This isn't true of every politician, CEO, billionaire, or other decisionmaker.
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"Being a decisionmaker in a high-level public position is a lot different than being a CEO," Ghere said.
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It would be a great relief to have a responsible, evidence-based decisionmaker like Yellen controlling at least some levers of policy.
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"If I had been the decisionmaker, the removal would have been handled differently, with far more respect and far less drama," Rosenstein said.
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Here are their key conclusions: We found that Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker for any of the specific investigative decisions examined in this chapter.
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Mark Zuckerberg is the ultimate decisionmaker at Facebook—he is not only the CEO, he also controls a majority of the stock and cannot be overruled.
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"As the sole decisionmaker, the director can promulgate regulations and levy enforcement actions that have sweeping and longlasting effects on credit availability for consumers," the groups wrote.
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The difference with this president is he is the decisionmaker and he loves to have all the information brought to him," Lewandowski said on NBC's "Meet The Press.
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Despite the "cloud" that the text exchanges between Strzok and Page cast on the investigation, Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker in any of the investigations the inspector general examined.
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Cook, responding publicly for the first time to Trump's comments, explained that while Apple is not a policy "decisionmaker," it does have a responsibility to take a stance against government overreach.
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It emerged this week that the Chinese government has been taking action to make sure that the Chinese Communist Party is the ultimate decisionmaker at dozens of state-owned Chinese businesses.
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Despite the "cloud" that the text exchanges between Strzok and Page cast on the investigation, the inspector general found, Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker in any of the incidents the report examined.
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"It meant to influence in a way that changes something that's good and fit to something that's bad and unfit, namely the corruption of evidence or the corruption of a decisionmaker," he added.
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Plaintiffs now must show either that the discriminatory action occurred in a moment of bigotry or perhaps that bias has so thoroughly corrupted the decisionmaker as to render impossible decisions on any other basis.
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According to Horowitz, they found that "Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker for any of the specific investigative decisions examined," nor was there any evidence that he exercised inappropriate influence over any investigative decisions.
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"Simply because a decisionmaker made the statements during the campaign does not wipe them from the 'reasonable memory' of a 'reasonable observer,'" he wrote in his decision Monday morning to temporarily halt the ban.
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But despite the "cloud" that the text exchanges between Strzok and Page cast on the investigation, the inspector general found, Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker in any of the incidents the report examined.
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Inspector General Horowitz's exhaustive review of the Clinton email probe found that "Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker" for the key Clinton email probe decisions — he had a supervisor and others on his team all along.
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Horowitz's report was also highly critical of Strzok's conduct, stating that his text messages to Page cast a "cloud" on the investigation, but he noted that Strzok was not the sole decisionmaker in any of the investigations they examined.
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"Due process demands that a citizen held in the United States as an enemy combatant be given a meaningful opportunity to contest the factual basis for that detention before a neutral decisionmaker," Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote in the majority opinion.
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I spoke with 22016 current and former government officials and employees, lobbyists, industry insiders, consumer advocates, and members of Warren's inner circle to understand who Warren really is, not only as a policymaker but also as an executive, a decisionmaker, and a leader.
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My right to safe, legal, accessible abortion is a right granted first by my status as an autonomous decisionmaker … and secondly, it is a right already decided on and secured by the Supreme Court of the United States, and we intend to ensure it stays that way.
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"The Court finds that Plaintiffs have established a constitutionally-protected interest in their liberty, a right to due process which includes a hearing before a neutral decisionmaker to assess the necessity of their detention, and a likelihood of success on the merits of that issue," the judge wrote.
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Because both the lobbyist and his law firm apparently had business before EPA, the unorthodox lease arrangement with a "prohibited source" not only likely violates applicable ethics standards, it further compromised Pruitt's integrity as an impartial decisionmaker with respect to EPA's efforts to repeal the Clean Power Plan as part of its anti-regulatory agenda.
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The Justice Department counters that "as long as the decisionmaker sincerely believes the stated grounds on which he ultimately bases his decision, and does not irreversibly prejudge the decision or act on a legally forbidden basis, neither initial inclinations nor additional subjective motives constitute bad faith or improper bias" that would allow the court to order that additional evidence be added to the record.
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"To spend the time and effort and energy that we all do in the intelligence community to produce products that will help decisionmakers and the ultimate decisionmaker, the president of the United States, make policy decisions, and to be confronted with an absolute disbelief in those efforts and a unwillingness to learn the true state of affairs that he has to deal with every day was just shocking," he said.
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Florida (1961) and Taylor v. Louisiana (1975).” In Impartial Justice: The Real Supreme Court Cases That Define the Constitutional Right to a Neutral and Detached Decisionmaker.
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And it is a problem for the people whose > liberties may now be impaired not by an independent decisionmaker seeking to > declare the law's meaning as fairly as possible — the decisionmaker promised > to them by law — but by an avowedly politicized administrative agent seeking > to pursue whatever policy whim may rule the day. Subsequently, in Waterkeeper Alliance v. EPA the court did not defer to the agency's interpretation.
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Larkin, Justice Stewart argued that "[i]t is now well established that a biased decisionmaker [is] constitutionally unacceptable [and] our system of law has always endeavored to prevent even the probability of unfairness."Hortonville Joint School Dist., 426 U.S. at 497 (Stewart, J., dissenting) (internal citations and quotations omitted) (modification in Justice Stewart's opinion).
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Detainee's habeas petitions to the United States District Court for the District of Columbia were consolidated into two cases.Note, Daniel Freeman, One Case, Two Decisions: Khalid v. Bush, In re Guantanamo Detainee Cases, and the Neutral Decisionmaker, 24 Yale Law & Policy Review 241 (2006). In one, Judge Richard J. Leon rejected the detainees petition because they "have no cognizable Constitutional rights" on January 19, 2005.
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Milgrom's contribution to the understanding of legal institutions also includes one of the early express analyses of the functioning of adjudicatory institutions. In Milgrom and Roberts (1986b) the authors explore the role of strategic revelation in an adjudicatory setting. They show that the core notion that adversarial litigation will lead to the truth is true if the parties are symmetrically informed and both have access to verifiable evidence that demonstrates the truth and so long as one of the parties prefers the decision that even a naive decisionmaker (who chooses from a set of decisions suggested by the parties) will reach under full information to the alternative under partial information. They also show, building on Milgrom (1981c) and Grossman (1981) that a decisionmaker can induce parties with less than complete information to reveal enough to ultimately result in full revelation by adopting a skeptical posture, drawing sufficiently negative inferences from weak or non-existent evidentiary showings.
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Generally, in the United States, a person has the capacity or competence to make the decision to enter into a contract if the person has the ability to understand and appreciate, to the extent relevant, all of the following: (a) The rights, duties, and responsibilities created by, or affected by the decision. (b) The probable consequences for the decisionmaker and, where appropriate, the persons affected by the decision. (c) The significant risks, benefits, and reasonable alternatives involved in the decision. See, e.g.
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Geographic information systems (GIS) play a constantly evolving role in geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) and United States national security. These technologies allow a user to efficiently manage, analyze, and produce geospatial data, to combine GEOINT with other forms of intelligence collection, and to perform highly developed analysis and visual production of geospatial data. Therefore, GIS produces up-to-date and more reliable GEOINT to reduce uncertainty for a decisionmaker. Since GIS programs are Web-enabled, a user can constantly work with a decision maker to solve their GEOINT and national security related problems from anywhere in the world.
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O'Connell served as district attorney until 1968, when he sought election to a criminal judgeship on the Milwaukee County Circuit Court. In the general election, O'Connell faced Dominic Frinzi, a prominent attorney and politician who had represented underworld figure Frank Balistrieri; asserting his opposition to organized crime, O'Connell handily defeated Frinzi. As a judge, O'Connell was praised as a "superintellect" and as a fair decisionmaker. The Milwaukee Journal contrasted his moderate judicial philosophy favorably with the conservatism of fellow judge John L. Coffey, who was later appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit.
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Under Ford, once a prisoner seeking a stay of execution makes a "substantial threshold showing of insanity", he must be afforded a fair hearing at which the question of his competence to be executed can be resolved. This means he must have an "opportunity to be heard" by an impartial decisionmaker. In other words, the legal determination of his competence to be executed cannot rest solely on the determination of experts, because doing so would prevent the inmate from offering evidence to rebut any expert's opinion that he was competent to be executed. The Texas courts did not comply with these minimal procedures in Panetti's case.
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GEOINT, known previously as imagery intelligence (IMINT), is an intelligence collection discipline that applies to national security intelligence, law enforcement intelligence, and competitive intelligence. For example, an analyst can use GEOINT to identify the route of least resistance for a military force in a hostile country, to discover a pattern in the locations of reported burglaries in a neighborhood, or to generate a map and comparison of failing businesses that a company is likely to purchase. GEOINT is also the geospatial product of a process that is focused externally, designed to reduce the level of uncertainty for a decisionmaker, and that uses information derived from all sources.Chido, Diane E. "Structured Analysis of Competing Hypotheses Theory and Application," p. 9.
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87 These sources produce digital imagery via electro-optical systems, radar, infrared, visible light, multispectral, or hyperspectral imageries.Lowenthal, p. 83 The advantages of GEOINT are that imagery is easily consumable and understood by a decisionmaker, has low human life risk, displays the capabilities of a target and its geographical relationship to other objects, and that analysts can use imagery world-wide in a short time. On the other hand, the disadvantages of GEOINT are that imagery is only a snapshot of a moment in time, can be too compelling and lead to ill-informed decisions that ignore other intelligence, is static and vulnerable to deception and decoys, does not depict the intentions of a target, and is expensive and subject to environmental problems.
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Esri Supports Strategic Geospatial Initiatives at NGA, 12 July 2010, Esri News, Retrieved on 2010-12-20 The NGA has created a grouping of web-based capabilities called GEOINT Online. This program allows a user to search and access all NGA GEOINT documents from wherever they are stored and from wherever the user is. GEOINT Online provides quick, easy, and reliable access to current NGA intelligence products, changes in activities or regions, information from analyst's blogs and Intellipedia, geospatial imagery, maps and charts, major GIS commercial software packages, and GIS combinations of these products.GEOINT Online: Overview , NGA, Retrieved on 2011-01-08 A user can also edit and format existing NGA/GIS products and maps to create, print, and download new products that fulfill current decisionmaker requirements.
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Procedural due process requires government officials to follow fair procedures before depriving a person of life, liberty, or property. When the government seeks to deprive a person of one of those interests, procedural due process requires the government to afford the person, at minimum, notice, an opportunity to be heard, and a decision made by a neutral decisionmaker. This protection extends to all government proceedings that can result in an individual's deprivation, whether civil or criminal in nature, from parole violation hearings to administrative hearings regarding government benefits and entitlements to full-blown criminal trials. The article "Some Kind of Hearing" written by Judge Henry Friendly created a list of basic due process rights "that remains highly influential, as to both content and relative priority".
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Originally offered as a milder form of conditionality that ruled out multiple counterplans and locked the affirmative and negative into two policy options each: the counterplan and/or the status quo for the negative; the plan and/or the permutation for the affirmative. This formulation has the benefit of avoiding the irrational decisionmaker problem of unconditionality, which would require the judge to vote for a plan that is a bad idea to avoid a counterplan that is a worse idea. More recently, "dispositionality" has become an umbrella term for an express contract between the teams, generally clarified in 1NC cross- examination. The agreement usually entails a negative commitment to the counterplan provided that the affirmative is willing to compare it to the affirmative without making any conditional statements.
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AI-16 further decreed that, until the election and inauguration of the new President and Vice-President, the Military Junta would remain in place discharging the fullness of the authority of the presidency. Accordingly, the Military Junta remained in existence until the inauguration of General Emílio Médici as President of the Republic on October 30, 1969. There was no chairman of the junta, and all official acts of the Junta were jointly signed by its three members. While General Lyra Tavares, as representative of the Army, the most powerful branch of the Armed Forces in the operation of the regime, is believed to have been the main decisionmaker within the Junta, no formal precedence was assigned to its members, so as to preserve the principle of equality of the branches of the Military.
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In a unanimous decision by Chief Justice William Rehnquist, the Court held that attorneys may be compelled to belong to the State Bar, but that their mandatory dues could be used only to regulate the legal profession or improve the quality of legal services available to the people of the state.496 U.S. at 13-14 Reasoning that membership in the State Bar was analogous to membership in a labor union, the Court held that the Bar would have to implement the procedures established in Chicago Teachers Union v. Hudson,. that is, the objectors were entitled to an adequate explanation of the basis for the fee, a reasonably prompt opportunity to challenge the amount of the fee before an impartial decisionmaker, and an escrow for the amounts reasonably in dispute while such challenges are pending.Keller, 496 U.S. at 16, citing Hudson, 475 U.S. at 310.
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