The binary between them is dissolvable and soluble, like paint.
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Buprenorphine has previously been available as a daily pill or dissolvable film.
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They're dissolvable—the adhesive washes right off and won't ruin your storage containers.
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Tobacco products include cigarettes, cigars, dissolvable products, electronic cigarettes, chewing tobacco and water pipes.
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Stitches used in deeper layers of tissue are always the dissolvable kind, he adds.
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The concept of absorbable medical supplies is not new; dissolvable stitches have revolutionized surgery.
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Dissolvable plates that were inserted during the surgery have pushed up through his scalp.
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A dissolvable string remained inside, which he would need to pull out within ten days.
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Covered, assuming that weird thing in your throat is a dissolvable Cheez-it and not cancer.
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One of the tests demonstrated how dissolvable they were in water, acetone, sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid.
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If you crushed these new pills, they became not a fine, dissolvable powder but an unwieldy gummy substance.
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This dissolvable, forgettable quality has proven the fate of Disclosure, and will prove the fate of their contemporaries.
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Acetaminophen comes in a variety of forms: tablets, rapid release gels, dissolvable powder, liquid, chewable tablets, and suppositories.
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The stitches used are dissolvable, too, so you don't need to have them removed at your follow-up appointment.
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The type of stitches — either dissolvable or those that must be removed by a doctor — can make a difference too.
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The patent is for a dissolvable wafer that helps alleviate opioid cravings, according to the Times, if you were curious.
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Then, Invidior and MonoSol Rx, the dissolvable strip company, marketed their new Suboxone strip as safer than the original pills.
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Of course, much like a viral YouTube video, this is all information that's easily dissolvable and probably doesn't matter in the end.
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It is a replacement for heroin or opioids that usually comes in a dissolvable film, Walker&aposs attorney explains in the lawsuit.
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But it does seem to be one of the first drugs that is controlled, dissolvable, flavored, and approved and marketed for children.
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The gel the two men developed is ultrasound visible (so it can be injected) and is dissolvable so that the procedure is reversible.
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Next step: Carter says they will aim for larger human trials and the creation of the vaccine into a bandage with dissolvable microneedles.
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New Jersey-based MonoSol Rx was also named in the suit for working with Indivior to create a dissolvable strip of the medication.
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The lawsuit by the states alleged that Indivior took steps to get patients to switch to a dissolvable oral strip version of Suboxone.
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Scattered throughout are dissolvable cellulose microbeads, which help clear out my pores, but there aren't so many that it becomes an aggressive exfoliator.
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It's an injection that improves on current versions of the drug, which have to be taken daily as a pill or dissolvable film.
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Then there was a study in which a little plastic dissolvable thing was inserted into my skin and was meant to make me tan.
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She's also heard of innovations in the industry, including dissolvable strips that contain an exact dose of THC and can be placed in each edible.
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The company was called Masque, and the product was a dissolvable strip that you placed on your tongue to "mask" the flavors associated with oral sex.
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Two are in start-ups developing nonplastic containers: Cove, which makes a biodegradable water bottle, and Notpla, which helped produce a ballyhooed dissolvable Scotch whisky pod.
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The global health nonprofit PATH has produced a "Woman's Condom" that replaces the internal condom's inner ring with foam, and features a dissolvable tip to aid insertion.
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But Adzenys differs from previous generations of ADHD drugs in one major way—it is the first orange-flavored, orally dissolvable iteration of an amphetamine-based stimulant.
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Tell her to chill and pop a dissolvable collagen booster from HUM Nutrition that promises to lock in the skin's moisture to improve its long-term elasticity.
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Since a hard molecule called chitin comprises the exoskeleton of mature crabs, it was a "common paradigm" that the shells didn't contain dissolvable crystalline structures, she said.
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NBC News reports that researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have invented a patch that uses dissolvable microneedles to deliver levonorgestrel, a common hormonal medication that prevents pregnancy.
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The FDA rejected the company's arguments, but by the time the generics hit the marketplace, many patients had already switched over to using the dissolvable strip, the complaint alleged.
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Last year, the alliance, together with Unitaid, the World Health Organization and UNICEF, introduced a fruit-flavored dissolvable tablet containing three of the drugs used to fight simple tuberculosis.
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Called Karst systems, these parts of the country are made up of massive deposits of limestone and other dissolvable rocks, which naturally gets eaten away by slightly acidic groundwater over millennia.
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That somehow then turned into a real-life "Tide Pod challenge," a social media stunt in which (mostly) teens were supposedly eating the brightly colored, dissolvable detergent packets as a dare.
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For close to a year, Shelby had been in a program in which she put a dissolvable strip of Suboxone on her tongue every day, and attended group and individual therapy.
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A phase 1 clinical trial, the results of which were published in the medical journal Lancet on Tuesday, has deemed the dissolvable microneedle flu patch to be "well tolerated" and safe for possible use.
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Shares in Indivior were down 37.5 percent at 260.6 pence at 1.123 GMT, after the ruling on patents for the Suboxone treatment delivered by dissolvable film placed under the tongue rather than by tablet.
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Shares in Indivior were down about 20163 percent at 252 pence at 0832 GMT, after the ruling on patents for the treatment delivered by dissolvable film placed under the tongue rather than by tablet.
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It's understandable that you'd want to play with your new toy ASAP, but Elist recommends exercising patience while dissolvable sutures break down and what he calls a "capsule" forms between the skin and the prosthesis.
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Sales of Suboxone Film, the dissolvable oral strip form of the anti-addiction drug, were higher in the reporting period, although its market share fell slightly from a year ago, hurt by competition from generic versions.
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The litigation has been pending in a U.S. after Mylan filed an application to the U.S. FDA seeking approval to market generic versions of Suboxone delivered by dissolvable film placed under the tongue rather than by tablet.
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Her 2013 lawsuit alleged the companies marketed unapproved dosages and uses of Suboxone and Subutex and claimed Reckitt made misleading claims to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to obtain approval for a dissolvable film version of Suboxone.
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The health scare led her to develop 8Greens, a dissolvable tablet that packs in eight essential daily greens (kale, spinach, spirulina, chlorella, barley grass, wheatgrass, aloe vera and blue green algae) and comes in at only 10 calories.
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Buy This The beauty industry is becoming more attuned to the unnecessary waste produced by packaging, and one of its latest eco-friendly measures is concentrating soaps and dental care in dissolvable tablets — which also saves cabinet space.
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Posted to Tumblr this past Saturday, our pal Rolan has created a thorough recipe that walks you through how to make each of the Pod's four components: Their blue and orange swirls, the white gel, and the dissolvable plastic casing.
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The combination of Suboxone Film's unique delivery method — it comes in the form of a thin, dissolvable strip — and it's presence on the state's Medicaid PDL made it an easily obtainable and concealable form of valuable contraband within the prison system.
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Infectious Disease Research Institute's Carter says they plan to develop bandages or patches with an array of dissolvable microneedles to make a relatively painless and easy-to-administer vaccine that could be mailed in an envelope or distributed for free outside grocery stores.
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The scheme began two years before the exclusive rights expired in 2007; at that time, the British company told the FDA it planned to introduce a dissolvable oral strip version of Suboxone, which was not the exact pharmaceutical equivalent of the tablet form.
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Often, a breast lift is enough to reduce the size, says Dr. Ip, since it removes excess skin from around the areola, but in other cases, a circumferential incision is made around the border of the areola, some tissue is removed, and dissolvable stitches are used to seal it.
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"We are still in early days here, but when there is that much attention and money being spent for this, there will eventually be compostable insulation or dissolvable insulation you can put into water and turn into dog food or something," said Andy Levitt, who started the Purple Carrot.
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The lawsuit claimed that as a period of marketing exclusivity granted by the FDA for the tablet form of Suboxone was coming to an end, Reckitt sought U.S. approval of a new patent-protected dissolvable strip version of the drug, which it claimed would be safer and less susceptible to abuse.
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But on a recent day in February, the Manhattan convention center was filled with giant Lego dinosaurs, twirling K'Nex roller coasters, flippable sequin-covered Beanie Babies, 3D Harry Potter puzzles, shooting Star Wars figurines, dissolvable bath bombs in every scent imaginable, and tons and tons of colorful, sticky, gooey goo.
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According to the lawsuit by the states, Indivior told the FDA that it planned to offer a new "sublingual film," or dissolvable strip version of the drug, which had been licensed to Indivior by MonoSol Rx. Since the strip was not equivalent to the tablet version of the drug, it would prevent pharmacists from prescribing a cheaper generic alternative to patients.
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Currently, Star Scientific manufactures two brands of dissolvable tobacco, Ariva and Stonewall. Both brands contain Virginia StarCured flue-cured powdered Virginia tobacco compressed into smoke-free, spit-free, flavored dissolvable tobacco pieces packaged in blister packages and cardboard carton.Star Scientific. Frequently Asked Questions. 2007.
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Dissolvable tobacco is a tobacco product. Unlike ordinary chewing tobacco, it dissolves in the mouth. Major tobacco manufacturers that sell dissolvable tobacco products include R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company (Camel-branded "Orbs," "Strips," and "Sticks," 2009) and Star Scientific ("Ariva," 2001 and "Stonewall," 2003). The move of the major players into the smokeless tobacco market is attributed to smoke-free laws in the United States.
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These produce Chemical lace or Burnt out lace on bobbinet or dissolvable net, For instance the Heilmann of 1828, Multihead, Bonnaz, Cornely and the Schiffli embroidery machine.
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Dissolvable tobacco is a recent introduction, entering mainstream use in the later half of the 2000s (decade). The product consists of finely-processed tobacco which is developed in such a way as to allow the substance to dissolve on the tongue or in the mouth. Camel tobacco is the major purveyor of dissolvable tobacco products, with three varieties, including strips, sticks and orbs, however companies such as Ariva and Stonewall have also been successful with such manufacturing, marketing compressed tobacco lozenges.
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A temporary punctal occlusion can be inserted and tried first. These are made of collagen and are dissolvable. This is to ascertain that permanent ones will not cause excessive tearing. Permanent punctal plugs are usually made of silicone.
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When it is used as an Anti Sprouting Agent for potatoes, the formulation is based on HN formulation, Hot Fogging. For herbicide, an EC formulation is used so that it is dissolvable in water for spray in the field.
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Beirne, Mike. R.J. Reynolds Preps Dissolvable Tobacco. Brandweek. 8 October 2008. With marketing still being developed, R.J. Reynolds has announced that "print ads, direct marketing, sampling at bars and nightclubs and point of purchase" advertising will support the campaign.
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It uses a medication delivery technology called BEMA (BioErodible MucoAdhesive), a small dissolvable polymer film containing various fentanyl doses applied to the inner lining of the cheek. Fentanyl has a US DEA ACSCN of 9801 and a 2013 annual aggregate manufacturing quota of 2,108.75 kg, unchanged from the prior year.
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One U.S. company is marketing oral dissolvable caffeine strips. Another intake route is SpazzStick, a caffeinated lip balm. Alert Energy Caffeine Gum was introduced in the United States in 2013, but was voluntarily withdrawn after an announcement of an investigation by the FDA of the health effects of added caffeine in foods.
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When on a yeast extract agar plate, L. cherrii forms a dissolvable brown pigment containing tyrosine. One or a few flagella aid them in their motility. Legionella organisms’ dependence on L-cysteine and their unique fatty acids and isoprenoid ubiquinone distinguish them from other aerobic bacteria. Like other Legionella species, L. cherrii does not form spores and is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium.
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Tobacco gum, like dissolvable tobacco, is a recent introduction - a type of chewing gum which, like nicotine gum provides nicotine through oral absorption. However, the difference between nicotine gum and tobacco gum is that tobacco gum is made from finely powdered tobacco mixed with a gum base, rather than freebase nicotine. The only current company that produces tobacco gum is Firebreak.
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Passive valves solely actuated by centrifugal forces: (a) capillary, (b) hydrophobic, (c) burstable seal, (d) centrifugo-pneumatic overpressure, (e) centrifugo- pneumatic under pressure, (f) remotely vented collection chamber (e.g., by wetting a dissolvable film56), (g) remotely vented inlet chamber (e.g., by a clepsydra structure), (h) capillary siphon, (i) overflow siphon, and (j) pneumatic siphon valve.The principle of valves is the balance between centrifugal force and surface tension.
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Unlike the EOP, the CPOP had no pre-formed hole in the outer shell for the drug to be expelled out of. Instead, the CPOP's semipermeable membrane was designed to form numerous small pores upon contact with water through which the drug would be expelled via osmotic pressure. The pores were formed via the use of a pH insensitive leachable or dissolvable additive such as sorbitol.
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They are one of the newest tobacco products currently being tested on the market is Camel's Orbs. Orbs are dissolvable tobacco pills that come in a variety of flavors such as cinnamon or citrus that resemble breath mints. Similar to snus, they are criticized for their allure to children, imitating candy. With this new product, youth populations have been targeted in a new fashion.
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The incision (or incisions) are closed with dissolvable sutures. The foot is then casted in the corrected position for 6–8 weeks. It is common to do a cast change with anesthesia after 3–4 weeks, so that pins can be removed and a mold can be made to fabricate a custom AFO brace. The new cast is left in place until the AFO is available.
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All incisions have healed well and the most visible remaining effect of surgery is from the pre-operative hair removal. Steps of a cholecystectomy, as seen through a laparoscope. The 1-week-old incisions of a post-operative laparoscopic cholecystectomy as indicated by red arrows. The 3 abdominal incisions are approximately 6mm, while the fourth incision near the umbilicus is 18mm, each closed with dissolvable sutures.
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Conventional antibiotic treatment alone is not effective in eradicating such infections. An alternative to postsurgical antibiotic treatment is using antibiotic-loaded, dissolvable calcium sulfate beads, which are implanted with the medical device. These beads can release high doses of antibiotics at the desired site to prevent the initial infection. Novel treatments for S. aureus biofilm involving nano silver particles, bacteriophages, and plant-derived antibiotic agents are being studied.
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Some, such as Pierre Riché, follow Einhard in describing Himiltrude as a concubine.Pierre Riché, The Carolingians, p.86. Others, Dieter Hägemann for example, consider Himiltrude a wife in the full sense. Still others subscribe to the idea that the relationship between the two was "something more than concubinage, less than marriage" and describe it as a Friedelehe, a supposed form of marriage unrecognized by the Church and easily dissolvable.
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The surgery itself along with recovery time depends on the patient. Robotic surgery can take approximately 6-12 hours. A patient's time in the hospital can take 7–10 days if no complications present themselves. Depending on the type of surgery the abdominal incision for this surgery may be up to eight inches in length and is typically closed with staples on the outside and several layers of dissolvable stitches on the inside.
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In a more recent adaptation of the microneedle design, dissolvable microneedles encapsulate the drug in a nontoxic polymer which dissolves once inside the skin. This polymer would allow the drug to be delivered into the skin and could be broken down once inside the body. Pharmaceutical companies and researchers have begun to study and implement polymers such as Fibroin, a silk-based protein that can be molded into structures like microneedles and dissolved once in the body.
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Huang has been working on mechanics of materials and structures across multiple scales, such as the mechanism-based strain gradient plasticity theory, and atomistic-based continuum theory for carbon nanotubes. In recent years he has focused on mechanics and thermal analysis of stretchable and dissolvable electronics with applications to energy harvesting and medicine, and mechanically guided, deterministic 3D assembly. His work on the electronic tattoos has been reported by NBC Learn (the education arm of NBC).
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Local varieties of snus, growing in popularity in the United States, have been seen as an alternative to smoking, vaping, e-smoking, chewing, dipping, dissolvable and snuff tobacco. However, US-manufactured snus does not have the same production standards or ingredients as Swedish snus, and typically uses significant amounts of sweeteners. Snus usually contains nicotine, which is highly addictive. The chemical constituents of different types of snus vary, and population-level studies suggest that the disease risks do, too.
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The National Council had sixty members, ten nominated by the king, thirty-five elected by the House of Representatives and the remaining fifteen elected by an electoral college made up of chairs of villages and towns. The legislature had a five-year term, but was dissolvable by the king before its term could end. All Nepali citizens 18 years and older became eligible to vote. The executive comprised the King and the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet).
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Oil sands tailings ponds Oil sands tailings ponds are engineered dam and dyke systems used to capture oil sand tailings. Oil sand tailings contain a mixture of salts, suspended solids and other dissolvable chemical compounds such as acids, benzene, hydrocarbons residual bitumen, fine silts and water. Large volumes of tailings are a byproduct of bitumen extraction from the oil sands and managing these tailings is one of the most difficult environmental challenges facing the oil sands industry.
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There are also several dissolvable packing materials that stop bleeding through use of thrombotic agents that promote blood clots, such as surgicel. The thrombogenic foams and gels do not require removal and dissolve after a few days. Posterior nasal packing can be achieved by using a Foley catheter, blowing up the balloon when it is in the back of the throat, and applying traction. Complications of nasal packing include abscesses, septal hematomas, sinusitis, and pressure necrosis.
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The dissolvable packets are typically made of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) or a derivative of PVA. Although the formulas are similar, a detergent pack's liquids may contain 10% water compared to 50% in liquid detergents. MonoSol is one of the companies that develops the water- soluble film used for laundry and dishwasher detergent packs, used by brands including Tide, with roughly $250 million in annual sales and controlling around 90-percent of the market. The film is designed to be soluble in cold water.
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By using different lanthanides MeCAT multiplexing can be used for pharmacokinetics of proteins and peptides or the analysis of the differential expression of proteins (proteomics) e.g. in biological fluids. Breakable PAGE SDS-PAGE (DPAGE, dissolvable PAGE), two-dimensional gel electrophoresis or chromatography is used for separation of MeCAT labelled proteins. Flow-injection ICP-MS analysis of protein bands or spots from DPAGE SDS-PAGE gels can be easily performed by dissolving the DPAGE gel after electrophoresis and staining of the gel.
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Sensory loss, scarring and neuroma formation can cause morbidity to the donor site of the patient the nerve is harvested from. Therefore, alloplastic nerve graft research is being conducted for nerve repair. Silicone has been used previously, but long-term use of tubes produces compression and decreased conduction, requiring surgery to remove the tube. Conduits made from polyglycolic acid, a bioabsorbable substance used for dissolvable sutures, reduce the problems associated with silicone and eliminate problems associated with nerve grafts taken from donors.
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From the introduction of Ariva in 2001 there have been several public health claims that the dissolvable tobacco products pose a serious risk for unintentional poisonings in children and adolescents. Petitions from the American Cancer Society, Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, Attorneys General from 39 states, and multiple public health organizations were sent to the FDA asking for regulation of the Ariva brand and similar products.Citizen Petitions for Regulation of Ariva. Comments In Support of the Citizen Petitions for Regulation of Ariva.
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The initiative is similar to a clothes-collection voucher program launched in April 2012 by Marks & Spencer in partnership with Oxfam. In April 2014, H&M; joined Zara and other apparel companies in changing their supply chain to avoid endangered forests. The company teamed with Canopy, a nonprofit, to remove endangered and ancient forests from their dissolvable pulp supply chain for their viscose and rayon fabrics. In August 2015, H&M; announced that it will award a million-euro annual prize to advance recycling technology and techniques.
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Heresi staunchly opposed the dissolution, remarking on Vizcarra's decision as unconstitutional and a "coup d'état". He continued serving in Congress as part of the un-dissolvable Permanent Assembly in his position as Second Vice President. In an attempt to continue in Congress following its dissolution, Heresi ran unsuccessfully for the Lima constituency list of Contigo at the 2020 parliamentary snap election. He attained less than 9,000 votes, and his party placed last in the voter turnout with 0.9% of the popular vote at national level.
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In some cases, dissolvable barriers have been used to create boundaries on the paper and control the fluid flow. The application of paper as a diagnostic tool has shown to be powerful because it has successfully been used to detect glucose levels, bacteria, viruses, and other components in whole blood. Cell culture methods within paper have also been developed. Lateral flow immunoassays, such as those used in pregnancy tests, are one example of the application of paper for point of care or home-based diagnostics.
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When employing dissolvable spacers, it is possible to remove the spacer after sintering, which reduces the risk of pore collapse. In most cases, foams created using space-holders contain bimodal pore distributions with macro-sized pores resulting from the space-holder particles and micro-sized pores located on the pore walls and resulting from incomplete sintering of the powder matrix. As a result, the macropores typically exhibit rough internal surfaces. In some applications, such as for the use of bio-medical implants, this is an advantageous property.
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While researchers got their results, the people whom they worked with were equally entitled to get something out of the project. The approach built on people's own experiences, providing for them resources to be able to act in their current situation. The view of organizations as fundamentally harmonious—according to which conflicts in an organization are regarded as pseudo-conflicts or "problems" dissolved by good analysis and increased communication—was rejected in favor of a view of organizations recognizing fundamental "un-dissolvable" conflicts in organizations (Ehn & Sandberg, 1979). In the Utopia project (Bødker et al.
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The Zomig ZMT dissolvable pill contains aspartame, and should be avoided by anyone sensitive to that ingredient and by those suffering from phenylketonuria. Rarely, serious cardiac events, including myocardial infarction (heart attack), have been associated with zolmitriptan. Reported minor adverse reactions include: hypesthesia, paresthesia (all types), warm and cold sensations, chest pain, throat and jaw tightness, dry mouth, dyspepsia, dysphagia, nausea, somnolence, vertigo, asthenia, myalgia, myasthenia and sweating. Following administration of cimetidine, the half-life and AUC of zolmitriptan and its active metabolites were approximately doubled (see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY in product pamphlet).
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There are various ways to control the fluid flow in the channels. They include changing the channel width and length, altering the wettability of the paper, diverting some fluid through a parallel channel, or changing the viscosity of the fluid.Tailoring Capillary Flow in Porous Media The flow in PADs can be turned off with dissolvable sugar bridges, Corona discharge treatment to alter a coating on the paper from a hydrophobic to hydrophilic state, or the use of a expandable polymer triggered by the flow to close the flow path.
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Commercial feline foods limit the amount of magnesium and add acidifiers such as DL-Methionine to increase urine acidity, thereby reducing the likelihood of struvite formation (alternatively, adding Vitamin C has a similar acidifying effect). However, whilst acidic urine is associated with a decrease in struvite uroliths, excessive acidity can result in an increase in calcium oxalate uroliths, low magnesium levels and urine pH both being factors in calcium oxalate formation. Oxalate uroliths are not dissolvable in cat urine. Less common forms of uroliths include ammonium urate, uric acid, calcium phosphate, and cystine uroliths.
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The funding by the United States government of the timber industry was intended as a strategy to increase the population of Southeast Alaska by creating more employment opportunities. About half the timber harvest was used primarily to produce dissolvable pulp, a raw material used in the production of rayon and cellophane. These long-term contract holders pay a much lower stumpage fee for the Tongass timber, than standard businesses holding short-term timber contracts. The logging mills have been able to make a profit from the Tongass timber, due to the subsidies provided by the federal government.
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Anderson and Canonero visualized Agatha with a Mexico-shaped facial birthmark and a wheat blade in her hair, costumed to reflect her working-class stature and the brightness of her pastries. Madame was dressed in a silk velvet coat-and-gown-ensemble with Klimtesque handprint patterns and mink trim by Fendi, from a previous professional relationship with Anderson and Canonero. Fendi developed the gray astrakhan fur overcoat for Norton's Albert, and loaned other furs to assist the needs of the shoot. To age Swinton, makeup artist Mark Coulier applied soft silicone rubber prosthetics encapsulated in dissolvable plastic molding on her face.
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As a youth, naturalist Charles Sauriol, worked at the Shirriff factory after school and during the summers. Sauriol wrote about his experience: Advertisement depicting Shirriff finding source of recipe In the 1920s, Shirriff advertised nationally in newspapers, describing their marmalades as something traditional, artisanal, and above all genuinely Scottish. An advertisement in the Ottawa Citizen of 1929 had the following text: At the time, Shirriff sold three types of marmalade: Seville Orange, Shredded Orange, and Pineapple. Prices ranged from a 12 oz. jar for 25¢ to four-pounds for 55¢. In 1927, Shirriff introduced the "Flavour Bud", a dissolvable capsule of extract for making jelly.
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As opposed to bare metal, drug-eluting stents are covered with a medicine that is slowly dispersed with the goal of suppressing the restenosis reaction. The key to the success of drug coating has been (a) choosing effective agents, (b) developing ways of adequately binding the drugs to the stainless surface of the stent struts (the coating must stay bound despite marked handling and stent deformation stresses), and (c) developing coating controlled release mechanisms that release the drug slowly over about 30 days. One of the newest innovations in coronary stents is the development of a dissolving stent. Abbott Laboratories has used a dissolvable material, polylactic acid, that will completely absorb within 2 years of being implanted.
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Oil sands tailings ponds By 2016, NRCAN reported that the growth of annual production of oil sands, in spite of significant technological advances, presents several environmental challenges to land, water, air, and energy conservation. One of the most difficult environmental challenges facing the oil industry is the management of the oil sands tailings ponds, which hold large volumes of tailings, the byproduct of bitumen extraction from the oil sands, which contain a mixture of salts, suspended solids and other dissolvable chemical compounds such as acids, benzene, hydrocarbons residual bitumen, fine silts and water. Tailings ponds in Alberta held c. 732 billion litres in 2008 and by 2013 they covered about . By 2017 this increased to c.
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The Ariva brand, introduced in 2001, contains 1.5 milligrams of nicotine in each piece and dissolves in the mouth in 10–30 minutes. The Stonewall brand, introduced in 2003, have more surface area than the Ariva pieces and contain four milligrams of nicotine per piece, with each piece dissolving in 10–30 minutes. The Ariva brand is offered in Wintergreen flavor and the Stonewall brand is offered in Natural, Wintergreen, and Java flavors. Other than the Virginia StarCured Tobacco and "other natural and artificial flavorings" including the non-sugar sweetener sucralose, Star Scientific has not made a specific ingredient list public because it claims to "seek to protect proprietary product information" because Stonewall and Ariva are "the only dissolvable smokeless tobacco products in the marketplace."Starconsumerctr.
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Prior to that, he served as a scientific director at HK Pharmaceuticals and Digital Gene Technologies, as well as a scientist at the Salk Institute studying cell signaling and viral based gene therapy approaches. Biomatrica initially developed ambient temperature storage reagents for DNA and RNA. The company's core technology was inspired by the phenomenon of anhydrobiosis, the ability of some organisms to hibernate in a desiccated state during dry periods, and then reanimate upon contact with water. Focusing their studies on microscopic, desert-dwelling creatures called Tardigrades, which undergo anhydrobiosis for up to 120 years, Biomatrica scientists identified how to chemically mimic the mechanism of anhydrobiosis. According to Rolf Müller, “What we create(d) is a thermostable, dissolvable glass that packages every single molecule in a sample.” Following stabilization at room temperature with Biomatrica's chemical reagents, biological specimens could be rehydrated for subsequent studies with the addition of a few drops of water.
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