"Our messages and actions are typically disunified," said Matthew Armstrong, an associate fellow at the center for strategic communications at King's College London.
|
|
Robert Mugabe, who has maintained a firm control over the country for 37 years, has had many enablers including a self-propagated mythical stature as a post-independence fighter, a weak and disunified opposition, and a system of patronage which has enriched his party and military leaders.
|
|
Unicode subsequently disunified the comma variants from the cedilla variants, and has since taken the lead for web pages, which however often have s and t with cedilla anyway. Unicode notes as of 2014 that disunifying the letters with comma below was a mistake, causing corruptions of Romanian data: pre-existing data and input methods would still contain the older cedilla codepoints, complicating text searching.
|
|
Civilisées (A Civilized People) released in 1999, is a black comedy about the Lebanese Civil War, which killed at least 100,000 people.Lebanese Filmmaker: Randa Chahal Sabbagh by Mai Hoang, World Press Review, March 2004 issue (VOL. 51, No. 3) Lebanese Filmmaker: Randa Chahal Sabbagh Sabbagh deployed a 'vaudevillian cast' including foreign servants and philanthropists, visiting expatriates, militiamen and criminals – in a profane and disunified story mixing elements of absurdist plays.
|
|
Formerly, most Coptic letters shared codepoints with similar-looking Greek letters; but in many scholarly works, both scripts occur, with quite different letter shapes, so as of Unicode 4.1, Coptic and Greek were disunified. Those Coptic letters with no Greek equivalents still remain in this block (U+03E2 to U+03EF). To write polytonic Greek, one may use combining diacritical marks or the precomposed characters in the "Greek Extended" block (U+1F00 to U+1FFF).
|
|
She was particularly interested in Switzerland's still-nascent "free church". From September 1857, she traveled through the still-disunified Italian peninsula, contrasting the Catholic practices of the Papal States with the Lutheran Swedish Church. Finally, she left Messina for Malta and thence traveled to Palestine, arriving on 30 January 1859 and, though nearly 60 years old, tracing the life of Jesus Christ by ship, train, wagon, and horseback. She stayed in Constantinople before touring Greece from August 1859 to May 1861.
|
|
As he had written in 1972 in King of Swords, 'the myth of Arthur continues.' In 1996 he published the collection Cultural Mischief, with one of its poems a very different elegy to the painter Greg Curnoe, constructed of 32 short staccato stanzas that echo the disjunctive structure of Curnoe's best-known paintings. It's a poem that Lynette Hunter writes 'not only erases the heroic elegiac voice but also textures the body of the dead.'Disunified Aesthetics: Situated Textuality, Performativity, Collaboration, McGill-Queen’s UP, Montreal, p. 160.
|
|
In France, the monarchy may have favored regional languages to some degree to keep the peasantry disunified. During and after the French Revolution, successive governments instituted a policy of stamping out regional languages including Breton, Occitan, Basque and others that persisted into the late 20th century. The formation of Belgium as a multi-ethnic buffer state in western Europe placed most power in the hands of the French population, centered in the industrialized south. Except for elementary schools in Flanders, all government services were conducted exclusively in French.
|
|
Huan Wen's Northern Expeditions were a series of expeditions launched by the Jin Dynasty (266–420) general Huan Wen and aimed at attempting to reclaim Jin's territory north of the Huai River. After a series of failed expeditions by his rival Yin Hao, Huan Wen was placed in charge of his position. The Jin court held the expeditions to capitalize on a disunified north following the destruction of Former Zhao in 351. For Huan Wen, however, he was looking to distinguish himself well enough to receive the nine bestowments and take over the throne.
|
|
Because of the difficulties involved in determining the difference between language and dialect, other terms have been proposed. These include vernacular, lect,, cited in regionalect, topolect, and variety. Most Chinese people consider the spoken varieties as one single language because speakers share a common culture and history, as well as a shared national identity and a common written form. To Chinese nationalists, the idea of Chinese as a language family may suggest that the Chinese identity is much more fragmented and disunified than their belief and as such is often looked upon as culturally and politically provocative.
|
|
One of the most common criticisms of the movement, which does not necessarily come from its opponents, is simply that the anti- globalization movement lacks coherent goals, and that the views of different protesters are often in opposition to each other.Takis Fotopoulos, The Multidimensional Crisis and Inclusive Democracy, ch. 4 'Globalisation' and the Left Many members of the movement are also aware of this, and argue that, as long as they have a common opponent, they should march together – even if they don't share exactly the same political vision. Writers Michael Hardt & Antonio Negri have together in their books (Empire & Multitude) expanded on this idea of a disunified multitude: humans coming together for shared causes, but lacking the complete sameness of the notion of 'the people'.
|
|
The ICOC holds that the Bible teaches the existence of a single universal church. One implication of this doctrine is that, while Christians may separate themselves into different, disunified churches (as opposed to just geographically separated congregations), it is not actually biblically right to do so. While no one claims to know who exactly is part of "the universal church" and who is not, the ICOC believes that anyone who follows the plan of salvation as laid out in the scriptures is added by God to his "One Universal Church".Beliefs, Columbia Church of Christ website (accessed 24 December 2013) This is consistent with their historical roots in the Churches of Christ, which believe that Christ established only one church, and that the use of denominational creeds serves to foster division among Christians.
|
|
This means that England has among the most centralised, and disunified systems of governance in the Commonwealth and Europe. Three main issues in local government are the authorities' financing, their powers, and the reform of governance structures. First, councils raise revenue from council tax (charged on local residents according to property values in 1993Local Government Finance Act 1992 set up property value bands, but despite proposals in 1995, these have never been altered despite drastic shifts in house prices.) and business rates charged on businesses with operations in the locality. These powers are, compared to other countries, extreme in limiting local government autonomy, and taxes can be subjected to a local referendum if the Secretary of State determines they are excessive.Local Government Finance Act 1992 ss 52ZA-ZY, introduced by the Localism Act 2011.
|
|
In his representation of the potentially diverse response in Pampanga to the call for nationalism and revolution, Larkin raises an interesting discussion about the different historiographic representations of the extent to which the whole nation was involved in the revolution. These two viewpoints raise some serious questions in Philippine historiography that lie at the core of the debate about Philippines nationhood—the national unity and solidarity view presented by Filipino historians vs the American historians' presentation of all these uprisings as disunified disparate events, the revolution as a local uprising, and the revolt leaders as bandits, lunatics that justify American intervention. In another scholarship of social history - Popular Uprisings in the Philippines (1976), David Sturtevant argues that rural rebellions in the Philippines sprang not from political or economic conditions, both of which he calls a one-dimensional analytical model, but from profound tensions in Philippine culture. Applying the perspectives and methods of social history and proposing an alternate focus for analyzing the problem, Sturtevant analyzes agrarian uprisings and protests between 1840 and 1940, including Felipe Salvador and Santa Igelsia.
|
|
Post-independence nationalist historiographies, both conservative right-wing leaning or leftist alike, seem to follow a similar linear evolutionary meta-narrative of nationalism and revolution. Eufronip Alip's Philippines History (1967), a textbook for public school education, states at the outset the purpose of history is to "teach nationalism", to enable people to "love their country, with determination and dignity…Common experiences and traditions, common struggles and sufferings, develop a unity of interests and a deep attachment to one's native land". Using three sources of materials – oral traditions, relics and written records by Spanish missionaries and royal officials as well as accounts by other foreign writers, Alip replays this linear causal historiographical construction of the struggle for independence, manifested in three centuries of revolts, from the tribal and regional uprisings of 16th to 18th century, to the political and religious struggles in the 19th century, calling them "acts of Filipino heroism". Alip's historical narrative asserts the conventional view that unlike the disunified revolts of past centuries, the uprisings of the 19th century became much more widespread and culminated in the Revolution of 1896 that reverberated across "the entire Archipelago" and the emergence of a "consciousness of unity and homogeneity".
|
|