Bernie Sanders when she was exerting influence over the DNC.
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State leaders are growing more confident about exerting influence over multinationals.
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This also unsettles neighbouring regions in which the EU is used to exerting influence.
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Saudi Arabia is known for aggressively exerting influence and tracking detractors on social media.
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All the while, Mr Kim is even exerting influence over the two allies' military relations.
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But it was followed by "international hackers exerting influence on the electoral process" at 34%.
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The position was supposed to be organized labor's means of exerting influence in the inner circle of any administration.
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Hamilton said his book was the "first comprehensive national study of Beijing's program of exerting influence on another nation".
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By the mid-2000s, Saudi money and Saudi-trained clerics were already exerting influence over the Islamic Community of Kosovo.
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He explains how the tech giants have succeeded in exerting influence over our attention, our loyalty and our personal information.
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Keeping 20143,000 Special Operations troops in eastern Syria, Mr. Ford said, will not prevent Russia and Iran from exerting influence.
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The Russian military presence in Mozambique follows a growing pattern of Russia exerting influence in the security sphere across the continent.
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Officials in Western democracies have grown anxious in recent years at China's increasing dexterity at exerting influence far from its shores.
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You have this weird unelected body of elites exerting influence on government policy, without any accountability to the citizenry at large.
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Europe, and Germany in particular, have emerged as the de facto regulators of the technology sector, exerting influence beyond their own borders.
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The report comes as Russia appears to be exerting influence in various Western democracies, most notably meddling in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.
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At the heart of the complaint is a clause in the Constitution written to prevent foreign governments from exerting influence on the United States.
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SYDNEY (Reuters) - Australia laid out new guidelines on Thursday to counter foreign powers exerting influence in its universities, amid mounting concerns over China's activities.
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But instead of openly waging war, Saudi and Iran back opposing political factions and extremist groups as a way of exerting influence and control.
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""More than a dozen unknown people inside the media sphere of my department were considering, debating, guiding, massaging, and exerting influence on the whole process.
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It also remains to be seen what role Mr. Trump will play in exerting influence as Republicans position themselves as potential successors to Mr. Ryan.
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She clearly meant it as a comment on the power of lobbyists, but it inadvertently invoked long-standing tropes of wealthy Jewish cabals exerting influence.
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In an emerging democracy such as Bosnia, China and Russia are exerting influence over the economy and security sectors without much deterrence from the West.
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Like Sandler's other creative inclinations — the vocal tics, the fits of rage — the Jewishness can seem sort of random, barely exerting influence on the plot.
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But instead of openly waging war, Saudi Arabia and Iran back opposing political factions and extremist groups as a way of exerting influence and control.
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" On Sean Hannity's show, there were commentators saying the Clintons "have a way of exerting influence," and other shows talked about the Clintons "getting away with everything.
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This course will show you the ropes of how to take the lead, providing tried and tested leadership techniques of decision making, directing, coaching, delegating, and exerting influence.
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" This is why, she added, "I'm not sure that even with all of the options available for exerting influence if there was something that would have prevented this.
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Mr. Bannon contends that this is a sucker's bet: China is stringing along the United States, he says, and has no intention of exerting influence on its neighbor.
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As the world confronts these rising forces, Europe, and Germany in particular, have emerged as the de facto regulators of the industry, exerting influence beyond their own borders.
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The race was the dirtiest and most negative in Israel's history, with several foreign countries, including the U.S. and Russia, exerting influence in the final weeks of the campaign.
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But Blue Origin's bid shows how the desires of a handful of very wealthy individuals, joining forces with those corporations, are exerting influence on sending Americans to deep space.
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Still, even as modes of exerting influence have proliferated, regulators should be judicious with the label of lobbyist, said Susan Lerner, the director of Common Cause's New York arm.
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Mr. Cuomo is exerting influence over the agency, but the governor has said little about how he would pay for expensive plans to upgrade the systems, Mr. Ravitch said.
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After the interview, Democrats on the committee accused the White House of exerting influence over Mr. Bannon to keep him from expounding about his time in the West Wing.
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Way back in 2008, I wrote about Wal-Mart's emerging effort to cut environmental and social harms from its business operations by exerting influence back along globe-spanning supply chains.
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For the first time, there's a Call of Duty mode that makes bullet-drop — literally, the Earth's gravitational force exerting influence on the path a bullet travels — a real consideration.
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But instead of waging war against each other directly, Saudi and Iran back opposing political factions and extremist groups throughout the region as a way of exerting influence and control.
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But the review did find that Purdue had intended to use the relationship with Tufts to advance its interests and that in some instances it was successful in exerting influence.
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"Congress established and updated these laws because the American people deserve to know how their government is operated, and who is exerting influence over determinations which affect them," they added.
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"Congress established and updated these laws because the American people deserve to know how their government is operated, and who is exerting influence over determinations which affect them," their letter stated.
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He criticized the AfD as "a wolf in sheep's clothing" and said Germany's BfV domestic intelligence agency was studying "whether right-wing extremists are seizing power and exerting influence on the party".
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On Tuesday, the departure of Mike Rogers, a former Republican congressman aligned with the party's more traditional conservative wing, signaled how the anti-establishment players within Mr. Trump's orbit are exerting influence.
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While Mr. da Silva never stopped exerting influence in Brasília, the capital, his formal return to the government could also transform Ms. Rousseff, an already weakened leader, into something of a figurehead.
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Based on this incident, a case can be made that India is exerting influence over members of the United States Congress under the umbrella of the Senate India Caucus to oppose favors to Pakistan.
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Special restrictions are designed to ensure some inmates have no means of exerting influence or threats beyond prison walls, which is useful for U.S. authorities to control those with sway over militant groups or criminal enterprises.
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"It goes without saying that exerting influence in a cooperation such as the E.U., where we are not a member, is challenging," said Elsbeth Sande Tronstad, Norway's deputy minister of European Economic Area and European Union affairs.
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GOP governors opposed to the Senate healthcare bill's changes to Medicaid are exerting influence on their home-state senators, making it more difficult for Republican leaders to net the 50 votes they need to pass the legislation.
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Two months ago, the national security adviser, John R. Bolton, said the United States would not pull out of Syria as long as Iran was exerting influence there, either through its own troops or Iranian-backed militias.
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WASHINGTON, Oct 31 (Reuters) - U.S. antitrust enforcers are probing Altria Group Inc for potentially exerting influence over vaping maker Juul Labs Inc before winning approval for a big share buy, Altria said in a government filing on Thursday.
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The early involvement by Giuliani, Sondland and their associates in exerting influence over the new Ukrainian leader illustrates how political goals and potential profits have blended together in the extraordinary chain of events being detailed in the impeachment proceedings.
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We argued that since that 1976 contest, party leaders had been exerting influence by coordinating on their choice during the "invisible primary" — the period before any voting when the leaders observed, met with and vetted candidates — then supporting that candidate throughout the process.
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The second newly charged person was a former vice culture minister, Kim Chong, indicted for suspected abuse of power and coercion for exerting influence over a state-run firm to make a contract with a sports management company controlled by the president's friend, Yonhap and other outlets reported.
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"Really, what was revealed to me was the complexity of the approval process and the number of people who were watching over me—more than a dozen unknown people inside the media sphere of my department were considering, debating, guiding, massaging, and exerting influence on the whole process," said Dallimore.
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Special restrictions are in place to keep some inmates from exerting influence over or making threats to people outside the prison, which helps US authorities control prisoners who have sway over militant groups or criminal enterprises — such as the Sinaloa cartel, which Guzman commanded during two stints in Mexican prisons.
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Favorov's interview announcement comes after CNN was first to report Monday that prosecutors in the Southern District of New York have contacted people associated with Naftogaz in recent weeks, suggesting investigators have opened an inquiry into whether Giuliani and his associates sought to secure deals by exerting influence over the company.
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"We'll only be convincing on the international stage if we are, first of all, fully compliant in the EU and for me, that includes Britain exerting influence over its overseas territories - we need to make that clear to the Brits in upcoming talks," senior conservative politician Ralph Brinkhaus told German newspaper Welt am Sonntag.
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"The jury should be aware that an outside actor, eager to break a story, and portray the story as a work of investigative journalism, was exerting influence on the regulatory process in a way that appears to have warped the agencies' focus on the company and possibly biased the agencies' findings against it," her attorneys wrote.
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"They can influence rhetoric," Mr. Lochocki said of the AfD, but whether the party remains a force capable of exerting influence will depend largely on whether the Christian Democrats and the Social Democrats are able to win back voters on such emotional issues as immigration and the common European currency, the euro, as they have pledged to do.
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"In evaluating the government's case, the jury should be aware that an outside actor, eager to break a story (and portray the story as a work of investigative journalism), was exerting influence on the regulatory process in a way that appears to have warped the agencies' focus on the company and possibly biased the agencies' findings against it," the filing states.
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Mazie HironoMazie Keiko HironoDemocratic senator on possibility of Trump standing up to the NRA: 'That's just such BS' Schumer to Trump: Demand McConnell hold vote on background check bill Graham moves controversial asylum bill through panel; Democrats charge he's broken the rules MORE (D-Hawaii) that the White House was not exerting influence on his decision of whether and when to allow Mueller to testify.
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Hardly any young people, it seems. Should/Could that change?, oxfamblogs.org Young professionals face numerous challenges including making their voices heard and exerting influence in the field of AR4D.
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Private benefits of control is a technical term used by corporate lawyers and economists. It refers to the economic gain from exerting influence on a company by large shareholders at the expense of small shareholders.
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In the mid-11th century, the Kingdom of Leinster began exerting influence over Dublin. Though the last king of Dublin was killed by the Norman conquerors of Dublin in 1171, the population of the city retained their distinctiveness for some generations.
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He was nominated Bishop of Sodor and Man by William Stanley, 9th Earl of Derby on 28 October 1684 and consecrated on 15 March 1685. In 1687 he was a likely candidate for election as president of Magdalen College, instead of John Hough, at a time when James II was exerting influence on the college's choice.
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Witnessing the dramatic impact of CNN's international coverage of the 1991 Gulf War, several Arab states realized the strategic value of satellite television during times of conflict. Many of the Gulf States began launching their own national satellite TV networks. Arab governments saw satellite news as the ideal vehicle for extending and exerting influence beyond their own borders.
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In 2017, Eligijus Masiulis 250-thousand-euro bribery scandal sparked one of the largest corruption investigations in Lithuania's history. Secret surveillance by VSD revealed that MG Baltic, a Lithuanian conglomerate, has been exerting influence and systematically bribing prosecutors, politicians and government bureaucrats. Irena Degutienė is implicated in the corruption scandal – MG Baltic preferred and favoured her nomination as head of her political party.
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It is thus possible that this anti-Scottish world-view reflected that of Jocelin's, at least before he left the abbey. After his election to the prestigious bishopric of Glasgow in 1174, Jocelin would continue exerting influence on his home monastery. Jocelin brought one of his monks from the abbey, a man called Michael, who acted as Jocelin's chaplain while Bishop of Glasgow.Norman F. Shead, "Jocelin", p. 16.
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With Russia Metternich was more confident of exerting influence. He was mistaken, however, and left to observe from afar Russian intervention in the region (culminating in the Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi). He still arranged to meet with the King of Prussia at Teplitz and accompany Francis to meet Tsar Nicholas at Münchengrätz in September 1833. The former meeting went well: Metternich still felt able to dominate the Prussians, despite their rising economic prominence in Europe.
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Such incidents led to the rise of groups like the Tongs, which were noted to have protected Chinese from abuse by white miners. The CCBA also exerted political power, becoming authorized to speak on behalf of Chinatown throughout the United States. The CCBA board of directors became increasingly powerful as it consisted of wealthy merchants and businessmen. The board had many dealings with local and federal governments, exerting influence in a variety of methods.
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In 1882, Frank Swettenham succeeded Low for a second term as the Resident of Perak. During his mandate, Perak's rail and road infrastructure was put in place. Increasing numbers of labourers were brought from India, principally to work as railway and municipal coolies. The British introduced several changes to the local political structure, exerting influence on the appointment of the Sultan and restricting the power of his chiefs to Malay local matters.
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At its height, the Ottoman Empire spanned over the entirety of Anatolia and ruled over many different cultures and peoples. Mass migrations would often be used as a tool to settle political unrest and to bolster Ottoman presence in areas. During the expansionist reign of Mehmet I forced migration was used as a method of strengthening border regions and exerting influence in newly conquered areas. With Mehmet's takeover of Constantinople in 1453.
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They are something else. The complex of stimulations that arrive to the retina (or to the Organ of Corti in the case of audition) generate, at a cortical level, – so affirms Pavlov- “functional systems that act integrally as in the case of an elemental conditioned reflex’, where all particular contents of different stimulations is transcended when reflecting their multiple reciprocal relationships, that are continuously exerting influence between each other (González, 1960: 72; Rubinstein, 1967:274).Alén, Alberto.
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Trade with the West slowed during this period. There were frequent uprisings against the Nguyễns, with hundreds of such events being recorded in the annals. These acts were soon being used as excuses for France to invade Vietnam. The early Nguyễn dynasty had engaged in many of the constructive activities of its predecessors, building roads, digging canals, issuing a legal code, holding examinations, sponsoring care facilities for the sick, compiling maps and history books, and exerting influence over Cambodia and Laos.
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According to recent analyses by different experimental techniques, GroEL-bound substrate proteins populate an ensemble of compact and locally expanded states that lack stable tertiary interactions. A number of models of chaperonin action have been proposed, which generally focus on two (not mutually exclusive) roles of chaperonin interior: passive and active. Passive models treat the chaperonin cage as an inert form, exerting influence by reducing the conformational space accessible to a protein substrate or preventing intermolecular interactions e.g. by aggregation prevention.
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Wheeler-Bennett lived in Berlin between 1927 and 1934 and, as a man well connected to the German ruling class, knew Schleicher and his followers well. Schleicher appointed Bredow as his successor as head of the Ministerial Office in the Defence Ministry, which was the Reichswehr's favorite instrument for exerting influence on politics.Wheeler-Bennett (1967), page 266. Bredow, along with Schleicher, was involved in attempting to enlist Adolf Hitler's support during Schleicher's time as Chancellor between December 1932 and January 1933.
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Huang is the CEO of Yuhu Group, a Sydney property development company. Huang served as the honorary chairman of the Australian Council for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification of China's Sixth Advisory Group. Huang has given 2.7 million to Australian political parties either personally or through his companies. His donations have been suspected to be on behalf of Chinese Communist Party's United Front Work Department, which were exerting influence on Australia's policies in favour of China through such political donations.
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The influence of Celtic mythology did not disappear after the Roman invasion, with the rituals and practices of Druidism still exerting influence over the mythology of the Gauls. Druids in Roman-Gaul were the philosophers and religious figures of the Gallic tribes. Druids were the educated classes among Celtic and Gallo-Roman culture, having knowledge about nature, astronomy, literature, and the law. Druids were unable to record any of their knowledge in written form, but records from Julius Caesar survive, giving details of Druidic rituals.
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Attracting immigrants with its spacious, fertile valleys and dry, agreeable weather, Catamarca was soon favored by immigrants from Lebanon and Iran, who found Catamarca reminiscent of the fertile, orchard-lined mountain valleys of the homes they left behind. One such family, the Saadis, became prominent in local commerce and politics (much as the Syrian Menems in neighbouring La Rioja). In 1949, the newly designated province elected Vicente Saadi as governor. Eventually, Saadi, a Peronist, would become indispensable to local politics (a Caudillo), exerting influence mostly by proxy.
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In his book Brave New World Order (first published 1992, reissued 2017), Nelson-Pallmeyer provides a definition of "national security state". He describes seven defining characteristics, starting with the military exerting influence over economic and political affairs and progressing through maintaining an appearance of democracy while ultimate power rests with the national security establishment; concentration of capital by elites; obsession with enemies; and restricting and distorting information, among others. He summarizes how this found expression in El Salvador and discusses "similar dynamics" within the United States.
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However, the writings of Christopher goes on to state clearly that the fandiyaaraa was the religious leader as well. Then came the visit of Harry Charles Purvis Bell, in 1921. Bell said that “the fandiyaaru always had a great influence both on the affairs of the common people and on the affairs of the state. As the history of the Maldives testifies, the fandiyaaraa is always a person who was capable of exerting influence on the political, internal, and external affairs of the state.
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At its launch, the first CPA President Roy Harrison said: :"The CPA has been formed to act as the focal point for government consultation and its objectives include informing and empowering its membership, complementing the work of sector trade bodies and exerting influence at regional, national and international levels." The CPA says it "acts as a single voice to promote and campaign for the construction product manufacturers and suppliers in support of this major UK industry.""What we do", Construction Products Association. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
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Relational Investors is an activist investment fund based in San Diego, California. Founded in 1996 by Ralph V. Whitworth, the fund has $6 Billion in assets under management. The firm primarily invests in value stocks of companies with market capitalization of over $5 billion while charging a 1% management fee and a 20% incentive fee on returns above the S&P; 500\. The fund tends to invest in specific target companies with the intent of exerting influence on management while getting its own board members elected.
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Chengdu is the largest trade center in western China with a market covering all of Sichuan province, exerting influence on a population of 250 million in six provinces, cities, and districts in western China. Chengdu ranks first among cities in western China in terms of the scale of foreign investment in commerce and trade. Out of the 40 World Top 250 retail enterprises based in China, 15 have opened branches in Chengdu. In downtown Chengdu, there are 71 department stores whose business area exceeds 10,000 sq.
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Relationships within BIH became increasingly factional. At the company's AGM in January 2015, Pannu was re-elected to the board while three directors, including Pavlakis, were not, yet the next day the three were reinstated. The Football League made public their concerns over Yeung's attempts to impose his choice of directors on the BIHL board despite his conviction disqualifying him from exerting influence over a club. On 17 February, the board voluntarily appointed receivers from accountants Ernst & Young to take over management of the company.
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Even today, no country in the world has 50% or higher female participation in a national legislature, and 73% of countries have less than 20% female participation. There are multiple levels of power positions in the government from the local level to the national level. Accordingly, there are different degrees to which women partake in these different levels. For example, studies have found in India that "large scale membership of women in local councils" can be more effective in exerting influence, such as over crime rates, than "their presence in higher level leadership positions".
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Monks from Iona under St. Aidan founded the See of Lindisfarne in Anglo-Saxon Northumbria in 635, whence Gaelic-Irish practice heavily influenced northern England. Irish monks also founded monasteries across the continent, exerting influence greater than many more ancient continental centres. The first issuance of a papal privilege granting a monastery freedom from episcopal oversight was that of Pope Honorius I to Bobbio Abbey, one of Columbanus's institutions. At least in Ireland, the monastic system became increasingly secularised from the 8th century, as close ties between ruling families and monasteries became apparent.
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Both strive for oneness and inter-relatedness from a set of fragmented and dissociated parts. This process found expression for Jung in his Red Book. Key to active imagination is the goal of restraining the conscious waking mind from exerting influence on internal images as they unfold. For example, if a person were recording a spoken visualization of a scene or object from a dream, Jung's approach would ask the practitioner to observe the scene, watch for changes, and report them, rather than to consciously fill the scene with one's desired changes.
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In 1835 the French Academy sent Antoine on a scientific mission to Brazil, the results being published at a later date (1873) under the title of Observations relatives à la physique du globe faites au Brésil et en Éthiopie. In 1837, the two brothers started for Ethiopia, landing at Massawa in February 1838. They journeyed throughout Ethiopia, travelling as far south as the Kingdom of Kaffa, sometimes together and sometimes separately. In addition to his studies in the sciences, he delved into the political fray exerting influence in favour of France and the Catholic missionaries.
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The French–Russian peace treaty thwarted the plan. After the French conquered Dalmatia, they offered Petar I the title of "Patriarch of all of the Serb nation or all Illyricum" under the condition that he stop cooperation with Russia and accept a French protectorate, which he declined, fearing eventual Papal jurisdiction. The Metropolitanate of Cetinje began exerting influence towards Brda and Old Herzegovina, which considered Montenegro as the leader for liberation. While his reputation and influence reached the surrounding lands, he increasingly directed himself to Revolutionary Serbia as the backbone for liberation and unification.
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Additionally, he can attempt to shape legislation during the legislative process by exerting influence on individual members of Congress. Presidents possess this power because the Constitution is silent about who can write legislation, but the power is limited because only members of Congress can introduce legislation. The president or other officials of the executive branch may draft legislation and then ask senators or representatives to introduce these drafts into Congress. Additionally, the president may attempt to have Congress alter proposed legislation by threatening to veto that legislation unless requested changes are made.
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Foreign investors' confidence was further damaged when, in his second year, Estrada was accused of exerting influence in an investigation of a friend's involvement in stock market manipulation. Social unrest brought about by numerous bombing threats, actual bombings, kidnappings, and other criminal activities contributed to the economy's troubles. Economic performance was also hurt by climatic disturbance that caused extremes of dry and wet weather. Toward the end of Estrada's administration, the fiscal deficit had doubled to more than P100 billion from a low of P49 billion in 1998.
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Modal jazz is jazz that makes use of musical modes often modulating among them instead of relying on one tonal center. Although precedents exist, modal jazz was crystallized as a theory by composer George Russell in his 1953 book Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organization. Though exerting influence to the present, modal jazz was most popular in the 1950s and 1960s, as evidenced by the success of Miles Davis's 1958 composition "Milestones", 1959 album Kind of Blue, and John Coltrane's quartet from 1960 to 1964;Henry Martin, Keith Waters (2008). Essential Jazz: The First 100 Years, pp. 178-79. .
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Feminists, pro-lifers, gun control organizations, and gay rights supporters opposed the "Centrists," who tried to end the sub-caucus system but were defeated by a united coalition of pro-life and pro-choice activists.Ellison, "Two Years Later, Hatch Wins Fight," Mankato Free Press Hatch "ran the party with a focus on winning elections and an intense dislike of its internal squabbles.""Profile of DFL Challenger Mike Hatch," Pioneer Press, Nov. 2, 2006 By 1982 the "Centrists" began exerting influence on party affairs, and the interest groups turned their focus on Hatch for organizing the group.
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Other parties, however, remained firm in their decision to isolate them from exerting influence. Out of 29 constituencies electing parliamentarians, the party was the second largest in "Scania North & East" while being the third largest party in 25. Although relying heavily on rural areas and the deep south, the party also made strong inroads and results above 15% in some medium-sized central Sweden cities such as Norrköping, Eskilstuna and Gävle, indicating a widening of its voter base in all areas. Some time after that, Åkesson announced he would go on sick leave due to burnout.
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Canonbie was the main population centre within the Debatable Lands, bounded on the west by the River Sark, to the east by the River Esk and Liddel Water, on the north by the Bruntshiell Moor and Tarras Moss, and on the south by the estuary of the Esk. The main families holding land and exerting influence in the area were the Graemes, Armstrongs, Elliots and Bells. Canonbie Parish had an Austin priory at Hallgreen, dating back to about 1165. The priory was destroyed during the reign of Henry VIII after the Battle of Solway Moss in 1542.
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The AWP sought to find what it called "an American approach" for Marxism at the depth of the Great Depression. The group published a popularly-written newspaper, Labor Action, and created Unemployed Leagues, which attracted tens of thousands of members and should not be confused with the Communist Party USA's Unemployed Councils. The AWP is best known in labor history for its leadership of the successful 1934 Toledo Auto- Lite Strike, which foreshadowed the creation of the United Auto Workers union. Exerting influence through its Unemployed League chapter, the AWP in Toledo kept the Auto-Lite strike from being broken by the desperate unemployed.
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The rulers of Trongsa, the penlops of the Wangchuck dynasty, who resided at Trongsa Dzong were very powerful, exerting influence over all of eastern and central Bhutan, controlling east-west trade for centuries. The only road connecting eastern and western Bhutan (the precursor to the modern Lateral Road), passed through the courtyard of the dzong. By the 19th century, the penlops, ruling from Trongsa Dzong, had become so powerful that Trongsa had effectively become the capital of Bhutan, although never officially so. Its strategic location added to its importance on the east-west trade route and was a source of revenue to the Trongsa penlop.
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Global regulatory organizations include the intergovernmental organizations, such as membership organizations like the World Bank and World Trade Organization that regulate the world economy, as well as other international organizations such as the United Nations. These organizations operate within a context of global norms that are established, and laws that are passed, with the influence of non-state actors, or non- governmental organizations. While global regulatory organizations focus on the establishment and enforcement of policies by exerting influence over the conditions of monetary loans, NGOs attempt to establish and enforce norms through exerting a certain sense of moral authority.[Spring, Joel H. How Educational Ideologies Are Shaping Global Society: Intergovernmental Organizations, NGOs, and the Decline of the Nation-state.
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Fausto Sozzini had died on the road, after expulsion from Kraków, Poland on 4 March 1604, but the Racovian Academy and printing press continued till 1639, exerting influence in England via the Netherlands. The vogue of Socinian views, typified by men like Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland and Chillingworth, led to the abortive fourth canon of 1640 against Socinian books. The ordinance of 1648 made denial of the Trinity a capital offence, but it remained a dead letter, Cromwell intervening in the cases of Paul Best (1590–1657) and John Biddle (1616–1662). In 1652–1654 and 1658–1662 Biddle held a Socinian conventicle in London; in addition to his own writings he reprinted (1651) and translated (1652) the Racovian Catechism, and the Life of Socinus (1653).
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In the peace treaty of Seville in July 1340, Alfonso agreed to have Leonor imprisoned in a convent, thereby securing the support of the king of Portugal in the Battle of Río Salado which was fought on 30 October 1340, although, once the military conflict had been resolved, he returned to his lover and did not fulfill the promise he had made to the Portuguese monarch. At the death of Alfonso 26 March 1350, Maria secured a power position by exerting influence upon the leader of her son's council, João Afonso de Albuquerque. She participated in the rebellion against her son in 1354, and turned over Toro to the rebels, which caused his imprisonment. After this, she returned to Portugal.
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In most liberal democracies, advocacy groups tend to use the bureaucracy as the main channel of influence – because, in liberal democracies, this is where the decision-making power lies. The aim of advocacy groups here is to attempt to influence a member of the legislature to support their cause by voting a certain way in the legislature. Access to this channel is generally restricted to groups with insider status such as large corporations and trade unions – groups with outsider status are unlikely to be able to meet with ministers or other members of the bureaucracy to discuss policy. What must be understood about groups exerting influence in the bureaucracy is; "the crucial relationship here [in the bureaucracy] is usually that between the senior bureaucrats and leading business or industrial interests".
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In most liberal democracies, advocacy groups tend to use the bureaucracy as the main channel of influence – because, in liberal democracies, this is where the decision-making power lies. The aim of advocacy groups here is to attempt to influence a member of the legislature to support their cause by voting a certain way in the legislature. Access to this channel is generally restricted to groups with insider status such as large corporations and trade unions – groups with outsider status are unlikely to be able to meet with ministers or other members of the bureaucracy to discuss policy. What must be understood about groups exerting influence in the bureaucracy is; "the crucial relationship here [in the bureaucracy] is usually that between the senior bureaucrats and leading business or industrial interests".
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Although early fandom was strongly perceived as a fan culture involving a few fanatic people, it has recently brought about a shift in perception that can be accessed in a variety of ways only by the name of a star or related search terms on portal sites, which is largely due to the development of the Internet and media. Among the numerous fandoms in cyberspace, especially the nation's "idol" fandom has steadily expanded its influence in various ways to date, starting with "Seotaiji And Boys." In the past, idol fandom culture was called "girl culture" or "teenage culture" and was considered primarily an immature culture for teenage girls, while the third-generation idol fandom has recently expanded to men and over 40s, exerting influence on cultural consumption aspects for all generations.
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The legislation is endorsed by more than 100 civil rights groups, including the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights, NAACP and NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, National Urban League, Amnesty International, and National Action Network. The American Civil Liberties Union praised the legislation for taking "significant steps to protect people and ensure accountability against police violence" but expressed opposition to providing "hundreds of millions more to law enforcement" and called for more sweeping changes to "the role of police in our society fundamentally." Police unions and other organizations representing police oppose the bill. Police organizations are influential in Congress, exerting influence through campaign contributions, endorsements, and lobbying and advocacy efforts, and historically have been successfully in stymieing reform legislation.
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Scrutineer sheet for the 2013 Australian federal election One formal duty of an election scrutineer is to verify the ballot boxes are empty when sealed, and that the seals have not been tampered with at the end of the polling day Rules vary concerning the number of scrutineers that are allowed to be present at each polling station from a political party. In some jurisdictions, each candidate or party may have one scrutineer or poll-watcher per constituency or precinct where voting or counting is taking place. In other jurisdictions, such as Australia and Canada, each party is permitted to appoint one or two scrutineers per polling booth. They are often required to refrain from contact with voters, wearing or displaying political slogans, or otherwise exerting influence on the conduct of the election while it is taking place.
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Girondo was contemporary to Jorge Luis Borges, Raúl González Tuñón and Macedonio Fernández and Norah Lange (whom he married in 1943) whom he met at a lunch banquet in 1926 held in honor of Ricardo Güiraldes. Of these authors, all also involved in the vanguardia (avant gardism) of Argentina, most identified with the Florida group in the somewhat farcical literary hostility between that group and another called Grupo Boedo. Girondo was one of the most enthusiastic animators of the ultraist movement, exerting influence over many poets of the next generation, among them Enrique Molina with whom he translated the work of Arthur Rimbaud “Una temporada en el infierno.” Other notable peers include Pablo Neruda and Federico García Lorca with whom he began lasting friendships in 1934, era when both were to be found in Buenos Aires, capital city of Argentina.
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However, Astyochus betrayed this agenda. When he received a letter from Phrynichus, the Athenian commander, informing him that Alcibiades was exerting influence over Tissaphernes to the detriment of Sparta, Astyochus instead travelled to Magnesia to deliver this letter to Alcibiades and Tissaphernes at their residence. Furthermore, when Astyochus received a second letter from Phrynichus offering to betray the Athenian stronghold at Samos, he did the same. Thucydides offers further evidence of Astyochus' defection to Tissaphernes: his submission to the pay cut of Peloponnesian sailors, and his lack of action in capitalising on the weakened and disorganised Athenian forces in Samos and the Hellespont during 411 BC. In addition, Astyochus not only failed to pay the troops, but also refused to attack the Athenians at Samos under the guise of waiting for further reinforcement in the form of a Phoenician armament that Tissaphernes had promised.
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Filmi is also making converts and exerting influence beyond the usual Desi audiences, with many Western music stores today carrying Indian music compilations. As early as 1978, the synthpop pioneers Haruomi Hosono and Ryuichi Sakamoto of the Yellow Magic Orchestra produced an electronic album Cochin Moon based on an experimental fusion between electronic music and Bollywood-inspired Indian music. Later in 1988, Devo's hit song "Disco Dancer" was inspired by the song "I am a Disco Dancer" from the Bollywood film Disco Dancer (1982). Baz Luhrmann showcases the song "Chamma Chamma" from China Gate (1998) in his 2001 movie Moulin Rouge. Another 2001 film Ghost World featured Mohammed Rafi's song "Jaan Pehechan Ho" from the 1965 film Gumnaam. The 2002 song "Addictive", sung by Truth Hurts and produced by DJ Quik and Dr. Dre, was lifted from Lata Mangeshkar's "Thoda Resham Lagta Hai" from Jyoti (1981).
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According to Richard Cockett 'the report claimed to be a comprehensive exposure of those politically motivated Trotskist of Communist- linked trade unionists within the trade union movement, who, under cover of legitimate industrial action, sought to create a revolutionary situation. the ISC thus drew some grave conclusions about the threat to democracy in Britain: :There can be no reasonable doubt that in several major British industries members of the Communist Party and other left wing organisations exert substantial influence in provoking and exacerbating conflict... Any serious study of the available evidence does more than indicate that a deliberate effort of considerable magnitude is being staged to disrupt industry for political ends; it shows that growing extremist organisations exist in some British Trade Unions capable of exerting influence wholly disproportionate to the numbers involved. It also shows that the aims of the extremist organisations are incompatible with any normally-accepted concepts of democracy in Britain. As Cockett notes: 'Not surprisingly, given that this Report appeared at the time of the 1974 miners' strike, it attracted widespread publicity and the Observer, for instance, published Section 8 of the Report on 'Militant extremism and political subversion' in full.
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The report comments on the political polarization in Lebanon between those who blame pro-Syrian government, and even Syria itself, for the murder, and those who accuse "the enemies of Syria" of carrying out the crime in order to set Syria up. The report emphasizes that it is impossible to identify the culprit until the perpetrators have been brought to justice, but blames the Syrian government, which it charges with exerting "influence that goes beyond the reasonable exercise of cooperative or neighborly relations", with primary responsibility for the political tension that preceded the assassination, by its "(interference) with the details of governance in Lebanon in a heavy-handed and inflexible manner". It also charges the Lebanese government with "a failure ... to provide adequate protection for its citizens", thereby contributing to "the propagation of a culture of intimidation and impunity", and accuses the Lebanese security forces with "serious and systematic negligence in carrying out the duties usually performed by a professional national security apparatus". The report accuses the Lebanese authorities of not investigating the crime seriously enough, and of failing to pursue the investigation in accordance with acceptable international standards.
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He sought to publicly distance himself from such violence, rarely signing his name to the Sovnarkom's repressive decrees. Similarly, he did not typically call for the shooting of counter-revolutionaries and traitors within his published articles and public speeches, although he regularly did so in his coded telegrams and confidential notes. Many middle-ranking Bolsheviks expressed disapproval of the Cheka's mass executions and feared the organisation's apparent unaccountability for its actions. The Party brought in attempts to restrain its activities in early 1919, stripping it of its powers of tribunal and execution, however this only applied in those few areas not under official martial law; the Cheka therefore were able to continue their activities as before in large swathes of the country. By 1920, the Cheka had become the most powerful institution in Soviet Russia, exerting influence over all other state apparatus, to the extent that Pipes considered the country to be a police state. There are no surviving records to provide an accurate figure of how many perished due to the Red Terror, although the later estimates of historians have ranged from 50,000 to 140,000.
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