Government "crowds out" private activity in such cases, hurting growth.
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Being in fundraising mode crowds out all other mental activity.
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"You aren't seeing the same crowds out canvassing," Tribbett said.
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She's right that an overemphasis on testing crowds out actual learning.
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If it crowds out the glass, I can always get a refill.
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It crowds out spending on schools, roads and other job-creating investments.
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Dealing with useless-information overload that crowds out the data they actually need.
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I fear it crowds out attention to local matters and the hometown paper.
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In fact, government funding of basic science crowds out that of the private sector.
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This crowds out other decision factors, and controls the choices available to an adversary.
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It's an all-consuming drama that crowds out all other concerns, including the political.
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But what do you do when one right crowds out or even cancels out another?
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And this space for a viewer's emotions is what much of "Dearest Home" crowds out.
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Their quest for significance crowds out their needs for self care, comfort, love, security, and stability.
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But it does have an unfortunate side effect: It crowds out discussion of other vital topics.
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Which then automatically crowds out the animal products, versus thinking about what you can't eat anymore.
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Another invasive is medusahead, a winter annual grass that crowds out native species and forage for livestock.
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Others hate it because, they say, it crowds out local competition and disrupts Puerto Rican neighborhoods and daily routines.
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Fortunately for those who have to wait the crowds out, you can now at least "listen" to Black Panther.
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Third, allowing bulk sales to launch people onto the list artificially crowds out books that actually earned their spots.
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Study of the 1996 welfare reform finds that government spending crowds out church giving by 20 to 38 percent.
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Ip, that might help democracy activists gather even larger crowds out of worry that she would introduce further security legislation.
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But [Russia] crowds out a stellar Supreme Court pick and the strong economy and anything else they are trying to push.
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This army of immature cells crowds out the useful ones, leaving the host highly vulnerable to internal bleeding or foreign invaders.
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"This crowds out the negative and populates your brain with positive things, which leads to a more positive outlook." said Robinson.
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You're conscious while poking your way through them that they're experimental objects, but never in a way that crowds out the stories.
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Barack Obama was never able to get the crowds out for Obamacare that he could get out for himself during the campaign.
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The more such businesses there are, the more a culture of prosperity forms, and crowds out corruption and other forms of bad governance.
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Warren's gripe is that the largest tech companies favor their own products, something known as "platform privilege," which crowds out every other player.
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It stems from a worldview that is so active against plutocracy that on a conceptual level it crowds out other kinds of concerns.
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Until now, Mr Bolsonaro has been reluctant to curb pension spending, even though it crowds out other public spending and slows economic growth.
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The hyper-aggressive grass crowds out native species, and eats up acre upon acre of tidal mudflat that countless migrating shorebirds desperately need.
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Cheap oil has a green lining, as it drags down the global price of natural gas, which crowds out coal, a dirtier fuel.
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It crowds out other sources of fulfillment and conceptions of the good life that together compose the rich mosaic of a dynamic society.
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Some say this level of openness to outside talent crowds out domestic players, diminishing opportunities for them, thereby hurting the English national team.
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"The presence of Medicaid crowds out insurance," said Gopi Shah Goda, a senior research scholar at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research.
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It crowds out time for subjects that aren't being tested and generates a lot of undue stress for parents and teachers and students.
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The neighbors sued under a revived common-law nuisance theory, but the mining company says the federal remedy crowds out all state remedies.
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This means that deficit spending no longer provides much if any economic boost, because it drives up interest rates and "crowds out" private investment.
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But Mr Allen's fascination with how scholars, both colonial British and Indian, pieced together the history of the region sometimes crowds out the history itself.
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He crowds out all these other stories and he's showing how to hack our coverage, and now others are learning how to do it too.
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But as the cancer crowds out the bone marrow, replacing healthy cells, patients may develop anemia, be more susceptible to infections, and bruise or bleed easily.
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While this crowds out low-income students, and many colleges say they would like to stop, they do not because their competitors are still doing it.
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Why it matters: The cost-shifting and complexity of health insurance can hide its high cost, which crowds out families' other needs and depresses workers' wages.
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Peele's smart writing would have brought the crowds out regardless, but credit at least some of Get Out's success to the emotionally charged times we live in.
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People seem to be reacting negatively to the full package of Trump, which crowds out their positive reaction to the job he is doing on the economy.
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Economists' main argument against budget deficits has long been that when the government borrows, it crowds out private-sector borrowing, thus misallocating resources and increasing interest rates.
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Steinhauser said Sanders is receiving the largest crowds out of any Democrat in New Hampshire, with more than 7,000 attending the University of New Hampshire event Monday night.
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All of a sudden, the repealers could not get anybody out anywhere, but liberals were able to get big crowds out to town halls all over the country.
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In her column, Sullivan inveighs against the bias toward political centrism and notes that it often crowds out thought-provoking political views on both the left and right.
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This crowds out journalists and other citizens and makes the companies "the de facto locus for federal records for entire industries, effectively privatizing an important public function," she wrote.
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From the macro point of view, when a country runs large deficits, it adds to demand, crowds out lending to the private sector and typically pushes up interest rates.
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The result is a spending regime that many economists believe is actually a drag on economic growth because it crowds out so much private sector investment and job creation.
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Frazier's tendency to leave things a little baggy, in combination with his commitment to understatement, sometimes crowds out the point of the shorter pieces, which can seem willfully slight.
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When it comes to Lear, Uglow's disability, if there is one, is that she is such an enthusiast that her enthusiasm crowds out, a little, her urge to explication.
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But he's working with a screenplay that doesn't give anyone space to breathe, and crowds out space for the philosophical reflection that knit together the book's seemingly disparate strands.
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"We can't all be goody two-shoes and sit in the car and do nothing, so maybe if it crowds out less safe behavior like texting that's good," Strayer said.
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What other word can you use to describe a plan that still crowds out smaller insurance providers by maintaining minimum coverage requirements that still don't make sense for millions of customers?
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It's a theory known as "crowd-out," suggesting government borrowing from a relatively fixed stock of loanable capital crowds out private borrowing, which in turn raises the cost of capital — i.e.
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Critics of federal support for energy innovation have suggested that the private sector will adequately invest in those energy technologies worth supporting and that federal investment merely crowds out private funding for research.
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While the foreign bid crowds out local investors in the secondary market, the primary bond auctions are out of reach for many smaller pension funds because of the minimum bid size at auctions.
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"Increased reliance on student debt crowds out an individual's access to other forms of household credit, which likely delays business formation and homeownership, important drivers of economic growth and wealth creation," Shenn wrote.
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Here is a leader who crowds out scandal with more scandal, who tends to insist that the buck stops elsewhere, who boasted of sexual assault on tape and got to the White House anyway.
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The real harm from fake news stems from its rapid spread, especially on social media platforms, so that it undermines trust in all news, corrupts the marketplace of ideas and crowds out real information.
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Prioritizing legacies crowds out applicants from lower-income backgrounds who arguably have a greater need for what elite schools offer: a great education, connections and resources, such as tuition scholarships and grants for unpaid internships.
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In the strange new world of "carbon" obsessions, expensive power is a benefit because it crowds out the costs of cheaper power, and environmental effects are assumed rather than analyzed in the light of actual evidence.
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There would be more "bang for the buck" for government investment if it were directed into under-performing regions of Britain which would reduce the risk that public investment merely crowds out the private sector, NIESR said.
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The traditional argument against incurring large amounts of debt has been that public borrowing crowds out other uses for investable resources, reduces national savings, and increases upward pressure on interest rates as borrowers compete for increasingly scarce resources.
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In areas where it likes to grow, such as open woodlands or alongside rivers and steams, the giant hogweed, which can reach heights of 20 feet, quickly crowds out the surrounding plant life and deprives them of precious sunlight.
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Two more state owned enterprises are expected to follow but Jakarta is also a drive to make them more profitable and ensure they do not overstretch themselves by taking on too many large projects, which also crowds out private firms.
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Military spending is the main driver of the federal deficit and crowds out domestic priorities, and both the socialist and the free market libertarian see scant evidence that American military intervention abroad has produced a better world for Americans or anyone else.
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If they want to succeed, they have to mix their shit up proper; unless you're one of those unusually distinctive legends working the crowds out in NYC who can ride on the same rhythm relentlessly, you'll get exposed by just tossing fastball after fastball.
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Constantly covering Trump's endless attacks on the press, his lies, his violations of basic decency and norms, crowds out coverage of arguably more consequential questions, like his baldfaced lying about the GOP's health care plan or the specifics of Democrats' agenda if they retake Congress.
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But in other ways, the emphasis on a presidential politics that rewards rallies, tweets, and highly personalized appeals — one that is increasingly participatory and open — is exactly the kind that crowds out quieter, gentler candidates and removes the incentives for civility and rhetorical restraint.
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But climate hawks should remain sensitive to the possibility that more solar is not always and everywhere better — that in some circumstances, more mandated solar could be worse than nothing, insofar as it crowds out cheaper low-carbon alternatives and raises costs without improving outcomes.
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"Even if we call screen time a neutral and assume it doesn't help or hurt, it may still have a negative impact if it crowds out time for seeing friends in person," lead researcher Jean Twenge, psychology professor at San Diego State University, told me in an email.
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This invader from Eurasia crowds out native grasses during its brief annual lifespan, dies to become flammable tinder, and then fuels unnaturally frequent and severe fires that wipe out the sagebrush communities that form the basis for so many native wildlife species, from pronghorn antelope to pygmy rabbits to sage-grouse.
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Not only does aging shrink the labor force's contribution to growth (it is projected to contribute only one-quarter of what it has historically), it creates a drag on capital as seniors spend down their savings, and it grows our debt due to strains on our entitlement programs, which crowds out private investment.
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And there is probably some point at which the amount of debt the government takes on crowds out private investment; to the degree that the supply of funds to borrow is finite, every dollar the government borrows is not available to be lent to a homeowner taking out a mortgage or a business looking to expand.
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It also crowds out the more revealing lawyerly divisions among the justices about what should matter in resolving hard cases — for example, the relative importance of national uniformity versus local diversity, of clear rules versus more contextual standards, of government authority versus individual rights, of deference to elected officials versus bureaucratic expertise, of the default rules for interpreting ambiguous language, and so forth.
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Differences on the trail The three candidates might be drawing closer together in the polls, but the diverging paths of their campaigns were on display this past weekend, as Warren was swept up by big crowds out west, Sanders kicked up a storm in Kentucky and Biden, in early-voting New Hampshire, occasionally slipped up when he went off-script.
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In the Notre Dame speech, this reassurance manifests itself in a restatement of the assumptions that have guided organized religious conservatism since the 1960s: that the chief threat to religious faith comes from secularizing elites; that the great moral debates of our time pit Christian rigorists on the right against moral relativists on the left; that religious conservatives and limited-government conservatives can be natural allies because the welfare state is an ersatz religious institution that crowds out private charity and churches.
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As information supply increases, the average time spent evaluating individual content has to decrease. Eventually, much communication is summarily ignored - based on very arbitrary and rapid heuristics that will filter out the information for example by category. Bad information crowds out the good - much the way SPAM often crowds out potentially useful unsolicited communications.
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A constitution for knaves crowds out civic virtues. The Economic Journal, 107(443), 1043–1053.Feld, L. P., & Frey, B. S. (2002).
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42-43 while also showing how distraction is the essential function of the waves of media that inundate us every day. The reproduction crowds out the original.
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In this case, the increase in interest rates crowds out an amount of private spending equal to increase in government spending. Thus, there is full crowding out if LM is vertical.
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It may also decrease bird presence in grasslands, which may in turn cause certain insect species populations to increase. In Vermont, Vincetoxicum nigrum crowds out the endangered species Jesup's milk vetch (Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupii). In Rhode Island, Vincetoxicum nigrum has been reported as reducing the effectiveness of electric fences, which may allow livestock to be put into danger or lost. In addition, Vincetoxicum nigrum crowds out a species of milkweed that monarch butterflies use as their larval food plant.
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On this account, then, the extent to which a given extrinsic incentive crowds out motivation is determined by the balance of the controlling versus status-signaling nature of the awards as perceived by the actor.
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Crowding out is also said to occur in charitable giving when government public policy inserts itself into roles that had traditionally been private voluntary charity. Crowding out has also been observed in the area of venture capital, suggesting that government involvement in financing commercial enterprises crowds out private finance.
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P. aurea is cultivated as an ornamental plant for gardens. In the United States, it is considered an invasive species that crowds out native species and is difficult to remove. It is also the most commonly cultivated bamboo in the United States. It is a cold-hardy bamboo, performing well in USDA zones 6 to 10, (Connecticut to Florida).
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It is now found in large stands throughout the northeastern United States, southeastern Canada and the American Midwest where it crowds out other species and is a threat to biodiversity.Thompson, D. Q., Stuckey, R. L., and Thompson, E. B. 1987. Spread, impact, and control of purple loose-strife (Lythrum salicaria) in North American Wetlands. U.S. Dept.
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It is now found in large stands throughout the northeastern United States, southeastern Canada and the American Midwest where it crowds out other species and is a threat to biodiversity.Thompson, D. Q., Stuckey, R. L., and Thompson, E. B. 1987. Spread, impact, and control of purple loose-strife (Lythrum salicaria) in North American Wetlands. U.S. Dept.
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In 1991, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service started an effort to eradicate alien sandbur, a grass that crowds out the native bunchgrass, which is habitat for the birds. Sandbur was first introduced in the 1960s by US Armed Forces personnel.Rauzon 2001, p.120. Costing almost one million dollars, the project ended in 2000 when the sandbur was completely removed.
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Federal regulation often acts as a signal to states. States may perceive this signal to mean more stringent regulation is necessary. Alternately, states may understand federal regulation to be a maximum standard or states may believe federal legislation crowds out state action. In some cases, states have reacted to federal environmental policy by enacting legislation to limit state agencies from enforcing standards more stringent than federal standards.
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Crowding out is most plausibly effective when an economy is already at potential output or full employment. Then the government's expansionary fiscal policy encourages increased prices, which lead to an increased demand for money. This in turn leads to higher interest rates (ceteris paribus) and crowds out interest-sensitive spending. At potential output, businesses are in no need of markets, so that there is no room for an accelerator effect.
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Has significantly reduced livestock production on infested pastures and rangeland. The first records of the species in Washington date back to the 1920s. HOW/WHY INTRODUCED: Cultivated as an ornamental, for use in fabric dye, and for medicinal purpose WHAT IMPACT: Dalmatian toadflax has no value as food, and crowds out valuable forage. The plants are reported to contain an iridoid glucoside and may be harmful to livestock.
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Economists are particularly concerned about whether public R&D; stimulates or crowds out the private sector R&D.; It is generally known as a 'policy success', if the public R&D; (especially the government R&D; subsidy) could stimulate the R&D; investment of private sectors. So far, there is no conclusive viewpoint in the literature (e.g., Toole, 2007 ;Cohen, Coval, and Malloy, 2011; Azoulay, Zivin, Li, and Sampat, 2018).
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The new equilibrium is at point B, where the interest rate has increased to R2 and the quantity of capital available to the private sector has decreased to K2. The government has essentially made borrowing more expensive and has taken away savings from the market, which "crowds out" some private investment. The crowding out of private investment could limit the economic growth from the initial increase government spending.
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The Market for Capital (the Loanable Funds Market) and the Crowding Out Effect. An increase in government deficit spending "crowds out" private investment by increasing interest rates and lowering the quantity of capital available to the private sector. Government spending can be a useful economic policy tool for governments. Fiscal policy can be defined as the use of government spending and/or taxation as a mechanism to influence an economy.
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Oftentimes the introduced species is better equipped to survive and competes with the native species for food or other resources. For example, the strawberry guava tree is one of Hawaii's worst invasive species. It is dangerous because it crowds out native plant species, breaks up natural areas, disrupts native animal communities, alters native ecosystem processes like water production, and provides refuge for alien fruit flies that are a major pest of Hawaiian agriculture.
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The hairs make the top surface of the leaf water- repellent, keeping the plant afloat even after being pushed under. A water body may be coated in a dense layer of the plants, which form a velvety mat that crowds out other plants. The hairlike roots extend out into the water. The leaves contain the cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae, which is a symbiont that fixes nitrogen from the atmosphere that the fern can use.Sood, A., et al. (2005).
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The lake has had a problem of being overrun with water chestnuts (water caltrops), an invasive species which crowds out native species. The plant, which evolved in Europe and Asia, is destructive to the native plants, fish, and birds. Volunteer groups have been organized to pull out the invasive weeds to help control the growth. In addition to the water chestnuts, in the summer, a large portion of the lake becomes covered in lily pads, which can add challenge and opportunity for fishing.
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Park Police officers on foot, and mounted on horseback, used riot gear such as batons and shields to drive assembled crowds out of the public park. The USPP released a statement that stated "no tear gas was used" by any law enforcement agency during the incident. Media subsequently reported that USPP assaulted the protesters with OC canisters, which were found at the scene. Australian journalists who were reporting live from the scene were assaulted by Park Police during the attack.
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In preparation for the 1952 Summer Olympics the building was expanded on the northern side. During the Olympics gymnastics, wrestling, boxing and weightlifting events as well as the basketball finals were held at the venue. In June 1966 the hot pitch used to fix the hall's roof caught fire. The ensuing blaze almost destroyed the whole building but was eventually extinguished with the help of 175 firemen and the army, the latter of which kept the gathered crowds out of the way.
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Farmers introduced the rapidly growing northern catalpa to Ohio to produce large amounts of timber for fenceposts. Three liabilities exist in urban areas where it is found as both a shade and an ornamental tree. Northern catalpa rains down fragments of its long fruits and fringed seeds from winter through spring, creating a cleanup chore. In addition, it often gets far too big for its allocated space in the landscape, and crowds out or casts too much shade on other desirable plants.
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Arnold Cove today is a silted in marsh with only a narrow, winding channel, exiting North toward Chepiwanoxet Beach that is no longer navigable. The cove is quickly being populated by Phragmites reed grass, an invasive species that can grow over 15' high and quickly crowds out natural habitats. If uncontrolled Phragmites may totally fill the entire cove in several decades. The shore along Chepiwanoxet once was one long winding sandy beach continually fed by erosion of the many high hills along the bays West coast.
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Blocking Medicaid expansion has been a longtime project of the FGA, as it sees Medicaid spending under the Affordable Care Act, or Obamacare, as unsustainable, threatening both state budgets and the services provided to traditional Medicaid patients. At the state level, Medicaid spending already crowds out funding for other critical services, such as primary and higher education, public safety, and infrastructure. A Harvard study found that the FGA’s involvement in this Medicaid debate was a key factor in whether or not a state expanded the program.
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Hydrilla crowds out native species, impedes irrigation, and clogs boat motors. When Hydrilla first takes hold, there is an initial upsurge in fish populations as bait fish, which form a vital link in the food chain, flourish in Hydrilla, but as the infestation grows too thick, it chokes out other plants and fish, who get caught in the weeds, and cannot swim. Hydrilla also has a harmful impact on bird populations. Hydrilla contains a harmful bacterium that acts as a neurotoxin for some birds.
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A 2017 study in The Journal of Human Resources found that exposure to cable television reduced cognitive ability and high school graduation rates for boys. This effect was stronger for boys from more educated families. The article suggests a mechanism where light television entertainment crowds out more cognitively stimulating activities. With high lead content in CRTs and the rapid diffusion of new flat-panel display technologies, some of which (LCDs) use lamps which contain mercury, there is growing concern about electronic waste from discarded televisions.
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Stefan Zweig looks back on pre-war Austrian - and especially Viennese - society and describes it as profoundly marked by a feeling of security, a sense shared by the entire population. At that time, the long-term visibility afforded by a stable political system and a currency backed by gold - a symbol of inalterability - made it possible for everyone to project themselves into the future with confidence. The belief in inevitable and unstoppable progress crowds out other views. It was at this time that many inventions revolutionized lives: the telephone, electricity, car, etc.
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Solanum viarum is native to Brazil and Argentina, and was first discovered in the United States in 1988, having probably been introduced through contaminated seed or other agricultural products. It crowds out native species and forage for livestock Its habitat is terrestrial, in fields, rights-of-way, and open forest. It is spread by livestock and wildlife, such as raccoons, deer, feral hogs, and birds feeding on fruits. It is classified as a noxious weed or plant in Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina, Texas and Vermont, and in California and Oregon is quarantine pest.
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The lack of disturbance in the habitat causes its degradation by allowing the encroachment of large vegetation that crowds out the annual plants. The habitat in this region is being destroyed outright, however, by other processes, particularly the development of residential, commercial, and industrial complexes and associated utilities such as water lines and sewers. The plant's range is on the outer fringe of the Nashville metropolitan area, which is undergoing rapid growth. These threats prompted the addition of this plant to the endangered species list of the US.
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Species are able to be transported across all parts of the world by humans or human-made vessels at boundless rates resulting in foreign ecosystem engineers changing the dynamics of species interactions and the possibility for engineering to occur in locations that would not have been accessible by engineers without the mediation by humans. Introduced species, which may be invasive species, are often ecosystem engineers. Kudzu, a leguminous plant introduced to the southeast U.S., changes the distribution and number of animal and bird species in the areas it invades. It also crowds out native plant species.
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However, it is popular in home vegetable gardens because it produces a crop after only four months of growth and continues producing for the life of the vine, as long as two years. Also, the bulbils are easy to harvest and cook. In 1905, the air potato was introduced to Florida and has since become an invasive species in much of the state. Its rapid growth crowds out native vegetation and it is very difficult to remove since it can grow back from the tubers, and new vines can grow from the bulbils even after being cut down or burned.
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By 1957 the pavilions and curling storage buildings had disappeared and the loch is marked as disused. In 1957/8 a local from New Farm recorded that the fields around the loch were littered with curling stones and the loch itself, although drained, was still very visible; an oblong shape totally surrounded by trees with the drainage apparatus at the end and a sawmill on the edge nearest to New Farm. The Dick Institute in Kilmarnock holds oil paintings and photographs of curlers on New Farm Loch. One, by local artist Alexander MacKay, shows a late afternoon view, there are crowds out on the ice, with a wide range of townsfolk.
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Protesters and groups called for Jonathan to resign over the removal of fuel subsidies. After five days of national protests and strikes, on 16 January, Jonathan announced that the pump price of petroleum would be 97 naira per litre compared with a post- subsidy level of 147 naira. The government followed the advice of international experts that claimed the fuel subsidy ($8 billion per year, or 25% of the government annual budget) was not sustainable. Brookings Institution, a think tank, praised the government's move, arguing that the subsidy crowds out other development spending, like education, and that it discourages investment in the country's economic lifeblood, the oil sector.
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First, unlike glucose, which is metabolised throughout the body, the fructose produced from the breakdown of sucrose is metabolised almost exclusively in the liver, where much of it is converted to fat. Secondly, since it is not uncommon for people to take as much as 30 % of their daily caloric intake as sucrose, this consumption crowds out more desirable foods and can sometimes lead to deficiencies of certain nutrients. Thirdly, since many people find sucrose appetising, it is often taken in excess of caloric requirements, thus leading to obesity. The author then turns to the evidence that the consumption of sucrose is associated with certain specific disorders other than obesity.
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Because it cannot compete with established plants, great mullein is no longer considered a serious agricultural weed and is easily crowded out in cultivation, Reprinted in Mulligan, G.A. (1979), The Biology of Canadian Weeds I, , pp. 320–331. except in areas where vegetation is sparse to begin with, such as Californian semi-desertic areas of the eastern Sierra Nevada. In such ecological contexts, it crowds out native herbs and grasses; its tendency to appear after forest fires also disturbs the normal ecological succession. Although not an agricultural threat, its presence can be very difficult completely to eradicate and is especially problematic in overgrazed pastures.
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The extreme-right wing and right-wing political powers' immediate disagreement over this transaction is understandable, since they feared new danger due to this cosmopolitan landmark's change of hands. They did not make their anger heard only in newspaper articles, but they also planned illegal actions with the aim to breach the peace and scare the crowds out of the theatre. The minor terrorist activities did not yet immediately endanger the lives of citizens, but the explosion of a stinkbomb scared the well-dressed, unprotected crowds into the streets. With the act of the selling of the Vígszínház, everyone had the instinctive feeling that a new era had begun.
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Although the channel tunnel project failed in 1881, Watkin remained a driven innovator, inspired by grand schemes which could augment his railway empire. Among his numerous railway executive appointments, Watkin was chairman of the Metropolitan Railway (MR), an expanding London transport company which was later to become the Metropolitan line of the present-day London Underground system. Watkin was keen to attract more passengers onto his trains and was aggressively extending his railway into Buckinghamshire. He also considered transporting Londoners out into the countryside as a business opportunity and needed a major attraction to lure the crowds out of the city and onto his trains.
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Film student and would-be writer/director Nick Chapman, a native of the Midwest, finds himself the winner of a prestigious student film contest in LA. Overnight, Hollywood VIPs want to make deals with Nick. He settles on a quirky agent to represent him, and signs a deal with a major film studio to make his dream movie. Nick finds the Hollywood studio "process" distasteful, and is forced to make many creative compromises, but he now has money and meets fast, new Hollywood friends. Likewise, the now- affected Nick throws old friends overboard, as his instant success crowds out his old relationships, including that with his girlfriend, Susan.
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Brainstem(where HSD2 neurons are located) The term "HSD2 neurons" is used in the scientific literature to refer to a subpopulation of neurons in the NTS which express both the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (HSD2). HSD2 is an enzyme that metabolizes cortisol and other glucocorticosteroids, which typically prevent aldosterone from binding to the mineralocorticoid receptor. This pre-receptor mechanism for modifying hormone binding is necessary for cellular sensitivity to aldosterone because, under physiologic conditions, cortisol circulates at 100-1000 times higher concentrations than aldosterone. As both cortisol and aldosterone bind the mineralocorticoid receptor with equal affinity, cortisol effectively crowds out aldosterone in cells without abundant HSD2.
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The fell is actively managed by Durham County Council, in an effort to maintain a broad range of heathland species, including such desirable species as heath bedstraw, Galium saxatile, and common tormentil, Potentilla erecta. Bracken is particularly troublesome because it crowds out the heather and associated species. The County Council has used a combination of burning and selective herbicides to control the bracken, and in 2007 embarked on a three-year trial of a more environmentally-friendly method, using heavy horses to pull a roller that crushes the bracken. These measures have not been entirely successful; areas that have been burnt are susceptible to invasion by rosebay willowherb, Epilobium angustifolium, while crushed areas have been colonised by the alien invasive heath star moss, Campylopus introflexus.
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