Drovers in Australia c. 1870 Drovers New Zealand c. 1950 Droving is the practice of walking livestock over long distances. Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history in the Old World.
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In the early 1990s Rachael worked out of the ABC Sale office in Victoria. She met her ex-husband, John Treasure, in 1996 while a reporter and started helping John and his brother with their High Plains Droving horse riding business on weekends. This entailed taking tourists on their cattle droving and salting trips on the Dargo High Plains. The Treasure family has been droving cattle in this area since the 1870s.
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Droving is the practice of moving livestock over long distances by walking them "on the hoof".
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The "remarkable droving feat" took 18 months to complete. A droving record was set by William Philips in 1906 when he overlanded 1,260 bullocks from Wave Hill some to Burrendilla, near Charleville in just 32 weeks. By 1907, Wave Hill was stocked with an estimated 58,000 head of cattle.
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Sheep droving in Utah. Animal transport as used in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Today most livestock and processed meat is transported by trucking companies that have specialized trailers for this purpose. Droving or herding, the movement of animals over ground, is still used in more remote or local areas.
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In 1863, he was employed by C. B. Fisher and Benjamin Rochfort droving cattle from Pekina Station to Gunnawarrah, near Swan Hill, Victoria.
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286 As the droving trade tailed off in the later 19th century, due to the construction of the railways, many of Llandegla's residents worked in quarrying.
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Charles Christian Dutton (presumed died 1842) was a pastoralist in South Australia who disappeared, believed murdered by Aboriginals, while droving cattle from Port Lincoln to Adelaide.
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After taking his leave of Cox's droving party, Uhr became a gold prospector and became the first to lodge a claim at the Pine Creek goldfields in 1872.
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Edna Jessop (10 October 1926 – 15 September 2007) is considered to be the first female to lead a droving team. Edna Jessop was born Edna Zigenbine to a family of drovers who worked largely along the stock routes of northern Australia in Western Queensland, the Northern Territory and the north of Western Australia. Jessop made headlines in Australia and internationally when she was called upon to take over the delivery by droving of 1,550 bullocks from Bedford Downs Station in Western Australia to Dajarra, Queensland, a distance of 2,240 kilometres, after her father was incapacitated in a fall from a horse.Julia Harris, "Edna Jessop: A droving legend passes," ABC North West Queensland.
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Traditionally they were often used as droving dogs to take cattle and sheep to markets locally or elsewhere in Britain. The Welsh Sheepdog's life span is 12–15 years.
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He left his station Tempe Downs with other cattlemen, droving cattle destined for the Adelaide abattoirs, when he collapsed and died. He was buried at Horseshoe Bend, approximately north of Oodnadatta.
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Droving stock to market—usually on foot and often with the aid of dogs—has a very long history in the Old World. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies. Romans are said to have had drovers and their flocks following their armies to feed their soldiers.Cattle drive near Pinedale, WyomingCattle drives were an important feature of the settlement of both the western United States and of Australia.
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The rigors of the journey, the availability of feed and water and the reliability of those "droving" the stock were all factors in the condition of the livestock when it was slaughtered.
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An owner might entrust an agent to deliver stock to market and bring back the proceeds. There has been droving since people in cities found it necessary to source food from distant supplies.
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From 2019 the event takes place on the 3rd Saturday in July. The Winter Droving Held in late October/early November 'The Winter Droving Festival' celebrates all things rural, traditional and fun. The highlight is a torch-lit procession through the town, featuring fire, lanterns, masquerade and music and mayhem. The event is a celebration of Penrith and its age-old role as the market place for the local area, where for centuries livestock and produce has been brought for sale.
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Tennant Creek has developed from its rough, tough droving and gold mining days into a modern town with shops and a supermarket, accommodation, bars, clubs and restaurants, a regional hospital, schools and banking facilities.
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Abernethy Forest From about 1766, cattle droving was carried out on a large scale to move cattle from Scotland to England. Beef cattle from the far north and northeast of Scotland were driven through several passes through the Cairngorms, but particularly the Lairig an Laoigh, to reach Braemar and then onwards south often to the Falkirk Tryst where English drovers continued the journey. Droving died out in the late 19th century. To the north of Derry Lodge is a point on the burn called Derry Dam.
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Drovers' Road, North Yorkshire Drovers' roads were much wider than those for ordinary traffic and without any form of paving. The droving routes which still exist in Wales avoided settlements in order to save front gardens and consequential expense.
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He was an excellent horseman, and spent most of his time in the saddle at this period, being obliged to make many long and rapid journeys to keep up the supply of stock. He extended his operations to supplying the Adelaide market and droving mobs of cattle and sheep into Victoria, in some of the largest droving operations in the history of either State. In 1854 he bought Bundaleer station from J. B. Hughes and the following year acquired Hill River station from William Robinson. Some 10 or 12 South Australian estates passed through his hands, including Wirrabara, Mount Schank, and Moorak near Port Gawler.
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European contact with Wardaman and related peoples like the Dagoman and Yangman, was characterized from the outset by considerable violence. Evedntually, as their tribal lands were given over to pastoral leases, the men mastered trades such as cattle-droving, while the women were employed as help.
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Attractions near Tara include Southwood National Park, a remnant area of the southern brigalow belt. The Commercial Hotel has two murals painted by artist Hugh Sawrey, from nearby Kogan. Painted in 1960, they are You’ll come a waltzing Matilda with me and Clancy’s gone to Queensland droving.
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In December 1837, Eyre started droving 1,000 sheep and 600 cattle overland from Monaro, New South Wales, to Adelaide, South Australia. Eyre, with his livestock and eight stockmen, arrived in Adelaide in July 1838.Foster R., Nettelbeck A. (2011), Out of the Silence, p. 32-33 (Wakefield Press).
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Filming began in 1959. Zinnemann spent 12 weeks filming scenery and sheep droving before the cast arrived in October. The weather made location filming difficult, fluctuating from hot and humid to cold and rainy. This delayed production by several weeks and caused some irritation among the cast and crew.
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The government resumed an area of from the station in 1930 to create a townsite. A works depot and a police station already existed in the area at the time. By the 1960s it was a virtual ghost town as road trains had replaced droving to transport cattle to market.
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Crieff (; , meaning "tree") is a Scottish market town in Perth and Kinross. It lies on the A85 road between Perth and Crianlarich, and the A822 between Greenloaning and Aberfeldy. The A822 joins the A823, which leads to Dunfermline. Crieff has become a hub for tourism, famous for its whisky and history of cattle droving.
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Doreen met William Braitling while he was droving and they were married in 1929. They had one son, William. They gained a pastoral lease in 1932 at Mount Doreen which Bill named after his wife, where they spent the next 30 years. Braitling took up several mining leases during her time on the station.
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In 1871, while droving sheep from the Pilbara to Geraldton, Burges shot and killed an Aboriginal man known as "Mackle-yell", in a dispute over a stolen saddle.The Perth Gazette & West Australian Times, 13 September 1872, p2S. John Michael Bennett, Sir Archibald Burt: First Chief Justice of Western Australia, 1861-1879, Annandale, NSW; Federation Press, 2002, p. vii.
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It was considered to be one of the great droving feats in Australian pastoral history. Gilbert obtained the lease for Owen Springs station in 1873, appointing Archie Conway as manager. The station was stocked with cattle and horses and two log huts were constructed. The first hut was completed by 7 August 1873 and the other was nearly completed.
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After a long life of droving Saltbush Bill is appointed a J.P. (Justice of the Peace). But he is disappointed to find no mention of pay until he discovers, in his contract, the line "A magistrate may charge a pound/For inquest on a fire." Bill and the local indigenous population collude to make good use of this provision.
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He emigrated to South Australia in September 1839 on the Lady Lilford, and promptly took up grazing pursuits, being a pioneer settler at Inman Valley."Honorable William Robinson, Canterbury, N.S.W.", Burra Record, 28 October 1884, p. 3 – via Trove. His next venture, in 1841, was droving 6,000 sheep and 500 cattle overland from New South Wales to South Australia.
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By the end of the decade there was an oversupply. Following the drought of 1884-1886 cattle were driven overland to southern markets, but droving costs led to a huge reduction in profitability. There was a need to establish a processing industry in north Queensland to supply meat for an export market. Frozen meat proved to be the solution.
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These trucks were then used for all kinds of freight but were especially useful for cattle transport which changed the way farming was done as truck transport was better for stock then droving and the cattle arrived in the yards in better condition and therefore fetched higher prices; this also meant that younger cattle could be sold.
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In Tudor times, Middlesex Street was known as Hogs Lane, a pleasant lane lined by hedgerows and elms. It is thought city bakers were allowed to keep pigs in the lane, outside the city wall;Strype (1720) in 'Middlesex Street', A Dictionary of London (1918). Date accessed: 24 November 2008. or possibly that it was an ancient droving trail.
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Drovers (those droving or driving livestock) accompanied their livestock either on foot or on horseback, travelling substantial distances. Rural England, Wales and Scotland are crossed by numerous drove roads that were used for this trade, many of which are now no more than tracks, and some lost altogether. The word "drover" is used for those engaged in long distance trade - distances which could cover much of the length of Britain or other world regions where droving was used - while "driver" was used for those taking cattle to local markets. Drovers used dogs to help control the stock, and these would sometimes be sent home alone after a drove, retracing their outward route and being fed at inns or farms the drove had 'stanced' at; the drover would pay for their food on his next journey.
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Historically the Lairig Ghru has been used simply as a route between Deeside and Strathspey. It is often referred to as a Drove Road, and while it's not wrong to do so, arguably that over-emphasises one specific use. The Lairig Ghru has been a route used by many different people, for many different purposes as made clear in Haldane (1952), and was in regular use long before the height of the droving trade in the more peaceful times after the middle of the 18th century: The Lairig Ghru was used as a droving-route as late as 1873 - Haldane (1952) - to Braemar and farther south. Until approximately the 1870s men from Rothiemurchus annually, in the spring, cleared the track of rocks that had fallen on to it during the winter.
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In a three-game career, McGeehan had two singles in nine at-bats for a .222 batting average, droving in one run, but did no hit extra bases. He also played seven seasons in the Minor leagues between 1909 and 1915, most of them with the Scranton Miners and Allentown. McGeehan died in Hazleton, Pennsylvania, at the age of 70.
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Ben Webb's three sons, Bennett, Qinton and Kil, better known as the Webb brothers, took over the station. Kil was responsible for improving the water infrastructure on the station and Bennett for the mustering, branding and droving. Joseph Louis Schaber's son Roy also managed the station. The Webbs started the annual Harts Range Races in 1946, now held each Picnic Day long weekend.
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Wounded buffalo with shooter, believed to be Paddy Cahill. Patrick "Paddy" Cahill (c.1863–1923) was an Australian buffalo shooter, farmer and protector of aboriginies. Born in Laidley, Queensland, in 1883 Paddy and his brothers joined Nat Buchanan in droving 20,000 head of cattle from Townsville, Queensland to Wave Hill Station in the Northern Territory, a task that took 54 weeks.
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While droving, he and his party were attacked by Aborigines. That triggered the Rufus River massacre: he participated in killing at least 30 Aborigines, and was speared in his left arm."Fatal Affray With The Natives In South Australia: Report of Mr. Moorhouse to His Excellency the Governor", Port Phillip Patriot and Melbourne Advertiser, 14 October 1841, p. 2 – via Trove.
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There was a major Roman settlement at Scotch Corner, with its own mint. The route now called the A66 was once 'the winter road' from Scotch Corner to Glasgow, by way of Carlisle. 'The summer road' runs from Barnard Castle, along Teesdale to Alston, then through Brampton to Gretna in Scotland. Particularly for cattle droving, the shorter route was advantageous when passable.
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In particular, the early chapters of Robbery Under Arms recall Readford's exploits, while the denouement follows the shoot-out and death of Midnight. An annual Harry Redford Cattle Drive commemorates Readford's exploits as a drover. A range of riders from the city and country participate in this droving expedition, taking part for three days or up to three weeks, at their choice.
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Inhabitants of the surrounding municipalities, so long as they are part of the Markgenossenschaft, have the right to fell timber in the Markwald, to leave their cattle to graze in the forest (e.g. droving or pannage) and so on. Hunting rights were not included however. Members of the Markgenossenschaft have a percentage share in the woods, but no specific claim to ownership.
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74 There are past associations with cattle droving and fairs. Bulkley Mill (completed 1684) is one of the notable old mills of the village. One historic source refers to a mountain cloudburst happening above the village, with properties being lost (probably in the mid-1800s). Nearby is the Roman road route through Bwlch-y-Ddeufaen, with its cromlech Maen-y-Bardd.
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In some cases the herbage of the drove was rented out to local farmers for grazing. The related term long paddock is occasionally encountered in Australia with the same meaning, although the term also has a more specific historical meaning, relating to the cross-country droving of cattle between Queensland and New South Wales along what is now the route of the Cobb Highway.
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Haldane (1997), P. 221. When cattle were moved by rail by the North-East railway company, initially the drovers accompanied the stock on the goods train, later they were required to use the passenger trains. Despite the decline in droving, the annual Drovers' Tea in Norwich in 1906 organised by the RSPCA catered for 570. Drovers and other road users could come into conflict.
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Gordon was born in Rockingham, Western Australia, one of eight children born to William Beattie Gordon, a farmer who served as a state parliamentarian between 1901 and 1911, and his wife Harriet Ann Scott. Growing up on farming properties near Moora and in Gingin, Western Australia, after completing his schooling, Gordon undertook various laboring jobs including droving, farming and working on the goldfields.Horner 2007, pp. 448–449.
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Saltbush Bill is again droving his sheep when he happens "on Take 'Em Down, the station of Rooster Hall." Rooster Hall is a follower of cockfighting and Bill challenges him to a contest: his Australian bird against Hall's, a "clipt and a shaven cock, the pride of his English Game". But Bill has a trick up his sleeve and wins the contest by forfeit.
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This did not last long, as the station owner and his family were all drowned in a voyage from Sydney to Port Phillip, and the station was sold. In 1839 he joined his friend George Hamilton (later to be appointed Commissioner of the South Australia Police), droving a herd of cattle from Port Phillip to South Australia for William Mundy and Captain Smythe, reaching Adelaide in 1839.
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The Spalding end led out from Spalding to the Spalding and Pinchbeck fen edge bank. The linking section was not officially a road. There was however, some droving traffic which was frowned upon by the drainage authorities, whose embankments it tended to erode. According to Cary's map of 1787, the official route ran via Tongue End (TF155188) and crossed the River Glen at Gurthram (TF173224).
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Droving cattle to and from these summer pastures (a practice known as yaylag pastoralism) presented enormous challenges of horsemanship. In this part of the world, the easiest trails normally follow the ridges, not the valleys. Attempts by early explorers to follow the valleys ended in sheer cliffs. However, persuading cattle to climb a narrow spur in order to follow a ridge route required skill and courage.
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Anambah House was built in 1889 by the wealthy grazier J. K. Mackay for his son William. It was designed by architect J. W Pender of Maitland. Architectural drawings exist but they do not indicate a garden layout. This family is thought to have owned properties in Queensland which may have been the source of the bottle tree, often associated with droving, and the lacebark trees.
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When he eventually returned he brought back 9,000 sheep, had sold over 5,000, and killed nearly 1,000 for "personal use". Twenty thousand head of cattle were removed from Wave Hill Station and overlanded to Killarney Station, near Narrabri in New South Wales, in 1904. The straight-line distance between the two locations is around . At the time, it was considered a "remarkable" feat of droving and took 18 months to complete.
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The Wardaman distinguish two types of art: those objects made by creative beings in the primordial dreamtime, called buwarraja, and objects made by people, bulawula. The latter deals with more recent historical topics, such as events that occurred after whites occupied the country, featuring such things as guns and cattle-droving. Buwarraja designs are more abstract and have an extremely ancient history, some going back at least 5,000 years.
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Rents from those living within the clan estate were collected by the tacksmen.Way of Plean; Squire (1994): pp. 15–16. These lesser gentry acted as estate managers, allocating the runrig strips of land, lending seed-corn and tools and arranging the droving of cattle to the Lowlands for sale, taking a minor share of the payments made to the clan nobility, the fine.Way of Plean; Squire (1994): pp.
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The Australian Kelpie, or simply Kelpie, is an Australian sheep dog successful at mustering and droving with little or no guidance. It is a medium-sized dog and comes in a variety of colours. The Kelpie has been exported throughout the world and is used to muster livestock, primarily sheep, cattle and goats. The breed has been separated into two distinct varieties: the Show (or Bench) Kelpie and the Working Kelpie.
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A woman in the Outback is isolated in a small hut with her four children. Her husband has been away droving for six months and near sunset one day a snake disappears under the house. The children are put to bed and the woman waits with her dog, Alligator, for the snake to re-appear. Near dawn the snake emerges and it is killed by the woman and dog.
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Clark (2003), p. 7 A droving dog was needed, but the colonial working dogs are understood to have been of the Old English Sheepdog type, commonly referred to as Smithfields. Descendants of these dogs still exist, but are useful only over short distances and for yard work with domesticated cattle. Thomas Hall addressed the problem by importing several of the dogs used by drovers in Northumberland, his parents' home county.
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At Hack's suggestion, Inman then embarked on overlanding for James Chisholm, a prominent pastoralist at Goulburn NSW. Accompanied by Chisholm's Adelaide agent Henry Field (1818–1909), their 11-man party, jointly led by Inman and Field, left Goulburn for Adelaide in late January 1841, droving 5,000 sheep. Through organisational folly, the party was undermanned and underarmed. They no sooner begun when Inman was attacked by Australian Aborigines on the Murrumbidgee River.
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The Birdsville and Strzelecki Tracks became the principal droving routes into and through the region.Historical Research Pty Ltd 2002 p.31-33 In 1873 John Conrick and Robert Bostock, encouraged by the positive reports of explorers, became the first permanent settlers in the region. Bostock and Conrick took up properties near the waterholes of the Innamincka "choke", naming them Innamincka and Nappa Merrie respectively.Historical Research Pty Ltd 2002 p.
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Commercial droving began in 1910, but the stock route did not prove popular and was rarely used for the next twenty years. The wells made it difficult for Aboriginal people to access water and in reprisal they vandalised or dismantled many of the wells. A 1928 Royal Commission into the price of beef in Western Australia led to the repair of the wells and the re-opening of the stock route.
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In his teens, living in Sydney with access to a good library, he educated himself and began studying for a legal career, however he abandoned his studies at the age of twenty-one and went droving. He had a series of jobs in the bush including working on a property at Grenfell and timber getting on the Dorrigo Plateau before taking up a small selection at Holsworthy in 1904.
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In the decades preceding Philadelphia's consolidation in 1854, the area was home to taverns and businesses catering largely to the stagecoach and cattle droving trades. After the Civil War, it developed into one of West Philadelphia's affluent streetcar suburbs. The University of Pennsylvania moved there in 1870. After World War I, wealthier residents moved further west into West Philadelphia and its suburbs, leaving neighborhoods in eastern West Philadelphia in decline.
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More recently travelling stock has been accompanied by four-wheel drive vehicles and mobile homes. The purpose of "droving" livestock on such a journey might be to move the stock to different pastures. It was also the only way that most livestock producers had of getting their product to the markets of the towns and cities. The beef cattle were transported to a rail siding or abattoirs "on the hoof".
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A stockman is responsible for the care for livestock and treatment of their injuries and illnesses. This includes feeding, watering, mustering, droving, branding, castrating, ear tagging, weighing, vaccinating livestock and dealing with their predators. Stockmen need to be able to judge age by examining the dentition (teeth) of cattle, sheep and occasionally horses. Those caring for sheep will regularly have to deal with flystrike treatments, jetting animals, worm control and lamb marking.
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Two years later he established a droving business in the early 1950s, moving cattle from Alice Springs through Tennant Creek and Elliott along the Murranji Track. In 1952 Bill Tapp and business partner Bill Crowson bought Montejinni Station. With Crowson's family, the business partners transported all their worldly possessions and their plant of horses up the Murranji to Montejinni. With them was Aboriginal stockman and a young sixteen year old deaf man, Kenny Wesley.
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Original Pembrokeshire recipes include: Katt Pies, these are lamb and dried fruit pies traditionally eaten while droving livestock on the route between Wales and London and sold at fairs throughout South Wales. They became particularly associated with the Templeton Fair, held annually in Pembrokeshire on 12 November. Pembrokeshire Faggots are savoury faggots made with pig's liver, suet, breadcrumbs and onions. They were popular after pig-killing in Pembrokeshire in the nineteenth century.
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James Gormly (24 July 1836 - 19 May 1922) was an Irish-born Australian politician. He was born in Elphin in County Roscommon to grazier Patrick Gormly and Mary Docray. The family migrated to Sydney in January 1840 and Gormly received some education at Wollongong before the family went droving around Nangue and Gundagai. After settling in Wagga Wagga in 1854, Gormly became a mail carrier, eventually selling out to Cobb & Co. in 1872.
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At the time of the Conquest the land was held by Dreng, which is a Nordic name. During medieval times, an important east-west droving route used to move sheep between winter pastures around Fountains Abbey and summer pastures around Malham, crossed the Hebden Beck at Hebden.Raistrick (1976), p. 5. It broadly followed the line of the North Craven Fault avoiding the moorland peat bogs, and became a busy packhorse route for traders.
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A range of occupations was recorded in Sewstern in 1381, including carpenters, a smith, a cooper and a shoemaker. Businesses here in the 17th century included a tannery and a chandlery. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Sewstern Lane was an important droving route for cattle being taken from Scotland and northern England to London, and became known as The Drift. This passing trade ended with the coming of the railways.
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The horns which at first incline outwards and forwards, and then bend somewhat upwards and inwards, are light coloured with black tips. They were reported to be good milk producers, with many being sold to London town dairies. Historically they were well regarded for their suitability for droving to England for sale to Graziers. Store cattle of the breed were favoured for grazing in Sussex and Kent, especially on the Pevensey Levels,J. Bannister.
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Droving into the Light, 1914–21, Art Gallery of South Australia Sir Hans Heysen (8 October 18772 July 1968) was a German-born Australian artist. He became a household name for his watercolours of monumental Australian gum trees. Heysen also produced images of men and animals toiling in the Australian bush, as well as groundbreaking depictions of arid landscapes in the Flinders Ranges. He won the Wynne Prize for landscape painting a record nine times.
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Their principal product line of the meatworks was tinned meats and extracts, with other general by-products. Stockowners received equal to 12s. 6d (1.25) per hundred (refers to weight) for the same class of stock they had previously had to accept six and six (65c) and seven and six (75c) per hundred, and save, besides droving and loss condition, when immediate neighbourhood, who supply the residents with fruit, vegetables, maize, butter, etc.
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The breed is friendly and alert, and makes a good watch dog, due to its tendency to bark at unfamiliar things. The breed was originally used to herd reindeer by droving, and barking helped it to be distinguished from wolves. Even when not herding, the Finnish Lapphund tends to bark with a purpose, and more rare cases of problem barking can normally be controlled by training. The breed makes the ideal outdoor companion.
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Three friends are droving cattle in Australia in 1939: the restless Bluey Donkin, easy-going Milo Trent and English Peter Linton, who is in the country on a working holiday. Squatter's daughter Kate Carmody is in love with Bluey but he refuses to be tied down to any one woman. War breaks out and the three men enlist in the Australian army and are assigned to the 9th Division. They ship out to Africa.
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However, their first few years of marriage were spent in hardship. The Great Depression meant that there was little money to be made in droving. Margaret later recalled; "no matter how cheaply Duncan bought lambs or ewes on Skye, by the time he got them to the mainland the price had fallen". Eventually, they were able to lease a croft on Skye from the Forestry Commission, and they spent the next ten years rearing cattle.
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Callagiddy Station, commonly referred to as Callagiddy, is a pastoral lease that operates as a cattle station in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia. The name Callagiddy is a Kimberly name picked up on a droving trip by the original owner Dansy Powell. It means, like many Aboriginal place names, "plenty water" and is pronounced with a hard G (J). Why the name Callagiddy was significant to Powell is unknown, however he named his seventh child, "Amy Callagiddy Powell".
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Ingles sent messages for them to return, but most were too far away to be found (two were fishing in the River Avon, another was out shooting rabbits). Ingles sent a message to Mr Butlin, a local banker and the town's justice of the peace. It was market day in Rugby, so Butlin asked the horse- dealers, with their long droving whips to assist. He also asked an army recruitment party, headed by a sergeant, for their assistance.
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Tom Cole with dead buffalo. Thomas Edward "Tom" Cole (1906–1995) was an English born Australian stockman, horse-breaker, brumby runner, drover, buffalo shooter, crocodile shooter, coffee grower and author. Arriving in Australia in 1923, Cole worked on various cattle stations in Queensland and the Northern Territory before taking up droving for a year, then breaking horses at Banka Banka Station. After a short time running brumbies on Inverway Station, in 1932 Cole started hunting buffalo for their hides.
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Uhr remained in northern Queensland until 1880 when he returned to the Northern Territory undertaking further droving and prospecting work. In 1883, he was again at the McArthur River guiding overlanders across the stock route. Here, a group of Aboriginals killed several of his horses and a white man named Fraser. Uhr, with the assistance of stockmen travelling in the area with Nathaniel Buchanan, "followed up the blacks" to a camp 10 miles from the river.
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In 1838 he was contracted to deliver mail from Albany to Perth, and in 1839 pioneered the droving of sheep from Albany to the Avon and Swan districts. He also drove stock from Swan to York, although losing many of them to poison. By 1839, Harris was a pastoralist at the farming town of Williams. While based there he met with the botanist James Drummond who was on one of his collecting expeditions from his home Hawthornden in Toodyay.
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144 ;nicker, whicker :A soft noise made by horses, the horse makes a vibrating sound with its mouth closed using the vocal cords. Often used as a greeting to humans or other animals, the softest version used by a mare communicating to her foal. Louder versions may be heard when a stallion is communicating with a mare. ;night horse (AU) :A quiet horse with good night vision that is used to patrol cattle at night, when droving.
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Highlanders had been droving cattle on the hoof to the Lowlands since at least the sixteenth century. By the 1680s the trade had expanded to the larger English markets.K. Bowie, "New perspectives on pre-union Scotland" in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, eds, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), , p. 314. Cattle were crossed with larger Irish breeds and large parks were constructed by Galloway landholders to hold and fatten cattle.
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This was Kidman's first investment in The West Kimberley. In 1919, in a remarkable feat of droving, 300 horses were overlanded over from Kapunda to Fossil Downs and Glenroy. Only 26 horses were lost on the journey but one stockman was drowned at Caroline Pool on the last stages. Kidman abandoned both Glenroy and Mornington Station in 1936 as a result of Indigenous Australians spearing his cattle and the difficulty in driving his cattle to Derby.
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During the period when it was managed by the Welfare Branch, some Aboriginal people living at Warrabri, as it was then, were employed outside the settlement in the pastoral and droving industries. Others worked in the routine jobs in the settlement. At the time of the 2016 census, in a population of 494, 76 people reported being in the paid work force, of whom 28.9% were unemployed, 21.1% worked part-time, and 42.1% were employed full-time.
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Drove chisel circa 1919 Drove Chisel is a tool used by stonemasons for smoothing off roughly finished stones. When first cut from the quarry, stones are frequently have large grooves, droves, left from the splitting process. The droving chisel is used for the next stage, making the surface of the stone flat enough to use. The drove chisel is used for softer rocks such as limestone and marble, while harder rock such as granite requires a point- toothed chisel.
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Wilksby lies in the foothills of the Lincolnshire Wolds, an area of limestone and sandstone hills forming the highest ground between Yorkshire and Kent. The village itself is in the valley of Mareham Beck at about 25-30m above sea level, whilst the church sits atop the hill to the north of the village. The roads leading to and from the North and East of the village are wide suggesting their use as ancient droving tracks.
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It is also known as Alpine transhumance and describes a seasonal droving of grazing livestock between the valleys in winter and the high mountain pastures in summer. Many cultural habits like Yodel, Alphorn or Schwingen were developed during this time. This seasonal nomadism led to the rich culture, architecture and love for nature found in Vorarlberg. A significant cultural icon unique to this area is the festive movement of cattle, from the pastures to the villages.
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The Burren Way () is a long-distance trail in County Clare, Ireland. It is long, begins in Lahinch and ends in Corofin, crossing The Burren, one of the largest karst limestone landscapes in Europe. The trail, typically completed in five days, comprises sections of tarmac road, boreen, droving road, path and forestry track. It is designated as a National Waymarked Trail by the National Trails Office of the Irish Sports Council and is managed by the Burren Way Committee.
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The final blow was in 1891 when the Mount Cook Road Board, in a 4-3 vote, decided to relocate to Fairlie. The Burkes Pass Scenic Reserve, administered by the Department of Conservation, is a former stock droving reserve one kilometre to the west of the pass. The ecological values are threatened by introduced rabbits, lupin, broom and wilding conifers.DOC - Burkes Pass Scenic Reserve Burkes Pass is home to the critically endangered Canterbury knobbled weevil which lives on speargrass.
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The Rhydspence Inn (2014) The Rhydspence Inn is a 14th-century inn situated on the Wales-England border and within the Wye Valley overlooking the Welsh hills and Herefordshire countryside. According to English Heritage it was built in the 16th century with 19th and late 20th century additions. It is a former gentry house and was not built as an inn. Until well into the sixteenth century droving on any scale in the Marches was far too risky.
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After the war the road transport of cattle proved very successful with trucks carrying 80 head of fat cattle on each trip. Droving though, was continued until well into the 1950s as these units required sealed roads. From about 1980 the road transport of livestock by road trains became increasingly common and has virtually replaced the transport of stock either by foot or by rail. But the days of the travelling stock route are not past.
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Prospector "Ned" Stringer discovered significant quantities of alluvial gold at the junction of what is now known as Stringers Creek. A short distance up that creek the gold mining township of Walhalla was established. The first person to walk the entire length of the river was Ronald Le Sage, father of David Le Sage, who explored its viability for a cattle droving route in 1959. The river is impounded not far below its source by the Thomson Dam, creating Thomson Reservoir.
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It has been estimated that by the end of the 18th century around 100,000 cattle and 750,000 sheep arrived each year at London's Smithfield market from the surrounding countryside. Railways brought an end to most droving around the middle of the 19th century. Turkeys and geese for slaughter were also driven to London's market in droves of 300 to 1,000 birds. Drovers also took animals to other major industrial centres in the UK (such as South Wales, the Midlands, the Manchester region).
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Vincent James Dowling was an Australian explorer and pastoralist. He was born in Sydney in 1835, and educated for a short while in Ashfield, and then in England. His early experiences on the land included droving sheep and cattle from the New England district (where he held a run for about 3 years) to the markets in Victoria. In 1859 he established a station at Fort Bourke (now known as Bourke) on the Darling River, starting with 1200 Hereford cattle.
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The Rottweiler (, ) is a breed of domestic dog, regarded as medium-to-large or large. The dogs were known in German as , meaning Rottweil butchers' dogs, because their main use was to herd livestock and pull carts laden with butchered meat to market. This continued until the mid-19th century when railways replaced droving. Although still used to herd stock in many parts of the world, Rottweilers are now also used as search and rescue dogs, guard dogs, and police dogs.
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Welsh Americans, as one example, had a history in Wales of cattle and sheep droving, that incorporated well into ranch work.Welsh Drovers A common misconception is in relating Country to Western or vice versa. While the two may have similarities such as the music being based on folk singing, they are in fact uniquely different. For example, the sound of Country originates from Appalachia where immigrants of the British Isles settled in the hills of the south-east United States.
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MacDonald began to establish the station and waited for his brothers, Charles and William, to arrive with the stock they were droving from Goulburn. The brothers eventually arrived with the stock in 1886. Once arrived the MacDonalds and MacKenzies worked to build the property and cattle numbers soon increased. The MacKenzies sold their interest to the MacDonalds in the early 1900s, Charles MacDonald died in 1903 and then William died in 1910 leaving Dan with sole ownership of the property.
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The historical association between Westfield and Car Dyke for crop and materials transport is a strong probability because droving roads and the later turnpikes were less viable than waterways until the A151 road was built. In the tradition of UK primary schools, the pupils are taught geography and history in the context of the school's site environment as well as contemporary and worldwide context. That is to say, the school's site and environment directly affects the education of the pupils.
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Here, after spears were thrown, Uhr and his colleagues opened up into sustained rifle-fire. After the Aboriginals retreated, the drovers rode up and down the creek, burning a village and its contents. In a separate incident, the droving group took Aboriginal children from another clan. Later, at the Wickham River 50 miles from the Roper River, a "regular pitched battle" took place where after their horses were speared, Uhr "ordered every man to arms...and made them fire by files".
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Saucedilla was always a land of sheep. (Its coat of arms has a head of ram.) Extremadura (and Saucedilla), was a passing and transhumance land from the Middle Age. In medieval Spain, there were droving flocks of sheep on the largest scale, which were carefully organized by the system of the Mesta, crossing Extremadura and other Spanish regions. These long distance movements of sheep and cattle were made along drovers road called cañadas reales in Castile, cabañeras in Aragon, carreradas in Catalonia.
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The merino flock including all of the stud merino will be sold from the property. In 2013 Brinkworth purchased 18,000 head of cattle for million from drought affected properties on the Barkly Tableland owned by the Australian Agricultural Company. Brinkworth then had the cattle moved by droving them a distance of to Uardry using old stock routes. Many would be agisted at Uradry with the remainder of the herd being dispersed through Brinkworth properties in New South Wales and Victoria.
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He then set sail for Tasmania, where he sold the remainder of his cargo, Dawson and his Tasmanian holdings. He then made his way to Sydney and bought livestock and farming equipment then made his way back to Albany arriving in 1840. After droving his 850 sheep to Kendenup he acquired more grazing land and by 1850 he owned freehold and leasehold mostly in Kendenup and Jerramungup. He later settled in Albany and ran an importing business and oversaw his properties.
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In 1978 Dawson was inducted into the Australian Roll of Renown. In 1985 he published his autobiography, Smoky Dawson: A Life. In 1988 Dawson and Trevor Knight won The Heritage Golden Guitar at the Country Music Awards of Australia for "The Days of Old Khancoban" – written by Dawson about the droving days of his youth in the Snowy Mountains. The following year Dawson and Knight won a second Golden Guitar for their song, "High Country", as Best Vocal Duo or Group.
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These wells are generally situated on or near native water sources (soaks).Questionable methods – Of mining and meat: The story of the Canning Stock Route, National Museum of Australia. Retrieved 27 February 2012 In the early years of the stock route, several drovers were killed by Aboriginal people defending their land and water sources.Australian Stories: The Canning Stock Route The Tanami Road or Tanami Track follows a cattle droving route northwest from the MacDonnell Ranges just north of Alice Springs to Halls Creek.
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Heim recognized them as representatives of the old, vanishing, large mountain dog, whose ancestors had been widely spread across Europe, and bred as guard dogs, draft dogs, and droving-cattle dogs. Heim was a Sennenhund expert, and started to encourage breeders to take an interest in them. These efforts resulted in the re-establishment of the breed. In 1909, the dogs were recognized as a separate breed by the Swiss Kennel Club and entered as "Grosser Schweizer Sennenhund" in Volume 12 of the Swiss stud book.
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Guda Guda was initially a stopover on the droving track to Wyndham meatworks and Wyndham port. Cattle were mustered from Doon Doon Station, Bow River and Gibb River. Drovers came from Maple Downs, Gurranji, Lissadel station and Home Valley station to the Wyndham meatworks which closed in 1989. In the 1950s and 1960s people who are currently living at the Guda Guda community, used to live in the flat areas on the western side of the current community for a period of at least 20 years.
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In 1868 Christopher Palmerston, in a departure from the theatrical heritage of his family, was employed as a stockman on the Willangi cattle station near St Lawrence in the Broadsound area of central coastal Queensland. The station was run by brothers William and Mark Christian who were powerful squatters in the region. While droving cattle to Rockhampton in early 1869, Palmerston rode off on one of his employer's horses and sold the saddle to a stable owner. He was arrested for horse stealing and later convicted.
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Later in 1869 he sold up his stock and property apart from the Woodside house and half-a-dozen horses, and took to the road with his brother- in-law (Noble? Peterson?) and a small retinue, buying and selling in the South-East and across the border into Victoria. His tour extended to Ballarat, Geelong and Melbourne, joining in hunts at each location. He made several trips to Victoria, purchasing horses then droving the mob back to Adelaide and selling them at a substantial profit.
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Uhr left the Northern Territory in late 1888 and for the next several years he lived in the more southern states, droving in New South Wales and operating hotels in Sydney and Adelaide. In 1894 he once more followed the Australian gold rush to Western Australia and the town of Coolgardie. Here he went into a butchering partnership with Charles Nunn Kidman, brother of the famous pastoralist, Sidney Kidman. Later he formed the company Butcher and Uhr, which was involved in expanding into pastoral development.
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Frank Jardine and his brother initially began this droving journey from Rockhampton in May 1864 in two separate groups which eventually rendezvoused at John Graham MacDonald's Carpentaria Downs station on the Einasleigh River. From here the remaining 1000km was through a region unoccupied by the British. On 11 October 1864 the combined party led by Frank Jardine started out from Carpentaria Downs. It consisted of Frank, his brother Alex, three stockmen, a surveyor, four Native Police troopers, 42 horses and 250 head of cattle.
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The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain. This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms. It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a "red" or "blue" dog. As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.
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39-40 McKinlay travelled north from the Innamincka region and discovered a number of lakes which he named Lake Hodgkinson, Lake Blanche and Lake Sir Richard, after the then South Australian Governor and his wife. From there McKinlay travelled to the Diamantina flood zone near Birdsville. McKinlay discovered large tracts of land that would support the grazing industry. His reports supported the conclusions made by Burke and Wills and Stuart; that travelling, grazing and droving in central Australia and across the continent were possible.
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Around 20 droves took place between 1931 and 1959 when the final droving run was completed. The Canning Stock Route is now a popular but challenging four-wheel drive trek typically taking 10 to 20 days to complete. A few adventurers have traversed the track on foot, by bicycle, and in two- wheel drive vehicles. There are two small settlements on the track where fuel and other supplies may be obtained; Kunawarritji approximately 1,000 km north of Wiluna and Billiluna 173 km south of Halls Creek.
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The Bouvier des Flandres is a herding dog breed originating in Flanders, Belgium. They were originally used for general farm work including cattle droving, sheep herding, and cart pulling, and nowadays as guard dogs and police dogs, as well as being kept as pets. The French name of the breed means, literally, "Cow Herder of Flanders", referring to the Flemish origin of the breed. Other names for the breed are Toucheur de Boeuf (cattle driver), Vlaamse Koehond (Flemish cow dog), and Vuilbaard (dirty beard).
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Across the black soil plans is a 1899 painting by Australian artist George Washington Lambert. The landscape depicts a team of draft horses pulling a wagon heavily laden with wool bales. Lambert's "best known bush image", Across the black soil plains was awarded the Wynne Prize in 1899. The painting had its inspiration in Lambert's experiences in droving sheep, seeing "horse teams hauling heavily laden wool wagons across the bare, miry, flat lands of Snakes Plain from Warren to the railway station at Nevertire.".
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His parents worked as drovers, moving cattle along stock routes. At ten years of age, Carmody and his brother were taken from their parents under the assimilation policy as part of the Stolen Generations and sent to a Catholic school in Toowoomba. After schooling, he returned to his rural roots and worked for seventeen years as a country labourer, including droving, shearing, bag lumping, wool pressing and welding. In 1967, he married Helen, with whom he has three sons; they later divorced but remain "good mates".
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Active in both the farmers' community and the National Party, he worked mainly in the export business to West Africa. He was a member of the Mountain Cattlemens Association (president 1987-88), chairman of the Droving Australia Victorian Selection Panel in 1988, and an Avon Shire Councillor from 1970 to 1976. In 1992 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Gippsland East, holding the seat until his defeat by independent candidate Craig Ingram in 1999. Then came his 3 grandchildren.
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Best's paintings have been reproduced in many forms including: calendars, placemats, coasters, prints, limited edition prints and books. During the 1980s and 1990s a range of Australian themed Easter and Christmas biscuit tins (cookie tins) were released through major supermarkets featuring his paintings on the lids. Best's paintings have been acquired by numerous private and corporate collections throughout Australia and internationally. His paintings invoke images of simpler times, childhood innocence, natural beauty, the rugged stockman, droving cattle, the roundup and other pastoral or beachside images.
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Quin married Edith Dollman, daughter of an Adelaide chemist, on 15 June 1871 at Wilcannia. They had two sons, and six daughters. Their eldest son, Edward Parmeter Quin (14 April 1872 – 20 February 1942), dubbed "Quin of Tarella", moved to Aruma on the Monaro in 1902, then Narromine, then Cobar, where he established for himself a reputation as a drover, being involved in many long-distance droving trips to Queensland. He retired to Sydney around 1937 but soon moved to a small property "Kismet" at Kemps Creek, and it was there that he died.
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G. Watts, Droving in Wiltshire, Trowbridge Publishing (1990) and Berkshire to feed the growing population of London. The drovers made use of ancient ridgeways, including the Ridgeway over the Berkshire Downs and ridgeways still known as the Old Shaftesbury Drove and the Ox Drove leading from Shaftesbury and Blandford to Salisbury. Medieval drovers' roads were wide by medieval standards, 20 metres across, with wide grazing verges on either side, the "long acre".M.L. Ryder, "Late medieval transhumance in Western Europe" in Angus MacKay, David Ditchburn, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 1997:219ff.
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The last recorded large-scale cattle drove across Wales was in 1870,Hindle (1993), Chapter 6: Drove roads and packhorse tracks. and of sheep in 1900, although droving briefly revived during the rail strike of 1912. In Scotland, the last drove over the Corrieyairack Pass is believed to have taken place in 1906. Corrieyairack Pass had also been used by droves of cattle and sheep from the Isle of Skye; the last drove from Skye to use the pass occurred "in the closing years of the 19th century".
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Charles Sturt first passed through the region on the northern bank of the Murray River in June 1838 en route to South Australia, leading a cattle droving party, with 300 head of cattle. In January 1845, Octavius Phillpotts established Cobram station between the already existing Yarrawonga and Strathmerton stations, located where Cobram East now is. This was divided into the Cobram and St. James stations in 1855. By the 1860s, present day Cobram still hadn't begun to exist, and the area was still broadly referred to as Yarroweyah.
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In 1994 Tom Cole was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for his contribution to history. His publication, Hell, West and Crooked sold over 100,000 copies. Tom Cole has been described as the original Australian crocodile dundee, a buffalo shooter, a crocodile hunter and a horseman of the Australian outback. Tom Cole had started out in Queensland in the Blackall Ranges as a rouseabout or stockman, moving from here to Lake Nash in the Northern Territory and then onto droving cattle down the Birdsville delivering cattle to other states in Australia.
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The story is set in the Australian Outback during the 1920s and deals with one year in the life of the Carmody family. Paddy Carmody, Australian-born son of Irish migrants, is an itinerant worker, travelling the country with his wife Ida and son Sean in a horse-drawn wagon. Whilst Ida longs to settle in a place of their own, Paddy is unwilling to abandon his way of life and continues to pick up work where he can. He takes cattle-droving jobs and also sheep- shearing – which he doesn't like, but pays well.
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Droving into the light is a 1921 painting by Australian artist Hans Heysen. The painting depicts a drover on horseback moving sheep along a road, although the main focus is the light falling on the eucalyptus trees, especially a large river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) right of centre. It is part of the collection of the Art Gallery of Western Australia in Perth. The painting has been described as "Heysen’s most successful use of light in all his eucalypt paintings in oil" and "one of Australia’s greatest Federation pictures".
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The Ryrie brothers (William, James and Donald) were the first Europeans to settle in the area, when they established the Yering run in 1837 after droving their cattle from NSW. The brothers planted the first grape vines in the Yarra Valley in 1838 and produced their first wine in 1845. Joseph Furphy, often regarded as the father of the Australian novel, was born on the station in 1843. The Post Office opened on 11 January 1861 as Yarra Flats and was renamed Yarra Glen in 1889 when the railway arrived.
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In the Karajarri language, Eighty Mile Beach is called Wender, meaning "a creaking noise", with reference to the sound of walking through dry sand. Many Aboriginal people with connections to the area now live at the Bidyadanga Community (formerly the La Grange Mission) and nearby at Frazier Downs. Several soaks, known as lirri, lie behind the beach and were traditionally important as sources of fresh water. Many of the soaks became Water Reserves on the Kimberley-De Grey Stock Route, which was used until the 1960s for long distance cattle-droving.
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A man herding goats in Tunisia Herding is the act of bringing individual animals together into a group (herd), maintaining the group, and moving the group from place to place--or any combination of those. Herding can refer either to the process of animals forming herds in the wild, or to human intervention forming herds for some purpose. While the layperson uses the term "herding" to describe this human intervention, most individuals involved in the process term it mustering, "working stock", or droving. Some animals instinctively gather together as a herd.
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The trail contours around Ballycumber Hill and then continues along the eastern slopes of Garryhoe Hill, passing the remains of a ringfort, approximately in diameter. Further along is a memorial to a Dr James McNamara who was killed in a shooting accident in 1916. Passing through a series of gates along the way, the trail follows Coolafunshoge Lane, an old droving path with extensive views of south Wicklow. The lane emerges onto the road, crossing a bridge over the River Derry to reach the R747 road close to Tinahely.
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The droveways formed a road system that clearly suggests that the settlers in the oldest developed parts of Sussex were concerned not so much with east–west connections between neighbouring settlements as with north–south communication between each settlement and its outlying woodland pasture. The droving roads had an enduring effect on the pattern of Sussex settlement. When churches came to be built, an ideal site was where a drove crossed a river. Eventually traders gravitated to churches, founding villages, and in some cases market towns such as Ditchling, Shermanbury, Thakeham, Ashurst and Shipley.
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In October 1877, with a companion, Sam Croker, Buchanan began to investigate the country from the known regions round the Rankine to the overland telegraph line, around away. They discovered much good new land, part of the Barkly Tableland, and has since carried some of the largest herds in Australia. Throughout the 1870s and 1880s Buchanan did a large amount of pioneering, working principally in northern Queensland and the Northern Territory. Buchanan was also noted for his overlanding feats including droving 20,000 head of cattle from Queensland to Glencoe Station.
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Commercial droving along the stock route began in 1910. The first few droves were of small groups of horses — the first started out with 42 horses of which only nine survived the journey. The first mob of bullocks to attempt to use the stock route set out in January 1911; however the party of three drovers, George Shoesmith, James Thompson and an Aboriginal stockman who was known as "Chinaman", were killed by Aborigines at Well 37. Thomas Cole discovered their bodies later in 1911 during his successful drove along the stock route.
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The droving trip was an epic journey, which ended in central Victoria eleven months later. After the dissolution of the partnership the Hann family decided to consolidate their holdings by purchasing Maryvale outright from the remaining partners while, at the same time, selling their share in Bluff Downs. The Bluff was sold in mid December 1871 after William completed the sale of the sheep from the stations. After his return from the south in 1872 the Queensland Government asked William Hann to lead an expedition to explore Cape York Peninsula.
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Only ten years earlier, explorers Burke and Wills had set out to cross the continent along the same track, and died in the attempt. As a droving exercise, it was a remarkable achievement, as anyone who has travelled the present-day Strzelecki Track will know. Three months and later he exchanged two cows and a white bull for rations at Artracoona Native Well near Wallelderdine Station. They then moved the remainder of the mob via Mt Hopeless, and sold them for £5,000 (2009:A$250,000) at Blanchewater Station, east of Marree.
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At the age of five Holder accompanied his father droving, and after some formal education became a successful real-estate agent with Elders Real Estate, Cootamundra, and lives in the district. Holder first entered a competition as a Novice at Tumut rodeo aged 14, winning the bronc ride. In 1953 He won the Novice class at the Wagga showgrounds in October 1953 In March 1954 he came fourth in both the NSW bareback riding and bullock riding championshlps at Condobolin. and won the Riverina bareback riding championship at Narrandera a month later.
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Knowing that the Bowen Downs cattle brand would be recognised locally, Redford knew he could not sell them locally, so decided to drive the cattle overland to South Australia. This was a remarkable achievement of droving, but unfortunately for Redford, his herd included a prize white bull which was sufficiently unusual that it was recognised and Redford and his conspirators were arrested. Redford is believed to be the inspiration for the fictional bushranger Captain Starlight in the novel Robbery Under Arms. Aramac Post Office opened on 1 March 1874.
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At Bethesda this meant working as shepherds, shearers, trackers and builders, and at Hermannsburg working as stockmen, branding, mustering, digging out the waterholes during the droughts, droving stock south to Oodnadatta, tracking, and also helping to construct Hermannsburg's stone buildings, unlike Bethesda where mud bricks were used. Since the Mission always supplied those working with food and clothes and likewise their families, relatives not working were not allowed to share the food with them. Meals were served three times a day in the ‘Esshaus’, supervised mostly by Strehlow himself to prevent arguments.
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Joe Nangan was possibly born on 25 February 1900 at Kanen (Fishermens Bend) in Western Australia. His Country extended east of Broome: from his Walmatjarri father (later known as Dicky Djulba), he held rights to an area called Paliara, near Christmas Creek station, and from his Nyikina mother (later known as Anne Binmaring), to an area called Jirkalli (or Jirrkaliy) on Dampier Downs station. Nangan initially worked as a Stockman on pastoral stations before learning the trade of station butcher. In 1916, he was droving elsewhere when members of his family were killed in the Mowla Bluff Massacre.
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Bagot's son Ted, Churchill Smith and Joseph Gilbert's son William, selected cattle on Gilbert's Pewsey Vale Station to stock the new Central Australian leases. They undertook the first large cattle drove from South Australia to Alice Springs in June. It is considered to be one of the great droving feats in Australia history, during which they met Charles Todd returning from his first inspection of the southern end of the Overland Telegraph Line, as well as well-known explorers Ernest Giles, Peter Warburton and William Gosse. Emily Gap became their temporary camp upon arrival until construction of a homestead began in 1873.
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Several collectors have catalogued the songs including John Meredith whose recording in the 1950s became the basis of the collection in the National Library of Australia. The songs tell personal stories of life in the wide open country of Australia. Typical subjects include mining, raising and droving cattle, sheep shearing, wanderings, war stories, the 1891 Australian shearers' strike, class conflicts between the landless working class and the squatters (landowners), and outlaws such as Ned Kelly, as well as love interests and more modern fare such as trucking.G. Smith, Singing Australian: A History of Folk and Country Music (Pluto Press Australia, 2005), p. 2.
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Like the neighbouring village of Cholesbury, Hawridge with its extensive commons was on an important droving route. There were once several alehouses located close to the Common. They were able to flourish due to this boost in trade between the 18th and later on when up until the early part of the 20th centuries they were also frequented by the growing numbers of brickyard and agricultural labourers. The Full Moon Pub, which is closest to the parish boundary with Cholesbury, is recorded as having its first licensed keeper in 1766 although as an unlicensed alehouse it may date back to 1693.
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Llanarmon was located on several drovers' roads and owed much of its prosperity to the cattle which passed through on their way from Anglesey to the markets of England. In the nineteenth century it was one of the few places in north Wales where wheat was grown, through heavy treatment of the fields with lime, which also helped to create lush pasture for the drovers' cattle.Toulson, F. The drovers' roads of Wales, Wildwood House, 1977, p.86 The local limestone quarries provided employment after the droving trade died out towards the end of the 19th century.
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Named after the Irish port of Newry, the property was first taken up in 1886, with a homestead built on the banks of the Keep River. Cattle were introduced after the lease was bought by pastoralist Patrick Durack who spent two years droving a herd of 7,000 cattle and horses 5,000 km across northern Australia to the Ord River region where they established several cattle stations. By 1901 the station, along with Argyle and Auvergne, was carrying about 45,000 head of cattle. The property remained with the Durack family until 1950 when it was sold to the Australian Agricultural Company.
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The old Edinburgh to Lanark road follows the line of the Pentland Hills. Between Dolphinton and Carlops it is now a right-of-way, approached from West Linton by the Loan or Medwyn Road: it crosses the road from West Linton to Baddinsgill near Medwyn House. This route continues north-west, following the important droving route along which sheep and cattle passed northwards through the Pentlands by way of the Cauldstane Slap for the great trysts at Crieff and Falkirk markets. Livestock from the north came south via the same route to West Linton and Peebles.
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Thereafter, charges amounted to 10d for twenty cattle, 5d for twenty sheep, 1d for a laden horse and 6d for three or four horse carriages. In the period from 1825 to 1829, the trust typically paid an interest rate to its shareholders of 5% per year. Besides the droving of animals, which had been going on via the Cam High Road for centuries anyway, goods taken to Richmond were groceries, drink, mahogany and other timber, with corn and butter going westwards from Swaledale and Wensleydale. In 1835, the total receipts from the tollhouses in the eastern district was £271, 7 shillings and sixpence.
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The "Dying Cow" pub at Stranakelly Crossroads The trail follows an ancient cattle droving path around Muskeagh Hill before joining a series of country roads. 63% of this final stretch is on roads. These pass through the village of Mullinacuff whose neo-Gothic church and cottages are built from local granite. At Stranakelly Crossroads, the Way passes Tallon's pub, better known as the "Dying Cow" from a story that, when visited by police late one night, the landlady argued that she wasn't serving drink after hours but providing refreshments to neighbours who helped her with a dying cow.
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Camlough mountain, center of the Ó Hanlon sept's historical holdings in south Armagh. The lands between the strongholds enclosed the "creaght" of the sept, the unit of land under Gaelic law used for the pasturing and seasonal droving of the nation's herds. Governing the creaghts and strongholds for the sept was the Chief of the Name, "The Ó Hanlon." Under Gaelic law, all male relations sharing the same great grandmother with the dying Chieftain were eligible for "acclaimation" as the next Chief of the Name at the sept's coronation stone, Cairn Magha at Clontygora, or "the Slaughter Stone".
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Born in London, he was the eldest son of (later Sir) James Hurtle Fisher and his wife Elizabeth. At around age twenty he spent two years on an uncle's farm at Little Bowden, Northamptonshire, before migrating to South Australia in 1836 with his parents in . Early in 1838 his brother James, in partnership with Fred Handcock, bought some sheep and established a squatting station (Fisher and Handcock's Station) near the Little Para River. C.B. Fisher assisted his brother, droving ten of the first lambs bred there on foot to Adelaide for delivery to a Mr. Crispe.
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Farming and agriculture are part of the Alpine transhumance, a 3-phase cultivation and inclusion of all mountain levels. It is a seasonal droving of grazing livestock between the valleys in winter and the high mountain pastures in summer because food supply for the cattle varies throughout the year. While tourism and other industries are higher contributor to the economy, seasonal migration to high pastures is still practiced today. In autumn, if no animal has died, the farmers decorate all the cattle and start to bring them down from the mountain pastures in one big procedure making it a highlight of regional culture.
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They are not known for having "sticky eyes" (focusing on the sheep in front only). Unlike other working breeds, which are noted for their crouched form or style and preference for either yard or field work, Koolies are at ease working in closed surroundings such as yards or trucks and being out in paddocks and droving. As well as working anything from ducks to bulls, like all dogs of their kind they will herd family members and children in the absence of other charges. Herding instincts and trainability can be measured at non-competitive herding tests.
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Cholesbury stands at the crossroads of several droving routes, the Commons providing a safe place to rest their animals. In turn this regular traffic supported local trades and several alehouses over the years. By 1753 The Castle, the Maidenhead (later the Bricklayers Arms), next door to it the Queen's Head and The Slip Inn were operating for at least a period. They were able to flourish due to the boost in trade between the 18th and the early part of the 20th centuries when they were also frequented by the growing numbers of brickyard and agricultural labourers.
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Several collectors have catalogued the songs including John Meredith whose recording in the 1950s became the basis of the collection in the National Library of Australia. The songs tell personal stories of life in the wide open country of Australia. Typical subjects include mining, raising and droving cattle, sheep shearing, wanderings, war stories, the 1891 Australian shearers' strike, class conflicts between the landless working class and the squatters (landowners), and outlaws such as Ned Kelly, as well as love interests and more modern fare such as trucking.G. Smith, Singing Australian: A History of Folk and Country Music (Pluto Press Australia, 2005), p. 2.
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London Government Act 1963 effective date: 1 April 1965 In the 14th century a windmill stood at Upper Halliford, later to be replaced by a windmill at Lower Halliford. The church-linked Sunbury, at times personal chapel-enriched Kempton, and church-less Halliford were medieval manors. Upper Halliford manor was later but marked the site of a hamlet loosely associated with Halliford if only on a droving path for pastoralists and animals from Lower Halliford to access the common land almost north. Also a common meadow lay by the river in the south and southeast of Upper Halliford.
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Handcock in second place, 'first' steeplechase in SA, 1846. Handcock was subsequently involved in various pioneering pastoralist ventures in rural South Australia, his surname frequently appearing in newspaper reports (often misspelt as Hancock). In early 1846 these activities eventuated in Handcock, Fisher, and Fred Jones travelling to New South Wales in the ship Templar to purchase a large herd of cattle and horses. Droving this livestock overland, they settled on the Chowilla floodplain of the Murray River, being the first pastoralist pioneers of the Riverland region straddling the South Australia – New South Wales border near Renmark.
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In early 1840, Coutts placed the Lady Leith up for sale and started to invest in pastoral farming. He and several other squatters took the opportunity of purchasing and droving herds of livestock to the Clarence River region where they could occupy supposedly vacant crown land. They were guided by an ex-convict in Richard Craig who had previously lived with the Gumbaynggirr and Bundjalung people in this area after he escaped from the Moreton Bay penal settlement. Initially Coutts set up a sheep station called Bald Hills in the New England region which was at the start of the track down to the Clarence River valley.
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Droving declined during the nineteenth century, through a combination of agricultural change, the introduction of railway transport from the 1840s, cattle disease, and more intensive use of the countryside through which the stock had passed for hundreds of years. For example, importation of cattle from Donaghadee in Ireland to Portpatrick, which would then be driven through Wigtownshire, had reached 20,000 per year in 1812, but fell to 1,080 in 1832, because they came by steamer directly to ports at Liverpool and Glasgow instead.Haldane (1997), Chapter 12: The Decline of the Drove Roads.in Norwich Drovers' rights to occupy a stance and pasture their cattle was also being challenged.
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Saltbush Bill is droving his sheep towards Castlereagh and Stingy Smith, the owner of Hard Times Hill station is worried that Bill's sheep will ruin his run. He chances on a travelling tramp, and finding out the man is a fighter, arranges for him to get Bill into a fight and tells him it's "a five-pound job if you belt him well -- do anything short of kill". When Bill arrives at the station, the tramp kicks his dog, starts a fight and beats Bill senseless. Bill has to recuperate for a week from his injuries, after which he and his sheep move on.
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Watson was born on 9 November 1931, in Rockhampton, Queensland, her mother's Kungulu country and attended school in the Dawson Valley, where she involved herself heavily in sport. In 1944, at the age of 13, she was forced to leave her education after obtaining a serious injury falling off a horse. During adolescence, she worked alongside her father and developed skills in shooting kangaroos, trapping dingos, mustering, droving and branding cattle, picking cotton, planting seed crops, driving tractors and bulldozing. Throughout her childhood, her family and visitors talked of political and social issues, which with her natural storytelling ability, assisted her in the rest of her life.
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Musters usually involve cattle, sheep or horses, but may also include goats, camels, buffalo or other animals. Mustering may be conducted for a variety of reasons including routine livestock health checks and treatments, branding, shearing, lamb marking, sale, feeding and transport or droving to another location. Mustering is a long, difficult and sometimes dangerous job, especially on the vast Australian cattle stations of the Top End, 'The Falls' (gorge) country of the Great Dividing Range and the ranches of the western United States. The group of animals gathered in a muster is referred to as a "mob" in Australia and a "herd" in North America.
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This method can be an effective and efficient technique for mustering in timbered country or for capturing feral animals. A trap yard can be set up around a designated point and the animals can be trained to use the yard over a period of weeks before the gates are closed to outward movement. Sometimes quiet coaxers (coachers) are used to assist in the mustering and droving of wild or feral livestock. One of the most difficult animals to muster are aged feral steers (US) or piker bullocks (AU), which were "micky bulls" (uncastrated young male cattle) that were caught, castrated and then later lost and grew up in the wild.
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Linton was raised to a Burgh of Regality in 1631, with the right to hold fairs and markets. The importance of droving and the markets reached their zenith in the early years of the nineteenth century, when upwards of 30,000 sheep would be sold annually, including the famous Linton breed. The markets at Linton were considered the largest in Scotland and were widely referred to as an expression for any gathering of a large size: "big as a Linton Market." West Linton had two therapeutic wells, the waters of which were sold on market days for either a penny or a half penny, depending on the well.
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Lonbain deserted village, Applecross Bothies are primitive shelters found primarily in Scotland (particularly in the Highlands) but also in remote parts of Wales and northern England. Highland Scotland has a low density of population by European standards – indeed, in a few remote areas the population has declined over the last 200 years due to emigration following the Highland Clearances and the Highland Potato Famine, together with migration to the cities because of industrialisation. In consequence, ruinous, but and ben cottages are often to be found abandoned in remote areas. Also, bothies were built for deer stalking (deer shooting), quarrying, cattle droving and shepherding but these have also fallen out of use.
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Reports vary that he either ran out of materials or the desert became too much for him. In 1930, Alfred Canning (then aged 70) was commissioned to complete the work. While Snell had encountered no hostility, Canning had trouble with the Aborigines from the start but successfully completed the commission in 1931.John Slee, Canning, "Alfred Wernam (1860–1936)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Online Edition, Australian National University, accessed online 28 December 2006, ISSN 1833-7538 With these improvements, the route was used on a more regular basis although in total, it would only be used around 20 times between 1931 and 1959 when the last droving run was completed.
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7, Rural Press, 19-2-2009 'Open campdrafting' is still practised on cattle properties when selected beasts are drafted from the mob while they are in their paddock, instead of droving the cattle for yard drafting. The National Campdraft Council of Australia was formed around 2000 and oversees the four campdrafting bodies which are the Australian Bushmen's Campdraft and Rodeo Association (based in Tamworth), the Australian Campdraft Association (in Queensland), the Southern Campdrafters Association and Gippsland Campdraft Association (GCA). Campdrafting is recognised by the Australian Institute of Sport as a national sport.The Northern Daily Leader, 6 February 2010, A landmark for a growing sport, p.
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Robert Hagan is known for his western, romantic, decorative, adventure, portraiture and maritime paintings. Hagan's approach to painting is to translate scenes of everyday life into romantic, nostalgic and blissfully peaceful visions of the world. His subjects include the figure in a moment of reflection, animals, children fishing on the beach with their father, sailboats, rainforest birds, cowboys on horseback rounding up cattle or hunched over a campfire after a hard day's droving and dusty outback scenes of Australia. Although self-taught, Hagan's style is impressionist using a limited palette of oil to impart a sense of tranquility and play on light to make the painting come alive.
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He left school after initiation and worked pig shooting, driving trucks, droving cattle and was in the Army before coming back to Yuendumu and then to Papunya to settle and marry his current wife. He moved to Papunya in 1976 and worked in the government store and observed the work of many of the older artists for many years before he began to paint regularly in 1983.Aboriginal Artists of the Western Desert - A Biographical Dictionary. His parents were both Walpiri and his father was an important "Medicine Man" in the Yuendumu community. After his father's death in 1976, Michael worked under the instruction of his uncle Jack Tjurpurrula.
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His stations included Bangate, Goondublui, Juanbung, Tupra and Mooroonowa in New South Wales; Heyfield in Victoria; and Glenormiston, Swanvale, Meteor Downs and Albinia Downs, Babbiloora, Carnarvon, Tully, Wyobie, Felton, Mount Russell and Tinnenburra in Queensland. Sidney Kidman (1857–1935) set up a chain of cattle stations along the sources of water, from the Gulf of Carpentaria, into South Australia to be within easy droving distance of the Adelaide markets. Aborigines have long played a big part in the cattle industry where they were competent stockmen on the cattle stations of the north. In 1950 it was legislated that the Aboriginal workers were now to be paid cash wages.
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Most stock routes now have designated watering points, each located the distance of a droving day apart. With the establishment of railways in country areas from the 1880s onwards, livestock usually reached the major destinations in cattle wagons. There were stock-yards and livestock ramps at nearly all rural railway stations to facilitate this transportation, meaning that it was only necessary to drove stock to the nearest rail transport depot. Travelling stock routes and reserves have generally been administered by Rural Lands Protection Boards, since 1902. There are about 600,000 hectares of travelling stock reserves in NSW and 2.6 million hectares running for 72,000 kilometres across Queensland.
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Paterson sent the letter to "The Overflow", a sheep station 100 kilometres south-west of Nyngan, and received a reply that read: Clancy's gone to Queensland droving, and we don't know where he are. The letter looked as though it had been written with a thumbnail dipped in tar and it is from this that Banjo Paterson found the inspiration for the poem, along with the meter. The poem was well-received and raised much curiosity about the identity of "The Banjo". Soon after its publication, Rolf Boldrewood, author of Robbery Under Arms (1882), wrote in his literary column for The Australasian that "Clancy of the Overflow" was "the best bush ballad since Gordon".
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Large, sturdy and confident, the Greater Swiss Mountain Dog is a draft and drover breed that is robust and agile enough to perform farm work in very mountainous regions. The breed was also used as a butcher's dog, having been "popular with butchers, cattle dealers, manual workers and farmers, who used them as guard dogs, droving or draught dogs and bred them as such."Great Swiss Mountain Dog (in English), Vertebrate Animals Department, Naturhistoriches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern Its popularity as a draft dog led to the nickname "the poor man's horse". By the 19th century, the ancestors of the modern Greater Swiss Mountain Dog were widely used in central Europe by farmers and tradesmen.
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In rural Australia, the Thompson family struggles to keep its farm from foreclosure. The family is placing its hopes on their horse, Prince, winning the New Year's Cup and using the winnings to pay off the debt. Two struggling lowlifes, Bill and Sly (John Ewart and John Howard), find out about the horse and steal it, escaping into the nearby mountain range. With the father off droving cattle and all forms of transportation and communication made inoperable by Bill and Sly before their escape, the Thompson children Helen (Nicole Kidman) and John (Mark Spain), and their English cousin Michael (James Wingrove), saddle up their own horses and go after the crooks on their own.
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Much of the route utilises the original parallel dykes built to stop cattle straying, and is intended to be suitable for horseriders and walkers, with all obstacles such as gates and bridges being designed specifically to accommodate horses; much of the route is also suitable for mountain bikers. It is listed as one of Scotland's Great Trails by NatureScot, and links directly to three further Great Trails: the Borders Abbeys Way, the·Romans and Reivers Route and the·Southern Upland Way. The route is now largely managed by Scottish Borders Council. The trail is waymarked using an image of a cow, reflecting the droving history of the route, although the section through Peebles is not currently waymarked.
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The songs tell personal stories of life in the wide open country of Australia. Typical subjects include mining, raising and droving cattle, sheep shearing, wanderings, war stories, the 1891 Australian shearers' strike, class conflicts between the landless working class and the squatters (landowners), and bushrangers such as Ned Kelly, as well as love interests and more modern fare such as trucking. Although not technically bush ballads, there are also numerous sea shanties formerly sung by whalers and other sailors, as well as songs about the voyage made by convicts and other immigrants from England to Australia, which are sung in a similar style. While subject matter may be constant, musical styles differ between traditional and contemporary bush ballads.
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As well as travelling throughout Wales as a poet, Tudur seems to have worked as a drover, grazier, and trader in wool. His fellow poet Guto'r Glyn chided him in humorous verse after he failed to assist Guto in a disastrous droving venture (he also gives a clue to Tudur's personal appearance, describing him as long-haired in comparison to Guto's own baldness).Rees, E. A life of Guto'r Glyn, Y Lolfa, 2008, p.105 Tudur Penllyn's surviving poems illustrate a range of themes: poems in praise of noblemen who fought against the English; religious poems, including penitential poems and poems in praise of holy places; and meditations on life and suffering.
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In September she based herself in Los Angeles to record her second album, On a Clear Night, with producer Mitchell Froom. "Steer" was released as an EP, followed a fortnight later by its album on 28 April 2007, both debuted at No. 1 on their respective charts. In February, Higgins had contributed a tribute song to the album, Cannot Buy My Soul, for noted indigenous singer, Kev Carmody, singing "Droving Woman" with musician Paul Kelly and group Augie March. On 7 July, she participated in the Live Earth concert in Sydney, performing her own set before joining Carmody, Kelly and vocalist John Butler on stage for the song "From Little Things Big Things Grow".
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Llandovery Town Hall The town has a theatre (Llandovery Theatre), a heritage centre, a private school (Llandovery College) and a tourist information and heritage centre, which houses exhibitions on the Tonn Press, the area's droving history, and the 19th-century geologist Sir Roderick Impey Murchison, whose work here resulted in the name "Llandovery" being given to rocks of a certain age across the world. The Llandovery epoch is the earliest in the Silurian period of geological time. In the small central market place stands Llandovery Town Hall (1857–1858) by the architect Richard Kyke Penson. This has a two-storey courtroom with open arcades in an Italianate style, over an open market.
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The community of Mimili was established in the 1970s after the land was returned to the traditional owners with the land that the community occupies previously being part of Everard Park Station. This meant that many people, who are now the elders of the community, lost their jobs at the station where they undertook mustering, droving and breaking in horses. Since then arts have emerged as an activity that significantly benefits individuals, families and communities in many significant ways, including economically, providing employment to many local people, while at the same time being culturally beneficial. Mimili Maku is one of the more recently established art centres in the region, having been established in 2010.
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He acquired work with George Raines, a landless bushman who travelled the countryside taking advantage of unfenced lands where there was good feeding for his stock. It was at this time that Kidman learnt numerous bush survival skills and came to appreciate the knowledge and skills of the Aboriginal people. In the early 1870s Kidman obtained work on various stations, drove cattle and bullocks, carted goods, opened a butcher's shop at Cobar shortly after the rush started and soon after went into business with his brother droving, buying stock and dealing. They took on mail contracts, ran a butchery in Broken Hill and in the 1890s started buying pastoral leaseholds as Kidman Brothers.
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Historically, "overlanding" is an Australian term to denote the droving of livestock over very long distances to open up new country or to take livestock to market far from grazing grounds. Between 1906 and 1910 Alfred Canning opened up the Canning Stock Route.Canning, Alfred Wernam (1860 - 1936) Retrieved on 26 February 2009 In Australia overlanding was inspired to a large degree by Len Beadell who, in the 1940s and 1950s, constructed many of the roads that opened up the Australian Outback. Those roads are still used today by Australian overlanders and still hold the names Len gave them; the Gunbarrel Highway, the Connie Sue Highway (named after his daughter), and the Anne Beadell Highway (named after his wife).
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Corrour Bothy in October 2009 The valleys between the individual plateaux were used as drove roads by cattle drovers who built rough protective shelters for their arduous journeys. At about the same time that droving was dying out towards the end of the 19th century, deer stalking estates were flourishing and so the shelters were developed into bothies to provide improved, though still primitive, accommodation for gamekeepers. In modern times these bothies have been taken over by the Mountain Bothies Association for use by walkers and climbers to provide shelter and rough sleeping accommodation. With the exception of the bothies there are no building or settlements within the Cairngorms, nor is there evidence for historic settlement, except in the uppermost reaches of the Derry and Gairn rivers.
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A newspaper reported that the dogs mostly used in London for droving to the outlying butcheries and depots were principally collies, but in this show were a few of the old English bob-tailed animals seldom seen in London except on show, and not so often seen in the country as was the case thirty or forty years ago. Controlling herds of three or four hundred animals on narrow roads, keeping them healthy, and feeding them en route over several weeks or months required expertise and authority. There was licensing under the legislation, introduced in 1563, intended to control '"badgers" of grain and drovers of cattle, although it seems to have been less rigorously applied to drovers. Drovers' dogs were also licenced.
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In the 20th century, headcollars were introduced to make control simpler, and they have become standard equipment in a variety of designs. Several popular breeds were once bred specifically to pull carts, including Collies, Bernese Mountain Dogs, St. Bernards, Bouvier des Flandres, Newfoundlands and Rottweilers, though they often found other uses such as guard dogs and sheepdogs. The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog was a large working dog used by butchers, cattle dealers, manual workers and farmers, who used them as guard dogs, droving and draught dogs.Great Swiss Mountain Dog (in English), Vertebrate Animals Department, Naturhistoriches Museum der Burgergemeinde Bern The Bernese Mountain Dog is a large working dog with a calm temperament ideal for pulling a cart, as they used to do in Switzerland.
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Cover of Old Bush Songs (1905), Banjo Paterson's seminal collection of bush ballads The bush ballad, bush song or bush poem is a style of poetry and folk music that depicts the life, character and scenery of the Australian bush. The typical bush ballad employs a straightforward rhyme structure to narrate a story, often one of action and adventure, and uses language that is colourful, colloquial and idiomatically Australian. Bush ballads range in tone from humorous to melancholic, and many explore themes of Australian folklore, including bushranging, droving, droughts, floods, life on the frontier, and relations between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. The tradition dates back to the beginnings of European settlement when colonists, mostly British and Irish, brought with them the folk music of their homelands.
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At about the same time that droving was dying out towards the end of the 19th century, deer stalking estates were flourishing and so the shelters were developed into bothies to provide improved, though still primitive, accommodation for gamekeepers. In modern times these bothies have been taken over by the Mountain Bothies Association for use by trekkers and climbers to provide shelter and rough sleeping accommodation. Cairn Gorm top chairlift station, 1975 Starting in 1960 an area in the rugged Northern Corries between Aviemore and Cairn Gorm was developed for alpine skiing. A road was constructed to an elevation of in Coire Cas where a ski centre was built and ski lifts and tows were installed, one going up to a new restaurant, the Ptarmigan, at .
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With like-minded artists, he helped to form the "Heidelberg School" movement, a group of Melbourne-based impressionists who depicted rural life and the bush, with nationalist and regionalist overtones. The Australian colonies celebrated the centenary of European settlement in 1880s, and for the first time, Australian-born Europeans outnumbered the immigrant population. These and other factors fostered strong nationalistic feeling and intense discussion about Australian history, culture and identity. Seeking to develop a national art, Roberts chose agricultural and pastoral subjects that would symbolise the embryonic nation, such as bushranging, droving and shearing. In the 19th century, wool was a major source of wealth for the colonies, and by the 1870s, Australia had become the world's largest wool producer.
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Droving sheep near Awakeri, 1924 The Taneatua Branch railway line also passes through the town, it was disused, however a tourist rail operator has recently leased a section of the branch line from Kiwi Rail and is opening a rail cart operation. Passenger train services ran through Awakeri and were provided by the Taneatua Express train from 1928 until 7 February 1959, when the steam-hauled carriage train was replaced by an 88-seater railcar service that terminated before Awakeri, in Te Puke. A private railway operated by the CHH Whakatane Mill used to run from Awakeri station to the mill at Whakatane. The line (now closed and lifted) used to run alongside State Highway 30, including along the front of the petrol station forecourt at Awakeri.
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In 1836 Scottish-born explorer Thomas Livingstone Mitchell became the first European to sight the mountain. He ascended it on June 28 after having sighted it four days earlier from the north-west and commented: On the summit he discovered two new plant species, Philotheca pungens and Hibbertia incana. He observed in the distance what is now known as Pyramid Hill: Mitchell changed his course, having observed promising country from its summit: The mountain was climbed again in 1838 by Joseph Hawdon who was droving cattle between Howlong in New South Wales and Adelaide in South Australia. Hawdon observed: The small kangaroo was an eastern hare-wallaby, a species that became extinct a few years after the arrival of the first European settlers.
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Welsh drovers c.1880 30,000 cattle and sheep were driven from Wales to London each yearVerite Ryily Collins, page 33, Drovers' Dogs, 999 and other working dogs, WSN, 2005. A weekly cattle market was founded midway between North Wales and London in Newent, Gloucestershire in 1253. In an Ordinance for the cleansing of Smythfelde dated 1372 it was agreed by the "dealers and drovers" to pay a charge per head of horse, ox, cow, sheep or swine.British History Online, Memorials of London and London Life in the 13th, 14th and 15th Centuries accessed 23 September 2015 Henry V brought about a lasting boom in droving in the early fifteenth century when he ordered as many cattle as possible be sent to the Cinque Ports to provision his armies in France.
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The township has numerous places to eat: the Langhorne Creek General Store and The Bridge Hotel can be found on the main street of the town while the Angas Plains Estate, Bremerton and Lake Breeze cellar doors all offer lunch menus that go perfectly with a glass of wine. Additionally, The Winehouse is available to hire for functions and features a full kitchen. Langhorne Creek has seven cellar doors, all open seven days a week: Angas Plains Estate, Bremerton, Bleasdale, Lake Breeze, Rusticana, The Winehouse and Vineyard Road Cellar Door. Frank Potts Reserve (named for the founder of the nearby Bleasdale winery) and Alfred Langhorne Park (for one of the cattle-droving brothers Alfred and Charles) are popular places to picnic and excellent areas to observe native flora and fauna.
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Old English Bulldog by Philip Reinagle, 1790 The Old English Bulldog was preserved by working class immigrants who brought their working dogs with them to the American South; these dogs are believed to have first appeared as early as the 17th century. Small farmers and ranchers used this all-around working dog for many tasks including farm guardians, stock dogs and catch dogs. These dogs were not an actual breed as considered by today's standards and neither were most other dogs: kennel clubs of any kind did not yet exist and would not until 1875, at least two centuries after the Old English Bulldog first migrated to America. In the 17th and 18th century, the Old English Bulldog had many different strains for cattle-droving, bull-baiting, farm dogs, and butcher's dogs.
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Tierfehd, between 1280 (far left) and 1830 (foreground left) meters, highlighted by the afternoon sun. Braunvieh cow on high pasture in the Engadin (2007) Almabtrieb, Kufstein (2005) bringing livestock to summer pasture, Schwägalp (Jun 2004) Alpine transhumance is transhumance as practiced in the Alps, that is, a seasonal droving of grazing livestock between the valleys in winter and the high mountain pastures in summer (German ' from the term for "seasonal mountain pasture", '). Transhumance is a traditional practice that has shaped much of the landscape in the Alps, as without it, most areas below would be forests. While tourism and industry contribute today much to Alpine economy, seasonal migration to high pastures is still practiced in Bavaria, Austria, Slovenia, Italy and Switzerland, except in their most frequented tourist centers.
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But with Lacock a prosperous market town on the Bath, Somerset sheep droving route to London, a more extensive 15th-century rebuild was undertaken from the substantial local tax revenues. This created the perpendicular church on a traditional cruciform plan that exists today, and included the addition of a two-bay east chapel funded by the Bonham and Croke families, which has an east chancel arch window of 6 lights. The interior of the church In 1604 the recessed octagonal tower was rebuilt, followed later by the "cottage" or south annex, comprising two storeys; an attic was built in a rusticated style, described then as the "new Yle" in 1619. After his death in 1636, a series of brass plaques were placed in the church floor commemorating the life of Sir Robert Baynard.
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The Canning Stock Route has a strong connection to the story of Aboriginal art in the Western Desert.Drawing a line in the sand: The Canning Stock Route and contemporary art, National Museum of Australia When droving along the stock route led to many family groups dispersing to the edges of the desert, communities were established in missions, towns, stations and settlements, and it was here that contemporary painting movements flourished.Stories recorded in paint: Listening to Country, National Museum of Australia In 2006, West Australian independent cultural organisation FORM instigated a contemporary arts and cultural initiative to "explore the complex history of the Canning Stock Route through the prism of contemporary Aboriginal art".FORM: Canning Stock Route Project, History , accessed 4 June 2011 Partnerships among nine art centres and communities with direct connections to the stock route region were set up.
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Savill bought The Assyrian, which went on to win the 1882 Melbourne Cup. He subsequently joined the Adelaide Gun Club, which in the days before clay pigeons used live birds as targets. He had a hobby farm at Morphettville close to the racecourse and the Holdfast Bay railway line (now a tramline), and there built a pigeon tower with boxes for 700 birds, which became a well-known local landmark, and deliberately made larger and taller than that of "Ben" Rounsevell nearby. ;John Born in Scotland, he emigrated to South Australia with his parents and was educated at Gawler, where he encountered Dick Holland, with whom, at age 13 or 14, he made his first overland droving trip from Sydney to Adelaide with horses, and made his next trip with John McKinlay, who shortly afterwards took over Lake Victoria Station.
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At the eastern end was The Pound, 9 km north of Blanchetown, which years later became named McBean Pound at Roonka Station. The overland road diverged at the Pound – one track went south toward Mount Barker and the other west to Narcoota, then on to Gawler Town and Adelaide. Apart from overlanding parties droving large mobs of livestock from New South Wales, Narcoota Springs had some distinguished visitors in its heyday. They included Governor George Gawler and explorer Charles Sturt, as well as Henry Inman, Commander of Police, who passed through there at least five times.Inman: first commander of the SA Police / Max Slee (Seaview Press, 2010)Narcoota Creek, looking eastThe first was in 1839 when Inman led a police party to the Weston Flat district to investigate conflict resulting in the death of one over-lander and an unknown number of Aboriginals.
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Andrew Scott, circa 1880 Squatters had begun to occupy Iman land from 1847 following Ludwig Leichhardt's 1844–45 journey through the area on his expedition to find an overland route to Port Essington on the north coast of Australia. The westernmost European appropriation of the area was named Hornet Bank station, seized by Andrew Scott, who arrived in the early 1850s. In 1854, he leased the station to Scottish-born John Fraser, who took his wife, Martha, and a large family ranging in age from young children to the early twenties, to live in this area, isolated from other European settlements. Two years later, John Fraser died of dysentery while on a droving trip to Ipswich and his eldest son, William, then aged 23, took over management of the station in collaboration with the lessee, Andrew Scott.
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He soon found work with John Reynell at Reynella Farm, and learned much of winemaking from the German fellow-workers. After two years he left for the goldfields of Victoria, where he was quite successful working with a butcher and droving cattle to the diggings from Yankalilla. He then started work on a station near Normanville. In 1853 he purchased a property of on the River Torrens which he called "Bankside", now Underdale, near the present Hardys Road. In 1854 he planted of fruit trees, mainly oranges, and of Shiraz vines which he enlarged in 1856, then added an acre of Muscatel table grapes in 1861. He made his first wine in 1857 and exported two hogsheads to England in 1859, one of the first exports of wine from South Australia. By 1863 his vineyards covered of Grenache, Mataro, Muscat, Roussillon, Shiraz and Zante grapes. He also purchased grapes from other vignerons in the Adelaide area. By 1879 his vintage had reached 27,000 gallons (100,000 litres).
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The goldrushes, cattle droving, mobs of sheep and laden wool wagons are all key iconic images of Australian colonial history in which the Murray River has had a significant role or relationship. The crossings of the Murray River have influenced the locations of major road and railway routes on both sides of the NSW-Victorian border and the waters of the River have been a key factor in the commercial agricultural development of what has been some of the most productive land in modern Australia. The inclusion of a lift-span in the Old Cobram-Barooga Bridge has historical significance as a relic of the commercial value of the shipping traffic using the Murray River in the latter half of the nineteenth century. Although with hindsight it is clear that this bridge was built at the latter end of the era of commercial shipping on the river, at the time it was built the value of this trade was still sufficient to warrant state investment in the provision of lift-span bridges.
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The current administration of leases is conducted by the appointed Minister for Lands of the day and the Pastoral Lands Board of Western Australia, which succeeded the Pastoral Board after changes to the Land Act of 1933 (repealed) and the new Land Administration Act of 1997.Pamphlet titled Pastoral Leases (February 1998) Land Administration Act Implementation Project of the Department of Land Administration (the Government Authority now known as Landgate) Further current policies and details of governance are updated within publications and websites administered by the Pastoral Lands Board.Pastoral leases home In 2006 the Pastoral Lands Board within the Department of Planning and Infrastructure produced a 24-page pamphlet,(2006) Travelling in Outback Western Australia – Tips to help you enjoy your outback adventure Pastoral Lands Board; (National Library of Australia record) which although appearing to be dealing with Outback issues, deals mainly with the process of accessing pastoral leases in Western Australia. The significant distances between stations and points of transport have seen droving or "stock routes" created in the past, such as the Canning Stock Route.
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As a publican she built a reputation for clearing the pub of problem drinkers by using the boxing skills taught to her by her first husband, boxing champion and self-defense enthusiast George Seale. Her hotel business was very successful. After her third husband, Charles Albert, died from malaria while droving cattle along the Birdsville Track in 1926, she bought the Pine Creek Hotel and managed it from 1928 to 1930. Brown became one of the Northern Territory’s richest people who "spent her money recklessly and gave it away liberally." Brown was a popular figure who became even more popular for occasionally throwing gold sovereigns and banknotes into the air as she walked down Darwin’s streets, shouting “Let catch as catch can!” Brown's lifestyle took its toll, however, and she began experiencing financial trouble, eventually forfeiting both her Wolfram Hill and Crest of the Wave mines in 1934. But her spirited nature was still in evidence when she was reported to be in a scuffle with another woman at Darwin's Star Theatre.
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On Dartbrook Thomas Hall set about breeding the cattle needed to stock these extensive holdings, and developed a herd of polled shorthorn cattle from stock imported from Durham in 1830. Getting the cattle to the Sydney markets presented a problem in that thousands of head of cattle had to be moved for thousands of kilometres along unfenced stock routes through sometimes rugged bush and mountain ranges. A note, in his own writing, records Thomas Hall's anger at losing 200 head in scrub. A droving dog was desperately needed but the colonial working dogs are understood to have been of Old English Sheepdog type (commonly referred to as Smithfields; descendants of these dogs still exist) useful only over short distances and for yard work with domesticated cattle. Thomas Hall addressed the problem by importing several of the dogs used by drovers in Northumberland, his parents’ home county. At this time dogs were generally described by their job, regardless of whether they constituted a ‘breed’ as it is currently understood, and in the manner of the time these blue mottled dogs were known as the Northumberland Blue Merle Drovers Dog.
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The town was described as "always a sleepy little town ... whose calm was broken by the brief Canal Creek gold-rush in 1871-2 ... clothed in dust raised by the slow passage of teams and flocks through the town". Most men were either employed as carriers on the Toowoomba-Goondiwindi road or else worked on nearby stations, rejoining their families at their Leyburn cottages on Saturday night. As one of the Darling Downs droving, drinking, and administrative centres located on the old stock and work-routes, significant government infrastructure was located in the town; from 1852 Leyburn became a postal distribution point for the district with mail services branching out from the town; in 1872 Leyburn was connected to the electric telegraph system becoming an important repeating station between Sydney and Brisbane; in 1861 Leyburn was appointed as a place for the holding of Courts of Petty Sessions, a Police Magistrate was appointed, and a lock-up erected followed in 1867 by a court house. Leyburn's first primary school (then called the National School) was established following the petitioning in 1861 by the local community of the colony's Board of General Education.
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