He graduated into gluing thin layers of wood together, pioneering that process for sculpting, and later to 3D modeling and computer-guided lathes, routers and milling machines to carve bulbous and ellipsoidal furnishings that doubled as sculptures.
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Each flower has six stamens. Pointed brown ellipsoidal seed capsules up to in length hold the dark chestnut-brown ellipsoidal seeds.
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Later it forms simple hairy ellipsoidal fruit that is long.
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Later it forms warty ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms viscid ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms smooth ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms smooth ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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The ellipsoidal dull to slightly shiny brown seeds are long.
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Later it forms simple brown ellipsoidal hairy fruit that is long.
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Cei (1993) reports that the ellipsoidal eggs of M. vanderhaegei are .
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Later it forms ribbed or ridges ellipsoidal fruit that is long.
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In fact, the two stars orbit so closely that they distort each other into an ellipsoidal shape through gravity, thereby forming a rotating ellipsoidal variable system. However, almost no information is known about the companion star.
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In the fourth phase the defensive structures are again reinforced and new, ellipsoidal houses are built, increasing the density of the constructions within the walls. Bell beakers have been found in two of these ellipsoidal houses.
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Later it forms smooth oblong or ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms rugose oblong to ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms ridged or ribbed ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms rugose oblong or ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms wrinkled oblong or ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long.
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Later it forms ovoid or ellipsoidal simple hairy fruit that is long.
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Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal or oblong glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms warty ellipsoidal or ovoid glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms pitted ellipsoidal or oblong glabrous fruit that is long.
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Later it forms a simple oblique or ellipsoidal hairy fruit that is long.
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Later it forms ribbed or ridged obovoid or ellipsoidal fruit that is long.
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Later it forms ridged or ribbed oblong or ellipsoidal hairy fruit that are long.
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Later it forms ribbed or ridged obovoid or ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long.
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In general, LAD are modelled with one- or two-parameters functions including ellipsoidal, rotated- ellipsoidal and Beta functions. Comparison between different LAD functions with in-situ measurements show that, two-parameter functions (especially Beta function) may perform better than one-parameter functions.
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The formulation above can be easily extended to a spheroid. The course of the rhumb line is found merely by using the ellipsoidal isometric latitude. Similarly distances are found by multiplying the ellipsoidal meridian arc length by the secant of the azimuth.
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The mericarps are ellipsoidal, and 3–6 mm by 1.5–3.5 mm and slightly reticulate.
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Basidiospores produce aeciospores. Aeciospores: These spores are spheroidal or ellipsoidal, 18-28 µm in diameter.
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It has various peripheral, strap-shaped, spiraling chloroplasts with unique pyrenoids and an ellipsoidal nucleus.
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The ellipsoidal spores are hyaline (translucent), non-amyloid, and measure 4–5 by 2–2.5 µm.
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Observations of an occultation on 21 March 1998, produced several chords indicating an ellipsoidal cross-section of .
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Pupation takes place inside the mine-cavity in a pupa encircled with a whitish, ellipsoidal, rough cocoon.
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10, p. 253). New Haven: Yale University Press.Chandrasekhar, S. (1967). Ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium—an historical account.
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Mucor ellipsoideus is a fungus first isolated from human clinical specimens in the US. M. ellipsoideus is able to grow and sporulate at 37 °C like closely related M. indicus, but the former has narrow ellipsoidal sporangiospores, as compared to the subglobose to ellipsoidal sporangiospores of the latter.
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Pupation takes place within a thin, whitish, ellipsoidal cocoon, which is placed in the centre of the mine.
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Rotating ellipsoidal variables are a class of variable star. They are close binary systems whose components are ellipsoidal. They are not eclipsing, but fluctuations in apparent magnitude occur due to changes in the amount of light emitting area visible to the observer. Typical brightness fluctuations do not exceed 0.1 magnitudes.
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The ellipsoidal dome is a surface formed by the rotation around a vertical axis of a semi-ellipse. Like other "rotational domes" formed by the rotation of a curve around a vertical axis, ellipsoidal domes have circular bases and horizontal sections and are a type of "circular dome" for that reason.
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This is the most striking difference between the spherical and ellipsoidal versions of the transverse Mercator projection: Gauss–Krüger gives a reasonable projection of the whole ellipsoid to the plane, although its principal application is to accurate large-scale mapping "close" to the central meridian. Ellipsoidal transverse Mercator: a finite projection.
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Hyperion is one of the largest bodies known to be highly irregularly shaped (non-ellipsoidal, i.e. not in hydrostatic equilibrium) in the Solar System. The only larger moon known to be irregular in shape is Neptune's moon Proteus. Hyperion has about 15% of the mass of Mimas, the least massive known ellipsoidal body.
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All of these moons are ellipsoidal in shape. Another dozen moons are ellipsoidal as well, indicating that they achieved equilibrium at some point in their histories. However, it has been shown that some of these moons are no longer in equilibrium, due to them becoming increasingly rigid as they cooled over time.
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The reddish brown seeds within the fruit have an ellipsoidal shape with a terminal wing and have a length of .
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This differs from modern penguins, which get their dark black-brown feathers from unique melanosomes that are large and ellipsoidal.
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For example, dicarboxylate anions could be encapsulated in the ellipsoidal cavity in a large macrocyclic structure containing two metal ions.
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C. Thomas (2010) 'Sizes, shapes, and derived properties of the saturnian satellites after the Cassini nominal mission', Icarus 208: 395–401 as may a couple moons of Uranus (Titania and Oberon). However, the other ellipsoidal moons of Saturn (Mimas, Enceladus, Tethys, Dione and Iapetus) are no longer in equilibrium. The situation for Uranus's three smaller ellipsoidal moons (Umbriel, Ariel and Miranda) is unclear, as is that of Pluto's moon Charon. The shapes of Eris's moon Dysnomia, Orcus's moon Vanth and Varda's moon Ilmarë are unknown, but Dysnomia is larger than the three smallest ellipsoidal moons of Saturn and Uranus (Enceladus, Miranda and Mimas), Vanth is larger than Mimas, and Ilmarë is approximately the size of Mimas (within current uncertainties), so they are quite possibly ellipsoidal as well.
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Strand Leko Lite An ellipsoidal reflector spotlight. A Lekolite (often abbreviated to Leko) is a brand of ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS) used in stage lighting which refers to the half-ellipsoidal dome reflector within which the instrument's lamp is housed. Introduced in 1933,A Brief History of Stage Lighting (revised November 13, 2013) it was developed by Joseph Levy and Edward Kook, founders of Century Lighting, which eventually became a part of the Strand Lighting Corporation. The instrument was widely used in theatre and entertainment venues into the 1990s, particularly in the United States.
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Kepler-91b was detected by analyzing the data of Kepler spacecraft where a transit-like signal was found. Initially thought to be a false positive due to light curve variations by a self-luminous object, it was later revealed that due to low density of Kepler-91's shape is distorted to slightly ellipsoidal shape due to gravitational effects of the planet. Ellipsoidal light variations caused by Kepler-91b constitute more than the third of light variations compared to transit depth. Ellipsoidal light variations also allowed to determine the planet's mass.
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His contribution of this topics are classified by under two sections, named respectively "Fondamenti della teoria della funzione potenziale"Literally, "fundamentals of the theory of the potential function" . and "Attrazione dell'elissoide e funzioni armoniche ellissoidali"."Attraction by an ellipsoid and ellipsoidal harmonics" . The work deals with the definition and properties of ellipsoidal harmonics and the related Lamé functions.
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A cogeneric species potentially similar to Phellinus ellipsoideus is P. caribaeo-quercicola. The latter species shares the hooked hymenial setae and ellipsoidal to broadly ellipsoidal spores. However, details of the fruit body differ, and the spores are hyaline to yellowish, and not dextrinoid. Further, the species is known only from tropical America, where it grows on the Cuban oak.
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Pseudoplectania differs from Plectania mainly in spore shape—spherical in Pseudoplectania compared to ellipsoidal in Plectania. The generic name means false plectania.
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Green sulphur bacteria and some Chloroflexia use ellipsoidal complexes known as the chlorosome to capture light. Their form of bacteriochlorophyll is green.
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The set define the ellipsoid coordinates. These coordinates are the natural choice in models of the gravity field for a rotating ellipsoidal body.
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The red, fleshy fruit is narrowly ellipsoidal and 15–20 mm long. The seeds are ovate with a narrow margin.Flora of Australia Online.
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Finite element analysis (FEA) eliminates the assumption of non-constant material properties, and allows the use of non- axisymmetric, three-dimensional heat sources such as ellipsoidal and double ellipsoidal distributions. The double ellipsoidal heat source distribution presented by Goldak is intended to be flexible, to be used to analyze deep or shallow welds, and asymmetric geometry. The Goldak model has been shown to agree well with experimental results on thick section submerged arc weld (SAW) on steel plate, partial penetration electron beam weld (EBW) on steel plate, and gas tungsten arc weld (GTAW) on thin austenitic stainless steel plate.
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The conidia are ellipsoidal to egg-shaped, smooth, translucent (hyaline), and 4.8–16.0 by 2.3–5.8 µm; they tend to accumulate in "mucilaginous masses".
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Postally used Machins showing ellipsoidal shear panels.In February 2009, security features were increased on "Machin" self- adhesive stamps to avoid the reuse of uncancelled used stamps retrieved on mail. Both the effigy and the background were printed with continuous "ROYAL MAIL" iridescent printing. Two ellipsoidal shear panels were added to each stamp, and the water-soluble layer between the stamp and the adhesive was abandoned.
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Langer punctured numerous holes at short distances from each other into the skin of a cadaver with a tool that had a circular-shaped tip, similar to an ice pick. He noticed that the resultant punctures in the skin had ellipsoidal shapes. From this testing he observed patterns and was able to determine "line directions" by the longer axes of the ellipsoidal holes and lines.
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Phellinus ellipsoideus produces basidiospores that are ellipsoidal or broadly ellipsoidal in shape. The spore shape is one of the features that makes the species readily recognisable microscopically, and the spores measure from 4.5 to 6.1 by 3.5 to 5 micrometres (μm). The average spore length is 5.25 μm, while the average width is 4.14 μm. The spores have thick cell walls, and are hyaline.
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Pyroteuthis margaritifera, the jewel enope squid, is a species of squid in the family Pyroteuthidae. This species has three large, ellipsoidal, double photophores on the tentacles, the nearest ellipsoidal photophore to the tip is near the carpal cluster and is widely separated from the two smaller spherical photophores at the base of the tentacle, but nearer to the other two ellipsoidal photophores. Another spherical photophore is located at the base of the tentacular club. The fourth right arm is hectocotylised and has 13-19 basal hooks, each of these hooks is large and has a primary cusp with a smooth inner edge and a large, rounded secondary cusp.
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In astrophysics, Dirichlet's ellipsoidal problem, named after Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, asks the question that under what conditions there can exist an ellipsoidal configuration at all times of a homogeneous rotating fluid mass in which the motion, in an inertial frame, is a linear function of the coordinates. Dirichlet's basic idea was to reduce Euler equations to a system of ordinary differential equations such that the position of a fluid particle in a homogeneous ellipsoid at any time is a linear and homogeneous function of initial position of the fluid particle, using Lagrangian framework instead of the Eulerian framework.Chandrasekhar, S. (1969). Ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium (Vol.
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It is ellipsoidal, with a swollen lower side and a wrinkled upper side. The species is overwinters in larval stage within evergreen leaves of the food plant.
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Seeds produced are smooth approximately and with an obovoid to ellipsoidal shape with a waxy to membraneous margin. The plant is able to regenerate from seed only.
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The larvae feed on Clethra barbinervis. They create and oval ellipsoidal case consisting of three pieces. The larva overwinters on the ground. Pupation takes place in spring.
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A pupal chamber is found within the mine, but not always at the end of the mine. It is ellipsoidal, with very slightly swollen upper and lower sides.
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The 7–12 cm long pods each contain 5–10 smooth, orange-brown, ellipsoidal, 7 mm long seeds. The flowering season is from mid-July to mid-September.
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They are made from sandstone and occasionally pumice. The grinders were rectangular, ellipsoidal, trapezoidal, or round. The small round grinders are also found in other Neolithic settlements in Sudan.
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The perianth is glabrous or puberulent outside and densely pubescent inside. The purplish- black fruit is an ovate, ellipsoidal or subglobose drupe. The perianth-cup in fruit is cupuliform.
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Bacillus horti is a species of Gram-negative alkaliphilic bacillus. Its cells are strictly aerobic rods that produce subterminally located ellipsoidal spores. Its type strain is K13T (= JCM 9943T).
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Ascomata are black, globose to ellipsoidal, and setae are present over the upper half of the wall mixed with conidiophores. Pseudoparaphyses are filiform, hyaline, septate, and branched.Navi, S.S., et al.
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While these definitions are mathematically interchangeable, real-world calculations must lose some precision. To avoid confusion, an ellipsoidal definition considers its own values to be exact in the form it gives.
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For example, calculations using the GRS 80 ellipsoidal model yields the qibla of 18°47′06″ for a location in San Francisco, while the great circle method yields 18°51′05″.
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Every point that is expressed in ellipsoidal coordinates can be expressed as an rectilinear (Cartesian) coordinate. Cartesian coordinates simplify many mathematical calculations. The Cartesian systems of different datums are not equivalent.
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Tungsten halogen lamps are used in the majority of theatrical and studio (film and television) fixtures, including Ellipsoidal reflector spotlights, Source Four, and Fresnels. PAR Cans are also predominantly tungsten halogen.
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The annulus tissue comprises interwoven cylindrical hyphae measuring 3–9 μm wide. Sphaerocysts (inflated, spherical cells) are also present in the annulus tissue; they are club shaped to ellipsoidal, with dimensions of 29–55 by 30–70 μm. The warts on the cap surface (remnants of the universal veil) comprise loosely interwoven cylindrical to inflated thin-walled hyphae that are 3.5–8 μm wide. Sphaerocysts in this tissue are 58.5–70.2 by 17.5–40 μm, ellipsoidal, and hyaline.
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These are given in a system of coordinates known as "the WGS84 datum". A geographic datum specifies an ellipsoidal approximation to the Earth's surface; WGS84 is the most commonly used such datum.
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Shell is midvolute and its whorl section is ellipsoidal to rectangular. Vertical umbilical wall has abrupt, but still rounded umbilical shoulder. Carinate-sulcate venter is moderately wide. Keel is sharp and prominent.
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Both parents take turns incubating. The song is a thin and clear feeeee that dies away. Calls include a short high-pitched pok and harsh notes. The glossy eggs are ellipsoidal and densely speckled.
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The stigmas have two lobes. The carpels have numerous ovules. The fruit can be round, ellipsoidal or oblong and either hairless or covered in fine downy hairs. The fruit can be smooth or ribbed.
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The fungus has a trimitic hyphal system, and its generative hyphae have clamp connections. Its smooth, thin-walled spores range in shape from oblong to ellipsoidal, and typically measure 3.1–3.6 by 2.1–2.4 μm.
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She lays 10–25 or more eggs in one or more clutches. Eggs are ellipsoidal, approximately long. Incubation time is determined by temperature, but averages 90–100 days. Hatchlings generally emerge in August or September.
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After fertilization mature broadly ellipsoidal capsule fruits measure 2.5 to 4 × 1.5 to 2 centimeters. Tulipa altaica blooms in May and fruits in June and July. The chromosome number is 2n = 24, more rarely 48.
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68 Cygni is the Flamsteed designation for a star in the constellation Cygnus. Located approximately distant, the star is a hot blue giant of spectral type O7.5IIIn((f)), a massive star that is likely currently expanding to become a supergiant. The star is surrounded by a ring-shaped nebula (likely a Strömgren sphere) named S 119. 68 Cygni is currently classified as a rotating ellipsoidal variable, varying between apparent magnitudes 4.98 and 5.09, although the classification as a rotating ellipsoidal variable is subject to controversy.
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The spheroidal dome is obtained by sectioning off a portion of a spheroid so that the resulting dome is circularly symmetric (having an axis of rotation), and likewise the ellipsoidal dome is derived from the ellipsoid.
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A condyloid joint (also called condylar, ellipsoidal, or bicondylar) is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.
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It blooms between June to September and produces an axillary or terminal raceme regular inflorescence with white or cream flowers with white or cream styles. Later it forms smooth, oblong or ellipsoidal, glabrous fruit that are long.
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The gobo is placed in the focal plane of the lantern (generally an ellipsoidal reflector spotlight or a moving head). The gobo is inserted upside-down and back-to-front. The lighting instrument inverts the projected image.
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Later it forms smooth ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long. The plant is found at the western end the Gawler Range between Yardea Station and Mount Wallaby. It grows is shallow rocky soils among mixed open shrubland.
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Virola divergens is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It grows to about 25m tall. The fruits are ellipsoidal and subglobular, 18–38 mm long and 16–33 mm in diameter, grouped 4 to 8.
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In the lab, colonies will not grow at temperatures of 40 °C, differing from M. sympodialis-related species, such M. dermatis and M. nana, which can grow at this temperature. Malassezia caprae cells are ellipsoidal to subglobose.
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When the stars reach the point of their closest encounter, the mutual gravitational pull between the two stars will cause them to become slightly ellipsoidal in shape, which is the reason for their light being so variable.
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Bossi et al. (1998) argued that the system is neither an eclipsing binary nor an ellipsoidal variable. Instead they propose the variability is caused by distortion of a gaseous shell by the secondary component. Linnell et al.
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In the early days of spotlights, the name "Klieg light" became synonymous with any ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS), other carbon-arc sources or any bright source. Initially developed for film, the Klieg light was adapted for use as an incandescent stage fixture in 1911. Although not completely certain, the title of the first ellipsoidal reflector spotlight often goes to the 1933 Klieglight, which was first used to light an outdoor pageant in New York. Century Lighting introduced their Lekolite, developed by Levy & Kook, hence the name "Leko", in the same year.
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The simple inflorescences form as flower-spikes with a length of around densley packed with light golden flowers. The penduouls seed pods that form after flowering are produced in large numbers and have a shape resembling a string of beads with a length of and a width of . The pods are thinly coriaceous-crustaceous and straight to shallowly curved with a light brown colour when mature with a variably white-scurfy surface. The shiny black seeds have pale dull coloured middle have an ellipsoidal to obloid-ellipsoidal and a length of and a white aril.
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First Fresnel zone avoidance Fresnel zones are confocal prolate ellipsoidal shaped regions in space (e.g. 1, 2, 3), centered around the line of the direct transmission path (path AB on the diagram). The first region includes the ellipsoidal space which the direct line-of-sight signal passes through. If a stray component of the transmitted signal bounces off an object within this region and then arrives at the receiving antenna, the phase shift will be something less than a quarter-length wave, or less than a 90º shift (path ACB on the diagram).
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Prymnesium is a genus of haptophytes, including the species Prymnesium parvum. The genus is a unicellular motile alga. It is ellipsoidal in shape one flagellum is straight and there are two longer ones which enable movement.Fritsch, F.E. 1965.
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Virola venosa is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil (in Amapá, Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia). It grows tall. The fruits are ellipsoidal to subglobular, long and in diameter.
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A dark brownish line of frass is always seen in the centre of the mine. A pupal chamber is found at the end of the mine, ellipsoidal in form, with a swollen lower side and a wrinkled upper side.
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Later it forms smooth ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long. Grevillea metamorpha is found amongst low trees or in tall shrubland. It grows in sandy soils of the Geraldton and Leseuer sandplain often occupying wetter areas of creek lines.
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The upper surface of the leaves is glossy. The flowers are yellow and about 5 mm across. They are arranged in a large inflorescence. The fruit is an ellipsoidal drupe which varies in length from 4 to 12 cm.
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The granite palettes were used to grind malachite and amazonite which are assumed to be used as pigments. The three different classes of stone palettes are rectangular, ellipsoidal, and irregular. Stone palettes are evenly represented in male, female, and child graves.
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All species cause brown-rot. Typically, basidiospores are thin- walled, cylindrical, and narrowly ellipsoidal or fusiform in shape. Most species grow on the wood of coniferous trees, except for A. albida, which grows on the dead wood of deciduous trees.
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The mining part of the leaf is whitish-green in the young stage and brownish in the mature stage. Pupation takes place inside the mine, usually at the swollen part. The cocoon is ellipsoidal, whitish, and covered with grains of frass.
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It has an ellipsoidal reflector behind the lamp to reflect the light in the direction required. They have brackets on the end to attach gels and barn doors. Barn doors do the same as the shutters but give a softer edge.
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Couteaudier, Y. and C. Alabouvette, 1990 Survival and inoculum potential of conidia and chlamydospores of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini in soil. Can. J. Microbiol. 36:551-556 The microconidia are ellipsoidal and have either no septum or a single one.
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Research has shown that spherical particles have a better ability to penetrate the skin compared to oblong (ellipsoidal) particles because spheres are symmetric in all three spatial dimensions. One study compared the two shapes and recorded data that showed spherical particles located deep in the epidermis and dermis whereas ellipsoidal particles were mainly found in the stratum corneum and epidermal layers.Ryman-Rasmussen, J.P., Riviere, J.E. and Monteiro-Riviere, N.A. Penetration of Intact Skin by Quantum Dots with Diverse Physicochemical Properties. Toxicological Sciences 2006;91(1):159–165 Nanorods are used in experiments because of their unique fluorescent properties but have shown mediocre penetration.
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Inside the ascomata, the shape of the spore bearing asci of the fungi can range from pyriform to ovate to clavate to ellipsoidal The asci of the fungi are also always 8-spored, and evanescent - disintegrating varying in size from 24x14 μm to 40-20μm The Ascospores of the fungi are unicellular, brown-dark green in colour, and ellipsoidal. The ascospores of the fungi are also observed to only have germ pores at 1 end, with the other end being truncated. The dimension of the ascospores range from 9x5 - 16x9 μm. The species present no anamorphic or asexual form.
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Like many lighting designers to follow, Stanley McCandless was not only interested in the artistic side of lighting design, but he also contributed to the technical aspect of the art as well. In his early work as a theatrical consultant, McCandless designed specific house lights for the Center Theatre in New York’s Radio City. These fixtures incorporated the use of ellipsoidal shaped reflectors, which were later developed into the ellipsoidal reflector spotlight. This lighting fixture has become the staple for theatre lighting inventories in America and England due to its ability to shape light with shutters and gobos or templates.
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Annales du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg, Séries 3. 13: 57–76. They have paraphyses which anastomose and form a three-dimensional network. Ascospores are large (20—40 µm long), ellipsoidal or slightly unequal-sided, and either smooth or ornamented with fine wrinkles.
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If projected onto an oblique hyperplane, its image is either an ellipsoid or a solid cone with an ellipsoidal base (resembling an ice cream cone). These images are the analogues of the possible images of the solid cone projected to 2 dimensions.
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Zehneria species are either monoecious or dioecious, annual or perennial, climbing vines. Their leaves are simple, dentate and usually palmately lobed. Inflorescences grow on axillary racemes, with the flowers normally clustered, occasionally solitary. The fruit is fleshy, usually globose or ellipsoidal, and indehiscent.
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Ridged mirrors can also reflect visible light; however, for light waves, the performance is not better than that of a flat surface. An ellipsoidal ridged mirror is proposed as the focusing element for an atomic optical system with submicrometre resolution (atomic nanoscope).
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The larvae are at first campodeiform, having a long flattened body, legs and antennae, but the later instars are fleshy and ellipsoidal; they are concealed by the white waxy filaments they secrete. The pupa is concealed in an oval, white, silken cocoon.
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The oocysts are thin walled, sporulated and ellipsoidal measuring an average of 18.9 x 20.8 micrometers. Each oocysts contains 2 sporocysts with 4 sporozoites. The oocysts have a polar body and a prominent residuum but lack micropyles, sporocyst residua or Stieda bodies.
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The blue to mauve corolla is 10–25 mm long, with not appressed, white hairs on the outside, and is bearded on the inside. The fruit is ellipsoidal, about 5 mm long, and hairy. It flowers in the months from September to December.
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Griffiths HJ (1978). A Handbook of Veterinary Parasitology: Domestic Animals of North America. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, pp. 46-47. The eggs of these nematodes are characterized by a thick shell, smooth and ellipsoidal, and composed of three distinct layers.
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The common furniture beetle or common house borer (Anobium punctatum) is a woodboring beetle. In the larval stage it bores in wood and feeds upon it. Adult Anobium punctatum measure in length. They have brown ellipsoidal bodies with a prothorax resembling a monk's cowl .
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The genus includes two species, Leucangium ophthalmosporum Quél. (the type of the genus) and L. carthusianum (Tul. & C. Tul.) Paol., and both of them produce sequestrate ascoma, globose to ellipsoidal ascus (inamyloid and eight-spored), and dark olive-colored to grayish green, smooth, fusiform ascospores.
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It is whitish with a brownish central line of frass. Pupation takes place within the mine in a pupal chamber that is located at the end of the mine. This chamber is ellipsoidal, with a strongly swollen lower side and a wrinkled upper side.
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The magnitude 7.43 secondary companion, component B, is a suspected variable star and may be a Delta Scuti variable. Alternatively, it may be an ellipsoidal variable with a brown dwarf companion. It is an F-type main-sequence star with a class of F1V/F4.
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For tables or equations for the magnetizing factors of the general ellipsoid see The demagnetizing factors are the principal values of the depolarization tensor, which gives both the internal and external values of the fields induced in ellipsoidal bodies by applied electric or magnetic fields.
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ELKI. Due to the axis scales, the spheres appear ellipsoidal. Every blue sphere (leaf) is contained in a red sphere (directory nodes). Leaves overlap, but not too much. As in any Tree-based data structure, the M-Tree is composed of Nodes and Leaves.
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To put it simply, hydrostatic equilibrium is the balance struck between pressure-gradient force and gravity. This phenomenon is why Earth's atmosphere neither dissipates into space nor collapses into a thin, dense shell, and is also what gives large celestial objects their ellipsoidal shape.
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Objects that are ellipsoids due to their own gravity are here generally referred to as being "round", whether or not they are actually in equilibrium today, while objects that are clearly not ellipsoidal are referred to as being "irregular". Spheroidal bodies typically have some polar flattening due to the centrifugal force from their rotation, and can sometimes even have quite different equatorial diameters (scalene ellipsoids such as ). Unlike bodies such as Haumea, the irregular bodies have a significantly non- ellipsoidal profile, often with sharp edges. There can be difficulty in determining the diameter (within a factor of about 2) for typical objects beyond Saturn.
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The major components of an ERS light are the casing in which the internal parts are mounted, an ellipsoidal reflector located in the back of the casing, a lamp mounted to position the filament at the rear focal point of the ellipsoid, a dual plano-convex lens (two plano-convex lenses facing each other in the barrel), and at the front, a gel frame to hold the color gel. The light from the lamp is efficiently gathered by the ellipsoidal reflector and sent forward through the gate, shutters and lens system. A diagram of a Selecon Performance Lighting Pacific Zoomspot. ERS or profile lanterns have many useful features.
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Later it forms obovoid or ellipsoidal glandular hairy fruit that is long. It will regenerate from seed only. It is similar to Grevillea althoferorum but with more deeply divided leaves and with fewer-flowered conflorescences. G. rudis is found amongst medium to low trees or on heathland.
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Later it forms rugose oblong to ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that are long. It regenerates from seed only. The shrub is often confused with Grevillea intricata which has a glabrous inner perianth surface and more tangled foliage. Grevillea subtiliflora is found in shrubland amongst medium to low trees.
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The fruit bodies are small, up to 25 mm long. Spores are white in deposit, smooth, spherical to ellipsoidal, with large oil droplets (guttules). The basidia are large and four-spored; cystidia are absent. The hyphal system is dimitic, and the skeletal hyphae have clamp connections.
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The mining part is discoloured into white, semitransparent and without a dark line of frass. A pupal chamber is placed at the end of mines, ellipsoidal, with a strongly swollen lower side and a wrinkled upper side. Eumetriochroa hiranoi was named in honour of Nagao Hirano.
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Bacillus flexus is an aerobic, Gram-variable, rod-shaped, endospore-forming, oxidase positive bacteria. The endospores are ellipsoidal, located in central/paracentral, unswollen sporangia. In laboratory conditions, it produces opaque, creamish, raised margin colonies at 30 when incubated at 24–72 hrs. on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA).
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The sepals are just tufts of silky hairs. The corolla is 5-6 mm long with silky hairs on the outside. The ovary is 2 to 2.5 mm long, and the fruit is ellipsoidal and about 2 mm in diameter. It mainly flowers from September to November.
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Leaves are coriaceous and sessile. The lamina is lanceolate-ellipsoidal and may be up to 10 cm long and 2 cm wide. It has an adnate base and an obtuse to acute apex. Two to three longitudinal veins are present on either side of the midrib.
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Pistils are depressed globose or depressed trapezoidal in shape, 1-locular and with many ovules. Stamens consist of short filaments with thecae at the tip, dehiscing by a pore. Pollens squeezed out from the theca pore like a droplet. Fruits are berries with round to ellipsoidal shapes.
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The fruit is an ovoid to ellipsoidal schizocarp, cylindrical or compressed, with ciliate primary ribs and secondary ribs with a row of hooked spines. Some species have a small pale or white edible taproot, similar to a radish, which may or may not be bitter in taste.
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The inflorescence is interfoliar and once branched, covered in brown hair, with unisexual flowers of both sexes. The female flowers are twice as big as the male's, both with three sepals and three petals. The fruit is globose to ellipsoidal, pink to red, with one seed.
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The adult is a sphinx-like moth with dark reddish-brown wings and a lighter margin. One or two yellowish spots are found on the forewings. The female lays off-white to light brown eggs which are ellipsoidal. It has a single lateral ovoid brown spot.
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Coverage of Multiple Mantaray Horns. Mark Ureda, Ted Uzzle. Definition of 'apparent apex' and approximate locations for a number of Mantaray horn models. which is the focal point of pattern dispersion, is not the same for every frequency, making for an ellipsoidal wavefront rather than spherical.
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It is classified as a rotating ellipsoidal variable star and its brightness varies by 0.02 magnitudes with a period of 23.57 hours, which equals half of its orbital period. The spectrum matches that of an A-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of A5 V.
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Diagram of Blepharisma sp. Blepharisma may be as small as 50 micrometres in length, or as large as 1 mm (though normal size range is between 75 and 300 micrometres). Body shape varies within the genus. The type species of the genus, B. persicinum, is ellipsoidal.
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A member of the Francevillian biota. Maximum fossil diameter= 12 cm The fossil organisms are up to 17 cm in size. Their bodies were flattened disks with a characteristic morphology, including circular and elongated individuals. A spherical to ellipsoidal central body is bounded by radial structures.
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Later it forms ellipsoidal simple hairy fruit that is . Grevillea maherae is able to regenerate from both seed, lignotuber and rhizome. It is found in tall and low shrubland and Eucalyptus miniata woodland on Mount Elizabeth Station. The shrub grows in sandy or loamy soils on sandstone.
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They are hyaline in colour and possesses a smooth surface and ellipsoidal (i.e. shaped like a football) to fusiform (i.e. spindle) in shape. They are 8-22 x 2.2-3.5 µm in width and they gradually become thinner reaching 0.8-1.4 µm in width at their apex.
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To achieve this, the bacteria contain chlorosome structures, which contain up to 250,000 chlorophyll molecules. Chlorosomes are ellipsoidal bodies, in GSB their length varies from 100 to 200 nm, width of 50-100 nm and height of 15 - 30 nm, in FAP the chlorosomes are somewhat smaller.
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757, 888-907. M. Wilczek & C. Meneveau, “Pressure Hessian and viscous contributions to velocity gradient statistics based on Gaussian random fields“ (2014), J. Fluid Mech. 756, 191-225. L. Biferale, C. Meneveau & R. Verzicco, “Deformation statistics of sub-Kolmogorov-scale ellipsoidal drops in isotropic turbulence“ (2014), J. Fluid Mech.
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She looks for a rather open area, with no major obstacles for the future hatchings to negotiate on their way to the river. The nest is dug with the hind feet. She lays 10–25 or more eggs in one or more clutches. Eggs are ellipsoidal, approximately long.
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Following flowering straw-coloured and resinous seed pods form that have a linear to oblong shape and are straight to undulate and raised over seeds alternately on each side with a length of . The brown or black seeds inside are arranged transversely and have an obloid or ellipsoidal shape.
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Although the species is listed as threatened due to habitat loss by the IUCN, it is a common tree species found throughout Central and South America. Virola surinamensis grows tall. The leaves are long and wide. The fruits are ellipsoidal to subglobular, measuring about long and in diameter.
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Ruddimans, 1742. In fact the figure of the Earth is far less oblate than this, since the Earth is not homogeneous, but has a dense iron core. The Maclaurin spheroid is considered to be the simplest model of rotating ellipsoidal figures in equilibrium since it assumes uniform density.
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It is ellipsoidal in shape and found along myofibrils of host tissue (Abdel-Baki et al. 2012). The oocysts is encapsulate in a thick hyaline wall (Abdel-Baki et al. 2012). The oocyst is resistant to destruction within the host due to its thick protective wall (Clopton 2002).
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The skeletal hyphae are thick-walled, with a golden to rusty colour. Hyphae in the context have a strong dextrinoid reaction. They feature spiny setae-like structures in the cap surface, the hymenium, and the walls of the tubes. Spores are cylindrical to ellipsoidal, hyaline, smooth, and thin-walled.
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There may be up to nine tooth-like staminodes or none at all; gynoecium uniocular and ovoid with broad, pendulous stigmas. The fruit is ellipsoidal to subglobose, maturing to black, with a thin endocarp, carrying one seed. The seed is round with homogeneous endosperm and a basal embryo.
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It is a perennial subshrub, sometimes with creeping stems, growing to about 1 m in height. The acute to subapiculate, fleshy, glabrous leaves are usually 2–6 cm long, 2–4 mm wide. The small white flowers have petals 1.5 mm long. The ellipsoidal seeds are 1.5 mm long.
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The conidia are narrowly ellipsoidal in shape and 2.6-5.9 µm × 1.2-2.5 µm in size. Immature sexual fruiting bodies called ascomata have been reported but their rare occurrence are thought to be due to the lack of mating compatibility. Exophiala jeanselmei is affiliated with the ascomycete genus Capronia.
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Its maximum growth temperature is 39 °C though 25 °C is optimal. When grown on PFA medium C. foveolata produces a reddish brown diffusing pigment. Conidiogenesis occurs in vitro. These conidiogenous cells remain undifferentiated from hyphae and are monophialidic with ellipsoidal conidia at the end of short conidiophores.
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Other algorithms for solving linear-programming problems are described in the linear-programming article. Another basis-exchange pivoting algorithm is the criss-cross algorithm. There are polynomial-time algorithms for linear programming that use interior point methods: these include Khachiyan's ellipsoidal algorithm, Karmarkar's projective algorithm, and path-following algorithms.
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P. ellipsoideus produces distinct ellipsoidal spores, after which it is named, and unusual setae. These two features allow it to be readily differentiated microscopically from other, similar species. Chemical compounds isolated from the species include several steroidal compounds. These may have pharmacological applications, but further research is needed.
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Journal of Industrial Microbiology 2, 59-62. Besides the asexual reproduction mode, under certain conditions (e.g. nutritional stress) Z. bailii produces sexual spores (ascospores) in a sac called ascus (plural: asci). Normally, each ascus contains one to four ascospores, which are generally smooth, thin-walled, spherical or ellipsoidal.
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This species shows sori arranged in anthers. Its spore mass is powdery and brown. The spores are mainly globose, subglobose or ellipsoidal, measuring 6.5–10.5 by 5.5–9.0 μm and being pale coloured. The spore wall is reticulate, presenting 6–8 meshes per spore diameter, the latter being irregularly polygonal.
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Male O. wiegmanni are territorial and can defend their territory against intruders through displays and fights. Females lay between three and five eggs in a nest in the ground between July and January, with a peak between October and January. The eggs are ellipsoidal, measuring . Hatchlings emerge after 57–70 days.
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They are initially spherical, smooth and somewhat hyaline; later they become fusoid to ellipsoidal, brown, and covered in small warts. The generic name Noosia refers to the town Noosa, where the type collection was made, in Noosa National Park; the specific epithet refers to the generic name of the host plant.
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The mucron is broadly funnel shaped with papillae around its rim The gamonts are elongate, with longitudinal striations and with many protrusible filaments emerging from beneath the pellicl The gametocysts have numerous many oocysts The gametes dissimilar: the male gametes not flagellated The oocysts ellipsoidal or ovoid and have 8 sporozoites.
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Older fixtures are described by the width of the lens x focal length of the instrument. For example, a 6x9 ellipsoidal would have a 6" diameter lens and a focal length of 9". 6x9 Instruments have a field angle of approximately 37°. 6x12 instruments have a field angle of approximately 27°.
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Other versions of these transformation formulae include parameters to offset the map coordinates so that all x,y values are positive, as well as a scaling parameter relating the radius of the sphere (earth) to the units used on the map. The formulae used for ellipsoidal datums are more involved.
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Flowering occurs from April to May, shortly after the leaves have started to open. Specifies of pollen production, dissemination and pollination are not known. The sweet, edible nut matures from September to October of the same year and falls between September and December. Its ellipsoidal shell is thick and hard.
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Virola elongata is thin and tall, sometimes tall. The trunk is about in diameter, cylindrical and has smooth brown and gray bark. The fruit is ellipsoidal to subglobular, long, in diameter and comes in groups of 40. The tree is found in evergreen forests and in scrub up to in altitude.
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Haploporus thindii has a dimitic hyphal system (containing both generative and skeletal hyphae), and most of the generative hyphae feature clamp connections. The basidia are barrel shaped, with four sterigmata and a clamp at the base. The spores are ellipsoidal and thick-walled, measuring 20–37 by 6.5–9.1 μm.
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A scoop light. Scoop lights or scoops are circular fixtures that do not have any lenses. They have an ellipsoidal reflector at the back of the fixture that directs the light out of the fixture. Since they do not have any sort of lens system they are cheaper than other fixtures.
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Later it forms an oblong or ellipsoidal ridged or ribbed glabrous fruit that is . It is believed to only regenerate from seed. Grevillea hirtella appears in areas of open heathland and amongst medium or low trees as scattered populations between Mingenew and Walkaway. It grows in sandy or loamy soils.
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Oceanobacillus oncorhynchi is a halotolerant, obligately alkaliphilic bacterium first isolated from the skin of a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), hence its name. It is Gram-positive, rod-shaped and motile by peritrichous flagella and produces ellipsoidal spores. The type strain is R-2(T) (=JCM 12661(T) =NCIMB 14022(T)).
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In nature, the fungus surface is typically found pointing downward, which helps facilitate spore dispersal. It usually grows on dead deciduous wood, often ash and hazel. The spore print is white. Spores are ellipsoidal, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline or pale blue, with dimensions of 7–12 by 4–7 µm.
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Later it forms ribbed or ridges ellipsoidal simple hairy fruit that is long. It will regenerate from seed only. It is similar to Grevillea lissopleura but has districtive red angular branchlets. Grevillea scabrida is found amongst the tall to ow trees in scrubland and will grow in gravelly, loamy or clay soils.
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Paenibacillus macerans is a part of the family Paenibacillaceae which are facultative anaerobes. It is gram-variable, being gram-positive or gram-negative rods. Does not have a capsule and has peritrichous flagella for movement. It does form ellipsoidal, terminal, or subterminal spores which may last in the soil for many years.
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The relations between the above coordinate systems, and also Cartesian coordinates are not presented here. The transformation between geodetic and Cartesian coordinates may be found in Geographic coordinate conversion. The relation of Cartesian and spherical polars is given in Spherical coordinate system. The relation of Cartesian and ellipsoidal coordinates is discussed in Torge.
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QZ Puppis (QZ Pup, b Pup) is a class B2.5V (blue main-sequence) star in the constellation Puppis. Its apparent magnitude is 4.49 and it is approximately 650 light years away based on parallax. It is an ellipsoidal variable, ranging from 4.54 to 4.47 magnitude, with a reported period of 1.1 days.
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Pithomyces chartarum produces spores that are multicellular and darkly pigmented, although they are produced sparsely. The spores can be barrel- shaped, ellipsoidal or club-shaped. Pithomyces chartarum has three vegetative hyphal types: sparsely septate, densely septate, and densely septate with surface spines. The colonies are fast growing and their morphology depends on temperature.
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The 30 to 35 mm long fruit is ellipsoidal and has five prominent wings. The fruit tastes like almonds when mature. Rangoon creeper is found in thickets or secondary forests of the Philippines, India, Pakistan and Malaysia. It has since been cultivated and naturalized in tropical areas such as Burma, Vietnam, and Thailand.
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In constructing a map on any projection, a sphere is normally chosen to model the Earth when the extent of the mapped region exceeds a few hundred kilometers in length in both dimensions. For maps of smaller regions, an ellipsoidal model must be chosen if greater accuracy is required; see next section.
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The fruit is an ellipsoidal, dry capsule with two diverging lobes opening along the abdominal suture. Seeds are numerous, oblong, smooth, glabrous, faceted, almost black, up to 2 mm long. The plant blooms in late spring and early summer before the appearance of young leaves. The seeds ripen in mid or late summer.
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It can grow tall with a trunk diameter to . The curved pod of the mature fruit is reddish-purple and long, carrying 4-6 black and/or white ellipsoidal seeds per pod. Leaves are alternate, bipinnate with 8-16 pairs of leaflets, non- serrated, elliptical, long. leaflets are on average wide by long.
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There was only one piece of jarlet. It had an out-turned rim, a short neck plus an ellipsoidal body. Rim diameter was measured to be 6.8 cm, maximum body width is 10 cm and height is 6.5 cm. Horizontal markings caused by wiping at the rim and neck were identified as well.
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The texture varies from suede-like to floccose in texture. The species also have an olivaceous to black reverse. The conidia from which the hilum extends, are either straight, curved, slightly bent or ellipsoidal to fusiform. and are formed on the top through a pore (poroconidia) on an elongated sympodial angled conidiophore.
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Originally described as Foa albimaculosus in 1976, Ozichthys albimaculosus is included in the clade containing Apogonichthys, Foa, Fowleria, and Neamia. Members of the family Apogonidae are of the suborder Percoidei. Apogonids characteristically have large heads and an ellipsoidal body. Ozichthys shares a number of other similar features with other members of the clade.
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Each pod has a narrowly oblong shape and is mostly flat but raised over the seeds. The pods are in length and wide, they are sticky with resin and have a sweetly aromatic smell. The shiny deep brown seeds within the pods have an obloid-ellipsoidal shape and are in length and wide.
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The fruit bodies have convex caps measuring ; the margins of the cap turn upward in maturity, resulting in a funnel shape. The stem measures long by thick. The distantly spaced gills have an adnate to somewhat decurrent attachment to the stem. Spores are ellipsoidal, measuring 6.7–7.6–8.6 by 5.7–6.3–6.9 μm.
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Photometric observations of gave a monomodal lightcurve with slow rotation period of 30.6 hours, suggesting a rather spherical shape with significant albedo patchiness. An alternative period solution of a bimodal lightcurve is considered less likely. It would double the period and imply an ellipsoidal shape with an axis-ratio of at least 1.58.
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In the Domain Name System, a LOC record (experimental ) is a means for expressing geographic location information for a domain name. It contains WGS84 Latitude, Longitude and Altitude (ellipsoidal height) information together with host/subnet physical size and location accuracy. This information can be queried by other computers connected to the Internet.
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This domain is ellipsoidal in shape, formed by four β-propeller blades and an α-helix. Each blade consists of four antiparallel β-strands arranged around a funnel-like tunnel that contains two calcium and two chloride ions. The hemopexin domain is important to facilitate the cleavage of triple helical interstitial collagens. .
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The cause of the long secondary periods is unknown, but it has been proposed that they are due to interactions with low mass companions in close orbits. The ellipsoidal variations are also thought to be created in binary systems, in this case contact binaries where distorted stars cause strictly periodic variations as they orbit.
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A small ellipsoidal meteorite of 72g was found in summer 1984 by an eight-year-old boy, Christian Couture of Repentigny, Quebec, on a beach to the seaward side of the Presqu'ile de Penouille, a peninsula in the Baie de Gaspé. The site is approximately south of the village of Penouille, historic Comte Gaspe-Est.
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A moving mirror attachment is an ellipsoidal spotlight accessory that allows you to remotely re-position the beam of light, so that a single luminaire in a fixed position can be used for multiple "specials" in dozens of locations. Two of the most prominent models are the Elipscan by Meteor and the Rosco I-Cue.
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It is categorized as an S-type asteroid consisting of mainly of iron- and magnesium-silicates. This the second most common type of asteroid in the main belt. Based on analysis of the light curve, the object has a sidereal rotation period of . An ellipsoidal model of the light curve gives an /b ratio of .
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Stars with sizeable sunspots may show significant variations in brightness as they rotate, and brighter areas of the surface are brought into view. Bright spots also occur at the magnetic poles of magnetic stars. Stars with ellipsoidal shapes may also show changes in brightness as they present varying areas of their surfaces to the observer.
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It is a suspected rotating ellipsoidal variable with a period of 0.64 days and an amplitude of 0.07 magnitude. Confirmation would indicate that this is a close binary system. It has an estimated age of around 57 million years. In Chinese, (), meaning Son, refers to an asterism consisting of λ Columbae and β Columbae.
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All three components of δ Circini A are hot luminous stars. The brightest is an O8 star just beginning to evolve away from the main sequence. It is in a very close orbit with an O9.5 main sequence star. The two stars are deformed into ellipsoidal shapes and eclipse each other every 3.9 days.
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Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal or ovoid glabrous fruit that is long. G. monticola regenerates from seed only. It is found in the Darling Range east of Perth between Pingelly, Beverley and Wandering. It is found in woodland areas with Jarrah and Wandoo and can grow in sandy or loamy soils overlaterite, granite and ironstone.
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The flowers occur in spikes which are 13-28 cm long. The sepals are about 0.1 mm long and hidden beneath hairs. The fruit is ellipsoidal to obovoid and about 2 mm long. It flowers from April to August, and is distinguished from Dampiera cinerea by its dentate leaf margins and its longer flower spikes.
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The juvenile segments in early genera are straight and tubular, with short orthochoanitic septal necks inherited from the Bassleroceratidae. Later in the mature stages of early forms and throughout in the more advanced the connecting rings are inflated with cyrtochoanitic septal necks, giving what can be described as a "beaded" or "ellipsoidal" appearance (Sweet, 1964).
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S. mansonoides eggs resemble the eggs of D. latum, with some specific differences. S. mansonoides eggs measure 57-66 µm by 33-37 µm, which is smaller than the eggs of D. latum. The eggs of S. mansonoides are also ellipsoidal and have a conical, prominent operculum.Ash, L.R. and Orihel, T.C.. Atlas of Human Parasitology.
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Virola multinervia is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is found in Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Venezuela and Brazil (Amazonas, Pará). It grows to a height of about 35m. The fruit is ellipsoidal to ovoidal, 26–40 mm long, 19–32 mm in diameter, and is found in groups of 1 to 7.
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Virola peruviana is a species of tree in the family Myristicaceae. It is found in Brazil (Amazonas, Pará), Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. It grows to a height of about 35 m (100 ft). The fruit is ellipsoidal, 14–24 mm long and 11–23 mm in diameter, forming groups of about 5 to 15.
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Phanerochaete species have membranaceous, crust-like fruit bodies. The hyphal system is monomitic, with simple-septate generative hyphae; single or multiple clamps may be present in the subiculum. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped and smooth. Spores of the genus are thin-walled, inamyloid, hyaline, and have a cylindrical to ellipsoidal shape.
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Grevillea batrachioides is a shrub which typically grows to a height of and has glaucous branchlets. It has pinnate leaves that are long, wide with their edges rolled under. Irregularly shaped pink inflorescence located on a raceme at the end of the branchlets from October to December. A simple brown hairy ellipsoidal, ribbed fruit follows.
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It is a perennial herb or subshrub, erect or decumbent, glabrous, with a stem trailing to 1.5 m. The leaves are narrowly oblanceolate to lanceolate or elliptic, 3–12 cm long, 0.5–2 cm wide. The small white flowers have petals 1.5–2.5 mm long. The seeds are ellipsoidal and about 2 mm long.
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It is a tufted perennial sedge, with erect, biconvex culms, growing to 1–2 m in height. The smooth leaves are mostly basal, 1–1.8 m long and 2–3 cm wide. The inflorescence is much branched and 10–20 cm in length. The fruits are narrowly ellipsoidal-trigonous brown nuts, 2 mm long.
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The teleomorph of U. chartarum is unknown. The colonies can range from velvety to floccose with coloration ranging from olivaceous brown to black. They grow rapidly. Conidia can range from obovoid to short ellipsoidal, with colors of golden brown to blackish brown, roughened with 1–5 oblique or longitudinal septa and 1–5 lateral septa.
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Asexual stage: Pycnidia are rarely observed in nature. They are 70-176 μm in diameter, globose to pear-shaped, and develop superficially or partly submerged. The wall is thin and fragile and is yellow to brown, with a short ostiole. Pycnidiospores are 1.4-3.2 x 1.0-1.6 μm, spherical or ellipsoidal, hyaline, and nonseptate.
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In some species this happens as soon as the fruit is mature; in others, the fruit may be retained on the plant for some time.Nelson (1978): 313. The production of seedless fruit (parthenocarpy) is common, as is seed abortion (stenospermocarpy). When a seed is present, it is white, ellipsoidal, and nearly fills the fruit.
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Their belly is whitish. The tail is ellipsoidal and significantly shorter (35-53% of the body length) than in other members of the genus, but it shows longer and sharper spikes arranged in 9-14 whorls. All scales on the upper side of the tail have spikes. The tail can be used as a defense.
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The spores' shape is slimly ellipsoidal or cylindrical. Their surface is smooth and their walls are thin. Although they are colourless and hyaline, the spores are amyloid, meaning they will turn bluish or purple when stained with Melzer's reagent. This characteristic differs from other very similar species, and this gave the genus its name.
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The florescences are mostly with 4-5 rays. Bracts are ellipsoidal or ovoid oblong, naked - in length from about 2.7 to 5.3, rarely up to 6.5 cm wide and 1.2 to 2.6 (sometimes up to 3.5 cm). Brakteoles below the male flowers are anctast and integral or in 1-3-parts, yellow to lightgreen, hairy.
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Apparently several clutches of one to six eggs are laid by each female. The white eggs are ellipsoidal (29-35 x 23–28 mm) with brittle shells, and hatchlings have carapaces about 28–30 mm long. Mesoclemmys dahli is predominantly carnivorous, feeding on snails, aquatic insects, other aquatic invertebrates, fish, and amphibians; carrion is also eaten.
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M. vanderhaegei may grow to a carapace length of . The ellipsoidal carapace, similar to that of M. gibbus but with a low medial groove, is somewhat serrated with a shallow subcaudal notch, and usually broadest at the 8th marginals and highest on the 3rd vertebral. Some rough striations may occur on the scutes. Vertebrals are broader than long.
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The middle part is an involute glass curtain wall, which is made up of more than 1,200 pieces of ultra-white glass. The ellipsoidal shell surrounds the artificial lake, with a surface area of 35,500 square meters, all channels and entrances located below the water surface. Pedestrians need to enter the performance hall from an 80-meter underwater passage.
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104 A top hat (left) and barn doors (right) used in theatrical lighting. Barn doors are generally not used with "profile" or "ellipsoidal reflector" spotlights because they have internal shutters which work more effectively. Barn doors are not effective at shaping the light of a PAR lights and a narrower lens would be a better way to do this.
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Like the orthographic projection and gnomonic projection, the stereographic projection is an azimuthal projection, and when on a sphere, also a perspective projection. On an ellipsoid, the perspective definition of the stereographic projection is not conformal, and adjustments must be made to preserve its azimuthal and conformal properties. The universal polar stereographic coordinate system uses one such ellipsoidal implementation.
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The flower-heads have a cylindrical to almost spherical shape with bright yellow flowers. The seed pods that form after flowering have a linear shape and a length of up to and a width of around . The pods contain hard, dark brown to black coloured seeds with an ellipsoidal shape that is around in length and wide.
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The Whispering Gallery of St Paul's Cathedral, London A whispering gallery is usually a circular, hemispherical, elliptical or ellipsoidal enclosure, often beneath a dome or a vault, in which whispers can be heard clearly in other parts of the gallery. Such galleries can also be set up using two parabolic dishes. Sometimes the phenomenon is detected in caves.
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G. candidum colonies are thin, spreading, soft, creamy and white in the anamorph state. The fungus G. candidum is characterized by hyphae that appear creeping, mostly submerged and septatee. The hyphae colour appears to be hyaline or lightly pigmented. When the hyphae becomes airborne it changes shape from arthroconidia to cylindrical or barrel-shaped or ellipsoidal.
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For a light source of infinite area, intensity does not decrease at all. Generally, a soft light source does not drop in intensity as quickly as a point light source would (as distance increases). Certain lensed lighting instruments (e.g. ellipsoidal reflector spotlights) have a good deal of "throw" and do not lose much intensity as distance increases.
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Puccinia menthae is an autoecious macrocyclic rust. This species of rust has all 4 of the rust spores; teliospores, basidiospores, aeciospores, and urediospores. Teliospores: Teliospores are produced from May to December on leaves, stems, or rhizomes of mint host. They are ellipsoidal, with slightly projecting caps, slightly constricted at septum and are 22-30 x 17-24 µm.
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Each axillary unbranched inflorescence is long and clustered in heads. It has a free, silvery to rusty coloured perianth and a conical pollen presenter. The thick woody beaked fruit that form after flowering are an ellipsoidal shape in length and across. The fruits contain two obovoid shaped black seeds that are in length with a membranous yellow wing.
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Cylindrical asci are released by oozing. There are eight ascospores which are 1-septate and ellipsoidal to fusiform. Because peritheca have not been observed in the field, it is not thought that ascospores are an important route for infection. The infection is usually carried from tree to tree by the rain, the wind or by bark-feeding insects.
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The male plant's strobilus, or cone, is oblong-ellipsoidal, long, orange in colour and foetid in odour. The female's megasporophylls are about 30 cm long, fleshy, brown and densely hairy, with the fertile area about wide. The seeds are 45 mm long and 30 mm wide, ripening from green to an orange- or reddish- brown colour.
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The seeds themselves are ellipsoidal, smooth, brown and 1.0–1.2 × 0.6–0.7 mm in size. Basel appendages are fibrillate and up to 0.2 mm long. The fruit of L. nivalis is sessile and dry with a persistent and glabrous calyx. The rosette-like whorl of short leaves in Luzula nivalis allows it to easily be distinguished from Luzula confusa.
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Photometric observations show a rotation period of with a brightness variation of 0.20 in magnitude. Using a tri-axial ellipsoidal model derived from light curve data, the overall shape of the asteroid is estimated to be a/b = 1.24 ± 0.12 and b/c = 1.83 ± 0.10, where a/b/c are the three axes of an ellipsoid.
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The young stems of the vine are covered with fine hairs. The glossy, elliptical leaves are 4–9 cm long and 1.5–3 cm wide. The plant flowers throughout the year; the terminal or axillary inflorescences comprise clusters of orange to reddish- brown, sometimes yellowish, small honey-scented flowers. The ribbed, flattened, ellipsoidal seeds are 1.5 cm long.
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The Natatorium is an ellipsoidal, above-ground structure constructed of reinforced concrete with a rubble-stone facade. The entrance is on one end through two pairs of metal doors, flanked by plaques which read "DESIGN SUPERVISED BY W. BINTZ, CITY ENGINEER, SWIMMING POOL DESIGNS, 1922" on one side and "J.H. MOORES MEMORIAL NATATORIUM. A.D. 1922" on the other.
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The greyish-brown coloured pods are flat and constricted between seeds and straight to shallowly curved. The glossy to mottled seeds within the pods are longitudinally arranged. the seeds have an obloidal to ellipsoidal or discoidal shape with a length of and a width of with a conical white coloured aril. It is closely related to Acacia isoneura.
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The leaves are simple, alternate, and elliptic in shape. When the tree flowers, the flowers are greenish to creamy white in colour although they have been seen to be sometimes tinged pink or red. The sourplum fruit itself is ellipsoidal in shape. The skin is smooth and starts green, and then ripens to an orange or red.
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Orbiliaceae do not have stromata, dense structural tissue that produces fruit bodies. They have small disc-shaped apothecia, that are typically convex, brightly colored or translucent. Their ascospores are small (typically less than 10 x 1 μm), hyaline, and have an oval or ellipsoidal shape. Species are usually found in wood on both wet and dry habitats.
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Flowering occurs from April to August and the flowers are white or cream-coloured. The fruit is a woody, elongated barrel- shaped capsule long and wide on a pedicel long with the four valves enclosed in the fruit. The seeds are brown, ellipsoidal and long with a wing on the end. This species is distinguished from C. clarksoniana.
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Loeblich and Tappan, 1964, in the Treatise, included the Verbeekininae (=Verbeekinidae, sensu 1988) and Neoschwagerininae (= Neoschwagerinidae sensu 1988) in the Verbeekinidae as then perceived. Defined the Verbeekinidae as having a shell of medium size, spherical, ellipsoidal to elongate ellipsoidal, or distinctly fusiform, with close spaced foramina along the base of all septa; spirotheca (outer wall) composed of tectum and keriotheca in early members but in later genera may consist of a single homogenous layer. The Verbeekinidae (1964) can be equated with the Neoschagerinidae of Cushman, 1950 The Verbeekinidae and Neoschwagerinidae, as now perceived, are set apart from earlier fusulinaceans, e.g. Fusuninidae and Schwagerinidae, by straight, unfluted or uncorregated, septa and by the presence of "I-beam" like transverse and axial septula that hang from the spirotheca, partially subdividing the chambers.
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The followspot yoke is an oversized replacement yoke intended to allow an ellipsoidal reflector spot to be installed into a followspot stand and be used as a small, short throw followspot. Generally these yokes allow a much wider range of tilt than a conventional yoke, and have had the hole for a c-clamp bolt replaced with a spigot for a spot stand.
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Observation of the asteroid light curve indicates it is rotating with a period of . During this interval, the magnitude varies by an amplitude of 0.12 ± 0.02. By combining the results of multiple light curves, the approximate ellipsoidal shape of the object can be estimated. It appears to be slightly elongated, being about 28.2% longer along one axis compared to the other two.
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It blooms between August and December and produces an axillary or terminal raceme irregular inflorescence with white flowers with white styles. Later it forms rugose, oblong or ellipsoidal, glabrous fruit that are long. The plant regenerates from seed only. It is similar to Grevillea intricata, which has the distinguishing features of having non-glaucous branchlets and an erect pollen-presenter.
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Next in line is DU Cru, an M2 red supergiant that varies irregularly between magnitude 7.1 and 7.6. The last of the four is CC Cru, a magnitude 7.83 B2 giant and ellipsoidal variable. Each leg of the base of the asterism's outline is marked by a blue supergiant star. HD 111990 (HIP 62953) is magnitude 6.77 and B1/2.
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The carpometacarpal joints of second through fifth digits are arthrodial. The movements permitted in the second through fifth carpometacarpal joints most readily observable in the (distal) heads of the metacarpal bones. The range of motions in these joints decrease from the fifth to the second CMCs. The second to fifth joints are synovial ellipsoidal joints with a nominal degree of freedom (flexion/extension).
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Seed: The seed is 1.5 cm long, smooth, brown, and enclosed in a succulent aril which has an acidic taste, and contains 25-38% oil and up to 22% protein. It is irregular or ellipsoidal in shape, slightly compressed, and has a thick brown seed coat on its surface. The moisture in the dried seed should be maintained around 4-6%.
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The ascospores are single-celled, bipolar symmetrical, and usually bilaterally symmetrical, ranging from roughly spherical to ellipsoidal to occasionally fusoid. The ascospores of some species develop surface ornamentations such as warts, ridges, or spines. The tissues of the ascomata are fleshy and often fragile. Although the majority of species are known only in the teleomorphic state, the anamorphs of some species are known.
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Grevillea muelleri is a shrub that typically grows to a height of and has non-glaucous branchlets. It has simple flat elliptic tripartite leaves with a blade that is in length. It blooms from April to September and produces a terminal raceme irregular inflorescence with white or cream flowers. Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal or oblong glabrous fruit that is long.
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"Klieglight", however, reappears on pages 42–45 of Catalog 40 of 1936 as the name of their new line of ellipsoidal reflector incandescent spotlights, and this usage continued as long as the company was in existence. Oddly enough, the company apparently did not attempt to trademark the name, although there was a filing for a logo that was never carried through.
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Monocytes are amoeboid in appearance, and have nongranulated cytoplasm., thus are classified as agranulocytes. Containing unilobar nuclei, these cells are one of the types of mononuclear leukocytes which shelter azurophil granules. The archetypal geometry of the monocyte nucleus is ellipsoidal; metaphorically bean-shaped or kidney-shaped, although the most significant distinction is that the nuclear envelope should not be hyperbolically furcated into lobes.
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In mathematics, a Lamé function, or ellipsoidal harmonic function, is a solution of Lamé's equation, a second-order ordinary differential equation. It was introduced in the paper . Lamé's equation appears in the method of separation of variables applied to the Laplace equation in elliptic coordinates. In some special cases solutions can be expressed in terms of polynomials called Lamé polynomials.
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Ida Facula and Lyctos Facula are on the left side (on the terminator). Bright spot underside is associated with crater Gaea. Photo by Galileo (2000) Processed Galileo image of Amalthea to show surface features Amalthea is irregularly shaped, with the best ellipsoidal approximation being . From this, Amalthea's surface area is likely between 88,000 and 170,000 square kilometers, or somewhere near 130,000.
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The sclerotium ranges in shape from roughly spherical to almond-shaped to irregular, and its surface is often wrinkled and pitted. The mushroom has no distinctive odor or taste, and its edibility is unknown. In deposit, the spore color is white. The spores are smooth, ellipsoidal to tear-shaped, hyaline (translucent), not amyloid, and measure 3.9–5.2 by 2.6–3.3 μm.
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The simple axillary inflorescences are solitary and have small spherical yellow flower-heads. The smooth, brown and linear shaped seed pods that form after flowering can be straight or curved and have a length of up to and a width of . The hard, black seeds found within the pods have an ellipsoidal shape with a length of and a width of .
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Cysts are small, with a spherical to ellipsoidal shape. Mature cysts contain four nuclei; immature cysts are rarely seen. These cysts measure 5–10 um, with a usual range of 6–8 um. In stained preparations, the nucleus has a distinct karyosome that, while not as large as that seen in the trophozoite, is still larger than the karyosome of the Entamoeba species.
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There may be male and female flowers on different inflorescences, they may alternate along the same branches, in some cases the female flowers are proximal while the male's are distal, some are hermaphroditic and others are simply, but rarely, dioecious. Developing from one carpel, the fruit matures to red in color, may be ellipsoidal, laterally flattened or disciform, and contains one seed.
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The blooming time ranges from December until February or March. The ellipsoidal to roundish fruit is a multiple fruit formed from the fusion of the ovaries of multiple flowers. The fruits grow on a long and thick stem on the trunk. They vary in size and ripen from an initially yellowish-greenish to yellow, and then at maturity to yellowish-brown.
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It is a shrub or small tree growing to 4 m in height. The elliptic-ovate to narrowly elliptic leaves are 20–60 mm long, 13–25 mm wide, with a slightly foetid odour when bruised. The small green flowers are 8 mm long.. The ellipsoidal, reddish-orange fruits are 10 mm long. The flowering season is from May to July.
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Kliegl Brothers logo from the 1922 catalog A Klieg light is an intense carbon arc lamp especially used in filmmaking. It is named after inventor John Kliegl and his brother Anton Kliegl. Klieg lights usually have a Fresnel lens with a spherical reflector or an ellipsoidal reflector with a lens train containing two plano-convex lenses or a single step lens.
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The heaviest production of aeciospores occurs during March and April. The incubation period required to produce urediospores varies around 15 days in greenhouse conditions and in field conditions the incubation period was longer with more variability. Initial spread of aeciospores is limited to a few feet. Aeciospores produce urediospores. Urediospores: Urediospores are ellipsoidal or obovoidal, 22-26 x 18-22 µm.
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Projection construction is also affected by how the shape of the Earth or planetary body is approximated. In the following section on projection categories, the earth is taken as a sphere in order to simplify the discussion. However, the Earth's actual shape is closer to an oblate ellipsoid. Whether spherical or ellipsoidal, the principles discussed hold without loss of generality.
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Clairaut, Euler, Laplace, Legendre, Poisson and Gauss. Maclaurin showed that an oblate spheroid was a possible equilibrium in Newton's theory of gravity. The subject continues to be of scientific interest, and Nobel Laureate Subramanyan Chandrasekhar dedicated a chapter of his book Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium to Maclaurin spheroids. Independently from Euler and using the same methods, Maclaurin discovered the Euler–Maclaurin formula.
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Anthopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Dermateaceae containing 3 species. Colony characteristics. Colonies (PDA) growing slowly, velvety to lanose, olivaceous-grey to mouse grey; reverse black. Microscopy. Phialides ovoidal, ellipsoidal, subspherical, or ampulliform, 5-8 x 2-3 µm, forming compact lateral clusters on undifferentiated hyphae; generally the distinctive collarette is located at the base of the phialide.
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The bracts are leafy and the flower stalk is up to 6.5 cm long. The sepals are triangular and free (or join only at the base). The blue to white corolla is 13–32 mm long, with hairs on the outside, and bearded inside. The fruit is ellipsoidal is 4–8 mm long, is hairy, has striations, and tubercles (small wart-like outgrowths).
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It blooms in winter and spring from July to September and produces yellow flowers. Two simple inflorescences are found per axil, the flower heads have a subglobular to ellipsoidal shape and contain 15 to 24 flowers. Each flower head is and has a diameter of . Following flowering linear coiled seed pods form that are up to a length of and wide.
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This is a list of species in the foliose lichen genus Xanthoparmelia. It is the most speciose lichen genus, containing an estimated 822 species as of 2020. The key characteristics of Xanthoparmelia include the cell walls containing Xanthoparmelia-type lichenan, the pored epicortex, margins without cilia, simple rhizines, small, ellipsoidal spores and bifusiform or rarely weakly fusiform or bacilliform conidia.
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Later it forms an ovoid or ellipsoidal ridged or ribbed glabrous fruit that is . It occurs in the central western area of Western Australia in several locales including, Cue, Meekatharra and north east of Sandstone. G. inconspicua is found in sparse or open shrub communities often along drainage lines and gullies. It grows well in red clay and loam over green stone.
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The ascospores mature successively on the tissue at the bottom of the locule. The ascospores are ellipsoidal, hyaline (translucent), and measure 16.5–21 by 4-5–65 μm. The spores have three speta, and are strongly constricted at these septa. They are enclosed by a gelatinous sheath that swells strongly in water after the membrane around the outer covering of the spore bursts.
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The flower-spikes have a length of with light golden flowers. The light grey-brown sub-woody seed pods that form after flowering have a broad-linear shape and a length of and a width of . The pods are shallowly curved, glabrous and resinous with a visible marginal nerve. The shiny brown seeds are arranged longitudinally and have an obloid to ellipsoidal shape.
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Introduced as an alternative to a colour scroller, High End System's colourmerge unit was an add-on dichroic colour changer. It was a colour mixing unit made to be used with the ETC Source Four ellipsoidal fixture. Unlike a traditional colour scroller, it was installed inside the unit between the reflector assembly and shutters. It provided CMY colour mixing via dichroic glass plates.
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2:1 Semi- Ellipsoidal dished heads are deeper and stronger than the more popular torispherical dished heads. The greater depth results in the head being more difficult to form, and this makes them more expensive to manufacture. However, the cost is offset by a potential reduction in the specified thickness due to the dished head having greater overall strength and resistance to pressure.
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This is a torispherical head also named Semi ellipsoidal head (According to DIN 28013). The radius of the dish is 80% of the diameter of the cylinder (r_1=0.8\times Do). The radius of the knuckle is (r_2=0.154\times Do). :Also other sizes are h \ge3\times t, rest of height (h_2) h_2=0.255\times Do-0.635\times t.
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The ascospores have ellipsoidal to roughly cylindrical shapes, usually with blunt ends, and measure 19–22 by 10–12 µm. They have smooth surfaces and usually contain two large oil drops. The paraphyses (sterile, filamentous hyphae present in the hymenium) are cylindrical, 2–3 µm thick, barely enlarged at their apices, straight, and mostly unbranched above. They may sometimes anastomose, but do not form a conspicuous network.
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They display an ellipsoidal variation of 0.03 in magnitude. The two stars are rotating rapidly, with projected rotational velocities of 108 and 87 km/s respectively. Their orbital period is 1.57 days and they are separated by an estimated distance of only 15 solar radii along a circular orbit. The primary is orbited by a smaller, more distant companion (B), which has an apparent magnitude of +12.2.
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Sometimes, there are short white hairs at the bottom of the stipe, although their presence is variable. The mushroom has no distinctive odor. Spores are roughly ellipsoidal in shape with a Q ratio (the fraction of length/width) of 1.6, and dimensions of 9.4–15.4 by 6.2–9.0 μm. They have a small, oblique apiculus, lack oil droplets, and are smooth with thin walls, and hyaline (translucent).
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The system shows both optical and x-ray variability. Although no eclipses are observed, the x-ray luminosity varies during the orbit with large x-ray flares being observed during periastron passages. The system is an optical variable showing brightness changes of up to 0.08 magnitudes at visible wavelengths. These have been attributed to ellipsoidal variations as the hypergiant rotates and to α Cygni variability.
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Rosette and lower pitchers vary widely in morphology, ranging from ellipsoidal to urceolate or entirely ovate. They are relatively large, growing to 28 cm in height by 16 cm in width. A pair of wings (≤10 mm wide), with fringe elements up to 9 mm long, runs down the ventral surface of the pitcher cup. The peristome is approximately cylindrical and up to 2 cm wide.
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The inflorescences are branched to three orders with both male and female flowers, some of which are beetle-pollinated.Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press. / The fruit may be ellipsoidal or spherical and colored yellow, orange, red, purple, or black when ripe, each with a single seed.
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The Virola pavonis tree bears an ellipsoidal fruit, 36–42 mm long and 30–34 mm in diameter. The fruit appears to be nut like, with an outer shell with a reddish colored fruit inside. Before the fruit gets to this stage, it is a green unripe nut like in appearance. The Virola pavonis also is a flowing tree, having small reddish yellow flowering bud.
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It has thin sharply pointed, linear leaves approximately 12–25 mm long and 1-1.5 mm wide. The leaves have a downy underside, with thick margins that are in-rolled. The leaves are quite rigid and are slightly clustered. The fruit is 12–17 mm long and is in the shape of a glabrous obovoid-ellipsoidal follicle that is tapered to a style base.
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Azomonas agilis is a species of motile, Gram-negative bacteria found in water and is capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. It is the type strain for the genus Azomonas. A. agilis resembles protists with its ovoid, ellipsoidal, or coccoid cells. The cells are relatively large, usually 2.5-6.4 μm long and 2.0-2.8 μm wide, though giant cells that are 10.0-13.5 μm have been described.
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HD 34626, also known as MZ Aurigae, is an unusual variable star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It varies in brightness by 0.1 magnitude over time scales of 8 to 12 hours, but these variations are not periodic. This indicates the variability is not caused by ellipsoidal effects, and the nature of the variability remains unknown. It is a Be star and is rotating rapidly.
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Larissa, about 200 km in diameter, is elongated. Proteus is not significantly elongated, but not fully spherical either: it resembles an irregular polyhedron, with several flat or slightly concave facets 150 to 250 km in diameter. At about 400 km in diameter, it is larger than the Saturnian moon Mimas, which is fully ellipsoidal. This difference may be due to a past collisional disruption of Proteus.
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Since Fresnels cannot use internal shutters, such as those found in an ellipsoidal spotlight, they are often fitted with distinctive barn doors to control the spill and shape the beam of light. These are large metal flaps that may be mounted just beyond the color slot at the front of the lantern. They are colloquially known as "Harris Flaps" in the United Kingdom theatre industry.
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The other three ellipsoidal moons were discovered in 1851 by William Lassell (Ariel and Umbriel) and in 1948 by Gerard Kuiper (Miranda). These five have planetary mass, and so would be considered (dwarf) planets if they were in direct orbit about the Sun. The remaining moons were discovered after 1985, either during the Voyager 2 flyby mission or with the aid of advanced Earth- based telescopes.
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Exserohilum was circumscribed by K. Leonard and Edna Suggs in 1974 to contain species formerly placed in Bipolaris with distinctly protruding hila. Exsero which means stretch out and hilum which refers to the part of the organism. The truncate hila or hilum, protrudes from its distinct conidia which are ellipsoidal and distoseptate (forming a layer). Colonies of Exserohilum range from the color grey to blackish-brown.
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Lemon meringue pie This is a list of lemon dishes and drinks, in which lemon is used as a primary ingredient. Lemon is a small evergreen tree native to Asia, and the tree's ellipsoidal yellow fruit. The fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary purposes throughout the world, primarily for its juice, though the pulp and rind (zest) are also used in cooking and baking.
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Hakea mitchellii is a dense rounded medium to large shrub between high and wide and does not form a lignotuber. Leaves vary from terete, linear to ovate are long and wide. Profuse showy white or cream flowers appear in racemes in the leaf axils between October and January in the species' native range. Ellipsoidal to ovoid shaped fruit long by wide tapering to a small beak.
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The range for a amongst the possible choices is about 35 km, but for small scale (large region) applications this variation may be ignored, and mean values of 6,371 km and 40,030 km may be taken for the radius and circumference respectively. These are the values used for numerical examples in later sections. Only high- accuracy cartography on large scale maps requires an ellipsoidal model.
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The fruit body lacks a stipe, having a sessile attachment to the substrate. The fruit body has no distinctive taste or odor. The thin-walled spores are somewhat fusoid (spindle-shaped) to elongated ellipsoidal in shape, smooth, hyaline (translucent), and measure 12–14.5 by 4–4.8 μm. The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped, four-spored, and clamped, measuring 24–28 by 7–9 μm.
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The reference location, where the potential is zero, is by convention infinitely far away from any mass, resulting in a negative potential at any finite distance. In mathematics, the gravitational potential is also known as the Newtonian potential and is fundamental in the study of potential theory. It may also be used for solving the electrostatic and magnetostatic fields generated by uniformly charged or polarized ellipsoidal bodies.
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The two stars in the system are orbiting so close to each other that they retain an ellipsoidal shape. The spectrum of the two stars hasn't been separated yet; as a whole, the system has a spectral type F2V. The physical parameters of the stars (like mass, radius, and temperature) can be inferred from the light curve. BX Andromedae, however, may be a quadruple system.
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7, ., or Ronald Miller's \varphi_1=(37.5, 43.5, 50.5) , the projection can portray particular latitudes of interest at true scale. While a projection with equally spaced parallels is possible for an ellipsoidal model, it would no longer be equidistant because the distance between parallels on an ellipsoid is not constant. More complex formulae can be used to create an equidistant map whose parallels reflect the true spacing.
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The plant grows as a dense shrub up to 1.5 m in height. The leaves are small (5–12 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm wide) and crowded on the stems. The flowers have 20–30 ray florets, 8 mm long, white with purple tips; there are about 40 disc florets, 4 mm long and purplish. The fruit is brown and ellipsoidal, 3 mm long.
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"A report of unpublished analytic formulae involving incomplete elliptic integrals obtained by E. H. Thompson in 1945". The article may be purchased from University of Toronto . At the present time (2010) it is necessary to purchase several units in order to obtain the relevant pages: pp 1-14, 92-101 and 107-114\. DOI: 10.3138/X687-1574-4325-WM62 showed that the ellipsoidal projection is finite (below).
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Inside the ascus, spores are arranged densely and without organization. When mature, they are brown in colour, ellipsoidal in shape, and are coated in a clear hyaline covering. The spores possess a primary appendage at the distal end, and a secondary appendage at the apex. The secondary appendage, a feature which is commonly seen in coprophilous fungi, is thought to help with attachment to plant material.
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The SeaChanger Color Engine is designed to fit between the reflector assembly and lens barrel of a Source Four ellipsoidal, replacing the gobo slot and accessory slot. It is designed to be installed without tools. The unit is available in profile and wash versions. The profile model uses the lens barrel and reflector assembly of a Source Four, while the wash model uses only the reflector assembly.
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Spores are thin-walled, smooth, and ellipsoidal or oval in shape. Viewed with a microscope, they appear translucent (hyaline), and stain red or blue with Melzer's reagent (inamyloid). Their dimensions are typically 7–10 by 5–7 µm; the spores contain a single large oil droplet. The spore-bearing cells, the basidia, are club-shaped, two- to four-spored, and 25–30 by 5–7 µm.
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A large number of petrified tree trunks of A. mirabilis are found still standing in the Cerro Cuadrado Petrified Forest. Preserved in volcanic ash, some of the specimens measure in diameter and were at least in height when alive. The trees were preserved just as the cones had finished maturing. Petrified Araucaria mirabilis cones The cones are spherical, ovoid to ellipsoidal in shape, with a wide axis.
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This fungus has a greater number of conidia growth on CYA than MEA. The conidia are smooth-walled and approximately 2.5 μm to 3.0 μm in diameter. These conidia begin in an ellipsoidal shape when young, and later change to a globose or subglobose shape. P. verrucosum possesses conidiophores which are usually two-stage branched (sometimes three-stage branched), giving it a brush-like appearance.
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The branched inflorescence grows beneath the leaf crown, circling the trunk, producing tiny branches of male and female flowers. The male flowers have three sepals, three petals and six stamens, with three petals, three sepals, and three staminodes in the females. The ovoid fruit ripen to a bright red color, containing one ellipsoidal seed.Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms.
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Later it forms an smooth oblong or ellipsoidal hairy fruit that is . The shrub mostly regenerates from seed but in some populations by lignotuber. If is found among medium to low sized trees in scrubland or heathland and will grow in loamy, sandy or gravelly soils. Found as far north as Badgingarra to Busselton in the south it is commonly found on the Darling Range.
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Growing obliquely form the apex of a phialide are long chains of conidia (singular conidium). Like phialides, they have a smooth surface and are ellipsoidal to fusiform in shape. Their apex is sharply pointed and round at the base, on average 5.3 x 2.7 µm and reaches a maximum of 9.0 x 4.0 µm in width. The two varieties of Mariannaea elegans, M. elegans var.
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The asci have walls composed of two to four layers of flattened cells which in total amount to 4–6 μm in thickness. There are eight ascospores contained within each ascus in A. fulvescens colonies. The ellipsoidal ascospores are a light brown colour and are either lens shaped or disc shaped. They can be as large as 5 x 3.5 μm and have notably rough walls.
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The mushroom flesh has an odor that ranges from indistinct to somewhat of geraniums, while its taste is indistinct to faintly bitter. The edibility of the mushroom is unknown. Spores The spore print is pale purplish brown. Spores are ovoid (egg-shaped) to somewhat ellipsoidal, binucleate (visible when stained with acetocarmine solution), often contain a single oil droplet, and measure 6–8.5 by 4–5.5 µm.
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Helena (minor planet designation: 101 Helena) is a rocky main-belt asteroid. It was discovered by Canadian-American astronomer J. C. Watson on August 15, 1868, and was named after Helen of Troy in Greek mythology. Radar observations were made of this object on Oct 7 and 19, 2001 from the Arecibo Observatory. Analysis of the data gave an estimated ellipsoidal diameter of 71×63×63 ± 16% km.
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These stars rotate extremely fast (~100 km/s at the equator); hence they are ellipsoidal in shape. They are (apparently) single giant stars with spectral types G and K and show strong chromospheric emission lines. Examples are FK Com, HD 199178 and UZ Lib. A possible explanation for the rapid rotation of FK Comae stars is that they are the result of the merger of a (contact) binary.
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The fruit bodies (basidiocarps) are pale, with a smooth greyish-brown top surface, while the creamy white underside has hundreds of pores that contain the spores. The fruit body has a rubbery texture, becoming corky with age. Wood decayed by the fungus, and cultures of its mycelium, often smell distinctly of green apples. The spores are cylindrical to ellipsoidal in shape, and measure 3–6 by 1.5–2 μm.
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Later it forms rugose ellipsoidal fruit that are long. It regenerates from seed only. It can be confused with Grevillea teretifolia which has a shorter floral rachis and longer pistils. Grevillea leptopoda is found in the Mid West and the Wheatbelt regions from Kalbarri south to Moora growing among medium to low trees in tall shrubland, mallee or heathland It will grow in rocky, stony or sandy lateritic soils.
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The brighter component is a close eclipsing binary (specifically, a rotating ellipsoidal variable), with a minor dip of magnitude (0.1). Both are hot blue stars of spectral types O7III-V and O9.5V, respectively, and are estimated to have around 22 and 12 times the Sun's mass. Over 3600 light-years away, this system would outshine Venus at magnitude −4.8 if it were 32 light- years (10 parsecs) distant.
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Young specimens give off a pleasant smell, but when mature they give off an unpleasant smell reminiscent of kitchen gas. The flavor is described by some as garlicky, by others as similar to hazelnuts. Seen through a microscope, the spores have an ellipsoidal to rounded shape, measuring 35-55 x 25-40 microns, and are brown in colour. The ascii are rather rounded and contain 1 to 4 spores.
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The erect and straggly evergreen shrub typically grows to a height of and has terete non-glaucous branchlets. It has simple spiny dissected tripartite shallowly divided mid green leaves with a blade that is long. It blooms in August or September and produces an axillary raceme regular inflorescence with white or cream flowers with white or cream styles. Later it forms rugose oblong or ellipsoidal and glabrous fruit that is long.
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The geodetic latitude, or any of the auxiliary latitudes defined on the reference ellipsoid, constitutes with longitude a two-dimensional coordinate system on that ellipsoid. To define the position of an arbitrary point it is necessary to extend such a coordinate system into three dimensions. Three latitudes are used in this way: the geodetic, geocentric and parametric latitudes are used in geodetic coordinates, spherical polar coordinates and ellipsoidal coordinates respectively.
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Psittacanthus cucullaris is a hemiparasite. The young stems grow upright, while adult stems are pendulous. In cross-section the young stems are ellipsoidal to circular and about 0.5–1 cm in diameter and 6–8 cm long, while adult branches have a circular cross-section which is up to 2 cm in diameter. The opposite and decurrent leaves are leathery and 15–20 cm long by 5–7 cm wide.
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The puff is about 1 cm in diameter, and consists of staminate male flowers and pistillate female flowers, without perianths, which obscure the view of the receptacle. The flowers protrude from the open apex of an urn-shaped receptacle which is about 1.5 cm long. The fig-like fruit, embedded in the fleshy receptacles, are some 2 cm long. They are ellipsoidal in shape and hold a nutlet each.
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Interior of the museum The museum, which opened in 2004, was designed by the architect, Rufino Uribelarrea. The building has many special features, particularly the roof, which is in the form of a "fingerprint counter mould kittiwake, feature of the dinosaurs". The building itself is shaped in the form of a giant tridactyl dinosaur footprint. Three ellipsoidal vaults intersect to form the deck space which is a large, open area of .
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Mesene is a genus in the butterfly family Riodinidae present in the Neotropical realm. Except the totally scarlet species of this genus the species exhibit many local forms. The males have triangular, pointed, brightly coloured forewings and small ellipsoidal hindwings. In the wing veins the species exhibit great conformity, the second subcostal vein, the upper median vein in the forewing as well as in the hindwing rise before the cell-end.
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The worst-case computational complexity of Khachiyan's ellipsoidal algorithm is a polynomial. The criss-cross algorithm has exponential complexity. The time complexity of an algorithm counts the number of arithmetic operations sufficient for the algorithm to solve the problem. For example, Gaussian elimination requires on the order of D3 operations, and so it is said to have polynomial time-complexity, because its complexity is bounded by a cubic polynomial.
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They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine has the form of an oblong, tentiform blotch-mine placed on the space between two lateral veins of the lower side of the leaf. The lower epidermis of the mining part is strongly contracted by silken threads, with a longitudinal wrinkle as in most species of Phyllonorycter. Pupation takes place within a whitish, ellipsoidal cocoon, which is placed inside the mine.
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Ascospores are ellipsoidal, and measure 4–5 by 3–4 μm. The fungus produces several secondary metabolites: andrastin A, mycophenolic acid, patulin, and roquefortine C. A chemically uncharacterized compound isolated from the fungus has been given the tentative name "fumu". The metabolite profile of P. psychrosexualis is similar to that of P. carneum, but the latter species lacks "fumu" while producing cyclopaldic acid, isofumigaclavine A, and penitrem A.
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The pitchers of N. mapuluensis are ellipsoidal in shape. They grow to 21 cm in height and 8.5 cm in diameter. The pitchers possess two fringed wings up to 10 mm wide. The peristome of this species is moderately developed and is folded or wavy as in the closely related N. northiana. The peristome may be up to 12 mm wide and bears a row of distinct, but not pronounced, teeth.
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On the site they have discovered dugouts ellipsoidal and round shape, with a diameter between 2 and 6 meters, as well as several tombs with the deceased in a fetal position. Inside of the dugouts they have discovered masonry. From the movable material they have discovered stone and bone weapons, ceramics painted with geometric ornamentation, colored with white, red and black, as well as anthropomorphique figurine made out of terracotta.
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Volvulina is a genus of colonial green algae in the family Volvocaceae.See the NCBI webpage on Volvulina. Data extracted from the The colony (coenobium) is broadly ellipsoidal or spherical and consists of a fixed number of cells, usually 16 in mature individuals (rarely 4, 8 or 32). The cells are located at periphery of the coenobium and separated from each other by being embedded in a swollen sack.
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The flesh ranges from firm to fragile: in the stipe, it is soft and pale pinkish buff; under the cap cuticle it is brick colored, or brownish-red just above the gills. Its taste ranges from mild to slightly bitter, and it lacks any significant odor.Heilmann-Clausen, Verbeken, and Vesterhold (2000), pp. 146–7. The spores are roughly spherical to ellipsoidal, measuring 7.9–9.5 by 8.0–8.8 µm.
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Most species in the Physalacriaceae form fruit bodies with caps and stipes. They have a monomitic hyphal system (wherein only generative hypha are produced), and clamp connections are present in the hyphae. Basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped with two to four sterigmata. The basidiospores generally have ellipsoidal, spindle-like (fusiform), cylindrical, or tear-drop (lacrimiform) shapes; they are thin-walled, hyaline, and do not react with Melzer's reagent.
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Radiometric observations at Arecibo Observatory revealed that Sigurd is a contact binary, composed of two lobes in contact with each other. The more or less ellipsoidal lobes are elongated and joined on their long axis. The body has an axial tilt of 50° to 130°. The observing astronomers also note, that more than 10% of all larger (> 200 meters) near-Earth objects observed by radar are such contact binaries.
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Flower buds and leaves of a jackfruit tree Jackfruit tree with fruits Jack fruits in Kerala The inflorescences are formed on the trunk, branches or twigs (caulifloria). Jackfruit trees are monoecious, having both female and male flowers on a tree. The inflorescences are pedunculated, cylindrical to ellipsoidal or pear-shaped, to about long and wide. Inflorescences are initially completely enveloped in egg-shaped cover sheets which rapidly slough off.
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An inclusion in a linear elastic body. The stiffness tensor of the body is C0 and that of the inclusion is Ci. When the body and the inclusion have different elastic properties the inclusion is called an inhomogeneity. A transformation strain changes the shape and size of the inclusion. In continuum mechanics, Eshelby's inclusion problem refers to a set of problems involving ellipsoidal elastic inclusions in an infinite elastic body.
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The louvar or luvar (Luvarus imperialis) is a species of perciform fish, the only extant species in the genus Luvarus and family Luvaridae. It is closely related to the surgeonfish. The juvenile form has a pair of spines near the base of the tail, like the surgeonfish, though they are lost in the adult. It is a large, ellipsoidal fish, growing to long, though most do not exceed .
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Early attempts to determine wildfire behavior assumed terrain and vegetation uniformity. However, the exact behavior of a wildfire's front is dependent on a variety of factors, including wind speed and slope steepness. Modern growth models utilize a combination of past ellipsoidal descriptions and Huygens' Principle to simulate fire growth as a continuously expanding polygon.G.D. Richards, "An Elliptical Growth Model of Forest Fire Fronts and Its Numerical Solution", Int.
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Depending on their surface, they are classified as bread-crust, discoidal and ellipsoidal in shape. Volcanic bombs are found in a large numbers on the slopes of volcanoes (Aragats, Arailer) and on the slag cones of the Geghama, Vardenic and Syunik highlands. Besides the fusiform bombs one can see twisted along bodies withdrawn-off edges, sometimes having an open longitudinal fracture, as well as lemon-like and spherical ones.
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The use of reinforced concrete, a new material at that time, allowed an original construction in a style influenced by Art Deco. Eight ellipsoidal domes support three larger ovoid domes. In the interior, these three large domes are only supported by four pillars, which allows an astonishing interior volume with high vaults. The angular form of the steeple is in opposition with the strong curves of the domes.
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According to Weske et al., based on a single individual bird, the Sira curassow is very similar morphologically to the horned curassow, however the casque is less erect and more rounded (ellipsoidal instead of elongated cone). Additionally the outer tail feathers have narrower white tips and the four central tail feather completely lack white colouring, although this last characteristic appears to be very variable and perhaps not diagnostic.
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Colonies of K. marxianus are cream to brown in colour with the occasional pink pigmentation due to production of the iron chelate pigment, pulcherrimin. When grown on Wickerham's Yeast-Mold (YM) agar, the yeast cells appear globose, ellipsoidal or cylindrical, 2–6 x 3–11 μm in size. In a glucose-yeast extract broth, K. marxianus grows to produce a ring composed of sediment. A thin pellicle may be formed.
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Conidiophores are short and either erect and ascending, or contorted into various shapes. In addition, they are often bifurcated near the apex at sharp angles. Ulocladium botrytis conidiophores are typically light golden brown in color and smooth, with a length of up to 100 µm and a thickness of around 3-5 µm. The conidia themselves are typically ellipsoidal or obovoid in shape; spheroidal conidia are uncommon in this species.
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Nearby non-eclipsing binaries can also be photometrically detected by observing how the stars affect each other in three ways. The first is by observing extra light which the stars reflect from their companion. Second is by observing ellipsoidal light variations which are caused by deformation of the star's shape by their companions. The third method is by looking at how relativistic beaming affects the apparent magnitude of the stars.
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The ellipsoidal form of the transverse Mercator projection was developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1825Gauss, Karl Friedrich, 1825. "Allgemeine Auflösung der Aufgabe: die Theile einer gegebnen Fläche auf einer andern gegebnen Fläche so abzubilden, daß die Abbildung dem Abgebildeten in den kleinsten Theilen ähnlich wird" Preisarbeit der Kopenhagener Akademie 1822. Schumacher Astronomische Abhandlungen, Altona, no. 3, p. 5-30\. [Reprinted, 1894, Ostwald’s Klassiker der Exakten Wissenschaften, no.
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M87 is about from Earth and is the second-brightest galaxy within the northern Virgo Cluster, having many satellite galaxies. Unlike a disk-shaped spiral galaxy, M87 has no distinctive dust lanes. Instead, it has an almost featureless, ellipsoidal shape typical of most giant elliptical galaxies, diminishing in luminosity with distance from the center. Forming around one-sixth of its mass, M87's stars have a nearly spherically symmetric distribution.
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"General non-iterative solution of the inverse and direct geodetic problems", Emanuel M. Sodano, Bulletin Géodésique, vol 75 (1965), pp 69–89 Examples of 2-D 'spherical' multilateration navigation systems that accounted for the ellipsoidal shape of the earth are the Loran-C and Omega radionavigation systems, both of which were operated by groups of nations. Their Russian counterparts, CHAYKA and Alpha (respectively), are understood to operate similarly.
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Bonampak temple room 1, file of musicians: rattle and ocarina; trumpets; and theatrical scene Important archaeological evidence of pre-Columbian Maya aerophones has been found in locations such as Tabasco, Campeche, and Jaina. Clay whistles were found in Jaina from burial sites. These whistles have mouthpieces in quadrangular, rectangular, ellipsoidal and conical shapes. Several whistles are shaped like human faces, and some are shaped like animals representing Mayan deities.
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The stipe is long by thick at the top near the attachment to the cap, and ranges from thicker at the base to equal throughout, to tapered at the bottom. It is also yellow, sometimes developing brownish to reddish stains, and may have fine reticulations near the top. The spore print is dark olive-brown. Individual spores are ellipsoidal to spindle- shaped, smooth, and measure 12–15 by 3.5–5 µm.
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Nereus has been imaged by radar, revealing a slightly elongated shape which would allow for stable orbits around it. Earlier optical measurements had given an estimated diameter of about meters. More recent work on the analysis of the radar data gives a much more detailed shape for Nereus as well as a fairly detailed terrain map of the surface. Nereus has a generally ellipsoidal shape with dimensions of .
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Optics of an Altman 1000Q followspot. From left to right: Lamp, Ellipsoidal Reflector, Shutter/Iris Assembly, Fixed Lens, Variable Lens. The opening is the gap in the housing from where the beam of light is intended to come. Many fixtures use a lens to help control the beam of light, though some, such as border or cyclorama lights, do not have any lenses or optics other than the reflector.
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Virgibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria and a member of the phylum Firmicutes. Virgibacillus species can be obligate aerobes (oxygen reliant), or facultative anaerobes and catalase enzyme positive. Under stressful environmental conditions, the bacteria can produce oval or ellipsoidal endospores in terminal, or sometimes subterminal, swollen sporangia. The genus was recently reclassified from the genus Bacillus in 1998 following an analysis of the species V. pantothenticus.
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The spores range from white to cream to slightly yellow in deposit, although a spore print may be difficult to obtain given the shape of the fruit body. The spores are formed in asci lining the pits—the ridges are sterile. They are ellipsoidal, smooth, thin-walled, translucent (hyaline), and measure 17.5–21.9 by 8.8–11.0 µm. The asci are eight-spored, 223–300 by 19–20 µm, cylindrical, and hyaline.
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Magnus, in 1901, used characteristics of the resting spore and host plant reaction to distinguish between Physoderma and Urophlyctis. He claimed that resting spores from Physoderma were globose and ellipsoidal, and those from Urophlyctis were flattened on one side. Physoderma species cause discoloration and slight malformation, while Urophlycits cause significant malformation and hypertrophy. Sparrow, in numerous publications, expressed concerns over the characters used to distinguish the two genera.
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The club-shaped fruitbodies, which have a distinct blackish head and a more lightly colored stipe (dark brown), grow to heights ranging from . The head is up to tall and ranges in shape from fuse-shaped to narrowly ellipsoidal to nearly cylindrical, and is somewhat compressed on the sides. The nearly black, somewhat waxy head has a vertical groove down the middle. The stipe has a glutinous, dark grey-brown surface.
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Later it forms wrinkled ellipsoidal glabrous fruit that is long. It is similar to Grevillea decipiens which has 7–9 longitudinal ridges on the upper leaf surface and a densely brown-silky outer perianth surface which is white of G. sparsifolia. Grevillea pauciflora is also similar, but has a different style. Grevillea sparsiflora is found between Mount Ragged, to the east of Esperance and has a range that extends as far east as Twilight Cove.
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The variable luminosity of this system was discovered in 1784 by the British amateur astronomer John Goodricke. The orbital plane of this system is nearly aligned with the line of sight from the Earth, so the two stars periodically eclipse each other. This causes Beta Lyrae to regularly change its apparent magnitude from +3.2 to +4.4 over an orbital period of 12.9414 days. It forms the prototype of a class of ellipsoidal "contact" eclipsing binaries.
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The building features an ellipsoidal dome containing a mural by painter Carlos Cañas and a crystal chandelier; other impressive spaces include the Chamber Hall and the Grand Foyer. The theater is open to tourists, and since the Historic Downtown Restoration has been used for plays, shows, operas, song recitals, and modern dance performances. It is the largest and most luxurious theater in Central America, and was declared a National Monument in 1979.
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In excavation pillars, railing, cross-bars, coping, umbrellas and other architectural remnants of Vihara and Stupa, suggesting a grand stupa in the area. Jain stupa similar to Kankali Tila were excavated in the area. The representation in art motif of stupa suggests the stupa was dedicated to Jainism. The inscriptions indicate Vaddamanu as Jain center in 3rd century BCE to 6th century CE. There are two ellipsoidal structure similar to Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves.
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The Hubble classification system rates elliptical galaxies on the basis of their ellipticity, ranging from E0, being nearly spherical, up to E7, which is highly elongated. These galaxies have an ellipsoidal profile, giving them an elliptical appearance regardless of the viewing angle. Their appearance shows little structure and they typically have relatively little interstellar matter. Consequently, these galaxies also have a low portion of open clusters and a reduced rate of new star formation.
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The fruits of Cornus clarnensis are generally globose to ellipsoidal in shape and either biolocular or trilocular. The fruits have an overall length ranging between and a maximum width between . The exterior surface has a series of about ten grooves running longitudinally from the base to the apex. The septum does not possess a central vascular bundle, indicating a placement into the Cornaceae, while the overall fruit shape confirms it is a Cornus species.
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Latitude is used together with longitude to specify the precise location of features on the surface of the Earth. On its own, the term latitude should be taken to be the geodetic latitude as defined below. Briefly, geodetic latitude at a point is the angle formed by the vector perpendicular (or normal) to the ellipsoidal surface from that point, and the equatorial plane. Also defined are six auxiliary latitudes that are used in special applications.
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The Semitropic field resembles the other three natural gas reservoirs in the southern San Joaquin Valley – the Buttonwillow, Trico, and Paloma gas fields – in being a northwest-to-southeast trending ellipsoidal dome, with the topmost unit containing commercial quantities of gas within a geologic formation known as the San Joaquin Clay.Kaplow, E.J. Gas Fields of Southern San Joaquin Valley. California Oil Fields, 24th Annual Report, Vol. 24 No. 1. San Francisco, 1938. p. 30.
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In 1984 an occultation of a star produced seven chords that Kristensen used to derive an ellipsoidal profile of 210×170 km. On 6 August 1989, Metis occulted a magnitude 8.7 star producing five chords suggesting a diameter of 173.5 km. Observations of an occultation on 11 February 2006, produced only two chords indicating a minimum diameter 156 km. (Chords) All three of these occultations fit the ellipsoid 222×182×130 km suggested by Baer.
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The stigma is globose and red. The fruit is ellipsoidal or ovoid, of length 20 mm, width 10 mm long, and when immature is reddish, and when ripe black. The seed has 4-6 cotyledons. The terminal position of the inflorescences, the robust and fleshy aspect of the peduncles and flowers, the presence of the dilated sub-floral dome, and the greenish color of the flowers are distinctive characteristics of the species.
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Raphidiophrys can be distinguished from other heliozoans as being spineless , however this is not true for Raphidiophrys heterophryoidea . Members of this genus are covered in tangential siliceous scales of one or many types including long, narrow scale with sharp points, narrow ellipsoidal and broad oval scales . Bipartite scales with, sometimes-branched, septa are characteristic of Raphidiophrys . Fine structure in scales and size can be used to differentiate amongst species in the genus .
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It is an ellipsoidal variable, which means the orbit is sufficiently close that the shapes of the components are being distorted by their mutual gravitation. This is causing the visual magnitude of the system to vary regularly by 0m.05 over the course of each orbit, as the orientation of the stars change with respect to the Earth. The primary component is a B-type giant star with a stellar classification of B2 III.
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Bismuth telluride is a narrow-gap layered semiconductor with a trigonal unit cell. The valence and conduction band structure can be described as a many-ellipsoidal model with 6 constant-energy ellipsoids that are centered on the reflection planes. Bi2Te3 cleaves easily along the trigonal axis due to Van der Waals bonding between neighboring tellurium atoms. Due to this, bismuth-telluride-based materials used for power generation or cooling applications must be polycrystalline.
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They mine the leaves of their host plant. The mine has the form of an elliptical or oblong, typically tentiform blotch-mine found on the upper side of the leaf, usually on the leaf-vein, with the upper epidermis of the mining part having a longitudinal wrinkle in the middle. Pupation takes place inside the mine-cavity. The pupa is enclosed with a whitish, ellipsoidal cocoon, which is covered with grains of frass.
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The principal type of neuron found in the subthalamic nucleus has rather long, sparsely spiny dendrites. In the more centrally located neurons, the dendritic arbors have a more ellipsoidal shape. The dimensions of these arbors (1200 μm, 600 μm, and 300 μm) are similar across many species—including rat, cat, monkey and human—which is unusual. However, the number of neurons increases with brain size as well as the external dimensions of the nucleus.
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It is a Beta Cephei type variable star with a brightness that periodically varies from magnitude +3.38 to +3.41 over an interval of 0.17 days. The tidal interaction with the secondary component has turned it into a rotating ellipsoidal variable. This star system is a proper motion member of the Upper-Centaurus Lupus sub-group in the Scorpius- Centaurus OB association, the nearest such association of co-moving massive stars to the Sun.
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Some other reports state they are wider, darker and thicker cells. The conidiophores will become the conidiogenous (promotes conidiogenesis) cells that are 7-9 µm in diameter, monoblastic (single or single-celled) or polyblastic (multiple celled). The conidiophores are globose or ellipsoidal (football shape), smooth and slightly bumpy at the fertile end. In culture, colonies can cover an entire Petri dish of suitable growth medium after 2 weeks of incubation at 25 °C.
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Ossicaulis species have gills that are adnexed, adnate or somewhat decurrent and a stipe that is centrally or laterally attached to the cap. The hyphal system is monomitic (meaning only generative hyphae are present), the trama is regular, and there are clamp connections in the hyphae. Spores are small and ellipsoidal in shape. The cap cuticle features coral-shaped (coralloid) hyphae, and there are additionally coralloid to narrowly club-shaped cheilocystidia in the hymenium.
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Zeta Andromedae (Zeta And, ζ Andromedae, ζ And) is a star system in the constellation Andromeda. It is approximately 189 light years from Earth. Zeta Andromedae is a spectroscopic binary whose primary is classified as an orange K-type giant with a mean apparent magnitude of +4.08. In addition to brightness variation due to the ellipsoidal shape of the giant primary star, the system is also an RS Canum Venaticorum type variable star.
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The machine uses a number of advanced technologies in the state of the art engine and vehicle control electronics; including ride by wire, multi-maps and traction control. A TFT dashboard is fitted, which has dedicated graphs and new functions. Headlight and tail light are large round items, adding to the retro-look, and are powered by LEDs. The headlight is an advanced twin-function full LED poly-ellipsoidal with a daytime running light.
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Webb Ellis A rugby ball is an elongated ellipsoidal ball used in rugby football. Its measurements and weight are specified by World Rugby and the Rugby League International Federation, the governing bodies for both codes, rugby union and rugby league respectively. The rugby ball has an oval shape, four panels and a weight of about 400 gr. It is often confused with some balls of similar dimensions used in American, Canadian and Australian football.
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The cluster is positioned nearly on the galactic plane and it is following an orbit that varies between from the Galactic Center over a period of Myr. 54 variable stars have been found in M93, including one slowly pulsating B-type star, one rotating ellipsoidal variable, seven Delta Scuti variables, six Gamma Doradus variables, and one hybrid δ Sct/γ Dor pulsator. Four spectroscopic binary systems in M93 include a yellow straggler component.
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The ascospores produced by Polytolypa are ellipsoidal, yellow to yellow-orange in color, with dimensions of 2.5–5 by 3–4 μm. Viewed with a light microscope their surfaces appear to be smooth, but under scanning electron microscopy, they are revealed to be densely marked with punctures and small, hard, sharp projections. The structures that produce the ascospores are called asci. In Polytolypa they are numerous, spherical, and measure 9–10 by 12–13 μm.
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The trunk is solitary and acaulescent or barely emergent, producing 1.5 m leaves, pinnately cleft, with a gentle arch. The leaves are carried on short petioles, the leaflets grow to 30 cm, elliptical, and colored emerald green, and are widely and regularly arranged along the rachis. The inflorescence is a solitary, interfoliar spike with a long, slender peduncle, carrying male and female flowers. The fruit is ellipsoidal, black when ripe, with one globose seed.
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Faustina's chapel at the sanctuary Altar In 1999–2002, a modern two-story, ellipsoidal basilica, specifically devoted to the Divine Mercy was built. The building was designed to resemble a boat, and has a 77-meter high observation tower that resembles a mast. The basilica can accommodate about 5,000 people and the main chapel has about 1,800 seats. The altar in the main sanctuary houses the Divine Mercy painting and relics of Saint Faustina.
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The ultimately ellipsoidal building shell was based on the decision for a mathematically determinable shape with optimal volume. The contract for constructing it was ultimately awarded to Polykem Ltd., a company that specializes in the manufacturing of plastic and neon signs, following a competitive offer to whomever would built the cabin. The end result was a universally transportable home that had the ability to be mass replicated and situated in almost any environment.
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It can be born singly or in short chains from sympodial conidiophores. The colonies grow rapidly, and range from powdery to lanose and black or olivaceous black. Conidiophores are erect, straight or flexuose; often somewhat geniculate, but mostly unbranched. They can be up to 50 x 4–5 um, golden brown, smooth-walled, conidial scars brown. The conidia commonly form in chains of 2–10, with ellipsoidal or obovoidal shapes and often with short peaks.
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In some species, aerial hyphae consist of long, straight filaments, which bear 50 or more spores at more or less regular intervals, arranged in whorls (verticils). Each branch of a verticil produces, at its apex, an umbel, which carries from two to several chains of spherical to ellipsoidal, smooth or rugose spores. Some strains form short chains of spores on substrate hyphae. Sclerotia-, pycnidia-, sporangia-, and synnemata-like structures are produced by some strains.
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The adult female is ellipsoidal in shape, about long and wide, with a convex dorsal surface and a flat ventral surface. The body is yellowish-grey but this is largely obscured by the waxy secretions that cover the body, although the segmentation can still be seen. There is a transverse, darker bar on the dorsal surface. There are 18 pairs of very short, lateral wax filaments, and several slightly longer caudal filaments.
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This focuses the beam of light into a tight beam. Ellipsoidal reflectors often are used for tight, focusable spots, although they can be used for floodlights, such as in scoops (see below). A parabolic reflector has a lamp set at the focus point of a parabola-shaped reflector that bounces the light in parallel beams away from the reflector. There is no point at which the light converges, so the light is unfocusable.
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Such stars are termed ellipsoidal variables. Within a few million years, as the primary continues to evolve into a red giant star, the system may become a semi-detached binary with the Roche lobe becoming filled to overflowing. The mean apparent magnitude of +3.42 for this pair is bright enough to be readily seen with the naked eye. It forms the second brightest star or star system in this generally faint constellation, following Beta Trianguli.
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The roughly spherical to ellipsoidal leathery fruit bodies (ascomata) are 120–300 μm high by 150–350 μm wide, with a short neck, and an ostiole (opening). The neck is 15–50 μm high, 42–70 μm in diameter, cylindrical to conical, and dark brown. The ascomata are immersed in the hard cortex of the host plant, with bases embedded in the pith. The ascomata are light brown in color, but darker around the ostiole.
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It was formed in an ellipsoidal form, measuring 400m from east to west and 350m from north to south. The town layout was designed with a grid plan, which consists of 6 streets in a north-south direction, 7 streets in an east-west direction in the town. There are 25 quadrilateral town blocks in center, and 16 irregular town blocks in the outer edge. The relative elevation is about 10m from the river to the town.
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National Centre for the Performing Arts The exterior of the NCPA is a steel structural shell. It has a semi- ellipsoidal shape. The length of the long axis in the east-west direction of the plane projection is , the length of the short axis in the north-south direction is , and the height of the building is , which is slightly lower than the Great Hall of the People by 3.32 meters. The deepest part of the foundation reaches .
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Later it forms pitted, ellipsoidal or ovoid and glabrous fruit that are long. It regenerates from seed only and is very closely related to Grevillea crithmifolia, which has a shorter conflorescence and divided leaves. Grevillea trachytheca was first described the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae in 1888. It is commonly found amongst medium to low trees in shrubland it is restricted to areas near Kalbarri and the lower part of the Murchison River.
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Cut view of a homoeoid in 3D A homoeoid is a shell (a bounded region) bounded by two concentric, similar ellipses (in 2D) or ellipsoids (in 3D).Chandrasekhar, S.: Ellipsoidal Figures of Equilibrium, Yale Univ. Press. London (1969)Routh, E. J.: A Treatise on Analytical Statics, Vol II, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1882) When the thickness of the shell becomes negligible, it is called a thin homoeoid. The name homoeoid was coined by Lord Kelvin and Peter Tait.
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Unopened fruit bodies of Zeus olympius are circular blackened crusts that occur below the bark. When ripe, the fruit body expands, breaking through the bark, and the crust splits radially into small black teeth. This exposes the fertile layer (hymenium), which is an orange- to golden-coloured angular or circular disc ranging from 0.2–5 mm in diameter. The spores are thin-walled, smooth, more or less ellipsoidal, and measure 12–15 by 5–8 μm.
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The fruit bodies of Lysurus fungi are characterized by having short, thick arms which are upright, and may separate slightly in age. The inner surfaces of the arms are covered with a slimy spore mass called gleba, which typically has a fetid smell to attract insects to assist in spore dispersal. Viewed with a light microscope, Lysurus spores are narrowly ellipsoidal in shape, brownish in color, and have dimensions of 4–5 by 1.5–2 µm.
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The low density of Mimas, 1.15 g/cm3, indicates that it is composed mostly of water ice with only a small amount of rock. Due to the tidal forces acting on it, Mimas is noticeably prolate; its longest axis is about 10% longer than the shortest. The ellipsoidal shape of Mimas is especially noticeable in some recent images from the Cassini probe. Mimas's most distinctive feature is a giant impact crater across, named Herschel after the discoverer of Mimas.
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A rattleback in action A rattleback is a semi-ellipsoidal top which will rotate on its axis in a preferred direction. If spun in the opposite direction, it becomes unstable, "rattles" to a stop and reverses its spin to the preferred direction. This spin-reversal appears to violate the law of the conservation of angular momentum. Moreover, for most rattlebacks the motion will happen when the rattleback is spun in one direction, but not when spun in the other.
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It is a purely upper epidermal miner of leaves in the larval stage, and is pupated within a pupal chamber made inside the mine. The mine is linear, very long, irregularly curved, sometimes serpentine and transparently whitish in appearance, without any trace of frass. The pupal chamber is placed at the end of the mine either in the disc or at the margin of the leaf, ellipsoidal, with a swollen lower side and a wrinkled upper side.
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They are in a close (but detached) circular orbit with a period of 0.6496 days and a separation of 5.63 solar radii. Observed at an inclination of 24°, the system is an ellipsoidal variable whose apparent visual magnitude varies from 5.14 to 5.17 over the course of an orbit as the star's visible surface area changes. The system's spectrum contains a third set of spectral lines that are probably from a third star, also of type B.
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Ellipsoidal coordinates The parametric latitude can also be extended to a three-dimensional coordinate system. For a point not on the reference ellipsoid (semi-axes and ) construct an auxiliary ellipsoid which is confocal (same foci , ) with the reference ellipsoid: the necessary condition is that the product of semi-major axis and eccentricity is the same for both ellipsoids. Let be the semi-minor axis () of the auxiliary ellipsoid. Further let be the parametric latitude of on the auxiliary ellipsoid.
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They also have a smaller, rounder row of leaves on the underside, however this can also trick some people into thinking it is a leafy liverwort. Upon closer inspection of the leaves with a hand lens, there will be a short costa (mid vein), which immediately rules out liverworts. Sporophytes are born on the underside of the plant, running evenly down the stem. The capsules are subglobose to ellipsoidal in shape with a fleshy, pale to dark brown calyptra.
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The bubbles occurring in such a flow can be classified in small, large, and distorted bubbles. The small bubbles are generally spherical or elliptical and are encountered in a major concentration in the wake of large and distorted bubbles and close to the walls. Large, ellipsoidal or cap bubbles can be found in the core region of the flow as well as the distorted bubbles with a highly deformed interface. Churn turbulent flow is commonly encountered in industrial applications.
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Spheroidal spore-like bodies within the Gunflint Chert are found irregularly distributed throughout the Gunflint Iron Formation, and range from 1 to 16 μm in diameter. Despite their name, the spheroidal bodies range from spherical to ellipsoidal in morphology. They are typically encased in membrane, which can vary in wall thickness and morphology. The spheroidal bodies have been hypothesized to be various things, such as unicellular cyanobacteria, endogenously produced endospores of bacterial origin, free-swimming dinoflagellates, and fungus spores.
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Conidia and conidiophores of the fungus Acremonium falciforme PHIL 4168 lores Under the microscope at 30 °C, A. strictum shows long slender phialides, and conidia are cylindrical or ellipsoidal, formed in slimy bundles at the tips of the phialides. Lower microscopy shows pin-head spore ball formation. Species of Acremonium are morphologically very similar, making identification difficult. Shown in the image is a microscopic image of A. falciforme, an example showing the morphological similarities to A. strictum.
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Phaeocollybia pseudolugubris is a species of fungus in the family Cortinariaceae. Found in the Popocatépetl region of México State, where it grows in forests of sacred fir (Abies religiosa) and pine, it was described as new to science in 1996 by mycologists Victor Bandala and Egon Horak. It is a member of section Versicolores in the genus Phaeocollybia. Its spores are more or less ellipsoidal to almond-shaped, typically measuring 8–9 by 4–5 µm.
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Pertica quadrifaria (the type species of the genus) was described in 1972 from compression fossils found in the Trout Valley Formation of northern Maine, USA. It was an upright plant which grew to perhaps as much as a metre (3 ft) in height. It comprised a main, straight stem (axis) with side branches which developed dichotomously, branching many times at increasingly shorter intervals. Some of the terminal branchlets bore masses of erect paired, ellipsoidal sporangia in distinctive tight clusters.
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Murrill described the characteristic of genus Poronidulus as follows: "Hymenophore annual, tough, sessile, epixylous, at first sterile and cup-like, the fertile portion developing from the sterile; context white, fibrous, tubes short, thin-walled, mouths polygonal; spores ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline." The cup- like shape of the fruit bodies allows the spores of the fungus to be disseminated when hit by drops of rain, a dispersal method similar to that of the bird's nest fungi. P. conchifer is inedible.
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The projection is named after Carl Friedrich Gauss and Giovanni Boaga. It was created by Giovanni Boaga in the 1940s who was at that time the head of the Istituto Geografico Militare. The projection method is a slight variant of the Gauss–Krüger series development for the ellipsoidal transverse Mercator projection. Like the closely related UTM, the Gauss–Boaga scales the projection down so that the central meridian has a scale factor of 0.9996 rather than 1.0.
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In constructing a map on any projection, a sphere is normally chosen to model the Earth when the extent of the mapped region exceeds a few hundred kilometers in length in both dimensions. For maps of smaller regions, an ellipsoidal model must be chosen if greater accuracy is required; see next section. The spherical form of the transverse Mercator projection was one of the seven new projections presented, in 1772, by Johann Heinrich Lambert.Lambert, Johann Heinrich. 1772.
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Objects are called dwarf planets if their own gravity is sufficient to achieve hydrostatic equilibrium and form an ellipsoidal shape. All other minor planets and comets are called small Solar System bodies. The IAU stated that the term minor planet may still be used, but the term small Solar System body will be preferred.Questions and Answers on Planets, additional information, news release IAU0603, IAU 2006 General Assembly: Result of the IAU Resolution votes, International Astronomical Union, August 24, 2006.
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Colonies of S. kiliense have distinct characteristics, such as its colour, when grown on different medium. When the colonies are grown on glucose peptone agar at a temperature of , colonies can reach a diameter of 50 mm in one week. The colonies have a flat topography with a grey to an orange coloration. At the microscopic level, predominant features include balls of ellipsoidal conidia accumulated at the ends of long slender phialides and have oval chlamydospores.
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Spores are arranged in two parallel rows in the ascus. They are supported on a short stalk, thick-walled, and fissitunicate, meaning the inner wall pops completely out of the outer wall during dehiscence. In this process, a small flat cap retracts to form a roughly spherical or irregular, temporary structure at the tip of the ascus. The ascospores are 15.5–23.5 by 4.5–6 μm, cylindrical to elongated ellipsoidal, two- (rarely three-) septate, constricted at the septa.
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Rotating ellipsoidal variables are binary systems in which the constituent components are distorted into ellipses due to fast rotation rates, and as the two stars orbit each other, the surface area of the star facing Earth changes, causing variations in brightness. However, the actual cause of the variability, and even whether or not there is a companion, is uncertain. No companion has ever been directly detected, but its existence has been inferred from spectral line variations in the primary O-type star.
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VDs are used in astro-geodetic levelling, a geoid determination technique. As a vertical deflection describes the difference between the geoidal and ellipsoidal normals, it represents the horizontal gradient of the undulations of the geoid (i.e., the separation between geoid and reference ellipsoid). Given a starting value for the geoid undulation at one point, determining geoid undulations for an area becomes a matter for simple integration. In practice, the deflections are observed at special points with spacings of 20 or 50 kilometers.
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The Collins Center has 102 Source Four ellipsoidal fixtures of varying degrees, 60 PARs and PARNels, and 4 Altman cyclorama lights. Two additional 750 watt, 19 degree Source Fours are used for follow spots and are fixed on the front-of-house catwalk. These fixtures are conventional stage lighting, therefore manual focusing is necessary and color modification requires the use of gels. Stage lighting is controlled using the AMX protocol, however DMX may be used via an in-house converter.
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The flesh has no distinctive odor, and a taste that is mild to slightly bitter. The fruit bodies have been listed as edible by some authors, but poisonous by others; even when not toxic, mushrooms that grow on dung are usually considered unpalatable, though the common mushroom is an obvious counter-example. The mushroom produce a dark purple spore print. The thick-walled spores are ellipsoidal, smooth, and have a small apical germ pore; they measure 16.1–19.0 by 8.8–11.0 μm.
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The volval tissue is interwoven, with cylindrical, hyaline hyphae that are 4.4–7.3 μm wide. The sphaerocysts here are ellipsoidal to roughly spherical, hyaline, and measure 35–70 by 20–35 μm. In A. gemmata, where they are most abundant in the region just below the cap cuticle, these refractive cells are scattered, and have a width of 3.7–6 μm. Clamp connections are rare in the hyphae of A. gemmata; they are present in the annulus, gill tissue, subhymenium, and cap tissue.
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A "Round Earth" data type (GEOGRAPHY) uses an ellipsoidal model in which the Earth is defined as a single continuous entity which does not suffer from the singularities such as the international dateline, poles, or map projection zone "edges". Approximately 70 methods are available to represent spatial operations for the Open Geospatial Consortium Simple Features for SQL, Version 1.1. SQL Server includes better compression features, which also helps in improving scalability. It enhanced the indexing algorithms and introduced the notion of filtered indexes.
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For a Maclaurin spheroid of eccentricity greater than 0.812670, a Jacobi ellipsoid of the same angular momentum has lower total energy. If such a spheroid is composed of a viscous fluid, and if it suffers a perturbation which breaks its rotational symmetry, then it will gradually elongate into the Jacobi ellipsoidal form, while dissipating its excess energy as heat. This is termed secular instability. However, for a similar spheroid composed of an inviscid fluid, the perturbation will merely result in an undamped oscillation.
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He died in 1981 and the Eshelby Memorial Bursary was founded in his memory. The scientific phenomenon called "Eshelby's inclusion" is named after this scientist, and points at an ellipsoidal subdomain in an infinite homogeneous body, subjected to a uniform transformation strain. Eshelby was clear and amusing as a lecturer, and prepared his lectures with great care, but was not keen on doing experimental work. He was well versed in Sanskrit (among other classical languages) and was an avid second-hand book buyer.
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Zehneria alba is a dioecious vine with stems growing to 3 m in length. The leaves are broadly ovate, cordate at the base, unlobed to shallowly 3-lobed, dentate, acute to acuminate, and 50–80 mm long. The flowers are small and white; the male inflorescence is paniculate or racemose, 30–150 mm long, with a 10–130 mm long peduncle; the female flowers are solitary or clustered. The fruit is ellipsoidal, 20–30 mm long, with seeds about 4 mm long.
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Microcotyle lichiae has the general morphology of all species of Microcotyle, with a flat body 0.5 mm in length, comprising an anterior part which contains most organs and a posterior part called the haptor. The haptor is asymmetrical and bears 52 clamps, arranged in two rows (31 in one row, 21 on the other). The clamps of the haptor attach the animal to the gill of the fish. There are also two small ellipsoidal and aseptate buccal suckers at the anterior extremity.
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Altman Lighting released their Shakespeare line of units in 1994 as a response to the Source Four. One improvement over the Source Four is a wider range of adjustment in regards to rotation of the barrel assembly. The patents for some components in this unit have been licensed from ETC. In 2004 ADB introduced WARP Profile - In this ellipsoidal profile spot conventional shutters have been replaced by four integrated blades controlled by a series of rings, each with 360⁰ endless rotation capability.
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Three longitudinal veins are present on either side of the midrib and restricted to the distal third of the lamina. Pinnate veins are abundant and run obliquely to the laminar margin. The tendrils are proportionately very long, especially those bearing lower pitchers, which may be more than 30 cm long. rosette from Dinagat with lower pitchers and a trailing climbing stem visible to the right Rosette and lower pitchers are usually cylindrical or ellipsoidal throughout, but may also be urceolate or subglobose.
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It involves starting out with a larger block of some material and carving out the desired form. These carved out devices, notably put to use in specific microelectromechanical systems used as microsensors, generally only reach the micro size, but the most recent of these have begun to incorporate nanosized components. One of the most common method is called electron beam lithography. Although very costly, this technique effectively forms a distribution of circular or ellipsoidal plots on the two dimensional surface.
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A primary use of reference ellipsoids is to serve as a basis for a coordinate system of latitude (north/south), longitude (east/west), and ellipsoidal height. For this purpose it is necessary to identify a zero meridian, which for Earth is usually the Prime Meridian. For other bodies a fixed surface feature is usually referenced, which for Mars is the meridian passing through the crater Airy-0. It is possible for many different coordinate systems to be defined upon the same reference ellipsoid.
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This species differs from the others by its thick chela and the aforementioned short and robust teeth.Kjellesvig-Waering, Erik N. (1961) "Eurypterids of the Devonian Holland Quarry Shale of Ohio" Three years later, Kjellesvig-Waering described E. saetiger from the Silurian age in Pennsylvania was described. The holotype (FMNH 157, housed at the Field Museum of Natural History) consists of an unusually well preserved metastoma. The metastoma has been defined as roughly ellipsoidal, truncated posteriorly and not excessively cordate at the anterior margin.
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The platform's antenna is a slotted wave guide planar array and features very low side lobe levels and a narrow beam width in azimuth. It handles high power (better than 3.3 Kilowatt average) and weighs just 160 kg. For housing the primary and the secondary (IFF) antennas, an ellipsoidal structured (7.315 m x 1.524 m) rotodome was fabricated. It is made up of composites and aluminium alloy parts and is driven by a hydraulic servo system using aircraft hydraulic power.
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Deep images obtained with the CAFOS instrument at the Calar Alto Observatory reveal that NGC 4070 has some deviation from a perfectly spherical or ellipsoidal shape morphology. This indicates that NGC 4070 has undergone a recent interaction, either with the galaxy 2MASX J12040831+2023280 or with a small knot of material. There also appears to be faint, broad bridge of luminous matter between NGC 4070 and the neighbouring elliptical galaxy NGC 4066. The two galaxies are separated by a projected distance of .
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These arms, initially joined together, but usually separate at maturity, are covered with the brownish-olivaceous gleba. Spores are ellipsoidal, with dimensions of 4–5 × 1.5–2 μm. ; Mutinus (Huds.) Fr. (1849):The mature fruiting body has a spongy, cylindrical hollow stalk which ends in a slender, tapered, sometimes curved head covered with the dark olivaceous, slimy gleba. In older specimens, the gleba may be washed or worn off to show the orange or red color of the head itself.
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The opening of flowers occurs sequentially, starting at the bottom of the inflorescence and sweeping through to the top over a period of around two weeks. At anthesis the flowers produce copious quantities of nectar; indeed, some flowers produce so much that it drips to the ground. After flowering, the old florets wither and curl against the spike, giving it a hairy appearance. Now known as an infructescence, it is roughly ellipsoidal, 6 to 10 cm high (2.2–4 in) and wide.
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The pair orbit each other with a period of 2.526 days and a low eccentricity of 0.04. The close orbit is causing their mutual gravitational interaction to distort the shapes of the stars, turning this system into an ellipsoidal variable. The inclination of orbital plane is sufficiently low that the two stars form a grazing eclipsing binary. During the eclipse of the primary component, the visual magnitude is reduced by 0.06, whereas the secondary eclipse reduces the magnitude by 0.03.
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Gas-filled floats called pneumatocysts provide buoyancy in many kelps and members of the Fucales. These bladder-like structures occur in or near the lamina, so that it is held nearer the water surface and thus receives more light for photosynthesis. Pneumatocysts are most often spherical or ellipsoidal, but can vary in shape among different species. Species such as Nereocystis luetkeana and Pelagophycus porra bear a single large pneumatocyst between the top of the stipe and the base of the blades.
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Their total brightness is variable because the two component stars orbit each other, and in this orbit one component periodically passes in front of the other one, thereby blocking its light. The two component stars of Beta Lyrae systems are quite heavy (several solar masses () each) and extended (giants or supergiants). They are so close, that their shapes are heavily distorted by mutual gravitation forces: the stars have ellipsoidal shapes, and there are extensive mass flows from one component to the other.
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Ascospores are 43-61 x 16-28 μm, light yellow-brown, ellipsoidal, and rounded at both ends, with transverse septa and one, occasionally two, septum in the median cells but never in the terminal cells. Conidia are borne laterally and terminally on conidiophores, which usually occur in clusters of three to five. The conidia are straight with rounded ends and measure 11-24 x 30-100 μm. They are subhyaline to yellow-brown and have up to seven transverse septa.
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Roy's final report, which was put through the press by Isaac Dalby, is . The final results were inconclusive, for triangulation was inferior to the precision of astronomical measurements, but the survey paved the way for all future work in terms of high precision measurements of length and angle, together with the techniques of calculating on an ellipsoidal surface. In his final report, published posthumously, Roy once again pressed for the extension of the survey to the rest of Britain. His successors would oblige.
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The field angle of an instrument is the angle of the beam of light where it reaches 10% of the intensity of the center of the beam. Most manufacturers now use field angle to indicate the spread that the fixture has. However, older fixtures are described by the width of the lens x focal length of the instrument. For example, a 6x9 ellipsoidal would have a 6" lens and a focal length of 9" (creating an approximately 37° beam angle).
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The fleshy seeds are subglobular to oblong or ellipsoidal, and are red, orange, yellow or rarely white. The endosperm is haploid, derived from the female gametophyte. The embryo is straight, with two cotyledons that are usually united at the tips and a very long, spirally twisted suspensor. The sperm of the genus are large, as is typical of cycads, and Zamia roezlii is an example; its sperm are approximately 0.4 mm long and can be seen by the unaided eye.
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In most species, the thecal surface contains intercalary bands and is smooth and covered with large thecal pores that are round and ovoid. Another distinguishing feature to identify Coolia is a plate on the epitheca that is off centred and contains an apical pore complex with a long, curved pore that has a slit containing two costae. This apical pore is often visible because of its large size. Coolia also has an ellipsoidal-shaped ventral pore on the ventral surface.
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In 1854, the Ambrotype positive photographic process on glass made Magic lantern slide creation much less expensive. Magic lanterns were greatly improved by the application of limelight to live stage production in 1837 at Covent Garden Theatre and improved again when electric arc lighting became available in 1880. In 1910, Adolf Linnebach invented the Linnebach lantern, a lensless wide angle glass slide projector. In 1933, the Gobo metal shadow pattern for the ellipsoidal spotlight allowed images to appear and disappear by dimmer control.
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The spore print is white and the spores are ellipsoidal with flattened ends and containing several oil droplets. On the outside of the cup the hairs are curly or corkscrew shaped. These features distinguishes this species from the rather similar Sarcoscypha coccinea and Sarcoscypha juranaLeif Goodwin: Sarcoscypha austriaca It is reported to grow on the dead wood of such hosts as Alnus incana, species of Salix, Acer and Robinia.Grzyby Polski: Sarcoscypha austriaca It is part of a complex of species which includes Sarcoscypha coccinea and Sarcoscypha dudleyi.
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The deflections reflect the undulation of the geoid and gravity anomalies, for they depend on the gravity field and its inhomogeneities. VDs are usually determined astronomically. The true zenith is observed astronomically with respect to the stars, and the ellipsoidal zenith (theoretical vertical) by geodetic network computation, which always takes place on a reference ellipsoid. Additionally, the very local variations of the VD can be computed from gravimetric survey data and by means of digital terrain models (DTM), using a theory originally developed by Vening-Meinesz.
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Gamma Phoenicis is a star system in the constellation Phoenix, located around distant. γ Phoenicis is a spectroscopic binary and a small amplitude variable star. The star system shows regular variations in brightness that were reported as a 97.5 day period in the Hipparcos catalogue, but have since been ascribed to a 193-day orbital period with primary and secondary minima. Although the light curve appears to show eclipses, the high orbital inclination suggests the variations are due to ellipsoidal stars as they rotate in their orbit.
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Like other yeasts also the species within the genus Ogataea are single-celled or built pseudohyphae of only a few elongated cells, true hyphae are not formed. They are able to reproduce via a sexual and an asexuel reproduction. The latter one happens with a cell division by multilateral budding on a narrow base with spherical to ellipsoidal budded cells. In the sexual reproduction the asci are deliquescent and may be unconjugated or show conjugation between a cell and its bud or between independent cells.
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The lemon, Citrus limon, is a species of small evergreen tree in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to South Asia, primarily North eastern India. The tree's ellipsoidal yellow fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary purposes throughout the world, primarily for its juice, which has both culinary and cleaning uses. The pulp and rind are also used in cooking and baking. The juice of the lemon is about 5% to 6% citric acid, with a pH of around 2.2, giving it a sour taste.
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Often these result in inconsistent performance, though modern designs are doing much better than the traditional improvised solutions. Intentionally deformed shot (hammered into ellipsoidal shape) or cubical shot will also result in a wider pattern, much wider than spherical shot, with more consistency than spreader wads. Spreader wads and non-spherical shot are disallowed in some competitions. Hunting loads that use either spreaders or non-spherical shot are usually called "brush loads", and are favored for hunting in areas where dense cover keeps shot distances very short.
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However, Hubble telescope is not allowed to point too close to the Sun to avoid damaging its instruments, so it cannot be used for this. The VeSpR telescope is a Cassegrain design with a Dall-Kirkham figure, and with a 35 cm diameter ellipsoidal primary and a spherical secondary mirror providing 1–2 arc sec image quality within a few arc min of the optic axis. The telescope delivers a f/21 beam to the focal plane with a plate scale of 26 arc sec/mm.
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They both sought to prove the validity of Newton's theory on the shape of the Earth. In order to do so, they went on an expedition to Lapland in an attempt to accurately measure the meridian arc. From such measurements they could calculate the eccentricity of the Earth, its degree of departure from a perfect sphere. Clairaut confirmed that Newton's theory that the Earth was ellipsoidal was correct, but his calculations were in error, and wrote a letter to the Royal Society of London with his findings.
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The LOX tank was an ellipsoidal container of 10 meters diameter and 6.7 meters high holding up to or of oxidizer. It was formed by welding 12 gores (large triangular sections) and two circular pieces for the top and bottom. The gores were shaped by positioning in a 211,000 liter tank of water with three carefully orchestrated sets of underwater explosions to shape each gore. The LH2 tank was constructed of six cylinders: five were 2.4 meters high and the sixth 0.69 meter high.
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For these reasons, Aage Bohr, Ben Mottelson, and Sven Gösta Nilsson constructed models in which the potential was deformed into an ellipsoidal shape. The first successful model of this type is the one now known as the Nilsson model. It is essentially the harmonic oscillator model described in this article, but with anisotropy added, so that the oscillator frequencies along the three Cartesian axes are not all the same. Typically the shape is a prolate ellipsoid, with the axis of symmetry taken to be z.
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With the release of the Spotlight Mount, Aputure finally made modular, professional-quality ERS-style (ellipsoidal reflector spotlight) modifiers available for LED point source lights. Utilizing a similar dual-lens optical system to the Fresnel 2X, the Spotlight Mount is able to recreate the look of popular spotlights, such as ETC’s Source Four, complete with redesigned 19°, 26°, and 36° lenses to minimize color fringing. This style of modifier allows you to precisely shape light, using the built-in shutters and the ability to accept gobos.
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During his research career N. G. Chetaev made a number of significant contributions to Mathematical Theory of Stability, Analytical Mechanics and Mathematical Physics. His major scientific achievements relates to as follows. # The Poincaré equations. They were first obtained by H. Poincaré in the case when the algebra of virtual displacements is transitive and the constraints do not depend explicitly on time, and he applied them to investigate the motion of a solid body with an ellipsoidal cavity, entirely filled by a uniformly vortex moving ideal fluid.
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The LH2 tank has a volume of at and (cryogenic). Interior of a liquid hydrogen tank during assembly at the NASA rocket factory; with humans for scale The forward and aft domes have the same modified ellipsoidal shape. For the forward dome, mounting provisions are incorporated for the LH2 vent valve, the LH2 pressurization line fitting, and the electrical feed-through fitting. The aft dome has a manhole fitting for access to the LH2 feedline screen and a support fitting for the LH2 feedline.
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Intact, domes are distinct, rounded, spherical-to- ellipsoidal-shaped protrusions on the Earth's surface. However, a transect parallel to Earth's surface of a dome features concentric rings of strata. Consequently, if the top of a dome has been eroded flat, the resulting structure in plan view appears as a bullseye, with the youngest rock layers at the outside, and each ring growing progressively older moving inwards. These strata would have been horizontal at the time of deposition, then later deformed by the uplift associated with dome formation.
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The fruit is ellipsoidal, elongated, measuring about 4 – 10 cm and sometimes faintly 5-angled. The skin, smooth to slightly bumpy, thin and waxy turning from light green to yellowish-green when ripe. The flesh is crisp and the juice is sour and extremely acidic and therefore not typically consumed as fresh fruit by itself. Fruit is often preserved and used as a popular flavouring/seasoning and is a key ingredient in many Indonesian dishes such as sambal belimbing wuluh and asam sunti (see Culinary interest).
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The reflector affects the quality and directionality of the light output. A reflector is located behind or around the light source in such a way as to direct more light towards the lens or opening. Each unit has a characteristic reflector, used in conjunction with the lens (or lack thereof) to create the desired effect. An ellipsoidal reflector has a lamp set at one focus point of an ellipsoid-shaped reflector that bounces the light and focuses it at the second focus point of the ellipse.
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Consisting of a rounded protuberance (the capillitium) at the end of a straight or curved thin brownish-black stalk, the fruit body ranges from 0.8 to 3 mm tall. The capillitum is typically 0.20–0.31 mm in diameter, while the stalk thickness is 85–135 μm. The thick-walled asci (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped, measuring 15–20 by 7–9 μm, set upon stalks that are 20–25 μm. Spores are pale brown, ellipsoidal, and measure 7.0–8.3 by 4.4–5.1 μm.
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The inverse formulas are particularly useful when trying to project a variable defined on a (λ, φ) grid onto a rectilinear grid in (x, y). Direct application of the orthographic projection yields scattered points in (x, y), which creates problems for plotting and numerical integration. One solution is to start from the (x, y) projection plane and construct the image from the values defined in (λ, φ) by using the inverse formulas of the orthographic projection. See References for an ellipsoidal version of the orthographic map projection.
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Grevillea eriobotrya, commonly called the woolly cluster grevillea, is a shrub of the genus Grevillea native to a small area in the Mid West, Wheatbelt and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. The erect shrub typically grows to a height of and has non-glaucous branchlets. It has simple flat linear leaves with a blade that is in length and wide. It blooms from September to December and produces a terminal inflorescence with white to cream flowers, followed by a simple hairy ellipsoidal fruit that is long.
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The cells range in shape from egg-shaped, ellipsoidal, to elongated, measuring 2.5–5.0 by 5.0–15.0 µm, and occurring singly, doubly, or in groups of four. Asymmetrical blastoconidia are borne on short sterigmata, and measure 2.0–5.0 by 3.0–7.0 µm. The optimal growth temperature for the fungus occurs at a range of ; growth stops at . Like other Sporobolomyces species, S. koalae has coenzyme Q10 as its major ubiquinone, it lacks the monosaccharide xylose in whole-cell hydrolysates, and it cannot ferment sugars.
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When grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar culture media, the fungus grows slowly as black, slimy, yeast- like colonies that reach a diameter of 2 mm after 14 days at . Then the colony centers develop a velvety texture and become greenish-gray and dome-shaped, while retaining a slimy and yeast-like margin. After 14 days, the ellipsoidal yeast-like cells are brown when stained with lactophenol cotton blue, and measure 6 by 3.5 µm. They have ringed zones that pinch off to create budding cells.
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They are black, with a globose to subglobose shape. The lateral and terminal hairs of the ascomata are 500-1500 μm long, 4-6 μm wide with an olive-brown colour and may contain tips with are rolled in a flat coil towards the center. The pale brown ascospores are ellipsoidal (or football-shaped) and contain one germ pore that is roughly 13-16 x 8-10.5 μm. Mating behaviour of the fungus is unknown because single- spore cultures lose the ability to produce ascomata.
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Phialophora fastigiata are microscopically recognized by the production of light brown, flask-shaped phialides that are produced laterally on hyphae and produce funnel-shaped collarettes. In Petri dish cultures, the fungus tends to develop hyphal strands that are 3-4μm in diameter and show cell-wall thickening with age. Slimy conidia are produced in clumps at the apex of phialides, and are oval shaped (ovoid) to button shaped (ellipsoidal) with a pinched base. The conidia initially exhibit a hyaline (unpigmented) appearance, but turn light brown with age.
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It forms a suspected ellipsoidal variable with a period of 80 days and an amplitude variation of 0.08 in magnitude. The primary component is an aging red giant/bright giant with a stellar classification of M1/M2II/III, currently on the asymptotic giant branch. With the supply of hydrigen at its core exhausted, it has expanded to 160 times the girth of the Sun. It is radiating 3,562 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,562 K.
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The giant elliptical galaxy ESO 325-G004 An elliptical galaxy is a type of galaxy with an approximately ellipsoidal shape and a smooth, nearly featureless image. They are one of the three main classes of galaxy described by Edwin Hubble in his Hubble sequence and 1936 work The Realm of the Nebulae, Alt URL(pp. 124–151) along with spiral and lenticular galaxies. Elliptical (E) galaxies are, together with lenticular galaxies (S0) with their large-scale disks, and ES galaxiesLiller, M.H. (1966), The Distribution of Intensity in Elliptical Galaxies of the Virgo Cluster.
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A period of 5.1 days has been assigned for the orbit of the binary, which is approximately the same as the rotation period of the star. Unlike typical rotating ellipsoidal variables, there is no clearly defined period in the variations in brightness. Data derived from the assumption of a binary system, for example the mass, are highly uncertain due to the lack of information about the inclination or eccentricity of the orbit, or even whether there is a companion. The spectral lines of 68 Cygni vary erratically, but possibly with a period around 5 days.
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HGRS87 specifies a non- geocentric datum that is tied to the coordinates of the key geodetic station at the Dionysos Satellite Observatory (DSO) northeast of Athens (). The central pedestal (CP) at this location has by definition HGRS87 coordinates 38° 4' 33.8000" N - 23° 55' 51.0000"E, N = +7 m. Although HGRS87 uses the GRS80 ellipsoid, the origin is shifted relative to the GRS80 geocenter, so that the ellipsoidal surface is best for Greece. The specified offsets relative to WGS84 (WGS84-HGRS87) are: Δx = -199.87 m, Δy = 74.79 m, Δz = 246.62 m.
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It was placed inside its ellipsoidal aerodynamic bombshell and wheeled out, where it was signed by nearly 60 people, including Purnell, Brigadier General Thomas F. Farrell, and Parsons. It was then wheeled to the bomb bay of the B-29 Superfortress named Bockscar after the plane's command pilot Captain Frederick C. Bock, who flew The Great Artiste with his crew on the mission. Bockscar was flown by Major Charles W. Sweeney and his crew, with Commander Frederick L. Ashworth from Project Alberta as the weaponeer in charge of the bomb.
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One block of material contained abundant marcasite, galena, sphalerite and minor fine-grained arsenopyrite, in dolomitic matrix. In Namibia ianbruceite has been found in the zinc pocket at the 44 Level, Tsumeb Mine, as sky blue to very pale blue platy crystals associated with leiteite, köttigite, legrandite and adamite. It occurs as thin platy crystals up to 80 μm long and a few μm thick, which form flattened aggregates up to 0.10 mm across, and ellipsoidal aggregates up to 0.5 mm across, associated with coarse white leiteite, dark blue köttigite, minor legrandite and adamite.
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If the cross-section of the circular object deviates slightly from its circular shape (but it still has a sharp edge on a smaller scale) the shape of the point-source Arago spot changes. In particular, if the object has an ellipsoidal cross-section the Arago spot has the shape of an evolute. Note that this is only the case if the source is close to an ideal point source. From an extended source the Arago spot is only affected marginally, since one can interpret the Arago spot as a point-spread function.
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A toroidal mirror is a reflector whose surface is a section of a torus, defined by two radii of curvature. Such reflectors are easier to manufacture than mirrors with a surface described by a paraboloid or ellipsoid. They suffer from spherical aberration and coma, but do not suffer from astigmatism like a spherical mirror when used in an off-axis geometry, provided the angle of incidence is matched to the design angle. Because they are easier to manufacture, they are much cheaper than ellipsoidal or paraboloidal mirrors for the same surface quality.
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Next, he concentrated on the theory of radiative transfer and the quantum theory of the negative ion of hydrogen from 1943 to 1950. This was followed by sustained work on turbulence and hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability from 1950 to 1961. In the 1960s, he studied the equilibrium and the stability of ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium, and also general relativity. During the period, 1971 to 1983 he studied the mathematical theory of black holes, and, finally, during the late 80s, he worked on the theory of colliding gravitational waves.
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In the late 1950s Trixon produced its most recognizable product, the ellipsoidal bass drum, dubbed the "Speedfire". Resembling a cylinder flattened on one side into a trapezoidal-like shape, the drum was designed to be fitted with two bass drum pedals side-by-side. The interior of the drum was divided into two sections, and the unique shape of the shell allowed each pedal to produce a different pitch. Another innovation was the "Telstar" series, which featured conical shaped tom-toms and bass drums, tapered so one end was narrower than the other.
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Trixon is a former German musical instrument manufacturing company, established in 1947 by Karl-Heinz Weimer. Trixon drums were remarkable for their innovations in their construction, including conical and ellipsoidal shaped shells, and unique designs in mounting hardware. Their product line eventually included vibraphones, xylophones, conga drums and many stands and fittings. After the company closed, the Trixon brand has had two revivals, the first in 1997 (which lasted a short time after all the inventory was destroyed by fire) and the second in 2007, which has remained to present days.
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The ellipsoidal and projective algorithms were published before the criss-cross algorithm. However, like the simplex algorithm of Dantzig, the criss-cross algorithm is not a polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming. Terlaky's criss-cross algorithm visits all the 2D corners of a (perturbed) cube in dimension D, according to a paper of Roos; Roos's paper modifies the Klee–Minty construction of a cube on which the simplex algorithm takes 2D steps. Like the simplex algorithm, the criss-cross algorithm visits all 8 corners of the three-dimensional cube in the worst case.
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Isaac Newton explained this in his Principia Mathematica (1687) in which he outlined his theory and calculations on the shape of the Earth. Newton theorized correctly that the Earth was not precisely a sphere but had an oblate ellipsoidal shape, slightly flattened at the poles due to the centrifugal force of its rotation. Since the surface of the Earth is closer to its center at the poles than at the equator, gravity is stronger there. Using geometric calculations, he gave a concrete argument as to the hypothetical ellipsoid shape of the Earth.
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Coprinites sports fifteen nondeccurent lamellae, or gills, which reach the outer pileus and thirteen lamellulae, short gills which do not reach the edge, of varying lengths. The pileus is centered on the stipe, which is in diameter and incomplete, with part of the stipe base preserved in the amber next to the pileus. The light brown basidiospores, present on the hymenium associated with the fruiting body, are smooth and ellipsoidal to oblong. Each basidiospore is approximately 6 to 7 μm long and appear to possess a germ pore.
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The eggs laid by the queen are ellipsoidal, leathery objects between one-half and one meter (two and three feet) high with a four-lobed opening at the top. The eggs can remain in a stasis mode for years, possibly indefinitely, until nearby movement is detected. As a potential host approaches, the egg's lobes unfold like flower petals, and the parasitic facehugger extracts itself from the egg and attaches itself to the potential host. Giger initially designed the eggs with a much more obvious vaginal appearance, complete with an "inner and outer vulva".
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It is an RS Canum Venaticorum variable with a period of 19.6 days, matching the orbital period. The stellar luminosity shows indications of ellipsoidal variation, as the primary component is partly filling its Roche lobe due to gravitational interaction between the two stars. The primary component is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K1 III. It has a relatively high rate of spin for a giant star, showing a projected rotational velocity of 26.2 km/s and a rotation period of 19.47 days.
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Paecilomyces marquandii is an anamorphic eurotiomycete. It forms brush-like conidiophores borne on thin-walled, hyaline, and smooth-walled stalks that reach lengths from 50 to 300 μm and 2.5 to 3 μm wide. Conidiophores of P. marquandii resemble those of the genus Penicillium where brush-like conidiophores terminate with phialides with swollen bases and tapered necks 8 to 15 μm long and 1.5 to 2 μm wide. Conidia are produced in connected chains consisting of smooth walled hyaline broadly ellipsoidal to spindle-shaped spores, 3 to 3.5 μm long and 2.2 μm wide.
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The main idea of the median filter is to run through the signal entry by entry, replacing each entry with the median of neighboring entries. The pattern of neighbors is called the "window", which slides, entry by entry, over the entire signal. For one- dimensional signals, the most obvious window is just the first few preceding and following entries, whereas for two-dimensional (or higher-dimensional) data the window must include all entries within a given radius or ellipsoidal region (i.e. the median filter is not a separable filter).
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Timema eggs are soft, ellipsoidal, and about two mm long, with a lid-like structure at one end (the operculum) through which the nymph will emerge. Timema females use particles of dirt, which they have previously ingested, to coat their eggs. The eggs of many stick insects, including Timema, are attractive to ants, who carry them away to their burrows to feed on the egg's capitulum, while leaving the rest of the egg intact to hatch. The emerging nymph passes through six or seven instars before reaching adulthood.
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The Kepler-35 system consists of two stars slightly less massive than the sun in a 21-day orbit aligned edge-on to us so that the stars eclipse each other. The orbit has a semi-major axis and a mild eccentricity of 0.16. of The precise measurements made by the Kepler satellite allow doppler beaming to be detected, as well as brightness variations due to the ellipsoidal shape of the stars and reflections of one star on the other. The primary star has a mass of and a radius fractionally larger than the sun.
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Map of the Bridge River Ash The Bridge River Ash is a large geologically recent volcanic ash deposit that spans from southwestern British Columbia to central Alberta, Canada. The ash consists of dust-sized shards ellipsoidal fragments of pumice. It overlaps the Mount St. Helens Yn Ash and the Mazama Ash which were erupted from Mount St. Helens and Mount Mazama about 3,400 and 6,800 years ago. Even though the name Bridge River Ash is consistent with the Bridge River Cones, the ash did not originate from these volcanoes.
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Thebe imaged by the Galileo spacecraft in January 2000 Thebe is irregularly shaped, with the closest ellipsoidal approximation being 116×98×84 km. Its surface area is probably between 31,000 and 59,000 (~45,000) km2. Its bulk density and mass are not known, but assuming that its mean density is like that of Amalthea (around 0.86 g/cm3), its mass can be estimated at roughly 4.3 kg. Similarly to all inner satellites of Jupiter, Thebe rotates synchronously with its orbital motion, thus keeping one face always looking toward the planet.
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The deformation depends on the field magnitude and the orbital type of outer shell electrons, as shown by group- theoretical considerations. Aspherical deviations might be elicited for instance in crystals, where large crystal-electrical fields may occur at low- symmetry lattice sites. Significant ellipsoidal deformations have been shown to occur for sulfur ions and chalcogen ions in pyrite-type compounds. Atomic dimensions are thousands of times smaller than the wavelengths of light (400–700 nm) so they cannot be viewed using an optical microscope, although individual atoms can be observed using a scanning tunneling microscope.
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British physicist Isaac Newton explained this in his Principia Mathematica (1687) in which he outlined his theory and calculations on the shape of the Earth. Newton theorized correctly that the Earth was not precisely a sphere but had an oblate ellipsoidal shape, slightly flattened at the poles due to the centrifugal force of its rotation. Since the surface of the Earth is closer to its center at the poles than at the equator, gravity is stronger there. Using geometric calculations, he gave a concrete argument as to the hypothetical ellipsoid shape of the Earth.
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In order to do so, they went on an expedition to Lapland in an attempt to accurately measure the meridian arc. From such measurements they could calculate the eccentricity of the Earth, its degree of departure from a perfect sphere. Clairaut confirmed that Newton's theory that the Earth was ellipsoidal was correct, but his calculations were in error, and wrote a letter to the Royal Society of London with his findings. The society published an article in Philosophical Transactions the following year in 1737 that revealed his discovery.
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Massachusetts State House, Boston, Massachusetts (1795–1798) Hamilton Hall, 9 Chestnut Street was built in 1805 by Samuel McIntire in Salem, Massachusetts. In the 1780s the Federal style of architecture began to diverge bit-by-bit from the Georgian style and became a uniquely American genre. At the time of the War of Independence, houses stretched out along a strictly rectangular plan, adopting curved lines and favoring decorative details such as garlands and urns. Certain openings were ellipsoidal in form, one or several pieces were oval or circular.
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Selecting a model for a shape of the Earth involves choosing between the advantages and disadvantages of a sphere versus an ellipsoid. Spherical models are useful for small-scale maps such as world atlases and globes, since the error at that scale is not usually noticeable or important enough to justify using the more complicated ellipsoid. The ellipsoidal model is commonly used to construct topographic maps and for other large- and medium-scale maps that need to accurately depict the land surface. Auxiliary latitudes are often employed in projecting the ellipsoid.
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The fruits are elongate to ellipsoidal in form, being by , and indehiscent. The enlarged calyx present on the fruits is thought to have been used for wind transport, with the calyx being dish to funnel shaped and born approximately three-quarters of the way up the fruit from the base. Formed from a persistent paranth, the calyx may have been accrescent, as small-sized calyces are known. It is unknown what the petals and stamens looked like, as none have been found, possibly being shed during fruit formation.
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The AD Andromedae system consists of two close main sequence stars of spectral type A0V. They orbit so close to each other that they have an ellipsoidal shape induced by their gravitational interaction. The presence in this system of a third body with a minimum mass of 2.21 has been proposed; however, it should give a significant contribution to the light emitted by the system, and has not been detected yet. A possible solution is for two unseen, but less massive and luminous, stars orbiting close to each other.
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Later, metal was sputtered onto glass so as to form a discontinuous coating, or small areas of a continuous coating were removed by chemical or mechanical action to produce a very literally "half-silvered" surface. Instead of a metallic coating, a dichroic optical coating may be used. Depending on its characteristics, the ratio of reflection to transmission will vary as a function of the wavelength of the incident light. Dichroic mirrors are used in some ellipsoidal reflector spotlights to split off unwanted infrared (heat) radiation, and as output couplers in laser construction.
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Most of these variations can be accounted for by the orbit of the two stars and material being transferred from the primary to the secondary, with the gas being involved in partial eclipses and possible also a partial eclipse of the primary star. The two stars are also distorted into ellipsoidal shapes by their gravity and vary in brightness as they rotate. In addition to the orbital variations, two pulsation modes have been observed with amplitudes of a few thousandths of a magnitude and periods of 0.77 and 1.42 days.
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The National Theater is located on the southern side of Francisco Morazán Plaza on Calle Delgado. It was built in the French Renaissance style with details done in the Rococo, Romantic, and Art Nouveau styles, and can seat 650 spectators in the Grand Hall. It has balconies on three levels—the Presidential Balcony, located between the third and second Floor, has a direct view of center stage. The building features an ellipsoidal dome containing a mural by painter Carlos Cañas and a crystal chandelier; other impressive spaces include the Chamber Hall and the Grand Foyer.
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In 1972, John W. Paden again described the anamorph, but like Molliard, failed to give a complete description of the species. In 1984, Paden created a new genus Molliardiomyces to contain the anamorphic forms of several Sarcoscypha species, with Molliardiomyces eucoccinea as the type species. This form produces colorless conidiophores (specialized stalks that bear conidia) that are usually irregularly branched, measuring 30–110 by 3.2–4.7 µm. The conidia are ellipsoidal to egg-shaped, smooth, translucent (hyaline), and 4.8–16.0 by 2.3–5.8 µm; they tend to accumulate in "mucilaginous masses".
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The latter is particularly important because optical instruments containing gravity-reference leveling devices are commonly used to make geodetic measurements. When properly adjusted, the vertical axis of the instrument coincides with the direction of gravity and is, therefore, perpendicular to the geoid. The angle between the plumb line which is perpendicular to the geoid (sometimes called "the vertical") and the perpendicular to the ellipsoid (sometimes called "the ellipsoidal normal") is defined as the deflection of the vertical. It has two components: an east–west and a north–south component.
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In this Abstract Specification, a coordinate reference system shall be composed of one coordinate system and one datum. A coordinate system is a set of mathematical rules for specifying how coordinates are to be assigned to points, such as: affine, cylindrical, Cartesian, ellipsoidal, linear, polar, spherical, vertical, etc. A datum is a set of parameters that define the position of the origin, the scale, and the orientation of a coordinate system. The main subtypes of coordinate reference system are: geodetic, vertical, engineering, and image; additional subtypes are: derived, projected, and compound.
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ETC Source Four ERS. The ellipsoidal reflector spotlight (ERS), also known as profile (after its ability to project the silhouette or profile of anything put in the gate) (UK) and Découpe (French), is the most abundant instrument type currently in theatrical use. The flexibility of the ERS allows it to fulfill the bulk of lighting roles in the theater. They are sometimes known as a profile spotlight (in Europe) or by their brand names, especially the Source Four (a popular lantern from ETC) and 2 the Leko (short for Lekolite, from Strand lighting).
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The ellipsoidal fruits of E. constans range from in length and they vary in width from with a typically tapering and long stipe. While the tip of the fruit is quite rounded, the stigmatic notch is placed off center from the tip. While very similar in appearance to E. montana the two are distinguishable by the larger size and longer stipe of E. constans. E. eocenica is larger than E. constans and is notably different in the structure of the fruit tip, which is distinctly pointed rather than rounded as seen in E. constans.
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In 1995 Seifert, Samson and Chapela isolated Escovopsis aspergilloides from nests of the Trachymyrmex ruthae - an ant species originally from Trinidad. E. aspergilloides differs from other species in Escovopsis weberi by its "globose vesicles and narrow, ellipsoidal conidia." American entomologist and myrmecologist Neal A. Weber began publishing his research on ants in 1934 continued to investigate the relationship between ants and fungus gardens for 35 years. Little had been published in the twentieth century about the species Escovopsis and ant gardens prior to his 1966 article "Fungus-growing ants" in the journal Science.
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Rosette and lower pitchers are typically wholly cylindrical or ellipsoidal, but may be slightly swollen in the basal portion. They can reach 24 cm in height by 9 cm in width, although they are more commonly up to 16 high by 7.5 cm wide. A pair of fringed wings up to 20 mm wide runs down the ventral surface of the pitcher cup, with filaments up to 16 mm long. The peristome is more-or-less cylindrical and up to 2.5 cm wide, becoming broader towards the sides and rear.
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Chaetomium convolutum can have a disposition to develop into some forms of C. bostrychodes, developing narrowly ellipsoidal or narrowly ovoidal perithecia restricted just below the darkened periostiolar collar. Similarly, C. bostrychodes appears similar morphologically to Collariella hilkhuijsenii, but C. bostrychodes can be distinguished via their larger ascospores and thicker terminal ascomatal hairs compared to those of C. hilkhuijsenii. The ascomatal walls are brown or ochraceous and composed of angular 5 to 12 μm cells. These tend to fracture underneath the terminal hairs, which then break away as a unit.
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This image, created from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data in visible and infrared light (filters u,g,i,z) and covers an area on the sky around 8 arcminutes across. The black hole in A0620-00 pulls matter from the K-type star into an accretion disk. The accretion disk emits significant amounts of visible light and X-rays. Because the K-type star has been pulled into an ellipsoidal shape, the amount of surface area visible, and thus the apparent brightness, changes from the Earth's perspective.
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The wooden, cantilever, two-spar wing of the U 7 was almost trapezoidal in plan, with sweep on the leading edge, out to ellipsoidal tips. It also thinned outwards in section with most of the taper on the upper surface, giving some anhedral. Short ailerons extended to the tips. The wing was mounted over the fuselage on six streamlined steel struts; two upright tripods ran from the forward spar to points on the upper and mid fuselage and two inverted V-struts joined the rear spar to the upper fuselage.
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Olive- brown in color, they are surrounded by a uniform gelatinous sheath about 6 μm thick, and have an umbilicus (a single compact strand of fused hyphae) at the top. The primary septum is initially laid down in the lower third of the ascospore, and the larger, upper hemispores are subsequently divided by a transverse septum. The ascospores germinate readily from one or several cells. When grown in pure culture, the fungus forms conidiomata that make ellipsoidal, one-celled, brown conidia, measuring 4.5–7 by 2.5–3.5 μm.
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Also, PCA is a traditional way of fitting a closed ellipsoid to a Gaussian cloud of points (whatever their dimension): this suggests the concept of bounded variation. The idea behind PDM's is that eigenvectors can be linearly combined to create an infinity of new shape instances that will 'look like' the one in the training set. The coefficients are bounded alike the values of the corresponding eigenvalues, so as to ensure the generated 2n/3n-dimensional dot will remain into the hyper-ellipsoidal allowed domain—allowable shape domain (ASD).
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The thick-walled asci (spore-bearing cells) are 85–105 by 13–15 μm, eight-spored, cylindrical, and pedunculate (growing from a short stalk). The ascospores are biseriate (arranged into parallel rows in the ascus), ellipsoidal to spindle-shaped, sometimes strongly tapered at the lower end, contain three septa, and measure 21–275 by 6–9 μm. They are strongly constricted at the central septum, less so at the others, hyaline, and surrounded by a gelatinous sheath with an umbilicus (a single compact strand of fused hyphae) at the lower end.
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The SeaChanger has achieved a much higher level of commercial success. In 2009, Morpheus Lights introduced the PacificFader™ line of dichroic colour changers, which were specifically developed for use with the modular Selecon Pacific ellipsoidal fixtures manufactured by Philips Entertainment. PacificFader™ units were available with either 3, 4, or 5 control parameters: PacificFader™3 provided C,Y,M colour mixing for use with tungsten fixtures. PacificFader™4 added a smooth optical dimmer/douser to the C,Y,M control, for use with energy efficient arc sources (CDM, MSR, MSD).
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Stone accepted the challenge, and several collaborative proposals were submitted to NASA. It wasn't until 2003 that NASA would finally fund DEPTHX as a three-year, $5 million project. The vehicle underwent several different design concepts over the next couple of years as engineers at Stone Aerospace explored various options. Initial designs focused on a less ellipsoidal design, however these designs were abandoned due to concerns that such a shape would be difficult to maneuver out of the potentially tight spots it might encounter during the exploration of unknown territory.
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The main body of the structure is a rectangle, 112 m by 96 m, composed of four walls in pink and yellow-tinted molasse stone from the ancient quarries at Cap Couronne, with no outward facing windows. On the inside are three arcaded galleries superposed on each other, opening onto an interior courtyard measuring 82 m by 45 m. In the centre of the courtyard is a harmonious chapel, a round church, crowned by an ellipsoidal dome and fronted by a portico in the classical style with Corinthian columns. This Baroque chapel ranks as one of Puget's most original designs.
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Dark brown frass is plastered on the central part of the lower wall of the mine-gallery. In the first four instars the larva is flat and of the sap-feeding type, while in the last instar it is cylindrical and of the tissue-feeding type, but never feeds on the tissue consisting of lower parenchyma cells. At full maturity it cuts a semicircular hole at a corner of the mine through the upper epidermis, and then leaves the mine through the hole to pupate. It spins an oval or ellipsoidal cocoon at an edge of the contracted leaf.
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The scale factor at the origin (the poles) is adjusted to minimize the overall distortion of scale within the mapped region. As with the Mercator projection, the region near the tangent (or secant) point on a Stereographic map remains very close to true scale for an angular distance of a few degrees. In the ellipsoidal model, a stereographic projection tangent to the pole has a scale factor of less than 1.003 at 84° latitude and 1.008 at 80° latitude. The adjustment of the scale factor in the UPS projection reduces the average scale distortion over the entire zone.
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The nonnegative orthant of Rn and the space of all positive semidefinite matrices are self-dual, as are the cones with ellipsoidal base (often called "spherical cones", "Lorentz cones", or sometimes "ice-cream cones"). So are all cones in R3 whose base is the convex hull of a regular polygon with an odd number of vertices. A less regular example is the cone in R3 whose base is the "house": the convex hull of a square and a point outside the square forming an equilateral triangle (of the appropriate height) with one of the sides of the square.
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The isometric latitude, , is used in the development of the ellipsoidal versions of the normal Mercator projection and the Transverse Mercator projection. The name "isometric" arises from the fact that at any point on the ellipsoid equal increments of and longitude give rise to equal distance displacements along the meridians and parallels respectively. The graticule defined by the lines of constant and constant , divides the surface of the ellipsoid into a mesh of squares (of varying size). The isometric latitude is zero at the equator but rapidly diverges from the geodetic latitude, tending to infinity at the poles.
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This is a list of possibly gravitationally rounded objects of the Solar System, which are objects that have a rounded, ellipsoidal shape due to their own gravity (hydrostatic equilibrium). Their sizes range from planetary-mass objects like dwarf planets and some moons to the planets and the Sun. This list does not include small Solar System bodies, but it does include a sample of possible planetary-mass objects whose shapes have yet to be determined. The Sun's orbital characteristics are listed in relation to the Galactic Center, while all other objects are listed in order of their distance from the Sun.
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The hairy surface, penicilli are 8-12 µm long. The conidia are smooth-walled, ellipsoidal in shape, measuring 2.5-4.0 µm long, and are blue or bluish-green in colour. It exists in a number of strains, of which the most important are Fleming’s strain (designated CBS 205.57 or NRRL 824 or IBT 30142) from which the first penicillin was discovered and the Wisconsin strain (NRRL1951) obtained from a cantaloupe in Peoria, Illinois, in 1944 and has been used for industrial production of penicillin G. The original Wisconsin strain itself has been produced in a variety of strains.
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The large-scale aluminium sculpture at the top of the curving steps at the entrance on the corner of Bligh and O'Connell streets is by New York-based Australian James Angus. The developers describe it as "a complex network of three-dimensional ellipsoidal surfaces drawn from shapes expressed in the design of the building", adding that its brightly painted colour scheme traces the underlying geometry of the sculpture. The building was named the Best Tall Building Award in Asia & Australasia for 2012 in the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat's Skyscraper Awards and also won the International Highrise Award 2012.
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The space-oblique Mercator projection (SOM) was developed by John P. Snyder, Alden Partridge Colvocoresses and John L. Junkins in 1976. Snyder had an interest in maps, originating back to his childhood and he regularly attended cartography conferences while on vacation. In 1972, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) needed to develop a system for reducing the amount of distortion caused when satellite pictures of the ellipsoidal Earth were printed on a flat page. Colvocoresses, the head of the USGS's national mapping program, asked attendees of a geodetic sciences conferences for help solving the projection problem in 1976.
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There are examples of algorithms that do not have polynomial-time complexity. For example, a generalization of Gaussian elimination called Buchberger's algorithm has for its complexity an exponential function of the problem data (the degree of the polynomials and the number of variables of the multivariate polynomials). Because exponential functions eventually grow much faster than polynomial functions, an exponential complexity implies that an algorithm has slow performance on large problems. Several algorithms for linear programming—Khachiyan's ellipsoidal algorithm, Karmarkar's projective algorithm, and central-path algorithms—have polynomial time-complexity (in the worst case and thus on average).
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It was only in 1743 that Alexis Clairaut, in Théorie de la figure de la terre, was able to show that Newton's theory that the Earth was ellipsoidal was correct Clairaut showed how Newton's equations were incorrect, and did not prove an ellipsoid shape to the Earth. However, he corrected problems with the theory, that in effect would prove Newton's theory correct. Clairaut believed that Newton had reasons for choosing the shape that he did, but he did not support it in Principia. Clairaut's article did not provide a valid equation to back up his argument as well.
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Schematic of Periodic Droplet Deformation Between Prolate and Oblate Shapes Due to the Presence of an Oscillating Electric Field Electrohydrodynamic droplet deformation is a phenomenon that occurs when liquid droplets suspended in a second immiscible liquid are exposed to an oscillating electric field. Under these conditions, the droplet will periodically deform between prolate and oblate ellipsoidal shapes. The characteristic frequency and magnitude of the deformation is determined by a balance of electrodynamic, hydrodynamic, and capillary stresses acting on the droplet interface. This phenomenon has been studied extensively both mathematically and experimentally because of the complex fluid dynamics that occur.
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Eggs are 2 mm long and near- ellipsoidal in shape, with the shell smooth and unsculpted. Eggs are usually laid in clusters of 3-200 in the foliage of the upper crown, while a small number are laid on the trunk near the ground. After hatching the shells are consumed over a period of two to three days by the young larvae, a process that triggers their plant-feeding response and so plays an important role in their development. Incubation of the eggs laid in mid-summer takes about 18 or 19 days, and 21 to 28 days for those laid in winter.
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Influenza A virus structure The influenzavirus virion is pleomorphic; the viral envelope can occur in spherical and filamentous forms. In general, the virus's morphology is ellipsoidal with particles 80 to 120 nm in diameter, or filamentous with particles 80 to 120 nm in diameter and up to 20 µm long. There are some 500 distinct spike-like surface projections in the envelope each projecting 10 to 14 nm from the surface with varying surface densities. The major glycoprotein (HA) spike is interposed irregularly by clusters of neuraminidase (NA) spikes, with a ratio of HA to NA of about 4.5 to 1.
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Center of Electron Microscopy, Department of Physics, Escola Politécnica, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil It was found that A. stellifera mucous granules had a rounded profile, which is an indication that they have an ellipsoidal shape in three dimensions. They were also organized in a regular hexagonal array, indicating that there could be some kind of binding material giving the bundle the shape of a hexagonal rod. This was different than what had been previously discovered, electron microscopic studies of various tissues containing mucus-secreting cells all showed a lack of an organized structure.
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SAgs are produced intracellularly by bacteria and are released upon infection as extracellular mature toxins. The sequences of these toxins are relatively conserved among the different subgroups. More important than sequence homology, the 3D structure is very similar among different SAgs resulting in similar functional effects among different groups. Crystal structures of the enterotoxins reveals that they are compact, ellipsoidal proteins sharing a characteristic two-domain folding pattern comprising an NH2-terminal β barrel globular domain known as the oligosaccharide / oligonucleotide fold, a long α-helix that diagonally spans the center of the molecule, and a COOH terminal globular domain.
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In 1922 Jeffery published a paper describing the motion of ellipsoidal particles in a viscous fluid and setting out what are now known as Jeffery's equations. In 1923, with W. Perrett, he published what has become the definitive English translation of the seminal papers on relativity by Einstein, Lorenz, Weyl and Minkowski. In connection with this work, he corresponded with Einstein and others. In 1926, together with O. Baldwin, he published a paper presenting the gravitational plane waves, which are widely regarded as one of the most important of all exact solutions of the Einstein field equation in general relativity.
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AO Cassiopeiae, also known as Pearce's Star, is a binary system composed of an O8 main sequence star and an O9.2 bright giant that respectively weigh anywhere between 20.30 and 57.75 times and 14.8 and 31.73 times the mass of the Sun. The AO Cas system is an eclipsing binary with a period of roughly 3.5 days, with the apparent magnitude ranging between 6.07 and 6.24. Stars of this brightness are generally just visible to the unaided eye in dark skies in semirural locations. The component stars are so close to each other they are ellipsoidal (egg-shaped).
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Unlike the trunk lobes of modern elephants, the upper "finger" at the tip of the trunk had a long pointed lobe and was long, while the lower "thumb" was and was broader. The trunk of "Dima" was long, whereas the trunk of the adult "Liakhov mammoth" was long. The well- preserved trunk of a juvenile specimen nicknamed "Yuka" was described in 2015, and it was shown to possess a fleshy expansion a third above the tip. Rather than oval as the rest of the trunk, this part was ellipsoidal in cross section, and double the size in diameter.
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The dimorphic form of the species mainly exists and grows vegetatively as either a filamentous hyphae (mould form) or as spherical yeast (yeast form). However, the organism is best known from the mould form which is characterised by the production of asexual reproductive state consisting of tall (up to 2 cm) needle-like sporangiophores with an apical swelling enclosed by a large sporangium filled with ellipsoidal, single-celled, smooth-walled, unpigmented sporangiospores. In the laboratory, the fungus forms dark grey or light grey colonies on most common laboratory media. If subjected to anaerobic conditions, the fungus may convert to the yeast-like form.
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This is a B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B1/B2 V. Sigma Lupi is a Helium strong star with an enhanced abundance nitrogen and an underabundance of carbon. Jerzykiewicz and Sterken (1992) showed a small amplitude variability with a period of 3.02 days. This suggests it is a close binary system forming a rotating ellipsoidal variable, although other causes such as rotational modulation can not be ruled out. There is a higher frequency photometric variability with a rate of 10.93482 per day and an amplitude of 0.0031 in visual magnitude, but the cause of this is unknown.
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The insights provided by the ventricular myocardial band model allows glimpses of possible advances in cardiac surgical procedures, notably those associated with the remodeling seen in hearts with systolic heart failure. This procedure aims to improve the shape of the ventricles in dilated hearts by removing part of the excess muscle tissue within the ventricular cavity (ventriculotomy). However, using Torrent-Guasp model, Drs. Suma and Burkberg replaced the ventriculotomy by placing a Dacron patch longitudinal to the muscle fibers, modeling the ventricular cavity with an abnormal spherical shape to a normal ellipsoidal shape, therefore improving the stroke volume.
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Huya was considered to be a possible dwarf planet due to its presumed high brightness, which corresponds to a large diameter. Astronomer Gonzalo Tancredi considered Huya as a possible dwarf planet with an estimated diameter larger than , the suggested minimum size for icy objects to maintain a spheroidal shape. However, later measurements of Huya's diameter yielded smaller size estimates, casting doubt on the possibility of Huya as a dwarf planet. Adopting Herschel's mean diameter estimate of , Huya is slightly larger than Saturn's moon Mimas, which is ellipsoidal in shape, and Huya is slightly smaller than Neptune's moon Proteus, which is irregular in shape.
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Spica , designated α Virginis (Latinised to Alpha Virginis, abbreviated Alpha Vir, α Vir), is the brightest object in the constellation Virgo and one of the 20 brightest stars in the night sky. Analysis of its parallax shows that it is located 250 ± 10 light years from the Sun. It is a spectroscopic binary star and rotating ellipsoidal variable; a system whose two stars are so close together they are egg-shaped rather than spherical, and can only be separated by their spectra. The primary is a blue giant and a variable star of the Beta Cephei type.
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In the past the inner pair, designated component A, has been described as an eclipsing binary system, showing a primary minimum of 6.05 and a secondary minimum of 6.04. They have an orbital period of 0.841658 days, zero eccentricity, and an inclination of 19 degrees. However, Bruno Cester argued that the apparent eclipses are not real, and were caused by seeing different portions of distorted-shaped stars in a near contact binary system. As of 2017, it is classified as a rotating ellipsoidal variable and possibly a W Ursae Majoris- type system, although not in physical contact.
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Following Khachiyan's work, the ellipsoid method was the only algorithm for solving linear programs whose runtime had been proved to be polynomial until Karmarkar's algorithm. However, Karmarkar's interior-point method and variants of the simplex algorithm are much faster than the ellipsoid method in practice. Karmarkar's algorithm is also faster in the worst case. However, the ellipsoidal algorithm allows complexity theorists to achieve (worst-case) bounds that depend on the dimension of the problem and on the size of the data, but not on the number of rows, so it remained important in combinatorial optimization theory for many years.
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The building contains three levels of seats, including a Presidential box at the center of the second level, and has seating for 650 people. The structure is surmounted by an ellipsoidal dome, the interior of which is adorned with a mural painted by Carlos Cañas and a crystal chandelier. San Salvador is also home to the museum Museo de Arte de El Salvador (MARTE), whose collection includes artworks dating from the mid-19th century to the contemporary era. The museum has held temporary exhibitions of works by internationally renowned artists like Picasso, Rembrandt, Salvador Dalí and Joan Miró.
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These halos would continue to grow in mass (and size), either through accretion of material from their immediate neighborhood, or by merging with other halos. Numerical simulations of CDM structure formation have been found to proceed as follows: A small volume with small perturbations initially expands with the expansion of the Universe. As time proceeds, small-scale perturbations grow and collapse to form small halos. At a later stage, these small halos merge to form a single virialized dark matter halo with an ellipsoidal shape, which reveals some substructure in the form of dark matter sub-halos.
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The fuselage of the Su-25 has an ellipsoidal section and is of semi-monocoque, stressed-skin construction, arranged as a longitudinal load-bearing framework of longerons, beams and stringers, with a transverse load-bearing assembly of frames. The one-piece horizontal tailplane is attached to the load-bearing frame at two mounting points. Early versions of the Su-25 were equipped with two R-95Sh non- afterburning turbojets, in compartments on either side of the rear fuselage. The engines, sub-assemblies and surrounding fuselage are cooled by air provided by the cold air intakes on top of the engine nacelles.
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Recently, the performance of solid-state atomic mirrors was greatly enhanced with so-called ridged mirrors (or Fresnel diffraction mirrors). The specular reflection of an atomic wave from a ridged mirror can be interpreted as spatial Zeno effect. At the appropriate ellipsoidal profile, such a mirror could be used for focusing of an atomic beam into a spot of some tens of nanometers; the scattering of atoms from this spot brings the image of the object, like in the scanning confocal microscope, scanning electron microscope, or scanning probe microscopy. The scheme shown in the picture is one possibility.
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I. Theory and experimental method and Polarization of the fluorescence of macromolecules. II. Fluorescent conjugates of ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin. The theory paper (which contains an acknowledgement to F. Perrin for his suggestions) includes an extension of Perrin’s theory of depolarization due to rotation of ellipsoidal molecules. Specifically, Weber showed that Perrin’s complex equations, which required a knowledge of the orientation of the fluorophore’s absorption and emission oscillators with respect to the axis of rotation of the ellipsoid, could be considerably simplified if the fluorophores carrying the oscillators were assumed to be randomly oriented on the macromolecule.
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Neoglaphyrites is a gonititid ammonite that lived during the latest Pennsylvanian and early Permian. Its shell is ellipsoidal and moderately involute; the umbilicus deep and typically less than 15 per cent of the shell diameter but in some species closer to 20 per cent. Delicate growth lines forming ventral and lateral sinuses and ventrolateral and dorsolateral salients have been found on Canadian Arctic specimens. The suture is characterized by the ventral lobe split into two broad prongs that are separated by a high median ventral saddle; prongs closely approximate the width of the first lateral lobe.
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Estimates of the combined stellar classification for this system range from F5III to F6IV, with the luminosity class of 'IV' or 'III' indicating the primary component is a subgiant or giant star, respectively. It is a member of a close binary system—a spectroscopic binary—whose components complete an orbit about their center of mass once every 1.736 days. Because the primary star is rotating rapidly, it has assumed the shape of an oblate spheroid. The ellipsoidal profile of the star, as viewed from Earth, varies over the course of an orbit causing the luminosity to vary in magnitude during the same period.
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In August 2009, it was announced that HAT-P-7b may have a retrograde orbit, based upon measurements of the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect.Second backwards planet found, a day after the first This announcement came only a day after the announcement of the first planet discovered with such an orbit, WASP-17b. The study in 2012, utilizing a Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, have determined the planetary orbit inclination with the respect to the rotational axis of the star, equal to 155°. In January 2010, it was announced that ellipsoidal light variations were detected for HAT-P-7b, the first detection of such kind.
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Chlorosome shape can vary between species, with some species containing ellipsoidal shaped chlorosomes and others containing conical or irregular shaped chlorosomes. Inside green sulfur bacteria, the chlorosomes are attached to type-I reaction centers in the cell membrane via FMO-proteins and a chlorosome baseplate composed of CsmA proteins. Filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs of the phylum Chloroflexi lack the FMO complex, but instead use a protein complex called B808-866. Unlike the FMO proteins in green sulfur bacteria, B808-866 proteins are embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane and surround type-II reaction centers, providing the link between the reaction centers and the baseplate.
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Salona amphitheatre At the westernmost point of Salona, in the Urbs occidentalis, in the second half of the second century A.D. under the influence of Flavian architectural style a monumental building was erected. It is one of the most recognizable buildings of Roman architecture. The remains of Roman amphitheatre indicate that gladiator fights were held in the city of Salona just as in any part of Roman empire, until the fifth century when they were finally banned. The building was ellipsoidal in shape, with three floors on the south side and one floor on the north side, which was conveniently laid down on a natural hillside.
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Loeb, A. and Gaudi, B.S. 2003 Astrophysical Journal 588, 117 The periodic variation in the velocity of an orbiting star will thus produce a periodic beaming variation in the light curve. Such an effect can confirm the binary nature of a system even without any detectable eclipses nor transits. One of the main advantages of the beaming effect is the possibility to determine the radial velocity directly from the light curve but very different luminosities of the binary components are required and a single radial velocity curve can only be obtained as in an SB1 binary system. The out of eclipse variations were modeled with the BEER (Beaming Ellipsoidal Reflection) algorithm.
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Glass gobos can also include colored areas (much like stained glass windows), whether by multiple layers of dichroic glass (one for each color) glued on an aluminium or chrome coated black and white gobo, or by newer technologies that vary the thickness of the dichroic coating (and therefore the color) in a controlled way on a single piece of glass—which makes it possible to turn a color photo into a glass gobo. Glass gobos generally offer the highest image fidelity, but are the most fragile. Glass gobos are typically created with laser ablation or photo etching. Plastic gobos or Transparency gobos can be used in LED ellipsoidal spotlights.
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26 And is radiating 219 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 11,939 K. It displays an infrared excess that suggests a circumstellar debris disk orbiting at a distance of from the star with a temperature of 75 K. The fainter secondary, component B, is a magnitude 9.70 star located from the primary. It is an F-type main-sequence star with a class of F3 V that shows an unexplained long term variability. One of the components of this system displays a slight photometric variation with a period of 3.16 days. This may be caused by pulsation or an ellipsoidal variation.
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NGC 720 is an elliptical galaxy with elongated shape in the northwest to southeast axis as seen from Earth. Observations by the Hubble Space Telescope of the core of NGC 720 did not reveal the presence of dust, disk, or inner spiral. As observed in X-rays by the Chandra X-ray Observatory in 2000, the galaxy features a slightly flattened, or ellipsoidal triaxial halo of hot gas that has an orientation different from that of the optical image of the galaxy. Its shape cannot be accounted for based on the observed mass, even when using the Modified Newtonian dynamics theory of gravity, which excludes the need for dark matter.
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Dysnomia has an estimated diameter of with an albedo of . The estimate was obtained using radiometric observation by ALMA observatory in submillimeter spectral region. The same study suggested a wide range of potential masses for the satellite, depending on its actual density, with a system mass ratio anywhere from 37:1 to 115:1 (thus masses of approximately with a minimal density, to for the same density as Eris itself). Although the shape of Dysnomia is not known, it is presumed to have a spherical shape due to its large dimensions; it is larger than the three smallest ellipsoidal moons of Saturn and Uranus (Enceladus, Miranda, and Mimas).
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Scoop In stage lighting, an ellipsoidal reflector floodlight (sometimes known by the acronym ERF which is often pronounced "erf"), better known as a scoop, is a large, simple lighting fixture with a dome-like reflector, large high- wattage lamp and no lens. It consists almost entirely of a lamp in the center of a big curved metal (or plastic lined with reflective foil) dome that acts as a reflector. The result is a wide, soft-edged pool of light good for general lighting. However, since scoop lights do not have a mechanism for cutting down the size of their beam, they are rarely used for more specific lighting needs.
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But in reality, the description of these states in this manner is intractable, due to the large number of valence particles—and this intractability was even greater in the 1950s, when computing power was extremely rudimentary. For these reasons, Aage Bohr, Ben Mottelson, and Sven Gösta Nilsson constructed models in which the potential was deformed into an ellipsoidal shape. The first successful model of this type is the one now known as the Nilsson model. It is essentially a nuclear shell model using a harmonic oscillator potential, but with anisotropy added, so that the oscillator frequencies along the three Cartesian axes are not all the same.
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Acrophialophora fusispora (UAMH 11640) colony on CER incubated for 7 days at 30 C Acrophialophora fusispora is similar to Paecilomyces, but differ in the presence of pigmented, warted conidiophores, verticillate phialides in limited numbers with narrowing tip, and frequent sympodial proliferation. A. fusispora is distinguished by its pigmented fusiform conidia, which are covered by spiral bands, measuring 5-12 x 3-6μm. The conidia arises in long single-cell basipetal chains, ranging from colorless to pale-brown and broadly ellipsoidal to lemon-shaped. The conidiophores arise singly, terminally, and laterally from the hyphae, and are erect or ascending, straight or flexuous, smooth or rough, and septate.
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With negotiations underway, some small-scale tests were made immediately to determine whether decoupling could work to disguise the size of an underground explosion. After an initial pair of small explosions in clay, a larger programme of testing was undertaken, first in the Excelsior Tunnel beneath Kit Hill in Cornwall, followed by larger explosions at a salt mine in Louisiana in the USA, and finally two explosions in solid andesite rock at Greenside Mine. The UK part of this programme was called Operation Orpheus The first explosion at Greenside involved the detonation of of TNT placed on a wooden frame in the centre of an ellipsoidal chamber long and in diameter.
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Access points would have been located along the Via Labicana whereby one descended steps to the level of the arena floor below street level.298x298px There was a central courtyard which served as arena space and was surrounded by Tuscan style colonnades on all four sides, with fountains flanking each corner. At the centre of the Ludus Magnus there was an ellipsoidal arena in which the gladiators practiced, circumscribed by steps of a small cavea, probably reserved for a limited number of spectators. The size of the arena was relatively average (though slightly smaller than the Colosseum's) sitting at roughly 63 m long x 42 m wide.
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When the IAU introduced the class small Solar System bodies in 2006 to include most objects previously classified as minor planets and comets, they created the class of dwarf planets for the largest minor planets – those that have enough mass to have become ellipsoidal under their own gravity. According to the IAU, "the term 'minor planet' may still be used, but generally the term 'Small Solar System Body' will be preferred." Currently only the largest object in the asteroid belt, Ceres, at about across, has been placed in the dwarf planet category. Artist's impression shows how an asteroid is torn apart by the strong gravity of a white dwarf.
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A planetary-mass moon is a planetary-mass object that is also a natural satellite. They are large and ellipsoidal (sometimes spherical) in shape. Two moons in the Solar System are larger than the planet Mercury (though less massive): Ganymede and Titan, and seven are larger and more massive than the dwarf planet . The concept of satellite planets – the idea that planetary-mass objects, including planetary-mass moons, are planets – is used by some planetary scientists, such as Alan Stern, who are more concerned with whether a celestial body has planetary geology (that is, whether it is a planetary body) than where it orbits (planetary dynamics).
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Scoria Scoria is a highly vesicular, dark-colored volcanic rock that may or may not contain crystals (phenocrysts). It is typically dark in color (generally dark brown, black or purplish red), and basaltic or andesitic in composition. Scoria is relatively low in density as a result of its numerous macroscopic ellipsoidal vesicles, but in contrast to pumice, all scoria has a specific gravity greater than 1, and sinks in water. The holes or vesicles form when gases that were dissolved in the magma come out of solution as it erupts, creating bubbles in the molten rock, some of which are frozen in place as the rock cools and solidifies.
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Conidiophores septate can be simple or branched, straight, flexuous. They often geniculate with 1–8 pores up to 40–50 x 5–7 um that are golden brown and smooth-walled. Conidia are solitary or in chains of 2–10, obovoid to short ellipsoidal, 18–38 x 11–20 um, with 1–5 (commonly 3) transfers and 1–5 longitudinal or oblique septa, medium brown to olivaceous, smooth walled or verrucose, base conical at first (becoming round with age), apex broadly rounded before "false beak" production. Each "false beak" is in form and function a conidiophore forming secondary conidia and is therefore distinct from the gradually tapering true beaks of Alternaria.
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The projection coordinates resulting from the various developments of the ellipsoidal transverse Mercator are Cartesian coordinates such that the central meridian corresponds to the x axis and the equator corresponds to the y axis. Both x and y are defined for all values of λ and ϕ. The projection does not define a grid: the grid is an independent construct which could be defined arbitrarily. In practice the national implementations, and UTM, do use grids aligned with the Cartesian axes of the projection, but they are of finite extent, with origins which need not coincide with the intersection of the central meridian with the equator.
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Between 1966 and 1970, the Narrabri Stellar Intensity Interferometer was used to observe the pair and to directly measure the orbital characteristics and the angular diameter of the primary, which was found to be , and the angular size of the semi-major axis of the orbit was found to be only slightly larger at . Spica is a rotating ellipsoidal variable, which is a non-eclipsing close binary star system where the stars are mutually distorted through their gravitational interaction. This effect causes the apparent magnitude of the star system to vary by 0.03 over an interval that matches the orbital period. This slight dip in magnitude is barely noticeable visually.
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The magnitude 5.3 primary component forms a near-contact binary system, with the components designated Aa and Ab. It has a combined class of B8V, an orbital period of , a separation of , and both components are close to co-rotating with their orbit. The larger member has 4.1 times the mass of the Sun and 2.4 times the Sun's radius, while the companion has 3.4 and 2.3 times, respectively. The pair form an eclipsing system, and it is classed as a rotating ellipsoidal variable. The third star, component B, is magnitude 6.0 and forms a visual pair, designated See 170, with the inner system.
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The genus Coniothyrium and Thielavia may have been assigned to Pseudothielavia terricola due to similar defining characteristics that highly resmbles the fungi. Coniothyrium in the broad sense. is defined to be unicellular, smooth thin cell wall, pale-brown conidium, and a pycnidia structure with globose cavity. Thielavia, on the other hand, is defined to have a non-ostiolate, glabose, setose ascomata, a brown thin cell wall, ellipsoidal to clavate asci, and unicellular, brown, single-germ pored ascospores As will be demonstrated in the subsequent Growth and morphology section, defining characteristics of Coniothyrium coincides partially with Pseudothielavia terricola while defining characteristics of Thielavia fits Pseudothielavia terricola almost perfectly.
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The torpedo punt (also known as screw punt or spiral punt) is a type of punt kick implemented in Australian rules football, Rugby union & Rugby league, and more generally with an ellipsoidal football. The torpedo punt is the longest type of punt kick. It is also the predominant form of punt used in gridiron football codes. In flight, the ball spins about its long axis, instead of end over end (as the drop punt does) or not at all (as a typical punt kick does), making the flight of the ball more aerodynamic, but more difficult to catch (or mark in some football codes).
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In 1933, British mycologist Dr. Rolland Marshall Nattrass described an arthroconidial asexual fungus that he named H. toruloidea that was responsible for causing die-back disease of plum, apricot and apple trees in Egypt. At the time, he recognized that single spore cultures of the fungus yielded two "forms" in culture - a mycelial form resembling members of the genus Torula that produced fragmenting chains of arthroconidia, and a pycnicial form characterized by the production of greenish, ellipsoidal spores that oozed from tiny sacs. The name H. toruloidea applied to the latter pycnidial form. Others likened the Torula form to Torula dimidiata described by Otto Penzig in 1882.
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The two subclades differ in setae, variability in length and color of terminal hairs, variety in ascospores' shape, with extreme variability between the two in the species. C. bostrychodes can vary in shape, such as possessing mostly ellipsoidal or broadly ellipsoid perithecia. However, both subclades have a specific banding of the spores that appears which is characteristic of C. bostrychodes only. There are differences on what the two subclades will reproduce on, with C. bostrychodes (A) being able to reproduce on asparagin and alcohol-glucose cultures, whereas C. bostrychodes can reproduce on blood fibrin, starch, phenol red, eosin methylene blue, and dextrine-FeClh instead.
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The simple inflorescences form showy and fragrant cylindrical flower- spikes with a length of and a diameter of with densley packed bright golden flowers. The light brown, firmly chartaceous and slightly undulate seed pods that form after flowering have a narrowly oblong shape and are in length and wide and are straight to irregularly shallowly curved with silvery to light golden spreading hairs. The slightly glossy grey-brown seeds are arranged obliquely in the pods. The seeds have an obloid to ellipsoidal shape and a length of and a width of with an areole enclosed in dull yellow tissue and a cream colured aril.
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In general, the alimentary system of Bothriolepis –which includes the organs involved in ingestion, digestion and removal of waste– can be described as simple and straight, unlike that of humans. It begins at the anterior end of the organism with a small mouth cavity located over the posterior area of the upper jaw plates. Posteriorly from the mouth, the alimentary system extends into a wider and dorso-ventrally flattened region called the pharynx, from which both the gills and lungs arise. The esophagus, which is also characterized as a dorso- ventrally flattened tube, extends from the mouth into the stomach and leads to a flattened ellipsoidal structure.
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The wingspan and wing area of the Limousine were about 17% greater than that of the single seater. They shared a semi-ellipsoidal aluminium engine cowling, split into a spinner from which the propeller protruded and with a large opening for cooling air, and a fixed rear part that reached back to the forward cabane. Behind the engine mounting the fuselage was a circular section, tapered monocoque, with the cockpit of the single-seater under a cut- out in the trailing edge of the upper wing. The absence of internal structure in the fuselage made it straightforward to extend the Limousine's fuselage by 23% to include a second cockpit.
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The RGB OSARGs follow three closely spaced period-luminosity relations, corresponding to the first, second, and third overtones of radial pulsation models for stars of certain masses and luminosities, but that dipole and quadrupole non-radial pulsations are also present leading to the semi-regular nature of the variations. The fundamental mode does not appear, and the underlying cause of the excitation is not known. Stochastic convection has been suggested as a cause, similar to solar-like oscillations. Two additional types of variation have been discovered in RGB stars: long secondary periods, which are associated with other variations but can show larger amplitudes with periods of hundreds or thousands of days; and ellipsoidal variations.
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Tissot's indicatrix In the adjacent image, ABCD is a circle with unit area defined in a spherical or ellipsoidal model of the Earth, and A′B′C′D′ is the Tissot's indicatrix that results from its projection onto the plane. Segment OA is transformed in OA′, and segment OB is transformed into OB′. Linear scale is not conserved along these two directions, since OA′ is not equal to OA and OB′ is not equal to OB. Angle MOA, in the unit area circle, is transformed in angle M′OA′ in the distortion ellipse. Because M′OA′ ≠ MOA, we know that there is an angular distortion. The area of circle ABCD is, by definition, equal to 1.
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The production of slimy, orange- to salmon-colored colonies on short adelophialides (phialides lacking a basal septum) with cylindrical collarettes can be quite distinct, with ventricose phialide formations less frequent. Narrow and hyaline, hyphae, through the use of small collarettes, produce conidia directly upon them laterally, directly upon the vegetative hyphae. Alternatively, flask-shaped lateral cells, which are practically cylindrical, can serve as the medium through which conidia are produced; they are sometimes found to be arranged in densely packed groups. Conidia are slightly curved, appearing broadly ellipsoidal to cylindrical to bean-shaped; measurements vary from 3.5–7.0 µm in length by 1.0–2.5 µm in width, to 3.0–3.5 µm by 1.5–2.5 µm.
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Artist's impression of Varuna depicting its reddish color and ellipsoidal shape Varuna has a rapid rotation period of approximately 6.34 hours, derived from a double-peaked solution for Varuna's rotational light curve. Varuna's rotation was first measured January 2001 by astronomer Tony Farnham using the McDonald Observatory's 2.1-meter telescope, as part of a study on the rotation and colors of distant objects. CCD photometry of Varuna's light curve in 2001 revealed that it displays large brightness variations with an amplitude of about 0.5 magnitudes. The measured rotational light curve of Varuna provided two ambiguous rotation periods of 3.17 and 6.34 hours, for a single-peaked and a double-peaked solution, respectively.
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Neurospora species are molds with broadly spreading colonies, with abundant production of ascomata. Ascomata are superficial or immersed, perithecial and ostiolate or cleistothecial and non-ostiolate, hairy or glabrous, dark coloured. Peridium membranaceous, asci cylindrical, clavate or subspherical, with a persistent or evanescent wall, usually with a thickened and non-amyloid annular structure at the apex, usually 8-spored. Ascospores broadly fusiform, ellipsoidal, or nearly spherical, unicellular, hyaline to yellowish brown or olive-brown, becoming dark and opaque at maturity, ascospore wall with longitudinal ribs or pitted, occasionally nearly smooth, 1–2 (but rarely up to 12) germ pores disposed at the ends of the ascospores, gelatinous sheaths or appendages are absent.
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To establish the position of a geographic location on a map, a map projection is used to convert geodetic coordinates to plane coordinates on a map; it projects the datum ellipsoidal coordinates and height onto a flat surface of a map. The datum, along with a map projection applied to a grid of reference locations, establishes a grid system for plotting locations. Common map projections in current use include the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM), the Military Grid Reference System (MGRS), the United States National Grid (USNG), the Global Area Reference System (GARS) and the World Geographic Reference System (GEOREF). Coordinates on a map are usually in terms northing N and easting E offsets relative to a specified origin.
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WKT can describe coordinate reference systems. For example, the WKT below describes a two-dimensional geographic coordinate reference system with a latitude axis first, then a longitude axis. The coordinate system is related to Earth by the WGS84 geodetic datum: GEODCRS["WGS 84", DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984", ELLIPSOID["WGS 84", 6378137, 298.257223563, LENGTHUNIT["metre", 1 ], CS[ellipsoidal, 2], AXIS["Latitude (lat)", north, ORDER[1 , AXIS["Longitude (lon)", east, ORDER[2 , ANGLEUNIT["degree", 0.0174532925199433 The WKT format can describe not only geographic coordinate reference systems, but also geocentric, projected, vertical, temporal and engineering ones (for example a coordinate reference system attached to a boat). The standard describes how to combine those coordinate reference systems together.
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The "ellipsoidal" pattern of light variation results from the limb darkening and gravity darkening of the star's surface. When the spectrum of HDE 226868 is compared to the similar star Epsilon Orionis, the former shows an overabundance of helium and an underabundance of carbon in its atmosphere. The ultraviolet and hydrogen alpha spectral lines of HDE 226868 show profiles similar to the star P Cygni, which indicates that the star is surrounded by a gaseous envelope that is being accelerated away from the star at speeds of about 1,500 km/s. Like other stars of its spectral type, HDE 226868 is thought to be shedding mass in a stellar wind at an estimated rate of solar masses per year.
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Fresnel lanterns in use at a classical concert; they can be seen silhouetted against the stage and each sports a barn door In the theater and dance world, Fresnels are most often used for top or back lighting, at medium throw distances. In small venues, they are occasionally used for frontlight, although the relative lack of control when compared to an ellipsoidal is a major disadvantage. The distinctive soft beam of a fresnel can make it very useful as a special in certain situations. While the focus can alter the size of the beam, the distinctive scatter of light that the Fresnel lens emits also requires a way of controlling its shape.
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Puck, Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon Uranus, the seventh planet of the Solar System, has 27 known moons, most of which are named after characters that appear in, or are mentioned in, the works of William Shakespeare and Alexander Pope. Uranus' moons are divided into three groups: thirteen inner moons, five major moons, and nine irregular moons. The inner moons are small dark bodies that share common properties and origins with Uranus' rings. The five major moons are ellipsoidal, indicating that they reached hydrostatic equilibrium at some point in their past (and may still be in equilibrium), and four of them show signs of internally driven processes such as canyon formation and volcanism on their surfaces.
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Second, the direct emission from a planet atmosphere may be detected by differencing the star plus planet light obtained during most of the planet's orbit with the light of just the star during secondary eclipse (when the exoplanet is behind its star). The first observed extrasolar planetary atmosphere was made in 2001. Sodium in the atmosphere of the planet HD 209458 b was detected during a set of four transits of the planet across its star. Later observations with the Hubble Space Telescope showed an enormous ellipsoidal envelope of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen around the planet. This envelope reaches temperatures of 10,000 K. The planet is estimated to be losing (1-5)×108 kg of hydrogen per second.
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A third model is the geoid, a more complex and accurate representation of Earth's shape coincident with what mean sea level would be if there were no winds, tides, or land. Compared to the best fitting ellipsoid, a geoidal model would change the characterization of important properties such as distance, conformality and equivalence. Therefore, in geoidal projections that preserve such properties, the mapped graticule would deviate from a mapped ellipsoid's graticule. Normally the geoid is not used as an Earth model for projections, however, because Earth's shape is very regular, with the undulation of the geoid amounting to less than 100 m from the ellipsoidal model out of the 6.3 million m Earth radius.
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Diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure forms of the same element that differ in crystalline structure. Allotropy or allotropism () is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements. Allotropes are different structural modifications of an element; the atoms of the element are bonded together in a different manner. For example, the allotropes of carbon include diamond (the carbon atoms are bonded together in a tetrahedral lattice arrangement), graphite (the carbon atoms are bonded together in sheets of a hexagonal lattice), graphene (single sheets of graphite), and fullerenes (the carbon atoms are bonded together in spherical, tubular, or ellipsoidal formations).
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The shape of Proteus is close to a sphere with a radius of about , although deviations from the spherical shape are large—up to ; scientists believe it is about as large as a body of its density can be without being pulled into a perfect spherical shape by its own gravity. Saturn's moon Mimas has an ellipsoidal shape despite being slightly less massive than Proteus, perhaps due to the higher temperature near Saturn or tidal heating. Proteus is slightly elongated in the direction of Neptune, although its overall shape is closer to an irregular polyhedron than to a triaxial ellipsoid. The surface of Proteus shows several flat or slightly concave facets measuring from 150 to 200 km in diameter.
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Nymph of emperor dragonfly, Anax imperator Illustration of a naiad with mask extended Dragonflies are hemimetabolous insects; they do not have a pupal stage and undergo an incomplete metamorphosis with a series of nymphal stages from which the adult emerges. Eggs laid inside plant tissues are usually shaped like grains of rice, while other eggs are the size of a pinhead, ellipsoidal, or nearly spherical. A clutch may have as many as 1500 eggs, and they take about a week to hatch into aquatic nymphs or naiads which moult between six and 15 times (depending on species) as they grow. Most of a dragonfly's life is spent as a nymph, beneath the water's surface.
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Diagram of the key morphological structures of Aspergillus wentii, including the conidiophore, conidia, conidial head, vesicle, phialides, metullae, stipe, and foot cell Aspergillus wentii produces single-celled, globose, conidia (singular conidium) in unbranched, filamentous chains. Young asexual conidia (also called spores) start off smooth, colourless, and ellipsoidal before maturing into rough, globose spores approximately 4.5-5 µm in diameter. Aspergillus wentii conidia can appear anywhere from darker yellow to brown in colour when mature and have a single wall, unlike related species Aspergillus tamarii whose conidia have a double wall membrane. The elongating chains of conidia are dispersed through slightly pigmented, vase-shaped structures known as phialides that are around 6-8 µm.
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It is classified as a Delta Scuti type variable star and its brightness varies from magnitude +6.06 to +6.15 with periods of around 70 to 80 minutes. These Delta Scuti variables are a class of short-period (six hours at most) pulsating stars that have been used as standard candles and as subjects to study astroseismology. Observations over the decades have shown that its colour slightly changes and it exhibits variation in light that indicate the star is actually an ellipsoidal binary with a period of seven days. The system is more luminous than expected, given the spectrum and distance of the primary star, indicating that the companion star must be contributing a good proportion of its light.
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Fresnel zone: D is the distance between the transmitter and the receiver; r is the radius of the first Fresnel zone (n=1) at point P. P is d1 away from the transmitter, and d2 away from the receiver. A Fresnel zone ( ), named after physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel, is one of a series of confocal prolate ellipsoidal regions of space between and around a transmitter and a receiver. Transmitted radio, sound, or light waves can follow slightly different paths before reaching a receiver, especially if there are obstructions or reflecting objects between the two. The waves can arrive at slightly different times and will be slightly out of phase due to the different path lengths.
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From this point on until 1969, various other inventors made similar lights and improved on the technology, but with no major breakthroughs. During this period, Century Lighting (now Strand) started retailing such units specially made to order, retrofitted onto any of their existing lanterns up to 750 W to control pan and tilt. George Izenour made the next breakthrough in 1969 with the first ever fixture to use a mirror on the end of an ellipsoidal to redirect the beam of light remotely. In 1969, Jules Fisher, from Casa Mañana area theatre in Texas saw the invention and use of 12 PAR 64 lanterns with 120 W, 12 V lamps fitted, 360 degrees of pan and 270 degrees of tilt, a standard that lasted until the 1990s.
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While he was gone, Kunz and another Illinois physicists W.F. Schulz successfully tested a photoelectric cell photometer at the Observatory. Upon his return from sabbatical in August 1913, Stebbins ended his pioneering work with the selenium cell and began working with Kunz on the new photometer. A number of other notable astronomical discoveries occurred at the observatory through the years. In 1915 Stebbins' object of study became the star involved in Myers' first big discovery at the observatory, Beta Lyrae. He thus began an aggressive research program produced a series of papers in the Astrophysical Journal on eclipsing binaries Lambda Tauri, Algol, 1H Cassiopeiae (HR 8926), ellipsoidal variables π5 Orionis, and b Persei, and Nova Aquilae (V603 Aquilae) in 1918.
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By plugging this into the normal distribution we can derive the probability of the test point belonging to the set. The drawback of the above approach was that we assumed that the sample points are distributed about the center of mass in a spherical manner. Were the distribution to be decidedly non-spherical, for instance ellipsoidal, then we would expect the probability of the test point belonging to the set to depend not only on the distance from the center of mass, but also on the direction. In those directions where the ellipsoid has a short axis the test point must be closer, while in those where the axis is long the test point can be further away from the center.
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Nepenthes cabanae is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to Mt. Malimumu, Pantaron Range, Central Mindanao, Philippines, bringing the total number of Nepenthes species in this mountain range to eight. Nepenthes cabanae was assessed as closest to N. surigaoensis. However, N. cabanae has sessile leaf attachment clasping up to half of the stem running down the internode unevenly, with four longitudinal nerves running parallel with the midvein, subcylindrical lower and intermediate pitchers, and short triangular peristome margin teeth approximately 0.3-0.5 mm in length but not projecting beyond margin; compared with N. surigaoensis with strongly decurrent leaf attachment, 3-4 longitudinal nerves in parallel with midvein, wholly cylindrical or ellipsoidal lower and intermediate pitchers, and distinct peristome margin teeth projecting beyond the margin.
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The occultation yielded a chord length of , quite large compared to mean diameter estimates from thermal measurements. Because the occultation occurred near Varuna's maximum brightness, the occultation was observing the maximum apparent surface area for an ellipsoidal shape; the longest axis of Varuna's shape was observed during the occultation. São Luís was also located very close to the predicted centerline of Varuna's shadow path, meaning the chord length was close to the longest measurable during the event, closely constraining the possible maximum equatorial diameter. Results from the same event from Camalaú, Paraíba, approximately south (and on what was predicted to be the very southern extent of the shadow path), showed a 28-second occultation, corresponding to an approximately chord, much longer than might otherwise have been expected.
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The two bodies provide a bridge in scientific understanding between the formation of rocky planets and the icy bodies of the Solar System, and under what conditions a rocky planet can hold water. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) adopted a new definition of planet on August 24, 2006, which introduced the term "dwarf planet" for ellipsoidal worlds that were too small to qualify for planetary status by "clearing their orbital neighborhood" of other orbiting matter. Dawn is the first mission to study a dwarf planet, arriving at Ceres a few months before the arrival of the New Horizons probe at Pluto in July 2015. Dawn image of Ceres from 13,600 km, May 4, 2015 Ceres comprises a third of the total mass of the asteroid belt.
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Influenced by Tommy Lauritsen and Torsten Gustafson, Nilsson decided to switch paths from engineering to physics, and in 1950 he was admitted to postgraduate studies in Lund with Gustafson as his supervisor. After early work with Lauritsen on excited states in 6Li, Nilsson became interested in evidence that heavy nuclei could be deformed into ellipsoidal rather than spherical shapes. Rotational bands had been discovered in 1953, an observation that was incompatible with a spherically symmetric shape. Nilsson set out to produce a model for the structure of deformed nuclei, building on work by Maria Goeppert-Mayer that had been published in 1950, as well as work by Aage Bohr and Ben Mottelson at the Institute for Theoretical Physics (later the Niels Bohr Institute).
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Monturiol realized that the ideal shape for a submarine from the point of view of hydrodynamics and steerage was that of a fish. However, the optimum shape for a hull to withstand water pressure was a sphere. He therefore combined the two, with an inner, ellipsoidal pressure hull and an outer, streamlined, fish-shaped hull, inventing what is now called a light hull, with a space between the two hulls which was open to the sea and free-flooding. Monturiol had originally wanted to build his pressure hull out of metal in the interests of strength but he and his financial backers lacked sufficient funds, so he instead settled for wood, with which he was familiar since his father was a cooper.
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Krzeminski's Star is a 20.5 solar mass (), slightly evolved hot massive star with a radius of and spectral type O6-7 II-III. There is little doubt as to the correctness of the optical candidate, since it is in apparent agreement with the period and phase of Cen X-3, and exhibits the same similarity in its double wave and amplitude light curve seen in other known massive binary systems. The double wave ellipsoidal light variations are produced by a tidally deformed giant that nearly fills its Roche lobe. The visible component corresponds to an OB II class star, comparable with the mass derived from X-ray data, consistent with the minimum radius that has been fixed by X-ray eclipse duration.
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Some phialides on widely-spaced branches are flask- shaped, resembling a wine bottle, whereas some tend to have a very swollen middle when in dense clusters or "pseudo-whorls". T. koningii typically produces smooth and ellipsoidal (egg-shaped) conidia, with a mean length of 4.1-4.3 µm, that aggregates in a slimy green mass at the tip of the phialides. The chlamydospores are pale brown, globe-like in shape, and are located at terminal and intercalary positions on the hyphae. In culture, colonies display rapid growth on potato dextrose agar (PDA), as cream-coloured in the beginning but later turns green because of sporulation. T. koningii grows at an optimum temperature of 25 °C in darkness, producing white mycelium with a radius of 50–60 mm.
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Legendre showed that an ellipsoidal geodesic can be exactly mapped to a great circle on the auxiliary sphere by mapping the geographic latitude to reduced latitude and setting the azimuth of the great circle equal to that of the geodesic. The longitude on the ellipsoid and the distance along the geodesic are then given in terms of the longitude on the sphere and the arc length along the great circle by simple integrals. Bessel and Helmert gave rapidly converging series for these integrals, which allow the geodesic to be computed with arbitrary accuracy. In order to minimize the program size, Vincenty took these series, re-expanded them using the first term of each series as the small parameter, and truncated them to O\left(f^3\right).
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Pillow Lava in lron ore belt at Nomira 2 km east of Nomira 18 km from 18 km south of Joda town, on the Keonjhar-Barbil-Lahunipada state highway, has been declared the National Geological Monuments of India by the Geological Survey of India (GSI), for their protection, maintenance, promotion and enhancement of geotourism.national geo-heritage of India, INTACH Pillow Lava, Iron ore belt of Nomira is an exposure of ellipsoidal pillow lava of a maximum thickness of 2m x 0.6m. The fine to medium grained, green to bluish green coloured with abundant Vesicular texture filled with quartz. The lavas and the associated pyroclastic rocks and tuffs are underlain by quartzite and overlain by shale, chart-shale and banded hematite jasper.
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The determination of the figure of the earth became a problem of the highest importance in astronomy, inasmuch as the diameter of the earth was the unit to which all celestial distances had to be referred. British physicist Isaac Newton, who used Picard's Earth measurement for establishing his law of universal gravity, explained this variation of the seconds pendulum's length in his Principia Mathematica (1687) in which he outlined his theory and calculations on the shape of the Earth. Newton theorized correctly that the Earth was not precisely a sphere but had an oblate ellipsoidal shape, slightly flattened at the poles due to the centrifugal force of its rotation. Since the surface of the Earth is closer to its center at the poles than at the equator, gravity is stronger there.
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While models based on the multipole expansion of the charge distribution of a molecule are limited to small, quasi-spherical or ellipsoidal molecules, the COSMO method has the advantage that it can be applied to large and irregularly formed molecular structures. In contrast to the polarizable continuum model (PCM), which uses the exact dielectric boundary conditions, the COSMO method uses the approximative scaling function f(ε). Though the scaling is an approximation, it turned out to provide a more accurate description of the so-called outlying charge, reducing the corresponding error. A method comparison of COSMO and the integral equation formalism PCM (IEFPCM), which combines the exact dielectric boundary conditions with a reduced outlying charge error, showed that the differences between the methods are small as compared to deviations to experimental solvation data.
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The rotational light curve of Varuna was later investigated by astronomers David Jewitt and Scott Sheppard during February and April 2001, and concluded that the double-peaked interpretation for Varuna's light curve is the most plausible solution due to the absence of rotational variation in Varuna's color in the visible spectrum. Examination of past photometric observations of Varuna's light curve has shown that its light curve amplitude had increased by roughly 0.13 magnitudes from 2001 to 2019. This increase in amplitude is due to the combined effects of Varuna's ellipsoidal shape, rotation, and varying phase angle. Geometric models for Varuna's changing amplitude have provided several possible solutions for the orientation of Varuna's rotational poles in ecliptic coordinates, with the best-fit solution adopting a spin axis right ascension and declination of 54° and −65°, respectively.
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In 2008, Japanese researchers discovered that some liverworts are able to fire sperm-containing water up to 15 cm in the air, enabling them to fertilize female plants growing more than a metre from the nearest male. When sperm reach the archegonia, fertilisation occurs, leading to the production of a diploid sporophyte. After fertilisation, the immature sporophyte within the archegonium develops three distinct regions: (1) a foot, which both anchors the sporophyte in place and receives nutrients from its "mother" plant, (2) a spherical or ellipsoidal capsule, inside which the spores will be produced for dispersing to new locations, and (3) a seta (stalk) which lies between the other two regions and connects them. When the sporophyte has developed all three regions, the seta elongates, pushing its way out of the archegonium and rupturing it.
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As one of the first LED lighting manufacturers to embrace the Bowens mount for modular lighting, Aputure helped to pave the way for modular point-source lighting with LEDs in the film, video, and photo industries. Previously LEDs were only used as panels with wide beam angles that were not as easy to shape or control. Traditionally, tungsten and HMI lights are also point-source lights that are easy to shape with a variety of modifiers, such as barn doors, ellipsoidal spotlights, and softboxes. By utilizing COB LED technology and combining it with the concept of Bowens mount photography strobes, Aputure was able to create a system that finally allowed for easy modularity and gave users of all skill levels the ability to shape hard light into any quality of light needed.
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London: Longmans, Green and Co.; [etc.]. pp. 65–69 One of the simplest applications of these theorems was to perfect the theory of the Leyden phial, a result which (if we except the peculiar action of the insulating solid medium, since discovered by Faraday) we owe to his genius. He has also shown how an infinite number of forms of conductors may be invented, so that the distribution of electricity in equilibrium on each may be expressible in finite algebraic terms – an immense stride in the science, when we consider that the distribution of electricity on a single spherical conductor, an uninfluenced ellipsoidal conductor, and two spheres mutually influencing one another, were the only cases solved by Poisson, and indeed the only cases conceived to be solvable by mathematical writers.Baynes, T. S. (1888).
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A brown pseudoparenchyma covers the top of immature ascomata and rips apart at maturity; the tips of the pseudoparaphyses extend into the ostiole. The peridium is 9–13 μm thick, made of 4–5 layers of ellipsoidal cells, occluded by melanin, especially around the ostiole, to form a textura angularis—a parenchyma-like tissue of densely packed cells that appear angular in cross section. The hamathecium (a term referring to all hyphae developing between asci of the hymenium) is dense, containing many septate, and branched; the pseudoparaphyses anastomose in a gelatinous matrix. The asci measure 75–90 by 13–16 μm, with a short stalk; they are eight-spored (the spores are arranged in two or three parallel rows), cylindrical, bitunicate (two- layered), thick-walled, and lack any specialized apparatus at the tip.
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A cone C in a vector space X is said to be self-dual if X can be equipped with an inner product ⟨⋅,⋅⟩ such that the internal dual cone relative to this inner product is equal to C.Iochum, Bruno, "Cônes autopolaires et algèbres de Jordan", Springer, 1984. Those authors who define the dual cone as the internal dual cone in a real Hilbert space usually say that a cone is self- dual if it is equal to its internal dual. This is slightly different than the above definition, which permits a change of inner product. For instance, the above definition makes a cone in Rn with ellipsoidal base self-dual, because the inner product can be changed to make the base spherical, and a cone with spherical base in Rn is equal to its internal dual.
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One of the properties of a great circle is that it indicates the shortest path connecting any pair of points along the circle—this is the basis of its use to determine the qibla. The great circle is similarly used to find the shortest flight path connecting the two locations—therefore the qibla calculated using the great circle method is generally close to the direction of the locality to Mecca. As the ellipsoid is a more accurate figure of the Earth than a perfect sphere, modern researchers have looked into using ellipsoidal models to calculate the qibla, replacing the great circle by the geodesics on an ellipsoid. This results in more complicated calculations, while the improvement in accuracy falls well within the typical precision of the setting out of a mosque or the placement of a mat.
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In this work he promulgated the theorem, known as Clairaut's theorem, which connects the gravity at points on the surface of a rotating ellipsoid with the compression and the centrifugal force at the equator. This hydrostatic model of the shape of the Earth was founded on a paper by Colin Maclaurin, which had shown that a mass of homogeneous fluid set in rotation about a line through its centre of mass would, under the mutual attraction of its particles, take the form of an ellipsoid. Under the assumption that the Earth was composed of concentric ellipsoidal shells of uniform density, Clairaut's theorem could be applied to it, and allowed the ellipticity of the Earth to be calculated from surface measurements of gravity. This proved Sir Isaac Newton's theory that the shape of the Earth was an oblate ellipsoid.
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The additional data did not confirm the presence of sodium in the atmosphere of HD 209458 b as in 2020. In 2003–4, astronomers used the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph to discover an enormous ellipsoidal envelope of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen around the planet that reaches 10,000 K. The hydrogen exosphere extends to a distance RH=3.1 RJ, much larger than the planetary radius of 1.32 RJ. At this temperature and distance, the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of particle velocities gives rise to a significant 'tail' of atoms moving at speeds greater than the escape velocity. The planet is estimated to be losing about 100–500 million (1–5×108) kg of hydrogen per second. Analysis of the starlight passing through the envelope shows that the heavier carbon and oxygen atoms are being blown from the planet by the extreme "hydrodynamic drag" created by its evaporating hydrogen atmosphere.
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Razin developed a closed-form solution for a spherical earth. Williams and Last extended Razin's solution to an osculating sphere earth model. When necessitated by the combination of vehicle-station distance (e.g., hundreds of miles or more) and required solution accuracy, the ellipsoidal shape of the earth must be considered. This has been accomplished using the Gauss–Newton NLLSMinimum Performance Standards (MPS) Automatic Co- ordinate Conversion Systems, Report of RTCM Special Committee No. 75, Radio Technical Commission for Marine Services, Washington, D.C, 1984 method in conjunction with ellipsoid algorithms by Andoyer,"Formule donnant la longueur de la géodésique, joignant 2 points de l'ellipsoide donnes par leurs coordonnées geographiques", Marie Henri Andoyer, Bulletin Geodsique, No. 34 (1932), pages 77–81 Vincenty"Direct and Inverse Solutions of Geodesics on the Ellipsoids with Applications of Nested Equations", Thaddeus Vincenty, Survey Review, XXIII, Number 176 (April 1975) and Sodano.
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The roughly spherical leathery fruit bodies (ascomata) are 170–240 μm high by 200–300 μm wide, and are almost completely embedded in the host tissue. The ascomata have ostioles (openings) at the top, and are arranged in small dark brown colonies with light grey patches where the cuticle is detached from the plant epidermis. There is a dark brown mycelium in the epidermal cells surrounding the ostioles, making a pseudostroma—a stroma in which fungal cells and remnants of host tissue are mixed. Although the ascomata have no necks, they do have black bristles (measuring 28–36 by 2.5–4 μm) that surround and obstruct the ostiole. The peridium is 10–13 μm thick, and made of 2–3 layers of roughly spherical or ellipsoidal brown cells with large lumina that form a textura angularis—a parenchyma-like tissue of very densely packed cells that appear angular in longitudinal section.
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68 Cygni has already expanded off the main sequence to become a blue giant, and is likely expanding to become a blue supergiant, although for very hot stars such as 68 Cygni evolution to the giant and supergiant classes does not indicate exhaustion of core hydrogen, nor is it accompanied by a large increase in luminosity. Instead the products of fusion burning are distributed throughout the star by convection and rotational mixing, producing helium and nitrogen lines in the spectrum, leading to an increase in the thickness of the stellar wind, and accompanied by a modest expansion and cooling of the star. The "n" in the spectral type indicates the presence of broad absorption lines due to how rapidly the star is spinning. The "((f))" indicates strong absorption in the He II spectral lines and weak N III emission lines. The star is currently tentatively classified as a rotating ellipsoidal variable, varying between magnitudes 4.98 and 5.09.
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The fruiting bodies, the pycnia, are flask-shaped and amphigenous (bearing hymenium all over the surface of the spore-producing body). This species also has amphigenous uredinia, groups of binucleate cells that produce urediniospores; the urediniospores are flattened to ellipsoidal in shape, typically 24–33 µm long by 19–25.5 µm thick by 22–30 µm wide. The spore wall is 1.5–2.4 µm thick on the rim (as viewed when the spores lie flat), 2.4–3.5 µm at base, and 2.2–3.5 µm on flattened face. The spore color is yellow-brown to light chestnut, with the base generally the same color. The hilum (the area where the spore attaches to the sterigma) is smooth; the spore echinulations 0.7–1.0 µm diam by 1.5–4.0 µm spacing, occasionally evenly over whole spore, but in general very fine or rarely lacking in a circle 7–10 µm diam below each germ pore.
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Michael Brown has estimated that, because rocky objects such as Vesta and Pallas are more rigid than icy objects, rocky objects below in diameter may not be in hydrostatic equilibrium and thus not dwarf planets. Based on a comparison with the icy moons that have been visited by spacecraft, such as Mimas (round at 400 km in diameter) and Proteus (irregular at 410-440 km in diameter), Brown estimated that an icy body relaxes into hydrostatic equilibrium at a diameter somewhere between 200 and 400 km. However, after Brown and Tancredi made their calculations, better determination of their shapes showed that Mimas and the other mid-sized ellipsoidal moons of Saturn up to at least Iapetus (which is of the approximate size of Haumea and Makemake) are no longer in hydrostatic equilibrium. They have equilibrium shapes that froze in place some time ago, and do not match the shapes that equilibrium bodies would have at their current rotation rates.
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Here, \Lambda denotes the likelihood ratio, and the \chi^2 distribution has degrees of freedom equal to the difference in dimensionality of \Theta and \Theta_0, where \Theta is the full parameter space and \Theta_0 is the subset of the parameter space associated with H_0. This result means that for large samples and a great variety of hypotheses, a practitioner can compute the likelihood ratio \Lambda for the data and compare -2\log(\Lambda) to the \chi^2 value corresponding to a desired statistical significance as an approximate statistical test. The theorem no longer applies when any one of the estimated parameters is at its upper or lower limit: Wilks’ theorem assumes that the ‘true’ but unknown values of the estimated parameters lie within the interior of the supported parameter space. The likelihood maximum may no longer have the assumed ellipsoidal shape if the maximum value for the population likelihood function occurs at some boundary-value of one of the parameters, i.e.
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Chandrasekhar worked on a wide variety of physical problems in his lifetime, contributing to the contemporary understanding of stellar structure, white dwarfs, stellar dynamics, stochastic process, radiative transfer, the quantum theory of the hydrogen anion, hydrodynamic and hydromagnetic stability, turbulence, equilibrium and the stability of ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium, general relativity, mathematical theory of black holes and theory of colliding gravitational waves. At the University of Cambridge, he developed a theoretical model explaining the structure of white dwarf stars that took into account the relativistic variation of mass with the velocities of electrons that comprise their degenerate matter. He showed that the mass of a white dwarf could not exceed 1.44 times that of the Sun – the Chandrasekhar limit. Chandrasekhar revised the models of stellar dynamics first outlined by Jan Oort and others by considering the effects of fluctuating gravitational fields within the Milky Way on stars rotating about the galactic centre.
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The motorised unit is without any forced ventilation (fans) and completely silent, making the unit ideal for acoustic critical applications (TV studios, concert halls et al.) Strand Leko Lite Most recently, Philips Strand Lighting released their Lekolite ERS. Improvements in this fixture include improved optics, 360-degree barrel rotation, a specialized yoke design allowing for rapid tool-free short yoking, a quick change lamp and improved heat dissipation technology and design integration. Selecon PLPROFILE4 MK2 LED ellipsoidal reflector spotlight In 2011 the LED technology has also finally reached the ERS applications, with several major lighting manufacturer companies worldwide introducing an energy saving, no maintenance, modern version of the standard ETC Source Four. On April 6, 2011, the Italian manufacturer Coemar launched Reflection LEDko at PLASA (the ProLight+Sound Association fair, one of the main tradeshows of the lighting industry, held annually in Frankfurt, Germany), a development which could lead to an average power consumption saving of 85 percent.
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The moons of Saturn are numerous and diverse, ranging from tiny moonlets only tens of meters across to enormous Titan, which is larger than the planet Mercury. Saturn has 82 moons with confirmed orbits that are not embedded in its rings – of which only 13 have diameters greater than 50 kilometers – as well as dense rings that contain millions of embedded moonlets and innumerable smaller ring particles. Seven Saturnian moons are large enough to have collapsed into a relaxed, ellipsoidal shape, though only one or two of those, Titan and possibly Rhea, are currently in hydrostatic equilibrium. Particularly notable among Saturn's moons are Titan, the second-largest moon in the Solar System (after Jupiter's Ganymede), with a nitrogen-rich Earth- like atmosphere and a landscape featuring dry river networks and hydrocarbon lakes, Enceladus, which emits jets of gas and dust from its south-polar region, and Iapetus, with its contrasting black and white hemispheres.
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Boudinage Focusing his attention on the theoretical and experimental aspects of structural geology, Ghosh studied the geometrical relationships of the axial surfaces of folds with the principal planes of deformation and his researches assisted in the wider understanding of the geological phenomena such as superposed buckle folding, buckling due to constructional deformation, rotation of spherical and ellipsoidal inclusions in shear zones, deformation of early lineations, chocolate tablet boudinage and evolution of shear zone structures. A theory on conglomerate deformation and an analysis of the mechanism of distortion of planar structure around rigid bodies have been credited to him. His researches have been documented as a book, Structural Geology: Fundamentals and Modern Developments, as chapters in books edited by others and as over 50 peer-reviewed articles, the article repository of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed a number of them. He also published a field guide for field research in Ghatsila.
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Over the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, developments in mathematics and the study of statics led to a more precise formalization of the ideas of the traditional constructive practices of arches and vaults, and there was a diffusion of studies on what was considered the most stable form for these structures: the catenary curve. In 1704, James Bernoulli wrote that an inverted catenary arch of any thickness will resist its own weight, which likely inspired Pierre Bouguer to conclude in his Mémoire sur le lignes courbes qui sont propres à former les voûtes en dômes (1734) that the optimal shape was a rotated inverted semi-catenary. Building on Fontana's work, Bernardo Antonio Vittone published Istruzioni elementari dell’architettura civile in 1760, in which he recommended using ogival or ellipsoidal profiles to increase the proportional height of domes and increasing the angle at which they intersected with their lanterns, for both structural and aesthetic reasons. To counter the negative impact this raised profile has on the interior appearance, domes with two or three layers of vaults were built, with openings in the lower levels to admit light.
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Danielson joined the faculty of the University of Virginia in 1968. He moved to the University of California, San Diego in 1979, and to the Naval Postgraduate School in 1985. Danielson is an applied mathematician with contributions to structural mechanics, biomechanics, and orbital dynamics. Publications include: "Dynamic Buckling Loads of Imperfection Sensitive Structures from Perturbation Procedures", AIAA Journal 1506-1510 (1969); "Nonlinear Shell Theory with Finite Rotation and Stress Function Vectors", Journal of Applied Mechanics 1085 - 1090 (1972); "Human Skin as an Elastic Membrane", Journal of Biomechanics 539-546 (1973); "Tension Field Theory and the Stress in Stretched Skin", Journal of Biomechanics 135-142 (1975); "Tension Field Theories for Soft Tissues", Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 161-182 (1978); "A Beam Theory for Large Global Rotation, Moderate Local Rotation, and Small Strain", Journal of Applied Mechanics 179-184 (1988); "Fiber-optic Ellipsoidal Flextensional Hydrophones"; Journal of Lightwave Technology 1995-2002 (1989); "Parallelization of the Naval Space Surveillance Satellite Motion Model", Journal of Astronautical Sciences 207-216 (1993); "Semianalytic Satellite Theory", Naval Postgraduate School Technical Report NPS-MA-95-002 (1995); "The Naval Space Command Automatic Differential Correction Process", Proceedings of the AAS Astrodynamics Conference 991-1008 (1999); "Buckling of Stiffened Plates with Bulb Flat Flanges", International Journal of Solids and Structures 6407-6427 (2004).
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