Her shores were washed with a seething bouillabaisse of fish, her gardens laden with good things; Charolais cattle grazed the fields, chickens from Bresse pecked in farmyards.
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Early in the speech she gave across northeast Iowa, in union halls and living rooms and farmyards, Abby Finkenauer got the thing on many listeners' minds out of the way: She made a joke about her age.
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After months of Ms. Deaibes darkening the room to minimize distractions, buckling Yuna to control her jerky movements, Yuna can now stare for about three seconds, causing barn doors to open in computerized farmyards and other onscreen responses.
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Curated by Karen Wilkin, this exhibition surveys the full spectrum of Castle's themes, from the well-known farmyards and interiors, to the less familiar "portraits" of house and machines, clothing and groups of geometric people, as well as some of his impenetrable books, plus ephemera, including rarely seen sources for his imagery.
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The Estonian Open Air Museum () is a life-sized reconstruction of an 18th- century rural/fishing village, which comes complete with church, inn, schoolhouse, several mills, a fire station, twelve farmyards and net sheds. The site spans 72 hectares of land and contains about 80 separate buildings and is located 8 km to the west of Tallinn city center at Rocca al Mare. Established in 1957, the museum showcases 68 farmhouses assembled into twelve farmyards from North, South and West Estonia. Along with the farmyards, old public buildings are arranged singularly and in groups in a way that represents an overview of Estonian vernacular architecture of the past two centuries.
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From the period between 1611 and 1666 other evidence of mining was recorded. Extensive wood pastures and old farmyards and farms bear witness to the agricultural tradition of the Reinhardswald.
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192f, (English) mentioning a site nearby: "the Avvites who lived in farmyards as far as Gaza". It belongs to the Bnei Shimon Regional Council. In it had a population of .
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In addition to some wine the main crops are asparagus, tobacco, sugar beet, grain and potatoes. Home-grown fruit and vegetables are often sold by the growers immediately in front of their house on the road or in the farmyards.
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The dolphin gull is found round the coasts of Chile, Argentina and the Falkland Islands. It is a vagrant to South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands. It is found on rocky coasts and in the vicinity of other colonies of seabirds, slaughterhouses, sewage outflows and farmyards.
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Hatzerim (, lit. Farmyards) is a kibbutz located 8 kilometers west of Beersheba in the Negev desert in Israel. It is named after the Bible (Deuteronomy 2:23),Carta's Official Guide to Israel and Complete Gazetteer to all Sites in the Holy Land. (3rd edition 1993) Jerusalem, Carta, p.
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There are several versions of the name origin, but all the versions are connected with his name. The village started to be a volost administrative center in Odessa county in 1886. It had a population of 2917 people with 250 farmyards. There were two Orthodox churches, schools, six shops, and markets.
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The principal occupation of this town is agriculture. There are a number of temples in and around the town. The famous temples are Suambu Sree Annamaliyar Temple, Sree Sadaiappa Temple, Lord Venkateshwara Temple and Drowpathi Amman Temple. These temples are located in the north of the village in the farmyards.
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Approximately 10,500 residents live in Tostedt. In the district of Todtglüsingen there are another 3,200 residents. The municipality of Tostedt includes the villages Tostedt, Todtglüsingen, Langeloh, Neddernhof and Wüstenhöfen and the farmyards Dreihausen and Tiefenbruch. The place Tostedt-Land belongs partly to the municipality of Tostedt and partly to the municipality of Wistedt.
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Only a handful of farmyards are still active in farming, and then only in sideline. Oberrüsselbach with its high view over the valley has a big community of artists and creative people. Rüsselbach, as a part of the municipality of Igensdorf, belongs to European’s leading cherry-cultivating area. Once a year Oberrüsselbach hosts a Japanese cherry blossom feast.
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Centrally placed open-hearth fires with smoke vents in the roofs gave way to stone stoves and chimneys in early modern times. Specialized buildings became commonplace, organized around farmyards or gårdstun. The introduction of exterior boarding (weatherboarding) in the 18th century improved housing standards considerably and gave rise to larger houses. Building practices along the coast also included boathouses, fishing cottages, piers, etc.
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The road in the Whitehaven area was laid out in the 1930s and the A595 was designated a trunk route in 1946. It was detrunked in 1998, apart from an section between Little Clifton and Calder Bridge. This section represents the route from Sellafield to the A66. At Duddon Bridge and at Dove Ford near Grizebeck the road passes through farmyards.
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Strip farming is a concept covering a land distribution in agriculture. In collective farmyards where every single farmer owned or rented a part of the farm, the properties become complicated. The home fields were divided into small strips and each family maintained rights to both the suitable and the lesser suitable fields. Outlying fields were not divided but kept in common use.
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The 2nd–3rd century author Aelian claims that Spartan cooks were prohibited from cooking anything other than meat.Various History 14:7. The consumption of fish and meat varied in accordance with the wealth and location of the household; in the country, hunting (primarily trapping) allowed for consumption of birds and hares. Peasants also had farmyards to provide them with chickens and geese.
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An 1838 tithe map of Monington shows named buildings, mills, mill leat, mill pond, gardens (with paths), farmyards, fences, orchard, parkland, woods, quarry (gravel), hill-drawing, footpath and/or bridleway, waterbodies, springs, well and a kiln. The quarry referred to in the tithe map, Cware Trefigin, was still in operation in 2019 and contains significant deposits of sand and gravel.
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Habitat: wetlands and alluvial forest, pond margins and fen, wet pasture, along wet ditches, around farmyards, canal banks, suburban gardens, rubbish dumps and parks. Flowers visited include white umbellifers, Achillea millefolium, Allium ursinum, Caltha, Chelidonium, Convolvulus, Crataegus, Euphorbia, Leontodon, Menyanthes, Plantago,Potentilla erecta, Ranunculus, Salix repens, Senecio jacobaea, Taraxacum.de Buck, N. (1990) Bloembezoek en bestuivingsecologie van Zweefvliegen (Diptera, Syrphidae) in het bijzonder voor België. Doc.Trav. IRSNB, no.
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500 acres), established a water system, and maintained a large-scale chicken operation on the acquired Carr Farm. The Farm was known to be "an outstanding showplace with Jersey cows, poultry, a piggery, sheep, and Irish Settlers, all purebred...in 1911, her three foundation cows and a bull were imported from the Isle of Jersey."The Artist in Monadnock Farmyards by Ann Sawyer (9780557721603; Lulu.com), p.
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These were farmed according to the flurzwang rulessimilar to a medieval three-field crop rotation system. Between were small woods and meadows such as the Knoblauchsfeld and the Friedberger Feld; the latter was important for the water supply of the city. A wooden water supply pipe connected the Friedberger Feld to the Friedberger Tor from 1607. A circle of fortified farmyards surrounded the city.
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Modern archaeology has led to the discovery of Han artwork portraying inventions which were otherwise absent in Han literary sources. This includes the crank handle. Han pottery tomb models of farmyards and gristmills possess the first known depictions of crank handles, which were used to operate the fans of winnowing machines.Needham (1986c), 116–119, 153–154 & Plate CLVI; Temple (1986), 46; Wang (1982), 57.
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The Rottenburger Bockerl was a typical Bavarian Lokalbahn, running past large fields of grain and hops as well as farmyards and mills. Its services included many GmP mixed trains, which had long journey times due to the need to shunt wagons at stations en route. Passenger numbers were boosted by visitors to the weekly and annual markets as well as the cattle markets. Pure goods trains were initially quite rare.
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Many Black Forest farms still have the typical Black Forest houses today. However, internally they have usually been upgraded to satisfy modern day needs (in terms of living comfort and the installation of machines). Sometimes new cattle sheds were built next to the farmhouse in order to ensure that the keeping of dairy cows met modern standards. Frequently, silos have been erected next to the farmyards for silage feed.
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The Australian Producers' Home Journal was a monthly publication, usually published on the third Tuesday of each month. The paper featured articles on agricultural industries including dairy farming, fruit growing, the sheep industry as well as providing general advice about the management of farmyards and farms generally. According to the issue of the newspaper dated 23 August 1910, "This paper is sent free to subscribers to 'The Stock and Station Journal'".
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An example of Estonian vernacular architecture. The Estonian vernacular architecture consists of a number of traditional vernacular architectural styles throughout Estonia, embodied in villages, farmyards and farm houses.Juta Saron, Jüri Irik, Vernacular Architecture at the Estonian Open-Air Museum, Huma, 1997, The oldest written sources describing Estonian villages date back to the 13th century, when they were mentioned in the Liber Census Daniae and by the chronicler Henry of Livonia.
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The industrial estate includes a post office distribution centre. The railway line from Celle to Wittingen runs past the edge of Altenhagen, but the station at Altenhagen has rarely been used since it was closed to passenger services. The centre of the old village is characterised by several rural farmyards and a number of handicraft firms. There is also a kindergarten and the local community hall for the parish of Celle's town church.
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Holašovice is a typical Bohemian village for the Hlubocká Blatská area around České Budějovice. It consists of 23 brick farmyards containing 120 buildings, each with their gable end facing a central broad village green, with a fish pond and chapel. The buildings date from the 18th to 20th century, with most of them built in the second half of the 19th century. They are constructed in the South Bohemian Folk Baroque style.
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The KäseStrasse Bregenzerwald as an organization exists since 1998 and includes various roads of the Bregenzer forest. The organization has more than 200 members (2017) and there are all sorts of farmers: farms with farmyards, village farms, Alpine farms. It is a non-profit association promoting Bregenzerwald's cheese culture. The aim is to maintain and promote the regional value, to preserve the regional small structures and to shape the Bregenzerwald region as a cheese region.
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Norwegian strip farming is a variation on the Open field system practiced in much of Europe from medieval to modern times. In the years after the black death in the 1300 Norway developed, in contrast to most of the European countries, a particular farm structure, with free and partly independent farmers. Norway differed also in other aspects. The central Europeans lived in villages, while in Norway the settlings gathered in different, collective farmyards.
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Some research is done on-site at the Open Air Museum for the dating and conservation of materials acquired. The Multimedia Library of the museum contains pictures, slides, diagrams, videos, and audio recordings documenting Dutch folk life. They also work in tandem with the Foundation for Historical Farm Research (SHBO), the Working Party for Farmyards Foundation (SWB), and the Centre for Documentation and Information on Regional Dress (SDI) in their research on folk culture.
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In Russian folklore, adder stones were believed to be the abodes of spirits called Kurinyi Bog ("The Chicken God"). Kurinyi Bog were the guardians of chickens, and their stones were placed into farmyards to counteract the possible evil effects of the Kikimora (The wives of the Domovoi, the house spirits.) Kikimora, who also guarded and took care of chickens, could often unleash misery upon hens they did not like by plucking out their feathers.
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Vuk and his brothers and sisters are born near the pond one spring. Their father Kag and their mother Iny have to hunt continuously to get enough food to feed them. Then the Ranger finds the fox's home and sends in dogs to destroy the foxes that have been stealing from the village farmyards. The fox parents manage to save only one of their children: Vuk, who is left by the pond out of danger.
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An integrated constructed wetland (ICW) is an unlined free surface flow constructed wetland with emergent vegetated areas and local soil material. Its objectives is not only to treat wastewater from farmyards and other wastewater sources, but also to integrate the wetland infrastructure into the landscape and enhancing its biological diversity.Scholz M., Sadowski A. J., Harrington R. and Carroll P. (2007b), Integrated Constructed Wetlands Assessment and Design for Phosphate Removal. Biosystems Engineering, 97 (3), 415–423.
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Traces of ancient civilisation, including from the Bronze Age, are to be found in the vicinity of Castlemartyr. This includes a group of tumuli (or barrow mounds), including three examples in the townland of Ballyvorisheen. There is also evidence of the early inhabitants' attempts to defend themselves and their livestock against marauders and the threat posed by wild animals. These defences were in the form of ringforts (or raths), which were circular earthworks used as dwellings and farmyards.
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Around 67 buildings, including farmyards, wind mills, workshops, village community buildings like schools, bakehouses, dancing halls and chapels, all of which originated on the territory of the former Prussian Rhine Province and its predecessors, have been gathered together in four groups. Arable fields, vegetable gardens and orchards complete the picture. The exhibits come predominantly from the Westerwald/Middle Rhine region, from the Eifel mountains andVoreifel foothills, from the Lower Rhine and from the Bergisches Land. They portray everyday life from the 15th century.
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He also played a special role in taking photographs of the Hälsingegårdar, farmhouses of special historical value with rich decorations typical for Hälsingland. Many of them were torn down because of the industrialization of agriculture, new machinery like tractors, and a general increase of prosperity. By documenting their interiors and farmyards, Hilding Mickelsson raised awareness for the value of local cultural heritage. He explored villages systematically by bike, talked to locals, and thoroughly documented the typical paintings on the farmhouses' wooden walls.
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Australian ravens have adapted well to eating food scraps in urban areas, such as school playgrounds, rubbish tips, bins outside supermarkets or restaurants, abattoirs, piggeries and farmyards. In one isolated study, they were observed feeding on nectar from eucalypt flowers. Australian ravens sometimes forage in mixed-species flocks with any of the other four species of Australian corvids. Sometimes they are aggressive with little ravens if both are at a food source and drive them off, though not if the smaller species greatly outnumber the larger.
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He drew continually on his wide experience of the working life of the countryside, the bustling farmyards and cattle pastures of the Teifi and Ceri valleys, and the upland rural areas. Elwyn died on 13 November 1997, some three weeks after a fall in the garden of his Winchester home. In 2000, the National Library of Wales staged a Memorial Exhibition to coincide with the Scolar Press publication of Robert Meyrick’s monograph on John Elwyn. John Elwyn's development as an artist was dependent upon any indigenous Welsh tradition.
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Little Eccleston-with-Larbreck is a civil parish in the Borough of Fylde, Lancashire, England. It contains five buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are listed at Grade II. This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish contains the small settlements of Little Eccleston and Larbreck, and is otherwise rural. The listed buildings consist of farmyards and farm buildings.
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Distribution transformers are normally located at a service drop, where wires run from a utility pole or underground power lines to a customer's premises. They are often used for the power supply of facilities outside settlements, such as isolated houses, farmyards or pumping stations at voltages below 30 kV. Another application is the power supply of the overhead wire of railways electrified with AC. In this case single phase distribution transformers are used. The number of customers fed by a single distribution transformer varies depending on the number of customers in an area.
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Portrait of Adriaen van Utrecht Adriaen van Utrecht (Antwerp, 12 January 1599 – 1652) was a Flemish painter known mainly for his sumptuous banquet still lifes, game and fruit still lifes, fruit garlands, market and kitchen scenes and depictions of live poultry in farmyards. His paintings, especially the hunting and game pieces, show the influence of Frans Snyders. The two artists are considered the main inventors of the genre of the pronkstillevens, i.e. still lifes that emphasized abundance by depicting a diversity of objects, fruits, flowers and dead game, often together with living people and animals.
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Although the numbers of dogs killed each year are relatively low, it induces a fear of wolves entering villages and farmyards to take dogs, and losses of dogs to wolves have led to demands for more liberal wolf hunting regulations. Coyotes and big cats have also been known to attack dogs. In particular, leopards are known to have a preference for dogs and have been recorded to kill and consume them no matter their size. Tigers in Manchuria, Indochina, Indonesia, and Malaysia are also reported to kill dogs.
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The weekly market which existed for a long time would make the whole area a lively one from Sunday evening till Tuesday evening every week. There used to be a lot of hustle and bustle on Mondays when one could see large gatherings of people in the market. It was a place for selling vegetables for those who cultivated their own in farmyards got vacant after harvest of paddy. It was a place for buying cheap dry fish which was the only affordable non vegetarian item for most of the population those days.
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Among the most famous attractions of the place is the Saxon Brewery Museum in Rechenberg. Rechenberg-Bienenmuhle has an historic town centre, with an ensemble of well-preserved half-timbered houses, which includes the small market place, the former manor house mansion of the ruined castle, the brewery, the timber rafter's house and the old village school. In addition to the rustic double and triple-sided farmyards in the district, the village church of Clausnitz is also worth seeing because of its remarkable interior. Remnants of the old Neugrabenflöße mining canal have also survived.
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In a deed of 1370 Emperor Charles IV confirmed the monks in possession of 40 villages and five farmyards. The abbey was also the lord of the little town of Kirchhain, to which they had granted the right to hold a market in 1235. In addition, the abbey had premises in the more important towns of Luckau, seat of the territorial prince, and in Lübben (which between about 1301 and 1329 belonged to the abbey), in order to deal more efficiently with the sale of agricultural produce. Like all Cistercian abbeys, Dobrilugk was exempt from episcopal tithes.
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Special script-writers have been hired for him and Queen Denise for the rare instances where they are allowed to say something. However, because the actors sooner or later over-identify with their roles, some of the other attractions go terribly wrong. Robin Hood and his band actually start hunting their own food in the Island's heritage parks and old-English farmyards; the smugglers really start smuggling (cf. Adam Smith's approval of smuggling); and the "Samuel Johnson Dining Experience" turns out to be a flop because Doctor Johnson is regularly rude to the guests who dine at his table.
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Garmo Stave Church The founder, Anders Sandvig, collected from old houses and farmyards within Gudbrandsdalen to provide a sample of Norwegian culture and history in a museum. He first started in his backyard, but when his collection grew, in 1901, the town council offered him a permanent site for the museum. In 1904, the city of Lillehammer set aside an area already known as Maihaugen and bought Sandvig's collection and established the Sandvig Collections (Sandvigske Samlinger), the formal name for Maihaugen. Sandvig was at first hired as an unpaid curator but was later appointed the museum's first director.
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Hondecoeter was known for his bird studies and in particular for the realistic portrayal of the subjects. Although he experimented with different styles early in his career, after 1660 he favoured compositions similar to that seen in The Floating Feather: carefully observed subjects set in farmyards, courtyards or country parks with architectural or landscape features enhancing the backgrounds. His paintings were admired by the regents and merchants of Amsterdam, and by William III, who had works at three of his palaces. Hondecoeter's murals and large paintings were well- suited to both the large country houses and the tastes of the time.
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The so-called experience farmyards (in German: Erlebnishöfe) provided by the Jucker family in Seegräben (Juckerhof) on Pfäffikersee and in Jona (Bächlihof) on Obersee lakeshore are also nationally known day-trip destinations. In addition to the farm shops and catering, there are for children a nature playground, a goat enclosure, seasonal self picking of fruits and an apple orchard with labyrinth and mazes. Nationally known are the family annual major events, including Switzerland's most important pumpkin festival from September to November: On 5 October 2014, a new international record was established by a pumpkin weighing , at least for some days, but being still the biggest pumpkin in Switzerland.
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Large hunting dogs such as Swedish Elkhounds are more likely to survive wolf attacks because of their better ability to defend themselves. Although the number of dogs killed each year by wolves is relatively low, it induces a fear of wolves' entering villages and farmyards to prey on them. In many cultures, dogs are seen as family members, or at least working team members, and losing one can lead to strong emotional responses such as demanding more liberal hunting regulations. Dogs that are employed to guard sheep help to mitigate human–wolf conflicts, and are often proposed as one of the non-lethal tools in the conservation of wolves.
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A small burial ground containing some 15 graves on the north-eastern part of the island known as Ormknös is possibly the remains of a small settlement pre-dating Birka by less than a century. It is possible the burial ground belonged to the village on the island, Björkö by, together with two other burial grounds: Grindbacken, north of the village with 25 graves, and Kärrbacka, south of the village with 45 graves. The latter of these sites contains coffins and thus indicates the village coexisted with Birka, survived it, and continues to exist. There were nine farmyards in the village until around 1900, when four of them had to move, and three remain today.
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Photographs of several of his paintings illustrated the newspapers of the time. In the 30th, he assiduously spends a lot of time in the Circle “L'Effort”, corporation of artists whose workshop was located at Brussels - Grand-Place. In the company of his artist friends, he benefits thus from the services of models and carries out many drawings (charcoals, "sanguines") drawn from life. After the war, he will reach the top of his art by playing with the sets of shadows and lights throughout his landscape subjects of predilection: fields, undergrowths, farmyards,... He will thus not be long in gaining a rather great public notoriety and interest from the artistic media, without strictly yielding to their demands and while painting only subjects according to his desires.
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His portfolio includes other projects as gardens, farmyards, and landscape restorations such as the one at Baljuwshuis, Gaasbeek, near Brussels, working for Baron and Baroness Piet Van Waeyenberge between 1992–5, and the restoration of the landscape around the Palm Brewery, Diepensteyn, Steenhuffel-Londerzeel. In addition to other private gardens, he also worked with public spaces, like for example in a park in Schaarbeek, Brussels. Outside Belgium he has projects in Switzerland, France, Germany, California and in the Azores. He worked in collaboration with many architects, such as Philippe Samyn, for the Head Office of AGC Glass Europe , 360 Architecten for the New Learning Center at the Gasthuisberg Campus of KU Leuven , and interior designers like Axel Vervoordt or Gert Voorjans, at Dries Van Noten's House.
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In 1875 a railway between Falun and Ludvika, via Borlänge was inaugurated. Thanks to its railway station the village of Borlänge became highly important in servicing the ironworks. In 1898, Borlänge was granted privileges by the national Swedish government as a market town (Swedish: köping) with about 1,300 inhabitants, but still today it belongs to the Church of Sweden's regionally historically dominant parish of Stora Tuna, centered on a large medieval church by that name (meaning great enclosed farmyards), now located in a rural district east of the city.Find-a-Grave article In 1898, the Stora Kopparbergs Bergslag - the owner of the ironworks in Domnarvet at the time - built a papermill in an adjacent village to Borlänge called Kvarnsveden, upstream from Domnarvet.
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The most striking feature of Milburn is the consistency of its layout. This appears to imply a high degree of planning, and the history of the village may most usefully be described in this context. The houses round the green present a continuous frontage broken only by narrow lanes giving access to the farmyards, barns and fields which lie behind. Roads and tracks enter at the corners of the green and access is so restricted at some points that it has been suggested that the village has been constructed on defensive lines – possibly against the Border Reivers. Disappointingly, however, no buildings from "Reiving" times (late 13th to the end of the 16th century) survive, at least within the vicinity of the green itself.
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The agricultural land where the modern suburb now stands, has a history stretching some 2,000 years back (i.e. at least twice as old as Stockholm). The people who lived there were known as vaellingar, "those living on the embankment". While it first appears in historical records in 1347 and it is known that two farmyards existed here during the reign of King Gustav Vasa in the 16th century, in the 1922 edition of Nordisk Familjebok the location was still regarded as too insignificant to deserve an article. In 1953 the number of inhabitants barely exceeded 2,000. As part of a wider plan to decentralise the population of Stockholm, this rural land was quickly transformed into the present modern suburb, inaugurated in 1954 in a ceremony attracting some 75,000 people.
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The German blazon reads: '''' The municipality's arms might in English heraldic language be described thus: Per pale chequy of fifteen gules and argent and Or trellised sable surmounted by a hammer and a pick per saltire of the same, on a chief of the fourth a lion passant of the third armed and langued of the first. The lion in the chief refers to the former landholders, the Counts Palatine of the Rhine and the Dukes of Simmern. Reckershausen lay within the area subject to the provost's office at Ravengiersburg Monastery. Until this foundation was dissolved in 1566, these noblemen were its Vögte, and until 1707 the lords over the provost's office. The “chequy” pattern on the dexter (armsbearer's right, viewer's left) side refers to the “Hinder” County of Sponheim, which had in Reckershausen many peasant subjects and 19 “farmyards”.
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This theory of course Milburn Village Layout OS 1859reverses the current orientation of the houses on this side, but Butterworth sees no problem here. Under his theory, the green would then have taken the form of an enclosure behind these properties and he suggests that further properties would then have spread around this enclosure. Re-orientation of properties to accord with the current layout would have taken place as houses were gradually improved and replaced and it was found convenient to regard the green as the centre of the village. In support of his view he point out that access to farm buildings on the south east side has always been from the back lane, whereas on the north west side the gaps between houses have always been much larger, so enabling access to the farmyards to be made from the green.
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The hurlers can go anywhere in the parish: sometimes play keeps to roads, though often players go through fields and sometimes woods and farmyards, when necessary scrambling over hedges and ditches and wading through rivers.Rabey A. I. (1984) The Silver Ball: the story of hurling at St Columb A quick, unchallenged run to one of the goals or a close part of the boundary can take less than 10 minutes, whilst a hard-fought hurl with several tackles and scrums, especially to a more distant part of the boundary, will last longer, sometimes 30 minutes or more after leaving the town. Due to the pace of the game, this latter stage usually involves only a small number of hurlers, fit enough to keep up with those in possession of the ball. Spectators rarely witness any hurling action in the concluding stage of the game.
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The name revision of 1885, led to the name Prästgatan being used for the street's northern and southern extensions as well. Before this, the north part of the street Storkyrkobrinken was known as Helvetesgränd ("Alley of Hell"), just like the surrounding area north and west of the cathedral Storkyrkan was referred to as Helvetet (Hell), a name subject to scholarly disputes. Professor Nils Ahnlund (1889–1957), interpreted it as referring to the area north of a church in popular beliefs being known as "latus plagæ damnatæ" ("the northern side of the damned") and therefore a place of disgrace suitable for suicides and criminals, a theory only corroborated by the location of the city executioner in the area. This theory was however questioned in several essays by the historian Lizzie Carlsson, who instead concluded that during the Middle Ages Helvetet was used all over Sweden for farmyards as well as other structures with a northern location.
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A landlord named Lager and his wife Duda donated to the Nazarius Monastery at Lorsch (near Heppenheim) under Richbodo's abbacy three farmyards, as many subsistence farms and five bound farmers in Mauventelina (Mandeln) in the Perfgau, whose political and ecclesiastical centre was Breidenbach. This old village, under the name Moyndille, lasted until at least 1298, but the village's downfall eventually came, presumably as a result of a dispute between the Landgraves of Hesse and the Counts of Nassau, putting the date of the destruction sometime between 1433 and 1443. The village lay waste, though, for hardly any longer than half a century, for in 1489, about a kilometre south of where the old village had stood, came the refounding of Mandeln by the widow von Hutzmanns Heinz with her son Henn, and Gerlach, a certain Mr. Palmenie's son-in-law from Roth in Hesse. The population grew steadily, with the odd slight swing, between 1489 and 2005.
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The Bomlitz valley and the Altwerk Wolff The Bomlitz between Bomlitz and Benefeld South of the point where it is crossed by the Uelzen–Langwedel railway, part of the America Line, in the area of Frielingen and Woltem in Soltau borough, and Bommelsen and Kroge in Bomlitz parish, the Bomlitz valley gradually deepens, forming a textbook example of a former cultural landscape in the natural region of the Fallingbostel loam plateaus. There is a succession of farmsteads and hamlets close to the river, each one of which lies on a route crossing the river between the country roads on either side of the valley bottom. The sometimes well-preserved and historic Treppenspeicher-surrounded farmyards are hidden in small stands of old deciduous trees, surrounded by arable fields and, further away, by pastureland. The fields were cultivated by peat cuttings or Plaggen from the heathlands on their outskirts and turned into productive Eschflur field systems.
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