This genus and species has been described in the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus).
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The show garden at Hampton Court Flower Show (2014). Designed by Tracy Foster, it won a gold medal and the People's Choice Award.Hedgehog Street is a UK- based conservation initiative set up by two charitable organisations, the People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES) and the British Hedgehog Preservation Society (BHPS). The project was established in 2011 in response to a detected decline Hof, A. (2009) A study of the current status of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), and its decline in Great Britain since 1960, PhD Thesis in the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) population in Britain, where it is a native species. As of January 2017, over 47,000 volunteers have signed up to be ‘Hedgehog Champions’, committing to making changes in their gardens to encourage and support wild hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus).
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A report to PTES/JNCC.JNCC 'priority' species pages: Erinaceus europaeus. Historic data from the National Gamebag Census suggest a steady decline between 1960 and 1980.Tapper, S. (1992) An Ecological Review from Shooting and Gamekeeping Records.
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Dickman, C. R. (1988). Age- related dietary change in European hedgehog, Erinaceus europaeus. Journal of Zoology 215, 1-14. Males tend to be slightly larger than females, but sex differences in body weight are overshadowed by enormous seasonal variation.
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Most have the ability to lower the body temperature close that of the environmental temperature. In particular Erinaceus europaeus the body temperature can drop down to 1 °C and lower its heart rate down to 22 beats per minute.
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Skeleton Skull of a European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus has a generalised body structure with unspecialised limb girdles. The animal appears brownish with most of its body covered by up to 6,000 brown and white spines.Morris, P. A. (2006). The New Hedgehog Book.
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Deinogalerix had a long, thin, conical face, small pointed ears, a lengthy, tapering tail and long hairs. Fossil skull of Deinogalerix koenigswaldi Deinogalerix (in scale with modern Erinaceus europaeus). Artwork by Mauricio Antón. Deinogalerix koenigswaldis skull was long and the entire body measured .
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The European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), also known as the West European hedgehog or common hedgehog, is a hedgehog species found in Europe, from Iberia and Italy northwards into Scandinavia.Harris, S. & Yalden, D.W. (2008). Mammals of the British Isles: Handbook, 4th Edition. The Mammal Society, Southampton.
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His Majesty the Hedgehog, Erinaceus europeus minor, Rex et Inspirator Hans Majestet Pinnsvinet (eng. His Majesty the Hedgehog), or Erinaceus europaeus minor, Rex et Inspirator, is the high protector of Studentersamfunnet i Bergen (eng. Bergen Student Society). The Majesty appeared in 1935, one year after the Student Society was founded.
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Natural enemies in Portugal include the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and the beetle Ocypus olens, both of which are generalist predators.Baker, G.H. 1985a. Predators of Ommatoiulus moreleti (Lucas) (Diplopoda: Julidae) in Portugal and Australia. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 24:247-252 A number of parasites have also been identified.Baker, G.H.. 1985b.
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European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) The order Insectivora (from Latin insectum "insect" and vorare "to eat") is a now-abandoned biological grouping within the class of mammals. Some species have now been moved out, leaving the remaining ones in the order Eulipotyphla, within the larger clade Laurasiatheria, which makes up one of the most basic clades of placental mammals.
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Avocetta, 23: 169. The full size range of insectivores may be taken by buzzards, ranging from the world's smallest mammal (by weight), the Etruscan shrew (Suncus etruscus) to arguably the heaviest insectivore, the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus).Manosa, S. & Cordero, P.J. (1992). SEASONAL AND SEXUAL VARIATION IN THE DIET OF THE COMMON BUZZARD IN NORTHEASTERN SPAIN.
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Adult hedgehogs of a couple species are opportunistically taken at times in Europe and European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) taken in Finland were estimated to average about . Introduced muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus), which weigh on average an estimated when caught, are also taken in Finnish studies. They have been known to prey upon the Japanese giant flying squirrel (Petaurista leucogenys), which weighs around a median of .Yoshiharu, I. (1968).
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Discussions on importing hedgehogs into New Zealand began as early as 1868. The first recorded introductions of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus occidentalis) were by the Canterbury Acclimatisation Society in 1870, with subsequent introductions in 1871, 1885, 1890 and 1894. It is likely that they all came from Britain. Beyond acclimatisation, hedgehogs were also introduced to control garden pests such as slugs, snails and grass grubs.
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Hof, A.R. (2009). A study of the current status of the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and its decline in Great Britain since 1960. PhD. Royal Holloway, University of London. Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK. A review of the available survey data for the population trend of the hedgehog in Britain was undertaken by the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) in a report commissioned by PTES and the British Hedgehog Preservation Society (BHPS).
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In the beginning of the 20th century, a few hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) were introduced to Tórshavn, but too few in numbers to establish a population. Bats are infrequent guests to Faroe, and usually die soon after arrival. Apart from the local domestic sheep breed called Faroes, the Lítla Dímun sheep, a variety of feral sheep survived on Little Dímun until the mid-19th century. There is also a local breed of horse, the Faroe pony.
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Hedgehog coronavirus 1 is a mammalian Group C Betacoronavirus, a positive- sense RNA virus, discovered in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) from Germany and first described in 2014. Most Betacoronavirus clade c viruses are known from bats. The hedgehog is in the animal order Eulipotyphla, which is phylogenetically related to the bats, Chiroptera, so the researchers investigated faecal samples to look for coronaviruses. The virus was found in the highest concentrations in the lower gastrointestinal tract.
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This site contains a variety of woodland native plants including Pedunculate oaks (Quercus robur), European beech (Fagus sylvatica), European yew (Taxus baccata), European holly (Ilex aquifolium), European ivy (Hedera helix) and other tree species. Breeding birds include common wood pigeons (Columba palumbus), common blackbirds (Turdus merula), Eurasian blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), common starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and invasive rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri). Mammal species include red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus), invasive grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis).
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Some mammals native to the region are Sus scrofa, Vulpes vulpes, Hystrix cristata, Canis aureus, Canis lupus, Martes martes, Lynx lynx, Felis sylvestris, Ursus arctos, Meles meles, Lepus, Erinaceus europaeus and Sciurus. Migrants are Lynx caracal and Panthera pardus. Some birds are Columba livia, Alectoris graeca, Perdix perdix, Coturnix coturnix, Scolopax rusticola, Turdus merula, Turdus pilaris, Oriolus oriolus, Merops apiaster, eagles, vultures, Corvus corax, Pica pica and Sturnus vulgaris. Monachus monachus breeds in caves around the shores of Mycale.
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Frothy saliva visible on the head of a juvenile male European hedgehog after self-anointing. European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) have been widely reported to self-anoint with a range of toxic and irritating substances, particularly when introduced to a new or strong-smelling substance. These substances include toad skin, tobacco, soap and faecal matter. The hedgehog chews and licks at these substances when it encounters them which produces frothy saliva-substance mix that the hedgehog then spreads onto its spines.
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The breeding range is restricted to South Island only. It lives along riverbanks and can forage out to 10 km (6 mi) at sea in the nonbreeding season. Fieldwork on the Wairau River in Marlbrorough showed that the swamp harrier (Circus approximans) is a common raider of black-fronted tern nests for eggs, with the native kelp gull (Larus dominicanus) and South Island oystercatchers (Haematopus finschi) also raiding. Introduced mammals such as the cat (Felis catus), stoat (Mustela erminea), hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus occidentalis) and black rat (Rattus rattus) have also been recorded.
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Hedgehogs are most abundant within the gardens, parks and amenity land close to or within human settlements.Young R. P., Davison J., Trewby I. D., Wilson G. J., Delahay R. J. and Doncaster C. P. (2006) Abundance of hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in relation to the density and distribution of badgers (Meles meles). Journal of Zoology 269: 349-356. They are generally scarce in areas of coniferous woodland, marshes and moorland, probably because of a lack of suitable sites and materials for the construction of winter nests (or hibernacula), which have specific requirements.
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In the freshwater streams that cross the Reserve live the river crab (Potamon fluviatile), the frog (Rana), the toad (Bufo bufo) and the newt (Triturus). Among the reptiles, there is the grass snake (Natrix natrix), as well as the green whip snake (Hierophis viridiflavus), the lizard (Lacertilia), the gecko (Tarentola mauritanica). The nocturnal fauna includes foxes (Vulpes vulpes), common pipistrelles (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), crested porcupines (Hystrix cristata) and hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). Among the raptors, which often nest in the numerous farmhouses of the Reserve, there are the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus), the little owl (Athene noctua) and the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus).
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Etude comparative du régime alimentaire de la Chouette hulotte. Rev. Gerfaut, 45 - 77. Despite the low numbers of moles that are usually hunted, species such as the European mole (Talpa europaea) can be contribute heartily to the prey biomass, such as in Wytham, where the species made up 15.6% of the biomass. Although such prey is known to be relatively limited in the species' foods, tawny owls are known to hunt the smallest living mammal species (by weight), the Etruscan shrew (Suncus etruscus), up to the size of the largest mole, the Russian desman (Desmana moschata), as well as perhaps larger still, some small adults of the European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus).
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Characteristic species include: Phyteuma orbiculare, Wart-biter (Decticus verrucivorus), and Adonis blue butterfly (Lysandra bellargus). The coastal and marine environments are made up of a moderately exposed coast and inshore area of the English Channel with cliffs providing nesting niches for birds such as Northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis). The discontinuous chalk ledge to the west of Brighton gives rise to a unique series of low underwater north-facing chalk cliffs with biological records of over 300 marine species in the area. The area is home to 211 species that have been recorded on international conservation lists, such as the European eel (Anguilla Anguilla)) in addition to 1,052 local rare species including the hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus) and yellowhammer (Emberiza citronella).
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Mammals of the Mikrotia fauna: Hoplitomeryx (A) and Deinogalerix (B, to scale with Erinaceus europaeus, the European hedgehog) Surveys conducted by P. Ballmann in the 1970s revealed a diverse bird fauna in the Gargano locality, consisting of 16 different taxa; later work established the presence of 10 additional distinct taxa (not including Garganornis), bringing the total to 26. These include the anatids Anas cf. velox and an additional unnamed anatid; the giant eagles Garganoaetus freudenthali and G. murivorus, as well as an unnamed smaller accipitrid; the phasianid Palaeortyx volans; the owls Tyto robusta, T. gigantea, "Strix" perpasta, another species referred to Strix, an additional species referred to Athene, and an unnamed taxon formerly referred to T. sanctialbani; the pigeon Columba omnisanctorum; the swift Apus wetmorei; the sandpipers Calidris sp. and an unnamed taxon; a threskiornithid; a woodpecker; a songbird; two rails; two charadriiforms; a bustard; a mousebird; and a corvid.
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There are 47 species of mammals, 279 species of birds, 10 species of reptile and amphibious animals and 10 species of fish reported in the reserve. In addition more than 1000 species of invertebrates are found. Typical mammals of the steppe zone are steppe polecat (Mustela eversmanni), corsac fox (Vulpes corsac), common fox (Vulpes vulpes), Eurasian wolf (Canis lupus lupus), long-eared hedgehog (Erinaceus auritus), European hare (Lepus europaeus) and several rodent species like bobak marmot (Marmota bobac), large-toothed souslik (Spermophylus fulvus), red-cheeked souslik (Spermophylus major), little souslik (Spermophylus pygmeus), common hamster (Cricetus cricetus), jerboas (Allactaga major, Stylodipus telum) as well as several species of voles and lemmings. The forests are inhabited by elk (Alces alces), Tartarian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus), Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), badger (Meles meles), ermine (Mustela erminea), weasel (Mustela nivalis), pine marten (Martes martes) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris), European hedgehog (Erinaceus europaeus), Blue Hare (Lepus timidus).
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Spanish Imperial Eagle thumb ; Mammals The municipality shelters, especially in protected zones, ardilla roja (Sciurus vulgaris), erizo europeo (Erinaceus europaeus), conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus), liebre ibérica (Lepus granatensis), comadreja (Mustela nivalis), gineta (Genetta genetta), zorro (Vulpes vulpes), jabalí (Sus scrofa), el ratón de campo (Apodemus sylvaticus), el ratón casero (Mus domesticus), el lirón careto (Eliomys quercinus), la musaraña gris (Crocidura russula), el topo ibérico (Talpa occidentalis), and topillo de Cabrera (Microtus cabrerae). Jabali Zorro (red fox) ; Reptiles and amphibians Torrelodones hosts reptiles such as la lagartija colirroja (Psammodromus algirus), la lagartija cenicienta (Psammodromus hispanicus), la lagartija ibérica (Podarcis hispanicus), el lagarto ocelado (Lacerta lepida), la salamanquesa común (Tarentola mauritanica), la culebrilla ciega (Amphisbaenia), la culebra de collar (Natrix natrix), la culebra viperina (Natrix maura) and la culebra de escalera (Elaphe scalaris). Among the amphibians are el sapo corredor (Bufo calamita), el sapo de espuelas (Pelobates cultipes), el sapo partero ibérico (Alytes cisternasii), el sapillo pintojo ibérico (Discoglossus galganoi), and el gallipato (Pleurodeles waltl). La culebra de collar El sapo corredor ; Invertebrates There are countless species of invertebrates.
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