The doge meme brought dogs into internet fashion and made "doge-speak" into its own standalone thing.
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Examples: Rickrolling, "Harlem Shake" Classic Meme 6: Doge "Doge" is internet slang for "dog," and a Doge meme generally consists of an image of a Shiba Inu covered in captions—most likely in Comic Sans font—that show the animal's internal dialogue.
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Doge appeared two years before the We Rate Dogs Twitter made "good doggos" into a thing in 20103, but without "doge," it's likely we would have had neither.
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As with LOLcats, the grammar and spelling is atrocious (see: "doge," phrases like "much cake," etc.), but that is also where most of the humor of Doge memes originates.
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The dog never really hit the same level as Doge.
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Everyone has, at once, the same and different relationship to doge.
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Before Pepe, before Dat Boi, before Doge… there was Zero Wing.
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How many doge were in the hot wallet that you cashed out?
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The icon for "Reliability" features a doge (from the meme) playing a musical keyboard.
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And doge, for his cute little part, hasn't been cool in over three years.
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Who knew exploding dummies, sparkly unicorns and "good doge" memes could be so educational?
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Deploying Doge, which completes Slackmojis' top 10, can make asking for an annoying favor more palatable.
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Can you explain this phenomenon and why certain memes, like LOLcats and Doge, are replicated online?
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That said, "dogies" (doge-eeze) — my new portmanteau for "slofies" of dogs — are pretty great #dogie.
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But with so many dog accounts on the site, choosing which doge to follow can be tricky.
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It has been a fabric factory and home to a Venetian doge; a bathhouse and a college.
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Earlier on, the normie energy of other animals — like Doge and Grumpy Cat — was hard to outmatch.
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One that recently caught my eye shows Granny playing with her dog (or as my kids say, doge).
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The producer and artist also collaborated with film composer Tom Doge and vocalist Kathrin deBoer on the record.
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Doge is so fun and good natured that it won the approval of even the sharpest internet critics.
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The possibility of one day seeing this cool doge might be the only reason to keep riding the subway.
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Sun then plays the the howls back to Kibo and records the cute doge singing along to his voice.
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Before snek and doge, there were lolcats, and several other animal memes that have risen and fallen over the years.
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Popularized on Tumblr, "Doge" took the cat memes to new, absurdist heights, an early hallmark of neo-Dadaist millennial humor.
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Even though this little ride looks like a punishment, the doge looks like he couldn't possibly be having a better time.
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Someday it will outpace us, and we will join rage comics, doge, and success kid in the land of the dead.
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Looking like a doge in a painting by Tintoretto, his hood remained up and tight around his face as he spoke.
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Depending on whom you ask, pandoro goes back to ancient Rome or the Middle Ages or the doge of Venice's Palace.
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While some may dismiss "doge" and "smol" as insignificant, others know the internet is changing the fabric of the English language daily.
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In the meantime, consider it a good excuse to keep sending the object of your desire as many doge memes you can muster.
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Other apparently automated accounts pay homage to burgers, the Doge meme, geese, Hydrox cookies, knights, pigs, pulp science fiction, Putin, trains, and Transformers.
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Shiba Inus are one of the internet's favorite dog breeds, ever since the infamous doge meme that surged to popularity in late 2012.
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Feb. 25-March 25 Verdi's early opera, which he wrote at 31, follows a Venetian doge whose son is accused of treason and murder.
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Snek is sort of a derivative of doge and other animal image macros: pictures of animals overlaid with captions of the subject's inner monologue.
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So in 2500, he built his own cryptocurrency, a satirical mash-up that combined Bitcoin with the Doge meme he'd seen on social media.
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A project called Doge Ball, presented today at the Disrupt SF 2016 Hackathon, has developed a new piece of hardware that could be the answer.
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In the long, obtuse history of Things That Became Memes, there are some obvious ones—Nyan Cat, say, or maybe Doge—and some less obvious ones.
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Back in 22017 two GOP representatives —Kentucky's Thomas Massie and Steve Stockman of Texas — tried (and epically failed) to make doge memes work to their political advantage.
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Part influenced by Sphero, and part influenced by connected consumer video products like the Nest Cam and baby monitors that let you watch and respond to your tots remotely, Doge Ball (a play on the Doge meme, but actually pronounced "Doggy Ball", for Dog e-ball) is essentially a connected ball — in the demo version a hacked hamster running ball — that links up with an app on your phone.
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We've moved beyond Lolcats, beyond Doge, now we are in another more image-based language of images that relies on the memory and referential shapes for the meaning.
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" (In case you've already forgotten some dank memes, think doge, Condescending Wonka, or NO. rage face.) "Dank memes," McCulloch says, "require a basic understanding of internet meme-dom.
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She responds to a public commission with a savage painting that offends Venice's ruler, the Doge — until local officials find a way to harness its power to their advantage.
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Cause of death: House GOP Representatives Thomas Massie and Steve Stockman This may hurt some of you die-hard Shiba Inu lovers, but doge died a very long time ago.
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But if he did, he might channel Doge to offer a few cautionary words for investors who are falling for cryptocurrency start-ups, Silicon Valley's latest moneymaking craze: Very bubble.
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As "doge" endured, this quirky language became associated with dogs at large, just as it already is IRL; after all, we tend to use very simplified speech with our pets.
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So "doge" is weird, but comfy and cozy; it tipped the realm of edgy memes toward the new era of the wholesome meme, before this divide had really become cultural.
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"I do not understand why doge has captivated me while other memes premised on animals and misspelled words... make me want to quit the internet forever," Adrian Chen wrote in 2013.
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There are animals on totes: lolcats requesting cheezburger or riding tacos through a cosmic backdrop, honey badgers refusing to tolerate your nonsense, the awed-looking shiba inu, known simply as the doge.
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Pick them up a little treat (with permission from their owner), give them a few extra snuggles and let the little doge know that you appreciate them more than they will ever know.
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While Stockman did use fun text colors, his phrases like "oppose Ted Cruz" and "support Obamacare funding" weren't even in the style of the meme and would definitely not be doge-approved. wow.
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Doge, the now ten-year-old Shiba Inu from Japan, is gentle and calm in real life, but on the internet she's often a befuddled goof — or something else absurd and entirely unrelated to dogness.
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After building a telescope in 1609, the first thing he did was escort the Doge of Venice to the top of the clock tower, the city's highest point, and have him look through the lens.
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Doge Ball is tapping into a big market: in the U.S. alone, it's estimated that between 37 percent and 47 percent of households own a dog, working out to between 70 million and 80 million dogs.
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It was on March 29, 1516 that the leader of the Venetian Republic, Doge Leonardo Loredan, and his senate decreed that if Jews wanted to stay in Venice, they had to live on a small island surrounded by canals.
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The smallest, a midsize Jacopo Tintoretto, "Doge Alvise Mocenigo (563-77) Presented to the Redeemer," illustrates the show's theme in a literal way: It's an oil study for some larger painting and never meant to stand on its own.
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DOGES are Venetian officials, according to the dictionary and all of the times the word has appeared in the New York Times Crossword, although some solvers may recognize the word DOGE as a meme featuring a judgmental-looking Shiba Inu.
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R. The only meme of the decade to inspire an actually used form of blockchain currency, Doge was a breath of fresh air in 20103 when people were starting to feel burned out about what the first iteration of what "memes" were.
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The online database Know Your Meme has confirmed the existence of some 4,066 successful memes in the wild — including newcomers like Big Chungus, a fake series of video games starring an obese rabbit, and classics like Doge, which featured a shiba inu speaking broken English.
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For those unfamiliar, the one-D DOGE (pronounced DOH-zhj) was a meme involving a Shiba Inu and DOGY, if we stretch our imaginations a bit, could be an adjectival form of the meme ("My word, Marge, the look on your face is downright DOGY.").
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"We love our dog, and we decided to buy a Nest Cam to see what our own dog was doing while we were away all day, and to try to talk to her, but she didn't really respond," said James Xu, one of Doge Ball's three developers.
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About a dozen singers split the many roles, so that, for instance, the sinewy baritone Jonathan McGovern appeared first as a prince, in the magnificent robes of a Doge; then as an actor, in shirt sleeves; and finally as Borée, the god of wind, descending from the rafters.
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Even the founding fathers of astronomy were in dialogue with war makers; Ptolemy published military predictions based on his astronomical knowledge, Galileo secured the patronage of the doge in Venice by touting the military uses of his telescope and Kepler served as the astrologer for a prominent general during the Thirty Years' War.
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There is a rush of startups that have come out to help you take care of your pets, from dog grooming to dog-sitting services, and while Doge Ball is a toy, it's also, by way of its monitoring aspect, also a nice take on a way to help care for your pets as well.
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In addition to the American-originated Yao Ming laughing face and ubiquitous doge, some commonly seen characters at time of writing include: From left to right: These standardized faces are sometimes combined with captions as-is, but the real magic happens when they are crafted into a variety of outfits and settings to represent a wide range of emotions and situations.
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Doge Weather illustrates weather conditions in the vicinity of the Soberanes Fire. Doge Weather (or dogeweather.com) is a weather forecasting mobile app, web application, and website incorporating the Internet meme Doge.
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A doge was referred to variously by the titles "My Lord the Doge" ('), "Most Serene Prince" ('), and "His Serenity" (').
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Following the death of Antonio Priuli on 12 August 1623, there was no obvious successor as Doge. When voting commenced, there was a stalemate. Francesco Contarini did not particularly want to be Doge, but after 79 ballots had failed to elect a Doge, he was prevailed on to agree to become Doge, and he was elected on 8 September. Little of note happened during Contarini's time as Doge.
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Marco died in August 1486, less than a year after becoming Doge, probably in a violent dispute between nobles caused by his brother Agostino. He was succeeded as Doge by Agostino Barbarigo, who was Procurator while Marco was Doge, from 1486 until 1501.
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The doge holds the "ducal promise"Enrico Dandolo, Encyclopædia Britannica Enrico Dandolo was the first doge to swear this coronation oath.Louise Buenger Robbert, Reorganization of the Venetian Coinage by Doge Enrico Dandolo, page 48 The legend names the doge on the left, with his title, DVX in the field. The legend on the right names the saint as S. M. VENETI, i.e. Saint Mark of Venice.
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Giustiniano was away in Constantinople when his father, the then-reigning Doge Agnello, appointed his younger brother Giovanni as co-doge. When Giustiniano returned, he flew into a fury. Agnello appointed his third son, also Agnello, co-doge and began to oppose Giustiniano, even besieging him in the church of San Severo. Giustiniano gained the upper hand, however, and exiled his younger brother and succeeded his father as doge in 827.
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Felicia Malipiero (d. after 978), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Pietro I Orseolo (r. 976-978) and mother of doge Pietro II Orseolo.
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Pietro II Candiano (c. 872 – 939) was the nineteenth Doge of Venice between 932 and 939. He followed Orso II Participazio (912–932) to become Doge in 932.
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In 1618, he was appointed provveditore of Veglia. Upon the sudden death of Doge Nicolò Donato only 35 days after his election, Priuli was recalled from Veglia to become Doge.
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Only a handful of Venetians escaped. When the news arrived in Venice, it was met with shock, outrage, and, at least on the part of the Doge and the ambassadors, embarrassment. Doge Michiel summoned his board of high councillors, the sapienti, for a meeting. They overwhelmingly urged the Doge to proceed with caution.
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Doge uses two-word phrases in which the first word is almost always one of five modifiers ("so", "such", "many", "much", and "very"), and the departure from correct English is to use the modifier with a word that it cannot properly modify. For example, "Much respect. So noble." uses the doge modifiers but is not "proper" doge because the modifiers are used in a formally correct fashion; the doge version would be "Much noble, so respect." In addition to these phrases, a doge utterance often ends with a single word, most often "wow" but with "amaze" and "excite" also being used.
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Son of Alessandro Giustiniani Longo, doge in the two-year period 1611–1613, and Lelia De Franchi Toso, he was born in the Genoese capital around 1586. On July 21, 1644, Giustiniani was appointed by the Grand Council as the new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the 62nd in biennial succession and the one hundred and seventh in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Like his other predecessors, the doge of doge Luca Giustiniani was marked by the "economic, political and maritime rebirth" of the Republic of Genoa.
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In January 2014, Sydney-based web developers Katia Eirin and Bennett Wong created Doge Weather, a weather website and mobile app incorporating the meme. Doge Weather reports the temperature and weather conditions based on the user's geographic location. In April 2014, Doge Weather became available as a mobile app for iOS 7 costing 99¢. In mid-2014, the advertisement agency DDB Stockholm had Doge feature prominently in an advertising campaign for the public transport company SL in Stockholm, Sweden.
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Nicolò Contarini, doge of Venice from 1630 to 1631 Nicolò Contarini (26 September 1553 - 2 April 1631), was the 97th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 18 January 1630 until his death 15 months later. Contarini was the Doge who presided over Venice during the Italian plague of 1629–1631, which killed one third of Venice's population.
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Raniero Dandolo or Rainero Dandolo ( 1204–42) was a Venetian admiral and statesman, titled Procurator of San Marco and Vice-Doge of Venice. The son of the 41st Doge of Venice, Enrico Dandolo (r. 1192–1205), he served as Vice-Doge during his father's absence. His daughter Anna Dandolo married Serbian Grand Prince, subsequently King, Stefan Nemanjić (r.
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Marcantonio Giustinian (March 2, 1619 – March 23, 1688) was the 107th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on January 26, 1684 until his death. Giustiniani was the quintessential Doge of the Republic of Venice, taking little interest in affairs of state. He had little role in the conduct of the Morean War (1684-1699), which was raging during his time as Doge, though a number of military victories were secured by provveditore Francesco Morosini, who would later be Giustinian's successor as Doge.
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Battista Spinola was the 47th Doge of Genoa. He was elected on January 4, 1531 and held office for two years. Battista was the father of Luca Spinola who was the 57th Doge of Genoa.
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Domenico Monegario was the traditional sixth Doge of Venice (756-764).
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Republic of Venice, Grosso or 'Matapan' of Antonio Venier, Doge of Venice (1382-1400). Coat of arms of Antonio Venier Tomb of Doge Antonio Venier Antonio Venier (c. 1330 – 23 November 1400) was a Doge of Venice reigning from October 1382 to his death. He was interred in the Basilica di San Giovanni e Paolo, a traditional burial place of the doges.
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From 1595 onwards his promissione ducale was read to him every two months. In the course of the centuries this "contract" became more and more extensive and from 1595 it was printed. The promissione ducale of Doge Marino Grimani contained 108 pages, Doge Giovanni II Cornaro's had 165 pages, and the one for the last doge, Ludovico Manin, had 301 pages.
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Enrico Dandolo was the uncle of the famous Doge of Venice, also called Enrico Dandolo. He grew up in the small parish of San Luca, where his contemporary the future doge Pietro Polani also lived. In 1122 the doge Domenico Michiel launched a seaborne crusade to help Baldwin II of Jerusalem. Enrico Dandolo participated in the Venetian Crusade while in his early twenties.
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Leonardo Loredan (1501), Doge of Venice, by Giovanni Bellini, wearing the Corno Ducale, the ducal hat which symbolised his office A doge (;Define Doge at Dictionary.com ; plural dogi or doges) was an elected lord and chief of state in several Italian city-states, notably Venice and Genoa, during the medieval and renaissance periods. Such states are referred to as "crowned republics".
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Francesco Giustiniano di Garibaldo was a statesman who became doge of the Republic of Genoa. He was elected doge on July 16, 1393 after his predecessor was forced to step down after only one day in office. He himself remained in office only two weeks until the exiled Montaldo family returned and Antoniotto di Montaldo was elected as the new doge.
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Initially the doge of Genoa was elected without restriction and by popular suffrage. Following reforms in 1528, plebeians were declared ineligible, and the appointment of the doge was entrusted to the members of the great council, the '.
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Orso I Participazio (Latin: Ursus Particiacus; died 881), also known as Orso I Badoer, was Doge of Venice from 864 until 881. He was, according to tradition, the fourteenth doge, though historically he is only the twelfth.
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The first Biz Cas Fri video arguably first coined the term Doge.
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With her he had nine children including the future doge Raffaele Adorno.
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Since the inception of the meme, several variations and spin-offs have been created, including "liquified Doge", a variation wherein the dog's shape is morphed into other animals, and "ironic Doge", a version where the Doge character is put into ironic and uncharacteristic situations. The ironic Doge memes have spawned several other related characters, often dogs themselves. One of which is Cheems, another Shiba Inu who is typically characterized by a speech impediment that adds the letter "M" throughout its speech. Cheems is based on an image of a dog named Balltze.
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The obverse shows the standing figures of the doge and Saint Mark the Evangelist, the patron of Venice. On the right, Saint Mark holds the gospel, which is his usual attribute, and presents a Gonfalone to the doge.
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Alicia or Adelasa (d. after 1156), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Domenico Michele (r. 1117–1130) and the mother of the Doge Vital II Michele. She was politically active during the reign of her spouse, continued to be a part of the political life after his abdication in 1130, and successfully worked for Vital II Michele's election as doge.
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Grimaldi becomes doge when Ferdinando Spinola renounced his position of doge. The election took place on January 26, 1773. The suppression of the Society of Jesus was imposed during his Dogate, to which the doge and a large part of the Genoese aristocracy were in favor. For this reason Pier Francesco Grimaldi delayed the execution of this order, in agreement with the Jesuit archbishop of Genoa.
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The obverse shows the Doge of Venice kneeling before St. Mark, the patron saint of Venice. Saint Mark holds the gospel, which is his usual attribute, and presents a gonfalone to the doge. The legend on the left identifies the saint as S M VENET, i.e. Saint Mark of Venice, and the legend on the right identifies the doge, with his title DVX in the field.
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Giorgio Adorno was a statesman who became doge of the Republic of Genoa for two years. His father was Adornino Adorno and his mother Nicolosia della Rocca and his brother, Antoniotto, was elected four times as doge of the Republic. He was born c. 1350 but little is known about his youth except that he married Pietrina Montaldo, daughter of the doge Leonardo Montaldo.
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Pietro Tradonico (; c. 800 - 13 September 864) was Doge of Venice from 836 to 864. He was, according to tradition, the thirteenth doge, though historically he is only the eleventh. His election broke the power of the Participazio family.
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In 1275, he was among the electors of the new Doge, Jacopo Contarini.
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The Fourth Crusade later offered doge Enrico Dandolo the opportunity to take revenge.
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Coat of arms of Reniero Zeno Silver Grosso of Doge Raniero Zeno, 1253–1268, Venice. Reniero Zeno (Venetian: Renieri Zen) (died July 7, 1268) was the 45th Doge of Venice, reigning from January 1, 1253 until his death in 1268.
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Coat of arms of Sebastiano Ziani Sebastiano Ziani was Doge of Venice from 1172 to 1178. He was one of the greatest planners of Venice.Davis, John. During his short term as Doge, Ziani divided the city-state into many districts.
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The first bishop was Obelerius. He was invested and enthroned by the doge, and consecrated by the Patriarch of Grado. In 798 the doge nominated Cristoforo as his successor. Giovanni, patriarch of Grado, refused to consecrate Cristoforo due to his youth.
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Francesco Dandolo's coat of arms Monument to Doge Francesco Dandolo Francesco Dandolo (died 1339) was the 52nd Doge of Venice. He ruled from 1329 to 1339. During his reign Venice began its policy of extending its territory on the Italian mainland.
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His predecessor Pietro I Orseolo had left Venice to become a monk. He voluntarily abdicated after serving as Doge for 14 months, which allowed his niece's husband to become the next Doge. His daughter Maria Candiano married Pietro II Orseolo.
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Commission of Doge Nicolò Marcello, 1473-74, in Venice, Museo Correr, ms. Classe III 43, document description and first page online at nuovabibliotecamanoscritta, Tommaso Loredan was given a commission as captain of two Venetian galleys in 1490 by Doge Augustino Barbarigo.
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Paris Bordone, Fisherman Presenting a Ring to the Doge Gradenigo (1534). Oil on canvas, . Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice. The Fisherman Presenting the Ring to Doge Gradenigo is a 1534 oil-on-canvas painting by the Venetian Renaissance painter Paris Bordone (1495–1570).
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He was engaged in a long-running dispute over jurisdiction with Giovanni Polani, the Bishop of Castello. He also became involved in a dispute with the doge of Venice over lay involvement in church affairs. The dispute with the doge escalated when the doge supported the Byzantine Empire when it was invaded by the Normans. Venice had critically important economic ties with the empire, but it was in schism with Rome.
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Coat of arms of Marco Barbarigo Marco Barbarigo (c. 1413 – August 14, 1486) was the 73rd Doge of Venice from 1485 until 1486. His nomination took place on a new staircase in the courtyard of the Doge's Palace, on an axis with the Campanile of St. Mark and the Porta della Carta. Barbarigo was elected as Doge of Venice in September 1485 to succeed Doge Giovanni Mocenigo, who was possibly poisoned.
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Pietro Polani (died 1148) was the 36th Doge of Venice. He reigned from 1130 to 1148. Polani was elected Doge over the protests of the Dandolo and Bado families because of his first marriage to Adelasa Michele, who was the daughter of his predecessor Domenico Michele. His opponents saw his election to Doge as a violation of a decree that sought to prevent public positions from being passed on through inheritance.
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Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo (1701–1778) was doge of Venice from 1763 until his death.
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Pietro Tribuno (died 912) was the Doge of Venice from 887 to his death.
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Giovanni Battista Doria (1470 - 1554) was the 50th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Tomaso di Campofregoso (1375–1453) was doge of the Republic of Genoa three times.
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Spinetta Fregoso (Genoa, 1400Gavi, 1467) was the 35th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Battista Lomellini (Genoa, 1460Genoa, 1540) was the 48th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Stefano Lomellini (Genoa, 1683Genoa, 1753) was the 161st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Brizio Giustiniani (Genoa, 1713Genoa, 1778) was the 174th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Galla Gaulo or Galla Lupanio was the fifth traditional Doge of Venice (755–756).
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Caffè del Doge is a coffee roaster and café franchise, based in Venice, Italy.
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Raffaele Adorno (Genoa, 1375 - Genova, July 1458) was the twenty-ninth Doge of Genoa.
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An embassage from the Doge of Venice had brightened the harbor with their galleys.
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Grand Procession of the Doge, 16th century Gold coin of Bartolomeo Gradenigo (1260–1342): the Doge kneeling before St. Mark. The Return of the Bucentaur to the Molo on Ascension Day (1730 by Canaletto) One of the ceremonial duties of the doge was to celebrate the symbolic marriage of Venice with the sea. This was done by casting a ring from the state barge, the Bucentaur, into the Adriatic. In its earlier form this ceremony was instituted to commemorate the conquest of Dalmatia by Doge Pietro II Orseolo in 1000, and was celebrated on Ascension Day.
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Bajamonte Tiepolo (died after 1329) was a Venetian noble, great-grandson of Doge Jacopo Tiepolo, grandson of Doge Lorenzo Tiepolo, son of Giacomo Tiepolo. Bajamonte's wife was the Princess of Rascia. Marco Querini, a fellow conspirator, was his father-in-law. Unhappy with the policies of the reigning Doge, Pietro Gradenigo, Tiepolo and other members of the leading families of the old aristocracy, the Querini (Marco and Piero) and the Badoer (former Partecipazio), organized a conspiracy, put into effect on 15 June 1310, the Feast of Saint Vitus, to overthrow the Doge and the Great Council of Venice.
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Officially crowned on August 31, his mandate as Doge was marked by the end of hostilities and the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748, that brought a new air of hope and tranquility for the neo doge, and for the Genoese, after the clashes and riots of the people. Reabsorbed the territories of Finale and the colony of Corsica, the doge Cesare Cattaneo Della Volta actively worked for the return of the normalization of those political-social relations that the anti-oligarchic jolts that emerged during the revolt itself had threatened to crack. Ceased office as doge on March 6, 1750 he did not retire to private life, but rather continued to serve the state machine even in the post-customs period. The former doge died on 22 July 1756 leaving his only heirs the nephews Giovan Battista and Giacomo Cattaneo Della Volta, sons of the already deceased brother, and former doge Nicolò.
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Francesco Cornaro was the son of Giovanni Cornaro, who was Doge of Venice from 1625 to 1629. Francesco Cornaro was married to Andriana Priuli, the daughter of Antonio Priuli, who was Doge from 1618 to 1623. Francesco Cornaro had a prestigious political career.
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Maurizio Galbaio (Latin: Mauricius Galba) (died 787) was the seventh traditional, but fifth historical, Doge of Venice from 764 to his death. He was the first great doge, who reigned for 22 years and set Venice on its path to independence and success.
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12, pp. 59–114. Marco Foscarini was the Doge of Venice during this time period.
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Carlo Ruzzini (11 November 1653 – 5 January 1735) was a Venetian diplomat, statesman, and Doge.
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Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta (1487 - 1572) was the 52nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Barnaba Guano (Levanto, 1370 - Genoa, 1454) was the 23rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Barnaba Adorno (Genoa, 1385 - Genoa, 1459) was the 30th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Girolamo Vivaldi (Genoa, 1495 - Genoa, 1577) was the 61st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Luca Spinola (Genoa, 1489 - Genoa, 1579) was the 57th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Paolo Giustiniani Moneglia (Genoa, 1506Genoa, 1586) was the 67th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giannotto Lomellini (Genoa, 1519 - Genoa, 1574) was the 68th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Andrea Spinola (Genoa, 1562 - Genoa, 1641) was the 99th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giacomo Promontorio (Genoa, 1508 - Genoa, 1578) was the 58th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Lomellini (Genoa, 1709 - Genoa, 1791) was the 166th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Gerolamo Chiavari (Genoa, 1521 - Genoa, 1586) was the 74th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Pinelli Luciani (Genoa, 1537Genoa, 1620) was the 88th doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Davide Vacca (Genoa, 1518 - Genoa, 1607) was the 76th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Lercari (Genoa, 1507Genoa, 1592) was the 64th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giuseppe Lomellini (Genoa, 1723 - Genoa, 1803) was the 175th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Viale (Genova, 1692 - Genova, 1777) was the 160th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giulio Sauli (Genoa, 1578 – Genoa, 1668) was the 113th doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Tomaso Spinola (Genoa, 1557 - Genoa, 1631) was the 90th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Battista Fregoso (Genoa, 1450 - Rome, 1504) was the 40th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Antoniotto Adorno quickly gained the heart of the people and on April 6, 1383, he forced Nicolò Guarco to abandon the dogeship (but not to be elected doge after him). Guarco fled the city and found refuge in Finale. Soon after, the new doge, Leonardo Montaldo, allowed him to return to Genoa. A new plague ravaged the city in 1384, the doge succumbed to the disease and this time Antoniotto Adorno managed to get elected.
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Aluycia Gradenigo (died 1385), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Marino Faliero (r. 1354-1355). Aluycia was the daughter of Nicolo Gradenigo and related to doge Pietro Gradenigo. She was known for her beauty and her love life, and said to have had many affairs. She is known for her affair with Michele Steno, which was the catalyst for a failed coup d'etat by doge Faliero for which he was executed.
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Deprived of any real power, the Concio of the People survived only as a formal meeting at dell'acclamazione under the new Doge that was elected. The body still presented the crowd with a ritual phrase: :( VEC ) ::"Questi xe monsignor el Doxe, se ve piaze!" :( EN ) ::"He is our lord, the Doge, if you like!" (ritual presentation of the new Doge to the People) The meeting was at this point useless and officially abolished in 1423.
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Cecilia Contarini (fl. 1578) was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Sebastiano Venier (r. 1577-1578). She married the future doge in 1544. Along with her spouse, she reportedly preferred to avoid ceremony and public life and lived secluded in the palace.
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Otto Orseolo (, also Urseolo; c. 992−1032) was the Doge of Venice from 1008 to 1026. He was the third son of Pietro II Orseolo and Maria Candiano, whom he succeeded at the age of sixteen, becoming the youngest doge in Venetian history.Hazlitt, 115–133.
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The Most Serene Prince Antoniotto Adorno (1340 – Finale Ligure, 1398) was the 6th doge of the Republic of Genoa and rose four times to this supposedly lifelong position, making him the person most often elected to the Doge office in the history of the republic.
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Lodovico di Campofregoso (1415–1489) was an Italian nobleman who was three times doge of Genoa.
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Another in the series represents the Doge going to hear Mass at San Nicolò al Lido.
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Tribuno Memmo (died 991) was the 25th Doge of Venice who served from 979 to 991.
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Giannandrea Giustiniani Longo (Genoa, 1494 - Genoa, 1554) was the 51st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Benedetto Gentile Pevere (Genoa, 1490 - Genoa, 1555) was the 55th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Andrea Centurione Chiariti (Genoa, 1471 - Genoa, 1546) was the 53rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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The office of doge was later restored with the election of Orso's son, Teodato, in 742.
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Matteo Senarega (1534 - Genoa, 21 December 1606) was the 80th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Bernardo Clavarezza (Genoa, 1560Genoa, 27 April 1627) was the 91st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Ottavio Gentile Oderico (Genoa, 1499 - Genoa, 1575) was the 65th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Stefano Doria (Genoa, 1578 - Genoa, 1643) was the 101st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Battista Negrone (Genoa, 1530 - Genoa, January 1592) was the 77th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Grimaldi (Genoa, 1673 - Genoa, 1757) was the 162nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Gian Carlo Pallavicino (Genoa, 1722 - Genoa, 1794) was the 179th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Giacomo Grimaldi (Genoa, 1705 - Padua, 1777) was the 164th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Luca Chiavari (Genoa, 1573 - Genoa, 1657) was the 98th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Alessandro Giustiniani Longo (Genoa, 1554 - Genoa, 1631) was the 89th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Prospero Centurione Fattinanti (Genoa, 1510 - Genoa, 1581) was the 70th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Marco Antonio Gentile (Genoa, 1723 - Genoa, 1798) was the 177th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Marcello Durazzo (Genoa, 1710 - Genoa, December 1791) was the 169th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti (Genoa, 1492 - Genoa, 1566) was the 59th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Antonio Grimaldi Cebà ( Genoa, 1534 - Genoa, 1599) was the 79th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giacomo Grimaldi Durazzo (Genoa, 1503 - Genoa, 1579) was the 69th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Ayroli (Genoa, 1731 - Genoa, 1808) was the 178th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Alerame Maria Pallavicini (Genoa, 1730 - Genoa, 1805) was the 181st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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It was Pietro Tribuno, his great-nephew. His son, Pietro II Candiano, also later became Doge.
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Barbo participated in a diplomatic proposal by the Doge of Venice Antonio Venier involving giving the island of Tenedos to John V Palaiologos instead of destroying it according to the Venetian plan "factum ruynationis Tenedi". According to the Doge, "it would be offensive to God and to all mankind to disperse the Greek population of Tenedos and to destroy everything on the island". The doge also wanted to keep the island as an aid to maritime navigation and argued that the Ottomans could rebuild it even if the Venetians destroyed it. However the proposal of the Doge did not succeed due to Genoan and Venetian opposition.
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Domenico di Campofregoso (1325–1390) was the fifth doge of Genoa. He succeeded Gabriele Adorno upon the deposition of the latter on August 13, 1370 by the two vicars of the people. He held the longest consecutive term as Doge in the history of the Republic.
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All the houses of the Dandolo family were levelled. Dandolo fled to Rome, where Pope Eugene III (1145-1153) excommunicated the doge and placed an interdict on the whole city of Venice. The doge went ahead with a successful expedition against the Normans, in which he died.
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The father of Pietro IV, Pietro III, appointed him co-doge. Towards the end of his father's dogeship, Pietro IV rebelled against him. The revolt failed thanks to popular support for the doge. Pietro III managed to prevent his execution but could not stop his exile.
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The advertisement concerned the company's special summer tickets, and featured Doge holding a public transport ticket in his mouth, with phrases such as "many summer", "such cheap" and "very buy". In the video for "Weird Al" Yankovic's 2014 song "Word Crimes", a song about bad grammar, a Doge tweet is used to illustrate the types of bad grammar referenced in that part of the song. "Doge" was one of several additions to Dictionary.com in November 2015.
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Simone Spinola (Genoa, 1497 - Genoa, 3 October 1569) was the 66th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Cristoforo Grimaldi Rosso (Genoa, 1480 - Genoa, March 1563) was the 49th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giacomo Lomellini (Genoa, 1570 - Genoa, April 1, 1652) was the 97th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Nicolò Doria (Genoa, 1525 - Genoa, 13 October 1592) was the 72nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Luca Grimaldi De Castro (Genoa, 1530 - Genoa, 1611) was the 85th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Gentile Pignolo (Genoa, 1525 - Genoa, 1595) was the 71st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Leonardo Della Torre (Genoa, 1570Genoa, 16 August 1651) was the 100th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Ambrogio Doria (Genoa, 1550 - Genoa, June 12, 1621) was the 94th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Giacomo Imperiale Tartaro (Genoa, 1554 - Genoa, 1622) was the 92nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Gerolamo De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1522 - Genoa, 1586) was the 73rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Ambrogio Di Negro (Genoa, 1519 - Genoa, August 1601) was the 75th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Gerolamo Assereto (Recco, 1543 - Genoa, 15 March 1627) was the 87th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Doria (Genoa, 1540 - Genoa, December 1, 1607) was the 83rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Silvestro Invrea (Genoa, 1530 - Genoa, 17 March 1607) was the 86th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Agostino Giustiniani Campi (Genoa, 1538 - Genoa, 1613) was the 78th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Cicala Zoagli (Genoa, 1485 - Genoa, 1566) was the 63rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Paolo Lucio Anafesto () was, according to tradition, the first Doge of Venice, serving from 697 to 717.
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Giano I di Campofregoso (died 16 December 1448) was the 31st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Carola (fl. 811) was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Obelerio degli Antenori (r. 804-811). She was politically active and exerted influence over the affairs of state. She was the first consort of a Venetian doge with the title and position of dogaressa of Venice.
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The word is from the Venetian dialect, reaching English via French. ', along with the related English word duke and the Italian ', descends from the Latin ', meaning "leader", especially in a military context. The wife of a doge is styled a ' and the office of the doge is termed dogeship.
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Once he had returned to Genoa, he quickly started to conspire to oust doge Guarcò. The same year he managed to force his former accomplice out of office but he failed to win the ensuing elections; he was, however, allowed to remain in Genoa and entered the council of the Ancients. On June 15, 1384, at the death of doge Leonardo Montaldo, Antonietto was finally elected doge. One of his first decisions was to have Niccolò Guarco imprisoned in Lerici.
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Painting by Domenico Tintoretto depicting Giovanni Bembo kneeling before the personification of the Republic of Venice. Marcantonio Memmothe elected Doge died on 31 October 1615, leaving no obvious choice as a successor as Doge. The old noble families (the vecchie faction) were divided between two candidates as doge, while the new noble families (the nuove faction) were unable to unite behind a candidate. After several rounds of voting, the 41 electors were unable to decide on a candidate, leading to rioting in Venice.
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She used her connections to have Vital II Michele elected doge, a goal she succeeded with in 1156.
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Several online polls and media outlets recognized Doge as one of the best Internet memes of the 2010s.
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Ottaviano Fregoso (born in Genoa, 1470 - died in Ischia, 1524) was the Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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In 2019 he created a large mural work for the Venice Biennale entitled The Doge and The Gondolier.
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Paolo da Novi (Novi Ligure, 1440Genoa, 10 July 1507) was the 42nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista De Fornari (Genoa, 1484 - Antwerp, 16th century) was the 54th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Gaspare Grimaldi Bracelli (Genoa, 1477 - Genoa, 4 July 1552) was the 56th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Agostino Pallavicini (Genoa, 1577Genoa, 1649) was the 103rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Francesco Garbarino (Genoa, 1607Genoa, 1672) was the 120th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Lazzaro Grimaldi Cebà (Genoa, 1520 - Genoa, February 16, 1599) was the 81st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Francesco Invrea (Genoa, 1641Genoa, 1723) was the 132nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Obelerio degli Antenori (also Antenoreo) was the ninth traditional (seventh historical) Doge of Venice from 804 to 811.
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Pietro Participazio (reigned 939–942) was, by tradition, the twentieth Doge of Venice of the Republic of Venice.
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Pietro Fregoso (or Campofregoso; 1330 – 22 April 1404) was a statesman who became the 13th Doge of Genoa.
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These forty-five were once more reduced by lot to eleven, and the eleven finally chose the forty-one who elected the doge. Election required at least twenty-five votes out of forty-one, nine votes out of eleven or twelve, or seven votes out of nine electors.. Before taking the oath of investiture, the doge-elect was presented to the concio with the words: "This is your doge, if it please you." This ceremonial gesture signified the assent of the Venetian people. This practice came to an end with the abolition of the concio in 1423; after the election of Francesco Foscari, he was presented with the unconditional pronouncement - "Your doge".
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Contarini's depiction of the Doge lucidly demonstrates the way in which this figure embodies both the conscious illusion of a resplendent monarchical ruler and an equally conscious demonstration of a regime that wishes to portray itself as ruled by many limiting the powers of one. This calculated duality means that Contarini's doge, which the second book of De magistratibus is almost entirely devoted to discussing, represents the closest point in his text to what actually occurred, because the Doge served as a literal embodiment of the idealisation of the reality of Venetian politics. For Contarini, this duality almost defines the greatness of the Venetian constitution. The Doge is the “heart”, under which “all are comprised” .
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King Coloman died in 1116, ten years after his conquest, while the Doge Ordelafo Faliero had in the meantime returned from Outremer. In a comprehensive campaign along the coast, the Doge retook all the Dalmatian cities, and also, for the first time, the Croatian cities of coast such as Biograd and Šibenik. In 1117, however, he was defeated and killed in renewed battle with the Hungarians under Stephen II of Hungary, and Split again acknowledged Hungarian rule. But the new Doge, Domenico Michele, quickly defeated the Hungarians again and restored Venetian authority by 1118. In 1124, while the Doge was engaged against the Byzantine Empire (now hostile to Venice), Stephen II recovered Split and Trogir without resistance.
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Jacopo's patriotic spirit cannot brook such a sentence, he longs to die, and he duly does die of a broken heart. The Council of Ten orders the doge to abdicate, and, as the bells begin to toll to signify the election of a new doge, the old one falls and dies.
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The Grand Council of 29 January 1732 elected him the new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the one hundred and sixth in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifty-first in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of the king of Corsica.
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The family's decline began in 1355, when the Doge Marino Faliero tried to realise a coup d'état in Venice and establish a monarchy, but failed and was decapitated. If there were other significant Falieros, they never expressed a Doge again and at the end of the 14th century the family disappeared.
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Loicia (Aloicia) da Prata or Alucia da Frata (d. after 1268), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Reniero Zeno (r. 1252-1268). She was from an influential family of Friuli, which initially a matter of dislike when she became dogaressa. Her spouse was elected doge in 1252.
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After Geremia's death, his relative Filippo Ghisi (married to Geremia's daughter Isabetta) seized control of Geremia's original fiefs until the Byzantines under Licario reconquered them in 1277 and took Filippo prisoner. Another daughter of Geremia, Marchesina, married the son of Doge Jacopo Tiepolo and future Doge (1268–75), Lorenzo Tiepolo.
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Paolo di Campofregoso (1427 – 22 March 1498) was an Italian Catholic archbishop who was three times doge of Genoa.
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Alessandro Spinola (Genoa, 1589 - Genoa, 1665) was the 112th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Luca Spinola (Genoa, 1628 - Genoa, 1715) was the 129th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Agostino Spinola (Genoa, 1624 - Genoa, 1692) was the 125th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Paolo Battista Giudice Calvi (Genoa, 1490 - Genoa, 27 September 1561) was the 62nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Benedetto Viale (Genoa, 1660 - Genoa, 1749) was the 144th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Antonio Da Passano (Genoa, 1599Genoa, 1681) was the 123rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Pietro De Franchi Sacco (Genoa, 1545 - Genoa, April 5, 1611) was the 84th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Antonio Grimaldi (Genoa, 1640 - Genoa, 1717) was the 137th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Gerolamo Veneroso (Genoa, 1660 - Genoa, 1739) was the 148th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Nicolò Spinola (Genoa, 1677 - Genoa, 1743) was the 155th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Domenico Maria Spinola (Bastia, 1666Bastia, 1743) was the 151st Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Domenico Negrone (Genoa, 1672 - Genoa, 1736) was the 147th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giannettino Odone (Genoa 1626 - Genoa, 1698) was the 124th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Ambrogio Imperiale (Genoa, 1649 - Genoa, 1729) was the 145th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Bendinelli Negrone (Genoa, 1627 - Genoa, 1707) was the 133rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and King of Corsica.
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Lorenzo Centurione (Genoa, 1645 - Genoa, 1735) was the 143rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Cesare Gentile (Genoa, 1614 - Genoa, 1681) was the 119th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Alessandro Grimaldi (Genoa, 1621 - Genoa, 1683) was the 121st Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Federico De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1560 - Genoa, 23 January 1630) was the 96th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Cesare Cattaneo Della Volta (Genoa, 1680 - Genoa, 22 July 1756) was the 159th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Pietro Durazzo (Genoa, 8 August 1560 - Genoa, 18 December 1631) was the 93rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Luca Grimaldi (Genoa, 1675 - Genoa, 1750) was the 149th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Matteo Franzoni (Genoa, 2 October 1682 - Genoa, 11 January 1767) was the 165th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Luca Maria Invrea (Genoa, 1624Genoa, 1693) was the 126th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Dogaressa Morosina Morosini by Tintoretto, 1590s. Dogaressa ( , , ) was the official title of the spouse of the Doge of Venice.
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The Doge of Venice (; ; ; all derived from Latin ', "military leader"), sometimes translated as Duke (compare the Italian '), was the chief magistrate and leader of the Republic of Venice between 726 and 1797. Doges of Venice were elected for life by the city-state's aristocracy. The doge was neither a duke in the modern sense, nor the equivalent of a hereditary duke. The title "doge" was the title of the senior-most elected official of Venice and Genoa; both cities were republics and elected doges.
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The political structure in Venice reacted to the complicated and dangerous situation by establishing a council of wise men (sapientes) to advise the Doge. The initially informal council included representatives of the previously dominant aristocracy as well as bankers and merchants. This gradually formed a new oligarchy that participated in ruling the state and during the ensuing centuries increasingly restricted the rights of the Doge. One of the first joint decisions by the sapientes and the Doge was the decision not to participate in the Second Crusade.
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Caterina Corner (fl. 1367), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Marco Corner (r. 1365-1367). Caterina became the second spouse of Marco Corner. Very little is known of her, but the fact that her low social status at birth made the election of her spouse as doge difficult.
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Antonio Guarco was a statesman who became doge of the Republic of Genoa. Antonio was the son of Nicolò, who had been doge from 1378 to 1383. Like his predecessors, he suffered from the conflicts between the great families of the nobility. Antoniotto Adorno finally managed to force Antonio out of office.
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Jacopo and Lorenzo Tiepolo's ark. Lorenzo Tiepolo (died August 15, 1275) was Doge of Venice from 1268 until his death.
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Cesare De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1666Genoa, 1739) was the 146th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Vincenzo Durazzo (Genoa, 1635Genoa, 29 February 1724) was the 140th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Battista Cambiaso (Genoa, July 19, 1711 - Genoa, December 23, 1772) was the 171st Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Federico De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1642Genoa, 1734) was the 136th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Galbaio was the eighth Doge of Venice (787-804) according to tradition, but only the sixth historically verifiable one.
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Gian Giacomo Veneroso (Genoa, 6 April 1701 - Chiavari, 17 November 1758) was the 163rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Giovanni Battista Lomellini (Genoa, 1594 - Genoa, 1674) was the 108th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Antonio Giustiniani (Madrid, 1676 - Genoa, 1735) was the 142nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Battista Centurione (Genoa, 1603 - Genoa, 1692) was the 114th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Oberto Della Torre (Genoa, 1617 - Genoa, 1698) was the 130th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Pier Francesco Grimaldi (Genoa, 12 August 1715 - Genoa, 4 January 1791) was the 173rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Pietro Durazzo (Genoa, 1632Genoa, 31 July 1699) was the 128th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Battista Negrone (Genoa, 22 April 1714 - Genoa, 26 January 1771) was the 170th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Ferdinando Spinola (Genoa, 1692 - Genoa, 1778) was Marquis of Arquata Scrivia and the 172nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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London : T. W. Laurie His two sons were Doge Pietro IV Candiano (930 - 976) and Domenigo Candiano, Bishop of Torcello.
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Following the death of Doge Alvise Contarini on January 15, 1684, Giustinian was elected as Doge on January 26, 1684. This move surprised some, who believed that Francesco Morosini was elected Doge, but the Council preferred a pliant doge whom they could control, while Morosini was able to lead its military campaigns. This strategy led to Giustinian's reign being a time of military victories for the Republic, which were exciting for Venetians who had spent decades watching their empire decline, suffering military defeats, engaging in prolonged sieges, and generally being forced to agree to onerous terms in peace treaties. In 1686 and 1687, Morosini secured several dramatic victories over the Ottoman Empire, conquering Preveza, Kalamata, Navarino and the island of Santa Maura.
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Until his tenure, the practical power of the Doge had been unlimited; the authority of the tribunes, whose role was to check the Doge's power, had declined; and it had become the practice of the Doge to co- opt his son or brother as his fellow Doge, thus introducing a hereditary tendency to the office. Orso instituted elected judges who would serve as magistrates as well as counsellors to the Doge. Orso also reorganized the ecclesiastical structure of the islands of Venice by securing the creation of five new bishoprics, thus thwarting the domination of the Patriarch of Aquileia and the Patriarch of Grado. Orso, like Tradonico, continued the fight against the Slavic and Saracen pirates, who inhabited the Adriatic.
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The Doge could open his personal correspondence and discuss hearings only in the presence of at least 4 Ducal councilors. The most senior councillor covered the role of Vice-Doge, in the absence of the Doge. The Minor Council, together with the Doge and the three heads of the Criminal Forty (or heads of the Council of the Criminal Forty, who were in charge of voting on many issues and had the possibility to replace an absent ducal counselor), formed the Venetian Signoria (until 1423, Commune Veneciarum), the supreme executive body of the republic, set to preside over the Senate, the Great Council and the Council of Ten. In these meetings, proposals for debate were made in accordance with the Elders.
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Simone Boccanegra (; ; died 1363) was the first Doge of Genoa. He became doge in 1339, but was ousted from power six years later. He regained the position in 1356, retaining it until his death in 1363. His story was popularized by Antonio García Gutiérrez's 1843 play Simón Bocanegra and Giuseppe Verdi's 1857 opera Simon Boccanegra.
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Old Hat (foaled in Kentucky in 1959), was an American Thoroughbred racing mare by Boston Doge out of Fine Feathers (1 win in 39 starts), whose sire was Double Jay. On his topline, Double Jay's grandsire was Black Toney. On his bottomline, it was Whisk Broom. Her sire, Boston Doge, was a multiple stakes winner.
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He was a member of a noble Venetian family, probably from Fano. A member of the minor consiglio (the council of doge's advisers), he was elected Doge in the revolt that overthrew Domenico Selvo in December 1084, probably initiated by Faliero himself, among others. He is the first Doge whose image is known, being allegedly portrayed next to the high altar of St. Mark's Basilica. When he became Doge, Venice was supporting the Byzantine Empire in the war against the Normans under Robert Guiscard (see Siege of Durazzo).
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Desdemona interrupts, telling Lodovico that she hopes he will soon be restored. Otello calls her a demon and almost strikes her violently but is held back by Lodovico. Otello then calls for Cassio. (Lodovico, Otello, Desdemona, Emilia, Iago, chorus: Il Doge ed il Senato salutano l'eroe trionfatore / "The Doge and the Senate greet the triumphant hero".) Cassio enters and Otello reads (mixing in insults to Desdemona) a letter from the Doge, announcing that he (Otello) has been called back to Venice and Cassio is to succeed him as governor of Cyprus.
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Pala d'Oro from a closer view The Pala d’Oro was thought to be first commissioned in 976 by Doge Pietro Orseolo, where it was made up of precious stones and several enamels depicting various saints, and in 1105 it was expanded on by Doge Ordelaffo Falier.Paoletti and Radke 1997, p. 134. In 1345, goldsmith Giovanni Paolo Bonesegna was commissioned to complete the altarpiece by Andrea Dandolo, who was the procurator at the time, and later became doge. Bonesegna added a Gothic-style frame to the piece, along with more precious stones.
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Giovanniccia Candiano, also called Giuliana, was Dogaressa of Venice by her marriage to the Doge Pietro IV Candiano (r. 959-976) and mother of future doge Vitale Candiano. Giovanniccia was not a member of the aristocracy and was previously divorced when Pietro entered into a relationship with her, and when he made her dogaressa after his installation it caused a scandal and a social boycott which damaged the reputation of the doge. Eventually, Pietro was convinced to divorce her and imprison her as a nun in the convent of San Zaccaria.
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Monument to Pesaro in the Frari, conceived and designed by Baldassare Longhena On April 8, 1658, Pesaro was elected as Doge on the first ballot, not least because he was considerably younger than his opponents, and it was hoped that he would have a longer reign than had his predecessors, a wish regrettably unfulfilled. Pesaro was hated by the people of Venice, and fell ill soon after his election as Doge. Pesaro faced a difficult situation on becoming Doge. The war had displaced Venice's commerce, and Venice was heavily overtaxed to pay for the war.
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On April 21, 1607, a deal was reached under which the two priests that Venice had charged as common criminals would be handed over to French custody, and, in exchange, the pope would remove the interdict against Venice. The remainder of Donato's reign as Doge is largely without note. Donato was not at all popular with the Venetian crowd, so, after his first year as Doge, Donato significantly restricted his public appearances as Doge. Many rumours circulated about the reclusive Donato during these years, but none were ever substantiated.
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She was born on 14 October 1755 to Andrea Renier, later Doge and son of Paolo Renier (penultimate doge), and Cecilia Manin, sister of Ludovico, the last doge, in Venice. She learned English, French, Music, Art, Math and Natural History when she was sent to a convent of Capuchin nuns at Treviso at the age of three. She was brought back to Venice at the age of nine and placed in a fashionable boarding school kept by a Frenchwoman. She was considered a bookworm and a woman with an independent mind.
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Zilia Dandolo (died 13 October 1566), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Lorenzo Priuli (ruled 1556-1559).
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Stefano Onorato Ferretti (Genoa, 1640Genoa, 19 August 1720) was the 138th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Domenico Maria De Mari (Genoa, 1653 - Genoa, 1726) was the 139th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo (Genoa, 1480 or 1481 - Genoa, 19 September 1559) was the 60th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Probably appointed perpetual procurator after the favorable vote of the supreme trade unions. The former Doge died in Genoa during 1586.
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Giacomo De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 1590 - Genoa, 1657) was the 109th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Raffaele Agostino De Ferrari (Genoa, 20 July 1732 - Genoa, 17 January 1801) was the 180th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Stefano Durazzo (Genoa, 1668 - Genoa, 24 January 1744) was the 152nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Luca Giustiniani (Genoa, 1586 - Genoa, 24 October 1651) was the 107th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Gia Giovanni Battista Lercari (Genoa, 1576 - Genoa, 1657) was the 106th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Costantino Balbi (Genoa, 12 September 1676 - Genoa, 1741) was the 154th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Cesare Durazzo (Genoa, 1593 - Genoa, 8 December 1680) was the 118th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Elena was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Agnello Participazio (r. 811-827). Her death date is unknown.
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The eldest, Giovanni, served for some time as his father's co-regent, and was elected Doge following his death in 881.
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The Portrait of Doge Leonardo Loredan () is a painting by Italian Renaissance master Giovanni Bellini, dating from . It portrays Leonardo Loredan, Doge of Venice from 1501 to 1521, in his ceremonial garments with the corno worn over a linen cap, and is signed on a cartellino ("small paper"). It is on display in the National Gallery in London.
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As Doge, he sought to reconcile the various factions that divided Venice. Venice's prolonged war with the Ottoman Empire for possession of Crete continued throughout his entire reign. Perhaps because of the heavy workload of being Doge, Contarini fell ill in early 1656, and, after a series of failed medical treatments, died in Venice on 1 May 1656.
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Giovanni II Valente (Genoa, 1280 – Genoa, 1360) was the third doge of the Republic of Genoa. His time in office was marked by the crushing defeat of the city against the Venetians at the naval Battle of Alghero. Giovanni had already asked to succeed the first doge of the Republic in December 1345 but had turn down the responsibility.
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Felice Cornicola (Latin: Felix Cornicula), also Felicius, was a Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae of Venice in 739. Following the murder of the doge Orso Ipato in 737, the Exarch of Ravenna imposed administration by annual magistri militum on Venice who replaced the doge. Cornicola was the second magister militum. Its first incumbent was Domenico Leoni.
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Antonio Priuli Antonio Priuli (10 May 1548 – 12 August 1623) was the 94th Doge of Venice, reigning from 17 May 1618 until his death. Priuli became Doge in the midst of an ongoing Spanish conspiracy orchestrated by the Spanish Ambassador to Venice, Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, a "spy war" that did not end until 1622.
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She was described as the leading female aristocrat and the most respected female noble in Venice, and the election of her spouse to doge is attributed to her. When her spouse was elected doge in 1556, the council decided that Zilia should be crowned. This was somewhat remarkable, as no dogaressa had been crowned since Taddea Michiel in 1478.
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It is thought that this doge was a fictive invention extracted from a source John used to make this claim. Paul's magister militum, Marcellus Tegallianus was given as the second doge and this is thought to be part of the same fictive elaboration. More recent historians think that this Paul was a Lombard duke, probably the duke of Treviso.
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The original "Doge" inner monologue image. Doge ( , ) is an Internet meme that became popular in 2013. The meme typically consists of a picture of a Shiba Inu dog accompanied by multicolored text in Comic Sans font in the foreground. The text, representing a kind of internal monologue, is deliberately written in a form of broken English.
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Giacomo Maria Brignole Sale (1724 – 1801) was the 176th and 184th Doge of the Republic of Genoa, respectively from 1779 to 1781 and from 1795 to 1797. He was the last doge before the suppression of the Genoese state and the only one elected twice, a unique case in the history of that Republic for the biennial election doges.
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The doge voluntarily resigned from office on the morning of 16 June 1625 and already in the evening the Grand Council chose Giacomo Lomellini as his successor. With the arrival of old age and health, the former doge De Franchi attended little the life of the state. De Franchi Toso died on January 23, 1630 in Genoa.
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In the early history of the Republic of Venice, during the tenure of the sixth Doge Domenico Monegario, Venice instituted a dual Tribunal modeled on the above Roman institution - two new Tribunes being elected each year, with the intention to oversee the Doge and prevent abuse of power (though this aim was not always successfully achieved).
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In fact, the fleet was now itself in danger. The remainder of the depressed Venetians ordered their Doge to take them home.
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Valdrada (Gualdrada) of Tuscany (died 997), was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Pietro IV Candiano (r. 959-976).
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This ceremony is recreated annually with the Mayor of Venice taking on the traditional role which was historically executed by the Doge.
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Giovanni Battista Durazzo (Genoa, 1565 - Genoa, 28 May 1642) was the 104th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Francesco Brignole (Genoa, 1582 - Genoa, 1637) was the 102nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and the first king of Corsica.
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Battista Fregoso (Genoa, 1380Genoa, June 20, 1442) was the 27th Doge of the Republic of Genoa. His leadership lasted only one day.
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Antoniotto Invrea (Genoa, 1588 - Genoa, 1669) was the 116th Doge of the Republic of Genoa, king of Corsica and marquis of Pontinvrea.
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Giorgio Centurione (Genoa, 23 April 1553 - Genoa, 11 January 1629), a Genoese patrician and the 95th Doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Domenico Canevaro (Genoa, 5 August 1683Genoa, 15 February 1745) was the 156th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Gian Bernardo Frugoni (Genoa, 1591 - Genoa, March 22, 1661) was the 115th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Stefano De Mari (Genoa, 1593 - Genoa, February 25, 1674) was the 117th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Lorenzo De Mari (Genoa, 1685 - Genoa, April 16, 1772) was the 157th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Coat-of-arms of Ordelafo Faliero. Ordelafo Faliero de Doni (or Dodoni) (died 1117, in Zara) was the 34th Doge of Venice.
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Isnardo Guarco (Genoa, 1380 – Genoa, 1458) was an Italian politician, mercenary leader, plutocrat, and served as Doge of Genoa for one week.
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Marino Faliero, Doge of Venice is a blank verse tragedy in five acts by Lord Byron, published and first performed in 1821.
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Yet, throughout the seventeenth century, Venetian electors repeatedly preferred to elect old men as Doge so that the Doge did not grow too powerful: it was feared that a younger, more martial Doge would be likely to expand his power base and move the Most Serene Republic in a more monarchical direction. Although he was surprised by his election, Contarini was happy to accept the post. He was popular with the people, who felt that he had never been overbearing during his public career. In spite of his advanced age, Contarini's reign as Doge lasted for sixteen years, and during that time he was able to bring a measure of political stability to Venice after a period which had seen multiple Doges in a short period of time.
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Coat of arms of Tommaso Mocenigo San Giovanni e Paolo Tommaso Mocenigo (1343–1423) was doge of Venice from 1414 until his death.
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Elisabetta Grimani (d. Treviso, 31 August 1792), was the last Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Ludovico Manin (r. 1789-1797).
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Her daughter Marina became the Dogaressa of the Doge Tribuno Memmo, but he was deposed in 990, after which Marina became a nun.
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Marco Ruzzini was famous for defeating the Genoese in Negroponte in 1358. Carlo Ruzzini became Doge in 1732.Canal Grande of Venice website.
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It is not clear whether this was a victory for Dandalo, but certainly he had alienated the doge as well as the bishop.
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Coat of arms of Antonio Grimani. Antonio Grimani (28 December 1434 – 7 May 1523) was the Doge of Venice from 1521 to 1523.
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Francesco Maria Imperiale (Sampierdarena, 21 August 1653Sampierdarena, 4 August 1736) was the 141st Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Agostino Centurione (Genoa, 25 November 1584 - Genoa, 7 December 1657) was the 110th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Girolamo De Mari (Genoa, December 1644 - Genoa, May 3, 1702) was the 135th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanni Agostino De Marini (Genoa, 1572 - Genoa, June 19, 1642) was the 105th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Gerolamo De Franchi Toso (Genoa, 6 January 1585 - Genoa, 1668) was the 111th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Consequently, on 1 November 1267, Doge Reniero Zeno sent two plenipotentiary ambassadors, Marco Bembo and Pietro Zeno, to negotiate a treaty with Palaiologos.
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Cristoforo Moro's coat of arms Cristoforo Moro (1390 – November 10, 1471) was the 67th Doge of Venice. He reigned from 1462 to 1471.
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The defeat triggered a series of rebellions among the noble families of the countryside. The doge managed to squash them but the mounting cost of the war was starting to create unrest within the city itself. Meanwhile, changes imposed upon the judicial administration and the augmentation of the number of body guards were feeding fears that the doge was aiming at creating an autocratic power base for himself. Confronted with mounting criticism, the doge was forced to expel his noble allies from government, decrease taxes and call back his exiled political enemies, the Fregoso and the Adorno.
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A scene from Il Ballo del Doge Il Ballo del Doge ("The Doge’s Ball") is a Venetian masquerade ball, one of the many events held annually during the Carnival of Venice. The ball itself is held in the 15th-century Venetian palace of Palazzo Pisani Moretta, situated on the Grand Canal in Venice. The ball's name derives from the title of the elected heads (Doge, "Duke" in English) who ruled Venice up until the fall of the Venetian republic in the 18th century. Every year the ball is attended by around four hundred guests dressed in period costume and masked.
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After a period in which Genoa was under the Visconti of Milan, Tomaso returned as doge from 3 April 1436 to 24 March 1437, when he resigned (or was deposed) in favour of his brother Battista I di Campofregoso. However, the latter resigned after just a day, and Tomas became doge for the third time, remaining in charge until 18 December 1442. He was also lord of Savona from 1438 to 1440, and again from 1447, when he was released from imprisonment thanks to the intercession of his nephew and doge Giano I di Campofregoso, until February 1453, when he died.
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Before his election as doge, Dandolo occupied various public positions including Podestà of Bologna and Padua, and commander of the Venetian naval units. He was also a commercial representative of Ragusa in 1237 when he signed a trade agreement with Stefan Vladislav. The news of his election to doge reached him while he was fighting in a military action against Istria and Trieste, which expanded into an open war in the following year, also involving Venice's perennial enemy, the Patriarchate of Aquileia and the Papal States. More armed clashes followed, and continued for the duration of Dandolo's reign as doge.
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On August 14, 1641 De Marini was elected Doge of Genoa, the sixtieth in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Elected probably thanks to the votes of the "new" nobility, which required greater relevance in the European political landscape and a rearmament policy to guarantee the protection of the rivers. He allocated the funds for the construction of twenty galleys and, following the example of the former doge Giacomo Lomellini and Anton Giulio Brignole Sale, he armed one with his money.
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The official income of the doge was never large, and from early times holders of the office remained engaged in trading ventures. These ventures kept them in touch with the requirements of the grandi. From 7 July 1268, during a vacancy in the office of doge, the state was headed ex officio, with the style vicedoge, by the senior consigliere ducale (ducal counsellor).
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Anna was born in Venice, Republic of Venice, on an unknown date, the daughter of Rainero Dandolo, Vice-Doge of Venice, and Procurator of San Marco. Her paternal grandfather was Enrico Dandolo, Doge of Venice, who had earlier made incursions into Zadar (1202) and Constantinople (1204). In 1209, her father was killed in battle against the Genoese during the conquest of Candia.
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Battista Fregoso took over the Doge's palace easily and in the same way he made himself a new doge of Genoa, all behind the "deposed" brother-doge. The dogate of Battista Fregoso, the twenty-seventh in Republican history, was very short, essentially a day, since on the same day it was in turn deposed by his brother Tomaso, who returned to the palace.
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Caffè del Doge was founded the early 1950s by Ermenegildo Rizzardini. The first roasting facility was located near the Rialto Bridge. Since 1995, it has been operated by partners Bernardo Della Mea Francesco and Palombarini. In 1997, Caffè del Doge became a member of the Specialty Coffee Association of America and began exporting its beans to foreign markets in 1999.
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The Doge's apartments :[1881 revised version: There are some small adjustments in this act which include expanding Paolo's opening aria, thus giving him greater stature in the work: Me stesso ho maledetto! / "I have cursed myself", the wording of which was originally: O doge ingrato ... ch'io rinunci Amelia e i suoi tesori? / "O ungrateful Doge! ... Must I give up Amelia and her charms".
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He was the fourth son of the 21st doge, Pietro III Candiano, and Arcielda Candiano (sometimes given as Richielda). His brother the 22nd Doge Pietro IV and his young heir Pietro V had been killed in the revolution. He was elected by the popular assembly in September 978. This after having to flee to Saxony because of the revolt against his father.
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John Fabriacus (Giovanni Fabriciaco in Italian) was a Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae in charge of the duchy of Venice in 742. Following the murder of the doge Orso Ipato in 737, the Exarch of Ravenna imposed administration by annual magistri militum on Venice who replaced the doge. John was the fifth and last of these officials. John's rule was particularly harsh.
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Doge Tommaso Mocenigo, of 1423. The Baptistry already contained three sarcophagi: those of Bishop Ranieri (d. 1113) and two reused Roman sarcophagi.Lightbown, 1980, p.
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Oberto Cattaneo Lazzari (Genoa, 1473Genoa, 10 December 1533) was the 46th Doge of the Republic of Genoa, the first with a two-year mandate.
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Francesco Maria Balbi (Genoa, 11 January 1671 - Genoa, 16 January 1747) was the 150th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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The Arteans sent a committee to Venice and reported everything to the Doge. Ultimately, Limberakis moved to Italy where he died fourteen years later.
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In 1763, the Solemn Entry was revived by the wish of the Doge for Pisana Conaro, who was the last dogaressa to perform it.
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Boccanegra tells Amelia that Fiesco is her grandfather and, before he dies, names Adorno his successor. The crowd mourns the death of the Doge.
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In a Republic of Genoa almost canceled by the Napoleonic events, the figure of the ex doge Brignole was chosen as the representative of a provisional government of the newly constituted Ligurian Republic, whose power was concentrated in the role of the doge and twelve senators, as well as various representatives pro-French and pro-Bonapartist nobility. A title that of doge which was however abolished on June 17 of the same year - after the observations made by the lawyer Gaetano Marré of Borzonasca to the Municipality and to the doge himself - and replaced with the correct and revised role for Brignole as "president of provisional government "of the Ligurian Republic. He still maintained this role of representative of a " puppet and pro-Napoleonic state", with increasing embarrassment and absenting himself whenever possible, until January 17, 1798 when a Directory took over.
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Grandson of the Doge Stefano De Mari, and member of the noble De Mari family, he was born in Genoa during the year of 1685. Lorenzo De Mari was officially crowned Doge of the Republic on July 18 in the Cathedral of Genoa, the religious and civil ceremony was officiated by Gerolamo Della Torre, his personal friend and celebrant by express will of the neo doge. When the dogal office ceased on 1 February 1746, the "deeply religious" De Mari was identified by the government as the implementer of a special and extraordinary 25% taxation plan on the Church's assets to compensate for war expenses and possibly "vigorously in perpetuity ". And it was also the former doge who promoted in the ecclesiastical circles donations and voluntary contributions of religious orders to the war cause of the Republic.
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Loicia da Prata was described as beautiful, virtuous and generous. She was reportedly a popular dogaressa, known for her charitable projects. Upon the will of the government doge Reniero Zeno introduced the "Promissione" to curb any potential influence of the dogaressa upon the affairs of state. In accordance with its terms, dogaressa Loicia da Prata was made to swear not to receive food stuffs, cattle and horses, poultry and game or other gifts, except upon due payment, nor to make donations herself to any official dependant or anyone of whom she had bestowed her patronage; she was also prohibited from promising offices to supplicants or to write recommendations for supplicants to the Doge or to the council, prohibitions which was also to apply to sons, daughters, daughters-in-law or any other relative to the doge residing in the Doge Palace.
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Although both her and Michele Steno, a Doge of Venice, swore on the Gospel to respect the peace agreement, there was no peace in reality.
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Il Ballo del Doge is covered by the international press: TV programmes, newspapers and magazines from all over the world follow the event every year.
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John the Deacon ( or Giovanni da Venezia; 940–45 – died after 1018) was a Venetian deacon, secretary to the doge of Venice and a chronicler.
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Nicolò Cattaneo Della Volta (Genoa, 18 July 1679 - Genoa, 5 July 1751) was the 153rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Francesco Maria Imperiale Lercari (Sampierdarena, 4 June 1629 - Genoa, 25 May 1712) was the 127th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Niccolò Trons coat of arms Nicolò Tron (born c. 1399 – died 1473 in Venice) was the 68th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1471 to 1473.
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Orso II Participazio (died 932) was the eighteenth doge of the Republic of Venice, by tradition (historically, he was the sixteenth), from 912 to 932.
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Fregoso refused to fight and begin a civil war, leading to the rebels entering the city unopposed and, on April 6, Adorno was reelected doge.
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Doge Adorno also strove to maintain the peace in Genoa and in the colonies. He broke an agreement between the embittered maona of Cyprus and the king of the island. However, despite his best effort, the Genoese political life remained highly volatile. On August 3, 1390, he was forced out of office by the armed partisans of Giacomo Fregoso, son of the former doge Domenico di Campofregoso.
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In 1772, Gratarolo defeated Caterina's candidate. In 1775, a theatrical play, supposedly commissioned by Caterina, exposed Gratarolo's intrigues and affairs. In the same year of her husband's candidacy for Doge, Gratarolo answered the insult with another play, which caricatured Dolfin and her social circle, exposing her love affairs and staining her name and reputation publicly. The play destroyed Andrea Tron's chances to become Doge.
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At the latter's death, on 16 December, Lodovico was elected as doge. During his first rule, he ended the conflict with the Marquisate of Finale. In September 1450, he abdicated in favor of his cousin Pietro di Campofregoso, and moved to the fortress of Sarzanello near Sarzana. In July 1461, he succeeded his cousin Spinetta di Campofregoso as doge, and received the fortress of Castelletto.
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Veneroso was elected doge on January 18, 1726, the one hundred and third in biennial succession and one hundred and forty-eighth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Among the significant events of his mandate, his commitment against the smuggling that raged in western Liguria is attested. The dogato ended on January 18, 1728.
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Spinola was appointed doge of Genoa in the election of 16 February 1740, the one hundred and tenth in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifty-fifth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. When the dogal office ceased on 16 February 1742, Nicolò Spinola retired to private life, and died during 1743.
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In January 2014, Sydney-based web developers Katia Eirin and Bennett Wong created Doge Weather. It was inspired by the similar website Drake Weather which features the profile of Canadian rapper Drake superimposed on the album cover art Nothing Was the Same. Its creators request Dogecoins to maintain the website. In April 2014, Doge Weather became available as a mobile app for iOS 7 costing 99¢.
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Frugoni was born in Genoa around 1591, his family was originally from Chiavari. He was elected Doge of Genoa in 1660, the seventieth in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifteenth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. His Dogate was short as he suddenly died in Genoa on March 22, 1661.
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On September 26, 1715, the Grand Council elected him new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the ninety- eighth in biennial succession and the one hundred and forty-third in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Once the mandate ended on September 26, 1717, Lorenzo Centurione held other public offices. He died in Genoa around 1735.
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His election as doge on November 27, 1591, according to the Genoese annals, was not somewhat shared among the representatives of the Grand Council so much so that the new doge Giovanni Agostino Giustiniani Campi was elected with a low number of votes in his favor. After the end oh his mandate, Giustiniani Campi still held various state positions until his death in Genoa in 1613.
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Massimo returns to Venice after years of fighting against the Turks. He finds his beloved Elena, who in the meantime has married the doge who is tyrannizing the city. Despite the disappointment, he becomes interested in the beautiful Katarina. He decides to lead the group of rebels after a close friend of his is killed under torture for having hatched a plot to eliminate the doge.
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Tron reformed the monetary system of Venice. He introduced a new coin, called the Lira, which on the reverse side depicted the profile of the doge like the ancient coins used to; and thus went against the Venetian practice of rejecting any association of a personality cult with the Republic of Venice. After his death the coin was changed to feature a kneeling, unidentifiable Doge.
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He was the son of Encagilio. Already a tribune during the dogeship of Giovanni Galbaio, he and other Venetian pro-Frankish leaders fled to Treviso. There they elected Obelerio their leader and he led them back to Venice, whence the Galbaii fled, and was elected doge at Malamocco. Obelerio immediately copied his predecessors and appointed as associate doge one of his relatives, his brother Beato.
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1145 For the next 300 years and by the year 700, the entire Iberian Peninsula was ruled by the Visigoths. Under the Visigoths, Gallaecia was a well-defined space governed by a doge of its own. Doges at this time were related to the monarchy acted as princes in all matters. Both 'governors' Wamba and Wittiza (Vitiza) acted as doge (they would later become kings in Toledo).
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These events triggered an economical crisis in Venice, which ended only after the War of Chioggia, in 1382. Tome of the Doge in Venice Doge Giovanni Dolfin died in 1361 and was buried in the Basilica di San Giovanni e Paolo, a traditional burial place of the doges. His funerary monument is still visible today, showing the coat of arms of the noble Dolfin family.
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It took its later and more magnificent form after the visit to Venice in 1177 of Pope Alexander III and the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I. On state occasions the Doge was surrounded by an increasing amount of ceremony, and in international relations he had the status of a sovereign prince. The doge took part in ducal processions, which started in the Piazza San Marco. The doge would appear in the center of the procession, preceded by civil servants ranked in ascending order of prestige and followed by noble magistrates ranked in descending order of status. Francesco Sansovino described such a procession in minute detail in 1581.
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However, Fedele's early biographers believed that the doge Agostino Barbarigo would not allow Fedele to leave Italy, although there is no evidence of such a decree.
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Alvise III Sebastiano Mocenigo (1662–1732) was the 112th Doge of Venice from 1722 to 1732. He was also Provveditore Generale (Governor) of Venetian Dalmatia twice.
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Doge Michiel's efforts, however, were fruitless, and in May 1172, he returned to Venice with what was left of the fleet. The Venetians were decisively defeated.
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Giovanni Battista Cattaneo Della Volta (Genoa, 23 June 1638 - Genoa, 24 December 1721) was the 131st Doge of the Republic of Genoa and king of Corsica.
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Giovanna Margherita Dalmet, also called Delmaz and Dalmaz (1739 – 11 January 1817), was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Paolo Renier (r. 1779–1789).
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Andrea Dandolo's coat of arms. Andrea Dandolo (13067 September 1354) was elected the 54th doge of Venice in 1343, replacing Bartolomeo Gradenigo who died in late 1342.
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He painted the portraits of a number of operatic singers including Farinelli. Farinelli portrait He died in Milan, returning from Genoa, where he had painted the Doge.
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Agostino Saluzzo (Naples, 1631 - Corigliano Calabro, 1700) was the 122nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa, king of Corsica, prince of Lequile and duke of Corigliano Calabro.
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He also produced twenty vedute of Venice (1763) and twelve large plates of Ceremonies of the Election of Doge and his Marriage with Adriatic –all after Canaletto.
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Giovanni Gradenigo (died 8 August 1356) was the fifty-sixth Doge of Venice, appointed on 21 April 1355. During his reign, Venice signed a peace with Genoa.
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This formal portrait depicts Leonardo Loredan in his official state robes as Doge of Venice, with its ornate buttons. The distinctively shaped hat is derived from the hood of a doublet. As with other traditional portraits of the Doge, the composition resembles a Roman sculpted portrait bust. The painting is signed – the Latin form of Giovanni Bellini – on a cartellino attached to a parapet at the base of the composition.
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As was customary, he participated in the large Venetian festivals. The Thirty Years' War, which had spilled into the Valtellina in February 1623, went well for Venice, although Contarini did not himself participate in fighting. Contarini was only 67 when elected as Doge, a relatively young age for a position frequently inhabited by octogenarians. Nevertheless, he became ill 12 months after he became Doge and died six weeks after that.
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Scarlett fights both men and manages to kill the Doge but not before he finished transcribing the book. Scarlett and Victor fight for it and Victor merges with the spirit of the Doge in the Twilight World. After defeating the merged being, Scarlett fights and defeats Victor in his mortal form. After his defeat, Death will appear and offer Scarlett to kill Victor herself or to let Death take him.
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Marina Nani (circa 1400–1473) was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Francesco Foscari (r. 1423–1457). She was the daughter of Bartolommeo Nani and married Francesco Foscari in 1415. Her spouse was elected Doge in 1423. She would have been born in about 1400 and was one of the youngest dogaressas ever, as well as one of the few to give birth in office.
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Gold coin of Bartolomeo Gradenigo: the Doge kneeling in front of Saint Marc. Bartolomeo Gradenigo (1263 – December 28, 1342) was the 53rd Doge of Venice from November 7, 1339 until his death. Born in Venice to an ancient noble family, he was a rich tradesman. Gradenigo devoted to politics very early in his life, acting as podestà of Ragusa and Capodistria, as well as procuratore in the capital.
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Pietro had become doge for the first time in 1450, succeeding his cousin Lodovico, who had resigned for unknown reasons. His rule ended in 1458 when the city surrendered itself to King Charles VII of France. Further strife with his cousin caused Lodovico to cede the title of doge to Paolo on 14 May 1462. His rule ended after just fifteen days, as he was replaced by five captains.
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As doge he also signed the arrest warrant for Giovanni Battista De Fornari, former doge, and his relatives, following the accusations that saw the latter as a traitor to the Republic. In his mandate, in accordance with Pope Julius III, the institution of the Magistrate of the Nuns was obtained. He died in Genoa on 4 July 1552 and found a burial in the church of San Francesco di Castelletto.
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In 1566 he was injured surviving an assassination attempt, commissioned by Giovanni Stefano Lercari, son of the future doge Giovanni Battista Lercari, that by mistake or exchange of person killed the ex doge Agostino Pinelli Ardimenti. Upon his death in Genoa in 1579, by his express desire he was buried in the sepulcher of the Spinola family at the Benedictine church of Santa Caterina, in the altar dedicated to San Benedetto.
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On 16 July 1677 Odone was elected doge of Genoa, the seventy-ninth in two-year succession and the one hundred and twenty-fourth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Once the Dogate ended from July 16, 1679, he still continued to serve the republic in offices and magistrates until 1694. Giannettino Odone died in Genoa during 1698.
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On February 7, 1738, he was elected by the Grand Council as the new doge of the Republic: the one hundred and eighth in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifty- fourth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Ceased the dogal office on February 7, 1740 and retired to private life, he died in Genoa in 1741.
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Charles sent Berengar against Guy III. Berengar was initially successful until an epidemic of disease, which ravaged all Italy, affecting the emperor and his entourage as well as Berengar's army, forced him to retreat. In 883, Charles signed a treaty with Giovanni II Participazio, Doge of Venice, granting that any assassin of a doge who fled to the territory of the Empire would be fined 100 lbs of gold and banished.
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The public authority was held by a functionary nominated by the Doge, the Ducal Vicarial, who had the duty to pledge the oath of allegiance to the Republic and to reside in San Donà. The first Vicarial, Antonio Lupo, was installed in 1476 by the Doge Pietro Mocenigo. During the same year, the construction of a new church started, it was dedicated to Blessed Virgin Mary and consecrated in July 1480.
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Great changes to the area came when Sebastiano Ziani was Doge (1172–78). Venice was growing in importance and the Doge was a very wealthy man. He initiated the changes which created the piazza as we know it. The Rio Baratario was filled in and the church of San Geminiano on the far side was demolished and rebuilt much farther back at the western end of what became the Piazza.
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Coat of arms of the Valier family Silvestro Valier or Valiero (Venice, 28 March 1630 – Venice, 7 July 1700) was the 109th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 25 February 1694 until his death six years later. The Morean War between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire, which had been ongoing since 1684, came to an end during Valier's reign as Doge, in January 1699.
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Versailles The Doge of Genoa at Versailles on the 15 May 1685 Reparation faite à Louis XIV par le Doge de Gênes by Claude Guy Halle, Palace of Versailles. Claude-Guy Hallé (17 January 1652, Paris - 5 November 1736, Paris) was a French painter. He was the son of the painter Daniel Hallé. Claude Guy Hallé won the prix de Rome in 1675 for The Transgression of Adam and Eve.
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There was originally a statue of the Doge Agostino Barbarigo (Doge 1486–1501) kneeling before the lion, but in 1797, after the city had surrendered to Napoleon, it was removed by the French, who were purging the city of all symbols of the old regime.Lorenzetti p.142. See also Norwich p.633 Below again, is a semi-circular gallery with statues of the Virgin and Child seated, in gilt beaten copper.
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By this time Giovanni had been advanced to the rank of co-doge of Venice. In 1006 Giovanni, along with his wife and son Basilio, died of plague.
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He was married to Cornella Bembo. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges. London : T. W. Laurie His son Ordelafo became a subsequent Doge.
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Alvise II Mocenigo (Luigi Mocenigo) (3 January 1628, in Venice – 6 May 1709, in Venice) was the 110th doge of Venice from 17 July 1700 until his death.
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Domenico II Contarini (Venice, January 28, 1585 – Venice, January 26, 1675) was the 104th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on October 16, 1659 until his death.
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Arcielda Candiano (fl. 927 - 959) was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Pietro III Candiano (r. 942 - 959). Her name is sometimes given as Richielda.
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His body was buried inside the church of Santa Maria di Castello. Married to Settimia Invrea, daughter of the future doge Silvestro Invrea, he had a daughter, Caterina.
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Giovanni Francesco II Brignole Sale (Genoa, 6 July 1695 - Genoa, 14 February 1760), was the 158th Doge of the Republic of Genoa and the last king of Corsica.
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Coat of arms of Marino Morosini Marino Morosini (1181 in Venice – January 1, 1253 in Venice) was the 44th doge of Venice. He governed from 1249 to 1253.
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Lomellini was known as a doge "out of obligation", since he never wanted to be the doge of the Republic. Just three months after his appointment he reformulated the same request for exemption, that he had already done when he was elected, but this time citing health problems and, having obtained a favorable response, and after payment for the exemption of 30,000 Genoese pounds, he was able to freely abdicate on 7 June 1752, an episode that has not happened since 1625 when doge Federico De Franchi Toso, following the outbreak of hostilities with the Piedmontese, preferred to resign to anticipate the customs elections. Consequently, he left political life to embrace religious life by becoming a priest. A very short, and above all never accepted, dogate, that of Doge Lomellini that fate would in any case have brought down early, a few months after his abdication, the nobleman died in Genoa in the early months of 1753.
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This painting and another in the series represent the Festa della Sensa, the most sumptuous of all Venetian festivals. It took place each year on Ascension Day, the anniversary of the setting out of Doge Pietro II Orseolo's expedition which achieved the conquest of Dalmatia in c. 1000. It was also a celebration of the Treaty of Venice of 1177 between the Doge Sebastiano Ziani, Pope Alexander III and the Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. In a magnificent state barge known as the Bucentaur (in Italian, Bucintoro), the Doge visited the Lido and celebrated the Marriage of the Sea ceremony of Venice with the Adriatic Sea, by casting a ring into the waters.
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In late December 2013, members of the U.S. Congress produced material in the meme's style. The Huffington Post commented that Doge was "killed" because of the Congress members' usage of the meme. Google created a Doge Easter egg: when doge meme was entered into the YouTube search bar, all the site's text would be displayed in colorful Comic Sans, similar to the kind used by the meme. In December 2013, the Dogecoin was introduced as a new cryptocurrency, making it the first cryptocurrency to be based on an Internet meme; the viral phenomenon, along with usage of the Comic Sans MS typeface, gave it "the Internet density of a large star" according to Medium writer Quinn Norton.
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Negrone's election as doge of the Republic of Genoa took place on 13 October 1723, the one hundred and second in two-year succession and the one hundred and forty-seventh in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. In his mandate the doge Negrone decreed a 10% increase in taxes on goods coming from the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, a measure already implemented during the slate of the predecessor Cesare De Franchi Toso which already caused a collapse of commercial traffic and which, in a tight turn, was consequently canceled. He ended the Dogate on October 13, 1725, but continued to serve the republic in other public jobs.
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The area which now houses the palazzo was originally occupied by the main residence of the Osso duro- which is to say the Dorsoduro branch of the Barbarigo family, whose main property is first mentioned as lining the canal of San Trovaso in a property title deed dating from 1374.Tocchini, G. Minacciare con le imagini, Roma, 2010, p.4 This branch was also known as the "Barbarigo de San Trovaso" branch. The Dorsoduro branch of the Barbarigo family went on to achieve particular prominence in the fifteenth century, its most eminent representative, Francesco "il Ricco", fathering Doge Marco Barbarigo (1413-1486) and Doge Agostino Barbarigo (1419-1501) as well as Dogaressa Elena Barbarigo, wife of Doge Niccolò Marcello.
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The Palace of the Doges; view from Piazza Matteotti. The first Doge of Genoa, Simone Boccanegra (Ligurian: Scimón Boccanéigra), whose name is kept alive by Verdi's opera, was appointed by public acclaim in 1339. Initially the Doge of Genoa was elected without restriction and by popular suffrage, holding office for life in the so-called "perpetual dogate"; but after the reform effected by Andrea Doria in 1528 the term of his office was reduced to two years. At the same time plebeians were declared ineligible, and the appointment of the doge was entrusted to the members of the great council, the Gran Consiglio, who employed for this purpose a complex political system.
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But the leaders of the popolani party were wary of the ambitious young Adorno and, a few hours later, the elected Nicolò Guarco the new doge of the Republic.
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Queller & Madden, p. 57 In May 1192, having taken ill, he abdicated as Doge and retired to the monastery of San Croce. He died there on 13 June 1192.
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Doge Francesco Contarini died on 6 December 1624. Following a long conclave held on 4 January 1625, the Dogal voters converged on Giovanni Cornaro as their preferred candidate. Cornaro's children were strongly opposed to Cornaro's selection as Doge because of Venice's prohibition on the children of Doges being appointed to high office in government or in the Church. Painting by Filippo Zaniberti showing Cornaro giving a state banquet at the Doge's Palace.
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Coat of arms of the House of Pisani Alvise Pisani (1 January 1664 in Venice - 17 June 1741 in Venice) was the 114th Doge of Venice, serving from 17 January 1735 until his death. Prior to his election, he was a career diplomat, serving as Venice's ambassador to France, Austria, and Spain; he also served as a councilor to previous Doges. He was succeeded as Doge by Pietro Grimani. His dogaressa was Elena Badoero.
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Domenico became vicar of the people and from this vantage position he tried to expel doge Adorno with the spontaneous support of the Genoese populace. The inhabitants of the city were called into the church of Santa Maria delle Vigne and the two vicars stirred the crowd against the recent tax increase decided by the doge. The popular assembly deposed Adorno and Domineco di Campofregoso was acclaimed as the new head of state.
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He was the elder brother of the preceding doge, Lorenzo Priuli. Girolamo's face is familiar from Tintoretto's portrait. Girolamo was the son of Alvise Peruli and his wife Chiara Lion. As a man of culture he seemed insignificant in relation to his brother; ineloquent, he was at first scarcely popular but gained respect through the works embellishing the city that he achieved as doge, in a period, above all, of peace for the Repubblica Serenissima.
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Pietro II Orseolo was married to Maria Candiano, the daughter of Vitale Candiano and niece of Doge Pietro IV Candiano. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges. London : T. W. Laurie Ottone Orseolo succeeded his father, Pietro II, as the doge of Venice until 1026, while his grandson Peter reigned as King of Hungary. His younger son Domenico Orseolo's children settled in Ravenna and became the stem of the Orsini family.
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Pietro Ziani (died in Venice, 13 March 1230) was the 42nd Doge of Venice from 15 August 1205 to 1229, succeeding Enrico Dandolo. He was the son of Doge Sebastian Ziani of the very rich noble family. He was married to Maria Baseggio and Constance of Sicily. In his youth a sailor, he commanded a flotilla escorting the emperor Frederick Barbarossa in 1177, took also part in the Fourth Crusade and sacking of Constantinople.
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Member of the noble Giustiniani family, he was born in Madrid around 1676. The elections of September 22, 1713 elected him new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the ninety- seventh in biennial succession and the one hundred and forty-second in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Giustiniani ended his term on September 22, 1715 and died in Genoa in 1735.
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Gian Francesco was the eldest son of Anton Giulio II Brignole Sale, 5th Marquess of Groppoli, and Isabella Brignole. He belonged to the illustrious Brignole family who had already offered a doge to Genoa, his namesake Giovanni Francesco I Brignole Sale, in 1635. Brignole Sale had three brothers, Gian Giacomo, Giuseppe and Rodolfo Emilio, the last of whom also served as doge. He completed his education at the Collegio Tolomei, in Siena.
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On 1 June 1192, after Orio Mastropietro abdicated the throne, Dandolo became the forty-first Doge of Venice. He was the second doge to be chosen by a council of forty electors. Already aged and blind, but deeply ambitious, he displayed tremendous energy and mental capacity. His remarkable deeds over the next eleven years have led some to hypothesize that he actually may have been in his mid seventies when he became Venice's leader.
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Just like the Doge, the dogaressa was crowned, made a Solemn Entry, and gave a vow of loyalty (promissione ducale) to the republic upon her coronation. The symbols of her rank were a golden veil and a crown in a similar shape as that of the doge. Similar to a queen, the dogaressa was provided with a household of ladies-in- waiting. The coronation of the dogaressa was abolished during certain periods, as specified below.
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In 1390, a long-lasting political crisis came to an acme and the doge Adorno had to escape Genoa and seek refuge in Savona. The population in arms gathered and chose Giacomo as the new doge on August 3. Giacomo seem to have enjoyed a reputation as a good manager due to his commercial successes, which may explain his nomination. In 1391, Antoniotto Adorno gathered an army of 800 men to reconquer his lost position.
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Lorenzo Celsi (born Venice, c. 1310 – died there 18 July 1365) was a Venetian statesman who served as the 58th Doge of Venice, from 16 July 1361 until his death.
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However, some Artans escaped and complained to the Doge, who had Gerakaris arrested and imprisoned at Brescia until his death in 1710.Greenhalgh and Eliopoulos, p. 29.Kassis, p. 33.
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On the altar of the right, is a canvas depicting theMadonna del Carmine appears before Saints, Kings, Doge and Souls in Purgatory (circa 1614) by Andrea Vicentino.Comune Lendinara, Religious itinerary.
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Portrait of Francesco Venier by Titian. Coat of arms of Francesco Venier Francesco Venier's monument in San Salvador (Venice) Francesco Venier was the Doge of Venice from 1554 to 1556.
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The dogate ceased on 11 July, the former doge Giovanni Francesco Brignole Sale died in Genoa in 1637. His body was buried inside the church of Santa Maria di Castello.
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The splendid legacy of the last doge, Ludovico Manin, was applied to the support of about 160 children by the Congregazione di Carità acting through thirty parish boards (deputazione fraternate).
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Vitale Candiano (died 979)Dandolo, Andrea, et al. 1938. Chronica per extensum descripta (= Rerum italicarum scriptores 12.1). Bologna: Zanichelli, p. 500. was the 24th doge of the Republic of Venice.
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Lord Byron uses the idea of the fallen woman to relate vice and virtue and consider the effects of infidelity and inconsistency in his poem Mariano Faliero, Doge of Venice.
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Antoniotto II Adorno (c. 1479 - 12 September 1528) was Doge of the Republic of Genoa from 1522 to 1527. Adorno was the last of the Genoese doges elected for life.
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Fandorin uncovers that many of the suicides are murders, all committed by the Doge: in the process of his investigation Columbine also falls in love with Fandorin and becomes his mistress.
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The Order become extinguished on May 12, 1797, when the Doge and the magistrates renounced the insignia of command and the Major Council abdicated and declared the Republic of Venice lapsed.
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Opinion within the Venetian camp had also begun to sway against the Doge, who had, in their first encounter with Byzantine forces, peacefully withdrew without dealing any real damage to the enemy in favor of a diplomatic solution and, now, after months of waiting, had allowed for a terrible plague to set in while waiting for yet another possible diplomatic solution. In March, the fleet moved to the island of Panagia, but the plague followed. Later that month the Venetian delegation returned from Constantinople with bad news: they had once again been denied an audience with Manuel, however, that had been promised that if the Doge sent a third embassy, they would be received. At this point, the Doge was in a bad situation.
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In the early years of the republic, the Doge of Venice ruled Venice in an autocratic fashion, but later his powers were limited by the promissione ducale, a pledge he had to take when elected. As a result, powers were shared with the Maggior Consiglio or Great Council, composed of 480 members taken from patrician families, so that in the words of Marin Sanudo, "[The Doge] could do nothing without the Great Council and the Great Council could do nothing without him". Venice followed a mixed government model, combining monarchy in the doge, aristocracy in the senate, republic of Rialto families in the major council, and a democracy in the concio.The Political Ideas of St. Thomas Aquinas, Dino Bigongiari ed.
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In 1223, these institutions were combined into the Signoria, which consisted of the doge, the Minor Council, and the three leaders of the Quarantia. The Signoria was the central body of government, representing the continuity of the republic as shown in the expression: "si è morto il Doge, no la Signoria" ("If the Doge is dead, the Signoria is not"). During the late 14th and early 15th centuries, the Signoria was supplemented by a number of boards of savii ("wise men"): the six savii del consiglio, who formulated and executed government policy; the five savii di terraferma, responsible for military affairs and the defence of the Terraferma; and the five savii ai ordini, responsible for the navy, commerce, and the overseas territories.
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Donato became one of the candidates for Doge upon the death of Marino Grimani on December 25, 1605. Donato faced two opponents in this election (including Marcantonio Memmo, who would eventually succeed him as Doge), but ultimately received both of their support, resulting in his election as Doge on January 10, 1606. Donato inherited a conflict with the papacy from Grimani: Between 1601 and 1604, Venice, under Grimani's leadership, had passed a number of laws limiting the power of the papacy within the Republic of Venice and withdrawing a number of clerical privileges. This came to a head in late 1605 when Venice charged two priests as common criminals, thus denying their clerical immunity from facing charges in secular courts.
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Son of Benedetto Viale, doge of the Genoese republic in the period 1717-1719, he was born in Genoa in 1692 and baptized in the Basilica Santa Maria delle Vigne. Viale received school education in Rome, at the Collegio Clementino. On 10 March 1750 he was elected by the Grand Council as the new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the one hundred and fifteenth in biennial succession and the one hundred and sixtieth in republican history. And the expenses for his coronation ceremony, from the banquet to the cost of the new customs liveries created for the occasion, were considered excessive by a part of the nobility for the Genoese coffers, considering the substantial monetary heritage of the neo doge.
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During his mandate as Doge of Genoa, he commissioned new conservation and restoration works for the Doge's Palace, the residence of the doge in charge and seat of political power for the presence of the Major and Minor Council of the Republic of Genoa. He also maintained good relations with the Holy See in Rome and also thanks to his Roman knowledge he favored the cardinal election of the Genoese Nicolò Serra and Lazzaro Pallavicini. When the dogal office ended on 29 January 1767, Francesco Maria Della Rovere died in Genoa on 23 May 1768. Having had no children from his wife Caterina Negrone, daughter of the former doge Domenico Negrone, the Genoese noble branch of the Della Rovere family went extinct.
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Alvise Contarini (24 October 1601 – 15 January 1684) was the 106th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 26 August 1676 until his death seven and a half years later. He was the eighth and final member of the House of Contarini to serve as Doge of Venice (with the first being Domenico I Contarini, who became Doge in 1043). His reign was largely peaceful, as the Republic of Venice was still recovering from the defeat to the Ottoman Empire in the 1645–69 Cretan War. However, in the last days of Contarini's reign, hostilities with the Ottoman Empire were rekindled once again, and Venice soon entered the Sixth Ottoman-Venetian War, better known as the Morean War (1684–99).
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Coat of arms of Agostino Barbarigo An undated portrait of Barbarigo Agostino Barbarigo (3 June 1419 – 20 September 1501) was Doge of Venice from 1486 until his death in 1501. While he was Doge, the imposing Clock Tower in the Piazza San Marco with its archway through which the street known as the Merceria leads to the Rialto, was designed and completed. A figure of the Doge was originally shown kneeling before the lion of Venice on the top storey below the bell but this was removed by the French in 1797 after Venice had surrendered to Napoleon. In 1496 he created an Italian coalition to push back Charles VIII of France from Italy, which led to the Battle of Fornovo during the French retreat from Italy.
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Francis Adorno (1531January 13, 1586) was a celebrated Italian preacher. He was a member of the family of the last Doge of Genoa, and was born three years after the name of the Adorni was suppressed, and the office of Doge abolished. This measure was taken to put an end to the strife of 165 years between that family and the Fregosi, whose name also was changed. This political revolution was effected by Andrea Doria, the famous Genoese admiral.
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On June 17, 1378, his partisans stormed the dogal palace and forced Domenico di Campofregoso to relinquish his position. Antonietto was elected doge by popular acclamation but, the same evening, his co-conspirator, Nicolò Guarco compelled him to resign and became the new doge in his place. Antoniotto had to leave the city and find refuge at the court of the Viscontis of Milan, sworn enemies of the Republic. He remained in exile in Savona until April 1383.
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Sigurd I of Norwaythe first king to visit the Kingdom of Jerusalemhad meanwhile landed at Acre. Baldwin made an alliance with him and they laid siege to Sidon in October 1110. An Egyptian fleet routed the Norwegians, but the Doge of Venice Doge of Venice, Ordelafo Faliero, and his fleet soon joined the crusaders and the town capitulated on 5December. Baldwin spared the lives of the townspeople and many of them moved to Tyre and Damascus.
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Dujam's relation with the Republic of Venice was more complicated despite of the vassal and family relationships between the Frankopani and the Venetian aristocracy. In 1308, Doge Pietro Gradenigo prevented Dujam's plan to get a husband in Hungary for his niece, the orphan Zanetta (daughter of the late Leonard Frankopan, Dujam's cousin), who was also a niece of Gradenigo. The doge referred to the "insufferable and perilous conditions in Hungary and its connected territories", when adopted the child himself.
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Grimelda’s father Grimelda of HungaryIn Hungarian: Árpád-házi GrimeldaShe’s not called “Grimelda” in primary sources, so it’s likely she received this name in Italy. was a Hungarian noblewoman and a dogaressa of Venice by marriage to Doge Otto Orseolo (r. 1009—1026). She was the daughter of Géza, Grand Prince of the Hungarians and Princess Sarolt. GrimeldaAlessandro Fontana, Georges Saro: Venise, 1297-1797: la République des castors Szerkesztette married the Doge Otto Orseolo (r. 1009—1026).
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In order to stop these assaults, the Venetians undertook a large expedition against the Dalmatian Slavic pirates in 839. Doge Pietro Tradonico sent warships against the Slavic lands (Sclavenia). According to F. Šišić Doge Pietro ordered an attack on the Narentines in the spring of 839. According to V. Klaić, Tradonico had first defeated and made peace with the Croats under Mislav, then proceeded to attack the Narentine islands and make peace with Narentine leader Drosaico.
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There were also electoral capitulations for the election of the Venetian doges, the promissione ducale, Kurt Heller: Kultur und Leben in der Republik 697-1797. Vienna/Cologne/Weimar, 1999, pp. 136-157 the oldest of which has survived from 1192. The promissione ducale was drafted before the election of a new doge by a specially formed commission, the Correttori alle promissione ducale, the Doge had to read it at his election, to praise it and was only crowned afterwards.
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Born in Genoa in a period around 1666, Cesare De Franchi held numerous public offices from the age of majority for the Genoese state. His election as doge of the Republic of Genoa took place on 8 October 1721, the one hundred and first in biennial succession and the one hundred and forty-sixth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. He died in Genoa in 1739.
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Elected by the Grand Council of 1 August 1703, the ninety-second Doge of the Republic of Genoa in two-year succession and the one hundred and thirty-seventh in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. After the dogate ended on 1 August 1705, Antonio Grimaldi would continue to serve the Genoese state. He died in Genoa during 1717 without contracting marriage and therefore without children.
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Cascadetto sings a lament on the cowardice of the doge; Cornarini and his squire are obliged to buy a copy of it with the doge's portrait in order to hunt him down. Malatromba returns and enters the Cornarini palace to seduce Catarina. The doge and Baptiste try to enter also but as the mob return they climb onto the balcony. Catarina is telling Laodice of her love for Amoroso when two cloaked henchmen enter her rooms.
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A monastery housed the Frati Minori dell'Osservanza, while the Conventuali occupied the Frari across town. By the 16th century, the church building was in need of repair. Two main impulses led to the reconstruction of this church; one was the reform sweeping the order of the Franciscan Observants, and the other was the wishes of Doge Andrea Gritti, whose family palace neighboured the church. In 1534, this Doge laid the foundation stone for the new church.
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On February 7, 1736 he was elected the new Doge the Republic as new doge, the one hundred and eighth in two-year succession and the one hundred and fifty-third in republican history. As boge he was also invested with the related biennial office of King of Corsica. His Dogate was inevitably dominated by the Corsican Crisis. His two-year mandate ended, on February 7, 1738, he assumed the office of deputy of the Taï Department.
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Journal de Bruxelles 90, page 718 and 719, 'De Gênes, le 16 Frimaire (7 décembre 1799)' In 1800 a doge was nominated for 5 years. In 1802 he was nominated for life. The Republic was briefly occupied by the Austrian forces in 1800, but Napoleon soon returned with his army. A new Constitution was published in 1801, establishing institutions more similar to those of the previous Genoan Republic, with a Doge who was president of a Senate.
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Split was constantly subjected to raids from both the Narentines on the sea, and by the Croats in its immediate hinterland. Therefore, the city offered its allegiance to Venice in exchange for the Doge establishing security. In 998 the Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo, led a large naval expedition along the eastern shores of the Adriatic. He arrived in Split and was welcomed by the population, with the city immediately allying itself to him and providing naval assistance.
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However, the fire soon spread to Saint Mark's Basilica, resulting in the greater part of the city being burnt. The Doge and his son, also named Pietro, were killed in the blaze, but their bodies were later recovered and respectfully buried. Pietro IV's younger son, Vitale Candiano, survived however, and fled to Otto II's court in Saxony with plans to depose the new pro-Byzantine Doge, Pietro I Orseolo. Pietro I's conciliating policy towards the Empire was ineffective.
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In the years immediately prior to his election as Doge, he had almost entirely withdrawn from public life, and he appears to not even have considered becoming a Procurator of San Marco.
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Giovanni I Participazio (or Particiaco) (died 837) was the tenth (historical) or twelfth (traditional) Doge of Venice from the death of his brother in 829 to his arrest and deposition in 836.
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Rodolfo Emilio Brignole Sale, marquis of Groppoli (Genoa, 27 June 1708 - Genoa, 18 April 1774), was the 167th Doge of the Republic of Genoa from 25 November 1762 to 25 November 1764.
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He was born to a noble family of Finale Ligure, the son of Giovanni I Lazzarino, marquis of Finale and Noli and Viscontina Adorno, daughter of Barnaba Adorno, doge of Genoa (1447).
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Then the forty-five were once more reduced by lot to eleven, and the eleven finally chose the forty-one who actually elected the doge. Norwich. A History of Venice, pp. 164-167.
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Carlo Contarini Carlo Contarini (5 July 1580 – 1 May 1656) was the 100th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 27 March 1655 until his death a little over a year later.
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Francesco Maria Della Rovere (Genoa, 13 February 1695 - Genoa, 23 May 1768) was the 168th Doge of the Republic of Genoa, the last member of the Genoese branch of the Della Rovere family.
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Noises of fighting are heard – Paolo has stirred up a revolution against the Doge. Adorno promises to fight for Boccanegra, who vows that Adorno shall marry Amelia if he can crush the rebels.
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He dealt in particular with its trading activities. Although he was Podestà by Verona, but otherwise hardly acted in important offices of the Republic. His election as Doge was a surprise for him.
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Nicolò da Ponte's coat of arms. Nicolò da Ponte (15 January 1491 – 30 July 1585) was the eighty seventh Doge of Venice from 1578 to 1585. He reigned in a fairly quiet period.
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This event is still remembered in the Marriage of the Sea ceremony. In this church, Doge Domenico Selvo was elected and crowned in 1071, since St Mark's Basilica was under reconstruction. In 1099, the Venetian participation in the First Crusade departed from this port, led by the Bishop of Olivolo and Giovanni, son of the doge Vital I Michiel. In 1100, the relics of the body of St. Nicholas were putatively stolen from Myra of Lycia, and interred in this church.
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Francesco Loredan (9 February 1685 in Venice - 19 May 1762 in Venice) was a Venetian statesman of the Loredan family; he served as the 116th Doge of Venice from 18 March 1752 until his death. Loredan was a man of modest culture and limited political experience, having been raised primarily for a life of commerce; in this he stood in stark contrast to his immediate predecessor, Pietro Grimani, who was a poet and diplomat. Loredan was succeeded as Doge by Marco Foscarini.
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The 13th-century work Historia Salonitana by Thomas the Archdeacon notes that Zachlumia (or Chulmie) was a part of the Kingdom of Croatia, before and after Stephen Držislav. In 996, Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo stopped paying tax for safe passage to the Croatian King after a century of peace, renewing old hostilities. Stephen Držislav, together with the Neretvians, fought the Venetian fleet, but with little success. He sent delegates demanding resumption of the tribute, but the Doge demurred and the war continued.
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Codex diplomaticus regni Croatiae, Dalmatiae et Slavoniae, vol. I (1967), Zagreb, Tiskara izdavačkog zavoda JAZU: 189 An 1116 report on the military campaign of Venetian Doge Ordelafo Faliero stated that the Doge had destroyed this "impregnable fort".Danko Zelić, Postanak i urbani razvoj Šibenika u srednjem vijeku (PhD diss), 1999: 35. During the High Middle Ages, the Archangel Michael became the dominant iconographic symbol of the Šibenik commune.Evidenced by the archangel's image on the earliest city seals in 13th and 14th century.
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One of the most powerful governmental bodies of Republican Venice, the Council of Ten, soon convened to discuss the rumors. They became concerned about the Doge's role in the plot and, exercising emergency powers, together with the Doge's councillors, the Signori di Notte, and the six sestieri, ordered the immediate and unquestioned arrest of Calendario and Isarello, who, upon questioning, implicated the Doge. After a series of quick albeit somber trials, the conspirators were imprisoned and executed, including Calendario, Isarello, and Doge Faliero.
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Ducat of Paolo di Campofregoso, coined between 1483 and 1488. The son of doge Battista I Campofregoso, he was convinced by Pope Nicholas V to study ecclesiastical matters at Pavia. In 1448, once finished with his studies, he was appointed canon of the cathedral of Savona, and in 1453 he became abbot of the Cistercian convent of Sant'Andrea at Savona. The same year, aged only 26, he was appointed archbishop of Genoa by request of his brother Pietro, the current doge.
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Doge Andrea has what is generally agreed to be "the most lavish funerary monument of Renaissance Venice",Metropolitan MA who have two detached figures of Adam and Eve in the basilica of Santi Giovanni e Paolo, the usual burial-place of Doges, by Tullio Lombardo.Scholars Resource several excellent photographs. See also Pope-Hennessy and other standard works. However the portrait in the Frick Collection by Gentile Bellini, inscribed with his name, is now considered to be of his successor, Doge Giovanni Mocenigo.
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The relationship between the bishop, the patriarch and the doge was complex. The bishops of Olivolo, and then Castello, were technically suffragans of the Patriarch of Grado. From the middle of the 11th century the patriarchs took up residence for most of the time at San Silvestro, Venice, while the bishop was based at San Pietro on the east of the city. An important role was played by the primicerio, based in Saint Mark's, who represented the Doge and the city government.
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Eventually, on 2 December 1615 a compromise was concluded and Bembo, a moderate member of the vecchie faction, was elected as Doge. As always, sumptuous feasts were held to celebrate the occasion. For a number of years, Venice had been harassed by Uskoci pirates, encouraged by Ferdinand, Archduke of Inner Austria, who offered the Uskoci his protection. Bembo's first act as Doge was therefore to declare war on Austria, launching the War of Gradisca (known in German as the Friulian War).
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DOGE () is an academic bibliographic database, which is maintained by INIST (Institute of Scientific and Technical Information), French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), in collaboration with the "Réseau d’Information en Gestion des Entreprises" (Information Network for Business Management) - under the coordination of the Institut Européen de Données Financières, EUROFIDAI (European Financial data Institute), and the CNRS Department of Humanities and Social Sciences (SHS). DOGE covers research documents in all aspects of business management with special emphasis on European literature.
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She demanded the reconstitution of her dowry. The new doge, Pietro I Orseolo, sent an envoy to Piacenza to discuss her claim with Otto III. These were amended in a way that satisfied both parties (Pietro IV had introduced the Mundio, a custom which was new in Venice, in which the doge conferred one fourth of his personal assets to his wife; Venice had confiscated Pietro's freehold estates).Edgcumbe, Staley, The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges, p.
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In his advanced age Rabbi Samuel became the victim of many misfortunes. Domestic troubles and severe illness afflicted him, as well as a dispute with the doge who forced him to leave Venice. It was only shortly before his death that he received permission from the doge to return to the city and to reassume his office, which in his absence had been conducted by his son Joseph, who later immigrated to Hebron. Rabbi Samuel died on August 22, 1694 in Venice.
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He learned design from Giuseppe Porta and color from Jacopo Palma il Giovane, painters with whom he collaborated on projects in the Doge's Palace. In the Sala del Maggior Consiglio, he painted an episode of the History of Ancona, placed above the door leading to the Quarantìa della Sala. It depicts a meeting in Ancona between Doge Sebastiano Ziani, Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, and Pope Alexander III, where all three were given gold umbrellas by the citizens. The pope gives his to the Doge.
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Construction of this palace was begun in the early 18th century for Alvise Pisani, the most prominent member of the Pisani family, who was appointed doge in 1735. The initial models of the palace by Paduan architect Girolamo Frigimelica still exist, but the design of the main building was ultimately completed by Francesco Maria Preti. When it was completed, the building had 114 rooms, in honour of its owner, the 114th Doge of Venice Alvise Pisani.Reference needed, other sites mention 144 rooms.
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Giustinian was a modest man who could not hope to compete with the martial victories of Morosini. During his reign as Doge, he was content to host banquets and festivals, and he gained a reputation for going to church so often that he was given the nickname of "St. Zuanino" or "the Doge of the Te Deum". In his four and a half year reign, all major decisions were left to his advisers, a fact which led some Venetians to criticize him.
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The Assembly was against him, and an angry mob gathered outside the Palace. He attempted to flee to the convent of S. Zaccaria over the Ponte della Paglia, but near the Calle della Rasse he was stabbed to death by one of the mob. Venice had not lost a Doge by murder at home for more than 200 years, a fact that caused much soul-searching by the citizens, and led to constitutional reform. Doge Vitale Michiel II's rule had lasted 16 years.
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The church, known as Il Redentore, was consecrated in 1592, and is one of the most important examples of Palladian religious architecture. After the foundation stone was laid, a small wooden church was temporarily built, along with temporary bridge of barges from the Zattere, so that the Doge Sebastian Venier could walk in procession as far as the tabernacle. Afterwards, the Doge made a pilgrimage to the Church of Redentore every year. On Saturday, the eve of the festival, fireworks are let off.
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The Barbarigo founded in 955 the first church of Santa Maria del Giglio, known as Santa Maria Zobenigo at the time. The family remained part of the Venetian patricians after the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio in 1297. Doge Agostino Barbarigo reigned 1486 until 1501, by Gentile Bellini Two members of the family became doges of Venice. The first, Marco, ruled the Republic in 1485-86 and was the first Doge to be crowned on the Giants Staircase of Palazzo Ducale.
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The tribuni maiores formed the earliest central standing governing committee of the islands in the lagoon, dating from c. 568.Traditional date as given in William J. Langer, ed. An Encyclopedia of World History. St Mark's Basilica houses the relics of St Mark the Evangelist The Doge's Palace, the former residence of the Doge of Venice The traditional first doge of Venice, Paolo Lucio Anafesto (Anafestus Paulicius), was elected in 697, as written in the oldest chronicle by John, deacon of Venice .
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A piazza in front of the Fieschi palaceVerdi to Ricordi, 20 November 1880, in Werfel and Stefan, pp. 360–361Rodolfo Celletti, "A Historical Perspective", in Kahn, (ed.) p. 11 Paolo Albiani, a plebeian, tells his ally Pietro that in the forthcoming election of the Doge, his choice for the plebeian candidate is Simon Boccanegra. Boccanegra arrives and is persuaded to stand when Paolo hints that if Boccanegra becomes Doge, the aristocratic Jacopo Fiesco will surely allow him to wed his daughter Maria.
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The church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo contains the Monument to Doge Pietro Mocenigo, executed with his father and brother, and the Monument to Doge Andrea Vendramin,Scholars Resource several excellent photographs. See also Pope-Hennessy and other standard works. an evocation of a Roman triumphal arch encrusted with decorative figures. Tullio also likely completed the funereal monument to Marco Cornaro in the Church of Santi Apostoli and the frieze in the Cornaro Chapel of the Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari.
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Jovian, surnamed Hypatus or Ceparius (Italian: Gioviano Ceparico Ipato), was Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae in charge of the duchy of Venice in 740. Following the murder of the doge Orso Ipato in 737, the Exarch of Ravenna imposed administration by annual magistri militum on Venice who replaced the doge. Jovian was the fourth of these officials. This period of government by magistri militum lasted until 742, when the fifth and last of such officials was deposed and the dogeship was restored.
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He instructed them to attack the rebellious cities of Trieste, Moglia, and Zara and beat them into submission before sailing for Cairo. The Pope was angered by these Christian cities being attacked by a Crusader army. The doge, Enrico Dandolo, was now the true war leader of this Crusade, with Boniface as only a figurehead. Alexius Angelus made many promises to the Crusaders and their principal financer, the doge of Venice, for riches and honors if they would help him reclaim his empire.
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The sudden death of the doge in office Francesco Maria Sauli on May 26, 1699, who died about four months before the natural expiry of the mandate, led to an early meeting of the members of the Grand Council (June 3) who majority chose De Mari as his successor: the ninetieth in biennial succession and the one hundred and thirty-fifth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. The Republic of Genoa, which declared itself "hardly" neutral even in the subsequent phases that led to the Spanish Succession War, by order of Doge De Mari could not deny the passage of four French battalions in its Genoese territories. After his term of office ended on 3 June 1701, he again held state offices.
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Grimaldi was appointed as doge in the elections of the Grand Council of 22 June, the nineteenth in biennial succession and the one hundred and sixty-fourth in republican history. His two-year mandate is recalled by a sumptuous Carnival party in the halls of the Doge's Palace which, although in the good intentions of Doge Grimaldi intended to follow what he saw and lived during his staysVenice, instead sparked controversy and envy in various noble and citizen environments. After the office ended on 22 June 1758 the former doge first moved to Corsica and, after having witnessed the various scenarios that definitively removed the island from Genoa in favor of the French, he moved to Venice. Single and without children, Giovanni Giacomo Grimaldi died in 1777 in Padua.
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He also came to terms with Doge Vitale Michiel, giving his niece, Mary, to the Doge's son, Nicholas, on 17 December 1167, according to the early 13th-century History of the Doges of Venice.
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Other than Yusuf and Alfonso, the treaty included Abu al-Hasan, Peter IV, and the Doge of Genoa. Yusuf and Alfonso signed the treaty on 25 March 1344 in the Castilian camp outside Algeciras.
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Ducato of Michele Steno (1400-1413). Denarius of Louis the Pious (minted 819-822). Republic of Venice, Grosso or 'Matapan' of Antonio Venier, Doge of Venice (1382-1400). Silver ducato of Giovanni II Cornaro.
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Giovanni Dandolo was the 48th Doge of Venice, elected late in his life on 31 March 1280, died on 2 November 1289. During his reign the first Venetian gold ducat was introduced into circulation.
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He tells us that the Doge of Venice sent him to Brescia to deliver a message to the condottiere Francesco Carmagnola. He was also employed as the municipal physician by the city of Udine.
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Portrait of Giovanni I Cornaro by Sebastiano Ricci. Giovanni I Corner or Cornaro (Venice, 11 November 1551 - Venice, 23 December 1629) was the 96th Doge of Venice, reigning from 24 January 1625 until his death.
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Francesco Contarini Francesco Contarini San Francesco della Vigna Francesco Contarini (Venice, 28 November 1556 - Venice, 6 December 1624) was the 95th Doge of Venice, reigning from 8 September 1623 until his death fourteen months later.
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Frozza was a daughter of Otto Orseolo and his wife Grimelda of Hungary,Norwich, John Julius. (1982). A History of Venice. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. Doge of Venice, and granddaughter of Pietro II Orseolo.
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Nicolò Guarco (c.1325 in Parodi – c.1385 in Lerici) was a Genoese statesman who became the 7th doge of the Republic of Genoa and led the Republic through the War of Chioggia against Venice.
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Giuseppe Maria Doria (12 July 1730 – 9 March 1816) was a Genoese nobleman, elected 183rd Doge of the Republic of Genoa. He was the last member of the house Doria that served in that office.
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Portrait of Marcantonio Memmo by Leandro Bassano Arms of Marcantonio Memmo Marcantonio Memmo (Venice, November 11, 1536 – Venice, October 31, 1615) was the 91st Doge of Venice, reigning from July 24, 1612 until his death.
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Near the hamlet of Cremeno is the Villa Cambiaso, which was the summer residence of Giovanni Battista Cambiaso, who was Doge of the Republic of Genoa (from 1771 to 1773). Church of N.S. della Neve.
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The Barbarigo Altarpiece or Enthroned Madonna and Child with Angel Musicians and Saint Mark, Saint Augustine and Doge Agostino Barbarigo is a 1488 (dated on the throne) oil painting on panel by Giovanni Bellini, now in the church of San Pietro Martire in Murano. Its commission is unusually well-documented for a work by Bellini. Uniquely Agostino Barbarigo had taken over from his brother Marco Barbarigo as doge. Marco and Agostino were not on good terms and Agostino was even suspected of killing his brother.
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Durazzo was born 5 August 1594 in Multedo, near Genoa, the seventh son of Pietro Durazzo and Aurelia Saluzzo. He belonged to the Durazzo family, one of new emerging families of the Republic of Genoa which had entered on the corporation (albergo) of the House of Grimaldi. His grandfather Giacomo had been Doge of Genoa from 1573 to 1575. Also his father Pietro was Doge from 1619 to 1621, as well as his brother Cesare (from 1665 to 1667) and his nephew Pietro (from 1685-1687).
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Detail of the landscape The execution however dragged on until September of that year, when the Doge, the Patriarch and other Venetian nobles visited Dürer's workshop to see the finished work. In a later letter written to Nurnberg's Senate in 1523, Dürer wrote how, in that occasion, the doge had proposed him the position of the Republic's painter, but he had refused. The visitors included perhaps, among other artists, Giovanni Bellini. The work was acquired by emperor Rudolf II in 1606, who had it moved to Prague.
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The Byzantine–Venetian War of 1171 was fought between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Venice as a result of the Byzantine imprisonment of Venetian merchants and citizens across the Empire. 10,000 Venetians were imprisoned in the Byzantine capital, Constantinople, alone. Despite Doge Michiel's apparent will to pursue a peaceful solution, outrage in Venice itself swung popular opinion in the favour of full scale war against Byzantium. Doge Michiel had no choice but to set out for war, which he did in mid-late 1171.
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Constance of Sicily (floruit 1220), was a Sicilian Princess and the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Pietro Ziani (r. 1205–1229). She was the daughter of Tancred, King of Sicily, and Sibylla of Acerra. Her father died in 1194, and her brother was deposed later that same year, by Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, who also captured Constance, her mother and her two sisters. She married the Doge Pietro Ziani in 1213, after the death of his former dogaressa Maria Baseggio.
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Cornarini and Baptiste get arrested but claim to have proof of the Doge's demise, which they will reveal to the Council of Ten. At the Council of Ten most of the councillors are asleep and only awake with the entry of a delegation of female gondoliers. Malatromba requests that the Council hear the testimony of the two men (Cornarini and Baptiste) about the disgraced doge. They claim to have killed Cornarini; they hope this will allow them freedom and Malatromba hopes he can now become doge.
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They in turn elected a final electoral body of 41 members, who ultimately elected the Doge. Despite its complexity, the method had certain desirable properties such as being hard to game and ensuring that the winner reflected the opinions of both majority and minority factions.Miranda Mowbray & Dieter Gollmann (2007) Electing the Doge of Venice: Analysis of a 13th Century Protocol This process, with slight modifications, was central to the politics of the Republic of Venice throughout its remarkable lifespan of over 500 years, from 1268 to 1797.
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Structure of a Mafia crime family In Italian, consigliere means "advisor" or "counselor" and is still a common title for example for members of city councils in Italy and Switzerland. It is derived from Latin consiliarius (advisor) and consilium (advice). The terminology of the American Mafia is taken from that of the Sicilian Mafia, and suggests that an analogy is intended to imitate the court of a medieval Italian principality. For example, Venice was led by a doge ("duke") and a consigliere ducale (advisor to the doge).
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Da Passano was elected Doge of the Republic with the election of 11 July 1675 and his mandate was the seventy-eighth in two-year succession and the one hundred and twenty-third in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. His interventions include an institutional clash between his person and the supreme syndicators for the sending of some galleys, without his authorization, which granted to hunt down a Turkish ship that threatened the Ligurian coast.
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Coat of arms of Vitale II Michiel Vitale II Michiel (also spelled Vital II Michiel) was Doge of Venice from 1156 to 1172. Vitale Michiel became Doge of Venice at a time when Venice's relations with the Byzantine Empire were becoming increasingly strained. At the same time, on account of the growing profitability of mainland Italian markets, Venice was trying to remain on good terms with the Western Emperor, Frederick Barbarossa. But eventually, Venice was to come into conflict with both East and West.
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Teodato was the son of Doge Orso Ipato. He was condemned to exile in 737 in the wake of his father's murder, which came perhaps as a complication of a civil conflict between Eraclea and Equilio. The office of doge was subsequently abolished in favour of a magister militum, denoting in this case a chief magistrate to be replaced yearly. The first to be installed in this role was Domenico Leoni, who at the end of his twelve-month term was replaced by Felicius Cornicola.
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Doge Giovanni Mocenigo, c. 1478; Tempera on panel; Museo Correr, Venice Accademia, Venice Gentile's earliest signed work is The Blessed Lorenzo Giustinian (1445), one of the oldest surviving oil paintings in Venice (now at the Accademia Museum). During the 1450s Bellini worked on a commission for the Scuola Grande di San Marco and painted in conjunction with his brother, Giovanni Bellini. From 1454 he was also the official portrait artist for the Doges of Venice, (for example, see image of the Doge Giovanni Mocenigo at right).
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In 1570 da Ponte became a Procurator of San Marco, and on 3 March 1578, he was elected as Doge in a long and conflict-ridden election that required 44 ballots. Although he was in his late 80s when elected Doge, he had a very active reign that lasted more than seven years. Young politicians looked to him during the internal crisis of 1581-82 that led to the reform of the Council of Ten. On several occasions he distinguished himself for his anti- clericalism.
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Upon the death of Orso however, the Byzantines replaced the government with a ducal courts annually in the magistri militum until 742 when the emperor formally granted the populate the right to elect the Doge.Diehl, Charles: La Repubblica di Venezia, p.21., Newton & Compton Editori. The power of the assembly at this time had yet be precisely defined and author John Deacon reports that in 887 Doge Giovanni Participazio II had to reaffirm that it was the responsibility of the people's assembly to elect the Doge.
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Dogaressa Caterina was somewhat mocked for her simple habits, which was not seen as unsuitable for the rank of a dogaressa, but the doge always loyally defended her and called her a good woman and wife.
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"Historical Political Futures Markets: An International Perspective ". NBER Working Paper 14377. During the same period, gambling was also common on the outcomes of secular Italian elections, such as that of the Doge of Venice.Jonathan Walker. 1999.
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Indeed, as Edward MuirE. Muir, Civic Ritual in Renaissance Venice, p286 points out, “by the sixteenth century virtually every word, gesture and act that the doge made in public was subject to legal and ceremonial regulation” .
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The people gathered outside of the Ducal Palace, urging the Doge to undertake a retaliatory strike against the Greeks. Michiel had little choice, and, against his and the sapienti's better judgment, he set out for war.
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Girolamo Priuli (1486 in Venice - 4 November 1567 in Venice) was a Venetian noble, who served as the eighty-third Doge of Venice, from 1 September 1559 until his sudden death from a stroke in 1567.
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See Agazzi, Platea Sancti Marci…, p. 79.The Commune of Venice, rather than the doge, is first mentioned as the representative authority of the State in 1143. See Maranini, La costituzione di Venezia..., I, p. 102.
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The Napoleonic Wars put an end to the office of Doge of Genoa. In 1797, when Napoleon Bonaparte incorporated Genoa into the newly organized Ligurian Republic, French soldiers and the city's mob ransacked the Doge's palace.
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Election of the doge by the Forty-one - Gabriele Bella The doge's prerogatives were not defined with precision. While the position was entrusted to members of the inner circle of powerful Venetian families, after several doges had associated a son with themselves in the ducal office, this tendency toward a hereditary monarchy was checked by a law that decreed that no doge had the right to associate any member of his family with himself in his office, nor to name his successor. After 1172 the election of the doge was entrusted to a committee of forty, who were chosen by four men selected from the Great Council of Venice, which was itself nominated annually by twelve persons. After a deadlocked tie at the election of 1229, the number of electors was increased from forty to forty-one.
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Chronicle of the Priest of Duklja During last two years (999–1000) of the Croatian civil war, the revolters had managed to depose Svetoslav Suronja probably with some Bulgarian help, who later turned to the Venetian Doge for alliance in year 1000. Answering that political change, the Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo started military intervention in Dalmatia in which he will emerge victorious. In Trogir, which was brought under Venetian control, there was a meeting between Doge Pietro Orseolo II and the deposed king, in which his son Stephen was to be taken hostage and marry the Doge's daughter, Joscella (Hicela) Orseolo, as part of the agreement made at their meeting. It is assumed that he is the same one who succeeded Krešimir III as king, but this is controversial, since the father of king Stephen is referred as Krešimir in other sources.
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Son of the former doge Pietro Fregoso and his second wife Benedetta Doria, brother of Tomaso di Campofregoso, who was elected to the dogal office three times, Battista was born in Genoa around 1380. After his father's death in 1404, Fregoso probably followed his own family in various exiles in different Italian states and in the management of commercial traffic, especially in the eastern Genoese colony of Cyprus. Almost inexplicably, he began to approach the Milanese Duke Filippo Maria Visconti, enemy of his brother Tomaso, then the doge of the Republic. By now, secretly an ally of Duke Visconti, he put in place his "climb to power" on the morning of 24 March 1437, taking advantage of the momentary absence of the doge engaged in attending the religious celebrations of Palm Sunday at the Cathedral of San Lorenzo.
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However, In 1447, Francesco Sforza betrayed the Republic and was deprived of the residence. In 1453 the Republic of Venice regained possession of the palace and sold it by auction to the Doge of the time, Francesco Foscari; he had the palace demolished and rebuilt in late Venetian gothic style; the building was chosen by the doge for its position on the Grand Canal. Foscari immediately set about rebuilding the palace in a manner befitting his status: he moved the site of the new palace forward on to the bank of the Grand Canal. Buying and rebuilding the palace for himself meant for the doge affirming his political and military role: he actually represented the continuity of the military successes of that period, lasted 30 years, and was the promoter of the Venetian expansion in the mainland (terraferma).
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London : T. W. Laurie In 1310 his son-in-law, Niccolo' Querini was exiled for life from Venice for taking part in Bajamonte Tiepolo's conspiracy to overthrow the state. Soranzo was succeeded as Doge by Francesco Dandolo.
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F. Negri Arnoldi, Storia dell'Arte, Fabbri Group (1993), Vol. III, pp. 376–7. The Doge on the Bucentaur at San Niccolò del Lido by Francesco Guardi (c. 1775–80) This particular canvas shows the Bucentaur leaving Venice.
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Giovanni Polani was a kinsman of the Doge of Venice, Pietro Polani (r. 1130–1148). He became bishop of Castello in 1133. In this position Polani had direct jurisdiction over the parishes of Venice. Polani supported reform.
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In the 1663 edition of Venetia città nobilissima et singolare..., Martinioni records 40 procurators who, beginning in 1275, were subsequently elected doge. For the complete list, see Sansovino and Martinioni, Venetia città nobilissima et singolare..., 1663 edn.
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Doge Nicolo Sagredo from his monument at San Francesco della Vigna, Venice Antonio Gai (Born 3 May 1686 – 4 June 1769) was an Italian sculptor, active in his native Venice and Veneto during the late-Baroque period.
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Michelangelo Cambiaso (Genoa, 21 September 1738 - Genoa, 14 March 1813) member of a Genoese patrician family, was a Genoese politician, as well as Doge of the Republic of Genoa and French senator under the First French Empire.
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Doge Domenico Contarini (1043-1071) had a relatively uneventful reign, healing the rift between the Doge and his subjects and regaining territory that had been lost in the east to the Kingdom of Croatia in the years following the deposition of Otto Orseolo. However, one fact remained: based on their actions in the first half of the 11th century, the majority of the people of Venice were clearly not in favor of having a royal hereditary class. This reality, coupled with the fresh memories of power-hungry Doges, set the stage for Domenico Selvo.
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A History of Venice, p. 641. According to Tino's account, on the day of the election, Selvo was attending mass for the funeral of the late Doge at the new monastery church of San Nicolò built under Domenico Contarini on Lido, an island in the Venetian Lagoon. The location was ideal for the funeral of a Doge not only because St Mark's Basilica was under construction at the time, but the new church was also spacious enough to hold a fairly large number of people.Wiel. Venice, pp. 76-79.
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Louis receiving the Doge of Genoa at Versailles on 15 May 1685, following the Bombardment of Genoa. (Reparation faite à Louis XIV par le Doge de Gênes. 15 mai 1685 by Claude Guy Halle, Versailles.) By attaching nobles to his court at Versailles, Louis achieved increased control over the French aristocracy. According to historian Philip Mansel, the king turned the palace into: :an irresistible combination of marriage market, employment agency and entertainment capital of aristocratic Europe, boasting the best theater, opera, music, gambling, sex and (most important) hunting.
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The doge Andrea Gritti portrayed by Tiziano From the 14th century onward, the ceremonial crown and well-known symbol of the doge of Venice was called corno ducale, a unique ducal hat. It was a stiff horn-like bonnet, which was made of gemmed brocade or cloth-of-gold and worn over the camauro. This was a fine linen cap with a structured peak reminiscent of the Phrygian cap, a classical symbol of liberty. This ceremonial cap may have been ultimately based on the white crown of Upper Egypt.
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Giovanni II Cornaro, sometimes Corner (4 August 1647 – 12 August 1722) was a Venetian nobleman and statesman; he served as the 111th Doge of Venice from 22 May 1709 until his death. Cornaro was born and died in Venice. He was a career statesman from a noble family. During his time as Doge, he led Venice in the last war against the Ottoman Empire, culminating in the signing of the Treaty of Passarowitz in 1718, whereby Venice lost the Morea and her last possessions in the Aegean Sea.
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To concentrate the forces of the city on the challenge posed by the Venetians, Nicolò farmed out the administration (and pacification) of the island of Corsica to yet another maona. Even more importantly, on September 22, the doge signed with the representative of the noble exiles an agreement associating them to the government of the Republic, simply barring them from the position of doge. This treaty allowed to solve the problem of the scheming fuorusciti which had plagued the Republic since its creation in 1339. :it:Genovino minted under the dogeship of Nicolò Guarco (c.
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With the utter destruction of their fleet, the Venetians sailed home in disgrace. They limped into the Venetian harbor in May 1172, and public opinion immediately swayed against the Doge. Blamed not only for the loss of lives and ships, but for the utter disgrace and humiliation of Venice, a mob began to form in the street. The Doge had wasted the Venetians' time with useless legates and envoys in a fruitless effort to solve a military issue diplomatically, and tens of thousands of Venetians were still imprisoned across the Byzantine Empire.
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She and the Doge created the custom of the Mundio, in which the doge granted half of his income to his consort. Valdrada became unpopular in Venice because of her arrogance, but she had good relations with Pietro. She supported his ambitions and strengthened his status by behaving as a Queen, and was reportedly the first dogaressa to follow a royal ceremonial protocol.Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges, London : T. W. Laurie She introduced bull fighting in Venice, which became popular and at which she presided.
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On 9 May 1000 Doge Pietro II decided to finally pacify the Croatians and the Narentines during the last Croatian-Bulgarian wars, protecting Venetian trade colonies and the interests of Romanized Dalmatians. Without difficulties, his fleet of six ships scorched the entire eastern half of the Adriatic coast, with only the Neretvians offering resistance. After the Neretvians stole goods and captured forty tradars from Zadar, the Doge dispatched ten ships that caught the Neretvians near the island of Kača. He captured them all and brought them triumphantly to Split.
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The king was still imprisoned when a Venetian fleet of 120 ships reached the coast of the kingdom under the command of Doge Domenico Michiel. On behalf of the king, Warmund of Picquigny, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem, concluded a treaty with the Doge about the conquest of Tyre. The treaty, known as Pactum Warmundi, established the Venetians' right to seize one-third of Tyre and the nearby villages and to administer justice to all who lived in their district. The pact also granted one-third of the royal revenues collected in the town.
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With the war against the Ottoman Empire at a low point, and many Venetian nobles considering giving up Crete, Pesaro gave an impassioned speech in the Maggior Consiglio (Grand Council) in favour of continuing the war, in the course of which he pledged 6000 ducats of his own money. This action inspired the other nobles to continue the war. His militant attitude won him great favour, and, following the death of Doge Bertuccio Valiero on March 29, 1658, Pesaro was the consensus candidate for new Doge of Venice.
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He was elected doge on 9 October 1654: the sixty- seventh in biennial succession and the one hundred and twelfth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. Among the events of his dogato is recorded in the annals the fight against piracy along the Ligurian coast, the continuation of the work of the Albergo dei Poveri in Genoa and a new plague epidemic that decimated the Genoese population and the nearby villages. He ended his term on 9 October 1656.
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In 1544 the doge Andrea Centurione Pietrasanta proposed to him the continuation of the drafting of the Annals of the Republic , a task that declined for the multiple work commitments. In 1546 he supervised the restoration of the Cathedral of San Lorenzo and the following year, together with the doge Benedetto Gentile Pevere and other officials, he assisted and studied the new reform proposal of the Major Council of the Republic. Grimaldi died in Genoa in March 1563. His body was placed in the church of Santa Maria di Castello.
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Son of Cesare Franchi de Candia and grandson of the homonymous Federico De Franchi Toso, nephew of Gerolamo and Giacomo, Federico was born in Genoa around 1642. On 7 June 1701 the Grand Council appointed him new doge of Genoa, the ninety-first in two- year succession and the one hundred and thirty-sixth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. There are no known details or main facts of his two-year mandate which ended, as by natural expiry, on 7 June 1703.
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Pietro Gradenigo (1251 – 13 August 1311) was the 49th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1289 to his death. When he was elected Doge, he was serving as the podestà of Capodistria in Istria. Venice suffered a serious blow with the fall of Acre, the last Crusader stronghold in the Holy Land, to the Mamluks of Egypt in 1291. A war between Venice and Genoa began in 1294, and Venice sustained some serious losses: it lost a naval battle, its possessions in Crete were pillaged and the Byzantine emperor, Andronikos II, arrested many Venetians in Constantinople.
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During his mandate as Doge, Gentile was highly respected, as he enriched the city library, increased the botanical garden and was the first doge to visit the university. He was also a keen supporter of a more active foreign policy based on the alliance with Austria and England. After the end of his mandate, which expired on March 8, 1783, he ran again in the customs elections in 1785, but was defeated. Marco Antonio Gentile eventually died in 1798, at the age of 75, without marrying and without children.
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At age 53, on May 10, 1667, the Grand Council elected Gentile as the new doge of Genoa, the seventy-fourth in two-year succession and the nineteenth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. He led an almost peaceful and administrative Dogate, except for some disagreements with the Chapter of the Genoa Cathedral, with the Genoese archbishop Giambattista Spinola and with the Inquisitor of the Holy Office. The dogate ceased on May 10, 1669 Cesare Gentile still dealt with public assignments.
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After the elecetion 7 January 1773, Grand Council chose Spinola as the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa. A nomination that the Marquis Ferdinando Spinola did not immediately accept, citing reasons related to his advanced seniority and precarious state of health in the first instance. 12 days had to pass before the Government and the Senate of the Republic formalized the abdication of the doge. He was married to Margherita de Carion Nezoz, countess of Morviel, and died in Genoa in 1778 at the age of 86.
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As the assembly dispersed in haste, the Doge and the magistrates deposed their insignia and presented themselves at the balcony of the Ducal Palace to announce the decision to the crowd gathered below. At the end of the proclamation, the crowd erupted; not, as feared by the patricians, in cries for revolution, but in the cries of Viva San Marco! and Viva la Repubblica!. The crowd raised the Flag of St. Mark on the three masts in the square, attempted to reinstate the Doge, and attacked the houses and properties of Venetian Jacobins.
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Sautter with artists from Il Ballo del Doge Venice IIl Ballo del Doge is an annual ball organized by Sautter since 1994 during Venice’s Carnival in Palazzo Pisani Moretta on the Grand Canal, a beautiful 16th century palace. The concept of the ball developed in a very original manner after a chance meeting between Sautter and Terry Jones, a founding member of the Monty Python team. Jones was in Venice preparing a historical documentary for the BBC on the Crusades. Sautter was in charge of logistics, costumes and set designs for the shoot.
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Following the death of Pasquale Cicogna, Grimani was a candidate for Doge. After 70 ballots, none of the candidates had the votes necessary to be elected. At this point, Grimani made liberal use of "gifts" in order to break the deadlock, and he was eventually elected Doge on 26 April 1595. Given Grimani's popularity with the people, his election set off a long round of festivities and celebrations, and, just as these were waning, the coronation of Morosina Morosini as dogaressa set off a new round of opulent festivities.
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Tomaso di Campofregoso became Doge three times: in 1415, 1421 and 1437. In 1461, Paolo Fregoso, archbishop of Genoa, enticed the current doge to his own palace, held him hostage and offered him the choice of retiring from the post or being hanged. When Fregoso was in due course himself toppled, he fled to the harbour, commandeered four galleys and launched himself on a whole new career as a pirate. Among other influential families in the republic were the Spinola, the Grimaldi, the Doria and the Durazzo, all these dynasties gave numerous doges to Genoa.
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Also, there is a T-shirt with the design, but with llamas instead of wolves, in The Sims 3: University Life Expansion Pack. On an episode of the U.S. version of The Office entitled "Niagara", Dwight wears the shirt to go out on the town, believing that it will attract women because the howling wolves are "suggestive". The Valve online store once sold a shirt with three Sentry Turrets from Portal looking at a moon. Grumpy Cat has a version called "3 Grumpy Cat Moon", Doge a version called "3 Doge Moon".
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He followed Orso I Participazio and Giovanni II Participazio as Doge of Venice, elected to the throne at the side of the elderly, and beloved, Giovanni circa April 887. He launched a military attempt against the Narentines in Dalmatia, who were hostile to Venetia after 886. As soon as he became Doge, he advanced with a fleet of twelve galleys to the port of Makarska (), where he sank five Narentine ships. He landed near Mokro and advanced deeper inland, but the Narentines crushed his forces, killing him in open battle on 18 September 887.
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The palace originally erected by the aristocratic Erizzo family, and was the birthplace of Francesco Erizzo, who became Doge in 1631 till his death in 1646. An elaborate tomb for this Doge was built in the church of San Martino, whose apse stands across the Rio della Ca' en Duo. During this Doge's rule, the palace underwent some reconstruction by Baroque architect, Mattia Carneri, of the School of Longhena,Derived from Italian Wikipedia entry, citing Francesco Cessi, CARNERI (Carner, Carneris, Carnero), Mattia in Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Treccani. URL September 30, 2011.
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His birth date is not known precisely but his father was Rolando Fregoso and his mother Manfredina Fregoso. His brother Domenico was elected doge in 1370, and his nephew Giacomo became doge in 1390. Pietro became bachelor of law and joined the family's business involved in trade with the Orient. On the political scene, he obtained a number of positions including the role of Podestà of the city of Novi and, in 1373, he became admiral of the Republic and was in charge of the conquest of Cyprus.
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For his success in the Aegean, he was given a palace in Genoa, then ruled by his brother. On July 15, 1393, at the age of 63, he was elected doge after the ruling doge Antoniotto di Montaldo had stepped down for unknown reasons. But Pietro retained the dogeship only one day and ceded the position the very next day to Clemente Promontorio. After this short episode, Pietro continued his political career, in particular as member of the Council of the commune until his death on April 22, 1404.
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When the new doge, Ottaviano di Campofregoso, during the French occupation of Lombardy (September 1515), allied with Francis I of France, Antoniotto switched to the Spanish party. The Spanish victory at the battle of Bicocca (1522) granted him the position of doge. In the same year he had the port of Savona destroyed in retaliation for their rebellion against the Republic of Genoa. He held the title, with little popular support, for five years until, attacked by the French general Odet de Foix and by Andrea Doria, he left Genoa.
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In Verona, he became the patron of Otto Orseolo, the son of Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo. He then pledged to support Otto Orseolo as the next Doge of Venice, leading to a period of good relations between the Holy Roman Empire and the Republic of Venice after years of conflict under Otto II. Reaching Pavia for Easter, 996, Otto III was declared King of Italy and crowned with the Iron Crown of the Lombards.Duckett, pg. 111 The king failed, however, to reach Rome before Pope John XV died of fever.
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After having ruled Venice for four years, Pietro I voluntarily abdicated to become a monk, allowing the pro-Ottonian Vitale to return to Venice as Doge in 977, restoring the city's friendly relationship with the Empire. However, Vitale's reign was short (less than two years) and he too voluntarily abdicated to become a monk. With the position vacant, the pro-Byzantine Tribuno Memmo became the new Doge in 979. With the change in leadership, Otto II was reluctant to renew the city's commercial agreements which his father had previously granted to the city.
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Rockefeller monitored financial reports and oversaw advertisements for the hotel, with the primary goal of serving female workers. She objected to racial discrimination in the wages, status, and living arrangements of the staff at the Grace Doge Hotel.
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Coat of arms of the Valier family Bertuccio Valier or Valiero (1 July 1596 in Venice – 29 March 1658 in Venice) was the 102nd Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 15 June 1656 until his death.
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Veneroso was elected doge in June 1754. He ended his assignment on June 23, 1756, returning to the position of Magistrate of the Walls. After this, he was also magistrate of war. He had a son named Gerolamo.
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Memorial stone plaque to Croatian victory over Venetian forces lead by Candiano in the battle of Makarska on 18th September 887 Pietro I Candiano (c. 842 – 18 September 887) was briefly the sixteenth Doge of Venice in 887.
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Upham (2001), p. 398. The fort was created to watch over the Minnesota River Valley, in addition to the larger frontier. It replaced Fort Doge in Iowa, which was decommissioned during the same period.Curtiss-Wedge (1994), p. 617.
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Nicolò Donato Nicolò Donà zecchino Nicolò Donà or Nicolò Donato (28 January 1539 – 8 May 1618) was the 93rd Doge of Venice, reigning for little more than a month, from his election on 5 April 1618 until his death.
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Among his first works was a Marius besieged by the Cimbri. In 1822, he painted the Oath of the Horatii. In 1835, he painted the doomed Doge Marino Faliero. In 1836, Cain, Madonna Lia, and Torquato Tasso a Sant'Anna.
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The departure of the Florentine and Maltese contingents further weakened the Venetians, and when the German mercenaries refused to remain there in winter quarters, the Venetian commander, Doge Francesco Morosini, had to concede defeat and retreat to the Peloponnese.
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Palazzo Falier is a civil building located in Venice, Italy in the Cannaregio district. The palazzo is particularly known for having been the home of Marin Falier, Doge of the Republic of Venice, who was executed for attempting a coup d'état.
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Portrait of Francesco Donato by David Teniers the Younger. Francesco Donato was the Doge of Venice from 1545 to 1553. He was married to Giovanna Da Mula and Alicia Giustiniani. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges.
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While Giustiniano was away, he appointed his other son Giovanni as co-doge. Giustiniano was enraged. He refused to go to the palace and went to live at the nearby church of San Severo. He managed to change his father’s mind.
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He also participated in four statues for Doge Leonardo Loredan's monument in the church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo. Giorgio Vasari owed to conversations with Danese many details of Venetian artists in his Vite. He died in Padua in 1572.
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He died in Genoa around 1749 where he was buried in the church of San Rocco in Granarolo. From the marriage to Giovanna D'Aste he had one son, Agostino Viale, who in 1750 became doge of the Republic of Genoa.
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Pietro I Orseolo, O.S.B. Cam. (Peter Urseolus) (928–987) was the Doge of Venice from 976 until 978. He abdicated his office and left in the middle of the night to become a monk. He later entered the Camaldolese Order.
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Further breaking from tradition, the discourse was not written in Hebrew, but rather in eloquent Italian. As a result, the discourse was successful in convincing the Doge to rule against the expulsion edict, allowing the Jewish population of Venice to remain.
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Giustinian died on March 23, 1688, following a failed surgery. Later, a humorous poem circulated about the two attending physicians, Ton and Dolfin (whose names translate as tuna and dolphin), claiming that the doge had been killed by two fish.
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Giustiniano ParticipazioAlso rendered Partecipazio or Particiaco. His first name in English would be Justinian. (; died 829) was the eleventh (traditional) or ninth (historical) Doge of Venice from 825 to his death. His four years on the ducal throne were very eventful.
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From the southern transept rises the bell tower, built in the 12th-14th centuries, with a series of single, double and triple mullioned windows. The last floor was demolished during the rule of Giovanni dell'Agnello (1364-1368), Doge of Pisa.
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The first references to Zeno in historical sources describe him as a diplomat in France and Italy, where he was excommunicated for having pushed Bologna to avoid paying tributes to the Papal States. In 1240 he helped Doge Jacopo Tiepolo during the siege of Ferrara, in 1242 put down a revolt in Zara and in 1244 he was named capitano generale da Mar (fleet commander) of the Republic of Venice. He was also the podestà (Chief Magistrate) of numerous Italian cities. After the death of Marino Morosini, Zeno, who was then podestà of Fermo, was elected Doge with 21 out of 41 votes.
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Their fears were confirmed when his son, Otto Orseolo (named after Otto III), assumed the title of Doge upon Pietro II's death in 1009, thereby becoming the youngest Doge in Venetian history at the age of 16.Hazlitt. The Venetian Republic, pp. 115-133. Scandal marked much of Otto's reign as he showed a clear inclination toward nepotism by elevating several relatives to positions of power. In 1026, he was deposed by his enemies and exiled to Constantinople, but his successor, Pietro Barbolano, had such difficulty in attempting to unite the city that it seemed infighting would once again seize Venice.
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Rather being presented to the Virgin and Child by his name-saint Augustine, as was usual, the Doge is presented by Saint Mark, patron saint of the Venetian Republic, as well as Marco Barberigo. Instead of looking towards the Child, the Doge looks out towards the Venetians passing the painting. There was opposition to hanging it in the Doge's Palace, which may be why Barberigo instead bequeathed it to a convent (so probably saving it from a later fire).Ruggiero, 344–345 Before this it apparently hung in his home, the Palazzo Barbarigo Nani Mocenigo (which survives; not the Palazzo Barbarigo).
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Steno was born in Venice into a family of some, though not great, wealth, and had lived a dissolute life in youth; he and a number of other young men were at one point nearly executed by the government for covering the Doge Marino Faliero's throne with "ignominious" inscriptions against him and his spouse, Aluycia Gradenigo. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges. London : T. W. Laurie He later served as proveditor of Venice, and proved a capable diplomat. In 1400 he was elected as doge as a compromise choice, since previous votes had become deadlocked.
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Upon becoming Doge he took to dressing like Lorenzo Celsi, who had been known for his elegance of dress. In his accession's year, Venice begun a successful war against Padua and its lord, Francesco da Carrara, leading to a substantial expansion of the republic in the Italian mainland. During the Christian schism of 1408, Venice sided with Pope Alexander V. An old and ill man in his late years, Steno died in 1413, and was interred in the Basilica di San Giovanni e Paolo, a traditional burial place of the doges. Steno was succeeded as Doge by Tommaso Mocenigo.
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On 20 January 1646, after 23 ballots and considerable expense, Molin was elected as the 99th Doge of Venice. During his first years as Doge, Molin strengthened Venetian forces in the area around Venice, and in Dalmatia, hoping to be able to carry the fight to Ottoman territory. Venice saw a number of victories in these years, climaxing with Venice's capture of Klis Fortress, previously believed to be impregnable, although Venice proved unable to turn this to her strategic advantage. All of Venice's naval victories were met with fresh Ottoman troops, raised from the vast expanse of the Ottoman Empire.
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Marco Foscarini (February 4, 1696 in Venice – March 31, 1763 in Venice) was a Venetian poet, writer and statesman who served as the 117th Doge of Venice from May 31, 1762 until his death. He studied in his youth in Bologna, and was active as a diplomat, serving as ambassador to the Holy See and to Savoy; he also served as the Procurator of St Mark's for a time. He was succeeded as Doge by Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo. Liceo classico Marco Foscarini, a school in Venice, was named after him to honour his History of Venetian literature.
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Son of a merchant, Nicolò appears first in the documents, in 1351, as a Genoese ambassador sent to the king of France, John II. The same year, he is for the first time made a member of the council of the ancients, the closest advisors to the doge. In 1365, he is given the office of vicar (governor) of the city of Chiavari. He is soon after put in charge of the harbour and re-integrates the council of the ancients. During the 1360s, he seems to have been one of the main opponents of the new doge, Gabriele Adorno.
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However, in 1617–1618, the Spanish Ambassador to Venice, Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar launched a plot to destabilize the Venetian Republic in order to allow Spanish troops to take over Venice. In the midst of this crisis, the reigning Doge, Giovanni Bembo, died on 16 March 1618. Donato was elected doge on 5 April 1618, probably by paying bribes. He tried to eliminate his reputation for stinginess by throwing the traditional lavish banquet to celebrate his election, but this proved unavailing when his parents turned a number of his relatives away from the feast in order to save money.
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Doge Ordelaffo Falier, the Virgin, and Empress Irene The two figures surrounding the Virgin are images of Doge Ordelaffo Falier and Byzantine Empress Irene.Buckton and Osborne 2000, p. 43. The depiction of Falier seems to be slightly off as his head is too small in proportion to his body. There is evidence that shows the original head was removed, and replaced with a new one. There are also scratches on the enamel from when the previous head was removed, and some type of wax or paste was used to fill in the gaps where the replacement piece didn’t exactly fit.
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Elisabetta Querini portrayed by Niccolò Cassana Elisabetta Querini (November 12, 1628 in Venice - January 19, 1709 in Venice), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Silvestro Valier (r. 1694-1700). Querini is described as the only Venetian dogaressa of any significance of the 17th century since Morosina Morosini-Grimani. Her consort was said to be known in history mostly through her. Although the Grand Council had, in 1645, abolished the elaborate ceremony for installing a new dogaressa, because of its large expense to the state and to the Doge, Valiero convinced the council to grant an exception.
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Pisana Conaro (died 10 March 1769), was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo (r. 1763–1779). Pisana Conaro was the daughter of Federico Conaro and married 5 October 1739. Upon his election as doge, the spouse demanded to reintroduce the ceremony of the Solemn Entry of the dogaressa, as well as the other ceremonies surrounding her, rituals which had been abolished during the 17th century. The 22 April 1763, dogaressa Pisana therefore celebrated her entry followed by all the traditional rituals, such as to receive the representatives from the city guilds, with the exception of the coronation.
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Polissena Contarini Da Mula, or Polixena Polixena di Giulio Contarini Da Mula, was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo (r. 1763-1779). She married the Doge in 1771 at a very young age, though she does not seem to have played to part of dogaressa in a ceremonial sense as much as did her predecessor Pisana Conaro. She was, however, the center of the literary circle her consort gathered on his private country villa, where she became the object and muse of many poets. There, Carlo Gozzi prepared comic plays for the little theatre of the Palace.
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At the end of his dogal biennium, in 1543, he returned to live in his sumptuous palace. In 1547 the famous "Congiura dei Fieschi " broke out against the power of the Republic and was commissioned by the doge Benedetto Gentile Pevere to manage the revolt together with Nicolò de Franchi. Appointed general commissioner, he actively participated, with the help of the already doge Cristoforo Grimaldi Rosso, in the repression of the Fieschi at the barricaded castle of Montoggio in the upper Scrivia valley. In 1548, always together with Grimaldi Rosso, he participated in the reconstruction of the dock of the port of Savona.
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The latter, in turn, lasted for only a week, after which Lodovico di Campofregoso was restored as doge: now the hate between Paolo, the city's archbishop, and Lodovico, the city's political chief, reached its apex. Paolo succeeded him as doge in January 1463 and had Lodovico detained in the castle of Castelletto. The following year, after a series of questionable deeds (such as menacing the expulsion of the Adorno family from Genoa, and the endless strife within the Fregoso family), the Council of the Elders deposed him, accepting the protection of the House of Sforza, which lasted until 1477.
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The meme is based on a 2010 photograph, and became popular in late 2013, being named as Know Your Memes "top meme" of that year. A cryptocurrency based on Doge, the Dogecoin, was launched in December 2013, and the Shiba Inu has been featured on Josh Wise's NASCAR car as part of a sponsorship deal. Doge has also been referenced by members of the United States Congress, a safety video for Delta Air Lines, a Google Easter egg, and the video for the song "Word Crimes" by "Weird Al" Yankovic. Toward the end of the decade, the meme saw a resurgence in popularity.
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Under Pietro IV Candiano (959–976) the Great Council of Venice appeared, a body that included the bishops of the Venetian territories and that approved all laws. The Latin cities of the Istrian and Dalmatian coast, threatened by Slavs, placed themselves under the authority of Venice, and the Byzantine emperor consented to the Doge assuming the title of Duke of Dalmatia. In 1001 the bishop Peter Martuseo, of the Quinta Bella family, built the church of San Agostino. In 1046 Bishop Domenico Gradenigo and Patriarch Orso Orscolo participated in the council of bishops in Saint Mark's called by the Doge Domenico Flabanico.
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Jacopo Foscari, son of the Doge of Venice, has twice been exiled, once for corruption and once for complicity in the murder of Donato, a member of the Council of Ten. He has been recalled from his second exile to answer the capital charge of treason, and as the play opens he is between sessions of interrogation on the rack. The Council decide to sentence him to a third exile, this time perpetual, rather than to death. His father, doge Francesco Foscari, signs the sentence of exile, though his spirit is broken by this new disgrace.
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The son of Giovanni Memmo and Bianca Sanudo, he was born into a family of average wealth. He went into business as a merchant and made a fortune through his careful management. As a prominent Venetian, he traversed the Venetian cursus honorum, becoming in turn, provveditore, podestà, and Procurator of St Mark's. He was set to become doge in 1606, but was not helped by the fact that the Memmo were one of the "vecchie" ("old"), Venetian noble families and every doge from 1382 on had been a member of one of the "nuove" ("new") Venetian noble families.
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Before becoming the Doge of the republic, Longo held the official positions of Magistrate of the war, senator and procurator of the Republic. He was elected doge on January 4, 1539, succeeding Giovanni Battista Doria, the sixth in biennial succession and the 51st in republican history. During the dogate he worked in particular to alleviate the consequences of the famine that had hit the city, establishing among other things the Magistrate of Mercy and granting benefits to the pawnshop. He was responsible for the construction of the Porta d'Archi, now remembered by the street that bears the same name.
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His election as doge, the forty-sixth in biennial succession and the ninety-first in republican history, took place on 25 April 1615. The coronation in the cathedral was celebrated on 8 June by the bishop of Ventimiglia, Gerolamo Curlo. Bernardo Clavarezza's dogate is mentioned in the annals of the Republic for the firmness undertaken by the doge himself in the choices and decisions of the state. Among his customs documents, a decree of 2 September 1616 is mentioned where he nipped a nascent Genoese "journalism", considered, from several fronts, merely linked to a possible espionage.
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The Republic of Venice began its Golden Age under the Doge Enrico Dandolo (1192–1205). Under him the French Crusading army of the Fourth Crusade was used to bring Trieste and Zara under Venetian sway, and then to obtain a large part of the Latin Empire of Constantinople along the east coast of the Adriatic, most of the Peloponnesus and settlements in the Sea of Marmora, the Black Sea and the Aegean. The relationship between the bishop, the patriarch and the doge was complex. The bishops of Olivolo, and then Castello, were technically suffragans of the Patriarch of Grado.
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78 It was a precursor to the shift in the balance of power between the doge and the people which was to lead to the formation of the Venetian Republic in the 12th century and the custom of the doge giving a ducal promissio (promissio domini ducis), an oath, on assuming power to be loyal to the Republic and to recognise the limitations to his powers created by the Republic. In 976 the people of Venice rebelled against Pietro. Betrolini argues that there was discontent with Pietro's foreign policy. The relations with Otto I led to economic sacrifices.
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Canevaro was appointed with a considerable majority of votes in the election to the Doge's office of 20 February 1742, the one hundred and eleventh in biennial succession and the one hundred and fifty-sixth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. At his coronation in the Cathedral of San Lorenzo, on 7 July 1742, the ceremony was officiated by Monsignor Agostino Saluzzo, bishop of the Diocese of Mariana and Accia. At the end of the two-year period on 20 February 1744, the former doge retired to private life.
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Son of Stefano De Mari, and Livia Maria Lercari, he was born in Genoa in 1653. On 9 September 1707 Domenico Maria De Mari was elected by the members of the Grand Council the new Doge of the Republic of Genoa with 374 votes out of 596, the ninety-fourth in biennial succession and the one hundred and thirty-ninth in republican history. On November 12th he was solemnly crowned in the Genoa Cathedral in the presence of the Bishop of Savona Vincenzo Maria Durazzo. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica.
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Ambrogio Imperiale held other public offices before the dogate, until the elections of October 4, 1719 which with a large majority consensus sanctioned his appointment as doge of Genoa, the hundredth in biennial succession and the one hundred and forty- fifth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. In his mandate, during 1721, the celebrations for the anniversary of the coronation of the Virgin Mary as queen of Genoa are remembered, an anniversary that took place every 25 years in Genoa. He ended his term on October 4, 1721.
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During his mandate as Doge, the eighty-fifth in biennial succession and the one hundred and thirtyth in republican history, some disagreements with the Spanish Governor of the neighbouring Duchy of Milan are remembered due to the blockade of the income of the Genoese nobles in that territory, on the other hand, the Doge had cordial relations with the Charles II, as the Spanish Empire was a great ally of the Genoese Republic. After the end of his Dogate on 1 September 1691, Oberto Della Torre retired to private life. He died in Genoa in 1698.
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Agostino Ardimenti was elected to the dogal title on January 4, 1555, the fourteenth in two-year succession and the ninety-ninth in republican history. After his mandate ended on January 4, 1557 he was appointed perpetual procurator by the supreme syndicators. Ardimenti died in Genoa in an attack in 1566, assassinated for an exchange of person by an assassin who had the task of killing the doge Luca Spinola. The instigator of the murder was Giovanni Stefano Lercari, son of the doge Lercari, as revenge against Luca Spinola for the alleged offenses suffered by his father after a speech in the Senate.
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Son of Giacomo Doria and Bettina De Franchi, he was born in Genoa around 1540. The family, extremely wealthy, descendant of the Admiral Lamba Doria, was made up of three male children, among them Nicolò Doria who was doge of Genoa in the biennium 1579-1581, and five sisters. He was the third member of the family to hold the highest dogal position after his older brother and uncle Giovanni Battista Doria in the two years 1537-1539. Doria was elected Doge of Genoa on February 24, 1601, the thirty-eighth in biennial succession and the eighty-third in republican history.
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After 1172 the election of the Venetian doge was entrusted to a committee of forty, who were chosen by four men selected from the Great Council of Venice, which was itself nominated annually by twelve persons. After a deadlocked tie at the election of 1229, the number of electors was increased from forty to forty-one. New regulations for the elections of the doge introduced in 1268 remained in force until the end of the republic in 1797. Their object was to minimize as far as possible the influence of individual great families, and this was effected by a complex elective machinery.
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Rubens, 1606 Giovanni Carlo Doria (1576-1625) (also Gio, Gian, or Giovan) was a Genoese art collector and mecenas of the early 17th century. A son of Agostino Doria, doge of Genoa in 1601-1603, he was a prominent member of one of the richest and most influential families of the Republic of Genoa; his brother Giovanni Stefano Doria (1578-1641) became the 101st doge of Genoa (1633-1635) and was considered the richest man in Italy in his day. Giovanni Carlo was married to Veronica Spinola, daughter of Ambrogio Spinola. He was given the Order of Santiago by Philip III of Spain.
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Drawing of the Doge's Palace, late 14th century In 810, Doge Agnello Participazio moved the seat of government from the island of Malamocco to the area of the present-day Rialto, when it was decided a palatium duci (Latin for "ducal palace") should be built. However, no trace remains of that 9th-century building as the palace was partially destroyed in the 10th century by a fire. The following reconstruction works were undertaken at the behest of Doge Sebastiano Ziani (1172–1178). A great reformer, he would drastically change the entire layout of the St. Mark's Square.
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Orio Mastropiero (died 13 June 1192), forename sometimes rendered as Aurio and surname as Malipiero, was a Venetian statesman who served as Doge of Venice from 1178 to 1192. He was elected by the Council of Forty in 1178 following the retirement of Sebastiano Ziani. Prior to this he had been an ambassador to Sicily in 1175, tasked with drawing up a treaty with King William II.Hodgson, p. 331 He had also been the electors' first choice for Doge following the death of Vitale II Michiel in 1172, but stepped aside in favour of Sebastiano Ziani, an older and wealthier man.
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168 in Venice. Carnivale is depicted in the 2009 video game Assassin's Creed II. The main character, Ezio Auditore, is assisted by the artist Leonardo da Vinci in hunting down and assassinating the corrupt Doge of Venice Marco Barbarigo during Carnivale; a golden mask, which Ezio must obtain to enter a private party held by the Doge, plays a significant role in this part of the game. Carnivale is also depicted in the 2005 video game Sly 3: Honor Among Thieves. The first episode of the game is set during the 2001 Carnivale, and large enemies wear masks.
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The first, Ducalis sedes/Stirps Mocenigo, can be dated to 1414 or 1415, since it is written in praise of Tommaso Mocenigo, who was elected doge of Venice in 1414. The second, Carminibus festos/O requies populi, was written for the doge Francesco Foscari, who assumed the post in 1423. The last, Aurea flammigera, he most likely wrote in praise of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga on his triumphant return from Milan in 1432. Antonius's single remaining secular composition is a ballata, Deh s'i t'amo con fede; only one voice survives from this composition, and it is without text.
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A second event came six years later in 1178 when the Concio lost significant control over the appointment of the doge. From that, the seven electors from this nominated no longer directly choose the Doge: they instead began to raffle four with the task of appointing the forty ducal actual voters. The Council of Forty sold out the task and then remained in power as an assembly of the government and as a supreme court. In 1207 the appointment of members of the Great Council was entrusted to a small group of three voters and then subsequently increased to seven in 1230.
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In 1032, Barbolano himself was deposed by those who wished to restore power to Otto Orseolo, but the former Doge lay dying in Constantinople and was unable to return from exile. Domenico Orseolo, a younger brother of Otto and a rather unpopular figure in Venice, attempted to seize the throne without waiting for the formality of an election, but as soon as he tried this, his many enemies, including those who pushed for the reinstatement of Otto, grew outraged that an Orseolo would assume the throne simply because he was the son of Pietro II. The power of the Doge was severely checked, and Domenico Flabanico, a successful merchant, was called by the people to the position of Doge. During his 11-year reign Flabanico enacted several key reforms that would restrict the power of future Doges, including a law forbidding the election of a son of a Doge.McClellan. The Oligarchy of Venice, pp. 39-43.
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The DAI claims that the Dalmatian Slavs asked Basil I to baptize them; the Christianization of the Narentines seems to have failed. According to Evans, the Narentines remained pagan until 873, when Byzantine admiral Ooryphas persuaded them to accept baptism. While Doge Orso I Participazio and his son Giovanni II Participazio made peace and an alliance with the Croats after 876, the Venetians were still at war with the Narentines. In 880 the Venetian–Frankish treaty was renewed. In 887 Doge Pietro I Candiano sent troops against the Narentine Slavs, landing at the "Slavic Hill" (mons Sclavorum), putting the Slavs to flight. The Narentines were defeated in a battle in August 887 at Makarska, and their five ships were destroyed with axes. With help from neighbours, the Narentines decisively defeated the Venetian navy on 18 September 887, with the Doge killed in action and his body left laying (Andrea Tribun later secretly took the body to Venice).
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Son of Spinetta I Fregoso and Benedetta Doria, and grandson of the former Doge Pietro Fregoso, he was born in the Genoese capital in a period around 1400. Despite the fact that his father exercised the role of podestà of Pera and then later as consul in Caffa, on behalf of the Republic of Genoa, Spinetta Fregoso spent his childhood and part of his adolescence in Genoa. The escape of the doge Prospero Adorno on July 17, 1461 led to the rise of the Fregoso as new successor of the dogal power, he appoints that of 18 July, the thirty-fifth in the history of republican Genoa, favored by the consent of the Genoese archbishop Paolo di Campofregoso. But the events that followed, among them the armed reaction of the cousin Lodovico Fregoso, soon forced the doge Spinetta to surrender and to renounce the dogate a few days later, in favor of Lodovico himself.
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Son of Federico De Franchi Toso, doge in the two-year period 1623–1625, and Maddalena Durazzo, he was born in Genoa around 1590. His dogal mandate, the sixty-fourth in biennial succession and the one hundred and nineteenth in republican history, was among the public events characterized by the attempted conspiracy of the noble Stefano Raggio against various exponents of the Genoese nobility and, among these, also the doge Giacomo De Franchi Toso. In the religious field the Doge Giacomo De Franchi Toso tried to assert his institutional role, and therefore of the sovereignty of the republic, repeatedly denouncing with abuse the official abuse of civil jurisdiction committed by the Genoese clergy, and in particular of Cardinal Stefano Durazzo which the Holy See removed from Genoa for a certain period. When the Dogate ceased on 1 August 1650 and appointed perpetual procurator, he still worked for the Genoese state, establishing economic relations with Bank of Saint George.
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Son of the former doge Giacomo Grimaldi Durazzo and Maria Maggiolo, he was born in Genoa in a period around 1560. Also thanks to the "hard" authoritarian and management policy started in Genoa and in the territories subject to it, in the Dogates of the beginning of the century by its predecessors, especially in the power struggles between rival families, the two-year period of the doge Pietro Durazzo is attested in the annals as overall quiet and of normal administration. Even in the international scenario, the political and economic relations of the Republic of Genoa with the great Italian and European powers, despite the increase in events and riots that would have led to the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, could be defined stable and unchanged. Having a huge popular and noble support, the doge Durazzo was able to concentrate fully on the great urban works started a few years earlier.
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Since this group was too large for efficient administration, a Council of Ten (also called the Ducal Council, or the Signoria), controlled much of the administration of the city. One member of the great council was elected "doge", or duke, to be the chief executive; he would usually hold the title until his death, although several Doges were forced, by pressure from their oligarchical peers, to resign and retire into monastic seclusion, when they were felt to have been discredited by political failure. The Venetian governmental structure was similar in some ways to the republican system of ancient Rome, with an elected chief executive (the doge), a senator-like assembly of nobles, and the general citizenry with limited political power, who originally had the power to grant or withhold their approval of each newly elected doge. Church and various private properties were tied to military service, although there was no knight tenure within the city itself.
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For example, a charter of Ivan Alexander given to the Venetian doge Andrea Dandolo in Nikopol on 4 October 1352 is kept in a Venetian translation in the archives of Venice. Ivan Alexander's signature has been preserved in its original form in Cyrillic.
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In the Deathly Hallows, Elphias Doge describes how his plans to travel the world with his friend Dumbledore were disrupted by the death of the latter's mother. Similarly, Professor Quirrell took time off to gain first-hand experience after a celebrated academic career.
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Svetoslav sent envoys to the city offering peace, but the Doge declined and decided to further his campaign. From here the island Pašman was taken and, with negotiations, the city of Biograd. Svetoslav's descendant, Dmitar Zvonimir, later became the Croatian king in 1074.
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Felicia Cornaro (died 1111), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Vitale I Michiel (r. 1096-1102). She was politically active and exerted an acknowledged influence over the affairs of state. She was a strong supporter of the First Crusade.
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As Lastovo was very infamous in the Venetian world for being a pirate haven, the Doge ordered it to be evacuated in order to be razed. After the denizens of Lastovo refused to concur, the Venetians attacked and razed it to the ground.
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The Castle of Monte Sant'Angelo in an early 20th-century photograph The Monte Sant'Angelo Castle is a castle in the Apulian city of Monte Sant'Angelo, Italy. Built around 837 by the Doge of Venice Orso I, it is currently used for exhibitions.
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She was succeeded by her son, who was in turn succeeded by her daughter. ;Issue: # Nicolò Venier, Lord of Paros, lord in 1518-1530. # Moisè Venier, married Elena Donà, father of Sebastiano Venier, Doge of Venice. # Cecilia Venier, lady in 1531-1537.
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Prospero Adorno (1428 in Genoa – 1485 in Asti) was the 34th Doge of the Republic of Genoa. Between 1477 and 1478 he was appointed Genoese governor for Gian Galeazzo Maria Sforza, after the submission of the Republic to the Duchy of Milan.
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Pietro IV Candiano (died 976) was the twenty-second (traditional) or twentieth (historical) doge of Venice from 959 to his death. He was the eldest son of Pietro III Candiano, with whom he co-reigned and whom he was elected to succeed.
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Marino Morosini's grave. Morosini was elected doge late in life, at the age of 68. At the time of his election, Morosini was the Procurator of Saint Mark's Basilica. During his political career, Morosini also held the position of Duke of Crete.
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The doge is the first character of the book. His name is Ludovico Manin, he is the last of Venice doges. He was considered the most important figure of the city. When the Austrians arrived, was considered guilty to have betrayed his nation.
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50 from the reign of Paolo Renier (1779–89), penultimate Doge of Venice. This denomination (on average) weighs and measures . The sequin (; Venetian and ) is a gold coin weighing of .986 gold, minted by the Republic of Venice from the 13th century onwards.
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Stephen's brother-in-law, Emperor Henry, died on 13 July 1024. He was succeeded by a distant relative, Conrad II (r. 1024–1039), who adopted an offensive foreign policy. Conrad II expelled Doge Otto Orseolothe husband of Stephen's sisterfrom Venice in 1026.
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He is interrupted by the sounds of a mob calling for blood. Paolo suspects that his kidnapping plot has failed. The Doge prevents anyone leaving the council chamber and orders the doors to be thrown open. A crowd bursts in, chasing Adorno.
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Paolo has been condemned to death for fighting with the rebels against the Doge. Fiesco is released from prison by the Doge's men. On his way to the scaffold, Paolo boasts to Fiesco that he has poisoned Boccanegra. Fiesco is deeply shocked.
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The Siege of Sidon was an event in the aftermath of the First Crusade. The coastal city of Sidon was captured by the forces of Baldwin I of Jerusalem and Sigurd I of Norway, with assistance from the Ordelafo Faliero, Doge of Venice.
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Paolina Loredano (fl. 1656), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Carlo Contarini (r. 1655-1656). Paolina Loredano was born to Lorenzo Loredano and married Carlo Contarini in 1600. She was known for her decision never to appear in any public ceremonial.
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Every Easter Monday the doge headed a procession from San Marco to the convent of San Zaccaria, where the abbess presented him a new camauro crafted by the nuns. The Doge's official costume also included golden robes, slippers and a sceptre for ceremonial duties.
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However, after the death of Carlo Contarini on 1 May 1656 (a reign that lasted barely more than a year), Cornaro was elected Doge on 17 May 1656, only to die a few weeks later on 5 June 1656. He is buried in the Tolentini.
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Ludovico Giovanni Manin (IPA /.ma'niŋ/, 14 May 1725 – 24 October 1802) was a Venetian politician, a Patrician of Venice and the last Doge of Venice. He governed the Venetian Republic from 9 March 1789 until 1797, when he was forced to abdicate by Napoleon Bonaparte.
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The Delfini (also found as Dolfin, Delfino, or Delfin) is a prominent noble family of Venice, part of the twelve original noble lineages of the Republic, known as the "apostolic families", thought to have elected the first Doge of Venice in the year 697 a.C.
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The Durazzo Family is a noble Italian family of Albanian origin who came from the city of Durrës in Albania. The Durazzo family assisted the Republic of Genoa on the development of many cities. Durazzo Family gave nine "Doge" to the city of Genoa.
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He became doge in 1343 at the age of 37.Madden. Page 202. Dandolo was known as a benefactor of the arts. To St Mark's Basilica he added the Chapel of San Isidoro, oversaw changes to the Pala d'Oro and expanded and beautified the Baptistery.
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173-174 (public domain) Venice lost nearly all of its territory on the Italian mainland, surrendering Conegliano and Treviso to Austria. Trieste was to be free, but should pay a yearly tribute to the Doge. With Padua, Venice agreed a mutual restitution of conquests.
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Most of the Crusader forces left Venice on 8 October. The two armies met near Pula and sailed together towards Zadar. Doge Dandolo was in no hurry as he planned on staying in Zadar over winter.Nada Klaić, Ivo Petricioli: Zadar u Srednjem vijeku do 1409.
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The Moro family settled in Venice in the mid-12th century when Stephanus Maurus, a great-grandson of Maurus, built a church on the island of Murano. Cristoforo was the eleventh person from the family to be elected doge. His dogaressa was Cristina Sanudo.
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He returned on the death of Giustiniano Participazio in 832 with a band of faithful men to reclaim the dogeship. He landed at Vigilia, near Malamocco, but the legitimate doge, Giovanni Participazio, razed the two cities and killed Obelerio, displaying his head in the market.
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Monument of the Doge Pietro Mocenigo 1481 Putti with shields, Victoria and Albert Museum, 1500 :Pietro Lombardo is also the Italian version of the name of the theologian Peter Lombard. Pietro Lombardo (1435–1515) was an Italian"Pietro Lombardo." Encyclopædia Britannica. Web. 18 Jun. 2011.
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Monument to Doge Mocenigo Tullio Lombardo (c. 1455 – November 17, 1532), also known as Tullio Solari, was an Italian Renaissance sculptor. He was the brother of Antonio Lombardo and son of Pietro Lombardo.Boglewood The Lombardo family worked together to sculpt famous Catholic churches and tombs.
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The Council of Ten was created in 1310 by Doge Pietro Gradenigo.Chambers & Pullan, p. 55. Originally created as a temporary body to investigate the plot of Baiamonte Tiepolo and Marco Querini, the powers of the Council were made formally permanent in 1455.Edwards, p. 20.
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Coat of arms of Jacopo Contarini Jacopo Contarini (1194-1280) was the 47th Doge of Venice, from 6 September 1275 to his abdication on 6 March 1280. Although he came from one of the most illustrious Venetian families, Contarini was not considered an influential person and he was probably chosen as a compromise between the two major factions. Being already in his eighties and unable to face the position's challenges - a revolt in Istria and Crete and a war with Ancona - he abdicated as Doge after five years and retired to a monastery, where he died the same year. He was probably buried in the church of Frari.
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Francesco Pisani presented by John the Baptist to Christ who blesses him. Veronese, "Transfiguration" Francesco Pisani (1494 – 28 June 1570) was an Italian Cardinal, born in Venice, the son of Alvise Pisani the noted banker, who was Procurator of S. Mark's, a member of the Council of Ten, and a Councilor of the Doge of Venice; and Cecilia Giustinian. He had a brother named Giovanni (Zuan), who also became Procurator of S. Marks' and was a Venetian diplomat; he was married to the sister of Doge Andrea Gritti. He was a strong supporter of the alliance between Venice, France and the Papacy, called the League of Cognac.
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On 4 April 1423, the Doge Tommaso Mocenigo died at a critical juncture: the next Doge would have to make decisions affecting the course of the Republic, particularly regarding the continued expansion in the Terraferma or a reaffirmation of the traditional maritime policy. A successful commander, well educated and a capable orator, Loredan had all the prerequisites necessary for the position, but in the end it was his old rival, Francesco Foscari, who was elected. The two men were fierce rivals, their political differences reinforced by personal relationships. Thus two of Loredan's daughters, Maria and Marina, were married to Francesco Barbaro and Ermolao Donà respectively, both of them opponents of Foscari.
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Svetoslav's reign was particularly unpleasant for the Dalmatian cities, as they were occasionally raided and pillaged by his supporters. The cities asked the Venetian Republic for help in autumn of 999, which encouraged Venice to make a pact with the Byzantine Empire in order to secure the cities for themselves.Ferdo Šišić, Povijest Hrvata u vrijeme narodnih vladara, 1925, Zagreb Using events like the casus belli, the Venetian Doge Pietro II Orseolo launched a campaign in Dalmatia against Croatia in 1000. During May, Croatia lost the islands Cres, Lošinj, Krk and Rab to the Doge, who was eventually received in Zadar and recognised as its master.
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Pietro's work as an architect is seen in numerous churches, the Ca' Vendramin Calergi (1481, with Mauro Codussi), the doge 's palace (1498), the facade (1485) of the scuola of St. Mark's, Venice and the cathedral of Cividale del Friuli (1502); but he is now more famous as a sculptor, often in collaboration with his sons; he executed the tomb of the doge Mocenigo (1478) in the church of San Giovanni e Paolo at Venice, and a bas-relief for the tomb of Dante at Ravenna, and in 1483 began the beautiful decorations in the church of Santa Maria dei Miracoli, Venice, which is associated with his workshop.
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The dogeship of Domenico was dominated by the Genoese bid to dispute the sole control of the Kingdom of Cyprus. The Genoese fleet conquered the island in 1372 under the command of the brother of the doge, Pietro Fregoso and even managed to storm the capital city of Famagosta. While the Mediterranean sea was alive with the conflict between commercial rivals, Genoa also had to contend with the restlessness of the Ligurian countryside and North African pirates. In 1378, while he was fighting off the mercenary company known as the Star, the popular party withdrew its support to the doge and called for Antoniotto Adorno.
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Despite this set back, he managed to force the new doge to give him the control of the city, albeit at the condition he would not try to regain his former office. Yet on September 3, 1394, Antoniotto Adorno secretly gathered an assembly and was elected doge for the fourth time. A new danger arose when, on November 17, 1394, confronted with internal strife and rather than remaining under Genoese domination, the neighbouring city of Savona gave itself to the king of France. Antoniotto confronted with the danger of the rise of a French-backed Savona, in his turn offered the sovereignty of Genoa to the king.
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Michiel tried to reason with the mob, however, he found himself alone, and attempted to flee to a religious sanctuary in the city where he was eventually overtaken and stabbed to death by a man named Marco Casolo. This killing did nothing to quell the angers of the Venetian people; if anything it only depressed them. Michiel's assassin was then publicly executed, but this, too, did nothing to assuage the Venetian people, who were now overcome with regret. The death of the Doge resulted in the election of 11 men to a commission, made up of the old sapienti, who would in turn elect to next Doge.
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The Faliero Coup was a failed 1355 coup designed to overthrow Venice's established republican government. Strains between the Venetian commoners and the nobility, originally stemming from the catastrophic failure of the nobility in the Battle of Porto-Longo against Venice's long-time rival, Genoa, are largely considered to be the main cause for the coup. However, traditional stories also point to the marriage of Doge Marino Faliero as a possible cause for the coup. Faliero, an 81 year old man, had recently taken a young bride, who was rumored to be engaged in multiple affairs, including with Michele Steno, a Venetian statesman and future Doge.
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Lauw, Louisa: The Dogaressa In June 1786, she visited the waters of Recoaro in Valdagno as dogaressa under the treatment of Doctor Girolamo Festari. As dogaressa, she let out the pavement of the della Paglia bridge, for artists' shops, and obtained 1,000 zecchini for letting the Priorato della Gadi Bio. Margherita was said to damage the reputation and popularity of the doge. Margherita is known for a story about her dislike of the sound of church bells: her consort allegedly paid the abbey near the doge palace not to ring the bells, and whenever he was late with the payment, the convent rang the bells.
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A report on The Daily Dot in December 2016 found that Doge's popularity peaked in 2014 and then fell due to "overexposure and co-option by advertisers and mainstream 'normies'", but remained stable since then and returned to Tumblr's top 10 shared memes of the year in 2016. Several media publications included Doge on a list of memes that helped define Internet culture in the 2010s, and wrote on the meme's influence of further online developments, such as DoggoLingo and WeRateDogs. Evan McMurry of ABC News and Stacey Ritzen of The Daily Dot both ranked Doge as the number-one meme of the 2010s.
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In 802 a faction that was friendly to the Franks came to power in Malamocco, and sent the Doges Giovanni and Maurizio II into exile, along with the bishop of Olivolo. In 810 a Byzantine fleet helped restore the party that favored Byzantium, and Angelo I Participazzo was made doge. An attempt by the Franks to conquer the Venetian Lagoon failed, and after long negotiations it was agreed that Venice fell in the Byzantine sphere, while Venetian merchants could trade throughout the western empire. The Doge made his seat on the island of Rialto, and with the surrounding islands including Olivolo the new state started to take the name of Venetiae.
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He also followed both military and political careers in the service of the Republic, leading troops at sea and on the mainland. He served as ambassador to Emperor Charles IV and Pope Clement VI, and was also a member of the Venetian delegation to the election of Pope Urban V in Avignon. Cornaro was instrumental in the discovery and suppression of the attempted coup d'état in 1355 by the then doge Marino Faliero, who intended to declare himself prince of Venice. Following the dissolution of the plot and execution of the conspirators, Cornaro was briefly made vice-doge before a successor to Faliero could be appointed.
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As the Venetian court was having conflicts with the Jesuits, Boym discarded his habit and dressed up as a Chinese Mandarin, before he arrived in Venice in December of that year. Although he had managed to cross uncharted waters and unknown lands, his mission there would not be easy, as the political intrigues at the European courts proved to be extremely complicated. Initially the Doge of Venice refused to grant Boym an audience, as Venice wanted to maintain a neutral stance in regards to China. Boym managed to convince the French ambassador to support his cause, and the Doge finally saw Boym and accepted the letter.
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Memmo used the years of Donato's reign to maneuver behind the scenes, swinging into high gear following Donato's death on 16 July 1612. When the election was held on July 24, 1612, Memmo was elected on the first ballot, with 38 of the 41 votes, a shock to the nuove faction that had dominated the position of Doge for centuries. Great festivals were organized to celebrate Memmo's victory, and, like previous Doges, he would use the celebrations that attended great holidays as a way to curry favor with the population of Venice. Little of note happened in Memmo's reign as Doge, except for an incursion of Uskoci pirates in 1613.
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From their circle these determined three administrators of state, or 'Avogadori di Commun', one of whom would be a council of the Doge, the other two were elected by the senators. The three 'Avogadori' retained numerous informers, informants and henchmen, paid for from their own cash funds, and kept no records. The senate election to the council were for one year terms, but the term commencement dates varied, so the Council composition changed monthly, but gradually. Doge Antonio Priuli, Alvise Contarini, Francesco Molin and Battista Nani were all possible Papists, but the number of Papist members of the Council in 1622 cannot be determined.
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Son of Giacomo Doria and Bettina De Mari, and member of the wealthy Doria family, he was born in Genoa presumably around 1525. On 20 October 1579 he was therefore elected Doge of the Republic, the twenty-seventh position since the biennial reform and the seventy-second in republican history. The new doge Nicolò Doria was therefore called to revive a Genoa, and its republic, devastated by a civil war between the noble factions, but which also had repercussions on the Genoese population and on the international scene. After the end of his Dogate, Doria was then appointed perpetual procurator and representative of the Magistrate of Corsica.
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Elected on 23 August 1685, the new doge of Genoa, the eighty-third in biennial succession and the one hundred and twenty-eighth in republican history, the mandate of Pietro Durazzo was dedicated almost entirely to the reconstruction of the Genoese capital after the devastating French naval bombardment of a year earlier. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. With the end of the Dogate's term, on 23 August 1687, which was followed by his appointment as perpetual prosecutor, he continued to serve the state in various positions. Durazzo died in Genoa on 31 July 1699.
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The election of the Grand Council of 20 January 1730 brought Francesco Maria Balbi to the highest office of the state, the one hundred and fifth Doge of Genoa in biennial succession and the one hundred and fiftieth in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. And his two-year mandate was mostly focused, like his predecessors, in managing the various unrest that broke out on the island of Corsica. Once the Dogate ceased from 20 January 1732, he still held various public positions in the maritime offices, among the Inquisitors of State and reviser of the Chalices.
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His Dogate was remembered by historians as "rigorous" for the economy of the Genoese state. As doge he had to face again the problem of Corsica which returned under the unique power of the Republic, no longer therefore of the Bank of Saint George, as well as other "mainland" towns and cities. In the two years that led the government of Genoa, he promoted a real policy of saving public finances and, more importantly for the doge himself, to cancel or almost cancel the Genoese insolvency, both of the state and its citizens, against creditors. After his mandate ended in January 1563 he was appointed perpetual procurator.
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In Venice, doges normally ruled for life, although a few were forcibly removed from office. While doges had great temporal power at first, after 1268, the doge was constantly under strict surveillance: he had to wait for other officials to be present before opening dispatches from foreign powers; he was not allowed to possess any property in a foreign land. After a doge's death, a commission of ' passed judgment upon his acts, and his estate was liable to be fined for any discovered malfeasance. The official income of the doge was never large, and from early times holders of the office remained engaged in trading ventures.
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Son of Bartolomeo Fregoso and Caterina Ordelaffi, daughter of the lord of Forlì Antonio I Ordelaffi, he was born in Genoa around 1405. Grandson of the three-time doge Tomaso di Campofregoso. Giano Fregoso was educated in literary subjects, politics, use of weapons and in the management of the flourishing commercial traffic that his family had in the Genoese colonies in the east. Precisely on behalf of his uncle-doge he fought between 1436 and 1437 in the Alessandrian domains of the Republic of Genoa conquering the local castle of Voltaggio, destroying the troops of the Duchy of Milan of Filippo Maria Visconti and other victorious clashes in Gavi.
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But, except for updating the name of the doge and the addition of the reverse legend, TIBI LAVS 3 GLORIA, by Doge Michele Steno, there were no significant changes in the grosso for one hundred and fifty years. Indeed, around 1237 the doge’s coronation oath included a promise that he would not change the coinage without authorization from the council.Alan M. Stahl, Zecca the mint of Venice in the Middle Ages, page 23 Change did come, however. Between 1340 and 1370, increases in the price of silver forced most of the doges to stop issuing grossi, and the others to issue only a few.
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While the doge's palace in Venice accumulated great furnishings and works of art over the years, in Genoa, each Doge was expected to arrive with his own furnishings and, when he left, to strip the palace to its bare walls. In the 16th century, the republic enjoyed a dramatic revival under the leadership of the admiral, statesman and patron of the arts Andrea Doria who ruled the state as a virtual dictator but never actually became doge. It was through the Spanish empire in the New World that Genoa became rich again. And the bankers of Genoa handled Spain's financial business, which vastly enriched Genoa's banking oligarchy.
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A crude form of score votingJames S. Fishkin: The Voice of the People: Public Opinion & Democracy, Yale University Press 1995 was apparently used in some elections in ancient Sparta, by measuring how loudly the crowd shouted for different candidates. This has a modern-day analog of using clapometers in some television shows and the judging processes of some athletic competitions. The Republic of Venice elected the Doge in a multi- round system, with the round that actually named the Doge being a three point score election (For, Neutral, Against). This process was used continually, with only minor changes, for over 500 years, until the republic was conquered by Napoleon.
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Francesco Guardi, "The audience allowed by the Doge of Venice in the hall of the Collegio in Palazzo Ducale", painting on canvas, Musée du Louvre, Paris The Signoria of Venice (Serenissima Signoria) was the supreme body of government of the Republic of Venice. The older Commune of Venice, was replaced by the Signoria from 1423 on, being later officially adopted in the Promissione Ducale by Cristoforo Moro (12 May 1462). It constituted a center of power which included the doge's power. The Signoria can be thought of as the combination of the Doge and the other persons commissioned to collaborate and to rule with him.
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139-140 During Domagoj's reign, piracy in the Adriatic Sea became a common practice, and Venetian ships were often attacked in the eastern Adriatic, which caused bad relations with Venice. At the time of Domagoj's succession, Venice, under Doge Pietro Tradonico, began taking a more active role in the Adriatic Sea, and gained more independence from the Byzantine Empire. Pietro Tradonico was killed in 864, and was succeeded by Orso I Participazio. As soon as he came to power, the new Doge of Venice broke the long lasting peace treaty signed with Duke Mislav and attacked Croatia, which was still occupied with fighting over Trpimir's inheritance.
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The origin of the popular assembly is uncertain. Assemblies of free men were already in existence in the 6th–7th centuries in various cities of maritime Venice for the election of local magistrates (or tribunes). Although the Venetian traditions called for a general meeting of Venetians, in 697 the appointment of the first Doge, Paolo Lucio Anafesto, would have been the prerogative of the Byzantine Emperor through the Exarchate of Ravenna. The first actual election was probably that of the third Doge, Orso Ipato, when in 726 the Venetians, rejecting measures imposed by iconoclasts of the 'Byzantine emperor Leo III the Isaurian, chose their own leadership autonomously.
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Born in Venice, he was the eldest of five sons of Antonio Grimani, the oldest elected Doge of Venice, and his wife Catarina Loredan. Antonio was elected doge in 1521, when Domenico was already a cardinal. He exhibited an early predilection for humanist studies, which was encouraged by teachers in his native Venice and then in the ambit of the Medicean academy in Florence, where he moved in the circle of Lorenzo de' Medici among scholars like Pico della Mirandola and Poliziano. He obtained a doctorate in canon law at the University of Padua on 23 October 1487 and was elected a Senator of Venice that same year.
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A five-year truce was signed, confirming the status quo. In 1124 Stephen II again attacked the Venetian holdings and regained Biograd, Split, Šibenik and Trogir, but Zadar and the islands remained under Venetian control. However, in 1125 Doge Domenico Michele reconquered those cities and razed Biograd.
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Coat of arms of Michele Steno His tomb in Venice. ducat mint under Michele Steno (1400). Michele Steno (Michiel Sten in Venetian Language; 1331 – December 26, 1413) was a Venetian statesman who served as the 63rd Doge of Venice from December 1, 1400 until his death.
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Matelda (d. after 1117), was the Dogaressa of Venice by-marriage to the Doge Ordelafo Faliero (r. 1102-1117). She is said to have been the cousin or sister of King Baldwin I of Jerusalem. Matelda has traditionally been described as an ideal of spousal fidelity.
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She brought a large dowry and valuable contacts to several leading families within the Venetian textile industry. She had only one child, the son Nicolò, who died young, unmarried and childless. In 1462, her spouse was elected doge. Cristina Sanudo engaged herself in the textile industry.
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Nicolò, once more, headed towards Finale, but the local lord, the marquis Del Carretto, had changed camp and he delivered him to the new doge. Nicolò was sent to the castle of Lirici as a prisoner and died there maybe as early as the summer of 1384.
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He may have had some close relationship with the Doge Reniero Zeno, to whom an extensive portion of his work is dedicated, including events before his election to the dogate. The chronicle ends on September 1275, which is also the last date attested for his life.
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The date of his victory became that of the Festa della Sensa, the Ascension Festival, the oldest festival in Venice. It was commemorated by the Doge and the bishop of Olivolo going past the Lido and blessing the waters, invoking good fortune for the Venetian navy.
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Giovanni Pesaro (September 1, 1589 – September 30, 1659) was the 103rd Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on April 8, 1658 until his death.Inquisitori e mistici nel seicento italiano:l'eresia di Santa Pelagia The Cretan War (1645–1669) was ongoing for the entirety of his brief reign.
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But, one condition was made: Naxos could only go to a Venetian after Sanudo's death.J.K. Fotheringham, op. cit., p. 46-47. In July 1205, Sanudo left for Venice, carrying the news of the death of the Doge, and also to get the confirmation of his conquest.
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On 25 May at Montagnana, Ubertinello agreed to wed his bastard daughter Gentile to Mastino's illegitimate son. The alliance was sealed. That very month, Lemizio, an illegitimate brother of William Dente, also arrived in Venice. He accused Ubertinello before the doge and launched a proceeding against him.
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In 1685 he was appointed supreme syndicator. In the customs elections of August 27, 1687, his name won with four discarding votes compared to the other candidate, the Magnificent Bendinelli Negrone. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica.
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The doge, Vitale II Michiel, responded forcefully. He sent a powerful fleet to Grado, which he surrounded and captured. He took Ulrich prisoner and destroyed several of his castles in Friuli. He brought Ulrich and twelve of his canons back to Venice, with seven hundred captives.
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Coat of arms of the Foscari family, incorporating Venice's Lion of Saint Mark Francesco Foscari (1373–1457), Doge of Venice The Foscari () were an ancient Venetian patrician family, which reached its peak in the 14th–15th centuries, culminating in the dogeship of Francesco Foscari (1423–1457).
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He was son of the eighteenth Doge, Orso II Participazio. It seems that during his reign he did nothing worthy of note; he died three years after his election and was buried in the Felice church Saint di Ammiana, where his father was buried before him.
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Following the Fourth Crusade and the signature of the ', Corfu came under Venetian rule.Herrin & Saint-Guillain, p. 82. In 1207 though, doge Pietro Ziani ceded the island as a ' to ten Venetian nobles, provided that they demonstrate loyalty and devotion and that they pay taxes.Miller, p. 88.
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Increasing trade followed the doge and found in the deep Grand Canal a safe and ship accessible canal-port. Drainage reveals that the city became more compact over time: at that time the Canal was wider and flowed between small, tide-subjected islands connected by wooden bridges.
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Villa Foscarini Rossi Villa Foscarini Rossi is a Baroque-style aristocratic rural palace located at Via Doge Pisani 1/2, along the Riviera del Brenta, at Stra on the mainland of the Veneto, northern Italy. The Villa now houses a museum of shoes (Museo Rossimoda della Calzatura).
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Gabriele Adorno (1320–1383death date according to G. Petti Balbi, Lexikon des Mittelalters, vol. 1, 1980, , col. 165.) was the fourth Doge of Genoa. A member of the noble Adorno family, he was elected on 14 March 1363 to succeed Simone Boccanegra, who had died in office.
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The plot of Donna Leon's 2000 Detective Mystery novel Friends in High Places, set in contemporary Venice, involves present-day (fictional) descendants of the Dolfin Family, who are inordinately proud of their descent from the 13th Century Doge (and who have little else to be proud of).
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Medal struck in Nuremberg in 1688 in honour of Morosini's conquest of the Morea and his election as Doge of Venice On 3 April 1688, Morosini was elected as the new Doge of Venice, but retained command of the Venetian forces in Greece. The Senate made great efforts to replenish its forces in Greece, but once again, the need to await the expected reinforcements delayed the start of operations until the end of June. Despite the failure of the Athens expedition, the fortunes of war were still favourable: the Ottomans were reeling from a series of defeats in Hungary and Dalmatia: following the disastrous Battle of Mohács, in November 1687, a mutiny broke out that resulted in the dismissal and execution of the Grand Vizier Sarı Süleyman Pasha and even the deposition of Sultan Mehmed IV (), who was replaced by his brother Suleiman II (). Several of Morosini's councillors suggested the moment opportune to attempt a reconquest of Crete, but the new Doge refused, and insisted on a campaign against Negroponte.
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The coronation ceremony was celebrated on 13 September 1779 inside the Church of Santi Ambrogio and Andrea, as the hall of the Grand Council of the Palazzo Ducale was not accessible due to the fire of 1777, and the subsequent reconstruction work. The first term of the Doge Brignole was marked by a violent smallpox epidemic which quickly spread throughout the Republican territory and from the numerous incursions of Barbary pirates along the coasts of Liguria. A fortunate expedition against the raiders, arranged by Gerolamo Durazzo, brother-in-law of Brignole, allowed the captain Giovanni De Marchi to kidnap several Xebecs and to capture more than fifty prisoners in the waters in front of Bordighera. The doge ceased on March 4, 1781, the former Doge entered in the junta of the Borders and then in that of the Jurisdiction; from 1788 to 1796 he was the headmaster of the state inquisitors and in this capacity he managed to approve, at the end of 1790, a new stricter regulation of censorship.
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Doge Justinian Partecipacius (d. 829) used the title imperialis hypatus et humilis dux Venetiae, imperial consul and humble duke of Venice.J. B. Bury, A History of the Eastern Roman Empire from the Fall of Irene to the Accession of Basil I (A.D. 802–867) (Macmillan, 1912), p. 327.
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The Palazzo in 1828 The original palace was built in the 14th century. It was redesigned in Venetian Gothic style for the Pisani family in 1475. In 1525, it became the private residence of Doge Andrea Gritti. The second facade on the Campo was designed in the 16th century.
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Loredana Marcello (died 12 December 1572) was a Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Alvise I Mocenigo (r. 1570-1577). She was an author of letters and poetry and studied botany, and was regarded as a model of an educated and cultivated renaissance woman in contemporary Venice.
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They were transported in 20 Venetians galleys. They were led by Nicholas Tiepolo, the son of the Doge Lorenzo Tiepolo, who was assisted by the returning Jean and Roux of Sully.Runciman, p.409 Jean was present as the Commander of the French king's troops at the fall of Acre.
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In the second version (1868) the two doges have to collect a cup from a mast, Malatromba winning and becoming doge. As consolation Cornarini is sent as Venetian ambassador to Spain, with Amoroso as his secretary (to the pleasure of Catarina), and the opera ends with a boléro.
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Marco Cornaro (c. 1286 – 13 January 1368), also known as Marco Corner, was the 59th doge of Venice, ruling between 1365 and 1368. His brief reign saw the loss of Venetian territory to Genoa and the Ottoman Empire, though Venice was to enjoy economic growth during this time.
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He was helped in the negotiations by Andrea Gritti, a Venetian who had been conducting trade in Constantinople and would later become doge of Venice himself. Venice paid a high price for this treaty including loss of land and a requirement to pay an annual tribute to the Turks.
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In 1002 Bari was besieged from 2 May until October, when they were rescued by Pietro Orseolo (II), the Doge of Venice.Lupus Protospatarius: Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores, Tomus V (Hannover 1844), p. 56. In 933 Pope John XI granted the bishops of Bari the use of the pallium.
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Its design was by Gentile Bellini. A fire in 1485 destroyed these works. Influenced by Antonello da Messina, Rizzo's style evolved to a geometrization of forms and clearer volumes. The statues of Adam and Eve in the Arco Foscari, and the Monument to the Doge Tron are outstanding.
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New York: Barnes & Noble (reprint orig. 1898 London). In 751, the Lombard King Aistulf conquered most of the Exarchate of Ravenna, leaving Venice a lonely and increasingly autonomous Byzantine outpost. During this period, the seat of the local Byzantine governor (the "duke/dux", later "doge"), was at Malamocco.
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Francesco Foscari (19 June 1373 – 1 November 1457) was the 65th Doge of the Republic of Venice from 1423 to 1457. His reign, the longest of all Doges in Venetian history, lasted 34 years, 6 months and 8 days, and coincided with the inception of the Italian Renaissance.
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The present palace was built in the 17th century on the site of a previous Gothic building of the 14th century. The palace was heavily remodeled in later periods. A large terrace with a balustrade was added on top in 1924. Dandolo is the name of a Doge family.
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The Council, which met at least weekly, had the power to impose punishments upon nobles, including banishment and capital punishment. Doge Marino Faliero was executed on the council's orders in 1355, and Count of Carmagnola was executed on the council's orders in 1432.Chambers & Pullan, pp. 55-56.
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Finally, on 22 May, he left Venice with Ali Bey for Constantinople, bearing the draft treaty and a letter by the Doge to the Sultan. After the ratification of the treaty by the Sultan, he returned to Venice, making his report in the Senate on 2 December 1503.
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The internal decoration preserves original 16th century elements, such as the portals, the frescoes in the piano nobile showing the achievements of Doge Ambrogio Di Negro against the Corsicans, and the grotesque paintings in the other rooms. Some 18th century elements are also visible, such as stucco decorations.
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Giovanni Dolfin, also known as Giovanni Delfino or Delfin (died 12 July 1361) was the fifty-seventh Doge of Venice, appointed on August 13, 1356. Despite his value as general, during his reign Venice lost Dalmatia. He was blind from one eye after a wound received in battle.
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Giovanni Guido Agrippa (active c. 1501), was an Italian medalist active in Venice. Very little is known of the artist; he was in the service of the Doge Leonardo Loredan, on whose behalf he made commemorative medals, which were probably for his inauguration in 1501. One, titled A Triumph, with Venice Crowning Leonardo Loredano as Doge is held at the US National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. The other is in the collection of the British Museum The Yale Art Gallery also has a medal It is assumed he was a member of the lower nobility, as one of the medals is signed "knight"; and it was not the custom for artists to receive titles at that time.
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On 2 September 1276, the Venetian ambassadors, Marco Bembo and Matteo Gradenigo, received authority to conduct negotiations and conclude an agreement. Contarini was careful to avoid terms that might give offense to Palaiologos, omitting the title "Lord of one-quarter and one-eighth of the Empire of Romania" claimed since the Fourth Crusade, and limiting himself to the title of "Doge of Venice, Dalmatia, and Croatia, Dalmatia, and lord of the places and islands subject to his Dogate" (). Likewise, the Doge was careful to address Palaiologos as "Emperor of the Romans" () and "the New Constantine" (). Gradenigo died during the long negotiations, and the agreement was finally concluded by Bembo alone on 19 March 1277.
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Marina Galina and Michele Steno where both old when they became dogaressa and doge, but both was described as youthful people who enjoyed the latest fashion and parties, and their tenure hosted a spectacular court life at the Doge Palace. She as well as her spouse were members of the famous cultural society Compagnia della Calza. The Compagnia was a club composed of aristocratic males and female associates interested in fashion, and its purpose was to organize State pageants, receptions of foreign princes and ambassadors, performances of games and plays, and the attendance at solemn Ecclesiastical functions.Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges, London : T. W. Laurie She was widowed in 1413.
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Penitent Magdalene It is argued that Domenico's greatest contribution to the history of painting resides in his portraiture. Domenico painted Margarita of Austria who became Queen of Spain through her marriage to Philip II. Other commissioned portraits include the Duchess Margarita, the widow of Duke Alfonso II of Ferrara, the Doge Pasquale Cicogna, Doge Marino Grimani, Marc'Antonio Memmo, Giovanni Bembo, Luigi d’Este, the Count d’Aron and Vincenzo I Gonzaga, the 4th Duke of Mantua. According to Carlo Ridolfi and the evidence of surviving portraits such as that of Sir John Finet, future Master of Ceremonies to Charles I he painted many English visitors to Venice, including the Collector Earl of Arundel and his wife and children.
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As the Grimaldis did not go out at sea to oppose the Republic's galleys, the doge sent the navy to support the island of Chios, then a Genoese colony, which was besieged by Jani Beg, khan of the Golden Horde. The fleet also managed to reconquer the city of Phocea and its important alum mines on September 20, 1346. Upon his return, the admiral did not receive the very large amount of money initially promised to him as payment for his galleys. Consequently, the doge had to agree to entrust Simone Vignoso and a group of his associates with the governorship of Chios, granting them at the same time the fiscal revenues from the island for twenty years.
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The Doge of Genoa at Versailles on 15 May 1685 Reparation faite à Louis XIV par le Doge de Gênes.15 mai 1685 by Claude Guy Halle, Versailles In 1682, François Pidou de Saint Olon became the first French resident envoy to the Republic of Genoa,Europa triumphans: court and civic festivals in early modern Europe J. R. Mulryne p.240 Note 14 and he was actively involved in the bombardment: indeed he communicated precious information to the French about the defence of Genoa and the position of the batteries of guns, being practically a spy. The Republic of Genoa came under French influence for the next 100 years, although it remained independent and became neutral.
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A widower, Contarini retired to the Val Nogaredo to spend his final years in peace. But then, Doge Giovanni Pesaro died suddenly on September 30, 1659, with no obvious successor. There were no strong candidates, only three weaklings: Alvise Contarini, Andrea Pisani, and Lorenzo Dolfin. The electors were split. According to the custom of the Republic of Venice, the Doge was elected by a group of 41 electors, chosen basically at random. Unable to settle on one of the candidates, and dissatisfied with the selections available, a compromise was worked out, and, on the eighth ballot, cast on October 16, 1659, 40 votes were cast for Domenico Contarini, breaking the impasse, and recalling Contarini from his retirement.
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Tintoretto, Portrait of Procurator Antonio Cappello (ca. 1561). One of the major proponents of urban renewal of Saint Mark's Square, Cappello was elected procurator de supra in 1523, at the age of only 29, following the payment of 8,000 ducats. The office of procurator of Saint Mark, considered second only to that of the doge in prestige, was one of the few lifetime appointments in the Venetian government.Cappelletti, Relazione storica sulle magistrature venete, p. 99Da Mosto, L'Archivio di Stato di Venezia…, p. 25 It was routinely occupied by nobles belonging to the most influential families and typically represented the climax of a distinguished political career, although it was often an intermediate position prior to election as doge.
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Conflicts between Venetians and Croats, as well as other Slavic nations or tribes on the Adriatic coast, including Narentines, began very early, in the 7th and 8th century, because the Venetians demanded free passage for their merchant galleys and did not want to pay taxes to Croats. In the 9th century Venetian Doge Giovanni I Participazio fought against Narentines, but concluded a peace treaty in 830. A few years later another warfare broke out, but ended with a new peace treaty of 839 among Doge Pietro Tradonico, Duke Mislav of Croatia and Prince Družak (Drosaico) of the Narentines. Occasional hostilities started again a bit later and repeated several times during next years.
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Returning to the Genoese capital in 1567, Simone Spinola, on October 15 of the same year, was elected by the Grand Council new Doge of the Republic of Genoa, the twenty-first since the biennial reform and the sixty-sixth in republican history. The benevolent efforts that led to a reconciliation of the relations between the Genoese republic and its colony of Corsica are mentioned in the annals of the main and relevant facts of its stave. He had not yet completed his mandate when, suddenly, Doge Spinola died in Genoa on October 3, 1569. The body was buried in the mausoleum of the chapel of Santa Caterina da Siena inside the no longer existing church of San Domenico.
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Starting from Doge Pietro II Orseolo, who ruled Venice from 991 AD, Venetian attention towards mainland Veneto was definitely overshadowed by a strong push towards the control of the Adriatic Sea. Inner strife was pacified, and trade with the Byzantine Empire boosted by the favourable treaty (Grisobolus or Golden Bull) with Emperor Basil II. The imperial edict granted Venetian traders freedom from taxation paid by other foreigners and the Byzantines themselves. In 1000 AD an expedition of Venetian ships in coastal Istria and Dalmatia secured Venetian suzerainty in the area, and the Narentine pirates were suppressed permanently. On the occasion Doge Orseolo named himself "Duke of Dalmatia", starting the colonial empire of Venice.
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Guano came to the power of the republic on March 29, 1415 after the brief jurisdiction of the government of the two priors, headed by Tomaso di Campofregoso, future doge, and Jacopo Giustiniani. For his election, the rules of the new Genoese republican constitution, launched during the Dogate of Giorgio Adorno, which after a special council of eight hundred men sanctioned the regular acclamation of Barnaba Guano as twenty- third doge of the Republic of Genoa, were applied. According to some paper sources, his dogal appointment was certainly not surprising. In fact, he was one of the architects of the reconciliation between the noble families of Genoa during the civil war that shocked the republic between 1414 and 1415.
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Elected on October 17, 1575, he was the twenty-fifth since the biennial reform and the seventieth in republican history. The mandate of the doge Centurione Fattinanti was characterized mainly by the events that shocked Genoa and its Republic in those years, divided between the two "old" and "new" noble factions: the first ones now in the minority in the Senate and in town for the spontaneous departures from the Genoese capital, the latter called to govern together with new popular alliances. When the dogate ended on October 17, 1577, the former doge Prospero Centurione Fattinanti was appointed perpetual procurator and was the only and last public office he held. He died in Genoa in 1581.
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He is the fourth and last son of Anton II Giulio Brignole Sale and Isabella Brignole, as well as younger brother of Giovanni Francesco II Brignole Sale, doge from 1746 to 1748 . He is the uncle of the Princess of Monaco and then of Condé Maria Caterina Brignole. Officially crowned with a solemn ceremony of 16 April 1763 at the Genoa Cathedral, in the mandate of the doge Rodolfo Brignole Sale the first institution of free schools for the poorest children of the city was approved, whose education was entrusted to some priests. After the Doge's two-year period, on 25 November 1764, Rodolfo Brignole Sale returned to stay in his palace in the historic center.
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Gerolamo De Franchi Toso was born in the Genoese capital on January 6, 1585. He is the son of Federico De Franchi Toso, doge of Genoa in the two years 1623–1625, and Maddalena Durazzo. In addition to his father, his younger brother Giacomo De Franchi Toso, with whom he had a strong political rivalry, his paternal grandfather Gerolamo De Franchi Toso and his maternal grandfather Giacomo Grimaldi Durazzo, were all Doges of the Republic of Genoa. On 8 September 1652 he managed to obtain the majority of the votes of the Grand Council for the election as doge, the sixty-sixth in biennial succession and the one hundred and eleventh in republican history.
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By some estimates, the Quarantia was established in 1179 as part of the constitutional reforms that transformed the monarchy into a communal form. It was established as an assembly of forty electors who were entitled at that time to nominate the Doge of Venice. These forty were elected in their turn by nine electors who were nominated by the popular assembly, la concio. After completing their primary role as the Doge's nominators, they remained in power alongside the Doge as the Judiciary, participating with the Consiglio dei Pregadi (Senate) in the state government and the legislative functions, which were often delegated to them by the Great Council, in which the forty were members by law.
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The first patron saint of Venice was St Theodore, a Greek warrior saint, and the first chapel of the Doge was dedicated to him. It was probably built about 819 and stood near the site of the present church of St Mark. In 828–829 relics of St Mark were stolen from Alexandria and brought to Venice, and in time the Venetians and the Doge adopted the apostle as their new patron. He was the missionary- apostle who was said to have converted their district; the relics of an apostle would increase the importance of the city and their acquisition was a further step in the gradual process of freeing Venice from the domination of Byzantium.
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A peace treaty was signed with Duke Visconti (1444), he moved from the Sarzana family fiefdom to Nice where he made an agreement (1446) with the ambassadors ofCharles VII of France, bartering the submission of the Genoese republic in exchange for economic or financial aid. The most propitious situation to implement his plan took in January 1447 with the dissatisfaction of the Genoese people towards the stave of Barnaba Adorno. On the night of January 29, Campofregoso made his armed entrance in Genoa, conquered the Doge's Palace and after a fierce fight he drove the doge Adorno away. On the morning of January 30, by popular acclamation, the thirty-first doge of the republic was elected.
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Thereby Michael accepted to become a vassal of Venice, holding his lands in fief from Venice as confirmed in a charter issued by Doge Pietro Ziani (). Michael granted the Venetians extensive trading privileges and tax exemptions, just as they had enjoyed under the chrysobulls of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (), promised to expedite the grain exports to Venice, and to assist in any shipwreck of a Venetian vessel off the Epirote coast. In addition, as a sign of his vassalage he would pay to the Venetian duke of Dyrrhachium an annual tribute of 42 litrai of gold hyperpyra in two instalments, and send annually a rich brocade for the altar of St. Mark's Basilica and one for the Doge.
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He was the son of the 32nd doge, Vitale Faliero de' Doni. He was a member of the Minor Council (minor consiglio), an assembly formed from members of the so-called "apostolic families" that, in oligarchical Venice, assumed the governmental functions of judges, military councilmen, ambassadors and heads of state. His first name, which is otherwise unknown in Venetian history, is thought to have been derived from a backwards spelling of the Venetian name "Faledro", or from the Ordelaffi family, of which the Faliero family is thought to be a stirpe. During his reign as Doge, Faliero went to war against the Hungarians, ruled at the time by Coloman, which lasted from 1105 to 1115.
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The Republic of Venice and the other states surrounding the Adriatic Sea as they existed in 1084 when Faliero became Doge.Vitale Faliero Dodoni (also known as Falier de' Doni) and usually known in English as Vitale Falier was the 32nd Doge of Venice from 1084 until his death in 1095.
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In a chrysobull dated that year, Alexios granted the Venetian doge the imperial title of protosebastos and recognised him as imperial doux over the Dalmatian theme.Thomas F. Madden, "The Chrysobull of Alexius I Comnenus to the Venetians: The Date and the Debate", Journal of Medieval History 28 (2002), pp. 23–41.
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This mission, if it was in fact undertaken, was not fruitful and he returned to Venice before the end of the year. There he was one of the 41 ducal electors chosen to select the doge. Pietro Mocenigo was elected. Bembo was appointed ambassador to Florence on 23 December 1474.
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5-10, on the prince's subsequent protection of Loulié. he learned musical notation, elementary musical theory, plus the basics of playing the viol and the recorder. The 10-year-old Duke of Chartres in red on the right; the scene depicts the Doge of Genoa at Versailles on 15 May 1685.
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Enrico Contarini was the son of the Doge Domenico Contarini of the aristocratic Venetian family (House of Contarini). He was appointed Bishop of Olivolo or Rialto in 1074. That year the Bishop of Olivolo began to be styled the Bishop of Castello. Enrico Contarini was the first to hold this title.
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The doge Vitale II Michiel responded forcibly. He captured Ulrich and destroyed several of his castles in Friuli. Eventually Pope Alexander III intervened to make a peace. The doge's captives were released in exchange for payment of an annual tribute of a bull, twelve pigs and 300 loaves of bread.
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The word is derived from the Romanian verb a conduce, from the Latin ducere ("to lead"), cognate with such titles as dux, duke, duce and doge. Its meaning also parallels other titles, such as Führer in Nazi Germany,Brady & Kaplan, p.176; Cioroianu, p.416; Jelavich, p.227; Kligman, p.
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One of the decisive battles for dominance in the Adriatic Sea in that period happened on 18. September 887 between the Narentines and Venetians at Makarska. Doge Pietro I Candiano led personally his fleet in a campaign against Narentines but they crushed his forces and killed him in the battle.
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Methoni) and Navarino or Zonklon (Pylos) in southern Greece.The Project Gutenberg EBook of Weird Tales Vol. II., by E. T. A. Hoffmann This brilliant success ended the war. Marino Faliero, Doge of Venice, accepted the terms of peace imposed by Genoa and agreed to pay an indemnity of 200,000 florins.
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In the 1473 election for doge, Marcello prevailed against the future doges Pietro Mocenigo and Andrea Vendramin. During his brief reign he devoted himself to reorganizing Venice's state finances. He introduced new silver coins that were called Marcello. In his will Marcello bequeathed most of his wealth to charitable ventures.
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Coat of arms. In 976, the sitting doge, Pietro IV Candiano, was killed in a revolution that protested his attempts to create a monarchy. According to a statement by the Camaldolese monk and cardinal, Peter Damian, Orseolo himself had led a conspiracy against Candiano. This statement, however, cannot be verified.
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Nonetheless, Orseolo was elected as his successor. His wife and consort was Felicia Malipiero. As doge, Orseolo demonstrated a good deal of talent in restoring order to an unsettled Venice and showed remarkable generosity in the treatment of his predecessor's widow. He built hospitals and cared for widows, orphans and pilgrims.
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86–7 The precise date of the various new buildings is not known and much must have been done in the time of his son, Pietro Ziani, who was Doge from 1205 to 1229.Goy p.64. Howard (2002) p.30 Procession in the Piazza San Marco by Gentile Bellini.
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The combined Christian fleet was placed under the command of John of Austria (Don Juan de Austria) with Marcantonio Colonna as his principal deputy. The various Christian contingents met the main force, that of Venice (under Sebastiano Venier, later Doge of Venice), in July and August 1571 at Messina, Sicily.
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Rossana, having finally chosen Manrico's side, lights a fuse to the powder magazine, creating the breach through which Manrico's allies can attack and overwhelm Titta and his pirates. To forestall her punishment for piracy by the Doge, Gualtiero adopts Rossana as his daughter, thus allowing her and Manrico to get married.
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In 1657, the Doge of Venice Bertuccio Valiero, resettled Peroj with five families (Brcela, Draković, Brajić, Vučeta, and Ljubotina) from the Cernizza region in Montenegro. Following the Cretan War of 1645–1669, twenty other families originally from Montenegro migrated to Peroj. Today Peroj is the centre of the Montenegrins in Istria County.
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Pietro Barbolano (sometimes Pietro Barbo Centranigo) was the 28th Doge of Venice. Reportedly a descendant of the legendary Eraclea (after whom the town near Venice is named), he was elected by the assembly of the nobles after the deposition of his predecessor, Otto Orseolo. The dates of his birth and death are unknown.
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In 1529 Andrea made him captain general and the doge made him gonfalone of the Republic of Venice. He helped save Andrea from the Fieschi conspiracy in 1547, leading a band of 2,000 men with Agostino Spinola to defeat the last rebel stronghold at Montoggio. He predeceased Andrea sometime between 1548 and 1558.
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Loredan's wife was Giustina Giustiniani (d. 1500). Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges. London : T. W. Laurie Some historians claim his election as Doge in October 1501 was not entirely due to his talent as a politician but rather because his wife came from a very influential family.
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Thubron, Colin. Venice (Time-Life series) (1980)Soon, however, he fled taking refuge in Rome in 1509. Thanks to the intercession of his sons, he could return in Venice in 1509. His political ties soon gained him important administrative charges and created the basis for his future election as doge (6 July 1521).
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Marcello Tegalliano (Latin: Marcellus Tegalianus; died 726) was, according to tradition, the second Doge of Venice (717-726). He is described as having hailed from Eraclea, and during his nine-year reign was apparently in great disagreement with the nearby Longobards.Knight, p. 234 He died in 726 and was succeeded by Orso Ipato.
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Other Italian republics to have doges were Amalfi and the small town of Senarica. In several of his writings, Theodor Herzl, the founder of Zionism, proposed that the future Jewish State take the title of "Doge" for its head of state – but this was not taken up by the actual state of Israel.
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Domenico Michiel was the 35th Doge of Venice. He reigned from 1117 to 1130. In August 1122 Domenico Michiel led a Venetian fleet of 100 vessels and around 15,000 men for the defense of the Holy Land. The fleet sailed under the flag of St. Peter, which the Pope had sent to Michiel.
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Robert Bideleux and Ian Jeffries, 1998. The treaty also granted various honors to the Doge of Venice, along with an income. Finally, the Venetians were granted their own district within Byzantium, with shops, a church, and a bakery,Olivia Remie Constable, 2003. which could be compared to the concessions of 19th century colonialism.
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The facade (1897) was designed by Federico Berchet and Domenico Rupolo. The vault is frescoed with Saint Martin in Glory by Jacopo Guarana, with the quadratura painted by Domenico Bruni. The walls portray saints and evangelists by Matteo Zais. A funeral monument (1633) to Doge Francesco Erizzo was completed by Matteo Carneri.
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Scene 2: The council chamber :[1881 revision: This entire scene was added by Verdi and Boito in place of the 1857 scene, which took place in a large square in Genoa.] Kahn, pp. 187–197Budden, pp. 303–309, for details of the original The Doge encourages his councillors to make peace with Venice.
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Béla invaded Serbia at the beginning of 1193. Isaac II demanded the withdrawal of his troops, and threatened Béla with war. At the same time, Doge Enrico Dandolo attempted to occupy Zadar, but failed. In 1193, Béla granted Modruš County in Croatia to Bartholomew of Krk, a member of the Frankopan family.
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Finally they were forced to surrender and to lay down their weapons. The doge spared their lives, but gave the order to his soldiers to destroy the defensive walls and to burn down the town. The citizens were moved away to the other side of the island, where they built a new settlement.
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Leonardo Montaldo or di Montaldo (1319 - 14 June 1384) was a statesman who became the 7th doge of the Republic of Genoa. Leonardo was born in San Martino di Paravanico, near modern-day Ceranesi in the Polcevera valley. His family was from Gavi. Little is known of his life before the dogate.
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In particular, the young city was threatened by the Slavic pirates who routinely menaced Venetian shipping lanes in the Adriatic.Parrot, The Genius of Venice, p. 30 A series of fortifications was consequently erected during the reign of Doge Pietro Tribuno () to protect Venice from invasion by sea.Agazzi, Platea Sancti Marci..., p. 19.
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She married the Doge in 1242, after the death of his former dogaressa Maria Storlato (d. 1240). The wedding followed that of her sister Constance who had been married to her husband's predecessor as doge to confirm the Treaty of Venice between Sicily and Venice. Her royal status and 'ostentation of Regal rank' in the Venetian Court has been suggested to have influenced the promulgation of what was called the "Promissione", which was instigated in 1242 and which stated that the Doge was not the executive Head of the State but only the executor of the orders of the Council, and was no longer to be given homage; nor was the dogaressa or any relatives of her to be given any form of public office or power position, nore where they allowed to have a court or household larger than twenty-five free retainers and twenty-five slaves.Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges, London : T. W. Laurie, 1910 Dogaressa Valdrada has been described as dominant and forceful, and is said to have had a great deal of control over her husband and the affairs of Venice.
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In 1627–1628, Venice was bitterly divided into factions, one of which was led by Doge Giovanni I Cornaro, who sought to create a power bloc for the Cornaro family in Venice, and the other of which was led by Renier Zeno, one of the Capi of the Council of Ten, who opposed this. Contarini did not take part in this dispute, and had unkind words for both sides: he criticized the Cornaro faction for attempting to seize power without having the means to do so, and he criticized Zen for his fiery rhetoric, which Contarini saw as disruptive to the state. Although destined by birth to a secondary role, Contarini took naturally to the back rooms of power, and proved just as adept at attending the Senate of Venice as he might have been as a Senator. Nor was his public life totally non-existent: he was elected to the Council of Ten, even serving as savio of the Council, and in March 1655, he served as Vice-Doge for the period between the death of Doge Francesco Molin and the election of Carlo Contarini.
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Domenico SelvoThe correct modern spelling of many of the early Doges is difficult to pinpoint. In some older texts, one might encounter Domenigo Selvo (Hazlitt) or Domenicum Silvium (Sansovino) among a whole host of other spellings, but the most common spelling tends to be Domenico Selvo as can be seen in most of the references for this article, including Norwich and the official website for St Mark's Basilica. (died 1087) was the 31st Doge of Venice, serving from 1071 to 1084. During his reign as Doge, his domestic policies, the alliances that he forged, and the battles that the Venetian military won and lost laid the foundations for much of the subsequent foreign and domestic policy of the Republic of Venice.
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Dondulo was acclaimed a hero on his return to Venice in July, towing the captured ships, and was duly elected as Captain-General of the Sea. He soon fell out with Doge Reniero Zeno, however: the Doge insisted that the fleet restrict itself to escorting the merchant convoys, whereas Dondulo strongly supported the idea that the fleet should, rather than return to Venice once the convoys were safely under way, remain at sea seeking to attack Genoese shipping. As a result of this disagreement, Dondulo resigned and was replaced by his lieutenant, Marco Zeno. Marco Zeno's cautious leadership left the seas open to the Genoese raiders, who preyed on unescorted Venetian shipping, so that in spring 1267, Dondulo was recalled to command.
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There is a portrait study of a woman by de Wael in the British Museum.Cornelis de Wael, Portrait drawing of a woman at the British Museum The Portrait of Luca Giustiniani, Doge of the Republic of Genoa (Musée de Bastia) that was formerly attributed to him has been re-attributed to his pupil Jan Hovaert.Portrait of Luca Giustiniani, Doge of the Republic of Genoa, Formerly attributed to Cornelis de Wael, now attributed to Jan Hovaert at the Netherlands Institute for Art History Men playing cards in a landscape He collaborated with van Dyck as well as with other Flemish artists such as the landscape painter Jan Wildens.About Cornelis de Wael at Jean Moust Collaborations with local artists were also frequent.
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Coat of arms of Michele Morosini Michele Morosini (1308 – 16 October 1382) was the Doge of Venice for a few months, from 10 June 1382 to his death in October the same year. Born in one of the most important Venetian families, Morosini was extremely wealthy. Opinions about him are varied, though, and he is seen either as a devoted servant of the Republic, or as a speculator who enriched himself on real estate during the hard times of the War of Chioggia, fought between Venice and Genoa between 1378 and 1381. Elected after the death of Doge Andrea Contarini, he died very soon of the plague and was buried in the church of San Zanipolo, a traditional burial place of the doges.
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The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena (also known as The Departure of the Bucentaur for the Ascension Day Ceremony, and other similar titles) is an oil on canvas by the Venetian painter Francesco Guardi. It was painted between 1766 and 1770, and is now in the Louvre in Paris. This work is one of a series of twelve paintings representing the Solennità dogali (The Doge's Solemnities), in which the artist has faithfully copied the scenes drawn by Giovanni Antonio Canal and engraved by Giambattista Brustolon to commemorate the festivities at the coronation of the Doge Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo in 1763. This has led to some confusion, and the canvases were formerly attributed to Canaletto, though their style was quite unmistakably that of Guardi.
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After the introduction of the title of doge for life (1339) and the election of Simone Boccanegra, Genoa resumed its struggles against the Marquis of Finale and the Counts of Laigueglia and it conquered again the territories of Finale, Oneglia and Porto Maurizio. In spite of its military and commercial successes, Genoa fell prey to the internal factions which put pressure on its political structure. Due to the vulnerable situation, the rule of the republic went to the hands of the Visconti family of Milan. After their expulsion by the popular forces under Boccanegra's lead, the republic remained in Genoese hands until 1396, when the internal instability led the doge Antoniotto Adorno to surrender the title of Seignior of Genoa to the king of France.
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On 6 October 1569, Giustiniani Moneglia was elected new doge of the Republic of Genoa, the twenty-second since the biennial reform and the sixty-seventh in republican history. His two-year term was characterized by periods of contrasts between the two main noble factions and by episodes of famine that forced the Doge and the Senate to seek new sources of supply. Among his management "above the parts", despite belonging to the so-called "new" nobility, he also suggested the appointment in 1570 of Alexander Sauli as bishop of the Diocese of Aleria (present day Haute-Corse). After the dogal mandate ended on 6 October 1571, Paolo Giustiniani Moneglia continued to serve the Genoese state until his death in Genoa in 1586.
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Son of Gian Giacomo Imperiale and Livia Salvago, and member of the noble Imperiale family, Francesco Maria was born in 1953. Senator of the Republic in 1697 and member of the Major Council from 1709 to 1711, Francesco Maria Imperiale was elected doge of the Republic of Genoa on 22 September 1711, the ninety-sixth in two-year succession and the one hundred and forty- first in republican history. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. For the dogal appointment he had to renounce the feudal possessions of the "State of Sant'Angelo" - including Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi, Nusco, the lands of Lioni, Andretta and Carbonara, which were administered by his brother Enrico in favor of his son Giulio.
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With a very large majority of the votes, the Grand Council elected Vincenzo Durazzo as the new Doge of the Republic on 14 September 1709, the ninety-fifth in biennial succession and the one hundred and forty-fourth in republican history. On 23 November, the solemn coronation took place in the Cathedral of San Lorenzo in the presence of the bishop of the Diocese of Aleria Monsignor Raffaele Raggi who from 1705 had assumed the role after the death of the doge's brother, Monsignor Mario Emmanuele Durazzo. As doge he was also invested with the related biennial office of king of Corsica. After the end of his dogate, Durazzo continued to serve the Genoese state as dean of Maritime affairs.
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In a climate now surreal and close to decline, Giacomo Maria Brignole was elected on November 17, 1796 once again a Genoese doge, a unique fact in the secular history of the Republic of Genoa. For the difficult moment he refused any kind of celebration and the consequent coronation ceremony. With Napoleon increasingly at the western gates of the Republic of Genoa, the policy of Doge Brignole was based entirely on the neutrality of the Genoese state which did not want and should not join the Austro-Sardinia coalition against France. The situation began to precipitate for the customs government with the increasingly victorious Napoleonic battles and which inevitably sparked the first "followers" among the noble representatives and among the Genoese people.
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The open and moderate attitude shown by the doge Michelangelo Cambiaso guaranteed for his entire mandate a relative social and political tranquility. The Republic of Genoa itself, with a formal and official deed dated 1st June 1792, proclaimed itself a "neutral" position towards France and managed to maintain this neutral status even when, between August and December of the same year, refused an agreed French occupation of the Port of Savona in order, according to the French, to avoid hypothetical and same military action in the Ligurian territories by the Austro-Sardinian armies. A neutrality, strongly desired by the Senate of the Republic and by the Doge Cambiaso himself. As per natural customs deadline, his Doge's mandate ended on September 3, 1793.
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Pallavicini rose to dogal power with the elections of the Major and Minor Council of 30 July 1789, the one hundred and thirty-sixth in two-year succession and the one hundred and eighty-first in republican history. His Dogate was marked by the management of new disputes related to the borders with the Duchy of Savoy and, again, as "observer" of the first revolutionary echoes from neighboring France. Other important facts during the mandate of Doge Pallavicini are the minting of new silver and gold coins; the purchase of a new English frigate to counter pirate assaults by the "Compagnia del Soccorso" and the donation of an Arab horse to the doge by the Bey of Constantine. He ended his term on July 30, 1791.
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The Doge's Palace was recreated and is playable in the 2009 video game, Assassin's Creed II. In the game, one of the objectives is to get protagonist Ezio Auditore da Firenze to fly a hang-glider built for him by Leonardo da Vinci into the Palazzo Ducale in order to prevent a Templar plot to kill the current Doge, Giovanni Mocenigo. Though he arrives too late to prevent the Doge from being poisoned, he does manage to kill the assassin, Carlo Grimaldi, who was a member of the Council of Ten. thumb A "Lion's Mouth" postbox for anonymous denunciations at the Doge's Palace. Text translation: "Secret denunciations against anyone who will conceal favors and services or will collude to hide the true revenue from them".
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Aliodea Morosini called "Dea Moro" (died 1478), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Nicolò Tron (r. 1471-1473). She was described by the chronicler Palazzo as the greatest beauty of the century, and legend claims that her beauty was of importance for the election of her spouse as doge because of the great beauty cult in Venice at the time.Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges, London : T. W. Laurie, 1910 However, she was born to Silvestro Morosini and of an elder and more powerful family than her spouse, who was described as an upstart careerist. The coronation of her as a dogaressa was described as more magnificent than any previous in the history of Venice.
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Anton Giulio Brignole-Sale, by Anthony van Dyck 1627 Giovanni Francesco II Brignole-Sale, Doge of Genoa 1746-48, by Hyacinthe Rigaud 1739 Rodolfo II Brignole-Sale, Doge of Genoa 1762-64, by Giovanni Battista Chiappe Anna Pieri, wife of the 9th Marquess, by Anton von Maron 1792 The Marquessate of Groppoli, in Tuscany and Liguria, was the property of the Brignole-Sale family, an illustrious patrician family of Genoa who ruled from 1592 to 1774. It was originally an imperial fief, part of the former lands of the Malaspina di Mulazzo family, and later became a fief of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. The commune covered an area of 12 km². It was inhabited by 131 families and had a total population of 712 in 1833.
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His principal works are the colossal tomb of the Doge Giovanni Pesaro (Santa Maria dei Frari, Venice); the statue of John the Baptist (chapel of Santa Maria, Nazareth); and a tomb in San Giovanni e Paolo, Venice. His numerous ivory carvings in the Green Vault at Dresden are considered superior to his more elaborate works.
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The proposal by the doge Antoniotto Adorno was presented as a crusade. As such it would give prestige to its participants, a moratorium on their debts, immunity from lawsuits, and papal indulgence. The French force also included some English participants and consisted of 1,500 knights under the leadership of Louis II, Duke of Bourbon.
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The crusaders could only initially pay 35,000 silver marks. The Doge threatened to keep them interned unless full payment was made so a further 14,000 marks were collected, and that only by reducing the crusaders to extreme poverty.Robert de Clari, La Prise de Constantinople, xi–xii, in Hopf, Chroniques Greco-Romaines, pp. 7–9.
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Felicita Maria di Boemondo of Antioch (d. after 1172), was a Princess of Antioch and the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Vital II Michele (r. 1156–1172). She was the daughter of Bohemund of Antioch. As a dogaressa, Felicita Maria was known as a benefactor of especially the convent San Zaccaria.
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38 In either case he was a subject of the Doge of Venice, Brescia being a Venetian possession in the 16th century.Menpes, p. 69 The Venetian dominions were at the time the centre of the manufacture of string instruments, and consorts of viols originated there, becoming established in the rest of Europe in succeeding decades.
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Coat of arms of Leonardo Loredan Statue of Leonardo Loredan in Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice Leonardo Loredan or Loredano (16 November 143622 June 1521) of the Loredan family was the 75th doge of the Venetian Republic from 1501 until his death. His dogeship was one of the most important in the history of Venice.
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He was illiterate and according to preserved documents, he signed via signum manus. He was rich, partly due to marriage to dogaressa Marina Candiano, daughter of the 22nd Doge Pietro IV Candiano. They had a son, Maurizio. It seems that he had only moved into the Ducal Palace toward the end of his dogeship.
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During his mandate as Doge. Grimaldi promoted two public works for the Genoese city and the readjustment of the donkey-back water conduit for the supply of the republican capital. He ended the dogate on January 22, 1730, but would continue to serve the republic in other state jobs. Grimaldi died in Genoa in 1750.
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At that point, Gianbattista was second only to the Doge of Venice in terms of precedence., ch. 1. Because of this connection, Lady Elena was prominent in the Marriage of the Sea celebration, even though she was born illegitimate. Her father tried to arrange betrothals for her several times, but she rebuffed each man's advances.
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He was involved in the development of the fortress town of Palmanova.“Renaissance education between religion and politics”, Paul F. Grendler, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006, pg. 72. Barbaro was a candidate for Doge of Venice in 1570, 1578, 1585, and 1595.“Renaissance education between religion and politics”, Paul F. Grendler, Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006, pg. 72.
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In 976 there was a rebellion against the Doge and the church was set on fire. The wooden parts, including the roof and wooden dome, were probably lost, but the church was not completely destroyed and it seems to have been rebuilt much as before.Howard (2002) p.19 In 1063 a complete rebuilding commenced.
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Bebe Tower in Chioggia, built by Teodato Ipato. Teodato Ipato (also Diodato or Deusdedit; ) was Doge of Venice from 742 to 755. With his election came the restoration of the dogato, which had been defunct since the assassination of his father, Orso Ipato. Before his election he had served as magister militum in 739.
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The Siege of Lastovo in 1000 was part of the campaign of Doge Pietro II Orseolo in southern Croatia and its bloodiest armed conflict between the citizens of Lastovo island and the army of the Venice. The siege resulted in a Venetian victory and Lastovo became part of the Venetian Republic for a while.
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He had also apparently been an ambassador to Holy Roman Emperor Henry III and he was certainly ducal counselor to Domenico Contarini prior to his election as Doge.Rendina. I dogi: Storia e segreti, pp. 16-18. Being connected to the relatively popular Doge might have been one of the causes for his own apparent initial popularity.
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He traveled to Venice in 1643, painting Evangelists for the church of the Ospedaletto. He also painted a large altarpiece (1650) for the church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo in Venice. He painted a St Anthony of Padua with Venice in prayer for the church of the Salute. In 1662, he was knighted by the Doge Francesco Molino.
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Shipbuilding was also greatly advanced and the pathway to Venetian dominance of the Adriatic was laid. Also during Domenico Monegario's tenure, the first dual tribunal was instituted. Each year, two new tribunes were elected to oversee the doge and prevent abuse of power. The pro-Lombard Monegario was succeeded in 764, by a pro-Byzantine Eraclean, Maurizio Galbaio.
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St. Roch, whose relics rest in the church after their transfer from Voghera (trad. Montpellier), was declared a patron saint of the city in 1576. Every year, on his feast day (16 August), the Doge made a pilgrimage to the church. Near the church is the Scuola Grande di San Rocco, noted for its numerous Tintoretto paintings.
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However, this deprived him of the support of the Venetian doge and of the traditionally Guelph Trevisan nobility. Rizzardo was also missing the administrative capabilities and the charisma of his father. On April 5, 1312, while playing chess, Rizzardo was fatally wounded in the loggia of his palace. Dante Alighieri accused the city's nobles of the feat.
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1150–1358), PhD diss. (Stanford University, 2007), p. 129. According to the Venetiarum Historia, written around 1350, Doge Domenico Morosini added atque Ystrie dominator ("and lord of Istria") to his title after forcing Pula on Istria to submit in 1150. Only one charter, however, actually uses a title similar to this: et totius Ystrie inclito dominatori (1153).
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Until the 15th century, the funeral service for a deceased doge would normally be held at St Mark's Basilica, where some early holders of this office are also buried. After the 15th century, however, the funerals of all later doges were held at the Basilica di San Giovanni e Paolo. Twenty-five doges are buried there.
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The first church on the island was built about 790, and in 982 the island was given to the Benedictine order by the Doge Tribuno Memmo. The Benedictines founded a monastery there, but in 1223 all the buildings on the island were destroyed by an earthquake.Boucher pp.161–2 The church and monastery were rebuilt after the earthquake.
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Norwich, 59–61. After Giovanni's sudden death (1006), Pietro raised Otto to the dogeship with him. He then made a testament, giving the majority of his wealth to the poor and the Church, and retired to a monastery, leaving Otto the government. When Pietro finally died in 1008, he left Otto sole doge at the meager age of sixteen.
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On the right of the screen is the platform from which the newly elected doge appeared. In the left aisle are St Clement's chapel and the Holy Host altar. Here is the pillar where St Mark's relics were rediscovered in 1094, as depicted in the interesting mosaics of the right aisle (where the entrance to St Mark's Treasure is)..
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Domenico Leoni (Latin: Dominicus Leo Abrogatis; life dates unknown) was a Byzantine magister militum per Venetiae in charge of Venice in 738. Following the murder of the doge Orso Ipato in 737, the Exarch of Ravenna imposed administration by annual magistri militum on Venice.Órso, Enciclopedia Treccani Domenico was the first of these officials. He was succeeded by Felice Cornicola.
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The bottom section contains the enamels that told the Life of St. Mark. These were created in 1105 in Constantinople, and were commissioned by Doge Ordelaffo Falier.Vio, 2000, p. 166. They used to be positioned along the base, but have since been moved to their current position along the sides and the top row of this section.
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Cippico Palace in Trogir Coriolano Cippico (1425–93) was a Dalmatian nobleman, landowner, civil servant, humanist and military commander from Trogir. From 1470 to 1470 he served as galley captain under the future doge Pietro Mocenigo and wrote an elegant, humanist, eye-witness account of the systematic depredation of the Anatolian coast by the Venetian navy.
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He dispatched Enrico Dandolo (the future Doge and architect of the Fourth Crusade) and Filippo Greco to the Greek court. Michiel then moved the fleet first to Lesbos and Skyros. Nothing slowed the plague down. As more and more Venetian soldiers died in camp, it became increasingly clear that the fleet no longer posed any threat to Byzantium.
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She is said to have died three years later. It is stated by Edgcumbe Staley in The Dogaressas of Venice that Valdrada had two young children. The accuracy of this statement is questionable, as at the time of her marriage to the Doge she was already well into her forties, and perhaps beyond the years of child-bearing.
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Marino Faliero (or Marin Faliero) is a tragedia lirica, or tragic opera, in three acts by Gaetano Donizetti. Giovanni Emanuele Bidera wrote the Italian libretto, with revisions by Agostino Ruffini, after Casimir Delavigne's play. It is inspired by Lord Byron's drama Marino Faliero (1820) and based on the life of Marino Faliero (c.1285-1355), the Venetian Doge.
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The conspiracy collapses following a betrayal by one of its members and the Doge is condemned to death at a trial in the Doge's Palace. Before his execution, Elena confesses her love affair with Fernando to him. Faliero begins to curse her, but sensing that his death is imminent, pardons her instead. Faliero is led off.
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The Venetians then interved and defeated the Narentines and their Croatian allies decisively on sea, resulting in Narentine power decline. On 9 May 1000, Venetian Doge Pietro II OrseoloLane, Frederic Chapin. Venice, a Maritime Republic, p. 26 decided to conquer the allied Croats and Narentines, protecting the interests of their trading colonies and the Latin Dalmatian citizenry.
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The first contacts between Armenian merchants and Venetians go back to the 6th century.The Armenians in Venice By the 12th century, the Armenian community was established in Venice. It became one of the Republic's wealthiest foreign communities. In the middle of 13th century Venetian nobleman and doge Marco Zianni built a hospice for the Armenian merchants.
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In 1074, the Bishop of Olivolo began to be styled the Bishop of Castello. Enrico Contarini was the first to hold this title. He was the son of the Doge Domenico Contarini. In 1084 the Emperor Alexios I Komnenos in his Golden Bull recognized the full independence of Venice, along with freedom from tributes, trade restrictions and customs duties.
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Church of San Silvestro, Venice, the base of the patriarch on Venice. Dandalo was appointed Patriarch of Grado in 1134, nominated by his boyhood friend the doge Pietro Polani and accepted by the bishops of the lagoon. Dandolo succeeded Giovanni Gradenigo (1105-1131). Dandolo was immediately thrown into the centuries-old dispute over jurisdiction with the Patriarchate of Aquileia.
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He is first mentioned in the medieval chronicles aboard Venetian galleys circa 1176-1177 when 30 galleys from Venice, under the command of Doge Sebastian Ziani clashed against 75 galleys commanded by Otto I, Count of Burgundy, son of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor. But the historic existence this battle is not certain.J.K. Fotheringham, op. cit., pp. 14–15.
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There, he took part to the election of the new Doge, Pietro Ziani. He was then authorized to take, as private property, all Cyclades islands not included in the Partitio Terrarum. In fact, this right was given to all Venetian citizens for all the Byzantine lands not included in the Partitio Terrarum.Charles A. Frazee, The Island Princes of Greece.
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The republic was ruled by the Doge, who was elected by members of the Great Council of Venice, the city-state's parliament, and ruled for life. The ruling class was an oligarchy of merchants and aristocrats. Venice and other Italian maritime republics played a key role in fostering capitalism. Venetian citizens generally supported the system of governance.
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During the Fourth Crusade, Kosmidion was the site of one of the first skirmishes between the Crusaders and the Byzantines in July 1203, from which the Crusaders emerged victorious. In April 1204, shortly before the fall of the city to the Crusaders, the Venetian Doge Enrico Dandolo met with the newly crowned emperor Alexios V Mourtzouphlos for negotiations there.
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The location was (and still is) where St. Marks Square is now.Romanin S., Storia Documentata Di Venezia, Vol. 3, p. 157 It was like a castle to defend him more from possible internal enemies than external ones. It burned down when it was set alight during a rebellion against the doge Pietro IV Candiano (959-76).
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Leonardo Donato Coat of arms of Leonardo Donato Leonardo Donà, or Donato (Venice, February 12, 1536 – Venice, July 16, 1612) was the 90th Doge of Venice, reigning from January 10, 1606 until his death. His reign is chiefly remembered for Venice's dispute with the papacy, which resulted in Pope Paul V placing a papal interdict on Venice 1606–1607.
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The eighty-fourth Doge of the Republic of Genoa in biennial succession and the one hundred and twenty-ninth in republican history, Spinola was dedicated to the continuation of the works of the new pier under the fortifications of San Giacomo di Carignano and to the reconstruction of the city after the French naval bombardment of 1684.
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Five-year-old Malootty is the only child of Raji and Unnikrishnan, who is on her vacation with them. Events take a tragic turn when she visits a vacation home, suddenly falls into a drill hole, and becomes stuck inside while playing ball with her doge. Unnikrishnan struggles to save her. It takes a few hours to do so.
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On 16 April 1771 Cambiaso was elected doge with 276 votes out of 366 and on 8 February 1772 the sumptuous coronation ceremony took place, on this occasion the Arcadians wanted to celebrate it with a poetic Serto including various sonnets and songs. Cambiaso, still in office, died suddenly on December 23, 1772, at 61 years old.
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In the religious field he approved the foundation of a new female order (the Order of the Turchine) and donated on behalf of the Republic a new organ for the Cathedral of San Lorenzo. After the mandate ended, on February 27, 1605, he was appointed perpetual prosecutor. The former doge died in Genoa on April 5, 1611.
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Regardless, the Venetian Doge Agostino Barbarigo desperately requested assistance from the Pope and the Catholic Monarchs to stem the Ottoman tide. In September 1500, Kemal Reis and his naval forces assaulted Voiussa and in October he appeared at Cape Santa Maria on the Island of Lefkada, before ending the campaign and returning to Constantinople in November 1500.
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In 1308, Venice captured the city of Ferrara in northern Italy. As the city was claimed as a part of the Papal States, Pope Clement V laid and interdict on Venice. In 1310, Venice was faced with a failed attempt by Bajamonte Tiepolo to overthrow the Doge of Venice. Bajamonte then took refugee in Paul's lands.
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When Pietro III died in 959, Pietro IV surprisingly became the next doge. Probably due to the turbulent recent past, Pietro imposed an oath of loyalty to his power, which was not a Venetian custom. It was probably an import from the mainland. He resumed Venice's relationship with the Byzantine Empire, which his father had interrupted.
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The fact that the ban was adopted by the will of the popular assembly, rather than by a ducal decree crystallised the gulf that had developed between the doge and the people and the isolation of the former from the latter. Cessi sees this as a legislative overturning.Cessi Roberto, L'età ducale, II, pp. 166, 190 n.
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The Battle of Adrianople occurred around Adrianople on April 14, 1205 between Bulgarians, Vlachs and Cumans under Tsar Kaloyan of Bulgaria, and Crusaders under Baldwin I, who only months before had been crowned Emperor of Constantinople, allied with Venetians under Doge Enrico Dandolo. It was won by the Bulgarians, Vlachs and Cumans after a successful ambush.
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Among the other issues the synod considered was that brought forward by Pietro Candiano II, Doge of Venice, who suggested in a letter to the council that all Jews who refused to be baptised be expelled from the kingdom. The canons of the council were published as a breviarium canonum and sent to Adalbert, Archbishop of Salzburg.
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Most of Contarini's reign as Doge was occupied with festivities and fun, and he made little attempt to exercise strong dogal powers. Contarini did, however, oversee a major judicial reform in the early part of his reign. Also, many new relics were brought in from Crete (now under Ottoman control) and installed in Venetian churches during Contarini's reign.
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Mehmed the Conqueror & His Time, Franz Babinger, Trans. Ralph Manheim, Princeton University Press; 1992, p.261 He was in command of 1200 cavalry, which he used to support Lekë Dukagjini. In 1472, Barbaro was back in Venice, where he was one of the 41 senators chosen to act as electors, who selected Nicolo Tron as Doge.
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Over the centuries, Venice became more independent and in 697 it had its first Doge. With the destruction of Eracliana in 805, the capital was moved to Rialto (Venice). In the Middle Ages, Venice became an important maritime republic, completely independent from Byzantium, and began its expansion into the hinterland. In 1260, the Ezzelini family were defeated.
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Dandolo Preaching the Crusade by Gustave Doré Enrico Dandolo (anglicised as Henry Dandolo and Latinized as Henricus Dandulus; 1107 – May 1205) was the 41st Doge of Venice from 1192 until his death. He is remembered for his avowed piety, longevity, and shrewdness, and is known for his role in the Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople.
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The succeeding doge, Sebastiano Ziani, sought to form alliances with enemies of the Byzantine empire so that it would feel pressured into coming to terms with Venice.Madden, Thomas F. (1999) “Venice’s Hostage Crisis: Diplomatic Efforts to Secure Peace with Byzantium between 1171 and 1184.” In Medieval and Renaissance Venice, edited by Ellen E. Kittell and Thomas F. Madden.
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In September 1171, Doge Vitale Michiel led an armada of 120 ships out of the Lagoon to attack Byzantium. Venetian ambassadors met Byzantine representatives and agreed a truce, which was a stalling tactic by Manuel. As talks dragged on through the winter, the Venetian fleet waited at Chios. An outbreak of the plague struck down thousands of the Venetians.
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The sacristy ceiling is frescoed by Antonio Zanchi and Domenico Bruni. The organ was constructed by Pietro Nachini and restored by Gaetano Callido. The first altar on the right has a St Cecilia and St Lorenzo Giustiniani by Giovanni Segala. The church contains the funereal monument of Doge Francesco Erizzo designed by Mattia Carnero in 1633.
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At times, the relationship between Venice and Western Empire was rocky because, in 976, Venetian citizens revolted and killed Doge Peter IV Candiano. He was a despotic leader, but the Western Emperor, Otto II, supported him and he was related by his second marriage to both Otto II's family and that of the King of Italy.
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Bernini may have also been influenced by the Marino monument in his design of the Fountain. The ostentatious design of the tomb of Doge Giovanni Pesaro, which was built in 1669 in Venice, and is found in Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari close to the Pesaro Altarpiece, was perhaps strongly influenced by Tacca's monument of the four Moors.
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Coat of arms of doge Maurizio Galbaio __NOTOC__ Year 764 (DCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 764 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.
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This helped Dalmatian cities to develop a unique Romance culture, despite the mostly Slavicized mainland. Map of the Venetian Republic, c. 1000. The Republic is in dark red, borders in light red. In 997 AD the Venetian Doge Pietro Orseolo II, following repeated complaints by the Dalmatian city-states, commanded the Venetian fleet that attacked the Narentine pirates.
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Doge, an Internet meme. The objective of Agar.io is to grow a cell on a Petri dish by swallowing both randomly generated pellets (agar), which slightly increases a cell's mass, and smaller cells, without being swallowed by even larger cells. The browser version currently holds five game modes: FFA (Free-For-All), Battle Royale, Teams, Experimental and Party.
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The play is set in Venice in 1355. Marino Faliero, recently elected Doge of Venice, offends one of the chief officers of state, Michele Steno. Steno retaliates by writing on the Doge's throne an indecent libel on Faliero's wife. For this he is tried by the Council of Forty and convicted, but is only sentenced to a month's imprisonment.
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Faliero is so outraged by this, as he believes it to be an inadequate punishment for such an affront to the ruling Doge, that he secretly joins in the conspiracy of a group of malcontents to abolish the constitution of Venice, thinking thereby to gain revenge on his enemies. The plot is discovered and Faliero is executed.
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Nicolò Zoagli was a statesman who became doge of the Republic of Genoa. He took office after his predecessor, Antoniotto di Montaldo, had to flee the city due to the conflict between the local nobility, in particular between the Mondaldo and Adorno families. Nicolò stayed in office until August 17 when he stepped down in favor of Antonio Guarco.
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This defeat contributed to the deposition of doge Marino Faliero, and Venice made peace with Genoa on 1 June 1355. Though inconclusive in itself, Venice's exhaustion by this war helped bring about the loss of Dalmatia to Hungary shortly afterwards. Freed of the need for support from Milan, the Genoese brought an end to Milanese rule in 1356.
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The Concio (from the Latin contio, "assembly"), in the Republic of Venice, was the general assembly of freemen (citizens and patricians) from which the Doge was elected. It was in use between the years 742 and 1423 before it lost its function when the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio passed power into the hands of the aristocratic class interior.
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However, contrasts with his cousin Paolo (now archbishop of Genoa) caused him to renounce to the crown of doge on 14 May 1462, being succeeded by Paolo the same day. On 8 June of that year he was again doge in place of Paolo, but the endless strife led to his second abdication, after which Paolo had him arrested at Castelletto, which he was also forced to surrender to his cousin. In 1468 he ceded Sarzana to the Republic of Florence, causing, in the following years, numerous struggles between the Florentine and the Genoese for its possession. Having become an admiral of Ferdinand II of Aragon, in 1478 he returned to Genoa at the head of a fleet of seven galleys to help free the city from Gian Galeazzo Sforza's domination.
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Members of the Vendramin Family Venerating a Relic of the True Cross, Titian and workshop, mid-1540s (National Gallery, London) Vittorio Carpaccio, Miracle of the True Cross, 1494. The Tempest by Giorgione, commissioned by Gabriele Vendramin, 1506–08. Andrea Vendramin's coat of arms. The Vendramin (, ) were a rich merchant family of Venice, Italy, who were among the case nuove or "new houses" who joined the patrician class when the Libro d'Oro was opened after the battle of Chioggia (June 1380). Andrea Vendramin served as the sole Vendramin Doge from 1476–78, at the height of Venetian power, though in 1477 an Antonio Feleto was imprisoned, then banished, for remarking in public that the Council of the Forty-One must have been hard-pressed to elect a cheesemonger Doge.
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71 his madrigals were being published in Venice, largely by Antonio Gardano. Between then and 1546 he lived in Venice, steadily increasing in reputation, and in 1546 he published his first book of madrigals; previously his works had been in collections consisting mostly of music by others (for example, Jacques Arcadelt, whose first book of madrigals for four voices, published in 1539, included some music by Berchem). He most likely was a student of fellow Netherlander Adrian Willaert, the founder of the Venetian School and one of the most famous musicians of the time, and through Willaert met other musicians and nobility; to some of these aristocrats, including a future Doge of Venice (Marcantonio Trevisan, Doge in 1553–54, and also a patron of the arts), he dedicated some of his music.
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Among the important events of the dogate of Ottavio Gentile Oderico there was the management, not perfect initially, of the train that the revolt of Sampiero Corso brought to Corsica. Commissioner Francesco De Fornari was sent to the island to initiate a peace negotiation with Sampiero's son Alfonso D'Ornano which, however, took shape from 1569 on the initiative of Commissioner Giorgio Doria considered more diplomatic. The election to the papal throne of Pope Pius V was propitious to the Doge and the Genoese government for the revision and discussion of some important points between the Republic of Genoa and the Holy See, a new line that compared Genoa to the Republic of Venice. Doge Gentile himself spoke for some requests, a treaty where he could show off his perhaps unique philosophical and scientific abilities.
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Brignole Sale was elected Doge in 1746, during his mandate the Treaty of Aix- la-Chapelle brought the borders of the Republic back to the status quo and the Marquisate of Finale recovered. In his two years as doge Brignole Sale protected the state from nothing less than a European war, a military invasion, a maritime blockade and a popular revolt, deserving the praises that were then recognized. At the end of the two-year period of his Dogate, Brignole was appointed "perpetual procurator" and "superintendent of the strongholds" and, when he did not participate in the government of the State, he took care of administering his lands in Groppoli, challenging the Grand Duchy of Tuscany that had officially divested it. Brignole Sale died on February 14, 1760, in Palazzo Rosso, Genoa.
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Unlike other Italian cities, Venice retained some vestiges of their previous institution of the monarchy embodied by the Doge for setting bounds for power that such assemblies were developing. The leading groups of most the towns gathered at the time around the core of the ancient patrician families, creating a new merchant aristocracy with the Serrata del Maggior Consiglio of 1297 and actually took over the power and ousting the popular assembly. In the name of the Commune, it continued to operate the highest representative body of the state's sovereignty – including the Doge, the Minor Council and heads of the Forty – until 1423. At this time, the abolition of the Concione ended the last residue of municipal institutions and the supreme body took the name of Serenissima Signoria.
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The location also proved ideal for the election of a new Doge for the very same reasons. After the funeral, a large crowd assembled in their gondolas and armed galleys. Domenico Tino says "an innumerable multitude of people, virtually all Venice" was there to voice their opinion on the selection of a new Doge.Norwich. A History of Venice, pp. 67-70.
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The fortress soon fell to Stephen III. The Byzantine counter-offensive started at the end of June. An army under the command of Emperor Manuel I laid siege to Zimony and recaptured it; another Byzantine force invaded and occupied Bosnia and Dalmatia. The Venetian fleet intervened on the Byzantines' side in Dalmatia, forcing Zadar to again accept the rule of the Doge.
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Thus, into the eleventh century the Venetian doges held titles typical of Byzantine rulers in outlying regions, such as Sardinia.Agostino Pertusi, "L'Impero bizantino e l'evolvere dei suoi interessi nell'alto Adriatico", in Le origini di Venezia (Florence: Sansoni, 1964), pp. 57–93, at 75–76. As late as 1202, the Doge Enrico Dandolo was styled protosebastos, a title granted by Alexios III.
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Domenico di Campofregoso was exiled along with a number of his parents. In 1379 he attempted in vain to replace the Byzantine emperor, John V Palaiologos, with his own son, Giacomo Fregoso. In 1390, Giacomo was elected new doge of Genoa allowing his father to return to the city. He died the same year and was buried in the church of Santa Marta.
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Marina Galina (died 1420), was the Dogaressa of Venice by marriage to the Doge Michele Steno (r. 1400-1413). She was a member of the ancient family of Galina and its status far exceeded that of the family of her future spouse. The year of her marriage is not confirmed but reported to have been 1362. She had no children.
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While the year of her birth is not known, she was reportedly quite elderly when she became dogaressa. Her spouse was elected doge in 1400. She was crowned and had her solemn Entry into the City in to the city in 1401. She was the dogaressa during a golden age for Venice, and acted as the protector of literature, culture and crafts work.
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Egidio Boccanegra was the brother of Simone Boccanegra, the first Doge of Genoa. In 1340 Egidio led a force of Genoese troops in the service of the King of Castile in a war against Moroccan troops. The following year the king of Aragon appointed Egidio his admiral. Boccanegra was executed in Seville in 1367 because of his support for Henry II of Castile.
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A church at the site was erected in the year 1084 by Doge Vitale Falier. This church was destroyed in 1105 by a major city fire. Reconstruction continued for centuries and was finished by the 16th century. But poor foundations led to a renewed reconstruction in the 17th century,Notizie Storiche delle Chiese e Monasteri di Venezia, by Flaminio Cornaro (1758), page 8.
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His early career established him as an able merchant, though not among the most prominent. He served as procuratore di San Marco. His marriage with Elena Diedo produced a son who was named Antonio Priuli and he became the 94th Doge of Venice reigning from 1618 until his death. Monument and tombs of Doges Lorenzo Priuli and Gerolamo Priuli, by Cesare Franco.
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MacDougall, Norman, James IV, Tuckwell (1998), 282–287. Pedro de Ayala also discussed Scotland with the Venetian ambassador, Andrea Trevisano, who included Pedro's observations in his description of the countries of Britain for the Doge of Venice, Agostino Barbarigo.Brown, P. Hume, Early Travellers in Scotland, Edinburgh (1891), 50–54: Sneyd, Charlotte Augusta, ed., A Relation or True Account of England, Camden Society (1847).
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Giovanni di Murta (Murta, date unknown – Genoa, January 6, 1350) was elected the second doge of the Republic of Genoa after the resignation of Simone Boccanegra, on December 25, 1345. His dogate was dominated by his attempts to break the circle of political violence which had crippled the city over the past century and to reassert the Genoese domination over the Mediterranean colonies.
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By 1632-1633 the artist had reemerged in Venice where he had been allowed to work and live. Strozzi was able to build a strong reputation within two years, despite not being a native Venetian. He gradually gained recognition as one of the leading artists of his age. The Doge of Venice Francesco Erizzo became one of his most prominent patrons.
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There is a legend (probably from the 19th century) telling how Croatian king Stephen Držislav, was captured by the Venetians, and played a chess match in which his opponent was Doge Pietro II Orseolo. He got all three parties and thus gained freedom, and in some versions, power over the Dalmatian cities. He then incorporated the chessboard into his coat of arms.
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The lands divided up among the leaders included most of the former Byzantine possessions, though resistance would continue through the Byzantine remnants of Nicaea, Trebizond, and Epirus. Although Venice was more interested in commerce than conquering territory, it took key areas of Constantinople and the Doge took the title of "Lord of a Quarter and Half a Quarter of the Roman Empire"..
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Sebastiano Venier at the Battle of Lepanto. Painting by Tintoretto The Victors of Lepanto (from left: John of Austria, Marcantonio Colonna, Sebastiano Venier) Sebastiano Venier (or Veniero) (c. 1496 – 3 March 1578) was Doge of Venice from 11 June 1577 to 3 March 1578. He is best remembered in his role as the Venetian admiral at the Battle of Lepanto.
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Venetian cannons sank one of the ships, but did not succeed in repelling the invasion since the Venetian war fleet numbered only 4 galleys and 7 galliots. The Doge surrendered on 12 May 1797 and left the Doge's Palace two days later. On 16 May French troops entered Piazza San Marco and the surrender contract was officially signed, submitting Venice to French rule.
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Hagar and Ishmael in the Desert (1851) After studying design in Innsbruck, he attended the Academy of Venice. In 1846 he moved to Vienna. There in 1853 he exhibited: a Holy Family and Angels, The Flood, and The Bells of St. Mark announce the election of the Doge Foscari. The Ferdinandeum Museum in Innsbruck has the latter painting and The Venetian fisherman.
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Brignole Sale (former Doge of Genoa) by Sigismondo Betti (January 25, 1700 in Florence – after 1783 in Florence) was an Italian painter. Betti worked mostly in Genoa and in Liguria. He was a pupil of Antonio Puglieschi and a fresco painter Matteo Bonechi. He initially painted in Tuscany, but moved to Genoa in 1737, and a decade later to Varallo.
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The new doge Domenico Morosini (1148–55) rescinded the exile and ordered reconstruction of the Dandolo family compound at the expense of the state. In late 1149 Morosini agreed that the lay rulers of Venice would not interfere with church affairs. On the other hand, prelates would no longer be involved in secular affairs. Dandalo returned to Venice in 1150 or 1151.
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Together, the Signoria and the savii formed the Full College (Pien Collegio), the de facto executive body of the Republic. In 1229, the Consiglio dei Pregadi or Senate, was formed, being 60 members elected by the major council.Catholic Encyclopedia, "Venice", p. 602. These developments left the doge with little personal power and put actual authority in the hands of the Great Council.
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Marco Sanudo (c. 1153 – between 1220 and 1230, most probably 1227) was the creator and first Duke of the Duchy of the Archipelago, after the Fourth Crusade. Maternal nephew of Venetian doge Enrico Dandolo, he was a participant in the Fourth Crusade (1204). He was part of the negotiations when the Republic of Venice bought the island of Crete from Boniface of Montferrat.
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On 30 May 1818, however, Pope Pius VII, in the Bull Sollicitudo omnium ecclesiarum, returned Ventimiglia to Italian control, in the form of the House of Savoy, which had been restored to the expanded Kingdom of Sardinia (the King was also Doge of Genoa), and assigned the diocese to the metropolitanate of Genoa.Moroni, p. 210 column 1. Cf. Rossi (1886), p. 321.
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Each of the Dalmatian city states needed protection (even from Narentane piracy), based mostly on economic reasons. In the year 1000 AD an expedition of Venetian ships in coastal Istria and Dalmatia secured the Venetian suzerainty in the area, and the Narentines, Slav pirates, were suppressed permanently. In the occasion Doge Orseolo named himself "Duke of Dalmatia", starting the colonial Empire of Venice.
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Pope-Hennessy, pp. 15–19 and 183–186. The Cossa monument is often compared to the monument to Doge Tommaso Mocenigo of Venice, of 1423, which has high relief saints in shell niches on and above the sarcophagus, above which a large pair of curtains sweep up to a single terminal; however the architectural detailing here is Gothic.Pope-Hennessy, p.
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Orso Ipato (Latin: Ursus Hypatus; died 737) was the third traditional Doge of Venice (726-737) and the first historically known. During his eleven-year reign, he brought great change to the Venetian navy, aided in the recapture of Ravenna from Lombard invaders, and cultivated harmonious relations with the Byzantine Empire. He was murdered in 737 during a civil conflict.
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Marcello's coat of arms His tomb Nicolò Marcello (c. 1399 – 1 December 1474) was the 69th Doge of Venice, elected in 1473. He held office for a short period, from 13 August 1473 to 1 December 1474. Said to have been inspired by a previous painting dating from the 15th century, Titian painted Nicolo Marcello's portrait long after his death.
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At the beginning of the 16th century, Jeronimo moved from Bassano to Venice, where he was described as "Maestro Hieronimo", piffero player to the Doge of Venice between 1506 and 1512. The historian A.L. Rowse, in correspondence to The Times in 1973, claimed that the Bassanos were Jewish."Revealed At Last, Shakespeare's Dark Lady.", The Times January 29, 1973: 12.
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Giarenis, p. 78 On 8 February Alexios V met the Doge of Venice, Enrico Dandolo, for peace talks. The conditions demanded by the Venetian, however, were too harsh for the Byzantines to consider. Choniates states that the meeting was brought to a close by a sudden attack by crusader cavalry on Alexios V and his entourage, the emperor narrowly escaping capture.
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The Institut de l'information scientifique et technique, or INIST () is the CNRS centre of documentation located in France. It has as mission to collect, treat and diffuse results of scientific and technical research. The INIST produces three bibliographic multilingual and multidisciplinary databases: PASCAL, FRANCIS, and DOGE. It is based at Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, in a building designed by Jean Nouvel.
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Dei rettori veneziani in Rovigo: illustrazione storica con documenti, Giovanni Durazzo, Venezia, Tip. del Commercio, 1865, pg. 16Die persische Karte : venezianisch- persische Beziehungen um 1500 ; Reiseberichte venezianischer Persienreisender, Otto H. Storz, Berlin, 2009, p.45 He was also one of the Councilors of Doge Agostino Barbarigo He died in 1494 and was buried in the Church of San Francesco della Vigna.
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But it remained for Doge Enrico Dandolo of Venice to make the decisive breakthrough with a higher denomination coin of fine silver called a grosso. These coins had two advantages over the old pennies. First, minting and handling costs were reduced by substituting one large coin for tens of smaller ones. Second, the purity of their silver made them acceptable outside of Venice.
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Its obverse represented the door of a castle, typical of medieval Genoese coins, and around the inscription + IANUA, that means door in Latin which resonates like the name of the city, and which had already been used in the first currencies. After 1339, with Simone Boccanegra, the first Doge of Genoa, the doge's indication began with the inscription: X DVX IANVENSIVM PRIMVS.
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In 1605 Venice took measures to counter a papal attack on the way the Republic exerted control over its Catholic clergy. Pope Paul V treated Venice's approach, on civil jurisdiction over clerics and church property, as anti- clerical; Leonardo Donato, an opponent of papal power, was elected Doge early in 1606.New Cambridge Modern History, Vol. III (1968), p. 263.
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In 1390 he accompanied the Duke of Touraine on the Barbary Crusade, an expedition organized by Genoese merchants to address North African piracy.Goodman, Jennifer Robin. Chivalry and Exploration, 1298-1630, Boydell & Brewer, 1998 The proposal by the doge was presented as a crusade. As such it would give prestige to its participants, a moratorium on their debts, immunity from lawsuits, and papal indulgence.
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The last will of the doge Giustiniano Participazio from 829 demonstrates, to which amount these families did invest their revenues into buildings, goods and adornments, but the more it is astonishing that they invested even more in credits and trading companies. The leading stratum was obviously involved in trading very heavily, much more than the nobility of the neighbouring mainland.
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Greenwood Publishing, 2000. The Bank's primary mission was to facilitate the management of the San Giorgio shares (luoghi). It was one of the oldest chartered banks in Europe and of the world. The Bank's headquarters were at the Palazzo San Giorgio, which was built in the 13th century by order of Guglielmo Boccanegra, uncle of Simone Boccanegra, the first Doge of Genoa.
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These forces would make war against Michael VIII and "other occupiers" of the Latin Empire (presumably the Genoese), and would meet at Corfu by 1 May 1282, paving the way for the next year's invasion. The two treaties were signed by Charles and Philip on 3 July 1281. They were ratified by the Doge of Venice on 2 August 1281.
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While Shakespeare followed Cinthio's tale very closely in composing Othello, he deviated significantly in some details. He invented Desdemona's father, Brabantio, and her dissolute Venetian admirer, Roderigo. He invented the entire first act in which Iago arouses Brabantio's prejudices against Othello, and Desdemona defends her choice of husband before Venice's Doge. Shakespeare considerably expanded the role of Cinthio's ensign's wife.
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Giacomo's father, Domenico Fregoso, was elected doge of Genoa in 1370. Giacomo himself received an advanced education, became bachelor of law and joined the trading business of the Fregoso family. He also participated in the management of the Maona of Chios. Following some commercial successes, Giacoma participated in the wars led by the Republic, in particular during the conquest of Cyprus of 1373.
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On solemnities and certain feast days, all the bells rang in plenum. The bells also rang in unison for three days, until three hours after sunset, to mark the election of the doge and the coronation of the pope. On these occasions, they were rapidly hammered. Two hundred lanterns were also arranged in four tiers at the height of the belfry in celebration.
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Gattinoni, Historia di la magna torre..., pp. 264–266 To announce the death of the doge and for the funeral, the bells rang in unison (9 series, each series slowly over 12 minutes). For the death of the pope, the bells rang for three days after Third Hour (6 series, each series slowly over 12 minutes).Gattinoni, Historia di la magna torre..., pp.
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Otto I's military protection of Pietro IV ensured his hold over power in Venice despite his autocratic tendencies over the republican city. In 973, however, Otto I died. With Otto II busy suppressing revolts in Germany, the Venetians opposed to Pietro IV found their opportunity to depose him. Imprisoning the Doge within his palace, the Venetians nobles set fire to the building.
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In his mandate he promoted the construction of the walls of the gates of the republic, works in the Grimaldina tower of the Doge's Palace and the Genoese port providing a cost of about 500 gold shields. However, he also had to deal with a new famine that afflicted Genoa and the rest of Italy in 1541. To find new agricultural resources, the Genoese state asked for help both from the Kingdom of Sicily and from the fields of Lombardy, but precisely the spread of the event in other Italian states, and therefore with similar situations of "food demand", they forced the doge to the Kingdom of France. The immediate French response in the supply of resources was followed by official thanks from Doge Cattaneo della Volta by the two ambassadors of the Republic to the King of France.
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Son of Barnaba Adorno and Brigida Giustiniani, he was born in Genoa around 1428. An exponent of the Genoese Adorno family, considered the most influential in the history of the republic, he came to an agreement with Francesco I Sforza and the archbishop of Genoa Paolo Fregoso, future doge, to bring down the dedication of the Republic of Genoa towards the lordship of Charles VII of France who had been dominating the republican scene since 1458. Fom 9 March to 12 March 1461, Prospero Adorno himself was elected doge of Genoa. During his dogate, the thirty-fourth in Genoese history, he soon came to the clash with the archbishop Fregoso, the latter eager for the promised cardinal title, due to the Adorno's friendship with Pope Pius II, to which was added a new increase in tense relations between Genoa and Savona.
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Over the years, the Great Council became the bone of contention between the people's party, which aimed to preserve the status quo, and the aristocratic party, which aimed to exclude up-starters from the government. On 5 October 1286, during the government of Doge Giovanni Dandolo, the aristocratic party presented a bill to reform the eligibility criteria for the Great Council, with the purpose of limiting its members to those who had already joined the Council or those whose paternal relatives held the position of Councilman. The proposal also demanded that candidates without family credentials could run for a position only upon joint approval on behalf of the Doge, the Minor Council, and the Council of Forty (Quarantia). After such bill was repelled, another bill was proposed, which required new entrants to be subject to approval on behalf of outgoing Councilmen.
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This was most likely due to the fact that since 909 Amalfi had been heavily trading with the Fatimid Caliphate and did not want to jeopardize relations with this powerful trade partner. In 958, Mastalus II was assassinated and Sergius I was elected first duke (or doge). From 981 to 983, Amalfi ruled the Principality of Salerno. In 987, the Amalfitan bishopric was raised to archiepiscopal status.
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Nel centro storico del borgo in programma performances stravaganti, spettacoli surreali, installazioni di opere visionarie, il mercato di oggetti inconsueti e il Mercurdo Night Party. including 'The International Competition for the Arts in Absurdity'. For ten years he specialised in 'Living Paintings' as performance art and theatre. He is master of ceremonies (and staging collaborator) annually at Il Ballo del Doge (The Doge's Ball) in Venice.
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The church is accessed from an entrance with a bas-relief in Istrian marble, depicting the "Annunciation". The interior is home to artworks by Francesco Zugno, Antonio Molinari, Palma il Giovane (The Virgin in Glory and Saints) and Il Pordenone, who painted the Annunciation (c. 1537) at the high altar; there also the funerary monuments of the doge Sebastiano Venier, of Lorenzo Contarini and Jacopo Soranzo.
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Lamentation over the Dead Christ is a c.1500 tempera on panel painting by Giovanni Bellini. It is in chiaroscuro and may have been intended as a studio exemplar for his pupils or the uncompleted underdrawing of a full painting. It was given to Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany by doge Alvise Giovanni Mocenigo in return for a gold, diamond and pietra dura snuffbox.
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With the Battle of Modon, the Turkish fleet and army quickly overwhelmed most of the Venetian possessions in Greece. Modon and Coron, the "two eyes of the Republic", were lost. Doge Agostino Barbarigo asked the Pope and the Catholic Monarchs for help, and on 24 December a Spanish–Venetian army commanded by Gonzalo de Córdoba took Cephalonia, temporarily stopping the Ottoman offensive on eastern Venetian territories.
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He was born in Venice, the son of scientist Lorenzo Selva. He studied architecture in Venice, and was a pupil of Tommaso Temanza. Selva visited Rome (where he met Antonio Canova), London, Paris, and also travelled to Belgium and the Netherlands (1778-1781). His works include the renovation of Palazzo Dolfin Manin for doge Ludovico Manin, the Villa Manfrin detta Margherita a Sant'Artemio, near Treviso (c.
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Howard, 19–22 In 1094 the body considered traditionally to be that of Saint Mark was rediscovered in a pillar by Vitale Faliero, doge at the time. The building also incorporates a low tower (now housing St Mark's Treasure), believed by some to have been part of the original Doge's Palace. The Pala d'Oro ordered from Constantinople was installed on the high altar in 1105.
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Cornaro soured on politics after an incident occurred while he was serving as the Ambassador of the Republic of Venice to the Duke of Savoy. The Duke became convinced that Cornaro was plotting against him and had Cornaro expelled from the Duchy of Savoy. After that, Cornaro withdrew from politics and devoted himself to business. It was widely believed that he would never be elected as Doge.
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The Council has no interest in an alliance with the Mongols. The Doge of Venice however, sees the potential of the Polos' quest and advises them to return to China immediately. Marco's father and uncle tell him of stories of the great Kublai Khan and his court in the Yuan Dynasty in China. Intrigued, Marco asks them to take him with them, but he is refused.
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The Doge of Venice, Agostino Barbarigo, sent a physician, Matteo Muriano, to Moldavia to treat his counterpart. Stephen's armies again broke into the Ottoman Empire, but they could not recapture Chilia or Cetatea Albǎ. The Tatars of the Great Horde invaded southern Moldavia, but Stephen defeated them with the support of the Crimean Tatars in 1502. He also sent reinforcements to Hungary to fight against the Ottomans.
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However, his wide experience meant he continued to play an important part in the political life of the Republic. He was a candidate for Doge in 1722 but was beaten by Alvise III Sebastiano Mocenigo. Ten years later, on 6 June 1732,From “A New Chronology of Venetian Opera and Related Genres, 1660-1760,” pg. 431, by Eleanor Selfridge-Field, published by Stanford University Press, 2007.
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After many humorous adventures, exploiting Pippo's traits of vanity, arrogance and cowardice, the heroine so impresses Pippo with her dignity that he refuses to cooperate in the plot to ruin her character. He is arrested by the Doge and sentenced to death by be heading. A desperate Pippo turns the audience for help, but is shocked when they prefer that he lose his head.
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Anna Dandolo (; 1217-1258) was a Venetian noblewoman who became Queen of Serbia as the third wife of King Stefan the First-Crowned, founder of the Serbian kingdom. She was crowned with Stefan in 1217, and she held this title until his death on 24 September 1228. She was the granddaughter of Enrico Dandolo, Doge of Venice. King Stefan Uroš I was her son.
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Bertuccio Valier was the son of Silvestro Valier and Bianca Priuli. We are not certain how he was educated, but he had a reputation as being cultivated and refine. He married Benedetta Pisani, and the couple had many children together. All of Valier's children predeceased him except for his son Silvestro Valier, who would himself serve as Doge of Venice from 1694 to 1700.
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Dandalo went against his family interests in this, and also took a position that the Pope could not support. The papacy was in a state of war with the Normans, although temporarily at truce, and the Byzantine emperor was providing valuable support for the Second Crusade. This dispute culminated in the exile of the patriarch. In 1147 the doge had Dandolo expelled from Venice.
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130 Doge Andrea Dandolo wrote a history of Venice (called Chronica extensa) around 1350. This text is the first to relate the conquest of the Ægean islands and has been the foundation of all later accounts:Guillaume Saint-Guillain, op. cit., p. 140-142 > Sailing separately, Marco Sanudo and those following him conquered the > islands of Naxos, Paros, Milos and Santorini, and Marino Dandolo conquered > Andros.
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K. Fotheringham, op. cit., pp. 12–13. Bernardo Sanudo, as a young man, was among the electors of Doge Enrico Dandolo in 1192. Lunardo was one of the officers commanding the Venetian fleet attacking Abydos in 1196. Lunardo, or according to other Venetian chronicles, Bernardo, was Capitan delle Navi (Commander of a portion of the Venetian fleet) for Enrico Dandolo during the conquest of Constantinople in 1204.
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The hotel's 204 rooms and suites are spread through a central building with three wings. There are rooms facing the lagoon in the original wing of the hotel and large rooms in the 19th-century palazzo. The hotel also boasts a huge fireplace. The Doge Suite is the most luxurious, with furniture dating to the 18th century and frescos by the 18th- century Venetian artist Jacopo Guarana.
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Agnello Participazio (Latin: Agnellus Particiacus) was the tenth traditional and eighth (historical) doge of the Duchy of Venetia from 811 to 827. He was born to a rich merchant family from Heraclea and was one of the earliest settlers in the Rivoalto group of islands. His family had provided a number of tribuni militum of Rivoalto. He owned property near the Church of Santi Apostoli.
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This did not end the Neretvian resistance, as they continued to raid and steal from the Venetian occupators. It was not until 998 that the Venetians gained the upper hand. Doge Peter II Orseolo finally crushed the Neretvians and assumed the title duke of the Dalmatians (Dux Dalmatianorum), though without conflicting Byzantine suzerainty. In 1050, the Neretvians where part of Kingdom of Croatia under King Stjepan I.
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Francesco Foscari banishing his son Jacopo on the charge of treasonable correspondence while in exile. Painting by Francesco Hayez, circa 1852. The Two Foscari: An Historical Tragedy (1821) is a verse play in five acts by Lord Byron. The plot, set in Venice in the mid-15th century, is loosely based on the true story of the downfall of doge Francesco Foscari and his son Jacopo.
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Andrea Bianco, a sailor-cartographer, is recorded as having collaborated with Fra Mauro in creating the map, as payments made to him between 1448 and 1459 testify. The map was completed on 24 April 1459, and sent to Portugal, but that copy didn't survive. Along with the map was a letter from the Doge of Venice. It was intended for Prince Henry the Navigator, Afonso V's uncle.
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Morosina Morosini-Grimani was the daughter of Andrea Morosini, a wealthy Venetian patrician. She married in 1560 to Marino Grimani. With her spouse's election as doge in 1595, her own coronation as official dogaressa consort was conducted with enormous pomp and ceremony in May 1597. No other dogaressa would be crowned after her until Elisabetta Querini in 1694, who would be the last dogaressa to be crowned.
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In 1122 the Doge of Venice, Domenico Michiel, launched the seaborne crusade. The Venetian fleet of more than 120 ships carrying over 15,000 men left the Venetian Lagoon on 8 August 1122. This seems to have been the first crusade in which the knights brought their horses with them. They invested Corfu, then a possession of the Byzantine Empire, with which Venice had a dispute over privileges.
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Copies of the corresponding letters were sent to the Foscarini family and to all the estates in Europe. Foscarini was exhumed and reburied with a state funeral. A statue was erected in the Foscarini Chapel in the church of San Stae on the Grand Canal. The Doge Marco Foscarini (1762-1763), a descendant of Antonio's brother Alvise, praised the Council of Ten for revoking its earlier judgment.
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The rest of his reign was occupied by quarrels and problems, internal and external. The first problem was the return of Obelerio degli Antenori, Doge of Venice from 804 to 811, from Constantinople after twenty years of exile. He disembarked at Vigilia, near Malamocco, with a band of followers and laid claim to the dogeship. Malamocco and Vigilia declared for him and both were burned by Giovanni.
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" Macgasms Nick Mediati critiqued that "You can tell that whoever made Doge Weather doesn't live in a snowy part of the world since the app considers temperatures in the low 50s as 'cold.' How very… Californian" and also "lacks a bunch of features that you’ll find in more traditional weather apps. You won’t find an extended forecast here, and you can’t add multiple locations. Such bummer.
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The Boccanegra family rose to power in Genoa. Guglielmo Boccanegra was "Captain of the People" and virtual dictator in 1257–1262, and his nephew Simone Boccanegra, who died 1363, was the first Doge of Genoa. Boccanegra was forced to resign his office at a public meeting he had called in December 1344. Giovanni Valente ruled as chief magistrate, until Boccanegra regained power in 1356.
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After his term of office on doge on May 2, 1621, Pietro Durazzo was appointed perpetual procurator and continued to exercise an administration service for the Genoese state and financial for the Bank of Saint George. For health reasons he had to leave the post of protector of the Holy Office in 1631, an illness that led to his death on December 18 of the same year.
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A peace demonstration by London women, which turned violent, was suppressed by William Waller's regiment of horse. Some women were beaten and even killed, and many arrested. After these August events, the representative of Venice in England reported to the doge that the London government took considerable measures to stifle dissent. In general, the early part of the war went well for the Royalists.
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However, it was used mainly in Germanic kingdoms, especially in city-states, where the term magistrate was also used as an abstract generic term denoting the highest office, regardless of the formal titles (e.g. Consul, Mayor, Doge), even when that was actually a council. The term "chief magistrate" applied to the highest official, in sovereign entities the head of state and/or head of government.
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This was the last straw and the people rose against them; they called in King Pepin of Italy. He besieged Venice, but only at the last minute did the Antenori try to save face by taking up arms against him. They were booted and Agnello Participazio, who had defended Venice from the beginning, was elected doge. Obelerio spent the next two decades in exile in Constantinople.
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An orchard which occupied part of the area was acquired from the convent of San Zaccharia and the Doge bought up a number of buildings which obstructed the site. By his will he left these buildings to the state and in due course they were demolished to clear the area. The rebuilding of the 9th- century Doge's palace also commenced in his time as Doge.Macadam pp.
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Here is buried the last doge of Venice, Ludovico Manin, died on 23 October 1802. The chapel was built by brother Giuseppe Pozzo. The altarpiece shows a sculpture of "The Virgin and Child and St. Joseph in the Clouds" by Giuseppe Torretto, the author of the two angels. On the side walls of the chapel: statues, Archangel Michael and Archangel Gabriel, from the same Giuseppe Torretto.
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Ambrosio Boccanegra (died 1373) was a Castilian sailor of Genoese origin. He was the nephew of Simone Boccanegra, the first Doge of Genoa, son of Egidio Bocanegra, who in 1341 went to Castile with a fleet in support of King Alfonso XI of Castile. He commanded the Castilian-French forces in their defeat of the English at the Battle of La Rochelle in 1372.
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When he meets Boccanegra he does not inform him of Maria's death. Boccanegra offers reconciliation and Fiesco promises clemency only if Boccanegra lets him have his granddaughter. Boccanegra explains he cannot because the child, put in the care of a nurse, has vanished. He enters the palace and finds the body of his beloved just before crowds pour in, hailing him as the new Doge.
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Leo Nucci and Barbara Frittoli sing "Figlia! a tal nome io palpito" at the Liceu, 2015 :[Twenty-five years have passed. Historically the action has moved from 1339, the year of Simon's election in the prologue, forward to 1363, the year of the historical Simone Boccanegra's death – for acts 1, 2 and 3.] :[The Doge has exiled many of his political opponents and confiscated their property.
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The relics of Saint Ivan of Rila were also returned to Sardica on this occasion. Béla married Margaret of France, a sister of Philip II of France, in the summer of 1186. Foundation of the Szentgotthárd Abbey. Painting by Stephan Dorfmeister ( 1795) Orio Mastropiero, Doge of Venice, laid siege to Zadar in 1187, but the Venetian fleet could not seize the well-fortified town.
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Palma il Giovane, "Pasquale Cicogna in Dogal Robes Visiting the Church and Hospital of the Crocifer", oil on canvas, 1568–87. Coat of arms of Pasquale Cicogna His grave. Pasquale Cicogna was the Doge of Venice from 1585 to 1595. He supported the claim of Henry of Navarre to the French throne, and convinced Pope Sixtus V to support Henry in exchange for his conversion to Catholicism.
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Although greater names such as Michelangelo had submitted designs, Pasquale chose the more humble architect Antonio da Ponte and his nephew Antonio Contin to design and rebuild the Rialto Bridge. After Pasquale Cicogna died of a fever in 1595 a memorial was in scribed on the bridge to the Doge. His dogaressa was Laura Morozini. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges.
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Portrait of Pietro Lando by Domenico Tintoretto. Pietro Lando was the Doge of Venice from 1538 to 1545. Coat of arms of Pietro Lando He had a distinguished career as Captain General of the Sea, but was forced to sign a humiliating peace treaty with Suleiman I in 1540, ceding Venice's last possessions in the Peloponnese to the Ottoman Empire. He was married to Maria Pasqualigo.
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Back in Genoa, his father gave him the charge of the defense of the Eastern Riviera. When Domenico was toppled in 1378, the whole Fregoso family was driven into exile. He stayed away from Genoa under the following two dogeships of Antoniotto Adorno and Nicolò Guarco. He only returned in the city when the new doge Leonardo Montaldo promulgated a law of amnesty in 1383.
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After his deposition, Giacomo was invited by doge Adorno to a great banquet in his honor and allowed to remain in the city. But rapidly, a riot in Savona drove a wedge between the two clans. As a consequence, Giacomo was sent to the castle-prison of Lerici until 1396. Two years later, he returned to the republic and was re-elected to the Council.
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188, 238, and 264. In 1680, the Senate accepted the recommendation of the librarian, the future Doge Silvestro Valier (, ), to better protect the codices by removing them from their chains and putting them inside cabinets. In place of the earlier benches, four large tables were set up for consultation. Further, it was decided to limit loaning, but the library was to now be open daily.
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Venice, a Maritime Republic By Frederic Chapin Lane In the late 10th century Pietro II Orseolo the Doge of Venice attacked the Neretvian pirates and in the process secured Korčula. The Korčula Statute from 1214 mentions Čara. In the Statute there are recommendations on the defense of the old town of Korčula as well as Blato, Smokvica, Pupnat and Žrnovo. Čara used to be called Hara ().
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Christ as Salvator Mundi by the Master of the Barbarigo Reliefs, early 1500s The Master of the Barbarigo Reliefs was an Italian sculptor active around Venice between about 1486 and about 1515. His name is derived from a set of reliefs in bronze, depicting the Coronation and Assumption of the Virgin and the twelve Apostles. These may be seen today in the Ca' d'Oro in Venice; they were formerly on the altar, serving as a double tomb for the Barbarigo family, which once stood in the church of Santa Maria della Carità, which now houses part of the Gallerie dell'Accademia. The tombs were dismantled in 1808, but other pieces survive, including a kneeling effigy of Doge Agostino Barbarigo in marble and a relief in limestone depicting the Resurrection; another kneeling effigy, depicting Doge Marco Barbarigo, is also known to have at one time existed as part of the tomb.
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Portrait of Doge Jacopo Contarini, from the Storia dei Dogi di Venezia, 1867 Dismayed at the Byzantine advances, and by the threat posed to Venetian commerce by the corsairs funded by Palaiologos, the Venetians sent envoys to Constantinople to renew the 1268 treaty. A Venetian embassy under Marino Valaresso, Marco Giustinian, and Angelo Marcello had been at the Byzantine court already in 1275, but although Walter Norden (Das Papsttum und Byzanz, 1903) speculated that a treaty was signed then, there is no evidence for that in the sources. Events were helped along by the death of the recalcitrant Doge Lorenzo Tiepolo, who resisted any concessions to Palaiologos, and his succession by Jacopo Contarini. The Venetians were also worried by the renewal of a Byzantine treaty with the Genoese, which guaranteed their possession of Galata across the Golden Horn from Constantinople, giving the Genoese an advantage in trade with the Empire.
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According to the Catholic Encyclopedia (1913): > The oldest chronicle of Venice, known as the Chronicon Sagornini, was > compiled by deacon John, the chaplain and perhaps a relative of the Doge > Pietro II Orseolo (991–1009). John enjoyed the confidence of this doge, and > was often sent as his ambassador to Holy Roman Emperors Otto III and Henry > II. In the first part of his chronicle, which deals with the early period of > the republic, the narrative is often confused and deficient; later it > becomes more accurate and complete, and for the time in which the writer > himself lived it is particularly valuable. He carries the narrative to 1008 > and treats in detail of the reign of Pietro Orseolo. John's chronicle is a key primary source for the history of Slavic peoples and polities in Dalmatia during the 9th and 10th centuries, for which he probably drew on earlier documents.
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Born in Genoa around 1490, his family was dedicated to merchandising, but the young Paolo Battista Giudice Calvi preferred to set his life more on the military branch. His name appears in fact among the naval officers, and then with the appointment of captain, during the crucial phases of 1528 for the "reconquest of independence" of the Republic of Genoa from France. Later he was named among the ambassadors of Genoa present at the meeting in Bologna between Pope Clement VII and Emperor Charles V. He was appointed doge of Genoa with the election of January 4, 1561: the seventeenth in biennial succession and the sixty-second in republican history. His dogate lasted only a little over eight months, the second doge to die in office after Pietro Giovanni Chiavica Cibo in 1558, due to the worsening of his state of health which led to his death on September 27, 1561.
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Luca Assarino mentions that Hovaert's reputation relied on his portraits of female and male sitters and that he painted a portrait of Luca Giustiniani, the Doge of the Republic of Genoa between 1644 and 1646. Two portraits representing Luca Giustiniani, one, a preparatory study on board (private collection) and the other, a final work on canvas (Musée de Bastia) were formerly attributed to his master Cornelis de Wael but are now given to Hovaert.Portrait of Luca Giustiniani, Doge of the Republic of Genoa, Formerly attributed to Cornelis de Wael, now attributed to Jan Hovaert at the Netherlands Institute for Art History A painting representing St. Jerome together with his disciples St. Paula and St. Eustochium (Church of Saint Magdalene, Genoa) is the sole surviving religious work of the artist. The altarpiece was most likely commissioned to celebrate the second dedicatee of the church of the Magdalene, Saint Jerome.
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The Dogado or Duchy of Venice was the homeland of the Republic of Venice, headed by the Doge. It comprised the city of Venice and the narrow coastal strip from Loreo to Grado, though these borders later extended from Goro to the south, Polesine and Padovano to the west, Trevisano and Friuli to the north and the mouth of the Isonzo to the east. Apart from Venice, the capital and in practice a city-state of its own, the administration of the Dogado was subdivided in nine districts starting at the north: Grado, Caorle, Torcello, Murano, Malamocco, Chioggia, Loreo, Cavarzere and Gambarare (in Mira). In lieu of the earlier tribunes (elected by the people) and gastalds (corresponding with the Doge), during the Republic each district was led by a patrician with the title of podestà, with the exception of Grado, headed by a Count.
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This refers to Venetian funerary monuments of the same era, such as doge Pasquale Malipiero's monument (designed by Pietro Lombardo for Santi Giovanni e Paolo) and Mantegna's San Zeno Altarpiece. Bellini further developed his use of the frame as an integral part of the painting in later works such as the San Giobbe Altarpiece and the Frari Triptych. Mariolina Olivari, Giovanni Bellini, in AA.VV., Pittori del Rinascimento, Scala, Firenze 2007.
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The Castle of Kelefa, 1686 The castle of Kelefa is located about half-way between the current village of Kelefa and the Bay of Oitylo. It was built in 1679 by the Ottomans, in order to contain the Inner Mani region. Some years later, in 1685, the Maniots besieged the castle. They sent messengers to Venice so the Doge could send a fleet to help them capture the castle.
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Grand Procession of the Doge of Venice (16th century) Umbraculum in the Basilica of Saint Stanislaus Kostka in Winona, Minnesota As a canopy of state, umbrellas were generally used in southern and eastern Europe, and then passed from the imperial court into church ceremony. They are found in the ceremonies of the Byzantine Rite, were borne over the Host in procession, and form part of the Pontifical regalia.
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During his second tenure, he managed to extend Venetian Dalmatia into the hinterland, taking the areas of Signo, Imoschi and Vrgorac. These gains were confirmed in the Treaty of Passarowitz, and the new border with the Ottoman Empire was named Linea Mocenigo (Mocenigo Line) after him.Map of Linea Mocenigo Linea Mocenigo (in Italian) Two years later he was elected Doge: he reigned for ten years until his death in 1732.
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Adeodatus was active in improving monastic discipline and in the repression of Monothelitism and gave Venice the right to choose its doge. During his pontificate the basilica of St. Pietro at the eight milestone of Via Portuense. St Erasmus was also reconstructed. Elected as Pope on 11 April 672, Adeodatus II did not get involved in political events and disengaged himself from the events at the time surrounding Monothelitism.
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In the fourteenth century, the doges periodically objected to the use of Dalmatia and Croatia in the Hungarian king's titulature, regardless of their own territorial rights or claims.Fine, When Ethnicity Did Not Matter, p. 112. Later medieval chronicles mistakenly attributed the acquisition of the Croatian title to Doge Ordelaf Falier (d. 1117).Suzanne Mariko Miller, Venice in the East Adriatic: Experiences and Experiments in Colonial Rule in Dalmatia and Istria (c.
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Akropolites attributes the title to Enrico Dandolo, although no known document of his survives with this title. The earliest documents using the title attach it to Marino Zeno, leader of the Venetians in Constantinople. The title was only subsequently adopted by Doge Pietro Ziani in 1205. By the Treaty of Zadar of 1358, Venice renounced its claims to Dalmatia and removed Dalmatia and Croatia from the doge's title.
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Coat of arms of Giovanni Soranzo Giovanni Soranzo (born Burano, 1240 - died Venice, 31 December 1328) was a Venetian statesman of the prominent Soranzo family who served as the 51st Doge of Venice. He ascended to the position on 13 July 1312 and served until his death. Soranzo was a member of a noble family; he was married to Franchesina. Staley, Edgcumbe: The dogaressas of Venice : The wives of the doges.
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Leopardi was born and died in Venice. He is first heard of in 1482 and is said to have worked at the mint.Lorenzetti p. 915. He was once reputed to have designed the sepulchral monument of doge Andrea Vendramin, now in the church of San Giovanni e Paolo, but this is generally now thought to have been the work of Tullio Lombardo, though Leopardi may have contributed some figures.
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He built the Church of Saint George in Putalj (on the slopes of hill Kozjak). Today's Kaštel Sućurac got its name after the village of Sv. Jure (Saint George), named after that church. Very little is known about the rule of Mislav. He is chiefly known for signing a treaty with Pietro Tradonico, Doge of the Venetian Republic in 839, which led to the growth of Croatian sea power.
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Pesaro to the Doge and Senate, London, the 24th May, 1625. Lewkenor pleaded ill health but he still spent some time in the Marshalsea and was suspended from his office. He suffered seven months of house arrest until the Venetian relented and he was restored to his post.Charles I - volume 10: 18–30 November 1625’, Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Charles I, 1625-26 (1858), pp. 152-166.
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He appeared as Doge Francesco Foscari in Verdi's I due Foscari in a production directed by Thaddeus Strassberger for the Los Angeles Opera in September 2012, in Valencia in early 2013, and at Covent Garden in late 2014. In March 2013, at the Metropolitan Opera, he appeared for the first time as Giorgio Germont in Verdi's La Traviata. The following year, he sang Giacomo in Verdi's Giovanna d'Arco in Salzburg.
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He became a banker by trade. After his accession to the office of doge, he managed to somewhat pacify the city torn apart by the conflict between the various local aristocratic families. In particular, he managed to prevent the Grimaldi clan from seizing the city. Against them, Giovanni da Murta chartered a fleet of over two dozen privately owned armed galleys under the command of the admiral Simone Vignoso.
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For his early studies, he depended on the support of two patrician families: that of the doge Leonardo Loredano (see Dolce's dedication of his Dialogue on Painting) and the Cornaro family, who financed his studies at Padua.Emmanuel Antonio Cicogna, Memoria intorno la vita e gli scritti di Messer Lodovico Dolce letterato veneziano del secolo XVI in Memorie dell'I. R. Istituto veneto di scienze, lettere e arti, 11 (1863–64).
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Agostino Fregoso (1442 - 1486) was an Italian condottiero belonging to the Fregoso family of Genoa. He was also lord of Sant'Agata Feltria. The son of three-time doge of Genoa Lodovico di Campofregoso, he moved from Genoa to the Marche to escape the feuds between his family and the Adorno. Here he resided at the court of Federico III da Montefeltro, whose daughter Gentile he married in 1476.
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As a dowry, he received twelve fiefs, the most important of which was Sant'Agata Feltria. His sons included Federigo, future cardinal and general, and Ottaviano, who would be the last doge from the Fregoso family. In 1478-1484 Agostino fought against the Florentines for Sarzana, a Genoese lordship which his father had ceded to Florence. The struggle ended with the cession of the city to the Bank of St. George.
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According to contemporary accounts, when accidentally dropped into a canal during a congested procession the relic did not sink but hovered over the water, evading those trying to save it. This continued until Andrea Vendramin (grandfather of the only Vendramin doge, also named Andrea) dived in and retrieved it.JSTOR The Miraculous Cross in Titian's "Vendramin Family", Philip Pouncey, Journal of the Warburg Institute, Vol. 2, No. 3 (Jan.
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In 1575 Venice, the Doge has just died and Scarpa the Grand Inquisitor leads a plot to seize control of Venice. Disani, a popular admiral works to stop the Grand Inquisitor's power grab with the help of Lorenzo, one of his officers. They manage to get back to Venice in record time by promising the galley slaves their freedom. When they arrive back Disani is killed and Lorenzo goes into hiding.
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1666 coin depicting Domenico Contarini. In Contarini's first decade as Doge, the war with the Ottoman Empire grew more intense. The Siege of Candia had been ongoing from 1648, but many Venetians feared that if Candia was lost, this would mean the end of Venetian hegemony over the Mediterranean Sea and the beginning of Ottoman hegemony. The Senate of Venice therefore vowed that Candia would never be taken.
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In 1396, in order to protect the republic from internal unrest and the provocations of the Duke of Orléans and the former Duke of Milan, the Doge of Genoa Antoniotto Adorno made Charles VI of France the difensor del comune ("defender of the municipality") of Genoa. Though the republic had previously been under partial foreign control, this marked the first time Genoa was dominated by a foreign power.
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Romanesque church of Ják Hermannstadt (, ), the center of the Transylvanian Saxons Béla III's son and successor, Emeric, had to face revolts stirred up by his younger brother, Andrew. Furthermore, incited by Enrico Dandolo, Doge of Venice, the armies of the Fourth Crusade took Zadar in 1202. Emeric was succeeded in 1204 by his infant son, Ladislaus III. When the young king died in a year, his uncle, Andrew, mounted the throne.
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The Genoese, commanded by Admiral Pietro Doria, had captured the little fishing port in August the preceding year. The port was of no consequence, but its location at an inlet to the Venetian Lagoon threatened Venice at her very doorstep. The Venetians, under Vettor Pisani and Doge Andrea Contarini, were victorious thanks in part to the fortunate arrival of Carlo Zeno at the head of a force from the east.Pemsel, Helmut.
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On 7 November 1441, Filippo Maria issued a decree reducing the rights of his vassals, Francesco included. The latter preferred to establish himself in the safer territory of Venetia, in the hamlet of Sanguinetto. In the same years Francesco and Bianca Maria were invited to Venice by the doge of Venice, Francesco Foscari. Shortly thereafter, news that Piccinino was menacing Sforza's possessions in the Marche reached the city.
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Genoa in 1547. This commercial center had gained its independence from France as well as a new prince through the actions of Andrea Doria 19 years previously. But the Doge Doria is now an old man 80 years old and there are fears that his nephew, Gianettino Doria, will be his successor. Among the Genoese nobility there is resistance to the rule of the Dorias and especially to his tyrannical nephew.
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Although the mission was a failure (Venice formed an alliance with the King of France), it nonetheless enabled Falck to meet the doge Leonardo Loredan. At the end of 1513, Falck left Fribourg once again for Milan. The Federal Diet chose him as one of its two permanent representatives to the Duke Massimiliano Sforza. Sforza appointed him captain of the Martesana, a function that included judiciary, administrative and fiscal duties.
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During the battle Kemal Reis sank the galley of Andrea Loredan, a member of the influential Loredan family of Venice. Antonio Grimani was arrested on September 29 but was eventually released. Grimani later became the Doge of Venice in 1521. The Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II gifted 10 of the captured Venetian galleys to Kemal Reis, who stationed his fleet at the island of Cefalonia between October and December, 1499.
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Belonging to the rich but not noble family of merchants, the Boccanegra family would later give the first doge of the Republic, Simone Boccanegra, in 1339. Boccanegra took power when an insurrection against the government of the old aristocracy made him captain of the people. He was also the commissioner, in 1260, of the building of Palazzo San Giorgio, the future seat of the republican power in Genoa.
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Jay Maynard debuted his self- made electroluminescent Tron Guy costume at Penguicon in 2004.Being Tron Guy , Minneapolis City Pages After submitting photos of himself to Slashdot, he appeared in costume on Jimmy Kimmel Live.Memes Pwn The Web: What Lolcats, Tron Guy, and Doge Tell Us About Ourselves and the Future of Humanity, TechRepublic.com He has also been on America's Got Talent and a commercial for Duck Brand duct tape.
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