Image: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), Mr. David Gunning, DARPAThis past year, the AI community made headway towards that goal as the field of explainable AI (XAI) started to gain traction.
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Only 1.2 percent of variation in individual incomes is explainable by what states people live in, and only 7.1 percent of variation is explainable by what sub-state region they live in.
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Outcomes aren't always predictable and often they're not even explainable.
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On one level, "Pierre Delecto" is totally explainable by human nature.
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"It's easily explainable in the baseball world," Buck said, per SFGate.
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There are many causes of this malaise; some explainable, some not.
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Go deeper: Here are several more looks at the need for (and means of creating) explainable AI. 'Explainable Artificial Intelligence': Cracking open the black box of AI (Computerworld AU) Can AI be taught to explain itself?
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The second overarching factor when considering explainable AI is assessing the trade-offs of "true explainable and transparent AI." Currently there is a trade-off in some tasks between performance and explainability, in addition to business ramifications.
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At the same, the demand for explainable AI is on the rise.
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Every popular platform needs to be reduced into an easily-explainable phenomenon.
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Other aspects are explainable — consumer electronics sales, for example, are notoriously volatile.
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The benefits were not apparent or easily explainable to the body politic.
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But with voltages of 1.3 billion volts, gamma rays are easily explainable.
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There are those who believe that these kinds of occurrences are scientifically explainable.
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It is explainable by well-known mechanisms of how chronic stress affects health.
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A very important component to securing AI is to make it explainable and transparent.
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And one way to get there is for the AI systems to be explainable.
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Sara believes there is an order to the world that transcends the explainable: serendipity.
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But now the Washington Post has uncovered a far less explainable error in Foos's story.
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In the bull camp is renowned strategist Tom Lee, who thinks Tesla's surge is totally explainable.
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That will require that the Senate pass something more defensible, more explainable and with bipartisan support.
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Do you think it's explainable in ways that doesn't indicate we're in some type of bubble?
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A Nature article last fall made the case that Oumuamua is perfectly explainable as a comet.
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While work is under way on explainable AI systems, current systems are relatively weak in this area.
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There are a few easily explainable, algorithmic reasons why many women see nothing but ads for swimsuits.
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So just how many financial institutions are working on developing a white box approach to explainable AI?
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Of those, about half can be written off as either explainable or coming from an unreliable witness.
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Without missing a beat, their bodies flowed with each other in ways only explainable through telepathic communication.
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The human minders may seek to understand what the machine has spotted to find new "explainable" factors.
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A policy that directly benefits children in the here and now is both apparent and easily explainable.
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In that sense, Russia's well-sharpened tools of political tradecraft are explainable and logical, even though condemnable.
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Either by design or stroke of luck, the Terminator franchise is set up brilliantly for logically explainable reboots.
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He expressed that layered magnesium and bismuth alloys are pretty common and are certainly easily explainable by science.
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Many of the sightings turn out to be explainable, the authors say, but a small percentage defy resolution.
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"Feeds and speeds" is the pejorative phrase used to describe anything technical inside a phone that isn't immediately explainable.
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That opens up the question of just how explainable AI needs to be for specific users and specific purposes.
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There are two issues with the idea of explainable AI. One is a definition: What do we mean by explainability?
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"My impression from the very first phone call was that this was going to be an explainable thing," Pye said.
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The share of America's violence problem (excluding suicide) that is explainable by diseases like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is tiny.
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I believe there's a lot of love and compassion that is not explainable in terms of neural networks and computation algorithms.
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"The unexplainable has become explainable," Carter said, when asked about the challenges of bringing The X-Files into the 21st century.
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A second tenet is that autonomous systems, whether civilian ones like self-driving cars or those that drop bombs, should be "explainable".
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And others agree: Darpa, the Pentagon's radical research lab, is studying what it calls "Explainable Artificial Intelligence," giving it the acronym XAI.
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The idea is Fiddler Labs' explainable AI engine will allow companies to analyze, manage and deploy their machine learning models at scale.
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Do you believe that U.F.O.s are actually signs of alien life — or do you think these sightings are explainable some other way?
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He co-founded Fiddler as an effort to address problems of fairness and transparency by providing an explainable AI framework for enterprise.
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Behaviors you think are no big deal (leaning back in your desk chair) or ones that are totally explainable (leaving at 6 p.m.
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Iran's moves are easily explainable in terms of Kissingerian realpolitik: When treaties are rendered meaningless by a counterparty, you seek leverage outside them.
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The fact is, there are perfectly explainable causes for these deaths — and to suggest more without evidence is a dangerous rush to judgment.
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Tunsil's draft night was crazy for extraordinary circumstances that aren't fully explainable yet, but it was league policy that made it so troubling.
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Crucially, to be safe, AI weapons will have to be as explainable as possible so that humans can understand how they take decisions.
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If he's a conspiracy theorist, he's a conspiracy theorist with a conscience, whose conspiracy is simply that people and their problems are explainable.
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" Parliamentarians also suggest that "fears over 'black box' AI… may be overstated" — and rather dub "explainable AI" a "realistic goal for the public sector.
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Pointing to a slew of unfounded allegations, liberals apply a dubious lens of criminality to anonymous leaks that, even if true, are entirely explainable.
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Roberts' ranking as the second swing justice is also explainable given his (surprising) votes to affirm the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("Obamacare").
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There is, obviously, a broad and easily explainable reason for this: "Right now it's working because people just want to feel safe," he says.
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Third, in spite of its outlier status, human nature makes us concoct explanations for its occurrence after the fact, making it explainable and predictable.
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Yet despite an orders "blowout", those numbers revealed "disappointing yet explainable lower organic growth and low free cash flow", said Evercore ISI analyst Chris McNally.
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"If we had the exact same report and would have said the pressures are explainable, you never would have heard anything about it," Pye said.
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In October, the pair quit their companies and co-founded Fiddler Labs, a Mountain View, California, start-up that is building an explainable AI engine.
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Crucially, the results are said to be fully explainable and the tech can be integrated into existing software as easily as integrating a SQL query.
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"How to ensure that the algorithm is fair, how to make sure the algorithm is really interpretable and explainable - that's still quite far off," he said.
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"How to ensure that the algorithm is fair, how to make sure the algorithm is really interpretable and explainable — that's still quite far off," he said.
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If the company is committed to OSVR as a general platform, though, it's far more interesting and explainable if there's already some kind of hardware involved.
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"We see the miss as largely explainable, and believe the company is sufficiently nimble to address the missteps in short order," said Jefferies analyst Randal Konik.
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A lack of trust in AI is also holding back some Chinese companies, said Bénichou, adding that enterprise AI systems need to be explainable and transparent.
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In addition to posing a serious collision risk, determining the nature of the objects – whether benign, easily-explainable phenomena or potentially threatening – is of critical importance.
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Hilary Cairnie, a government contracts attorney at Pepper Hamilton, said the Whitefish contract set off some red flags, but some of the unusual aspects might be explainable.
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So the problems with Quantum are somewhat explainable—but they don't account for Skyfall and Spectre, two subsequent films that mimicked the film's tone and chaotic structure.
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The larger responsibility falls on the intellectuals — university professors, politicians and journalistic commentators — who said then that the acts committed by the protesters were justified or explainable.
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The guidance is operationally disappointing but is somewhat explainable with a couple of one-time payments negatively impacting the company's spending, Needham analyst Kevin Caliendo told Reuters.
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On the algorithmic side, grandstanding by IBM and other tech giants around the idea of "explainable AI" is nothing but virtue signaling that has no basis in reality.
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Private economists estimate Argentina's inflation rate is between 30 percent and 35 percent, which would mean the increase in tax revenue is largely explainable by consumer price increases.
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But at that height, the miraculous — and eminently explainable — process by which proteins and growth factors modulate expression of our 20,000 genes into blood, bone, skin, cerebellum, is invisible.
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The press release indicates that the drone will use "explainable stereo vision in parallel with sophisticated AI algorithms" to detect any humans or animals before it approaches the ground.
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Illustration: Astrobiology Center, JapanJupiter's core seems off, astronomers think, in a way explainable by an ancient collision with another enormous body, perhaps one 10 times the mass of Earth.
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When the Mueller Report did not provide an easily explainable smoking gun, and so did not move the country, she resisted Democrats who wanted to move forward on impeachment.
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While that number has dropped by nearly a third over the last three decades, the discrimination gap — the gap in pay that has no explainable reason — is on the rise.
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Instead, he points toward other scientifically explainable reasons for why people may think they've seen a ghost, including infrasound, sleep paralysis, and the traumatic grief of losing a loved one.
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As our decision-making is augmented by intelligent machine learning systems, we need explainable algorithms, interfaces and methods to guide and control these smart entities in an explicit and comprehensible way.
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The proposal is a half-way solution to a growing push in the field for "explainable artificial intelligence," or AI with which you can engage in robust discussion about its opinions.
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Some of this abundance is easily explainable, like places where cold, nutrient-rich water often wells up to the surface and sustains lots of life — life that ultimately dies, and sinks.
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What's happening: Explainable AI, also sometimes called transparent AI, has become a top priority for nearly all the big companies in the AI field, including Microsoft, Google, Intel, IBM and Oracle.
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Other conspiracy theories floated by Trump during the press conference on Monday, such as references to a "Pakistani gentleman" who might also be able to exonerate Russia, are equally dumb and explainable.
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But if his financial interests are tied up with Russian oligarchs, who in turn are tied up with the Kremlin and thus have parallel interests, then Trump's "consistency" becomes much more explainable.
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A deep learning model has to be "explainable," said Cao, which is key to finding out what went wrong: Is it the sensor, the computer, or the navigation app that's not working?
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"If we could have made such an estimate, and if such an estimate were easy to do — explainable without compromise — we would've done it a long time ago," Clapper said on Monday.
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Fiddler Labs, which was launched last year, specializes in "explainable AI," specifically cloud software that helps ensure that the AI tools a business is using are bias-free and complies with regulations.
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Darrell, without a second thought, said, Sure — but you could make it explainable by once again lashing two deep neural networks together, one to do the task and one to describe it.
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On the flip side, the "evidence" wielded against Ford, such as gaps in her memory, was easily explainable by anyone who understands the impact of trauma and normal victim responses to sexual assault.
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As a result, we now have facts quite distinct from any that have come out about this President before -- and the strongest, or at least most easily explainable, case for impeachment to date.
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Soon after, Darrell was presenting some different work to a group of computer scientists when someone in the audience raised a hand, complaining that the techniques he was describing would never be explainable.
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Creating explainable AI without compromising the performance of neural networks is difficult, but there are already several efforts in the works, including a government-funded project led by DARPA, the Defense Department's research arm.
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The disconnect between buoyant equities and nervous bonds may be explainable if fixed income investors are simply adjusting to lower "neutral" policy rates in the world's big economies, rather than anticipating a major downturn.
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While this could change in the future as research into explainable AI matures — DARPA devoted $75 million in 2017 to this problem — for now, requirements for explainability would come at the cost of accuracy.
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"One of the real powers of explainable AI is to illustrate how the AI is triggering data points to reach a decision, and surfacing those data points to a human for verification," Fernandez said.
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For example, thanks to explainable AI, they discovered that if a person is using the Chrome browser, the chances of a transaction being fraudulent is higher than if they're using Internet Explorer or Safari.
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In the radio interview, she said she didn't become successful until she changed the first letter of her first name from G to J, something she did for reasons explainable only by a numerologist.
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In a way, Pandora was an early model for explainable AI. It told you precisely why it chose to serve up that particular Childish Gambino track or that Hilary Hahn recording of Sibelius's violin concerto.
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The problem with 'explainable AI' People are up in arms after the recent reporting by The Information that six women entrepreneurs were sexually harassed by the managing partner of a VC firm, and rightly so.
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This month, the E.U., trying to clear a path through the "boosted decision trees" that populate the "random forests" of the machine-learning kingdom, will begin requiring that judgments made by a machine be explainable.
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Its software uses explainable machine learning models, which means their decisions are broken down in a way that can be easily understood by compliance staff, while providing them with the details they need for investigations.
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It's not just Big Tech: DARPA, the Defense Department's advanced research arm, has a program on Explainable AI. The stakes are obviously huge when AI is helping guide decisions of who to attack, how and when.
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In 2018, the European Union will begin enforcing a law requiring that any decision made by a machine be readily explainable, on penalty of fines that could cost companies like Google and Facebook billions of dollars.
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Explainable AI isn't just a matter of hitting a switch, though; experts from UC Berkeley, SRI and Fiddler Labs will discuss how we should go about it on stage at TC Sessions: Robotics+AI on March 3.
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When I read overviews of people who voted for Trump, it seems some analysts think his election is a one-off incident due to explainable factors, or maybe due to decades of mounting social and cultural anxiety.
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And it's a key part in the film, which is that there's an act of destruction of a marriage that the film does not explain, because it is important that these things are not explainable in those terms.
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Leaving Iowa and Texas aside as explainable exceptions to the rule, it is fair to say that Clinton does well in states that Trump is likely to win and Sanders does well in states where Cruz is strong.
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Now 28 and a doctoral student, after studying as a Rhodes scholar and a Fulbright fellow, she is an advocate in the new field of "algorithmic accountability," which seeks to make automated decisions more transparent, explainable and fair.
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"As we work on these technologies, all that data that we talked about, that ownership, they belong to the user, and with their permission, we use that," she said, adding, "These technologies also need to be open and explainable."
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This Season 4 debacle also reveals the larger translation problem in the show's constructions of sex and women: Women and their thoughts, feelings, and inner souls are not given enough literary weight to be explainable in their own terms.
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Ramos said the law had met criteria set by the U.S. Supreme Court to show intent that included its discriminatory impact, a pattern not explainable on other than racial grounds, Texas' history of discriminatory practices and the law's unusually swift passage.
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DP: Yeah, we were both, in fact, and people ask where the story of RISC came from, is once we hit upon the ideas of this different way to design computers, which we can, is explainable, but... Go right ahead.
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Mr. Garcia-Olano, also 38, is a Ph.D. candidate at the University of Texas at Austin, where he studies electrical and computer engineering, focusing on explainable machine learning and natural language processing techniques with applications in public policy, health and creativity.
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The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is working on a program to come up with "explainable AI," which aims to turn the black box of a machine-learning system into one that can provide the reasoning for the decisions it makes.
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Mark [Mezvinsky], Chelsea Clinton's ... I think it's easier ... I mean, basically I hired a bunch of people, then I transitioned and let go of some people, and some people left and ... But it's all more explainable in a bigger idea.
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"What we're trying to do with explainable AI is have the machine tell the human 'here's the answer, and here's why I think this is the right answer' and explain to the human being how it got to that answer," Walker said.
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That&aposs what inspired Krishna Gade, a former Facebook engineer, to launch Fiddler Labs, which specializes in "explainable AI," specifically cloud software that helps companies unlock the AI "black box" and figure out how exactly these types of systems come to their conclusions.
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"On a constant currency basis, ORCL can argue that it met expectations, but this market has no patience for any misses from tech companies, no matter how minor or how explainable the miss," Wedbush Securities managing director Steve Koenig told CNBC in an email.
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The first step to ethical artificial intelligence is teaching the computer to explain its decision making, something known in the field as explainable AI. Why it matters: Right now many deep learning algorithms don't make it clear how they arrived at their predictions or conclusions.
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But while support for Sanders is easily explainable, and not a huge threat to the Democratic establishment, the Republican Party is going to require some serious soul-searching as they seek to realign themselves with the American populous moving forward, should Trump be nominated.
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Latin America's dominance year after year is at least partly explainable by culture: The one variable that predicted results on both positive and negative experience indexes was country of origin, suggesting that culture plays a role in how individuals experience their world, Gallup found.
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IBM is thinking about AI in decades, not yearsFrom machines that go head-to-head with the greatest debaters or pinpoint the most exciting moments of a sporting event to a slew of offerings that ensure algorithms are fair and explainable, IBM is serious about artificial intelligence.
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" — Dr. Marc Siegel The doctor and author said he felt that the study "concludes that the association between opioid use and voting patterns is at least partly explainable but socioeconomic, environmental, legal and cultural factors," but offers "absolutely no reason whatsoever to connect this with voting for Trump.
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Nobel Prize-winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman's work demonstrated that humans exhibit two types of decision-making reasoning: "thinking slow," which employs deliberative effort, and the much more natural (to us) "thinking fast," where we typically lean on mental rules of thumb that yield explainable but sometimes logically dubious judgments.
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According to investigators, drug-testing bottles that held their urine had telltale marks of tampering, their urine samples had levels of salt that aren't explainable through natural means and their names were included on a register of athletes believed to have been provided performance-enhancing substances by Dr. Rodchenkov.
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Or, as Trevor Darrell, a lead investigator on one of those teams, sums it up, "The solution to explainable A.I. is more A.I." Five years ago, Darrell and some colleagues had a novel idea for letting an A.I. teach itself how to describe the contents of a picture.
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The question of whether we should choose easily explainable solutions over a minimization-of-death solution when designing automation is open to debate, as is the overall validity of using virtual reality to approximate real life, especially when other factors like the human instinct for self-preservation have been left out.
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We may need to re-think machine intelligence that will be inherently adaptable and evolving, that can understand constructs like causality (not just correlation), temporality, open-ended inferences, axiomatic knowledge, logical reasoning, and common sense; intelligence that can be somewhat predictable, transparent and explainable — and more resilient to adversarial attacks.
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Compliance with these rules should also help immensely toward achieving explainable AI. And if tech companies are worried that they will lose their competitive edge by making the inner workings of their proprietary algorithms understandable, they should consider that nothing will be more damaging to their reputation—and by extension their bottom line—than a security disaster attributed to their AI algorithms.
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At a simpler level, such powers of self-explanation are something software engineers would like to emulate in real AI. One of the first formal research programs to attempt to crack open the AI "black box" is the Explainable AI (XAI) project, which is being run by the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), an organisation that does much of America's military research.
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The disconnect between how we make decisions and how machines make them, and the fact that machines are making more and more decisions for us, has birthed a new push for transparency and a field of research called explainable A.I., or X.A.I. Its goal is to make machines able to account for the things they learn, in ways that we can understand.
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The EU's key requirements for trustworthy AI include some that are commonly discussed, like transparency (we should know when an AI system is making decisions about us and those decisions should be explainable to us), robustness and safety (AI systems shouldn't be vulnerable to adversarial attacks by hackers), and non-discrimination and fairness (AI systems shouldn't be biased along the lines of race or gender).
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When Pandora was founded back in 2000 and survived the dot-com bust, algorithms and machine learning weren't yet buzzwords, and AI wasn't as sophisticated, opaque, or poised for increasing application in critical realms like medicine and warfare as it is today — to the point that a new discipline called XAI, or explainable AI, has sprung up in an attempt to make accessible and comprehensible the complexity of what goes on in contemporary AI's proverbial black box.
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