At the same you're inhabiting a zone that defies such disjunctions.
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The loud, insistent soundtrack and visual disjunctions are not aesthetic but actual.
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They are reversals hiding in plain sight, slippery disjunctions between artifice and reality.
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Yet their sound, while devoid of feeling, does not lack disjunctions or textual weirdnesses.
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Toni Erdmann is loaded with ironies and disjunctions, with worlds colliding to darkly humorous effect.
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She lavishes exaggerated praise on items she encounters, demonstrating the disjunctions between speech and image.
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Nothing, I suppose, except that the resulting disjunctions propelled the paintings into their own orbit.
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There is accordionlike narrative time: the nested flashbacks and temporal disjunctions of a sure-handed novelist.
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Is this civil-environmental manager disjunction not similar to civil-military disjunctions that we have witnessed before?
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Nathaniel Quinn's first museum solo show features work which suggests that reality might best be recognized by its disjunctions rather than by single-point perspective.
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Created as single sheets meant for albums, the miniatures were collaged into Rococo panels by a Western artist, the disjunctions between the scenes artfully concealed under painted shrubbery.
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Billed as a "deepfake," or nearly undetectable edit, the videos in fact exhibit glaring disjunctions: the inserted flesh judders right off the jaw, and the faces have overly rouged, Kewpie-doll cheeks.
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But soon a cat materializes in a cardboard box, followed by crowds that aren't there, and a dapper cat-woman hybrid named Schroeda, the first of many disjunctions between the screen and reality.
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From Dadaist collage to Romare Bearden and African American quilts, Quinn joins those who believe that reality might best be recognized by its disjunctions, patchwork sensations, and complex social strata, rather than by insistent, single-point perspectives.
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Being attuned to the "Language" poets as I was then, these imaginative disjunctions appealed to me, even if I didn't perceive them as purely linguistic transitions; they seemed to be coming from some place deeper than the intellectual play of words.
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As I have written, in the mid-23th century political partisans often wrote new texts to the established "Banner" melody (which itself can be traced back to the British "Anacreontic Song") in order to point out disjunctions between Francis Scott Key's elevating lyrics and the reality of American life.
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Though Young's argument is winding, his tone at times eccentric or amused, by the time Young brings in Susan Smith (the South Carolina woman who in 1994 blamed the disappearance of her children, whom she'd murdered, on an imaginary black carjacker), Rachel Dolezal and our own Age of Euphemism (Young's term for our dog-whistling disjunctions from the facts), his indictment is overwhelming.
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Hohmann, S., Kadereit, J.w., & Kadereit, G. (2006). "Understanding Mediterranean- Californian disjunctions: molecular evidence". Taxon 55 (1): 67–78.
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The class of conjunctions and the class of disjunctions are evolvable over the uniform distribution for short conjunctions and disjunctions, respectively. The class of parity functions (which evaluate to the parity of the number of true literals in a given subset of literals) are not evolvable, even for the uniform distribution. Evolvability implies PAC learnability.
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An and–or tree is a graphical representation of the reduction of problems (or goals) to conjunctions and disjunctions of subproblems (or subgoals).
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The most commonly studied infinitary logics are denoted Lαβ, where α and β are each either cardinal numbers or the symbol ∞. In this notation, ordinary first-order logic is Lωω. In the logic L∞ω, arbitrary conjunctions or disjunctions are allowed when building formulas, and there is an unlimited supply of variables. More generally, the logic that permits conjunctions or disjunctions with less than κ constituents is known as Lκω.
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The third part, titled, "Disjunctions of Nikkei Identities," discusses globalization-induced "disjunctions" of a Nikkei identity. This part, which has a total of nine chapters, is divided into three subparts: "Gender and Identity," "The Dekasegi Phenomenon," and "Emerging Identities." Richard Kosaki wrote the introduction to part three. Included in subpart one is "I Woman, I Man, I Nikkei: Symbolic Construction of Femininity and Masculinity in the Japanese Community of Peru" by Doris Moromisato Miasato.
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Western Australian species include disjunctions between north and south, and Esperance/Cape Arid. Recent extinctions, possibly due to changed fire regimes and grazing pressure, include P. elusa and P. maidenii.
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One circuit computes the function itself, and the other computes its complement. One of the two circuits is derived by converting the conjunctions and disjunctions of the formula into series and parallel compositions of graphs, respectively. The other circuit reverses this construction, converting the conjunctions and disjunctions of the formula into parallel and series compositions of graphs.. These two circuits, augmented by an additional edge connecting the input of each circuit to its output, are planar dual graphs..
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There are a great deal of conjunctions in Mbula that each encode their own subtly different meaning. However, all conjunctions fall broadly into four categories: temporal conjunctions, conditional conjunctions, causal conjunctions and disjunctions.
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For example, in Lκ∞, a single universal or existential quantifier may bind arbitrarily many variables simultaneously. Similarly, the logic Lκλ permits simultaneous quantification over fewer than λ variables, as well as conjunctions and disjunctions of size less than κ.
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In all other cases, it is true. All of the following are disjunctions: : A \lor B : eg A \lor B : A \lor eg B \lor eg C \lor D \lor eg E. The corresponding operation in set theory is the set-theoretic union.
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Several extensions have been made to Datalog, e.g., to support aggregate functions, to allow object- oriented programming, or to allow disjunctions as heads of clauses. These extensions have significant impacts on the definition of Datalog's semantics and on the implementation of a corresponding Datalog interpreter.
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Rolling Stone discusses their mix of various genres, commenting "they offer their most ambitious fusion yet -- each track is a whirlwind tour of their soulful influences. Alas, the ingredients usually refuse to mix in 311's hands, resulting in disjunctions that veer between the bland and the unintentionally funny".
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When the input probabilities are themselves interval ranges, the Fréchet formulas still work as a probability bounds analysis. Hailperin considered the problem of evaluating probabilistic Boolean expressions involving many events in complex conjunctions and disjunctions. SomeWise, B.P., and M. Henrion (1986). A framework for comparing uncertain inference systems to probability.
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Logical or Boolean expressions involving conjunctions (AND operations), disjunctions (OR operations), exclusive disjunctions, equivalences, conditionals, etc. arise in the analysis of fault trees and event trees common in risk assessments. If the probabilities of events are characterized by intervals, as suggested by Boole and Keynes among others, these binary operations are straightforward to evaluate. For example, if the probability of an event A is in the interval P(A) = a = [0.2, 0.25], and the probability of the event B is in P(B) = b = [0.1, 0.3], then the probability of the conjunction is surely in the interval : P(A & B) = a × b :::: = [0.2, 0.25] × [0.1, 0.3] :::: = [0.2 × 0.1, 0.25 × 0.3] :::: = [0.02, 0.075] so long as A and B can be assumed to be independent events.
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The other two clades have an American-Asian disjunct distribution.Jun Wen, Stephanie M. Ickert-Bond, Ze- Long Nie, and Rong Li. 2010. "Timing and modes of evolution of eastern Asian - North American biogeographic disjunctions in seed plants". In: Long, M., Gu, H. and Zhou, Z., Darwin's Heritage Today : Proceedings of the Darwin 2010 Beijing International Conference.
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"Types of oreal and oreotundral disjunctions in the western Palearctic". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 93: 415–430. . Glaciation during the most recent ice age and the presence of man affected the distribution of European fauna. As for the animals, in many parts of Europe most large animals and top predator species have been hunted to extinction.
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Operators of computability logic: names, symbols and readings The full language of CoL extends the language of classical first-order logic. Its logical vocabulary has several sorts of conjunctions, disjunctions, quantifiers, implications, negations and so called recurrence operators. This collection includes all connectives and quantifiers of classical logic. The language also has two sorts of nonlogical atoms: elementary and general.
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Irony is one of Austen's most characteristic and most discussed literary techniques.Brownstein, "Northanger Abbey, Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice", 34; Litz, 107–111; Mudrick 1–3. She contrasts the plain meaning of a statement with the comic, undermining the meaning of the original to create ironic disjunctions. In her juvenile works, she relies upon satire, parody and irony based on incongruity.
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Disjunction introduction or addition (also called or introduction)Moore and Parker is a rule of inference of propositional logic and almost every other deduction system. The rule makes it possible to introduce disjunctions to logical proofs. It is the inference that if P is true, then P or Q must be true. An example in English: :Socrates is a man.
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Nelson (1975b): 262, 268. This restriction explains the disjunctions east of Israelite Bay: the species occurs only in those few locations where the existence of cliff-top dunes of deep siliceous sand provide suitable habitat.Nelson (1975b): 311. Provided the soil is siliceous and fairly dry, A. cuneatus tolerates a range of edaphic conditions: it grows in both lateritic sand and sands of marine origin,Nelson (1975b): 252.
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Visualization of distributive law for positive numbers In mathematics, the distributive property of binary operations generalizes the distributive law from Boolean algebra and elementary algebra. In propositional logic, distribution refers to two valid rules of replacement. The rules allow one to reformulate conjunctions and disjunctions within logical proofs. For example, in arithmetic: : 2 ⋅ (1 + 3) = (2 ⋅ 1) + (2 ⋅ 3), but 2 / (1 + 3) ≠ (2 / 1) + (2 / 3).
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To explain disjunct distributions, Croizat proposed the existence of broadly distributed ancestors that established its range during a period of mobilism, followed by a form- making process over a broad front. Disjunctions are explained as extinctions in the previously continuous range. Orthogenesis is a term used by Croizat, in his words "... in a pure mechanistic sense",Croizat L (1964). Space, Time, Form: The Biological Synthesis.
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There are also 15 other ways of setting all the variables so that the formula becomes true. Therefore, the 2-satisfiability instance represented by this expression is satisfiable. Formulas in this form are known as 2-CNF formulas. The "2" in this name stands for the number of literals per clause, and "CNF" stands for conjunctive normal form, a type of Boolean expression in the form of a conjunction of disjunctions.
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The resolution rule is a single rule of inference that, together with unification, is sound and complete for first-order logic. As with the tableaux method, a formula is proved by showing that the negation of the formula is unsatisfiable. Resolution is commonly used in automated theorem proving. The resolution method works only with formulas that are disjunctions of atomic formulas; arbitrary formulas must first be converted to this form through Skolemization.
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Each disjunction operator has its dual conjunction, obtained by interchanging the roles of the two players. The corresponding quantifiers can further be defined as infinite conjunctions or disjunctions in the same way as in the case of the parallel quantifiers. Each sort disjunction also induces a corresponding implication operation the same way as this was the case with the parallel implication →. For instance, the choice implication ("chimplication") A⊐B is defined as ¬A⊔B.
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The ASSOC procedure is a GUHA method which mines for generalized association rules using fast bitstrings operations. The association rules mined by this method are more general than those output by apriori, for example "items" can be connected both with conjunction and disjunctions and the relation between antecedent and consequent of the rule is not restricted to setting minimum support and confidence as in apriori: an arbitrary combination of supported interest measures can be used.
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Sirkeer malkohas tend to skulk in vegetation and are often only briefly visible All of the sub-Himalayan Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka; patchily in Pakistan and Rajasthan. They are thought to have expanded into the Sind region in the 1930s following the construction of the Sukkur barrage and the extension of canal irrigation. Three subspecies have been designated, varying in colouration but showing continuous variation and having no disjunctions in their distribution ranges.
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Phylogenetic analysis indicates that the genus Callaeum (represented in the study by C. septentrionale) may be grouped with the genera Alicia and Malpighiodes (represented by A. anisopetala and M. bracteosa, respectively) into a single monophyletic clade Davis, C.C., C.D. Bell, S. Mathews, and M.J. Donoghue. 2002. Laurasian migration explains Gondwanan disjunctions: Evidence from Malpighiaceae. PNAS 99(10): 6833–6837. (note that Alicia and Malpighiodes were only recently segregated from the genus Mascagnia in 2006Anderson, W.R. 2006.
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Decision lists are a representation for Boolean functions which can be easily learnable from examples. Single term decision lists are more expressive than disjunctions and conjunctions; however, 1-term decision lists are less expressive than the general disjunctive normal form and the conjunctive normal form. The language specified by a k-length decision list includes as a subset the language specified by a k-depth decision tree. Learning decision lists can be used for attribute efficient learning.
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Employing disjunctions, repeated and interlocking motifs, linear networks, and complex overlays, he worked to create a sense of transparency through a multilayered development of space. Through the years Wilson pursued similar investigations in notebook after notebook of drawings. A dedicated teacher, for five decades Wilson taught painting in his various studios in Manhattan and later New Jersey, and lectured to museum- and gallery-visiting classes for Brandeis University and NYU. He was also active in artist groups such as MAG (Modern Artists Guild).
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Visitors view and react to the plan, landscaping, and sculptural pieces without the ability to cross-reference them with previous works of historical architecture. The design of the park capitalizes on the innate qualities that are illustrated within architectural deconstructivism. By allowing visitors to experience the architecture of the park within this constructed vacuum, the time, recognitions, and activities that take place in that space begin to acquire a more vivid and authentic nature.Bernard Tschumi Disjunctions (MIT Press, 1987.) pp. 108–119.
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Synonyms of Microcnemum coralloides (Loscos & J. Pardo) Buen at Flora Iberia Gudrun Kadereit, Ahmet Emre Yaprak (2008): Microcnemum coralloides (Chenopodiaceae- Salicornioideae): an example of intraspecific East-West disjunctions in the Mediterranean region. In: Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid, Volume 65, No 2, p. 415-426. Gudrun Kadereit, Ladislav Mucina & Helmut Freitag (2006): Phylogeny of Salicornioideae (Chenopodiaceae): diversification, biogeography, and evolutionary trends in leaf and flower morphology, In: Taxon, Volume 55 (3), p. 617–642. Mikko Piirainen 2009: Microcnemum coralloides.
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For example, Lω1ω permits countable conjunctions and disjunctions. The set of free variables in a formula of Lκω can have any cardinality strictly less than κ, yet only finitely many of them can be in the scope of any quantifier when a formula appears as a subformula of another.Some authors only admit formulas with finitely many free variables in Lκω, and more generally only formulas with < λ free variables in Lκλ. In other infinitary logics, a subformula may be in the scope of infinitely many quantifiers.
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Pietarinen and T. Tulenheimo, eds. Springer 2009, pp.249-350. Accordingly, the logic-building paradigm adopted by computability logic is to identify the most natural and basic operations on games, treat those operators as logical operations, and then look for sound and complete axiomatizations of the sets of game- semantically valid formulas. On this path a host of familiar or unfamiliar logical operators have emerged in the open-ended language of computability logic, with several sorts of negations, conjunctions, disjunctions, implications, quantifiers and modalities.
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Thus, one can start from immersions and try to eliminate multiple points, seeing if one can do this without introducing other singularities – studying "multiple disjunctions". This was first done by André Haefliger, and this approach is fruitful in codimension 3 or more – from the point of view of surgery theory, this is "high (co)dimension", unlike codimension 2 which is the knotting dimension, as in knot theory. It is studied categorically via the "calculus of functors" by Thomas Goodwillie, John Klein, and Michael S. Weiss.
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In a decision tree, all paths from the root node to the leaf node proceed by way of conjunction, or AND. In a decision graph, it is possible to use disjunctions (ORs) to join two more paths together using minimum message length (MML). Decision graphs have been further extended to allow for previously unstated new attributes to be learnt dynamically and used at different places within the graph.Tan & Dowe (2003) The more general coding scheme results in better predictive accuracy and log-loss probabilistic scoring.
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The most common way in which formulas can become infinite is through infinite conjunctions and disjunctions. However, it is also possible to admit generalized signatures in which function and relation symbols are allowed to have infinite arities, or in which quantifiers can bind infinitely many variables. Because an infinite formula cannot be represented by a finite string, it is necessary to choose some other representation of formulas; the usual representation in this context is a tree. Thus formulas are, essentially, identified with their parse trees, rather than with the strings being parsed.
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Therefore, the whole logical disjunction indicates that the sentence is true. The second logical operand "donkeys are donkeys" is true because donkeys are donkeys. In accordance with step 1, in order to prove that the sophisma "All men are donkeys or men and donkeys are donkeys" is false then it should be looked at as a logical disjunctions sentence. In this case the sophisma could be interpreted as This presents "All men are donkeys" as the first logical operand and "men and donkeys are donkeys" as the second one.
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31-64 (Spanish translation of fragments) and to German.Anna Akasoy, Die Sizilianischen Fragen, Freiburg 2005 (fragmentary translation into German) Regarding the author's style, the book has obvious signs of eloquence and elegance, as well as extensive scientific knowledge. But at the same time, it warns, sometimes, a certain monotony, excessive rhetoric, with consequent abrupt interruptions retakes, disjunctions, etc. Through its pages the text shows a peculiar mix of Aristotelian influence and Neoplatonic Sufi mysticism, and an overview of the most important doctrines of the science of antiquity, including for instance, the logic of Aristotle.
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The simplest application of game semantics is to propositional logic. Each formula of this language is interpreted as a game between two players, known as the "Verifier" and the "Falsifier". The Verifier is given "ownership" of all the disjunctions in the formula, and the Falsifier is likewise given ownership of all the conjunctions. Each move of the game consists of allowing the owner of the dominant connective to pick one of its branches; play will then continue in that subformula, with whichever player controls its dominant connective making the next move.
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This species has a wingtip shaped similarly to the crescent form found on fast-flying birds and on the caudal fins of fast-swimming fish. These tips have leading edges that curve around to chordwise orientation and have trailing edges with aft-sweep or zero-sweep over the outer half of the tip. This bat's wings are considered as having low camber sections with faired humerus and radius bones, typical leading-edge flaps and surface disjunctions and protuberances. This allows this interceptor species to optimise for least drag generation at the expense of maximum lift ability at high speeds.
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Holland's compositions for the album had been performed at a New York City concert by a group including Randy Brecker on trumpet, Michael Brecker on tenor sax, Ralph Towner on guitar, Holland on bass, and Barry Altschul on percussion; "Braxton and Rivers, however, were chosen for the recording as better able to respond to the opportunist disjunctions offered within Holland's compositions.", p. 554. Each piece on the album is "open form," with a theme stated at the beginning to set key, tempo, and mood. The players are then free to improvise in whatever direction they choose.
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Pyomo allows users to formulate optimization problems in Python in a manner that is similar to the notation commonly used in mathematical optimization. Pyomo supports an object-oriented style of formulating optimization models, which are defined with a variety of modeling components: sets, scalar and multidimensional parameters, decision variables, objectives, constraints, equations, disjunctions and more. Optimization models can be initialized with python data, and external data sources can be defined using spreadsheets, databases, various formats of text files. Pyomo supports both abstract models, which are defined without data, and concrete models, which are defined with data.
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The book's purported main subject, that of history, is often drowned out in the surface noise of the competing discourses in which it is expressed. The pulling of the text between narrative strategies, and between systems of mythology, medicine and philosophy can be arresting, and sometimes annoying, but these are disjunctions which are meant to be there, and the clashes and shifts in register which we see in this work are most probably intentional. Whether this makes good or bad historiography is another matter. In this case, the results are not important in terms of success or failure, but in terms of their invention.
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The parallel recurrence ("precurrence") of A can be defined as the infinite parallel conjunction A∧A∧A∧... The sequential ("srecurrence") and toggling ("trecurrence") sorts of recurrences can be defined similarly. The corecurrence operators can be defined as infinite disjunctions. Branching recurrence ("brecurrence") ⫰, which is the strongest sort of recurrence, does not have a corresponding conjunction. ⫰A is a game that starts and proceeds as A. At any time, however, the environment is allowed to make a "replicative" move, which creates two copies of the then-current position of A, thus splitting the play into two parallel threads with a common past but possibly different future developments.
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SPARQL (pronounced "sparkle", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language—that is, a semantic query language for databases—able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. It was made a standard by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is recognized as one of the key technologies of the semantic web. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL 1.0 was acknowledged by W3C as an official recommendation, and SPARQL 1.1 in March, 2013. SPARQL allows for a query to consist of triple patterns, conjunctions, disjunctions, and optional patterns.
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Having practical decision procedures for classes of logical formulas is of considerable interest for program verification and circuit verification. Pure Boolean logical formulas are usually decided using SAT- solving techniques based on the DPLL algorithm. Conjunctive formulas over linear real or rational arithmetic can be decided using the simplex algorithm, formulas in linear integer arithmetic (Presburger arithmetic) can be decided using Cooper's algorithm or William Pugh's Omega test. Formulas with negations, conjunctions and disjunctions combine the difficulties of satisfiability testing with that of decision of conjunctions; they are generally decided nowadays using SMT-solving techniques, which combine SAT- solving with decision procedures for conjunctions and propagation techniques.
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A 2-satisfiability instance in conjunctive normal form can be transformed into an implication graph by replacing each of its disjunctions by a pair of implications. For example, the statement (x_0\lor x_1) can be rewritten as the pair ( eg x_0 \rightarrow x_1), ( eg x_1 \rightarrow x_0). An instance is satisfiable if and only if no literal and its negation belong to the same strongly connected component of its implication graph; this characterization can be used to solve 2-satisfiability instances in linear time. In CDCL SAT-solvers, unit propagation can be naturally associated with an implication graph that captures all possible ways of deriving all implied literals from decision literals, which is then used for clause learning.
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In Boolean logic, a formula is in conjunctive normal form (CNF) or clausal normal form if it is a conjunction of one or more clauses, where a clause is a disjunction of literals; otherwise put, it is a product of sums or an AND of ORs. As a canonical normal form, it is useful in automated theorem proving and circuit theory. All conjunctions of literals and all disjunctions of literals are in CNF, as they can be seen as conjunctions of one-literal clauses and conjunctions of a single clause, respectively. As in the disjunctive normal form (DNF), the only propositional connectives a formula in CNF can contain are and, or, and not.
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Under this system, it was considered to be abhorrent for a male to perform fellatio, since that would mean that he was penetrated (controlled), whereas receiving fellatio from a woman or another man of lower social status (such as a slave or debtor) was not humiliating. The Romans regarded oral sex as being far more shameful than, for example, anal sex – known practitioners were supposed to have foul breath and were often unwelcome as guests at a dinner table. In contrast to historical views on fellatio, cunnilingus is revered as a spiritually fulfilling practice in Chinese Taoism, which regards it as having the ability to enhance longevity.Octavio Paz (1969) Conjunctions and Disjunctions; trans.
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Mark Fisher characterised the hauntology movement as "a sign that 'white' culture can no longer escape the temporal disjunctions that have been constitutive of the Afrodiasporic experience", calling it contemporary electronic music's "confrontation with a cultural impasse: the failure of the future". Fisher stated that > [W]hen cultural innovation has stalled and even gone backwards, [...] one > function of hauntology is to keep insisting that there are futures beyond > postmodernity’s terminal time. When the present has given up on the future, > we must listen for the relics of the future in the unactivated potentials of > the past. Hauntological music is stated by academic Sean Albeiz to suggest "an uncanny mixture of shared but faded cultural memories with sinister undercurrents".
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Kleene's recursive realizability splits proofs of intuitionistic arithmetic into the pair of a recursive function and of a proof of a formula expressing that the recursive function "realizes", i.e. correctly instantiates the disjunctions and existential quantifiers of the initial formula so that the formula gets true. Kreisel's modified realizability applies to intuitionistic higher-order predicate logic and shows that the simply typed lambda term inductively extracted from the proof realizes the initial formula. In the case of propositional logic, it coincides with Howard's statement: the extracted lambda term is the proof itself (seen as an untyped lambda term) and the realizability statement is a paraphrase of the fact that the extracted lambda term has the type that the formula means (seen as a type).
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Dela Raza was the missing link or filler of the fundamental gaps or disjunctions between the Filipino Ilustrados and the common people known as the masa (referring to the "mass[ive number] of people" or the Philippine public), and between Filipino expatriates and the Filipinos who stayed in the Philippines. However, Dela Raza's knowledge of American issues and history made Viajero an allegorical reinforcement of "ideological interdependence" and reaffirmation of "American colonial tutelage", which was contrary to the goal of contemporary Filipino nationalists. Such goal was to define and diffentiate the Filipino view of nationalism from the American form of nationalism. Other characters include the wife of Leo Mercado, Father Jess, and Simplicio Verdad (a name meaning "Simple Truth" or "Simply True" in translation).
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His first book, published in 2003, was Les lieux et les choses qui entouraient les gens désormais. According to comics critic Thierry Groensteen, « […] It is not surprising that Manouach is also a jazz musician. His storytelling is entirely built as a succession of drone sounds, melodic lines, disjunctions, syncopations and improvisations and variations around a main theme ». In several later projects such as The Horse-Headed Statue, designed for an international architecture symposium in Greece in 2007, Écologie Forcée, a work commissioned by the :fr:Biennale d'Art contemporain du Havre in 2010 and Both Sides of a Wall, produced for the :fr:Festival de BD à Sierre in 2011, he uses exhibition space as a way to engage the spectator as the reader.
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Gothic Revival architecture became increasingly significant during the period, leading to the Battle of the Styles between Gothic and Classical ideals. Charles Barry's architecture for the new Palace of Westminster, which had been badly damaged in an 1834 fire, was built in the medieval style of Westminster Hall, the surviving part of the building. It constructed a narrative of cultural continuity, set in opposition to the violent disjunctions of Revolutionary France, a comparison common to the period, as expressed in Thomas Carlyle's The French Revolution: A History and Charles Dickens' Great Expectations and A Tale of Two Cities. Gothic was also supported by critic John Ruskin, who argued that it epitomised communal and inclusive social values, as opposed to Classicism, which he considered to epitomise mechanical standardisation.
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Mathematically speaking, necessity and sufficiency are dual to one another. For any statements S and N, the assertion that "N is necessary for S" is equivalent to the assertion that "S is sufficient for N". Another facet of this duality is that, as illustrated above, conjunctions (using "and") of necessary conditions may achieve sufficiency, while disjunctions (using "or") of sufficient conditions may achieve necessity. For a third facet, identify every mathematical predicate N with the set T(N) of objects, events, or statements for which N holds true; then asserting the necessity of N for S is equivalent to claiming that T(N) is a superset of T(S), while asserting the sufficiency of S for N is equivalent to claiming that T(S) is a subset of T(N).
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The DLV (DataLog with Disjunction, where the logical disjunction symbol V is used) system is a disjunctive logic programming system, implementing the stable model semantics under the Answer set programming paradigm. It extends the datalog language to allow the use of OR in rules. Briefly, disjunctive Datalog is a variant of Datalog where disjunctions may appear in the rule heads; advanced versions also allow for negation in the bodies, which can be handled according to a semantics for negation in disjunctive logic programming. A disjunctive Datalog rule is a clause of the form: :a_1 \vee \dots \vee a_n \leftarrow b_1 \wedge \dots \wedge b_m \quad 1 \leq n, 0 \leq m A disjunctive Datalog constraint is a clause of the form: :\leftarrow b_1 \wedge \dots \wedge b_m \quad 0 \leq m One of the most popular nonmonotonic logics is Reiter’s [1980] default logic.
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The early nineties also spawned the hour-long 'secular oratorio' Blackbird. Against the genre background of works like Elgar's Dream Of Gerontius and Britten's War Requiem he asserts the independence of "an obsessive, if undogmatic, experimenter ... [who] eschews notions of stylistic consistency in pursuit of solutions to specific ideas", for example in the careful design of a large canvas of seemingly unrelated stylistic references. Poole rejects the inference of 'eclecticism' if this means aping ready-made formuli: he sees the disjunctions as crucial - a set of koans, inviting the listener to sense subtler causes beneath the illusion of surfaces. It is thus not only in the vivid presence of music in flow, but in the silences, the discontinuities, and the timing of unnerving half-memories that his art reveals itself, bound together by voice rather than style.
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All three rather undistinguished books only slightly declined the prevailing lyric conventions of Canadian poetry. But they also differed significantly from each other. Davey's emerging tendency to modify or enlarge his poetics with each new book or cluster of books became more apparent in his first four poetry books of the 1970s and their differing approaches to a phenomenological prosody. Weeds (1970) is a sequence of one-paragraph prose poems with frequent disjunctions between the sentences. The Clallam (1973) is a narrative of a 1907 British Columbia shipwreck constructed in brief exclamatory sections that recall the abrasive mock narratives of Jack Spicer. King of Swords (1972) retells much of the Arthurian story in contemporary diction to suggest the continuing persistence of that story's self-destructive masculinism. Arcana (1973) uses longer lines, postmodern indeterminacy and the imagery of the Rider-Waite Tarot deck in purportedly unfinished 'manuscript poems,' each dated and printed within quotation marks.
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As a consequence of the research on concepts and the guppy effect, Aerts became intrigued by the results of James Hampton's experiments on membership weights of exemplars with respect to conjunctions and disjunctions of concepts, more specifically the effects that indicated severe deviations from the supposedly underlying classical logic and that Hampton called overextension and underextension. Aerts (i) proved that these effects could not be accounted for by a classical Kolmogorovian probability structure, and (ii) worked out a quantum modeling in Fock space for Hampton's experimental data, introducing interference and emergence as two quantum effects that did account for the deviations. An experiment was devised to provide direct evidence of the presence of entanglement when concepts are combined, and this experiment indeed delivered data violating Bell's inequality. In parallel, and in collaboration with Marek Czachor, Aerts identified interesting connections between the quantum approach to concept modeling and semantic theories in computer science, such as Latent Semantic Analysis, and symbolic artificial intelligence.
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Wagner unfortunately found that his audiences were not willing to follow where he led them: Finally Wagner announces: This is his first public announcement of the form of what would become the Ring cycle. In accordance with the ideas expressed in his essays of the period 1849–51 (including the "Communication" but also "Opera and Drama" and "The Artwork of the Future"), the four parts of the Ring were originally conceived by Wagner to be free of the traditional operatic concepts of aria and operatic chorus. The Wagner scholar Curt von Westernhagen identified three important problems discussed in "Opera and Drama" which were particularly relevant to the Ring cycle: the problem of unifying verse stress with melody; the disjunctions caused by formal arias in dramatic structure, and the way in which opera music could be organised on a different basis of organic growth and modulation; and the function of musical motifs in linking elements of the plot whose connections might otherwise be inexplicit. This became known as the leitmotif technique (see below), although Wagner himself did not use this word.
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Beasley was the founder and inaugural co-Director of the Fay Gale Centre from 2009 to 2013. In 2014 and 2015, she was Guest Professor, Centre for Gender Studies Karlstad University. In 1994, Beasley was awarded the Stephen Cole the Elder Prize for Teaching. One of Beasley's major intellectual contributions has been to explore possibilities for, and barriers to, dialogue across the sub-fields of gender studies: feminism, masculinity studies and sexuality studies. Beasley has brought attention to the ‘potential disjunctions’ that arise as a result of the different ‘theoretical frameworks or paradigms’ that shape the overall agendas of masculinity studies and feminist scholarship. Her work on the use of feminist theory in masculinities research has seen her described as ‘the most articulate critic on this point [in] arguing that men and masculinities researchers tend to set up “awkward couplings” between structuralist and poststructuralist traditions...’ Beasley is also known in the masculinity studies field through her critical yet supportive engagement with the work of Professor Emerita Raewyn Connell.
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