Sentences Generator
And
Your saved sentences

No sentences have been saved yet

"crofting" Definitions
  1. a system of farming on a small scale in Scotland
"crofting" Synonyms
agriculture cultivation farming agronomy husbandry tillage tilling agronomics horticulture culture agribusiness farm management land management agricultural science crop growing crop production food production gardening planting growing
"crofting" Antonyms
industry

394 Sentences With "crofting"

How to use crofting in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "crofting" and check conjugation/comparative form for "crofting". Mastering all the usages of "crofting" from sentence examples published by news publications.

type: All Declarative Interrogative Exclamative

structure: All Simple Compound Complex Compound-Complex

length: All <=10 words 10-20 words 20-30 words 30-50 words

The former crofting home is owned by the National Trust of Scotland and visitors can stay there throughout the year.
Even with the grants, the windswept land is unlikely to be profitable, so the trust expects that crofting tenants will have second jobs.
While many who left typically planned to earn money for a few years before returning home, the realities of crofting made that difficult, explains Lawson.
She, flanked by her ponies, collected peat, made fishing lines to catch dinner and learned about the role of Shetlands in crofting, a form of farming.
Perhaps there is an argument to be made that making jokes at the expensive of really fucking boring producers and even more boring DJs will eventually do us all a massive favor as said DJs and producers confront the mediocrity of their life's work and retreat into ether to take up crofting or retraining as a dental hygienist.
In 2018 they won Best Crofting Newcomer awarded by the Scottish Crofting Federation at the Spirit of Crofting Festival“Celebrating the Spirit of Crofting Event” Scottish Crofting Federation. Retrieved 7 December 2019 and the Cairngorms Nature Farm Award awarded by the Cairngorms National Park Authority.“Awards”. Lynbreck Croft. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
Crofting households represented around 30% those in the rural areas of the Highlands, and up to 65% of households in Shetland, the Western Isles and Skye. There were 770,000 hectares under crofting tenure, roughly 25% of the agricultural land area in the Crofting Counties. Crofters held around 20% of all beef cattle (120,000 head) and 45% of breeding ewes (1.5 million sheep).. Crofting is regulated by the Crofting Commission.
The Crofting Commission () took the place of the Crofters Commission () on 1 April 2012 as the statutory regulator for crofting in Scotland. Based in Inverness, it is an executive non-departmental public body of the Scottish Government. The Commission comprises six Crofting Commissioners elected from geographic areas in the crofting counties, and three Commissioners appointed by the Scottish Government. The Convener is appointed from among Commission members.
Established under the Crofting Reform (Scotland) Act 2010, this register allows crofters to register an interest in the crofting land. Registration is required in certain circumstances.
Crofting has sustained rural communities in some of the remotest and most fragile areas in Western Europe. Crofting provides sustainable livelihoods, fresh local produce, a secure homestead and vibrant communities. Small-scale eco-friendly systems, as practiced by crofters, is an alternative to industrial agriculture. Most of the UK’s High Nature Value farming is found in the crofting areas.
The Scottish Crofting Federation (SCF), which was formerly called the Scottish Crofting Foundation (itself formerly called the Scottish Crofters Union), is an organisation of crofting communities in the highlands and islands of Scotland. The SCF is the only member-led organisation dedicated to promoting crofting and is the largest association of small-scale food producers in the UK. Its mission is to safeguard and promote the rights, livelihoods and culture of crofters and their communities. Its magazine is called The Crofter.
The Crofters Commission regulates crofting in the Scottish Highlands and Islands.
Badninish is a small crofting hamlet in Dornoch, Sutherland, Highland, Scotland.
The modern Crofters Commission was established by the Crofters (Scotland) Act 1955. The name of the Commission changed to the Crofting Commission in 2012 following the coming into force of the Crofting Reform (Scotland) Act 2010.
Rhelonie () is a crofting hamlet in the Highland region of Scotland. Rhelonie is 2 miles northwest of the village of Culrain and 4 miles northwest of Ardgay. 2 miles west of Rhelonie lies the crofting hamlet of Achnahanat.
Borve or Borbh is a crofting township on the Isle of Skye, Scotland.
Feriniquarrie () is a remote scattered crofting township, situated close to Glendale, on the Duirinish peninsula, in Isle of Skye, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The crofting township of Glasphein lies directly to the southeast.
The Scottish Land Court has jurisdiction over disputes involving agricultural tenancies and crofting rights.
For Scotland see Crofting, a traditional and long- established means of tenant and subsistence farming.
Crofting is a traditional social system in Scotland defined by small-scale food production. Crofting is characterised by its common working communities, or "townships". Individual crofts are typically established on of in-byePertaining to the direction towards the house. for better quality forage, arable and vegetable production.
Sollas () is a small crofting township on the northern coast of the island of North Uist, Scotland.
Coldbackie () is a crofting township in Sutherland and is in the Scottish council area of Highland Scotland.
He provided the photographs for Hugh Quigley's The Highlands of Scotland (1936) in The Face of Britain series, and F. Fraser Darling's Crofting Agriculture – Its Practice in the West Highlands and Islands (1945).Crofting Agriculture. Its Practice in the West Highland and Islands. Books and Ephemera, 27 June 2012.
Bornesketaig, Scottish Gaelic Borgh na Sgiotaig, is a dispersed crofting settlement in Trotternish on the Isle of Skye.
At the autumn 2010, the islands of Housay and Bruray were on sale for £250,000. "The main islands are held under crofting tenure. The crofting community have been offered the opportunity to register their interest in acquiring the property but have formally declined from doing so."Out Skerries, Shetland . Homesandproperty.co.uk.
The main economic activities in Ross and Cromarty are crofting, fishing and tourism. The population as of 2001 was 49,967.
The crofting community of Skye-of-Curr stretches for a mile to the south, and this is in Inverness-shire.
East Mey is a scattered crofting village in northern Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Balgarva () is a crofting settlement on South Uist in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Balgarva is within the parish of South Uist.
The crofters also believed that some of the portions would be directly administered by the owners, rather than a professional factor.One of the crofters stated It's a breach of trust, we believe, in the traditional relationship between the crofting tenants and the landlords. We want to retain the crofting lands as a complete unit MacAskill (1999) pp.
Cromore () is a crofting township on the Isle of Lewis in the district of Pairc, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The settlement is within the parish of Lochs. Cromore is about 27 miles away by road from Stornoway, the nearest town. Although in decline as a crofting township, Cromore is within one of Scotland's National Scenic Areas.
T.M. Devine, Clanship to Crofters' War, (Manchester ; Manchester Univ. Press, 1994)pp212-3 Murdoch's kilted figure became familiar in crofting townships as he urged crofters to organise and stand up for themselves. Affectionately known as Murchadh na Feilidh (Murdo the kilt), he encouraged the crofting population to set higher value on their country, race, lore and language.
The Steering Group organise the Camuscross Crofting Olympics, an afternoon of serious and not-so-serious competitions in August. It became a community company, becoming incorporated on 22 December 2008, with the name of Camuscross Community Initiative. When the company decided to add the neighbouring crofting township to its area of benefit, it became Camuscross & Duisdale Initiative.
The area also contains Bronze Age burial cairns, the remains of an Iron Age settlement, and the ruins of later crofting townships.
Retrieved 20 October 2012. and a second record describes the area as a crofting "township"."Mugeary, Skye: Township". RCAHMS. Retrieved 20 October 2012.
', crofting town near in the Isle of Skye The Crofters Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886 () is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created legal definitions of crofting parish and crofter, granted security of land tenure to crofters and produced the first Crofters Commission, a land court which ruled on disputes between landlords and crofters. The same court ruled on whether parishes were or were not crofting parishes. In many respects the Act was modelled on the Irish Land Acts of 1870 and 1881. By granting the crofters security of tenure, the Act put an end to the Highland Clearances.
No breeding seems to occur in the crofting area, although the birds may feed here later in the year when the young are independent.
Torgormack is a crofting township in the Inverness-shire region in the Scottish council area of the Highland and is located close to Beauly.
Weydale () is a remote scattered crofting settlement, lying 3 miles southeast of Thurso, Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
The Commission is supported by around 60 staff led by a Chief Executive. The vision of the Commission is to be a guiding regulator that uses its powers to support the crofting system. Its purpose is to regulate the crofting system fairly and reasonably to protect it for future generations. The first Crofters Commission was established in 1886 by the Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act.
The traces of the old poorhouse can still also be found on the roadside. Today the community is truly international. Although many houses have been decrofted, there has been some successful revival of traditional crofting too, with Highland cattle joining Cheviot sheep on the community's common grazing. Access to broadband has made cyber-crofting possible, which also adds to the long-term viability of the township.
Despite its challenges, crofting is important to the Highlands and Islands. In 2014-15 there were 19,422 crofts, with 15,388 crofters. Some crofters have the tenancy of more than one croft, and in-croft absenteeism means that tenancies are held but crofts are not farmed. About 33,000 family members lived in crofting households, or around 10% of the population of the Highlands and Islands.
Kilmory (Cill Mhoire in Gaelic meaning "Mary's Cell" or "Church of Mary") is a small crofting (township) hamlet on the north coast of Ardnamurchan, western Scotland.
Ardclach (Gaelic: Àird Chlach) is a small crofting hamlet, close to Glenferness in the old county of Nairn, Scotland, within the Scottish council area of Highland.
Fasach () is a crofting settlement in Glendale on the Duirinish peninsula of the Isle of Skye, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Eynort and Talisker are further south. Crofting is a mainstay of the economy and Talisker whisky is distilled in Carbost. The Gaelic name Minginis means "main headland".
Ramscraig is a small scattered crofting hamlet, located 2 miles southwest from Dunbeath, in eastern Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
The remains of the settlement were given Scheduled Monument designation by Historic Scotland on 5 March 1993. The decision was made on the grounds that it was of national importance as a well- preserved and documented settlement showing the evolution from a pre-crofting to a crofting economy, and which therefore has the potential to provide information about the Scottish rural economy and society in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Crofting communities were badly hit by the Highland Potato Famine. The small arable plots had meant that the potato was an essential crop, due to its high productivity. The arrival of potato blight (and the collapse of the kelp industry a few years before) made some crofting communities inviable. This gave rise to the second phase of the Highland Clearances, when many tenants left the Highlands, often emigrating.
Upper Lybster is a scattered and crofting village, situated 2 miles north of Lybster, in eastern Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
The Cabinet Secretary's responsibilities are agriculture and crofting, fisheries and aquaculture, food and drink, Highlands and Islands Enterprise, South of Scotland Enterprise, rural Scotland, forestry, animal health, and tourism.
Strathkanaird (also Strathcanaird) () is a remote crofting township around seven miles north of Ullapool, in western Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Arnish Industrial EstateTraditional industries on Lewis are crofting, fishing and weaving. Though historically important, they are currently in decline and crofting in particular is little more than a subsistence venture today. Over 40% of the working population is employed by the public sector (chiefly Comhairle nan Eilean Siar, the local authority; or NHS Western Isles). Tourism is the only growing commercial industry, bringing in over £45 million a year in revenue to the islands.
Balallan (), meaning "Allan's Town", is a crofting township on the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Balallan is within the parish of Lochs. The township has the distinction of being the longest village ( from end to end) in Lewis, and also in northern Scotland. Straggled along the head of a long sea loch between Arivruach and Laxay, it developed due to a mixture of crofting along the loch shore and fishing.
The census of 1841 recorded 167,283 people living in the crofting region (as per T. M. Devine's definition of the term), whilst the "farming" south and east Highlands contained 121,224 people.
Ardechive () is a small crofting hamlet, located on the shores of Loch Arkaig, close to Achnasaul and Spean Bridge, county of Inverness-shire, Scotland, within the Scottish council area of Highland.
Who Owns Scotland. Retrieved 28 December 2012.MacPhail, Issie (2002) Land, Crofting and The Assynt Crofters Trust: A Post-Colonial Geography?. University of Wales/Academia.edu. p. 174. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
Cottage on the road to Skerray harbour The Skerray economy, historically based on crofting and fishing, saw dramatic changes in its population, which fell from 500 in 1926 to around 100 by the 1980s. In the late 19th century, the North Sea Pilot noted that, "At Skerray, Isle Roan, and Torrisdale, 25 boats and 120 men and boys are employed in the fisheries." Skerray has been a crofting community, though with the decline of crofting in this area, dwellings are expected to be converted to holiday homes. A five-year Scottish National Heritage research project that began in 1994 gave some of Skerry's crofters the opportunity to participate in an agricultural and environmental management study in exchange for annual payments.
The origin of the name Waternish is controverse. The history of the peninsula is a long (and often bloody) one involving clan feuds, massacres, de-population during the Highland Clearances, and eventual re-vitalisation. Originally consisting of small crofting communities, Waternish now has a growing population and is home to various arts and crafts enterprises. Whilst the main industry on Waternish is tourism, there has also been a revival in recent years of crofting or small-scale agriculture.
Tarskavaig (Tarsgabhaig in Scottish Gaelic) is a crofting village on the West coast of Sleat on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. It sits in a glen which meets Tarskavaig Bay and lies opposite the Isles of Eigg, Rum and Canna. It is often said that Tarskavaig has the best view of the Cuillin in Skye. Tarskavaig is a traditional crofting village with a high number of Gaelic speakers, several families with children, and active crofters.
In 1951, MacPherson was appointed to the Commission of Enquiry into Crofting Conditions led by Sir Thomas Taylor (and therefore also known as the Taylor Commission). She argued for the nationalisation of all farms above 3,000 acres and against crofters being able to purchase their crofts, as she was a supporter of community ownership. The Commission published their report in 1954. This caused the establishment of the Crofters Commission (the statutory regulator for crofting in Scotland).
The Passenger Vessels Act was repealed in 1827 and in 1841 a select committee of the House of Commons concluded that the crofting parishes had a surplus population of 45,000 to 60,000.
Newton of Ferintosh is a scattered crofting township on the Black Isle in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is between the villages of Tore and Maryburgh, alongside the A835 road.
Margaret Hope MacPherson (born MacLean; 29 June 1908 – 21 October 2001) was a Scottish crofter, politician, author, and activist. During her later life, she was known as the "First Lady of Crofting".
Suilven from the air, showing the steep-sided mountain slopes and rough moorland landscape typical of Assynt. In 1989, the northwest portion of the Assynt estate was renamed the North Lochinver Estate and put on the market by its owners, the Vestey family. This area consisted almost entirely of crofting land, with 13 crofting townships being set up during the Highland Clearances. The purpose of the sale was to raise money for the owners to buy more hill ground suitable for deer stalking.
Kyle of Lochalsh The village is the transport and shopping centre for the area as well as having a harbour and marina with pontoons for maritime visitors. The Plock offers a local woodland hike and viewpoint over the peninsula. The surrounding scenery and wildlife are regarded as attractions of the village, as is the slow pace of life. Crofting as well as more recent crofting pursuits like salmon farming are some of the activities taking place in Kyle of Lochalsh.
However, by owning their own land, crofters lost the right to CCAGS (Crofting Counties Agricultural Grant Scheme). In the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 the right of purchase was given to community organizations even against the will of landowners, to advance social and economic development. The Crofting Reform (Scotland) Act 2010 granted equality between tenants and landowners, especially with regard to grants and obligations and clarified the details of residency requirements. Now, tenants or owners must live within of the croft.
A contemporary writer thought that a crofter would have to do work away from his holding for 200 days a year if his family were to avoid destitution. The various industries the crofting townships were supposed to support mostly prospered in the first quarter of the 19th century (drawing workers over and above the originally intended population of townships) but declined or collapsed over its second quarter. The crofting areas were correspondingly impoverished, but able to sustain themselves by a much greater reliance on potatoes (it was reckoned that one acre growing potatoes could support as many people as four acres growing oats). Between 1801 and 1841 the population in the crofting area increased by over half, whereas in the eastern and southern Highlands the increase in the same period was under 10 percent.
Challister is a crofting township and ward in northwestern Whalsay in the parish of Nesting in the Shetland islands of Scotland. Loch Vats-houll is in the vicinity. To the north is Challister Ness.
He also sits on various other cross-party groups (CPG), including the; CPG on Chronic Pain, CPG on Cooperatives, CPG on Crofting, CPG on Dyslexia, CPG on Life Sciences and the CPG on MS.
Treaslane ()Gaelic Place-Names of Scotland is a small remote scattered crofting hamlet on the Isle of Skye, Scotland. It overlooks the western entrance to Loch Treaslane and Loch Snizort Beag to the north.
Huna is a small remote crofting township, located 1 mile northeast of Canisbay and 1.5 miles west of John o' Groats in Caithness, in Scotland. It is currently part of the Highland Council area.
The modern economy centres on tourism, crofting, farming, fishing, and whisky distilling. The archipelago is exposed to wind and tide. There are numerous lighthouses as an aid to navigation. "Lighthouse Library" Northern Lighthouse Board.
Houstry is a scattered crofting village, in the east coast of Dunbeath, Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.A large wind farm has been built next to the village.
Dalreavoch () is a small crofting hamlet in Rogart in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The River Brora which rises in Ben Armine, east of Loch Shin, passes Dalreavoch.
Duncanston is a scattered crofting and rural village, lying 3 miles east of Conon Bridge, on the Black Isle in Inverness, within the Scottish Highlands and is part of the Scottish council area of Highland.
Some left, but others erected shelters for their families on the stolen plots. Leverhulme was evidently not willing to prosecute ex-servicemen who were trying to secure homes for their families, and it seems unlikely that, under the circumstances, legal action would have succeeded. Instead, he toured Lewis trying to persuade them that their future lay with him and not in the crofting system. They were, however, extremely reluctant to abandon old ways and most of them continued to espouse the crofting way of life.
Map of Skye and Raasay The primary employment is in tourism, working for the ferry company, crofting and fishing, or commuting to work on Skye. A twenty-five- minute ride by the car and passenger ferry connects the island with Sconser on Skye. There is a primary school, but older students go to Portree High School by the ferry and bus. Sites of interest include the remains of a broch, the ruins of Brochel Castle, inscribed stones, abandoned crofting communities, and many walking paths.
The cottage called "Knockan" is distinguished by its bright red roof and white walls, set by a small hill; cnocan in Gaelic means "little hill". The cottage is around 200 years old and was originally built by a weaver of the local crofting community. It is now owned by his descendants, the family of Donald Black. The other crofting cottages in the "township" of Knockan include "Knockan House" and "Rhudda na Cruban" Knockan is situated on an unclassified road, north of its junction with the A849.
In northern and western areas of Scotland, many people live in small crofting townships, such as here on the Isle of Skye.Ruins of the township of Arichonan, forcibly cleared in 1848 as part of the Highland Clearances. Caol Scotnish can be seen in the middle distance with Loch Sween farther out. In Scotland a crofting township is a group of agricultural smallholdings (each with its own few hectares of pasture and arable land (in-bye land)) holding in common a substantial tract of unimproved upland grazing.
The Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 is an Act of the Scottish Parliament which establishes statutory public rights of access to land and makes provisions under which bodies representing rural and crofting communities may buy land.
Leirinmore () is a crofting township in the parish of Durness on the northern coastline of Scotland, in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands. It is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Smoo Cave is located close to Leirinmore.
Idrigill is a small crofting village, on the coast of Uig Bay, on the west side of the Trotternish Peninsula, in Portree, Isle of Skye, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Clousta is a hamlet on Mainaland, in the island's west, Shetland, Scotland. Approximately seventy people live here, many of whom are commuters, but local industries include mussel farming, and crofting. Clousta is in the parish of Sandsting.
Most of the plots of land used to be used for crofting, but this has declined in the last 50 years. The road leading to the village is the B8060, and continues on to Orinsay and Lemreway.
Inshegra is a small crofting village, located two miles south east of Badcall and lies at the south east coast of Loch Inchard, in Lairg, Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Extensive land management methods have created and preserved the habitats of many rare species now threatened elsewhere in the UK, and continuing crofting land use is recognised as having an important role in maintaining and increasing biodiversity.
Together with the better climate of the southern and eastern Highlands, the more diverse agricultural system gave a reasonable level of prosperity to the area. Agricultural change in the Hebrides and the western coastal areas north of Fort William produced a different economic and social structure. This area is termed the "crofting region"; crofting communities became the dominant social system here, as land was enclosed and the run rig management of the multi- tenant replaced. The major part of the land was given over to large-scale pastoral sheep farming.
Each township manages poorer-quality hill ground as common grazing for cattle and sheep. Land use in the crofting counties is constrained by climate, soils and topography. Since the late 20th century, the government has classified virtually all of the agriculture land in the Highlands and Islands as Severely Disadvantaged, under the terms of Less Favoured Area (LFA) Directive, yet these areas still receive the lowest LFA payments. Most crofters cannot survive economically by crofting agriculture alone, and they pursue a number of other activities to earn their livelihood.
Airidh a' Bhruaich (Arivruaich - anglicised) is a scattered crofting township in the South Lochs district of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. It lies at the head of the sea loch of Loch Seaforth.
Muir of Tarradale is a scattered crofting township, lying 1.5 miles east of Muir of Ord on the western side of the Black Isle, in Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Muir of Allangrange is a scattered crofting township, lying 3 miles northeast of Muir of Ord on the western side of the Black Isle, in Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
West Langwell is a small crofting settlement in Rogart, Sutherland is in the Scottish council area of Highland within the Scottish Highlands. The village of East Langwell lies directly southeast of West Langwell, and approximately north of Golspie.
Murray (1966) pp. 156–61. Strathaird is a relatively small peninsula close to the Cuillin hills with only a few crofting communities,"The locality" Elgol & Torrin Historical Society. (). Retrieved 9 March 2008. the island of Soay lies offshore.
Looking over Achnahanat to the Kyle of Sutherland Achnahanat () is a crofting settlement on the south side of the Kyle of Sutherland in Scotland. It is about west of Invershin in Sutherland, within the Scottish council area of Highland.
The James Hutton Institute. Retrieved 7 December 2019. and were the UK winners of the Newbie award for innovative new entrants.Mackenzie, Gemma (20 April 2019) “A Highland crofting enterprise has been crowned New Entrant Farm Business of the Year.”.
It has an SSSI related to the Tarskavaig Moine Thrust, which is located at Achnacloich. The crofting township of Achnacloich or Achadh na Cloiche (Scottish Gaelic: "Stonefield") is located on the outskirts of Tarskavaig by the Gillean Burn watercourse.
Kilvaxter () is a crofting township on the Trotternish peninsula of the Isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland. It is in the council area of Highland. The A855 road passes through the area. Kilvaxter is north of Uig.
The second part of the act establishes the community right to buy, allowing communities with populations of up to 10,000 to register an interest in land, entitling them to first right of refusal should the owner put the land up for sale or intend to transfer ownership, provided a representative community body can be formed to carry out the purchase. Finally, the third part establishes the crofting community right to buy which allows crofting communities to purchase crofts and associated land from existing landowners. It differs from the community right to buy in that it can be exercised at any time, regardless of whether the land has been put on the market, allowing crofting communities to purchase land even in the absence of a willing seller. The Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 2003 amends the law relating to agricultural holdings under the Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 1991.
Upper Bighouse is a remote linear crofting township, which lies on the west bank of the Halladale River in the former county of Sutherland. It is now in the Highland council area. Upper Bighouse is located 4 miles south of Melvich.
Portuairk () is a crofting township, at the western end of the Ardnamurchan peninsula, Lochaber, Highland, Scotland. It is the most westerly settlement on the British mainland, although nearby Kilchoan is the most westerly village."Kilchoan" Undiscovered Scotland. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
Garafad or Garafad, () is a linear crofting settlement on the east coast of the Trotternish Peninsula of Skye in the Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It is part of Staffin, and lies north of Portree.
Allt-na-h-Airbhe (Scottish Gaelic: Allt na h-Airbhe), "stream at the boundary wall", is a small crofting settlement close to Ullapool, Ross-shire, on the west shore of Loch Broom, and is within the council of Highland, Scotland.
The results included explicit security for the Scottish smallholders; the legal right to bequeath tenancies to descendants; and creating a Crofting Commission. The Crofters as a political movement faded away by 1892, and the Liberal Party gained most of their votes.
The report is written in clear language and many of its findings continue to have relevance to how medical services are planned and financed in Scotland and beyond. The report was commissioned in 1910 to overcome the difficulties of implementing the forthcoming National Insurance Act 1911 in the crofting communities. In industrial areas the working population were expected to contribute a proportion of earnings to a central fund to provide medical care when needed. In the Highlands and Islands this was seen as unworkable as the majority of the population were in crofting occupations with little or no regular income.
Stein () is a crofting township, situated on the north eastern shore of Loch Bay, in the west of the Waternish peninsula, on the isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland. Previously known as Lochbay, it is in the council area of Highland.
It differs from the community right to buy in that it can be exercised at any time, regardless of whether the land has been put on the market, allowing crofting communities to purchase land even in the absence of a willing seller.
The area's biggest employment sectors include tourism, crofting, and fish farming. Other employers include transportation via sea and road, and quarry work. Service industries include engineering, motor garages, health services and education. The Howard Doris Centre employs people in the care sector.
Camusteel () is an extremely remote crofting and former fishing village in the Applecross peninsula, located less than 1 mile directly south of Applecross village, on the west coast of Strathcarron, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Carbost () is a crofting settlement at the southern end of the Trotternish peninsula on the Isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland. It is a few miles north west of the village of Portree and is in the council area of Highland.
Feorlig () is a small crofting settlement on the northwest shore of Loch Caroy near Dunvegan on the Isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland and is in the council area of Highland. The village of Harlosh is south, on Harlosh Point.
Rhiroy is a remote crofting township situated on the west shore of Loch Broom in Garve, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Blarnalearoch and Loggie lie directly northwest along the coast road.
In the 1930s, when the road from Symbister to Isbister was being planned, the villagers protested against it passing through the village so it passed to the west of the village. The old crofting houses here have long been abandoned. Offshore is Rumble.
Part of the wind farm is owned by local people through the Isle of Skye Renewables Co- operative."Isle of Skye Renewables Co-operative" www.skye.coop. Retrieved 8 February 2009. Accommodation is available in this small crofting township at a range of B&Bs.
Blarnalearoch is a remote crofting township situated on the west shore of Loch Broom in Garve, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Loggie and Rhiroy lie directly southeast along the coast road.
Uig, the port for ferries to the Outer Hebrides, is on the west of the Trotternish peninsula and Edinbane is between Dunvegan and Portree. Much of the rest of the population lives in crofting townships scattered around the coastline.McGoodwin (2001) p. 250.
Carloway () is a crofting township and a district on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The district has a population of around 500. Carloway township is within the parish of Uig, and is situated on the A858.
The community centre at Breacleit Lobster ponds Great Bernera's population is mainly dependent on lobster fishing, crofting and tourism. There is a Primary school located in Breacleit. Fertile machair pasture permits sheep and cattle grazing. A processing plant was built at Kirkibost in 1972.
Skerray () is a remote small crofting hamlet and fishing port on the north coast of Sutherland, Scotland. It is located by road northeast of Tongue and by road west of Thurso. Skerray is home to a community of artists and a group of tree planters.
Crofting communities had a high proportion of cottars—those with the least access to land and without any formal lease to document what they did hold. Population growth was rapid, due to both subdivision and the lower rate of migration to the Lowlands. When the kelp market collapsed a few years after the end of the Napoleonic wars, the deficiency of the crofting model was exposed: overcrowded communities with limited or no ability to grow enough food for subsistence and now without the industry on which their community relied. This is the area that was most reliant on the potato, and therefore severely hit by the Highland potato famine.
Uisken (, meaning "water-bay") is a settlement on a sandy bay on the Ross of Mull in the south of the Isle of Mull, on the west coast of Scotland. The settlement is within the parish of Kilfinichen and Kilvickeon. Originally a series of small settlements before the clearances it was developed as a fishing and crofting settlement with a small quay, known as Port Uisken, and road over to the steamer pier at Bunessan, the development being funded by the Duke of Argyll. The quay soon fell into disrepair but crofting continued with seven crofts being mentioned in the early 1920s and three crofts still being worked today.
Clashnessie () is a small crofting community on the North-West coast of Scotland; specifically in the Assynt area of Sutherland. The township (the old Scottish term for a crofting village) is scattered around the sandy beach of Clashnessie Bay and derives its name from the Gaelic clais an easaidh, meaning glen (clais) of the (an) waterfall (easaidh), referring to the waterfall at the head of the shallow glen in which most of the houses stand. Although north of Inverness, the village's micro-climate is generally mild, due to the closeness to the Atlantic Ocean Gulf Stream. Today Clashnessie has just nineteen houses distributed widely over roughly a square mile area.
Each crofting family was asked to raise £1,000. Caithness and Sutherland Enterprise, part of Highlands and Islands Enterprise donated £50,000, while Scottish Natural Heritage gave a grant of £20,000. Highland Regional Council donated £10,000. Much of the money, however, came from a public appeal for funds.
The departure of the last of the crofting families meant an end to regular links by sea and the regular mist and fog rendered signalling unreliable. A system of wireless communications with Castlebay on Barra was therefore proposed and installed by 1925.Munro (1979) p. 213, 223.
Huxter is a crofting township in southeastern Whalsay in the parish of Nesting in the Shetland islands of Scotland. It lies to the east of Symbister, just north of the Loch of Huxter. Huxter Fort is located in the vicinity, reached by foot along a causeway.
Achintraid () is a small one-time crofting township, situated at the north- eastern end of the sea loch Loch Kishorn, in Strathcarron, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The small hamlet of Ardarroch is located northwest along the coast road.
Retrieved 30 December 2008.Munro (1979) p. 191 states that one of these accidents occurred "in the storms of 1877-8". The departure of the last of the crofting families meant an end to regular links by sea and the regular mist and fog rendered signalling unreliable.
Every crofter under the age of seventy was removed on threat of imprisonment, with those over that age being sent to the poorhouse.Haswell-Smith (2004) p. 176. Orbost and Roag are further south on the shore of Loch Bracadale. Crofting remains a mainstay of the economy.
Doll is a scattered mixed crofting township and rural village southwest of Brora, on the A9 coast road, on the east coast of Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The main road artery of the A9 has bypassed Doll to the south.
Consequently, immediately pre-blight, whilst mainland Argyll had over of arable land per inhabitant, there was only of arable land per head in Skye and Wester Ross: in the crofting area, as in Ireland, the population had grown to levels which only a successful potato harvest could support.
The fleet is composed of both pelagic and demersal vessels. Other main settlements include Clate, Isbister, Sandwick, Saltness, Huxter, Challister, Marrister, North Park and furthest north is Skaw. The island is fertile and fairly densely populated, with crofting taking second place to fishing as the main local industries.
Kilaulay (Scottish Gaelic: Cill Amhlaigh / Cill Amhlaidh ) is a crofting township on the island of South Uist, in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. Kilaulay is located on the north-west corner of the island, situated about west of Eochar. Kilaulay is also within the parish of South Uist.
Luib () is a crofting and fishing settlement on the south east shore of the sea loch, Loch Ainort near Broadford, on the island of Skye in Scotland. It is in the council area of Highland.The settlement of Dunan is directly east of Luib, along the A87 coast road.
The renovated schoolhouse sits in Gauscavaig bay, with its wonderful view of the remains of Dunscaith Castle, which was the principal seat of the MacDonald Clan in the 15th century. The Tarskavaig Moine Thrust SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest) is located in the adjacent crofting township of Achnacloich.
Access rights apply to any non-motorised activities, including walking, cycling, horse-riding and wild camping. They also allow access on inland water for canoeing, rowing, sailing and swimming. The second part of the act establishes the community right to buy, allowing communities with populations of up to 10,000 to register an interest in land, entitling them to first right of refusal should the owner put the land up for sale or intend to transfer ownership, provided a representative community body can be formed to carry out the purchase. Finally, the third part establish the crofting community right to buy which allows crofting communities to purchase crofts and associated land from existing landowners.
It was formerly a tiny crofting and fishing settlement of just 12 crofts surrounding the natural harbour of Loch Beag but crofting has now ceased and holiday homes have taken over. The earliest clearly mapped reference is on Murdoch MacKenzie's first Admiralty chart surveyed in 1748. In 1851 J.M. MacKenzie, the Chamberlain to the estate owner Sir James Matheson, proposed that all the tenants of the village were to be evicted and sent to North America on the emigrant ship the SS Marquis of Stafford. This plan was not fully carried through however but it still had a great effect on the village leaving it with a population of just three families.
Daniel MacMillan was born on 13 September 1813, in the Isle of Arran to a crofting family. Moving to London, he founded Macmillan Publishers, with his brother Alexander. In 1833, he came to London to work for a Cambridge bookseller. In 1844, he decided to expand into the publishing business.
This caused the trust to adopt a more aggressive stance. They threatened to use right-to-buy provisions of crofting law to buy the crofts.MacAskill (1999) pp. 92-131 This option, requiring legal action, would be expensive and time-consuming; and would deny the crofters complete control of the estate.
Ullinish (Gaelic: Uilfhinis) is a crofting township on Loch Bracadale, on the southwest coast of Skye, Scotland. The only promontory fort on Skye is located at Ullinish. It is situated to the west of Struan and just south of the hamlet of Ebost. Historically, Ullinish is associated with the MacLeod family.
Inverkirkaig () is extremely remote scattered crofting township, situated on the north eastern bay, of the sea loch Loch Kirkaig, in the Assynt district of Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Badnaban, Strathan and Lochinver are situated directly north of the township.
The Hebrides are the source of much of Scottish Gaelic literature and Gaelic music. Today the economy of the islands is dependent on crofting, fishing, tourism, the oil industry, and renewable energy. The Hebrides have lower biodiversity than mainland Scotland, but there is a significant presence of seals and seabirds.
The actions of landlords varied. Some did try to delay or limit evictions, often to their financial cost. The Countess of Sutherland genuinely believed her plans were advantageous for those resettled in crofting communities and could not understand why tenants complained. A few landlords displayed complete lack of concern for evicted tenants.
Kishori Mohan was aregular contributor of this journal. He was awarded by a Gold Medel at the Annual Meeting of the Society for his contributions in the movement. In 1928 Dr. Gopal Chandra Chatterjee started the movement of home crofting . Kishori Mohan contributed a lot to make this movement also a successful one.
In early cases, these were based on cattle. Much more common was the introduction of extensive sheep farms. In many clearances, the tenants of inland farms were moved to crofting communities in coastal areas, leaving the land they had left for sheep. This type of clearance was carried out mostly until the 1820s.
"North Uist ()" Undiscovered Scotland. Retrieved 8 July 2010. The work of the Napier Commission and the Congested Districts Board, and the passing of the Crofting Act of 1886 helped, but social unrest continued.Hunter (2000) p. 320 In July 1906 grazing land on Vatersay was raided by landless men from Barra and its isles.
Between 1939 and 1943 Fraser Darling reclaimed derelict land to agricultural production on Tanera Mòr in the Summer Isles, an undertaking described in his 1943 book Island Farm. In 1942 the wartime Secretary of State for Scotland, Tom Johnston, asked Fraser Darling if he would run an agricultural advisory programme in the crofting areas of the Scottish Highlands and Islands. He agreed, and for two years he travelled, taught and wrote articles that were later published in book form as Crofting Agriculture. The pagan-cult island of Summerisle featured in the motion picture The Wicker Man (filmed 1973) is thought by some film critics to be set in this archipelago, although the movie itself was filmed in Galloway and Skye.
The main villages are Bunessan and Fionnphort, with smaller settlements including Ardtun, Camas, Carsaig, Knockan, Pennyghael and Uisken. Knocknafenaig, Suidhe, and Shiaba are three of the many cleared settlements on the Ross. Historically the area's main industries consisted of crofting, fishing, kelp, and granite quarries.Ross of Mull Historical Centre, 2004 Discover The Ross... Bunessan.
The crofting system has always proved inadequate to provide an income for the people so other forms of income have always been crucial for the survival of these communities. Notable were the kelp industry and the great line fishing industry. The main sporting estates that were set up were at Uig Lodge, Morsgail and Scaliscro.
View of the Sound of Sleat at Camuscross Camuscross () is a small crofting township on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. Camuscross is situated on Camus Croise bay, on the west shore of the Sound of Sleat, in the Highland Council area. It lies close to the village of Isleornsay and the island of Ornsay.
Treawick, also Traewick, is an uninhabited crofting village in eastern Whalsay in the parish of Nesting in the Shetland Islands of Scotland. It is located to the south of Isbister and northeast of Huxter. Falsa Burn flows into the sea just to the south. The name of the village is Old Norse for tree.
Annals, North British Society Andrew MacDonald (1721-1812) It was originally a scattered crofting village, until the opening of the Rogart railway station at Pittentrail to the southeast. A newer industrial village grew after the arrival of the railway in 1886, with the older village remaining. The village of Golspie is east of Rogart.
The crofting practises on Berneray encourage a wide array of birdlife. On early summer evenings you can sometimes hear snipe drumming, and even the rasp of a corncrake. Mute swans can be seen on Loch Brusda, and greylag geese are common. In the winter they are joined by barnacle, and a few brent geese.
Geary is a small crofting township, of some 40 houses, located on the remote northeast coast of the Waternish peninsula, overlooking the sea loch Loch Snizort, on the island of Skye, Scotland. It is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It is adjacent to Gillen and Knockbreck with Halistra about further west along a single track road.
Gedintailor () is a crofting village, lying on the shores of the Narrows of Raasay on the east coast of the island of Skye in Scotland and is in the council area of Highland. The village lies on the B883 road, with the largest village of Camastianavaig north, and the settlement of Peinachorran directly to the south.
Inveralligin () is a remote crofting township which lies on the north shore of Loch Torridon in Wester Ross and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Inbhir Àiliginn means "at the mouth of the River Alligin". Torridon lies to the east and Lower Diabaig about to the west. Alligin Shuas lies immediately to the west.
The island takes its name from Old Norse, Svíney or Swefney, meaning either "Swine Isle" or "Sweyn’s Isle". There is a similarly named island, Svínoy, in the Faroe Islands. There are prehistoric, pre-Norse and Norse remains on the island. as well as the remains of more recent crofting settlement including a herd of feral cattle.
Crofting communities were a product of the Highland Clearances (though individual crofts had existed before the clearances). They replaced the farms or bailtean, which had common grazing and arable open fields operated on the run rig system. This change was typically associated with two things. Firstly the tacksmen were steadily eliminated over the last quarter of the 18th century.
Balnacoil ()Gaelic and Norse in the Landscape: Placenames in Caithness and Sutherland . Scottish National Heritage. is a small crofting village, lying in the strath of Brora, one mile west of Loch Brora, in the east county of Sutherland, in Highland, Scotland. The River Brora, which rises in Ben Armine, runs through Balnacoil, draining into the loch.
It was only by finding ever more 'work in the south' that crofting families were able to survive. The 'Year of Destitution' in 1837 was the turning point in the history of Tarskavaig, as the land could no longer support the rising population. After reaching a peak of 250 in 1837, the number of inhabitants declined steadily.
Croick () is a small crofting village, located in the right bank of the River Halladale in Forsinard, eastern Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The church in the village was designed by Thomas Telford and built in 1827. In 1845 families evicted from the Glencalvie estate camped in the churchyard.
Upper Bayble () had a community shop, Murdo's, which has now closed after 44 years of service. Upper Bayble has produced three internationally recognised writers of poetry and prose, Iain Crichton Smith, Derick Thomson and Anne Frater. The former writing predominantly in English and the latter two writing almost exclusively in Gaelic. Lower Bayble () is a seaside crofting township.
The 2750-hectare crofting estate of Balmacara Estate was bequeathed to the people of Scotland via the National Trust of Scotland. The estate was bequeathed in 1946 by Lady Margaret Hamilton after her death. In 1954, the Lochalsh House was conveyed to the Trust. The A87 road passed Balmacara and the bay, following the northern coast of Lochalsh.
Most landlords worked to lessen the effects of the famine on their crofting tenants; forgoing rent, donating to the relief committees, running their own parallel relief operations, funding the introduction of new crops and industries or reviving old ones. However, as it became apparent that crofting at current population levels had long-term problems, they feared that the government would impose some system of permanent relief charged against their estates (either directly or through Poor Law reform). They instead sought to solve or remove the problems by inducing their poorer tenants to migrate to the Lowlands, or emigrate overseas. There was theoretical support on the problem of excess population from the work of Malthus, and this certainly had an influence on the management of the Duke of Sutherland's estate.
Achavandra Muir (Scottish Gaelic: Achadh Anndra - Andrew's Field) is a hamlet in the Scottish Highlands in northeastern Scotland, about 7 kilometres from the coast. It lies just off the A9 between Dornoch and Loch Fleet. The land in the area is dominated by bog and crofting. Historically, Achavandra Muir was occupied by Father John Sutherland, who died on 23 January 1910.
School pupils have carried out an energy audit, helped to plant more than 600 trees close to the school and carried out energy saving campaigns.For example, the children designed an owl that fits over light switches, reminding people to turn out lights. Shapinsay pupils have also won an award from the Scottish Crofters Commission for producing a booklet on crofting on the island.
He describes how he passed on his boat to his son, retired from fishing, and moved to full-time crofting. Angus Munro's son John finds it good work. The show visits summer grazing on the nearby islands of Pabbay for shearing and castrating of the rams. The show ends with Kate Dix at her croft, praising Berneray and everything on it.
A good peat cutter can cut 1000 peats in a day.Am Baile Education – Crofting Once dried, the peats are carted to the croft and built into a large stack. These often resembled the shape of the croft house – broad, curved at each end and tapered to a point about 2 metres high. They varied in length from about 4 to 14 metres.
It generally carried Scottish Gaelic or Highland related content such as stories about new developments of the language, crofting, ferry services, media stories, cultural events and sport. It also had various opinion columns and regularly carried job advertisements of Gaelic related jobs. Writing for the paper, Aonghas Phàdraig Caimbeul was awarded Gaelic journalist of the year at the 2007 Scottish Press Awards.
With a crop yield four times higher than oats, they became an integral part of crofting. After partial crop failures in 1836 and 1837, a severe outbreak of potato blight arrived in Scotland in 1846. Blight continued to seriously affect the Highland potato crop until about 1856. This was famine of a much greater scale and duration than anything previously experienced.
North Lochs, (), an area in eastern Lewis, Outer Hebrides, Scotland, is named for the many lochans (small lochs) which dot the landscape. Because of its largely undulating and rocky terrain, it is sparsely populated apart from flat ground near the coast. Its communities support traditional crofting and fishing. North Lochs life is centred on the twin villages of Leurbost and Crossbost.
Westerdale () is a scattered crofting village which lies on the River Thurso, located directly south of Halkirk, in Caithness, Highland, Scotland. The B870 road passes through the village. The 14th century Dirlot Castle is located south of the village, and was the stronghold of the Sutherlands, Cheynes, Gunns and Mackays throughout its history. The River Thurso flows past the village.
Thrumster railway station Thrumster is a crofting township on the main A99 road between Wick and Inverness. It is the nearest village to Wick. The transmission mast used to broadcast BBC television and radio signals to Caithness was located here until 1960. The village had a railway station until trains stopped running on the Wick and Lybster Railway in 1944.
Borrowston (), with a population of about 50, is a crofting township situated on the Isle of Lewis, on the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. It lies at the northern end of Loch Carloway west of Carloway. Borrowston is within the parish of Uig, and is situated near to the A858, which runs through Carloway. The hill Ben Borriston () lies to the west.
Garenin () is a crofting township on the west coast of the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. Garenin is in the Carloway municipality and has a population of about 80 people. Garenin is also within the parish of Uig. Today the village is most famous for the "blackhouse village", which consists of nine restored traditional thatched cottages.
The fertile machair lands of the island provide for good quality farming and crofting. Tiree Community Development Trust have commissioned a 950 kW community-owned wind turbine project, the fourth such large-scale project in Scotland. The first three projects were on Gigha and Westray and at Findhorn Ecovillage. The Argyll Array, an offshore wind farm development has been proposed around Skerryvore.
The result was a continuous exodus from the land—to the cities, and further afield to England, Canada, America and Australia.J. Wormald, Scotland: a History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005), , p. 229. The potato famine of the 1840s, caused by potato blight, which devastated the population of Ireland, reached the Highlands in 1846. The overcrowded crofting communities were highly dependent on the potato.
Situated on the extreme western point of North Uist, the RSPB reserve at Balranald includes sandy beaches, rocky foreshore, marshes and sand dunes. An information centre explains the importance of traditional crofting agriculture for corncrakes and other wildlife. Many wading and farmland birds nest on the flower-rich machair and croft-land - perhaps your best chance to hear and to even see corncrakes.
Bogroy is a small crofting village, located 0.5 miles northwest of Carrbridge, in Strathspey, in the county of Inverness-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It lies off the A9 road on the A938 road, west of Skye of Curr, east of Findhom Bridge and northwest of Boat of Garten. The Dulnain river passes close to Bogroy.
Achiemore was a crofting community located on the Cape Wrath peninsula near the village of Durness in the Scottish county of Sutherland. The hamlet is just south of the farmstead of Daill on the western shore of the Kyle of Durness. Neither place has a permanent population with the village of Durness located to the east. Inverness is around to the south.
Maclean began writing poetry at the age of 20, doing so sporadically until 1966. His first book of poems, From the Wilderness, was the Poetry Book Society Choice for 1973. Extracts from his diary appear alongside those of his father, Ian Maclean (1898–1973), in Night Falls on Ardnamurchan. The book gives a humorous, perceptive and moving account of the Scottish crofting life.
Kingsburgh (Gaelic: Cinnseaborgh) is a scattered crofting township, overlooking Loch Snizort Beag on the Trotternish peninsula of the Isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland. It is in the council area of Highland. Kingsburgh is located south of Uig. Kingsburgh is famous as the place that Flora MacDonald lived after helping Bonnie Prince Charlie escape to France after his defeat at Culloden.
There is also an established software presence on Skye, with Portree- based Sitekit having expanded in recent years."Sitekit reports a record year of growth" . Pressport.co.uk. Retrieved 7 February 2011. Crofting is still important, but although there are about 2,000 crofts on Skye only 100 or so are large enough to enable a crofter to earn a livelihood entirely from the land.
Blairmore is a small remote crofting hamlet, on the north west coast of Lairg in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Balchrick, Droman, Oldshore Beg and Oldshoremore are all located with 0.5 miles of Blairmore and are reached along the coast road from the south which passes through Achriesgill, Badcall and Kinlochbervie to reach Blairmore from Rhiconich.
In 1702, the Dutch, who were interested in Shetland's herring fisheries, fought a naval battle against French warships just off the island. Fair Isle is also noted for its woollen jumpers, with knitting forming an important source of income for the women of the islands. The principal activity for the male islanders is crofting. In January 2004, Fair Isle was granted Fairtrade Island status.
A Prince Among Islands is a television programme about Prince Charles' visit to Berneray. In 1987, Charles, Prince of Wales visited Berneray in the Outer Hebrides, for a week to learn about crofting. During his stay, he planted and lifted potatoes, cut peat, helped dip sheep and planted trees on the arable croft. The Prince required that the island's inhabitants maintain his privacy from the press.
Polbain is a remote crofting township, located on the north Badentarbat Bay on the west coast of Scotland, in western Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The township lies northwest of the village of Achiltibuie. The village overlooks the Summer Isles. The Brochs of Coigach is a small residential accommodation project that was completed in November 2011.
Daliburgh () is a crofting township on South Uist, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Daliburgh is situated one and a half miles west from Lochboisdale, has the second largest population of any township in South Uist, and is also in the parish of South Uist. Daliburgh is situated at the junction of the A865 and the B888. Like Lochboisdale, Daliburgh has undergone major changes in recent years.
Robert Alan Jamieson (born 1958) is a poet and novelist from Shetland, Scotland. He grew up in the crofting community of Sandness.Stanza Poetry Festival Profile He currently works as a creative writing tutor at Edinburgh University.Edinburgh University profile He was co-editor of the Edinburgh Review from 1993 to 1998, and a creative writing fellow at the Universities of Glasgow and Strathclyde in 1998–2001.
Norse rule lasted from the 9th to 14th centuries until Scottish control was asserted. The modern economy of the island is based on crofting, fishing, transport and tourism. The island claims to be the "Otter Capital of Britain" and has a diverse bird life including breeding populations of great and Arctic skuas.Gooders, J. (1994) Field Guide to the Birds of Britain and Ireland. London. Kingfisher.
Grey seals, from the seal view point in Bay's Loch The crofting practices also encourage a wide array of wildlife on Berneray. On early summer evenings you can sometimes hear snipe drumming, and even the rasp of a corncrake. Mute swans can be seen on Loch Brusda, and greylag geese are common. In the winter they are joined by barnacle, and a few brent geese.
While there are four different Protestant denominations represented in the area, church attendance has declined dramatically, and Sabbath keeping is largely forgotten. The local economy, like most of Skye, is heavily supported by tourism. Fishing, crofting and to a lesser extent, large-scale farming also contribute. Struan has a small local grocery shop, four churches, a petrol station, an outdoor shop and a primary school.
Particularly in the north and west Highlands, estates offered alternative accommodation in newly established crofting communities, with the intention that the resettled tenants worked in fishing or the kelp industry. These evictions were the first phase of the Highland Clearances. The total population of the Highlands continued to rise throughout the clearances.E. Richards, The Highland Clearances: People, Landlords and Rural Turmoil (Edinburgh, Birlinn Press, 2008), .
Skaw is a village in the extreme northeast of Whalsay in the parish of Nesting in the Shetland Islands of Scotland. It is mainly a crofting area. Whalsay airstrip and Whalsay Golf Club, the most northerly golf club in the British Isles, lies in the vicinity. The East Loch of Skaw lies to the east of the village, and the West Loch of Skaw to the southwest.
Halistra (), is a small crofting township located on the west coast of the Waternish peninsula, overlooking Loch Bay, on the island of Skye, Scotland. It is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It comprises Upper Halistra, Lower Halistra and Hallin and is situated about north of Stein. Halistra is a Scandinavian name that implies the Halistra settlement has been present from at least the Viking Age.
The emergence of the group was owed to the Representation of the People Act 1884, which had reduced the property qualifications for voters. As a result many Crofters were able to vote for the first time in 1885. The Crofting Party worked in close collaboration with the Highland Land League, and opposed the lack of secure and tenure and the severely reduced access to land for crofters.
Blarmachfoldach seen from Mullach nan Coirean Blarmachfoldach (or Blàr Mac Faoilteach; Blàrmacfaoltach) is a small crofting settlement in Lochaber, in the Highland council area of Scotland. It is located in the Mamore Hills, south of Fort William on the old military road to Kinlochleven. In past centuries, Blarmachfoldach was mainly a Clan Cameron settlement. Historically, the area spoke Lochaber Gaelic, which had a number of distinctive features.
Farmhouse at Loch Eriboll Around the shores of the loch are the crofting townships of Eriboll, Laid, Heilam, Portnancon and . Eilean Hoan is located at the northern, seaward end of the loch and there are various small islets in the vicinity including A' Ghoil-sgeir, An Cruachan, An Dubh-sgeir, Eilean Clùimhrig, and Pocan Smoo."Get-a-Map". Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 28 November 2009.
Crofting is a form of land tenure and small-scale food production particular to the Scottish Highlands, the islands of Scotland, and formerly on the Isle of Man. Within the 19th century townships, individual crofts were established on the better land, and a large area of poorer-quality hill ground was shared by all the crofters of the township for grazing of their livestock.
Resolis Church He was born at Swainbost in Ness on the Isle of Lewis in 1900 the son of a crofting missionary of the Free Church of Scotland. He was educated locally until the age of 12 then apprenticed as a shipwright in Greenock. In 1918 he was conscripted into the army during the First World War. After the war he returned to Greenock as a shipwright.
Aldourie ( meaning dark water or stream water) is a small crofting village on the east shore of Loch Ness. It lies about southwest of Inverness and is within the council of Highland, Scotland. Aldourie Castle, seat of the Laird on Dunbar, is close to the village of Aldourie. Aldourie Castle had minor alterations to the dining room and other sundry areas designed by Robert Lorimer in 1902.
In the southeastern Highlands there was migration to the growing cities of the Lowlands. These evictions were the first phase of the Highland clearances. At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the few successful industries of the Highlands went into decline: cattle prices fell and the kelp industry virtually disappeared over a few years. Crofting communities had become common in the Islands and the Western Highlands.
After a few summers as a shepherd boy, he was apprenticed to a decorative painter in Växjö. He completed his apprentice training and served as crafts- and Church painter in the area of Sävsjö and Eksjö. In 1769 he married the maid Maria Eriksdotter and together they had three sons. The family lived in poverty in a cottage, but later the family had access to a crofting.
It was a centre for the fishing trade, with a curing station, before Ullapool was founded. The island was lotted into crofts in 1831 and crofting continued until the 1960s. Predominantly used for cattle and sheep grazing, there was limited arable land at the southern end near the main settlement. A flour mill operated on the site of the old herring station site between 1939 and 1948.
Portnalong () is a small village on north west of the Isle of Skye on the shore of Loch Harport. Portnalong is Gaelic for "harbour of the ships". It was founded by crofters from Lewis and Harris in 1921. Portnalong and Fiscavaig are both crofting townships in the North Talisker common grazings where 69 crofters hold in common the sheep stock club that manages that commons.
In the 21st century, land reform in Scotland has focused on the abolition and modernisation of Scotland's antiquated feudal land tenure system, security of tenure for crofters and decentralisation of Scotland's highly concentrated private land ownership. Scotland's land reform is distinct from other contemporary land reforms in its focus on community land ownership , with the Land Reform (Scotland) Acts of 2003 and 2016 establishing the Community Right to Buy, allowing rural and urban communities first right of refusal to purchase local land when it comes up for sale. Crofting communities are granted a similar Right to Buy though they do not require a willing seller to buy out local crofting land. Under the Community Empowerment (Scotland) Act 2015 and Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2016, Scottish ministers can grant a compulsory sale order for vacant or derelict private land or land which, if owned by the local community, could further sustainable development.
Great Bernera (Beàrnaraigh Mòr) is an island in Loch Roag, off the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides. It is fairly close to Lewis, but it was not until 1953 that a bridge was built, after the islanders threatened to dynamite the hillside to create a causeway. Bernera was a crofting community at the time of the riot but today that form of land-holding is rapidly diminishing.
Sconser () is a small crofting township on the island of Skye, in Scotland, situated on the south shore of Loch Sligachan. The main A87 road of Skye passes through Sconser and the ferry to Raasay departs from the pier. Less than to the east is the 9-hole Isle Of Skye golf course. Immediately to the south is Glamaig which can be climbed via An Coileach (The Cockerel).
Smith was born and brought up in a crofting family in Hoswick Shetland but moved to the port of Leith as a young man. There he prospered as a businessman and became the Provost of Leith from 1908 to 1917,Debrett's House of Commons, 1922, p. 143 shortly before the town was incorporated into the city of Edinburgh. During this period he lived at 47 Stirling Road in the Trinity district.
Doll, in the Parish of Clyne, is a scattered crofting township, located south of the Brora River with Brora located at the other side river to the northeast. Doll consists of a large flat plain, in a triangular shape, with the longest edge following the course of the river. To the southwest lies the village of Golspie. John Bartholomew described the hamlet as: :Doll, hamlet with school, Clyne par.
Mellon Udrigle () is a small remote coastal tourist, fishing and crofting hamlet on the north west coast of Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The village of Opinan is directly to the north and the village of Achgarve is directly to the south, and Laide slightly further south. Mellon Udrigle is home to the site of an ancient Pictish hut circle.
The main sources of employment in the village are crofting and tourism. It is the largest village in the northwestern corner of Scotland, has a population of around 400, and is on the A838 road. It is located on the north coast between the towns of Thurso to the east and Ullapool to the south. This area is notable for being the most sparsely populated region in Western Europe.
The Inner Hebrides comprise 35 inhabited islands as well as 44 uninhabited islands with an area greater than . Skye, Islay and Mull are the three largest, and also have the highest populations. The main commercial activities are tourism, crofting, fishing and whisky distilling. In modern times the Inner Hebrides have formed part of two separate local government jurisdictions, one to the north and the other to the south.
Flashader () is a small crofting township close to the east coast of the sea loch Loch Greshornish on the Isle of Skye. It is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The broch, Dun Flashader, lies north of the main settlement close to the shore and beyond this is the area of Kildonan, which has a small jetty. The village of Edinbane is located south west along the A850 road.
In 2008 a "Rùm Task Group", chaired by Lesley Riddoch, was created to generate proposals for advancing community development opportunities. It reported to Mike Russell MSP the Minister for Environment in the Scottish Government, and in June a plan was announced to establish a locally-run trust with the aim of reintroducing crofting settlements to the area around Kinloch village.Ross, John (7 February 2008) " 'Forbidden Isle' gets a new champion". Edinburgh.
Borve and the machair The Machair towards the West beach of Berneray The main industries are fishing, crofting (small-scale individual farming), media/IT and tourism. Broadband internet provision became available in January 2006, giving an incentive to people wishing to relocate to Berneray and helping sustain the population and community. A key feature of Berneray is its machair. The machair is a coastal plain made up of windblown shell sand.
Gairlochy (Scottish Gaelic: Geàrr Lòchaidh) is a clachan, or hamlet, of population approx. 100. It lies on the southern shores of Loch Lochy, a large freshwater loch in the district of Lochaber in the North West Highlands of Scotland. Gairlochy is surrounded by several other small crofting settlements, the largest of which is Achnacarry. Also close by is Highbridge, the site of the first skirmish of the 1745 Jacobite uprising.
Badcall comprises two remote hamlets, called Lower Badcall and Upper Badcall. Upper Badcall, a crofting township, is a larger of the two and is situated on the western shore of Badcall Bay. Lower Badcall is located less than 1 mile to the east on the eastern shore of Badcall Bay. Badcall is on the west coast of Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
North Havra (, ocean island) is a small island off south west Shetland. It is 30 metres at its highest point. Situated 1/3 mile from the ness-end of South Whiteness, the island possess a lighthouse and a couple of small sheep pens (cribs), as well as a couple dozen sheep and different bird species. North Havra is currently owned by Thomas Stout who uses it for crofting.
Lonemore () is a crofting village on the north shore of Gair Loch near the village of Gairloch, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Founded by Sir Francis Alexander Mackenzie, 5th Baronet (1798 - 1843) after his succession to the family title in 1826, by 1856 the village was a model of its kind in contrast to the devastation of the Clearances elsewhere.
Laid is a remote, linear crofting township scattered along the A838 road on the western shore of the sea loch, Loch Eriboll in Sutherland in the northern Scottish Highlands.Setback for Laid crofters' grazing plan, The Guardian, 1999-10-24. Retrieved 2015-09-29.Gittings B, Munro D Laid, The Gazetteer for Scotland, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh and The Royal Scottish Geographical Society. Retrieved 2019-03-09.
Local industry includes:tourist accommodation; fishing out of Loch Eishort where there is a ’pontoon', a floating pier supported by buoyancy tanks; and crofting, keeping sheep and cattle. The Broadford Mackinnon Memorial Hospital and Sabhal Mór Ostaig are amongst the local providers of employment. There was a fish farm in Loch Eiseort which was worked from Heaste until the end of the 1990s when it was closed. This too provided local employment.
Wester Ross has one of the lowest population densities in Europe, with just 1.6 people per km2. The area's small communities weave the fabric of life through traditional music, ceilidhs, crofting, and the Gaelic language. The area is renowned for the scenic splendour of its mountains and coastline, and the range of wildlife that can be seen. It is a popular tourist destination, receiving around 70,000 visitors each year.
Most of the small settlements are at the head (east end) of the loch where there is a small area of flat land (where the River Bà flows into the loch from Loch Bà). These include Gruline, a small scattered township, primarily consisting of crofting and tourist homes. The closest larger village is Salen, located northeast across the isthmus from the head of the loch.Ordnance Survey Landranger 1:50000 Series Map.
Diabaig () is a remote coastal fishing and crofting township in Wester Ross, in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. Diabaig lies on the north shore of the sea loch of Loch Diabaig, an inlet off the north side of Loch Torridon, and is in the Highland council area. The main part of the settlement is sometimes known as Lower Diabaig. Upper Diabaig is a few houses, about 1.5 km to the east.
Camustianavaig (also English spelling: Camustinivaig) is a crofting township on the island of Skye in Scotland. It is located on the shores of the Sound of Raasay, southeast of Portree. The Lòn Bàn watercourse flows from Loch Fada to "An Eas Mhòr" below which it is named "Allt Ósglan" and discharges into the sea at Camas Tianabhaig. The stream forms the boundary between the township and Conordan to the south.
Habost () is the name of two crofting townships on the Isle of Lewis in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. One is in the Ness area at the northern tip of the island at and is home to an arts and music centre. It is a traditional area of the Clan Morrison. The other is in the district of Lochs and lies on the shore of Loch Erisort at .
Johann MacDougall Lamont was born in the Anderston district of Glasgow on 11 July 1957. Her parents, Archie and Effie, were both Gaelic speakers from crofting families on the Inner Hebridean island of Tiree, who met after both had moved to Glasgow. Archie was a carpenter employed by the Scottish ferry operator Caledonian MacBrayne, working on the Mallaig to Skye route. He took part in the Seamen's Strike of 1966.
Scullomie is a small fishing and crofting township at the head of Tongue Bay in Sutherland in the Scottish Highlands. It is located around north of the village of Tongue on the northern coast of Scotland and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The place name is spelled Skullomie on some Ordnance Survey maps.An Imaginary Drive round Tongue Parish, Mary Young's Scullomie pages, September 2004. Retrieved 2014-02-16.
The location at A' Mhòine peninsula was selected over two other Highland, Scotland locations: Unst, Shetland, and North Uist, Western Isles. The location would be useful for launching small satellites to polar orbit and Sun-synchronous orbit. The spaceport site is from the closed Dounreay nuclear research reactor. The nearest community to the spaceport is the crofting township of Talmine, alongside the Kyle of Tongue, with a population of 200.
SCF is the charity dedicated to safeguarding crofting and its cultural heritage now and for generations to come. Established and run by crofters, SCF engages with agencies and government at a local, national and international level to influence policy on rural issues including sustaining rural populations, food production and environmental protection. It also provides a network of support to established, new, and aspiring crofters through training, mentoring and sharing of experience.
Stornoway Harbour Modern commercial activities centre on tourism, crofting, fishing, and weaving including the manufacture of Harris tweed. Some of the larger islands have development trusts that support the local economy and, in striking contrast to the 19th and 20th century domination by absentee landlords, more than two thirds of the Western Isles population now lives on community-owned estates."The quiet revolution". (19 January 2007) West Highland Free Press.
Services to Skye and Lewis improved when the Dingwall and Skye Railway reached Stromeferry in 1870 and began steamer services from a pier there. More generally, better steamships and more frequent services eventually allowed better communication, and the recovery of fishing and cattle-rearing and the greater ease of temporary migration for seasonal work eventually allowed the crofting economy to move from self- sufficiency to one in which enough cash was generated to allow the purchase of imported grain. In the 1880s, the technical issue of how to avoid future famines or seasons of destitution in the Highlands became submerged in the political question of how to address the grievances of crofters and cottars (agricultural labourers without land). Landlords had taken to heart McNeill's comments on the need to prevent uncontrolled population growth in crofting areas by preventing sub-division or multiple occupancy of crofts; they had taken much less notice of his view that crofters should be granted secure leases.
Oldshore Beg is a remote crofting township, in western Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Balchrick, Droman, Blairmore and Oldshoremore are all located within 0.5 miles of Oldshore Beg and are reached along the coast road from the south which passes through Achriesgill, Badcall and Kinlochbervie to reach Oldshore Beg from Rhiconich. Oldshore Beg overlooks the small island of Eilean an Ròin Mòr which is uninhabited.
Despite recent declines, in the 2001 census more than 50% of the resident population in each island was able to speak Gaelic, for an overall total of 15,842 speakers throughout the archipelago.Mac an Tàilleir, Iain 1901–2001 Gaelic in the Census, PowerPoint Presentation made available via Linguae Celticae. Retrieved 1 June 2008. The modern economy centres on tourism, crofting, fishing, and weaving, the latter of which includes the manufacture of Harris tweed.
Further settlement is found around the small bays at Ardvourlie opposite Seaforth Island which sits in the midst of the loch at the point where inland it turns towards the northeast. The crofting township of Arivruaich lies beside a further embayment known as Tob Cheann Tarabhaigh. The head of the loch is to be found 5 km further east at Ceann Shiphoirt. The loch forms the entire western coast of the relatively isolated Pairc peninsula.
Glenuig Hall Nowadays Glenuig is a thriving and friendly community. Occupations include fishing, crofting, building, craftwork and IT, and of course catering for the many visitors to the area. The community has a tiny but busy shop and post office and a variety of accommodation choices in Glenuig, Kinlochmoidart, Roshven and Lochailort. The village hall is one of the most splendid on the west coast and a very popular venue for entertainment.
The Agricultural Members (also called "practical Members") are lay (not legally qualified) members of the Court with significant experience of agriculture. They deal with many crofting cases, and sit in the Divisional Court, where they are supported by the Principal Clerk as legal assessor. However, the decisions of the Divisional Court rest with the Agricultural Member. They hear cases throughout Scotland, and are expected to work on average three days a week.
North Erradale is a remote coastal crofting village on the western coast of Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The villages of Melvaig lies 4 miles to the north, along the coast road, with the village of Big Sand lying directly south. Gairloch lies 4–5 miles to the southeast. The village dates back to the early 19th century, having houses dating back to the 1920s.
During the Highland Clearances, attempts were made to evict the crofting tenants of Coigach in 1852-53. However, the women of Coigach disarmed twenty policemen and sheriff officers, burning their summonses and throwing their batons into the sea. The men of Coigach formed the second line of defense should the women receive any ill-treatment. The officers of the law returned home without having served a single summons or evicting a single crofter.
The land is used for mainly crofting, with the majority of the livestock being sheep and a few cows. The land is slightly too acidic for arable farming although the addition of lime is used to compensate for this. The soil is also low in potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, which are essential elements required for plant growth. The high levels of rainfall and steep slopes also cause soil erosion, creating further difficulties for crop growing.
Melbost () is a traditionally Gaelic-speaking village in Point on the east coast of the Isle of Lewis, in Scotland's north-west. It is largely a crofting township and is about east of Stornoway at the head of an isthmus connecting with the Eye Peninsula. Melbost is technically in the district of Point, however it is not located on the eye peninsula itself, RAF Stornoway war memorial is located in the village.
Another Crofters' Act was created in 1993 (the Crofters' (Scotland) Act 1993). The earlier Act established the first Crofting Commission, but its responsibilities were quite different from those of the newer Crofters Commission created in 1955. The Commission is based in Inverness. Crofts held subject to the provisions of the Crofters' Acts are in the administrative counties of Shetland, Orkney, Caithness, Sutherland, Ross-shire, Inverness-shire and Argyll, in the north and west of Scotland.
Balmacara () is a scattered village on the north shore of Loch Alsh near Kyle of Lochalsh, Ross-shire, Highland and is in the Scottish council area of the Highland, Scotland. In 1946, Lady Hamilton, bequeathed the 2750 Hectare Balmacara crofting estate to the people of Scotland, by donating it to the National Trust for Scotland. In 1954 the nearby Lochalsh House was conveyed to the Trust. The Shinty club, Kinlochshiel play in the adjacent hamlet of Kirkton.
Droman is a small remote crofting township on the north west coast of Lairg in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The hamlets of Balchrick, Blairmore, Oldshore Beg and Oldshoremore are all located with 0.5 miles of Blairmore and are reached along the coast road from the south, which passes through Achriesgill, Badcall and Kinlochbervie to reach Blairmore from Rhiconich. There are views from the township of the Outer Hebrides.
Aird Uig () is a village on the Isle of Lewis, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Aird Uig is within the parish of Uig, and is situated on the C40 minor road which joins to the B8011 at Timsgarry. Aird Uig is a village of two distinctive characters. The south end is composed of a traditional crofting community whilst the north end is a composite of army barracks and buildings many of which have been converted into homes.
Brue () is a village on the Isle of Lewis in the West Side district, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. It is a crofting township and it is composed of two areas: Am Baile Staigh, which is nearer the coast, and Pàirc Bhrù, which runs towards the moor. In total it covers a road distance of 2.5 km. Brue is situated on a minor road which joins to the A858, and is within the parish of Barvas.
The unique local sheep, which eat seaweed The main industries on the island are crofting and sheep farming, where unique North Ronaldsay sheep are mostly farmed collectively. Tourism also plays an important role. The island has a population of 60, roughly half of whom are descended from native islanders, and new islanders who have come to live there. There is great interest in attracting new families with young children in order to keep the school open.
Melvaig is a remote village on the coast of western Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It is a cliff top village in Wester Ross dating back to Viking days. The village is accessed from Gairloch, which is 10 miles to the southeast. It adjoins Aultgrishan, and the crofting village of North Erradale lies 4 miles to the south, along the coast road, with the village of Big Sand lying directly south.
Today the main settlement on the island is Biggings, just to the east of which is Housa Voe from where the Snolda ferry arrives from its base at West Burrafirth on the Shetland Mainland. Crofting, especially sheep rearing, is the mainstay of island life. Numerous shipwrecks have occurred around the coast, and the celebrated poem Da Sang o da Papa Men by Vagaland recalls the drama of the days when Papa Stour was a centre for deep-sea fishing.
Tiree (, ) is the most westerly island in the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. The low-lying island, southwest of Coll, has an area of and a population of around 650. The land is highly fertile, and crofting, alongside tourism, and fishing are the main sources of employment for the islanders. Tiree, along with Colonsay, enjoys a relatively high number of total hours of sunshine during the late spring and early summer compared to the average for the United Kingdom.
Portnancon is a small remote crofting township, and former fishing station, on the west shore of Loch Eriboll in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands in the Scottish council area of Highland. The township is in the parish of Durness and Durness village lies west along the A838 road. The village of Laid is located south-west from Portnancon along the A838. Only a few buildings remain of the fishing station, in Portnacon, or Port-na-con, meaning "Port of the Dogs".
Fiskavaig Fiskavaig () is a crofting settlement on the west shore of the Minginish peninsula, on the Isle of Skye in the Highlands of Scotland and the council area of Highland. Fiskavaig Bay lies just to the north, the island of Wiay some offshore and the village of Carbost southwest. The name Fiskavaig (alternative name Fiscavaig) originally comes from the Norse, meaning "fish bay". Another example of this naming is Tarskavaig, meaning "cod bay", in the south of Skye.
To prevent further feuds and rebellions, in 1746 the government enacted laws designed to break the bond between the clan leaders and their people. An indirect result was gradual conversion of the land from crofting to more profitable and less labour-intensive sheep farming. These Highland Clearances and the subsequent Highland Potato Famine of 1846–52 forced many of the people to emigrate. Today, the area is thinly populated with an economy based mainly on tourism.
Ulbster is a scattered crofting hamlet on the eastern coast of Caithness, within the parish of Wick, in the Scottish Highlands, within the Highland Council area. The town of Wick is located seven miles north of the village along the A99 road. To the south of the village, two miles along the A99, lies the ancient port of Whaligoe, where the famous 330 steps were cut into a cliff on the instruction of Thomas Telford in 1786.
Alvie () is a small crofting hamlet, a working Scottish highland estate and civil parish, located on the south shore of Loch Alvie in the Badenoch and Strathspey area of Inverness-shire, within the Scottish council area of Highland. Alvie sits in Cairngorm National Park and is part of Alvie and Dalraddy Estates which extend into the Monadhliath hills from the River Spey, famous for its fishing and whisky and overlook the Cairngorm Mountain range in National Park.
The village also hosts the Equatec facility, a pharmaceutical facility dedicated to fatty acid research and production, which has now been taken over by German giant BASF in June 2012. Other businesses located in the area include Scottish Fish Farm who have a number of sites in East Loch Roag, and Hebridean Soap who operate from their base in Breasclete. Traditional industries like Harris Tweed also offer employment, and crofting is at the heart of the community.
Newtonferry (, "the harbour of the ships") is a small crofting community on the island of North Uist in the Western Isles of Scotland, at the end of the B893 road. Newtonferry is within the parish of North Uist. A number of archaeological sites have been discovered in the vicinity. A ferry used to run between Newtonferry and the neighboring island of Berneray, but no longer runs since a permanent causeway was constructed between Berneray and North Uist.
Agricultural improvement spread north and west, mostly over the period 1760 to 1850 as the Highland Clearances. Many farming tenants were evicted and offered tenancies in crofting communities, with their former possessions converted into large-scale sheep farms. Crofts were intended to be too small to support the occupants, so forcing them to work in other industries, such as fishing, quarrying or kelping.E. Richards, The Highland Clearances: People, Landlords and Rural Turmoil (Edinburgh, Birlinn Press, 2008), .
Unlike the Community Right to Buy established by the Land Reform (Scotland) Act 2003 and extended by the Community Empowerment (Scotland) Act 2015, the Community Right to Buy for Sustainable Development does not require a willing seller but allows ministers to compel landowners to sell if they decide that the sale will further sustainable development in the area. In this respect it is similar to the Crofting Community Right to Buy of the 2003 Act which allows crofting communities to purchase croft land and the Community Right to Buy abandoned or derelict land of the 2015 Act, neither of which require a willing seller. Community bodies may also register an interest in allowing a 3rd party to purchase land on the same basis. Other provisions of the act include new regulations to require persons who control land to be identified, with information obtained to appear in the Land Register of Scotland; the removal of sporting rights exemption from rates, which are to be re-valued; and further powers for Scottish Natural Heritage to control deer management.
In the Western Isles and the adjacent mainland developments had been very different. Chieftains who had become improving landlords had found livestock-grazing (generally sheep, sometimes cattle) the most remunerative form of agriculture; to accommodate this they had moved their tenants to coastal townships where they hoped valuable industries could be developed and established an extensive crofting system (see Highland Clearances). Croft sizes were set low to encourage the tenantry to participate in the industry (e.g. fishing, kelp ) the landlord wished to develop.
Tongue ( from ) is a coastal village in northwest Highland, Scotland, in the western part of the former county of Sutherland. It lies on the east shore above the base of the Kyle of Tongue and north of the mountains Ben Hope and Ben Loyal on the A836. To the north lies the area of Braetongue. Tongue is the main village in a series of crofting townships that runs through Coldbackie, Dalharn, Blandy, and the harbour of Scullomie to the deserted township of Slettel.
This provided few jobs, compared to the arable and mixed farms in the south and east Highlands. The main industries intended for those displaced to crofting communities were fishing and kelp. Initially, this seemed, to the landlords and their advisors, an ideal way of providing profitable employment for those made redundant by competition for farm leases by the higher-rent-paying sheep farms. Over time, crofts were subdivided, allowing more tenants to live on them (but with less land per person).
The reduction in status from farmer to crofter was one of the causes of resentment from these changes. The second phase (c.1815–20 to 1850s) involved overcrowded crofting communities from the first phase that had lost the means to support themselves, through famine and/or collapse of industries that they had relied on (such as the kelp trade), as well as continuing population growth. This is when "assisted passages" were common, when landowners paid the fares for their tenants to emigrate.
Eilean Fladday lies off the north west coast of Raasay, across Caol Fladday (Kyle Fladda), which dries at half-tide. Once a thriving crofting community, the island now only has three cottages which are used by the families who own them for about seven months a year The population is recorded as 29 (1841), 51 (1891), 12 (1951) and 12 (1971). Five families lived there in the late 1920s. Their petition to Inverness County Council to build a road and footbridge was rejected.
Clearances – Despite military service and the ultimate sacrifice by many, the district was the subject of widespread evictions in the nineteenth century to make way for enlarged sheep farms and sporting estates. Villages around Uig Bay that were cleared were: Capadale, Pennydonald, Baileneacail, Baileghreusaich and Earastadh and the largest township in the district, Mealastadh was also cleared. Parallel with the Highland clearances arose the birth of organised crofting in the 1840s. This produced the individual land holdings and linear township pattern recognisable today.
Talmine is a crofting and fishing township, overlooking Talmine Bay, an inlet on the western shore of Tongue Bay in northern Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The Shamrock, a 19th-century sloop located within the bay, is protected by Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. She can be seen in the photo to the right, on the beach, underneath/between the stone building and blue car roughly centre image.
Whereas Canna is run by the NTS as a single farm, parts of Sanday are used for crofting. A small primary school on Sanday served the communities of both islands, although is currently closed . A footbridge to the island was built in 1905 to allow pupils from Canna to reach the school regardless of the state of the tide. This bridge was destroyed by storms in 2005, and has been replaced by a road bridge which was completed in April 2006.
Elishader or Ellishadder () is a small crofting township, situated close to the north shore of the freshwater Loch Mealt, on the Trotternish peninsula of the island of Skye, and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Mealt waterfall with Kilt Rock behind The tourist attraction of Kilt Rock is situated to the east of the township; it comprises spectacular sea-cliffs tall, made of dolerite rock strata in many different colours."Kilt Rock, Staffin" ukclimbing.com. Retrieved 25 July 2010.
Iochdar (), also spelled Eochar, is a hamlet and community on the west coast of the island of South Uist, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. Iochdar is also in the parish of South Uist. It is the largest of several crofting settlements in the north-west of South Uist, and is located west of the A865 road. Iochdar is part of the South Uist Estate, which was the subject of Scotland's largest community land buyout in 2006, and is now run by Stòras Uibhist.
Coigach () is a peninsula north of Ullapool, in Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. The area consists of a traditional crofting and fishing community of a couple of hundred houses located between mountain and shore on a peninsula looking over the Summer Isles and the sea. The main settlement is Achiltibuie. Like its northerly neighbour, Assynt in Sutherland, Coigach has mountains which rise sharply from quiet, lochan-studded moorland, and a highly indented rocky coast with many islands, bays and headlands.
In 1901 around 19% of the population of Tarskavaig could only speak Gaelic. By the time of the 2001 census, 54% of the population of Tarskavaig spoke Gaelic, compared to an average of 31% for Skye. Regardless of all the improvements in land ownership brought about by the Crofters' Holdings Act (Scotland) of 1886 traditional crofting continued its decline into the 20th century. Increasingly the crofters had to derive substantial income from employment outside the village in order to keep the crofts functioning.
At the head of the channel that connects the bay to the sea on the north coast lies the small settlement of Ardtoe, which has sandy beaches with views to the island of Eigg. Further east along the B8004 is the settlement which gives the bay its name, Kentra. A short distance further east is the large village of Acharacle. To the south of Kentra, and located on the southeast coast of Kentra Bay, is the tiny former crofting settlement of Arivegaig.
This right had previously existed only in the seven crofting counties of Shetland, Orkney, Caithness, Sutherland, Ross-shire, Inverness-shire and Argyll, where it was created by the Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886. The landowners' hostility was reflected in the newspapers. In 1914 The Scotsman called it "the new tyrants of the countryside", and Blackwood's Magazine labelled it as the "Agrarian Star Chamber". The Court was also criticised by the Court of Session when it heard appeals, reproaching Kennedy's "rhetorical indulgence".
Sea stacks, such as Stac an Dùnain at the cape itself and Stac Clò Kearvaig to the east, rise out of the sea off the coastline, with Duslic, a reef, north of the cape. The cape is part of the North West Highlands Geopark, a area with UNESCO geopark status.Scotland's first geopark , Visit Scotland, 2004-11-18. Retrieved 2013-02-09. Crofting townships of two or three houses with associated enclosures existed at Daill, Achiemore, Kearvaig and Inshore into the mid-20th century.
Boreraig, lying in a green and fertile glen, sheltered and south-facing, is a fine example of a traditional, pre-crofting baile or township. It was forcibly cleared by the agents of Lord MacDonald to make way for sheep in 1853. Many of the inhabitants, mainly crofters, emigrated after they were evicted. The Scottish census reveals that, by 1851, in the parish of Strath, Shire of Inverness, approximately one hundred and twenty men, women and children lived in Boreraig's 22 households.
The 2003 Act includes three main provisions: the creation of a legal framework for land access, the community right to buy, and the crofting community right to buy. The first part of the act codifies into Scots law the right to universal access to land in Scotland. The act specifically establishes a right to be on land for recreational, educational and certain other purposes and a right to cross land. The rights exist only if they are exercised responsibly, as specified in the Scottish Outdoor Access Code.
Migrant working gave an advantage in speaking English, which came to be considered "the language of work". In 1846 the Highland potato famine struck the crofting communities of the North and West Highlands. By 1850 the charitable relief effort was wound up, despite the continuing crop failure, and landlords, charities and the government resorted to encouraging emigration. The overall result was that almost 11,000 people were provided with "assisted passages" by their landlords between 1846 and 1856, with the greatest number travelling in 1851.
It has frequently been asserted that Gaels reacted to the Clearances with apathy and a near-total absence of active resistance from the crofting population. However, upon closer examination this view is at best an oversimplification. Michael Lynch suggests that there were more than 50 major acts of resistance to clearance. Even before the Crofters' War of the 1880s, Gaelic communities had staved off or even averted removals by accosting law enforcement officials and destroying eviction notices, such as in Coigach, Ross-shire, 1852–3.
Business has included crofting, a mill (now home to the Ross of Mull Historical Centre), weaving and a small fishing fleet, up to the end of the 20th century. Bunessan village has one hotel, The Argyll Arms (the only pub in the area), one grocery shop and a craft shop. The village still has a thriving lobster fishery. Some of the largest lobsters in the west coast of Scotland can be found at the top of Loch Scridain, in an area known as "The Pool".
Sarclet is a remote clifftop crofting township, situated on the east coast of Caithness, lying slightly north of Loch Sarclet in the Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Sarclet Head extends into the sea and is 0.5 miles to the southeast of the township. Sarclet has a natural harbour called The Haven which was formerly used by fishing boats, but is now largely unused. The village of Thrumster lies 0.5 miles north west, with Wick located 5 north of the township.
In the southeast of the island is the first planned crofting township in the Outer Hebrides. It was created in 1805 by the regular allotting of individual crofts by the Earl of Seaforth's land surveyor, James Chapman. The tenants of this planned village were all evicted in 1823 and the publication of the first edition of the Ordnance Survey rather poignantly showed the deserted village and the original parallel croft boundaries. The village was resettled in 1878 and the original boundaries are still in use today.
Oldshoremore is a scattered crofting hamlet in the Eddrachillis parish of Sutherland, Scotland. It incorporates around twenty houses, though several of these are holiday homes. View of Oldshoremore from the slopes of Eilean na h-Aiteig Once owned by the Duke of Sutherland, Oldshoremore and the surrounding area are now part of the Sandwood Estate, a nature reserve owned by the John Muir Trust. Directly west lies Oldshoremore Bay, a sandy beach with a large headland at its northern end known as Eilean na h-Aiteig.
Milovaig (), comprises two small scattered, mixed crofting and residential townships, consisting of Lower Milovaig to the North and Upper Milovaig to the South, situated on the south shore of Loch Pooltiel on the Duirinish peninsula, on the Isle of Skye, in the Highlands of Scotland. It is in the Scottish council area of Highland. It is part of the Glendale estate. The township of Lower Milovaig is divided into 17 crofts, each with a full share in Glendale Estate and a share of the township common grazings.
A royal commission of 1917 reported on the "unspeakably filthy privy-middens in many of the mining areas, badly constructed incurably damp labourers' cottages on farms, whole townships unfit for human occupation in the crofting counties and islands ... groups of lightless and unventilated houses in the older burghs, clotted masses of slums in the great cities".A. McIntosh Gray and W. Moffat, A History of Scotland: Modern Times (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), , pp. 70–1. The result was a massive programme of council house building.
Donald Cameron is the son of the Donald Cameron 27th Lochiel, chief of the Clan Cameron. Cameron was educated at Harrow School and graduated with a first-class honours degree in modern history from Oriel College, Oxford and a Diploma in Law from City University London.‘CAMERON, Donald Andrew John’, Who's Who 2017, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2017 He worked as an advocate for 10 years before his election and acted for a range of clients in public, agricultural and crofting law.
In the 21st century, crofting is found predominantly in the rural Western and Northern isles and in the coastal fringes of the western and northern Scottish mainland. The Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886 provided for security of tenure, a key issue as most crofters remain tenants. The Act encouraged tenants to improve the land under their control, as it ensured that the control could be transferred within families and passed to future generations. Croft work was hard, back-breaking work which yielded a subsistence living.
The township is near the scene of the Battle of the Braes (Scottish Gaelic: Blàr a' Chumhaing) in 1882. Local crofting tenants facing eviction from the land withheld rent and released sheep onto a forbidden area on the shores of Ben Lee. Sent to evict them, the Sheriff Officer from Portree was met by an angry mob, who forced him to burn the eviction notices. Subsequently 50 Glasgow policemen, sent to quell the rebellion, faced 100 men, women and children, armed with sticks and stones.
MacPhee was born into a crofting family from Eochar/Iochdar, South Uist (Outer Hebrides), although he was actually born in Nettlehole, west of Glasgow, whilst his father worked as a hired hand before returning to Uist to settle when Angus was 7. As a young boy on the croft, he learnt how to make ropes and horse-harness from the abundant marram grass or muirineach on the island. He showed some skills playing music and singing, loved horses,Timothy Neat; Voice of the Bard. pub.Canongate, 1999.
Galltair is a remote coastal, scattered crofting township and former fishing village, overlooking Gills Bay and consists of Upper Gills to the south and the main township on the coast and is situated on the north coast of Caithness, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The township is located directly between the villages of Mey to the west along the A836 coast road, and the village of Canisbay to the east. A ferry terminal is located on Gills Bay which runs a ferry service to Orkney.
Clachtoll () is a coastal fishing and crofting village, situated on the Bay of Clachtoll, on the north western edge of Scotland, in the ancient parish of Assynt. It is in the postal district of Lairg, Sutherland, Scottish Highlands (a larger village some fifty miles inland) and lies in the County of Sutherland and in the Scottish council area of Highland. Its name derives from the Gaelic and refers to the very large broken rock, the remains of a natural arch. (Gaelic: "clach" is "rock" and "toll" means "hole", "cavity" etc.) on the headland nearby.
Bruan (Scottish Gaelic:) is a small crofting hamlet on the east coast of Scotland in Lybster, Caithness, Highland and is in the Scottish council area of the Highland. The long-abandoned old kirk at Bruan In 1845, the minister of Bruan in a famous sermon on the unjust Highland Clearances and the Highland Potato Famine stated: :It is true we often see the wicked enjoy much comfort and worldly ease, and the Godly chastened them every morning; but this is a dreadful rest to the former and a blessed chastisement to the latter.
Consequently, there was growing resentment amongst the crofting communities. In 1882 there were failures of both the potato and cereal harvests in the Hebrides (because of blight and wind damage, respectively); this led to widespread destitution in 1883. There was also unrest among the crofters and formation of a Highland Land League which took its inspiration from the Irish Land League. The Gladstone Government set up the Napier Commission (a "Royal Commission of Inquiry into the Condition of Crofters and Cottars in the Highlands and Islands" under Lord Napier ) to identify remedies.
There is also doubt about any real effect from the banning of Highland dress (which was repealed in 1782 anyway). The Highland Clearances saw further actions by clan chiefs to raise more money from their lands. In the first phase of clearance, when agricultural improvement was introduced, many of the peasant farmers were evicted and resettled in newly created crofting communities, usually in coastal areas. The small size of the crofts were intended to force the tenants to work in other industries, such as fishing or the kelp industry.
The Cabinet Secretary for Rural Economy and Tourism is a position in the Scottish Government Cabinet. The Cabinet Secretary is responsible for rural Scotland, tourism, Highlands and Islands Enterprise, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, aquaculture, food and drink, and crofting. The Cabinet Secretary was assisted by the Minister for Environment, Climate Change and Land Reform until 2016, when that role was given its own Cabinet level post. The Cabinet Secretary is assisted by the Minister for Rural Affairs and the Natural Environment, who also reports to the Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change and Land Reform.
The revival left a legacy of strict Sabbatarianism and local identity. From the late eighteenth century Scotland gained many of the organisations associated with the revival in England, including Sunday schools, mission schools, ragged schools, Bible societies and improvement classes.Lynch, Scotland: A New History, p. 403. Because the revival occurred at the same time as the transformation of the Highlands into a crofting society, Evangelicalism was often linked to popular protest against patronage and the clearances, while the Moderates became identified with the interests of the landholding classes.
Achgarve (Scottish Gaelic: An t-Achadh Garbh - the rough field) is a small coastal crofting and fishing hamlet, situated between Gruinard Bay and Loch Ewe on the Rubha Mòr peninsula, in the north west coast of Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands. An old track leads from Achgarve across the peninsula to the deserted village of Slaggan at Slaggan Bay to the west. A path also leads to Mellon Udrigle to the north of Achgarve and a coastal part connects it all the way around to Slaggan and then back to Achgarve.
Elphin (, which possibly derives from a combination of Norse and Gaelic, Fjell (cliff or rock) + Fionn (bright)) is a crofting township in Assynt, in the Sutherland area of Highland in Scotland. It lies about north of Ullapool. The village contains a telephone box, a post box, a tearoom, a Scottish Mountaineering Club Hut, Grampian Speleological Group Hut, a small caravan site and many self-catering options. Assynt Primary School closed in 2001, and the building is now a community hall operated by Elphin Ledmore and Knockan Community Association Limited.
While Lewis has only one town, Stornoway, with a population of approx 8,000, there are also several large villages and groupings of villages on Lewis, such as North Tolsta, Carloway and Leurbost with significant populations. Near Stornoway, Laxdale, Sandwick and Holm, although still de facto villages, have now become quasi-suburbs of Stornoway. The population of the greater-Stornoway area including these (and other) villages would be nearer 12,000. The island of Great Bernera contains the first planned crofting township created in the Outer Hebrides, Kirkibost created in 1805.
Islands in Loch Laxford. The original 1978 report that led to the area being designated as a national scenic area noted: Much of the area is uninhabited and uncultivated, with only a few small crofting townships such as Fanagmore and Foindle at the coast, and isolated shooting lodges in the interior. The underlying geology of the area is very much in evidence throughout the NSA, with the Moine Thrust being a key feature of the natural history of the area. The soil is thin, and pockets of woodland are rare.
Even accepting the level of debate on the subject among historians and the incomplete body of evidence, there is a clear case that, for example, pre-clearance Strathnaver (in Sutherland) experienced recurrent famine in a society operating at the margin of subsistence. Crofting communities became more common in the early part of the 19th century. Particularly in the West Highlands and the Isles, the residents of these small agricultural plots were reliant on potatoes for at least three quarters of their diet. Until 1750, potatoes had been relatively uncommon in the Highlands.
Gruinard Bay has a number of settlements, mainly located on the eastern shore of the bay. On the southeast corner, the small hamlet of Little Gruinard is located, where the similar named river leaves land. On the western coast, the former fishing village of Laide, in the nook where the coast turns north, overlooks Gruinard Island to the northeast. Further up the west coast, the villages of Achgarve, the main village of Mellon Udrigle and the smaller crofting township of Opinan have a commanding view of the bay and Gruinard island.
Older cottages in Fearnan Fearnan (Gaelic Feàrnan, 'Alders') is a small crofting village on the north shore of Loch Tay in Perthshire, Scotland. The village lies at the junction of the road to Glen Lyon and the road between Kenmore and Killin that runs along the north side of the loch. The land around the village has at various times in history belonged to both the Robertsons of Struan and the Campbells. The village is now a mix of old crofts dating back up to 400 years and new builds mainly from the 1980s.
Drumfearn () is a small crofting township, lying at the head of the Sleat peninsula, at the head of Loch Eishort, on the isle of Skye in the Highalnds of Scotland and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. There are ten crofts in the township, some of which were occupied by people cleared from other parts of Skye: in the 1820s from the village of Kilbride, and in 1852 from the villages of Boraraig and Suishnish. The village is accessed from a B road, leading from the main A851 road.
Papa Stour pier and ferry Crofting is the mainstay of island life. Sheep form the backbone of the agricultural economy but a diversity livestock are kept, including cattle, pigs, goats, chickens, ducks and geese. Vegetable are grown too, often in the shelter of circular walls, such plots being known as 'planti crubs' - these were originally used to propagate kale (cabbage) seedlings and were built well away from other buildings where they would be safe from mice. The seedlings would then be transplanted to kaleyards (gardens) near the houses.
Traditional crofting practice, which involves summer agriculture using seaweed together with dung from winter grazing animals as natural fertiliser, has, over time, bound together and stabilised the land. The machair is ploughed in rotation, giving a patchwork of crops and fallow of different ages which supports a wide range of flowers. Berneray has a particularly fine machair, a result of careful husbandry by the island's crofters, helped by the absence of rabbits. The youth hostel on Berneray The youth hostel on Berneray is part of the Gatliff Hebridean Hostels Trust.
Shetland literature is literature written in Shetland, Scotland, or by writers from Shetland. The literature is often written in Shetland dialect or its parent language, Norn, and often depicts the history and folklore of Shetland. Common themes include reflections on island life and proximity to the sea, it is fishing and crofting traditions, the weather and seasons as determined by Shetland's climate, Shetland's unique landscape, its flora and fauna, and the influence of the people's Viking heritage. Folklore often displays features seen similarly in Scandinavia and some Celtic traditions.
Tournaig is a remote scattered crofting and fishing hamlet, that sits on the confluence of the sea loch, Loch Thùrnaig to the west, and Loch Nan Dailthean to the south in Achnasheen, Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. During World War II a Balloon Barrage called the Loch Ewe defences was stationed near Tournaig farmstead. Several of the structures are still there including the watertower and several huts. The fishing village of Poolewe is situated less than 2 miles south along the A832 road.
The Minister for Environment and Climate Change and Land Reform took the lead role in environment and natural heritage, crofting, forestry, aquaculture, sport fishing, land reform, access, water quality regulation, sustainable development and climate change. In 2010, Climate Change was added to the Environment portfolio becoming Minister for Environment and Climate Change. Land reform was added to the title in November 2014 after Nicola Sturgeon's first reshuffle on her appointment to First Minister of Scotland. The Ministerial post was abolished in May 2016 at the beginning of the second Sturgeon government.
The Highland Clearances were part of the Scottish Agricultural Revolution. The old run-rig arable areas were replaced with more modern farming methods, new crops and land drainage systems were introduced and, controversially, the mixed farming tenants in the inland straths and glens were evicted and their former tenancies were used for, most commonly, extensive sheep farms. Evicted tenants were often resettled in newly created crofting communities which, in many cases, were in coastal regions. These changes occurred over virtually all the Highlands and Islands region, mostly over the period 1790 to 1855.
The crofts created by clearance were not intended to support all the needs of those who lived there, and consequently were restricted in size to a few acres of arable land with a surrounding shared grazing. Landlords intended their crofting tenants to work in various industries, such as fishing or kelp. A contemporary estimate was that a crofter needed to carry out 200 days work away from his croft in order to avoid destitution. In the second half of the 19th century, many crofters provided a substantial migrant workforce, especially for lowland farms.
Crann-nan-gad depicted in 1898 The crann-nan-gad was a type of plough formerly used in the Western Isles of Scotland. It was one of the earliest types of plough used in Hebridean crofting, and consisted of a small crooked piece of wood with an iron tip at one end and a top-mounted handle or stilt (thus, a single-stilted plough). Its curving coulter and sock were both made of iron. It could be drawn by up to four horses, although one or two were more usual.
The Potato Blight of 1846 (a year after Ireland) was another massive blow to the community, as over 80% of the diet was being provided by the humble potato, and crofting there entered a period of decline. Gaelic was very much the natural tongue of the home, work, and church in Sleat during the 19th century, and it remained overwhelmingly Gaelic speaking until the end of the Second World War. Gaelic speakers in the parish of Sleat: 1891, 89.3%; 1901, 89.7%. However, Gaelic was even more widely spoken in Tarskavaig: 1891, 97.6%; 1901, 95.2%.
M. Gardiner, Modern Scottish Culture (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2005), , p. 173. During World War I the government became increasingly aware of Scotland's housing problems, particularly after the Glasgow rent strike of 1915. A royal commission of 1917 reported on the "unspeakably filthy privy-middens in many of the mining areas, badly constructed incurably damp labourers' cottages on farms, whole townships unfit for human occupation in the crofting counties and islands ... groups of lightless and unventilated houses in the older burghs, clotted masses of slums in the great cities".
Aultgrishan (Gaelic: ) is a small crofting community near Gairloch, Ross- shire. It adjoins Melvaig, within Highland region and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. Aultgrishan is reached from the main B8021 single- track B-road that forks from the A832 in Gairloch and follows the north coast of the sea loch, Loch Gairloch, travelling west through Lonemore to Big Sand, before travelling north past North Erradale through Peterburn and Aultgrishan before terminating at Melvaig. The road then becomes narrower and continues about four miles to Rua Reidh Lighthouse.
Crofts not in use may be granted to new tenants. Looking back in history, Hunter believes that the Act established an old-fashioned order, with a place for the tenantry quite different than as in Ireland where crofters could buy their land under "Home Rule" acts. The Act was neither effective in the development of crofting communities nor did it encompass the political and social beliefs of those communities. But according to Wightman, the Act paved the road to further land development in Scotland, although it did not affect areas outside the .
In the 1960s Monica Goldsmith purchased Isle Martin and took it out of crofting tenure. She mainly ran it for nature conservancy purposes, introducing a number of improvements, including installing water and power supplies, and clearing sheep from the island in 1969. In 1980 she gave the island to the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) on the understanding that it would be managed for conservation. From around 1980 to 1985, the late writer Andro Linklater lived in the Mill House while writing his acclaimed biography of Compton Mackenzie.
The opinions of factors on their work are available from a few published accounts. In the main era of clearance, Patrick Sellar emphatically made the case for the changes made under him and on other estates - an opinion from which he never deviated. He felt that his own family had benefited from the clearance of his grandfather (who had been a stonemason), starting the Sellars on a path of upward mobility. In a later generation of factors, Evander McIver steadfastedly criticised the existence of overcrowded crofting communities that had been created in the first phase of the clearances.
In 1790, the British Fisheries Society planned a fishing port to be designed by Thomas Telford. However, poor management of the project, and the lack of enthusiasm shown by the local crofting population for fishing, meant only a small proportion of the scheme was constructed. By 1837 the Society had made a loss of £3,000 and seven years later it sold off the land it had acquired. Only a few structures were completed to Telford's design, including a pier of 1796–1802, a storehouse of 1795 (now converted to housing), and possibly the now-ruined smithy of 1799.
The second phase of the Highland clearances affected overpopulated crofting communities which were no longer able to support themselves due to famine and/or collapse of the industries on which they relied. "Assisted passages" were provided to destitute tenants by landlords who found this cheaper than continued cycles of famine relief to those in substantial rent arrears. This applied particularly to the Western Highlands and the Hebrides. Many Highland estates were no longer owned by clan chiefs, but landlords of both the new and old type encouraged the emigration of destitute tenants to Canada and, later, to Australia.
By the 1880s the common people or peasantry of the Highlands and Islands had been cleared from large areas of their ancestral lands, the clearances (known as the Highland Clearances) having occurred during the decades following the Battle of Culloden in 1746. Many emigrated to Canada, the USA, as well as Australia and other British colonies. Many who did not emigrate were crammed into crofting townships on very small areas of land where they were very vulnerable to abuse and exploitation by their landlords. Many lacked even crofts of their own and became cottars and squatters on the crofts of other people.
Campbell was born on 21 July 1937 at Greepe, near Roag on the Isle of Skye, into a Crofting family known for their singing and pipe playing. As a child she regularly sang at ceilidhs, and once sang for Dame Flora MacLeod, Chieftain of the MacLeod clan, at Dunvegan Castle. She left Skye for Glasgow, to study for a diploma in primary school teaching at Jordanhill College, and later in her career became Head Teacher at the special needs Newhills School in Easterhouse. While pursuing her career and bringing up her family she continued to sing.
Letterewe is a large estate of several tens of thousands of acres on the north-eastern shore of Loch Maree, South-East of Poolewe, in Wester Ross, Scotland.Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland, volume 4 (1883) It is one of the wildest, most remote and least populated areas in the United Kingdom. The estate was once in the possession of the Clan Mackenzie. In 1835, it was purchased by the Lancashire coal magnate, Meyrick Bankes (1811 - 1881), who evicted many of the crofting tenantsDrummond, Andrew (2020), A Quite Impossible Proposal: How Not to Build a Railway, Birlinn, pp.
The principal town in the area is Poolewe, on the southeastern flank of the peninsula. The A832 coastal road leads from Poolewe along the coast to the hamlet of Aultbea, whence a secondary B road leads west towards Mellon Charles, a former fishing and significant crofting hanlet. The A832 continues north, crossing the peninsula, until it reaches the northern coastline at Laide, where it turns southeast along the coast of Gruinard Bay, with another B road branching northward to the villages of Mellon Udrigle and Opinan on the western shore of the bay. Rubha Mor is also a double entendre.
The Old Man of Stoer, a 60-metre (197 feet) high stack of Torridonian sandstone Stoer () is a crofting township in the parish of Assynt, Sutherland, in the Highlands of Scotland and in the council area of Highland. It is located about five miles north of the village of Lochinver. Norman McLeod, a presbyterian minister who led a group of emigrants to Nova Scotia and New Zealand, came from Stoer. The Old Man of Stoer, a sea stack, and the lighthouse on Stoer Head are directly accessible from Stoer, being less than 4 miles north/north west of the village.
Mary M. Macdonald (Màiri Dhòmhnallach in Scottish Gaelic) (1789–1872), who lived in the crofting community of Ardtun near Bunessan and spoke only Gaelic, wrote her hymn "Leanabh an àigh" to a traditional melody. When the words were translated into English in the 1880s, the melody was named after the village of Bunessan by the translator, Lachlan Macbean. A monument to Mary Macdonald can be seen about 1.5 miles east of the village, on the road towards Craignure.Explore Mull: Mary Macdonald’s Memorial (picture and directions) The ruins of the house where she lived are also nearby.
Within this remit they are expected to enhance biodiversity, increase public access to the outdoors, encourage tourism and support the rural economy. The agency has been established initially to manage only the national forest estate, however it is intended that in future it may also take over management of other publicly owned land in Scotland. This could include land currently managed by other public bodies such as Crown Estate Scotland and NatureScot; crofting estates and agricultural land owned by the Scottish Government; land owned by local authorities; and land owned by the UK Ministry of Defence.
Brenish was once a highly populated village but has suffered a drastic decline in its numbers during the 1900s, brought about by a combination of the younger generation opting to move to the mainland and the demise of the ageing residents. There is very little employment in the local area and the traditional occupation of crofting has itself been in rapid decline since the 1980s. However, since the late 1990s the village has experienced a relative population boom. Over 50% of the population have migrated to Brenish from the UK mainland which has brought with it a feeling of revival.
C. R. Warren, Managing Scotland's Environment (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2002), , p. 90. As part of an attempt to mitigate the depopulation and commercialisation of Scottish farming, the Crofting Act of 1976 made it easier for crofters to buy their farms, but most were insufficient to support a family, and many small farmers turned to fish farming and tourism to supplement their incomes. A dual farm structure has emerged with agriculture divided between large commercial farms and small pluralised and diversified holdings. Scotland has the highest average farm size in the European Union, almost ten times the average.
Arable and fallow machair is threatened by changes to the way the land is managed, where the original system of crofts is under threat from a reduction in the number of crofters and the use of "modern" techniques. Changes to the Common Agricultural Policy, where production was decoupled from subsidies, reduced the amount of grazing taking place in many crofting areas, and led some areas to be undergrazed or abandoned. A lack of native seed increases the need for fertilizers and herbicides. Rising sea levels caused by global warming also pose a threat to low-lying coastal areas, leading to increased erosion.
In his twenties, as a young German diplomat, he was rich, had social status and had an apparent, assured career in front of him. Yet he chose to turn his back on all the privileges that life had afforded him, and pursue his amateur interests in ethnography and photography. Kissling is best known for the short film, “Eriskay - A Poem of Remote Lives”, which is based on his unique footage, shot in 1934, of crofting life on the island of Eriskay in the Western Isles of Scotland. His mother, Johanna, was a central figure in his life.
Pennymore, Peighinnchornach. In some places the pennyland was subdivided. On Loch Fyneside we meet with Lephinmore, Lephincorrach, (‘the big half-pennyland’, the ‘rough half pennyland’); also ‘an Fheòirling’ (the ‘farthingland’). A conventional use of the term ‘peighinn’ is met with in Skye—the crofting town of Elgol is separated by a march-dyke from the deer forest; each crofter is responsible for the upkeep of a specified length of the dyke, and it is called the ‘peighinn’ of his croft; similarly the part of the shore allotted to each croft for seaware is called the ‘peighinn’ of that croft.
Mowat believes that the Albans discovered Newfoundland in the early 900s. With both suitable land for crofting and a large walrus population, this would have drawn Alban settlers, hunters and European traders southwards from southwestern Greenland and central Labrador. The resulting decline in these areas meant that when Vikings first started appearing off the Greenland coast at the end of the tenth century, it prompted a rapid and third large scale move of Albans, this time to Newfoundland. Mowat believes that the Albans settled mostly in southwest Newfoundland, along the coastline between Channel- Port aux Basques and Port au Port.
The most important of these was the extension of the Community Right to Buy to communities of any size, including, for the first time, those in urban areas. It also introduced a new community right to buy land which is abandoned, neglected or causing harm to the environmental wellbeing of the community. Similar to the 2003 Act's crofting community right to buy, this new right does not require a willing seller. Rather, Scottish ministers may compel a landowner to sell to communities with a registered interest, if they deem the sale likely to contribute to sustainable local development.
In the 1891 census, 59.2% of the population of Braemar spoke the Gaelic language "habitually", the percentage of those actually able to speak the language (despite not having much opportunity to) would have been somewhat higher. The small crofting township of Inverey (Inbhir Èidh) was 86.3% Gaelic-speaking, most non-speakers being originally from Lower Deeside. The Gaelic spoken in the Aberdeenshire Highlands shared most features in common with the Gaelic of Strathspey and East Perthshire. The last native-speaker of the local Gaelic dialect died in 1984, though there are still surviving native-speakers of the similar Strathspey dialect.
The service came into being as a direct result of the publication of the Report of the Highlands and Islands Medical Service Committee or "Dewar Report" in 1912. This report exposed inadequate medical and nursing services across large parts of the crofting counties and recommended a new way of delivering state funded medical services. Doctors would be guaranteed a minimum salary and cost of travel would be reimbursed. In return they would be expected to visit all those requesting help, be involved in public health and school work, attend midwifery cases and provide themselves with adequate transport.
Mull as shown in Bleau's Atlas of Scotland, 1654. Shiaba (as 'Shaback') can be found towards the bottom left on the Ross of Mull (Ros-y) The township first appears by the name Shiaba in written records in 1779, though it is thought likely that its existence predates this. A possible earlier reference can be found in Bleau's Atlas of Scotland, 1654, which depicts the settlement of 'Shaback' in the approximate location of Shiaba. While the community initially operated using the runrig agricultural system, around 1804 it had changed into a crofting community with fixed areas of land attached to each croft.
With the assistance of Tom Watkins (Pet Shop Boys, East 17) the band negotiated a deal with Pete Tong at London/FFRR. This deal allowed for the completion of the state of the art recording studio in Leith and facilitated complete independence for the recording of their next album. For the writing and pre-production of the band's fourth album they relocated to a small crofting settlement called Sheigra, near Kinlochbervie, in the north west of Scotland. In 1994, the band released the single "Brand New" and, although a minor hit, the relationship with London/FFRR was cooling.
At the 1885 general election, Cameron was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wick Burghs as an independent liberal, defeating the sitting Liberal MP John Pender. A committed land reformer, he had been nominated by the Wick Radical Workingmen's Association and supported by the Highland Law Reform Association and appears to have been sympathetic to the Crofters Party.Allan W. MacColl Land, Faith and the Crofting Community Edinburgh University Press 2006 He served as a Liberal Party MP and held the seat until his defeat at the 1892 general election by Pender, who was by then a Liberal Unionist.
Early inhabitants of Pirnmill made a living through seasonal herring fishing or crofting, but later the village became a tourist destination, with many Clyde steamers plying between Glasgow and Campbeltown. The village was served by a small ferry boats that would be rowed out to the steamers, and visitors would have to decant into the small ferry to be rowed ashore. The last of these local ferry men was Archibald Currie (Sunnyside), who eventually fitted a small engine to one of his boats. The steamers were stopped during the Second World War and never really reinstated.
The small coastal crofting community of Tarskavaig is located, within Lord MacDonald's old estate, on the Sleat peninsula of Skye. The first Norwegian settlers arrived on Skye around 875 AD and with inter-marriage a Celtic-Norwegian population was quickly established. The name of the village reflects the long and mixed history of the village, being an Old Norse name, þorskavágr (or þorskavík), modern Norwegian Torskavåg (alternatively Torskavik), which translates as "Cod Bay" in English. This connection between the Vikings and the Gaels can be seen by the inclusion of tarsk as a loan word in Gaelic, from torsk in Norwegian.
The nearest permanently inhabited settlement is west of the headland of Aird an Rùnair, near the crofting township of Hogha Gearraidh on the island of North Uist at . North Uist is part of Na h-Eileanan Siar council area of Scotland. The exact position of Rockall and the size and shape of the Rockall Bank was first charted in 1831 by Captain A. T. E. Vidal, a Royal Navy surveyor. The first scientific expedition to Rockall was led by Miller Christie in 1896 when the Royal Irish Academy sponsored a study of the flora and fauna.
1819 became known as "the year of the burnings" (bliadhna na losgaidh) The result of this clearance activity was the transformation of the strath from traditional semi- subsistence agriculture to sheep farming. In later years, the Highland Clearances were re-examined, notably by the Napier Commission, who published their report in 1884. One outcome of this was the creation of the Congested Districts Board (CDB) in 1897, tasked with alleviating the problems of the over-crowded crofting communities created by clearance. This coincided with Patrick Sellar's grandson deciding not to continue with the tenancy in Strathnaver.
Loch Kirkaig is a small tidal sea loch, located in the region and parish of Assynt in south-west of Sutherland, in the west coast of Scotland and in the Scottish Highlands. Loch Kirkaig is 1.25 miles south of Loch Inver. The scattered crofting township of Inverkirkaig is located at the headland of the bay, next to the pebbly beach, on the round bay, which has no known name. The name Kirgaig comes from old Norse, Kirkju-vik meaning church bay, perhaps suggesting that in Viking times, there was a church, with a village located in the bay.
The Western Isles became part of the Norse kingdom of the ', which lasted for over 400 years until sovereignty for the Outer Hebrides was transferred to Scotland by the Treaty of Perth in 1266. Control of the islands was then held by clan chiefs, principal of whom were the MacLeods, MacDonalds, Mackenzies and MacNeils. The Highland Clearances of the 19th century had a devastating effect on many communities and it is only in recent years that population levels have ceased to decline. Much of the land is now under local control and commercial activity is based on tourism, crofting, fishing, and weaving.
150px The poet Sorley MacLean was born in Osgaig, a small crofting community on the west coast of the island; perhaps his most famous poem is about Hallaig, an abandoned community on the east coast. MacLean's writings often combine an ancient traditional awareness, with a modernist political outlook, in which Raasay, and the areas adjacent to it are frequently referenced. But while MacLean's work dwells on the brutality of war, of the Highland Clearances and modern exploitation, he also writes about nature. Thus, although the Clearances leave an empty landscape populated only by the ghosts of those evicted or forced to emigrate, "Time, the deer, is in the Wood of Hallaig".
In the Scottish Highlands, in 1846, there was widespread failure of potato crops as a result of potato blight. Crops failed in about three-quarters of the crofting region, putting a population of about 200,000 at risk; the following winter was especially cold and snowy and the death rate rose significantly. The Free Church of Scotland, strong in the affected areas, was prompt in raising the alarm and in organising relief, being the only body actively doing so in late 1846 and early 1847; relief was given regardless of denomination. Additionally, the Free Church organised transport for over 3,000 men from the famine-struck regions to work on the Lowland railways.
Napier's report in 1884 recommended security of tenure for crofters paying rents of over £6 a year (of whom there were few) and voluntary emigration for the rest of the population. Napier's recommendations were at odds with the measures adopted in Ireland to resolve the Irish 'land question' and the subsequent Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act, 1886 was more influenced by the Irish precedents than by the Napier Commission report. In the General Election of 1885, 5 Highland seats had elected 'Independent Liberal' MPs endorsed by the Highland Land League ("the Crofters' Party") and thereafter political considerations heavily influenced the Liberal approach to the problems of the crofting region.
The Highlands and Islands Medical Service was established in the crofting counties on a non-contributory basis in 1913. Though the fund was held centrally, and the obligation to pay into it was a nationally imposed one, access to the scheme was via Approved Societies, who collected the contributions, paid out for treatment, and provided day-to-day administration. A worker could choose which Approved Society to belong to; this stimulated competition between the societies. The 1911 Act only allowed Approved Societies to collect the contributions of their members; they could not keep the money, but had to forward it to the National Insurance Fund.
Due to the rugged and inaccessible terrain in which it is located, Loch Ewe has always been an assembly point for maritime trade. Around 1610 the area at the head of Loch Ewe, today known as Poolewe, was urbanised around an iron furnace using charcoal produced in the surrounding woodlands for fuel. English ironmasters found it more economic to ship the ore to Poolewe for smelting than to ship the processed charcoal to England to run furnaces there. The crofting villages which were established in the 1840s, as a result of the local parish's estate being reformed from run-rig to fixed holdings properties, were always quite small.
The main commercial activities are tourism, crofting, fishing and whisky distilling (centred on Islay but also including Talisker in Skye, Isle of Jura Single Malt and Tobermory and Ledaig in Mull). Overall, the area is relatively reliant on primary industries and the public sector; there is a dependence on self-employment and micro- business, and most parts are defined by Highlands and Islands Enterprise as economically "Fragile Areas". However, the islands are well placed to exploit renewable energy, particularly onshore and offshore wind; and the Sleat peninsula of Skye is an example of a more economically robust area."Argyll and the Islands - economic profile". HIE.
This energised the crofters and separated them from the landlords, preparing them for their successful and violent challenge to the landlords in the 1880s through the Highland Land League. Violence began on the Isle of Skye when Highland landlords cleared their lands for sheep and deer parks. It was quieted when the government stepped in passing the Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act, 1886 to reduce rents, guarantee fixity of tenure, and break up large estates to provide crofts for the homeless. In 1885, three Independent Crofter candidates were elected to Parliament, leading to explicit security for the Scottish smallholders; the legal right to bequeath tenancies to descendants; and creating a Crofting Commission.
The villages of Capadale, Pennydonald, Balnicol, Balgreasich and Erista, around where the modern scattered crofting township of Ardroil now stands, were some of the many cleared to make way for sheep farming and country sports. Uig Beach () is surrounded by the villages of Cradhlasta (Crowlista), Tuimisgearraidh (Timsgarry), Eadar Dhà Fhadhail (Ardroil) and Càrnais (Carnish). Bhaltos (Valtos) is the largest village in Uig and is home to about 35 people. Since 1999 the land on the Bhaltos peninsula, comprising also the smaller villages of Cliobh (Cliff), Cnìp (Kneep), Riof (Reef) and Na h-Ùigean (Uigen), has been owned by the community and managed by the Bhaltos Community Trust.
Fraser, Jean: Traditional Scottish Dyes, Canongate, 1983 The use of these lichens also resulted in a distinctive scent that made older Harris Tweed fabrics easily identifiable.J.C.T. Uphof, Dictionary of Economic Plants, Hafner, New York, p. 210, cited at Bibliographical database of the human uses of lichens retrieved 20 May 2007 A crofting village on the Isle of Lewis Upon the death of the 6th Earl of Dunmore in 1843, responsibility for his estate on the Isle of Harris passed to his wife, Lady Catherine Herbert. Lady Catherine noticed the marketing potential and high quality of the tweed cloth produced locally by two sisters from the village of Strond.
2003 saw two important pieces of legislation make their way through the Scottish parliament; the Land Reform (Scotland) Act and the Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act. The Land Reform (Scotland) Act has three parts, with provisions regarding three areas of land rights in Scotland; the creation of a legal framework for land access, the community right to buy and crofting community right to buy. The first part formalises the tradition in Scotland of unhindered access to open countryside. It creates a framework for responsible access to land and inland water, provided that care was taken not to cause damage or interfere with activities including farming and game stalking.
The Gaelic poet Donald MacDonald (Dòmhnall Aonghais Bhàin) was commissioned by Comann Each nan Eilean - The Eriskay Pony Society to compose a praise poem for the Eriskay pony to commemorate the publication of the original studbook in 1972. The poem makes reference to the pony's position as a crofting animal used to transport seaweed and peat, as well as its genial nature towards children. > Bha iad riamh an Èirisgeidh 's gum b' fheumail iad don t-sluagh, Bha iad > troimh na linntean ann sna tìmean chaidh air ruaig; Thàirneadh iad a' mhòine > gu fògairt chur air fuachd Is làimhsicheadh an òigridh iad 's bha iomadh > spòrs 'nan cuairt.
The recent discovery of a very significant Viking boatyard at Rubha an Dùnain, located only from this crofting/fishing community, indicates the possibility of a Viking maritime link between the two sites. Up until the 16th century the area around Tarskavaig was subject to feuds between the MacLeod and MacDonald clans. However, it was not until the 17th century (Charter of 1617) that the MacDonalds finally established control of the area and the clan chief settled at Armadale. Tarskavaig first appeared on Lord MacDonald's estate rental records in 1718, but it was not until 1766 that the small farming community appeared on a map.
Cox's stack 'Lochee' originally referred to the area in which weavers' cottages were situated at the burn which flowed through Balgay Lochee; thus, they were at the eye of the loch or Loch E'e, which eventually became Lochee. It is believed this site is close to where Myrekirk stands today. Indeed, John Ainslie's map of 1794 makes reference to 'Locheye' on the north and south banks of the burn. However, G. Taylor and A. Skinner's 'Survey and maps of the roads of North Britain or Scotland' in 1776 makes reference to 'Lochee'. When the loch was drained by the Duncans in the 15th century they offered crofting tenancies along the burn.
She was the first peer to pledge the oath of allegiance in Gaelic when being introduced to the Lords. At different points in her career, she was Vice- President of the Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, Honorary Associate of the National Council of Women of Great Britain, and Honorary President of the Clyde Fishermen's Association, and also held honorary positions in the An Comunn Gàidhealach, the Scottish National Farmers' Union and the Scottish Crofting Foundation, and was a participant in the early days of the Scottish Constitutional Convention. She chaired the West Highland Health Services Solutions Group. In August 2007 she was appointed to the Scottish Broadcasting Commission established by the Scottish Government.
Castle from helicopter. Land mixes with water, seabirds, fiddle music; people enter the presentation in a community hall. Images of giant earth-moving equipment, sheep, stag, gas flare, then the faces of the locals watching the play – some baffled, some sceptical, some participating, particularly in a song sung in Scottish Gaelic... Each sketch and reconstruction is supported by a continuous narration of facts and statistics, presenting an account of Scottish history from 1746 to 1974. Scenes describe 60 years of poverty, abuse and small scale eviction endured by the crofting tenants of the Highlands from 1746 – "Culloden and all that" – when speaking, singing or writing Scottish Gaelic and the wearing of the plaid were forcibly forbidden by the government.
The sudden expansion of English and Scottish capital and estate enlargement – "more money to buy more land" – at the beginning of the 19th century is outlined next. Patrick Sellar, a factor of the Duke of Sutherland, is introduced. His systemised evictions of the Highlanders were the broadest and most brutal of all the Clearances, and he is evoked as representative of the issues of land ownership in the Highlands and Islands and the north of Scotland. With frequent shots of the audience the play gives dispassionate readings of the equally dispassionate contemporary accounts of the brutality involved in evicting Highland crofting tenants to make way for the more profitable Cheviot, and later Blackface, sheep.
At the end of the 18th-century, a population of around 1,000 eked out a living on the Knoydart peninsula, through a mixture of crofting and fishing.Humphreys, R. & Reid, D. (2013) The Rough Guide to Scottish Highlands & Islands (6th Ed.) page 236 Rough Guides UK. Retrieved March 2015 Depopulation of the area began in August 1853, when the recently widowed Josephine MacDonnell forced the eviction of some 330 people to Canada, on board the Sillery, to make way for sheep.Sandison, B. (2012) Sandison's Scotland page 194-195 Black & White Publishing Retrieved March 2015 Depopulation of the area continued, with a series of further evictions as successive landowners ran the property as a hunting and shooting estate.
Twenty-three properties are designated as "cultural", four as "natural", and one as "mixed". The breakdown of sites by type was similar to the overall proportions; of the 1,121 sites on the World Heritage List, 77.5% are cultural, 19% are natural, and 3.5% are mixed. St Kilda is the only mixed World Heritage Site in the UK. Originally preserved for its natural habitats alone, in 2005 the site was expanded to include the crofting community that once inhabited the archipelago; the site became one of only 25 mixed sites worldwide. The natural sites are the Dorset and East Devon Coast; Giant's Causeway and Causeway Coast; Gough and Inaccessible Islands; and Henderson Island.
Young, Donald "Church & Chapel" in Although they soon became focal elements of community life, there seems to have been some bad blood between the two congregations, perhaps due to a clash between the missionary zeal of local Baptists and the Calvinism of the Presbyterian Kirk. alt=View of a pier leading to a sloping shingle beach on which numerous boats are standing. Groups of people are visible at the foot of the pier and on a track which leads up to a building at the top of the slope. The inhabitants of Stroma were highly self-sufficient, and many practiced additional trades such as carpentry or roof-laying in addition to their "day jobs" in fishing or crofting.
Archaeological evidence from California's Channel Islands confirms that islanders were harvesting kelp forest shellfish and fish, beginning as much as 12,000 years ago. During the Highland Clearances, many Scottish Highlanders were moved on to areas of estates known as crofts, and went to industries such as fishing and kelping (producing soda ash from the ashes of kelp). At least until the 1840s, when there were steep falls in the price of kelp, landlords wanted to create pools of cheap or virtually free labour, supplied by families subsisting in new crofting townships. Kelp collection and processing was a very profitable way of using this labour, and landlords petitioned successfully for legislation designed to stop emigration.
The most radical and controversial provision of the act was the creation of the Community Right to Buy for Sustainable Development. This permitted Scottish Ministers to approve the purchase of privately owned land by a community body with a registered interest. Like the Crofting Community Right to Buy and the Community Right to Buy abandoned or derelict land, the Community Right to Buy for Sustainable Development does not require a willing seller but allows ministers to compel landowners to sell if they decide that the sale will further sustainable development in the area. Community bodies may also register an interest in allowing a third party to purchase land on the same basis.
There are various specialist courts and tribunals with specialist jurisdictions, which are subject to the ultimate jurisdiction of either the Court of Session or High Court of Justiciary, including . Children under the age of 16 who face allegations of criminal conduct are dealt with through the Children's Hearings, which are quasi- judicial in nature. Disputes involving agricultural tenancies and crofting are dealt with by the Scottish Land Court, and disputes about private rights in titles for land ownership and land valuation are dealt with by the Lands Tribunal for Scotland. Heraldry is regulated in Scotland both by the civil and criminal law, with prosecutions taken before the Court of the Lord Lyon.
According to clan tradition, Ian Macneil, having succeeded his father, Robert Lister Macneil of Barra in 1970, was the 46th Chief of the Clan, in line of descent from Niall of the Nine Hostages, High King of Ireland,See Clan MacNeil and 26th Macneil of Barra. Notable events during his tenure included his gifting of the crofting estate of Barra to the Scottish nation, and his granting of a lease of the medieval Kisimul Castle to Historic Scotland for 1000 years at an annual rent of £1 and one bottle of whisky. On his death he was succeeded in the position of Chief by his son Roderick Wilson Macneil.See Who's Who' (A&C; Black: London).
The Rural Development Council was an advisory body to the Scottish Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs and the Environment, Richard Lochhead MSP. Its members include: Barbara Kelly; Donald MacRae of the Bank of Scotland; Stuart Housden, the Director of RSPB Scotland; Derek Logie of the Rural Housing Service; Liberal Democrat Councillor Alison Hay from Argyll and Bute Council; Kate Braithwaite, Director of the Carnegie UK Trust Rural Programme; Alex Walker, chairman of Development Trusts Association Scotland; Shiela Garson from Shapinsay Development Trust; Neil Macleod, the chair of the Scottish Crofting Foundation, Jim McLaren of NFU Scotland; and Liam Beattie, a student from the University of Stirling. The council was formed in 2008 and has met in Dumfries, Dunkeld and Finzean.Government news release.
It has also supported renewable energy though this has recently proved to be a controversial stance, particularly on the Isle of Lewis. Though generally supportive of the Labour Party, it has also criticised Labour governments on issues such as crofting reform and has played a major part in shaping political debate in the West Highlands and Islands. The West Highland Free Press has seen a number of notable columnists, including Professor Donald MacLeod, former principal and leading theologian of the Free Church of Scotland College in Edinburgh, Angus Peter Campbell, the award-winning Gaelic writer and award-winning novelist Roger Hutchinson. The paper's founding editor, Brian Wilson, was also a regular contributor since retiring from politics as a Labour MP and British government minister.
Crofting law allows crofters to force their landlord to sell, at a low price, their croft houses; the in-bye land (land which formed an integral part of the croft); and a share of the local common grazing land, provided it was adjacent to the croft and had been fenced off. However, the landlord would retain mineral, salmon fishing and hunting rights (except for limited rights for crofters to shoot deer who were damaging crops or grazing land). MacAskill (1999) pp. 206-207 The option was therefore kept in reserve in order to make the estate less attractive to other potential bidders--compulsory purchase of the crofts would force the new landowners to sell much of their newly acquired land for a fraction of its value.
Two other factors have often been cited in Stroma's depopulation: the building of the nuclear power station at nearby Dounreay in the 1950s, which created many new jobs on the mainland, and in the same decade the construction of a harbour on Stroma on which many islanders were employed. Although it has been claimed that this gave the islanders the incentive (and the means) to leave, local historian Donald A. Young points out that of islanders who left after 1945, only one went directly from Stroma to Dounreay. Most of the rest either continued fishing or carried on crofting on the mainland, while others found alternative jobs. Some ex-islanders eventually found jobs at Dounreay, but they had already moved to the mainland for work or education.
Drumbeg () is a remote crofting village on the north west coast of Scotland in Assynt, Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland. The village of Drumbeg lies within a few hundred metres of one of Scotland's earliest known shipwrecks, first surveyed in 2012 by Wessex Archaeology and thought to be a Northern European trading vessel dating to the mid-seventeenth century. Wreck remains include three iron cannons. The significance of this wreck has been recognised in its legal designation as Scotland's first Historic Marine Protected Area, making it an offence to interfere with the wreck without a licence from the Scottish Government, although divers may visit the site on a 'look but don't touch' basis.
Robbie tells Ruth and Andrew that he is engaged to a Norwegian girl called Polly, whom he had met in a brief period working outside Hirta, and intends to announce that to the other islanders on the next day at the men's assembly, the "parliament". Robbie's father, Peter Manson (John Laurie), is determined to stay, while Andrew's father, James Gray (Finlay Currie), suspects that their way of life cannot last much longer. But if Robbie leaves, that will make it harder for the others because there will be one less young man to help with the fishing and the crofting. Moreover, Robbie not only intends to leave but also to propose that the other islanders do the same and evacuate Hirta.
The first evidence that can be found of small tenants holding directly of the proprietor is in a rental of the estates of Sir D. MacDonald in Skye and North Uist in 1715. The first planned crofting townships in the Outer Hebrides were Barragloum and Kirkibost (Great Bernera) which were laid out into 32 large "lots" of between 14 and 30 acres in the uniform rectangular pattern that would become very familiar in later decades. This work was carried out in 1805 by James Chapman for the Earl of Seaforth. The first edition of the Ordnance Survey in 1850 clearly highlights the division of this land and the turf and stone boundaries built by the first tenants in 1805 are still in use today as croft boundaries.
On the issue of access to land, therefore, little real progress was to be made until after the First World War. Some resources were put into development of the communications infrastructure of the Highlands and Islands (roads, railways, and harbours) and, in the early years of the 20th century the Congested Districts Board was able to push through the establishment of new crofting townships on Skye and in the Strathnaver area of Sutherland. The Congested Districts Board was created in 1897 and can be seen as a precursor to the Highlands and Islands Development Board, which is known now as Highland and Islands Enterprise (HIE). A new Liberal government, elected in 1906 (in the 1906 general election), abolished the Congested Districts Board and created the Board of Agriculture for Scotland.
There is a substantial distance between the understanding of the Highland clearances held by historians and the popular view of these events. The clearances were condemned by many writers at the time, and in the late 19th century they were invoked in opposition to landlordism and calls for land reform related to crofting, notably in Alexander Mackenzie's 1883 History of the Highland Clearances. The effects of the clearances were evoked in fictional works by authors including Neil M. Gunn and Fionn MacColla in the 1930s and 1940s. The subject was largely ignored by academic historians until the publication of a best-selling history book by John Prebble in 1963 attracted worldwide attention to his view that Highlanders had been forced into tragic exile by their former chieftains turned brutal landlords.
Portree on Skye, an island where the population has grown in recent decadesHaswell-Smith (2007) p. 173 In the past many smaller islands that are uninhabited today had permanent populations. Losses were severe in many areas during the 19th century when islands such as Pabbay and Fuaigh Mòr were subject to forcible evictions during the Highland Clearances.Haswell-Smith (2007) pp. 269, 306-07 Mass emigration from the Hebridean islands was at its height in the mid-19th century but it commenced as early as the 1770s in some areas.Symonds (1999) p. 101 The crofting counties held 20% of Scotland's population in 1755 but by 1961 this figure had declined to 5%.Turnock (1969) p. 190 Other examples include Mingulay, Noss and the St Kilda archipelago, which were abandoned during the course of the 20th century.
Aldourie Castle, landward side Aldourie Castle on Loch Ness was first recorded as a laird’s house in 1625 as a property of Mackintosh of Kyllachy in Nairnside. Lying close to the small, crofting village of Aldourie, it originally consisted of a rectangular main block, with a round tower at the south-west corner, and was extended to the west in 1839 with a two-storey wing. In the 1860s, William Fraser-Tytler was responsible for transforming Aldourie into the historic castle it is today. He commissioned Mackenzie & Matthews to extend the house “in all directions, parading the full repertoire of early 17th-century baronialism, including a balustraded round tower cribbed from Castle Fraser, Grampian, oriel windows, scroll-sided steeply pedimented dormers, candle-snuffered turrets, corbelling, rope-moulded stringcourses and gunloops”.
Aird an Rùnair is the most westerly point of the island of North Uist in the Western Isles of Scotland. The headland is approximately south-west of Balmartin. The nearest permanently inhabited settlement to the disputed territory of Rockall is the crofting township of Hogha Gearraidh, east of Aird an Rùnair, which is itself , or 198.1 nmi east of the rock.Aird an Runair, North Uist approximately Mean High Water Springs ETRS89 57°36’10.42010”N 7°32’56.63226”W, grid reference NF 68686,70560. Distance to Rockall approximately 366.966km (228.022mi) (198.135nmi). Mean Low Water Springs approximately ETRS89 57°36’6.69076”N 7°32’58.17475”W, grid reference NF 68651,70447.Hogha Gearraidh / Hougharry centre approximately ETRS89/WGS84 57°36’33”N 7°31’7”W, grid reference NF 70559,71108. Distance to Rockall approximately 368.755km (229.134mi) (199.112nmi).
The Stornoway suffrage association was formed of 25 women, from a community very different from the middle class London or working class factory women joining the big city suffrage societies or the militant Women's Social and Political Union (suffragette) activities, elsewhere in Scotland and across Britain. Hebridean women were mainly heavy manual workers, strong physical women who worked gutting fish for the herring trawler industry, following the fleet locally, and travelling with other women from fishing villages around the coast of Scotland, and Britain gutting the fish in the herring season. Despite having no rights to vote, the women made a significant financial contribution to the islands (£75,000 p.a. before the First World War); or worked in crofting, in small plots growing crops and keeping animals, whilst their men were away at sea.
The riot was mentioned in a number of Scottish radical journals in the following years. The "Battle of the Braes" (Scottish Gaelic: Blàr a' Chumhaing) took place on Skye less than a decade later, in 1882, when crofters began a rent strike and confronted the Portree Sheriff's Officer sent to enforce eviction notices against them, forcing him to burn the documentation. This resulted in the deployment of around 50 police officers from Glasgow to the area, who were met by an angry mob of men, women and children armed with improvised weapons. The Crofters' War took place about ten years later, and led to the founding of the Napier Commission, which led to compromises being made on behalf of the crofters, and the reform of crofting in Scotland, beginning with the passing of the Crofters' Holdings (Scotland) Act 1886.
The Highland Clearances ( , the "eviction of the Gaels") were the evictions of a significant number of tenants in the Scottish Highlands and Islands, mostly in the period 1750 to 1860. In the first phase, clearance resulted from agricultural improvement, driven by the need for landlords to increase their income (many landlords had crippling debts, with bankruptcy playing a large part in the history). This involved the enclosure of the open fields managed on the run rig system and the shared grazing. Especially in the North and West of the region, these were usually replaced with large-scale pastoral farms stocked with sheep, on which much higher rents were paid, with the displaced tenants getting alternative tenancies in newly created crofting communities, where they were expected to be employed in industries such as fishing, quarrying or the kelp industry.
The Virtual Hebrides was an influential website which was set up in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland and was in operation from late 1993 until 2000. The Virtual Hebrides was founded by photographer and film maker Sam Maynard , who had set up Eòlas Media — a TV production company largely working through the medium of the Gaelic language — and Scott Hatton, who in the early days of the World Wide Web had been running one of the first internet-based communities. As the first major website in the Scottish islands and based in a community where nearly everybody knows everybody else, its influence stretched far beyond that of most other websites. The staff of Eolas photographed in 1997 The Hebrides are agrarian economies, with small, close-knit, widely distributed populations and largely based on crofting, fishing and tourism.
Eriskay, looking north towards Easabhal on South Uist Many Eriskay families have had to leave the island in recent years in search of work and some historic island families have few or no descendants left on the island. An example of these families is the MacInnes who were a prominent island family at the time of the Kissling film but now number just four members of the extended family dwelling on the island, and active in crofting, shell-fishing, building work, as well contributing to the community. Many of those who leave for the mainland are young as—in common with remoter rural areas generally—there are few work opportunities and limited access to further or higher education. The island's population was 143, as recorded by the 2011 census—an increase of 7.5% since 2001, when there were 133 usual residents.
Wilson was selected to fight a more winnable seat and was elected to serve Cunninghame North constituency in 1987, winning the seat from the Conservative Party, and successfully held the seat in the 1992, 1997 and 2001 general elections. In opposition, Wilson was spokesperson on election planning (1996–1997), trade and industry (1994–1995), transport (1992–1994 and 1995–1996)—where he was recognised as an effective Parliamentary opponent of rail privatisation— and on Scottish affairs (1988–1992). In his first ministerial role, as Scottish Office Minister for Education and Industry, he had responsibility for the Highlands and Islands which allowed him to deliver on some of the issues he had campaigned for over a long period. He established the Community Land Unit and the Fund on which community buy-outs of crofting estates was based.
The My Friends series is narrated by Janet Sandison and follows her life from the World War I period through to the 1960s, depicting the people she encounters and showing how her crofting upbringing influences her in whatever society and geographical location she finds herself. Duncan's My Friends series was heavily based on her own life. In the four-novel Jean Robertson sequence (1969–75), notionally written by Sandison (who herself becomes an author), the heroine and part- narrator moves from bleak beginnings in the town of "Lochfoot" (based on Balloch, West Dunbartonshire) to become a house-servant in the interwar period, influencing for good the lives of many around her. The five-book "Camerons" series for children have a contemporary setting (being inspired by the author's niece and nephews, "The Hungry Generation") and are particularly notable for including the young Iain who has learning difficulties.
Bungalows in Comiston: typical of the suburban low density housing around Edinburgh In the twentieth century the distinctive Scottish use of stone architecture declined as it was replaced by cheaper alternatives such as Portland cement, concrete, and mass-production brick. Stone would however be retained as a material for some housing stock in Edinburgh, Aberdeen and Dumfries, and would undergo revivals.Maxwell, "A History of Scotland’s Masonry Construction", p. 29. During the First World War, the government became increasingly aware of Scotland's housing problems, particularly after the Glasgow rent strike of 1915. A royal commission of 1917 reported on the "unspeakably filthy privy- middens in many of the mining areas, badly constructed incurably damp labourers' cottages on farms, whole townships unfit for human occupation in the crofting counties and islands ... groups of lightless and unventilated houses in the older burghs, clotted masses of slums in the great cities".A. McIntosh Gray and W. Moffat, A History of Scotland: Modern Times (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), , pp. 70–1.
The Chairman of the Scottish Land Court is ranked as a Senator of the College of Justice, and is required to be meet the same eligibility criteria as a Senator.To be eligible for appointment as a senator a person must have served at least 5 years as sheriff or sheriff principal, been an advocate for 5 years, a solicitor with 5 years rights of audience before the Court of Session or High Court of Justiciary, or been a Writer to the Signet for 10 years (having passed the exam in civil law at least 2 years before application.) The Scottish Land Court has a legally qualified Deputy Chairman, with several Agricultural Members. The Agricultural Members (also called "practical Members") are lay (not legally qualified) members of the Court with significant experience of agriculture. They deal with many crofting cases, and sit in the Divisional Court, where they are supported by the Principal Clerk as legal assessor.
Within the mound they found a pile of articles which consisted of human bones which had been affected by heat, fragments of whalebone which were decorated with a design of concentric circles, charcoal, lumps of iron, among which were Viking boat rivets, bronze pieces, two pieces of vitrified stone and a bronze coin, identified as a styca of Wigmund, the Archbishop of York between 831 and 854 C.E. When a ferry was set up between the town of Saltcoats in Ayrshire and Arran in 1790 this led to the merging of the five settlements into the village of Whiting Bay. The steamers from Glasgow and elsewhere in the Clyde Estuary began to call in at Whiting Bay in the 1830s. When the inland crofting areas of Arran underwent clearances from the 1830s this led to an increased demand for accommodation on the coast. Of all of the villages on Arran, Whiting Bay appears to have been attractive to a more well-heeled clientele.
In 1913, four farms on Lewis had been scheduled for take-over, but the action had been opposed by the Proprietor at that time, and when the war with Germany broke out it was left in abeyance. Towards the end of the war, in the summer of 1918, the Scottish Office first proposed to Leverhulme that under the Small Landholders Act, the Board of Agriculture should take possession of certain of his farms and create something fewer than a hundred and fifty crofts. He was against this, even though some local politicians believed that Leverhulme's project and the provision of more crofts were not mutually exclusive. But Leverhulme firmly believed that he could greatly improve living standards to an extent that crofting would become a forgotten way of life. He was also impatient with politicians’ machinations and the laborious indolence of the political system that persisted with the ‘futile land reform’ instead of adopting what he considered the most sensible course of action; to forget about new crofts and allow him, in the interests of expediency, to behave like the 'monarch' of the Western Isles.
His factor in the Scourie district (Evander McIver) worked both to persuade the landlord to subsidise emigration and to encourage the tenantry to accept the assistance offered. Whilst the second Duke of Sutherland effectively forbade eviction to achieve this, the influence of favourable reports from previous emigrants, coupled with the level of destitution in the community acted as a stimulus for people to leave. Extreme poverty acted as a barrier to emigration - emphasising the importance of financial assistance from the landlord. The crofting areas lost about a third of their population between the early 1840s and the late 1850s; losses were higher in the Hebrides and remoter areas of the mainland such as Ardnamurchan with over 40% of inhabitants being evicted by 1856 Some landlords contributed towards 'assisted' emigration (under which over 16,000 crofters were shipped overseas to Canada and Australia), others encouraged their tenants to move by taking a harder line on rent arrears, turf-cutting rights and other practices on which tenants had traditionally been allowed some leeway, but - since crofters had no security of tenure - landlords could simply evict their superfluous tenants.
The Chairman of the Scottish Land Court, who is also appointed as President of the Lands Tribunal for Scotland, has the same rank and tenure as a Senator of the College of Justice, but does not number as a member of the College of Justice. The Office of Chairman was created with the founding of the Scottish Land Court in 1991 by the Small Landholders (Scotland) Act 1911 which has a responsibility for hearing cases relating to agricultural tenancies and crofting. The Chairman is supported by a Deputy Chairman who holds the office of sheriff. The Chairman is legally qualified, and must satisfy the same eligibility criteria as a Senator: that is, they must have served at least 5 years as sheriff or sheriff principal, been an advocate for 5 years, a solicitor with 5 years rights of audience before the Court of Session or High Court of Justiciary, or been a Writer to the Signet for 10 years (having passed the exam in civil law at least 2 years before application.) When founded, the Scottish Land Court, and its judiciary, were a separate administration to the Court of Session, High Court of Justiciary and sheriff courts.
Professor Meek writes that the songs of Mairi Mhòr show the influence that The Highlander had on the opinions of ordinary Highland people, even thought the paper was mainly in English.Dòmhnall Eachann Meek, Mairi Mhòr nan Oran ; Taghadh de a h-Orain (Edinburgh : Scottish Academic Press, 1998) p40 Murdoch believed that a vicious system of land ownership was at the root of all ills in the Highlands and this could only be changed by the crofters or peasants taking the lead and standing up for themselves in a campaign for land reform. In common with other campaigners for Highland land reform Murdoch maintained that the crofters had an inalienable right to the land which, they asserted, had belonged to the clan as a whole and had not been the personal property of chief.James Hunter, The Making of the Crofting Community, (Edinburgh : John Donald,1976) p129 &157-159 He argued that a sustained attack on the Gaelic language and culture had all but destroyed the self-confidence and morale of the indigenous Highlanders and that this needed to be reversed as part of the land reform campaign.
Ruins of Bennachie Colony The Colony was a squatters' community on "commonty", or common land, on one side of Bennachie, a range of hills near Aberdeen, in Scotland. From the beginning of the nineteenth century common land in the parishes of Chapel of Garioch and Oyne on the east side of Bennachie became home to a community of squatters. This settlement was known locally as the Colony. A small number of families led a crofting life supplementing it by doing skilled work, such as dyking, quarrying and knitting.Fraser, H P 1984 ‘On the Trail of the Bennachie Colonists’, Bennachie Notes No. 3 (Oct. 1984), 8-12Fraser, H P 1985a ‘On the Trail of the Bennachie Colonists’, Bennachie Notes, No. 4 (April 1985), 7 -10Fraser, H P 1985b ‘On the Trail of the Bennachie Colonists’, Bennachie Notes , No. 5 (Oct. 1985), 4-7 In 1850 it is believed the Colony had a population of 55.Fagen, J. "Echoes of the Bennachie Colonists" , Leopard Magazine, Retrieved on 2009-08-11 In 1859 eight neighbouring landlords took possession of sections of Bennachie as part of their estates.

No results under this filter, show 394 sentences.

Copyright © 2024 RandomSentenceGen.com All rights reserved.