The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development issued a guidance against criminalization and encourage alternatives to criminalization.
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"Criminalization of sex work is an untenable model," Branstetter said.
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This would lead to the "criminalization" of many DOJ decisions.
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Yet its continued reliance on policing and criminalization raises concern.
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What we consider free speech is often subject to criminalization.
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Criminalization of political differences and impeachment are double edged swords.
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I am ardently opposed to the criminalization of political disagreements.
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The criminalization of political difference was established by Chris Christie.
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"The criminalization of marijuana has been a mistake," Chairman Rep.
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By contrast, advocating marijuana's continued criminalization only compounds those risks.
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That will likely lead to burdensome regulations, or worse, criminalization.
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Drug criminalization itself is a key part of the problem.
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Does criminalization by the DEA affect researchers' access to certain drugs?
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The federal government's Rapid Rehousing program is another alternative to criminalization.
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But data shows that criminalization laws especially hurt these vulnerable communities.
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Journalists do this with sources constantly: it's the criminalization of journalism.
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Criminalization has also been a big driver of the overdose crisis.
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The Criminalization of Black Girls in Schools, Monique W. Morris argues
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Not for advocates who seek full repeal of HIV criminalization laws.
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These trends are promoting criminalization and promoting these kinds of clashes.
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Rejecting legalization does not mean embracing criminalization or other antiquated policies.
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Supply reduction refers to regulation and criminalization of the drugs themselves.
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Ambiguities in criminal statutes are supposed to be resolved against criminalization.
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But worse is that Interpol's own guidelines encourage the criminalization of speech.
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HIV criminalization laws are not meant to indiscriminately criminalize everyone with HIV.
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That's why I was accused of supporting the criminalization of sex workers.
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Where we go wrong is through imposing stigma and criminalization onto sex.
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A backlash to the drug mounted, culminating in its criminalization in 1968.
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"There's a lot of stigma with criminalization of drug use," Davies says.
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Stigma and criminalization of sex work cuts both ways—and cuts deep.
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Indonesia's Islamist groups have long called for the criminalization of gay sex.
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The criminalization of poverty in the United States has a wide sweep.
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Under criminalization, insisting on strict screening every time wouldn't be an option.
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To state the obvious: criminalization is a force of violence and inequality.
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Under criminalization, the state arrested and incarcerated hundreds of thousands of people.
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Check out more videos from VICE: Under criminalization, the environment was ravaged.
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He agreed that the criminalization of potential HIV exposure should be changed.
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Sometimes law revision commissions are the last defense between citizens and criminalization.
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Just as criminalization doesn't affect all people equally, neither does immigration enforcement.
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Criminalization makes it harder for people to raise themselves off the streets.
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In the Dutch case, the criminalization approach has arguably made things worse.
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"When we talk about criminalization, the base issue is stigma," he told Vox.
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Of course, these black leaders weren't calling for the criminalization of black people.
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The criminalization of politics is a hallmark of totalitarian states and banana republics.
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It's also worth noting that Pence's record on drug criminalization is absolutely horrifying.
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In Central Florida, Impact Homelessness studied the impacts of criminalization in Osceola County.
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The uptick of these criminalization laws has been a cause of international censure.
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Showdown at the Constitutional Court Criminalization might be closer than most would expect.
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Corporate capitalism is both explicitly and implicitly named as the bedfellow of criminalization.
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This criminalization would have lasting impacts for things like employment, volunteering, and travel.
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A "criminalization of poverty" helps create a devastating cycle of hardship, he said.
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The appointment of special prosecutors is nothing less than the criminalization of politics.
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So welcome to the big push for the federal criminalization of domestic terrorism.
|
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But on top of being counterproductive, excessive criminalization can make drug abuse worse.
|
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This is happening in a climate of increasing criminalization against queer sex workers.
|
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"[T]he criminalization of poverty is THE REASON [C]arcel exists," one person tweeted.
|
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All of these cases point to the worrying trend of the criminalization of solidarity.
|
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Criminalization and profiling intensify hate violence because they reinforce narratives of privilege and prejudice.
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This means marginalized populations are disproportionately vulnerable to trafficking as a result of criminalization.
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Trump is not the only politician to call for a criminalization of flag-burning.
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It involves new criminalization, new crimes that will be created at the federal level.
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Fabric's closing also feeds into the debate about the criminalization of recreational drug use.
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This includes the criminalization of decisions we choose to make about our own bodies.
|
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The data on this question is in, and it does not favor aggressive criminalization.
|
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Treatment barriers related to racism, discrimination, and criminalization prevent others from receiving adequate care.
|
|
Some 200,000 people in Switzerland use illegal cannabis, the government estimated, despite its criminalization.
|
|
Take Punjab's Women Protection Law, which has allowed for the criminalization of domestic violence.
|
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"All three require the criminalization of possession and production of cannabis," says the note.
|
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And in this story you see women who were victims of that criminalization structure.
|
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Less attention has been paid to another outcome: the government's criminalization of medical care.
|
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Most notably, the Office's closing signals a growing inclination towards the criminalization of immigration.
|
|
Criminalization is deeply harmful to people living in the most precarious and vulnerable situations.
|
|
Muslims, Arabs and South Asians in America live under a specter of criminalization and surveillance.
|
|
Will a federal comprehensive bill include aspects of restorative justice for those affected by criminalization?
|
|
Y.) Marijuana Opportunity, Reinvestment, and Expungement (MORE) Act, comprehensive legislation to end federal marijuana criminalization.
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" Harris said the criminalization of parents happened "in other jurisdictions, not under my watch ever.
|
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Nevada's system isn't perfect — but it's a considerable improvement over the national policy of criminalization.
|
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It's the first time ACOG has come out against the criminalization of self-induced abortion.
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He noted that he's done capital habeas work and has spoken publicly about over-criminalization.
|
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Rizieq's supporters condemned the investigation of the complaints as indicating the "criminalization" of their leader.
|
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Criminal justice reform is desperately needed to address the epidemic of mass incarceration and criminalization.
|
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According to Boulton, HIV criminalization has never been about transmission risk—it's been about stigma.
|
|
It is not simply the criminalization of pregnancy that has led me to this conclusion.
|
|
Criminalization is a barrier to so many things, including the educational side of sex work.
|
|
This criminalization of support for B.D.S. in the United States mirrors similar efforts in Israel.
|
|
Instead, there was an overemphasis on criminalization of crack addicts, which filled up our prisons.
|
|
The Cole Memo was a strategic retreat from a full-frontal assault on marijuana criminalization.
|
|
Many of these women never alerted the authorities to the abuse, for fear of criminalization.
|
|
Due in part to lobbying by ticket scalpers, many states now favor regulation over criminalization.
|
|
But calls to expand criminalization, under the #MeToo banner, are already prompting lawmakers to act.
|
|
In the last 15 years, HIV criminalization charges have been filed more than 1,000 times.
|
|
Supporters of the bill argue that the criminalization of marijuana has disproportionately impacted communities of color.
|
|
A Democrat who believes in increased criminalization will sign the death warrant for countless sex workers.
|
|
Nevertheless, the ongoing criminalization of homosexuality leaves LGBT people ostracized and vulnerable to violence and blackmail.
|
|
We remember, we cherish, & we rise up against transmisogyny, anti-Blackness, and the criminalization of migrants.
|
|
Homosexuality is not illegal in Indonesia, though some politicians have called for criminalization of gay sex.
|
|
She pointed out that as attorney general of California, she stood against the criminalization of immigrants.
|
|
Particularly where you have criminalization or licensing, police already view us in a very different light.
|
|
"The criminalization of prostitution increases sex workers' risk of experiencing violence, exploitation, and trafficking," Lutnick argues.
|
|
This is a big step forward for reducing over-criminalization and improving law enforcement-community relations.
|
|
The Trump administration is planning to launch a worldwide effort to end the criminalization of homosexuality.
|
|
The new campaign will allegedly focus on criminalization, not broader issues such as same-sex marriage.
|
|
Despite federal court decisions prohibiting the criminalization of such activities, these local laws are increasingly prevalent.
|
|
This Veterans Day, federal lawmakers would be wise to end the criminalization of healthcare by veterans.
|
|
Throughout the afternoon, activists and advocates took to the stage denouncing the criminalization of the plant.
|
|
More importantly, Nixon's drug policies did not focus on the kind of criminalization that Ehrlichman described.
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|
"There is the criminalization of HIV that in many states makes prostitution a felony," Burns explains.
|
|
Charlie Baker on Friday signed a bill that takes pre-Roe criminalization laws off the books.
|
|
The punitive criminalization of drugs is also sometimes a reason that drug users don't seek care.
|
|
I think it is some combination of societal prejudice, but also the growing criminalization of politics.
|
|
We'll see the end of criminalization and we can start addressing Canada's $7 billion illegal market.
|
|
Those talking points from Alex Jones and company perpetuate mass criminalization and incarceration, deportation and worse.
|
|
Indeed, the criminalization of drug users runs counter to all available scientific evidence of what works.
|
|
In his historic opinion striking down the criminalization of homosexual relations in 85033 in Lawrence v.
|
|
More light on the Exonerated 5 and the system of mass criminalization this nation has constructed.
|
|
Actual numbers may be much higher, since the criminalization of the practice distorted reporting of it.
|
|
Karen Dolan directs the criminalization of race and poverty project at the Institute for Policy Studies.
|
|
Because of criminalization, I worry about being profiled as soon as I walk out the door.
|
|
Investing $6 billion in interventions like greater criminalization would be not only ineffective but actually harmful.
|
|
If we really wanted to eradicate sexual violence, we would be protecting survivors of abuse from criminalization, not throwing them behind bars, argues Mariame Kaba, the co-founder of Survived and Punished, a collective working to end the criminalization of survivors of domestic and sexual violence.
|
|
" Audacia Ray, a director at the Anti-Violence Project and member of Decrim NY's steering committee, said it's something many New York residents have begun to "intuitively understand"—that the "criminalization of sex work is the criminalization of poverty and of trans people trying to survive.
|
|
Vendors were unfairly denied access to the formal economy and have suffered the harms of local criminalization.
|
|
"This criminalization of compassion is extremely worrying" and goes against century-old standards and norms, Rocca said.
|
|
While important, President Trump's statement provides little consolation to communities facing backlash and criminalization in America today.
|
|
And it's unclear if HIV criminalization laws actually do any good — and they may even be counterproductive.
|
|
Because instead, what you have here is what Alan Dershowitz has coined the criminalization of political differences.
|
|
Women are being arrested by the hundreds in Congress demanding an end to the criminalization of immigrants.
|
|
Cruz lived through the criminalization of cross-dressing and is a survivor of addiction and sexual violence.
|
|
As criminalization increases and affordable housing shrinks, advocates are coming together to call for housing — not handcuffs.
|
|
It targets us with abusive, discriminatory policing and has left the devastating consequences of criminalization for generations.
|
|
More than 1.3 million drug possession arrests are made every year in the U.S., fueling mass criminalization.
|
|
She says she's been having "sleepless nights" thinking about the threat of a new form of criminalization.
|
|
Roma residents in Torokszentmiklos rejected the wholesale criminalization of all because of the transgressions of a few.
|
|
The speech that started the formal war on drugs in 21940 did not focus solely on criminalization.
|
|
"Criminalization isn't always the answer," said Judy Gitau, a women rights lawyer from the charity Equality Now.
|
|
Marte: We are talking about the prison-for-profit industrial complex, and specifically the criminalization of immigrants.
|
|
Goodlatte's bill falls dangerously close to a temporary solution for Dreamers, criminalization and enforcement for everyone else.
|
|
She says the public's newfound awareness of survivors' criminalization is the latest surge forward in the movement.
|
|
Stop the criminalization of homelessness and spend more than $25 billion over 5 years to end homelessness.
|
|
It must listen to the people and put an end to the criminalization of women and girls.
|
|
"It is very obvious that criminalization of sex work facilitated the violence of this man," Wesley said.
|
|
Many of us already live with the risk of arrest and criminalization by virtue of our background.
|
|
But, perhaps most importantly, the MORE Act would right many of the past wrongs of marijuana criminalization.
|
|
"I'm not convinced that criminalization is the answer," explains Abigail Fitzgibbon of the British Pregnancy Advisory Service.
|
|
"That criminalization, that is the basis for family separation," said Mayor Pete Buttigieg of South Bend, Ind.
|
|
Basically, places that have been hit hard by marijuana criminalization would reap some benefits of cannabis legalization.
|
|
And as the daughter of a Soviet Jewish refugee, I will not accept the criminalization of stateless people.
|
|
In 2016, the United Nations ruled that the country's criminalization of abortion qualified as a human rights violation.
|
|
Nevertheless, it is a symbolic escalation by those in power who are committed to the criminalization of immigration.
|
|
But despite growing international attention, the Salvadoran state has continued, and even escalated, its criminalization of these women.
|
|
California recently modernized certain laws relating to HIV criminalization, in accordance with guidance developed under the Obama administration.
|
|
Criminalization of abortion definitely has a negative impact on how people who aren't religious fanatics view it, yes.
|
|
"Today was a historic day in the fight to end federal marijuana criminalization," he said in a statement.
|
|
In any event, it seems we are ramping up again for a round of criminalization of partisan differences.
|
|
The women who pay the biggest price for abortion criminalization and most regulations are the least politically powerful.
|
|
I have a theory that marijuana's relationship toward other drugs is what pushes it toward legalization or criminalization.
|
|
They do not require, in the text of the convention, the criminalization of the consumption of a product.
|
|
After months of protesting the strict criminalization and censorship of the film, hundreds attended its initial, celebratory screening.
|
|
Only in recent years, during the Obama administration, has the nation's drug policy shifted from criminalization to rehabilitation.
|
|
Let's publicly discuss the criminalization of any form of security that is "too good" for our own good.
|
|
Jackson Heights is represented in Congress by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, who also opposes the criminalization of sex work.
|
|
" He also said that the criminalization of crossing the border without documentation is "the basis of family separation.
|
|
Further criminalization of cannabis in the past few decades has given the plant a taboo status in Thailand.
|
|
So by ending marijuana criminalization, some people believe there wouldn't be much incentive to use K2 at all.
|
|
We do worry about criminalization of this population and the idea of monitoring them like they are criminals.
|
|
The researchers say societies often classify homeless youths as juvenile delinquents, which results in exclusion, criminalization and oppression.
|
|
But, as always, we persevere, and all over the world sex workers are fighting against their own criminalization.
|
|
"I was an outspoken critic already of the criminalization of being black," said Mr. Sommers, who is white.
|
|
Similarly, if the goal is to end mass incarceration and mass criminalization, digital prisons are not an answer.
|
|
It's also how we see politicians push other harmful policies that hurt communities of color like mass criminalization.
|
|
I have written a new book, "Trumped Up: How Criminalization of Political Differences Endangers Democracy," elaborating this point.
|
|
Decriminalization of certain drugs is definitely a step that can be taken to alleviate the criminalization of addiction.
|
|
Assad's criminalization of Muslim Brotherhood membership, then, is inseparable from his larger policy of suppression and state violence.
|
|
Far from promoting terrorism, the Madrid show was intended to condemn "the criminalization of social protest," the associations said.
|
|
Florida resident John Mangan, 66, said he is just happy the state is taking steps forward and against criminalization.
|
|
Another aspect of 21 Savage's experience, mandatory detention, may also be linked to the increased criminalization of black immigrants.
|
|
The effects of over-criminalization are now pervasive, devastating, and long-lasting for families and American society at large.
|
|
Even on the federal level, congressional reps like Elizabeth Warren are fighting to end the criminalization of cannabis use.
|
|
These "chronic nuisance" or "crime-free" ordinances are some of the most troubling examples of the criminalization of poverty.
|
|
The criminalization of political opposition is one of the time-honored tactics of monarchs and dictators through the ages.
|
|
This comes after a judgment by the same court five years ago that upheld the criminalization of homosexual acts.
|
|
Belize - 2016: The former British colony's criminalization of "carnal intercourse against the order of nature" was ruled unconstitutional. 8.
|
|
Youths in foster care need and deserve a system that responds with treatment and hope, not criminalization and incarceration.
|
|
Feminists also began to talk more about how criminalization of abortion, rather than suppress demand, only encourages underground abortions.
|
|
To me they point to a frightening trend that afflicts both Democrats and Republicans: the criminalization of political differences.
|
|
The criminalization of smuggling has reduced those numbers to about 1,000 people a week now, according to I.O.M. figures.
|
|
The criminalization of abortion moves women away from the government, hampering their access to maternity care and supportive policies.
|
|
In "Outrages: Sex, Censorship and the Criminalization of Love," Ms. Wolf examined how Victorian laws criminalized same-sex relations.
|
|
It's now been normalized for these communities to be under constant surveillance, which contributes to the criminalization of people.
|
|
I used these words not to describe Mueller's investigation, but rather, in reference to the criminalization of political differences.
|
|
It supported local approaches that improved indigent defense services, corrected bad bail policies, and tackled the criminalization of homelessness.
|
|
Haddad also pledged to promote the conservation of forests and fight against violence in the countryside and criminalization of activists.
|
|
In Colorado, the state legislature recently voted to pass Senate Bill 146, repealing two HIV criminalization statutes and reforming others.
|
|
But Castro called out his fellow Texan's record in particular for maintaining criminalization for people crossing the border at large.
|
|
In the early 1990s, he was a board member of the Indiana Family Institute, which supports the criminalization of abortion.
|
|
Ma'ruf chairs an Islamic council with a long history of intolerant views, including calling for the criminalization of homosexual sex.
|
|
He's been critical of judges giving too much deference to federal agencies as well as the issue of over criminalization.
|
|
"Anti-terrorist rules should not be used for the criminalization of the rights to associate and protest," its statement said.
|
|
Rather, the real, lived experiences of black and brown women with policing and criminalization are where we should be looking.
|
|
In total, Americans (and their feline friends) kill more than 85033 billion birds each year, without any expectation of criminalization.
|
|
All women engaged in the commercial sex industry should feel empowered to come forward for help, without fear of criminalization.
|
|
Thirty-five percent said it should be legal only for medical treatment while 220006 percent favored criminalization of some sort.
|
|
In fact, by offering a notionally "softer" kind of criminalization, drug courts may actually help entrench that fundamentally untenable paradigm.
|
|
Coupled with existing employment discrimination, this will only exacerbate instability in neighborhoods targeted by mass criminalization for nearly five decades.
|
|
The core of those is that people living with HIV have the right to be free from state-sanctioned criminalization.
|
|
But the criminalization of sex work only furthers these risks, by driving our industry underground and failing to offer protection.
|
|
I think our current situation — our current mass criminalization, mass incarceration system — has roots in that criminalizing of Black men.
|
|
Those of us who are committed to ending the system of mass criminalization have to begin talking more about violence.
|
|
" And so he has offered up a menu of initiatives aimed at fighting what he called "the criminalization of poverty.
|
|
That's the battle cry led by sex workers in New York state fighting to stop the criminalization of their labor.
|
|
The story of abortion regulation and criminalization in the U.S. begins, in some ways, with the sale of abortion pills.
|
|
Most people faced with HIV criminalization charges in California include people of color, cis and transgender women, and LGBTQ youth.
|
|
An ongoing narrative of school crime waves and dangerous schools was created to justify criminalization and oppression of young people.
|
|
In my case and the case of many black immigrants, it could have also led to criminalization and deportation proceedings.
|
|
"Let me be clear: It is long overdue for Congress to address the unjust criminalization of marijuana use," said Rep.
|
|
When prior "drug problems" were seen as affecting primarily communities of color, government intervention focused on increased policing and criminalization.
|
|
Decriminalizing sex workers does not make prostitution legal; it just empowers victims to come forward without fear of erroneous criminalization.
|
|
"It fed into that rhetoric — the criminalization of poverty," Nanda argued, cautioning that she didn't believe this was Harris's intent.
|
|
Belize The former British colony's criminalization of "carnal intercourse against the order of nature" was ruled unconstitutional in 2016. 7.
|
|
Many states are now funding harm reduction approaches, while also favoring new medical technology and rehabilitation over criminalization and incarceration.
|
|
As with concerns about criminalization, this critique mirrors recent outcry against the broken windows policing that partly inspired no-excuses.
|
|
Both Chan and Ho hope that in the end the ruling will lead to criminalization of human trafficking and forced labor.
|
|
"Criminalization isn't enough," said Dalia Abdelhameed, the gender and women's rights officer at the Egypt-based Egyptian Initiative for Personal Rights.
|
|
He became a founding board member of the Treatment Advocacy Center, which supports therapeutic remedies for mental illness instead of criminalization.
|
|
Some fans pointed out the apparent contradiction between BTS's tour message -- "Love Yourself" -- and Saudi Arabia's criminalization of same-sex relationships.
|
|
In fact, as more states move to end cannabis criminalization, Americans' support for legalizing and regulating marijuana has only grown stronger.
|
|
He said the criminalization and violence black people had seen iss the result of an economic system that had marginalized them.
|
|
When the state crafted its plan for recreational weed, it included provisions giving priority to communities disproportionately impacted by drug criminalization.
|
|
Murphy believes that the criminalization of a "normal health care procedure" has been massively damaging to the psychology of Irish women.
|
|
"We have to launch a global campaign against criminalization and impunity against indigenous people," Tauli-Corpuz told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
|
|
Under President Obama, the government brought national attention to this issue, as well as to the criminalization of poverty more generally.
|
|
In Outrages Wolf uses years of doctoral research in order to trace the rise of the criminalization of homosexuality in Britain.
|
|
Marijuana criminalization and aggressive enforcement has been an enormous waste of money and has harmed individuals, communities, and the entire country.
|
|
Smart Approaches to Marijuana does not believe that criminalization and commercialization are our only two options when dealing with marijuana policy.
|
|
Grimly, marital rape is still legal in India, which could complicate criminalization of the victim's alleged rapists and relief for her.
|
|
The first HIV criminalization laws were introduced in 1986, and medical knowledge has advanced by leaps and bounds in that time.
|
|
That's why many advocates for HIV-affected communities seek to reform or outright repeal America's HIV criminalization laws, state by state.
|
|
This is an extension of a well-documented cognitive bias that already contributes to the over-criminalization of communities of color.
|
|
Related: A Growing Movement Is Fighting the Criminalization of Homelessness Both Aboriginals and veterans are likely overrepresented in Canada's homeless population.
|
|
The second shocking element of the speech was the ease with which Christie essentially called for the criminalization of political disagreement.
|
|
The committee responded with a series of recommendations for Canada, and called for the criminalization of anybody involved with involuntary sterilization.
|
|
The authorities have deployed hundreds of additional officers to the subways, provoking a debate about overpolicing and the criminalization of poverty.
|
|
How it fails to consider the criminalization of sex work as a possible barrier to rooting out those who exploit minors.
|
|
In an era of increasing regulation and criminalization, the unintended revelation of private information can lead to prosecution and civil liability.
|
|
We should reject the cruelty of criminalization and turn to housing and services as a humane and effective response to homelessness.
|
|
Sao Tome & Principe A new penal code adopted in 2012 removed the criminalization of "acts against nature" in Sao Tome & Principe.
|
|
"We've learned this lesson many times with the prohibition of alcohol, or criminalization of abortion, or even the criminalization of marijuana: The black market creates dark circumstances and provides cover for a lot of violence and exploitation," said Kaytlin Bailey, a comedian and former prostitute who serves as the spokeswoman for Decriminalize Sex Work, which was founded last year.
|
|
Yet federal marijuana criminalization prohibits American cannabis companies from listing on the New York Stock Exchange and the other Wall Street indexes.
|
|
President Trump's criminalization policies that target immigrants, Muslims and people of color through bans, walls and raids have only exacerbated this climate.
|
|
For example, will federal policy reform end the criminalization of marijuana, or will it restrict federal enforcement of the Controlled Substances Act?
|
|
And according to Schoettes, advocates are also working to repeal or reform HIV criminalization laws in Florida, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, and elsewhere.
|
|
Multiple Democratic candidates have now promised to do the opposite, addressing the disproportionate poverty, discrimination, and criminalization that many LGBTQ people face.
|
|
Is it also interested in the wholesale criminalization of gay people, or would it like to erode civil rights laws more broadly?
|
|
Pressure for change in the city-state has increased since India's top court struck down colonial-era criminalization of homosexuality last year.
|
|
The paradox dissolves if you understand the real drivers of unsafe drug use and addiction: stigma, criminalization, mental illness, despair, and trauma.
|
|
The pair co-wrote an open letter "to denounce the criminalization of the protectors on Maunakea," which was posted on July 17.
|
|
Yes, fentanyl may be what kills people, and yes, the criminalization of drugs may be what's landing many of them in jail.
|
|
The museum's executive producer Daveen Trentmann later told me the exhibitions focused on acceptance, non-judgement, and harm reduction instead of criminalization.
|
|
At the same time, the administration's call for stepped-up enforcement of laws aimed at minor crimes threatens to exacerbate its criminalization.
|
|
Yet despite these advancements in rational public policy, the long reach of criminalization stretches deep into American communities from coast-to-coast.
|
|
It finds that marijuana-related arrests have plummeted, saving states millions of dollars and preventing the criminalization of several thousands of people.
|
|
Only a small number of papers that focused on decriminalization of sex work and the criminalization of purchase of sex were included.
|
|
Just like for other chronic illnesses, relapse is part of the recovery process, and must be met with compassion, rather than criminalization.
|
|
No president can reverse the criminalization of homelessness by themselves, but it's not clear that any of the candidates care to try.
|
|
Regulations, such as age restrictions for consumers and licensing requirements for commercial producers and merchants, are effective and proven alternatives to criminalization.
|
|
I was, and still am, impacted by the constant criminalization of folks in my community, including my brother and other family members.
|
|
Media mogul William Randolph Hearst supported the criminalization of marijuana, in part because Hearst's paper-producing companies were being replaced by hemp.
|
|
But I also get why many survivors choose not to report to the police because they don't want any part in criminalization.
|
|
As coke and heroin were increasingly demonized as vices of dangerous young working- and lower-class men, particularly black men, criminalization intensified.
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Cory Booker (D-NJ) on Tuesday, would remove marijuana from the federal scheduling system, which is the basis for its federal criminalization.
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Reporter Maia Szalavitz, who's covered addiction for decades, has long argued that criminalization just leads to stigma, which pushes drug users underground.
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There's no question that these laws will lead to the criminalization of black and brown women above and beyond what already exists.
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"We are here to say that we're not going to stand for the criminalization of immigrants in this country," Ms. Jiménez continued.
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That critique, having largely to do with the criminalization of poverty, charges these poems and flows through them, energizing their lyric force.
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We know that marginalized communities face huge disparities with HIV and AIDS rates, and specific HIV criminalization laws only exacerbate this fact.
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Worth noting: Trump also said his administration was working to end the criminalization of homosexuality in other countries, and to empower women.
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Criminalization may force people to move away from areas where enforcement is heavy, but it does not help them find a home.
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Over the past few years, several states have taken similar steps as part of an effort to reduce the criminalization of poverty.
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But beyond South Carolina, the challenge could signal to other states that the rise of criminalization in education is excessive and unnecessary.
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And if we don't halt and reverse the creeping criminalization of a woman's self-determination now, we may never have the chance again.
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SAN SALVADOR (Reuters) - Evelyn Hernandez has a message for El Salvador's president: End the criminalization of abortion in the conservative Central American country.
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"The criminalization of adultery and sodomy is to safeguard the sanctity of family lineage and marriage of individual Muslims particularly women," it said.
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You know taking the criminalization out of politics unless you really have, the firmest of evidence which certainly this investigation didn&apost have.
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Michel Forst, the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders published in February, a report highlighting numerous examples of criminalization.
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Another area of growing concern is the criminalization of environmental activists, who are increasingly subject to oppression through the courts and legal system.
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In a statement to The New York Times, Ms. Nixon also suggested that she would seek to mitigate the effects of past criminalization.
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In fact, states and cities around the nation are addressing over-incarceration and over-criminalization head-on, choosing to boost investments in prevention.
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The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the change, and Brazil's strict criminalization of abortion was eased for the first time since 1940.
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Unfortunately, several countries with considerable diplomatic clout, including China and Russia, maintain that criminalization should remain the cornerstone of the fight against drugs.
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The resolution also acknowledges the way sex work criminalization has targeted low-income communities, people of color, the disabled, and other marginalized groups.
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The forthcoming Outrages: Sex, Censorship and the Criminalization of Love deals with the persecution of homosexuality and emerging gay identity in Victorian England.
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It is time that members of Congress openly embrace the need for reform and end the senseless and cruel policy of cannabis criminalization.
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This is because they are economically vulnerable, are unable to negotiate condom use every time, and experience violence, criminalization and marginalization, Avert says.
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New Delhi (CNN)India's Supreme Court has reignited the debate over one of the country's most controversial laws -- the criminalization of homosexual acts.
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If you think that women like Yocca deserve support and care rather than shame and criminalization, now is the time to take action.
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If we don't, marijuana legalization won't fulfill its potential to repair the devastation that mass criminalization has wrought on black and brown communities.
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Dividing immigrants between good ones and bad ones—or as Obama put it, "felons, not families"—has played right into the criminalization narrative.
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The communities we served had been living under the oppressive "Juan Crow" regime of criminalization, racial profiling, for-profit detention, and mass deportation.
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They would have addressed the racial biases that informed this criminalization (and continues to do so even in places where legalization has happened).
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"[Criminalization] really empowers the unscrupulous, the people who already have the power, which are men that run the internet, that run Silicon Valley."
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Following her exoneration last month, Hernandez used her newfound international platform to call for an end to the criminalization of women like her.
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Voters across California and in the city of Los Angeles have voted overwhelmingly in support of responsible regulation and moving away from criminalization.
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The criminalization of marijuana has been a disaster, leading to long prison sentences for nonviolent drug offenders, who are disproportionately members of minorities.
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The next phase of licenses to come online will be for individuals and businesses that were "disproportionately impacted" by the criminalization of cannabis.
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However, Marbut in the past has said he also doesn't support outright criminalization or jailing people instead of providing some sort of service.
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These issues are particularly troubling as the criminalization of poverty disproportionately harms African Americans, Latinos and other historically marginalized groups across the country.
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Hundreds more officers have also been deployed in the transit system in recent months, sparking debate about overpolicing and the criminalization of poverty.
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Without these tools, our most vulnerable children will return to being at a greater risk for suffering from isolation, rejection, stigmatization and criminalization.
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Although this amendment doesn't make anything illegal, it could open the door to the criminalization of some forms of contraception and in-vitro fertilization.
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That Sunday, October 22, also happened to be the annual National Day of Protest Against Police Brutality, Repression and the Criminalization of a Generation.
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Video of Headley's arrest immediately sparked discussions about the criminalization of poverty, particularly as it affects poor black women shamed for needing government aid.
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Americans have supported changes, as has been evident with the debates over marijuana, where states have begun moving away from a model of criminalization.
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As Zen said, policing and criminalization of sex work most harm marginalized communities of color, including transgender people, women of color, and undocumented immigrants.
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The United Nations Human Rights Committee issued a report in 2014 urging the United States government to abolish state and local homelessness criminalization laws.
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MELISSA: One thing we would want to see more is the practical realities that sex workers face, that leads to their stigmatization and criminalization.
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It's time for politicians to act on this public sentiment and reject the fear-mongering of those who insist on the perpetuation of criminalization.
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To be clear, voters in California, like voters nationwide, do not desire replacing over a century of criminalization with a marijuana free-for-all.
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On the issue of chronic nuisance ordinances, as with criminalization of poverty across the board, activists will have to move forward without federal help.
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Texas in 2003 striking down the criminalization of homosexuality and, later, his opinion recognizing a constitutional right to same-sex marriage in Obergefell v.
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Instead of criminalization, we need to focus on proven solutions like providing stable housing and medical and mental health care to those in need.
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"The effects of drug trafficking contribute to criminalization in society and weakening of institutions which in turn has an effect of stability," Prichard said.
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Clinton made, her actions bear no similarities whatsoever to Nixon's criminalization of his presidency, and his efforts to corrupt much of the executive branch.
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The threat of criminalization also adds to the stigma drug users face, which can deter them from getting treatment for a drug use disorder.
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Ferguson, Mo., became a symbol of the criminalization of poverty for routinely sending black defendants to jail for failing to pay minor traffic fines.
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As ambassador to Germany, he spearheaded a global effort to end the criminalization of homosexuality in nearly 70 countries where it is still illegal.
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But the country's new vice president, Ma'ruf Amin, formerly a leading Islamic cleric, has long supported criminalization and harsh punishment of gays and lesbians.
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Yet the ripple effects of the criminalization approach — in terms of lack of infrastructure and frameworks for treatment — haunt us in the current crisis.
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"These people are trying to basically allow the continued criminalization of thousands and thousands of adults in order to continue making money," Tvert said.
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But as reporter Maia Szalavitz, who's covered addiction and drugs for decades, notes, criminalization just leads to stigma, and stigma pushes drug users underground.
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The threat of criminalization functions only as a scare tactic; in response, people might avoid getting tested so they can't be accused of intentional transmission.
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To alleviate the cycle of criminalization, New York state passed bail reform legislation in April that ends cash bail for most misdemeanor and nonviolent felonies.
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Studies show that increased criminalization of sex work leads to increased violence, and abuse by police themselves is a daily reality for sex workers worldwide.
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Some say that Pence was financially motivated to increase the criminalization of drug offenses, thanks to his relationship with a private prison company, GEO Group.
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Listen to sex workers Sex workers have long argued that criminalization and policing practices cause and/or exacerbate the worst harms to their well-being.
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Quiroz called for an "end to the criminalization of environmental activism in the country," in a statement released Wednesday via Notimex, the state news agency.
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Cut in secret In Egypt, Dayas have been discouraged by the 2007 criminalization of FGM, which now comes with the threat of years in prison.
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Trump's Friday tweets referenced his administration's plans, first reported in February by NBC News, to launch a global campaign to end the criminalization of homosexuality.
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Tax revenue would also create another $10 billion in grant programs for businesses in areas that have been disproportionately affected by the criminalization of marijuana.
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In a landmark judgment, India's top court struck down colonial-era criminalization of homosexuality last September, though anti-gay discrimination and LGBT abuse remain widespread.
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Between the lines: Krasner said the criminalization of drug possession makes it harder for people to get educational loans, buy homes and get a job.
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For the Latinx community, heightened tensions concerning immigration and widespread criminalization result in a huge spectrum of racist attitudes that show up in different ways.
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Liara Roux is a sex worker, indie porn producer, and organizer for human rights for sex workers and against criminalization of sex between consenting adults.
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Hooks cautioned that solutions to end bail should not be measures that reform one slice of a broader system propagating the criminalization of vulnerable populations.
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Millions of voters went to the polls on Election Day and chose to put an end to America's nearly century long experiment with cannabis criminalization.
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These fears, stoked in large part by panic over immigration and race, led to strict controls on supply, including complete criminalization of opium and heroin.
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Today, we finally talk about Canada's role in the systemic oppression, criminalization, and violence against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and two-spirit communities.
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But the fact remains that majority support for ending cannabis criminalization extends far beyond the boundaries of those individual states that have voted for it.
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The anti-abortion movement in the 19th century justified criminalization as the best way to protect women, rarely bothering with questions about when life begins.
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The genre's success has come to transcend national borders and geographic regions, which is a far cry from its criminalization in the 1980s and '90s.
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Sujatha Baliga was awarded for "expanding access to survivor-centered restorative justice strategies that interrupt the criminalization of people of color," per the MacArthur Foundation.
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Its U.N. letter said the "criminalization of adultery and sodomy is to safeguard the sanctity of family lineage and marriage of individual Muslims particularly women".
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"It's criminalization and stigma of sex work and immigration status that makes these workers so vulnerable, not the work itself," said Board President Savannah Sly.
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Amy Adele Hasinoff is Assistant Professor of Communication at the University of Colorado Denver and author of Sexting Panic: Rethinking Criminalization, Privacy, and Consent (2015).
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This year's festival got off to a particularly dynamic start with Ava DuVernay's "13th," a documentary on the criminalization and mass incarceration of black Americans.
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These experiences demonstrate that ending drug criminalization – alongside a serious investment in effective treatment and harm reduction services – can significantly improve public safety and health.
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The image of Horton's scowling mug shot juxtaposed against a picture of Dukakis lent visual evidence to the era's criminalization of the entire black community.
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In particular, criminalization forces sex workers "to move their work or structure their work in such a way as to avoid police contact," she explained.
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The mayor, Catherine E. Pugh, applauded Ms. Mosby's attempt to address the "unnecessary criminalization" of marijuana users, but stopped short of endorsing the new policy.
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The criminalization of people of color during the crack epidemic made mainstream white Americans comfortable knowing that this was a contained black-on-black problem.
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The regime relies on extensive surveillance, the criminalization of dissent, appeals to sectarianism and ethnicity, and public spending supported by oil revenues to maintain power.
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" Trudeau said he was acknowledging Canada's role in "the systemic oppression, criminalization and violence against the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and two-spirit communities.
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She knew if she had any complications to just tell doctors that she had a miscarriage, to avoid possible criminalization for self-inducing an abortion.
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Instead of finalizing the transformation of our laws to the full criminalization of migrants, they should commit to preventing harsh laws from getting even harsher.
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"Arresting hard-working people who cannot afford a $2.75 fare is, in effect the criminalization of poverty," they wrote in a letter to Mr. Cuomo.
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White House contender Julián Castro, a former housing chief in the Obama administration, has called for an end to the criminalization of illegal border crossings.
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We share a strong belief that America's criminal justice system is broken, focusing far too much on criminalization and incarceration and far too little on rehabilitation.
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About 10 percent of the people living with HIV in the US live in California, so ending HIV criminalization in that state is a huge achievement.
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So far I've been able to talk about HIV criminalization, the importance of adolescent sexual health education and access to care for people living with HIV.
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Because of this criminalization of blackness, I think Malcolm X would be weary of how new gun control laws might be disproportionately enforced in black communities.
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"JD: "Ultimately, the thing that would do the most to help people with addiction in this country is ending the criminalization of drug use and possession.
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But the committee's apparent focus on demonizing weed risks missing problems caused by criminalization, like the bizarre gray legal area many cannabis businesses find themselves in.
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For 32-year-old public relations executive Devane Sharma, the criminalization of gay sex has repercussions on the society even if prosecutions do not take place.
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Beyond the recent victory to overturn Section 377, we've also seen the repeal of HIV criminalization laws in countries as diverse as Ghana, Tajikistan and Switzerland.
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Lakhi is also concerned that criminalization will make people stop talking about the issue and may be counterproductive to the work she and other activists do.
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By contrast, advocating for marijuana's continued criminalization does nothing to offset the plant's potential risks to the individual user and to society; it only compounds them.
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Currently, there are dozens of pieces of legislation, both partisan and bipartisan, that have been filed to address aspects of the prohibition and criminalization of cannabis.
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We have become a pseudo-police state that is endorsing the criminalization of a mother's instinct to protect her children in the face of unrelenting danger.
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It instituted many of the hallmarks of the criminalization regime, upping the number of people eligible for deportation while shrinking the opportunities to gain legal status.
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Most HIV criminalization legislation was passed in the 1980s and 90s, at the height of the AIDS epidemic, but these laws are far from uncommon today.
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" For example, during a period when the criminalization of homosexuality was considered by many to be justified, Lewis asked, "What business is it of the State's?
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In the United States, pregnancy, especially among the poor, has become a political land mine — a trigger for state surveillance and criminalization, with severe extralegal consequences.
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"Criminalization makes the most marginalized even more vulnerable to exploitation," according to R.J. Thompson, managing director of the Sex Workers Project at the Urban Justice Center.
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"This isn't a public health bill, it's a criminalization bill," Kanya Bennett, ACLU'S senior legislative counsel, said, likening it to legislation that criminalizes marijuana and fentanyl.
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The criminalization of people who end their own pregnancies fits into a larger landscape of overcriminalization in general, and over-policing of communities of color specifically.
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One of the more nuanced pieces, by the philosopher Peter de Marneffe, articulates a liberal position on polygamy that opposes its legalization but also its criminalization.
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When drilling down to the intersection of race, gender, income and incarceration, one quickly discerns an insidious manifestation of the criminalization of poverty and certain races.
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Part of that agenda includes the criminalization of "immoral" activities, like gambling, drinking, as well as the sanctioning of honor killings of women who commit adultery.
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"The criminalization of legal assistance is something that has not happened in Hungary since the 1950s," she said, referencing the period when Hungary was under Soviet domination.
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In April, she expressed "regret" over backing a 2011 California truancy law as the state attorney general due to "unintended consequences" such as the criminalization of parents.
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The criminalization of cannabis has affected the black population in disproportionate and tragic ways, but people are really going out on a limb to correct those injustices.
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Wolf's book "Outrages: Sex, Censorship, and the Criminalization of Love" aimed to examine Britain's Victorian laws which punished men with execution for having sex with other men.
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Wolf's book "Outrages: Sex, Censorship, and the Criminalization of Love" aimed to examine Britain's Victorian laws which punished men with execution for having sex with other men.
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"We are rising up to demand an end to the criminalization of immigrants," Linda Sarsour, one of the leaders of the Women's March, said in the statement.
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The issue now looks set to drag into France's presidential election next year, with former president Nicolas Sarkozy calling last week for nationwide criminalization of the garment.
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The annual report from U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres also included allegations of ill treatment, surveillance, criminalization and public stigmatization campaigns targeting victims and human rights defenders.
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His criminalization of a business transaction between Enron and Meryl Lynch, that sent people to jail, that was overturned by the fifth U.S. Circuit court of appeals.
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Resarchers Chelsea Lee and Robert Ostergard Jr. focused on 175 countries using an algorithm and discrimination index that measured three areas: criminalization and punishment, discrimination, and intolerance.
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Yet, while we celebrate this incredible achievement, we must remember that criminalization remains a potent threat for the health and lives of many people around the world.
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VATICAN CITY (Reuters) - Human rights lawyers and gay rights advocates urged the Vatican on Friday to issue a clear and unequivocal statement against the criminalization of homosexuality.
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That the person who cites a history of unlawful criminalization against Black men suddenly has so much faith in that same system to exonerate him seems hypocritical.
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"Very likely New Jersey is going to be the first state to bypass criminalization and go straight to legalization," said NORML New Jersey* executive director Evan Nison.
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At least 32 sex workers in the United States have been killed in 2018, according to the Sex Workers Outreach Project, which said criminalization helps drive violence.
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Those who advocate for the continued criminalization of cannabis have long alleged liberalization of America's marijuana laws will lead to a parallel rise in teenage pot experimentation.
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Transgender people are four times as likely as non-transgender people to have incomes below $10,000, often due to rampant employment discrimination and criminalization of the community.
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The answer to incidents like the abuse of Adam Jones is not the criminalization of speech but the enforcement of an owner's right to exclude disruptive fans.
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Gingrich outright admits that the criminalization of people of color helped President George H.W. Bush win in 1988, and contributed to President Clinton's Crime Bill in 1994.
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Encouraged by these findings, Santa Fe is now identifying additional reforms to go beyond LEAD, aiming to further reduce the role of criminalization in our drug policies.
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Many states have passed more ambitious reforms, and Democrats have strong proposals to go even further in alleviating the nation's problems with mass incarceration and over-criminalization.
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White House officials have said they hope to reach a deal that addresses tariffs, intellectual property protections, the criminalization of fentanyl and cyber issues, among other topics.
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Sloan is expecting reforms to focus more on re-entry, over-criminalization and initiatives in the private sector to get formerly incarcerated people back into the workforce.
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It's played an important role in the way blacks have been dehumanized in our society to justify everything from our subjugation during slavery to mass criminalization today.
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He and his team focus on stopping deportations, attacking criminalization and mass incarceration for profit, and holding abusive bosses, government agencies, and officials accountable in federal court.
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In Europe the modern movement is generally considered to have begun in 217, when sex workers in France occupied churches to protest criminalization, poverty, and police violence.
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"It's not only because of the loss of these online spaces, but also because of a real awareness of criminalization for a lot of folks," she continues.
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This theme brilliantly unifies the collection, as Smith critiques the lionization of slave-owning presidents, microaggressions middle-class black students receive and the criminalization of black bodies.
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But opponents say those omissions undercut Mr. Cuomo's efforts to frame legalization as a way to right the wrongs that decades of criminalization had wrought on communities.
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She devoted one of her first ads to discussing why ending the criminalization of poverty nationwide is important to her, highlighting her own experience in the system.
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Criminalization of abortion is just one of many means of criminalizing black and brown bodies, including immigration crackdowns, the "war on drugs" and civil child welfare penalties.
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Hardwick era and the criminalization of homosexual relations, it is equally unlikely that a Trump nominee would share his vision of the right underlying same-sex marriage.
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Fujimori and her allies allege this crackdown amounts to a criminalization of politics, while others say Peru is finally cleaning up its act on combating systemic corruption.
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There are currently a number of barriers to solving and preventing crises such as the opioid epidemic, ranging from prescribing practices to the criminalization of drug use.
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By contrast, advocating for the marijuana's continued criminalization does nothing to offset the plant's potential risks to the individual user and to society; it only compounds them.
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The criminalization of sexual and gender minorities and the stigma associated with HIV contribute to its spread and prevent some who need it from seeking medical attention.
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In fact, erroneous criminalization is so prevalent that an increasing number of states are passing vacatur statutes to provide post-conviction relief to these misidentified trafficking survivors.
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Their clients are predominantly poor black and Hispanic women, they say, and the criminalization of their parenting choices has led some to nickname the practice: Jane Crow.
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This will almost certainly result in overbroad censorship as both the tools and their human operators will err on the side of caution rather than risk criminalization.
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Wolf was a guest on a BBC radio program, publicizing her new book, "Outrages," a study of the criminalization of same-sex relationships in the Victorian era.
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If you look at some of the brilliant documentaries coming out of your country—like The 13th—the criminalization of drugs has never been about protecting people.
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In a new systematic review of 106 studies on criminalization and HIV, published this week in The Lancet HIV, researchers found the vast majority of studies (more than 80 percent) show criminalization is associated with harmful effects for those targeted by the laws as well as their communities: increasing drug use, increasing the use of shared needles for drug injections, and driving up HIV infections, among other troubling effects.
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Biggs ran to represent Arizona's 5th district in Congress on a platform of "defeating ISIS," balancing the federal budget, harsher criminalization of immigrants, and taking away people's healthcare.
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" As sex worker advocate Phoenix Calida told me, criminalization backers often don't understand how these laws play out, "They don't realize that people who are trafficked get arrested.
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But is it actually possible to draw back the harsh, punitive criminalization of drugs in America without ending up at full commercial legalization and gravely risking public health?
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Still, a lack of leadership and a persistent culture of criminalization within public schools have the city suspending, expelling, and arresting students too often—and in discriminatory fashion.
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But I think to say that questioning her stances on issues that actively perpetuated criminalization of black and brown communities—to say that's racist and sexist is doublespeak.
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As she presses forward with her work on the topic, further specific policy prescriptions become more complicated, with partisan divides on issues like immigration and criminalization of prostitution.
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An unprecedented wave of police raids, vigilante attacks, and calls for the criminalization of homosexual sex have left many in the country's LGBT community fearing for their safety.
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Unfortunately, a typical 'rescue' is muddied by the erroneous criminalization, failed service provision, and revictimization of human trafficking survivors, as well as the infrequent conviction of their offenders.
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But the intimidation and "criminalization of HIV outreach workers" by militant groups and authorities has also reduced the capacity of organizations working in HIV prevention, according to Harsono.
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Brazilian congressman David Miranda told the Journal that other members of Congress have tried to introduce criminalization bills against gay people multiple times, but they never were approved.
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"For the last year or two, we've seen an escalation of repression, an escalation of criminalization and dehumanization of immigrants as a result of Trump's election," Holmes said.
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"The criminalization of marijuana has only served to clog our courts and cloud people's futures, so we will legalize marijuana," Murphy said after he won the Democratic primary.
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The harshest critics of the jeering regularly call for the criminalization of acts seen to disrespect the national anthem and other symbols of the government and the monarchy.
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Criminalization of sex work also puts sex workers at risk of police violence, according to Jessica Raven, a steering committee member with the New York advocacy coalition DecrimNY.
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"The history of police violence and criminalization of L.G.B.T.Q. people sadly continues to this day," said Richard Saenz, an attorney at Lambda Legal, a national civil rights organization.
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There is no agency that collects official data on the number of survivors incarcerated for defending themselves and no national statistics that track the rate of this criminalization.
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The judgment has also given legal and constitutional impetus to other issues before the court, including petitions arguing for criminalization of marital rape and challenges to beef bans.
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That's down from 13,000 in 2011, according to the official data -- but many doctors disputed these figures saying the criminalization of the practice had distorted reporting of it.
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"As a Latina it's been very hard, all of the hate towards our community, all of the corruption, and all of the criminalization of our people," said Gonzalez.
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The case has drawn attention to strict abortion laws, and in some cases the criminalization of the procedure, as President-elect Donald J. Trump prepares to take office.
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Although it does not explicitly outlaw homosexuality, some fear the criminalization of extra-marital sex and new obscenity laws could form a legal basis for persecuting gay people.
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Senator Julia Salazar, a Democrat from Brooklyn, called Mr. Cuomo's opt-out provision on legalization of marijuana "unacceptable" to the communities that had been harmed by its criminalization.
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In May, author Naomi Wolf learned of a serious mistake in a live, on-air interview about her forthcoming book Outrages: Sex, Censorship and the Criminalization of Love.
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The fear I'm describing, and the subsequent, enduring stigma, helps to explain why the criminalization laws still exist, despite ample evidence that they do more harm than good.
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While there has been progress on policy and narratives around drugs, governments around the globe have continued to fail miserably in their attempts to quell drug use through criminalization.
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Though the bill has elicited hysteria from some conservative news outlets, advocates argue that doing away with criminalization laws is a significant step toward slowing the spread of HIV.
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Meanwhile, opponents of legalization say criminalization is relatively successful as a deterrent and that softer drugs, such as cannabis, can act as a gateway towards harder drugs like heroin.
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As for criminalization, the task force called for illegal production, trafficking, and selling to minors to remain criminal offenses, but for lesser offenses to move towards a fining system.
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To the contrary, hate crime laws use criminalization and enhanced punishment in a way that ultimately only expand the criminal system that already disproportionately targets transgender women of color.
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The plan involves taking executive action to declassify marijuana as a controlled substance and ensure that those affected by its criminalization are the first to benefit from the move.
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Testing and treatment are key ways of reducing HIV transmission, and by making people afraid to get tested, HIV criminalization laws may actually increase the spread of the virus.
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I think the other thing I would add to the concerns about the criminalization piece that Greg mentioned is that President Trump said something today that&aposs very important.
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"It is heartbreaking to know that the criminalization, lack of resources, and stigmatization of abortion will only drive women in need to more desperate and unsafe means," she explains.
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One big reason why, Baral explained: Criminalization drives injection drug users underground, making them more likely to share needles — and helping diseases like HIV spread more rapidly among users.
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But if drug policy reformers want to pull back criminalization on other drugs, Vox's poll shows they still have a lot of work to do with the American public.
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"The absolute criminalization of abortion causes unnecessary risks and injustices that affect especially the poorest women," the CFDA said in a statement signed by dozens of other rights groups.
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The social scientists said their findings suggest that using popular entertainment could be an effective alternative to harsher approaches like criminalization in persuading communities to abandon the harmful practice.
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Vance said in a statement that the "needless criminalization of pot smoking" prevents prosecutors from being able to carry out their duties, and urged lawmakers to legalize marijuana fully.
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These students are often struggling with the adverse effects of poverty, the inequitable distribution of resources across communities and the criminalization of black men inside and outside of schools.
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Going forward, states that have legalized marijuana, as well as those considering doing so, should adopt policies focused on repairing the racially disproportionate harms of marijuana criminalization and enforcement.
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Now, over a dozen organizations from Oakland to Birmingham are taking up the call—from reproductive justice groups like Sistersong to organizations focused on criminalization, like the Dream Defenders.
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And so much of anti-drug efforts at the time went to public health measures, suggesting criminalization of any group was not the sole goal of Nixon's drug war.
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Throughout this presidential election season, Democrats have been pushed to acknowledge the central role the party played in contributing to mass incarceration and the criminalization of communities of color.
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As the presidential campaign continues, Raven calls on Democratic candidates "to be specific about supporting decriminalization, not partial criminalization, and to recognize that criminalizing buying sex hurts sex workers."
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Picture the Homeless was founded by Anthony Williams and Lewis Haggins Jr. who had been living in the same men's shelter and were upset about the criminalization of homelessness.
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But the ravaging impact of deindustrialization on urban communities had already begun, and it was addressed not with vast social programs but with new and harsh forms of criminalization.
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It has done a good job of addressing the murders of black trans women, as well as the disproportionate impacts of HIV criminalization laws on black Americans, he said.
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"I think it's fair to say people find the criminalization of nonpayment of the license fee to be something that has provoked questions in the past," Mr. Sunak said.
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The video prompted many city and state officials to criticize the harassment and criminalization of subway vendors and to question the increased police presence in the city's subway system.
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" He added that the US strongly opposes human rights violations and abuses against LGBTI persons "including violence, the criminalization of LGBTI status or conduct, and serious forms of discrimination.
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I know the responses to his argument — that the criminalization of marijuana has put too many Americans behind bars, that marijuana is less harmful than alcohol and so on.
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" Harris, too, spoke in depth about the war on drugs and how crackdowns on marijuana "led disproportionately to the criminalization of black and brown young men in this country.
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On issues like criminal justice reform, combating the global criminalization of the LGBTI community, suicide prevention and more, the Trump administration has shown its willingness to work across the aisle.
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Limiting access to individuals with no more than one felony and no more than two total convictions will shut out the vast majority of victims of the criminalization of poverty.
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The National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws criticized the tactics used by police in the incident, claiming that Longenecker's death was the result of the criminalization of marijuana.
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"We're deeply concerned with the increase in criminalization tied to seeking abortion care," said Renee Bracey Sherman, the senior public affairs manager of the National Network of Abortion Funds (NNAF).
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Each line revoked a provision of the existing penal code, ranging from the criminalization of women for dress infractions, such as wearing trousers, to the authorization of their public flogging.
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Human rights activists say the criminalization of sex workers makes them more vulnerable with women working the streets reporting frequent arrest for carrying condoms, attacks and detention by the police.
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In the early nineties, he joined the board of the Indiana Family Institute, a far-right group that supported the criminalization of abortion and campaigned against equal rights for homosexuals.
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"Criminalization measures, rather than solving the underlying causes of homelessness, create additional barriers to accessing employment, housing, and public benefits needed to escape life on the streets," NLCHP's report concluded.
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In Indiana, the home state of the deeply anti-abortion Vice-President-elect Mike Pence, two women faced unprecedented criminalization for their pregnancy outcomes: Purvi Patel and Bei Bei Shuai.
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Black people still face criminalization, racial profiling, and violence at the hands of law enforcement while police officers rarely face criminal charges or jail time in cases of deadly force.
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"This perpetual criminalization of the poor must come to an end," Jessica González, general counsel at the National Hispanic Media Coalition, said in a statement in response to Pallone's report.
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But amid legal challenges around the criminalization of ayahuasca, experts are highlighting the need for the traditional brew and its heritage to be incorporated into Canadian public health policy discussions.
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"The bottom line is that you have criminalization of nonviolent speech in Lebanon, speech that criticizes politicians and national symbols," said Lama Fakih, the Beirut director for Human Rights Watch.
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By amplifying the voices of those directly affected by the dehumanization and criminalization of sex work, NHI has built a successful platform that highlights and challenges these intersections of oppression.
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Steven W. Thrasher is a doctoral candidate in American studies at New York University, where he researches the criminalization of H.I.V. and is writing a book about race and reporting.
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"If we want to save lives, reduce criminalization, and end racial disparities, we need comprehensive, innovative, and forward-thinking approaches like safer consumption spaces," she said in a statement Wednesday.
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The Trump administration is reportedly starting an effort to end the criminalization of homosexuality around the world — but the campaign may be a way to highlight Iran's human rights abuses.
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LGBTQ rights globally have seen progress in recent years — India, for example, struck down its law banning gay sex last year— but crackdowns and criminalization against gay people continue worldwide.
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The "lack of due process and the criminalization of the exercise of free expression continue to undermine the progress Bahrain has made since 2011," according to State Department spokesman John Kirby.
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It's going to give us some reasonable expectations for not only what the sentencing should be, but the fact that these are victims in need of services and not just criminalization.
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Criminalization means that doctors cannot treat addiction with medication—the most effective approach for opioids—without worrying about law enforcement peering over their shoulder and complying with massive amounts of paperwork.
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These so-called "HIV criminalization" laws vary, but many punish things like spitting, biting, and other behaviors that "pose a low or negligible risk for HIV transmission," according to the CDC.
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That decision raises questions about the criminalization of political difference in a way that the Russia investigation, which rests on clear evidence of serious criminality, simply does not, Republicans' protestations aside.
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According to the Drug Policy Alliance, a nonprofit that supports science-based drug regulation over criminalization, media mentions of drug-induced homicide prosecutions rose over 5683 percent between 2568 and 259.
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The United States strongly opposes violence, criminalization and discrimination targeting vulnerable groups, including women at risk of violence, religious and ethnic minorities, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) persons.
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The establishment of clandestine routes across international borders and the criminalization of individuals legitimately seeking access to safe countries may ultimately assist terrorists who exploit chaos and vulnerability in equal measure.
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A group of Cuban visual artists and curators have taken a vehement stand against the government's criminalization of the arts through a series of protests, performances, and even a rogue biennial.
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Criminalization is not new in America - we've dealt with a federal crackdown on consensual sex work since the White Slave Traffic Act of 1910 was passed during a similar racist hysteria.
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But sex worker and other human rights groups in Mexico say criminalization only sends the problem deeper underground, and exposes an already vulnerable group to abuses by police and organized crime.
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Nonetheless, there was a consensus that investing in health care, addiction treatment and alternatives to incarceration would do more to end the drug trade than relying primarily on prohibition and criminalization.
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The American Civil Liberties Union has sued South Carolina over what it calls the criminalization of normal adolescent misbehavior, challenging the state's "disturbing schools" and "disorderly conduct" charges as unconstitutionally vague.
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Ohio could have been the next state to reform their HIV criminalization laws, but the Ohio Supreme Court decided to uphold its current HIV codes in a ruling on Oct. 27.
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The time is now to support efforts by Congress and numerous states to not only legalize marijuana, but to advance policies that further repair the racially discriminatory harms of marijuana criminalization.
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Session's criminalization of immigration through zero-tolerance ignores the geo-political and socio-economic realities behind immigration and refugee patterns in favor of a one-size fits all "law & order" posture.
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Whether or not marijuana can cause or aggravate mental illness is an important question, deserving of the kind of study that is currently made difficult by the drug's classification and criminalization.
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" After the closed-door talks, the ministry said it was especially concerned about "the criminalization clause, which constitutes an obstacle to the study of the truth and to open historical debate.
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If it's just a political statement not backed by money or commitment to more action, and if it's a way to propagate the criminalization of addiction, then it would be counterproductive.
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Bernie Sanders (I-VT) back in 2015, Booker's bill would remove marijuana from the federal scheduling system, the list of controlled substances that acts as the basis for federal criminalization laws.
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Though no one program will solve all of our violence problems, it's time to dial back the criminalization approach and give communities the resources they need to create lasting public safety.
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Given the proven racist intent of the war on drugs and the criminalization of marijuana, it's time for Christians to think critically about this issue and not just default to abstinence.
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She has introduced her own bill, which directs half of all marijuana revenue to a community fund supporting job training, and prioritizes licenses for people from communities most affected by criminalization.
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The attempted criminalization and dehumanization of his opponents is one of the most distinct elements of Trump's political style and could be one of the most lasting consequences of his presidency.
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The restriction and attempted criminalization of abortion doesn't just violate a woman's rights while she is pregnant, they strip her of the right to plan for her and her family's future.
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Otherwise, reproductive health advocates attribute the lingering stigma surrounding self-managed abortion to the criminalization of it in parts of the country, as well as the FDA's federal restrictions on mifepristone.
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By amplifying the voices of those directly affected by the dehumanization and criminalization of sex work, No Human Involvedhas built a successful platform that highlights and challenges these intersections of oppression.
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Criminal justice: against the death penalty, private prisons, marijuana criminalization, and cash bail Sanders/Warren: Both support all Buttigieg/Biden policies below (including marijuana legalization) as well as decriminalization of homelessness.
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We will need clinicians in all states to employ the harm-reduction model and be a resource for women to seek help in managing their own abortions without fear of criminalization.
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This story offers us a window into how the criminalization of black lives emerged as a means of sustaining white supremacy and control over African Americans in the post-slavery period.
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Civil liberties advocates are outraged at what they call the potential criminalization of routine speech, with the ACLU filing a brief encouraging dismissal of the case with the state's highest court.
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According to a survey by the NUM, 96.2 percent of sex workers oppose the criminalization of their clients and 78.4 percent of respondents said it would make them feel less safe.
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Between April and September of this year, at least 50 sex work premises have been closed down by the police, leading almost invariably to the criminalization of the women working there.
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" Flicking at the possibility that Kennedy's retirement could potentially lead to the criminalization of abortion, Reiner added, "How would you feel, while reading your newspaper, seeing a headline that read 'Roe v.
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"Many dress codes provide the opportunity for adults to police the bodies of Black girls," Monique Morris, author of Pushout: The Criminalization of Black Girls in Schools, told me in an email.
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The Stonewall Uprising, which took place 50 years ago this month, began at the Stonewall Inn in Manhattan and mushroomed into six days of citywide protests against the criminalization of homosexual activity.
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" Likewise, Sara Elise, owner of Brooklyn-based catering company Harvest & Revel, told MUNCHIES that she showed up at the protest "because no human is 'illegal' and the criminalization of immigrants is abhorrent.
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He condemned the arbitrary imprisonment of opposition party leaders, criminalization of journalism under an "antiterrorism law" and the absence of the rule of law and "lack of due process in Ethiopian courts".
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It would begin to reassure many who deplore the criminalization of political opponents and the partisan vendettas in Washington that have been waged in Washington against Hillary Clinton for far too long.
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At the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs, for example, cannabis was labeled a "controlled substance" alongside opium and cocaine, leading to strict control over its cultivation and the criminalization of individual possession.
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Researchers, doctors, and politicians will always be more skeptical of drug legalization than activists, who see the drugs as a path to enlightenment and view their criminalization as a deep moral wrong.
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What: Advocates in Chicago are organizing groups to meet with local government officials and state representatives to share stories about sex work and how its criminalization and SESTA/FOSTA affect the community.
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It is the criminalization of our lives that forces us against a wall — the high cost of scheduled drugs, the vulnerability of working in an illicit trade, and the danger of arrest.
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U.S. Ambassador to Germany Richard Grenell said the Trump administration's new push to end the criminalization of homosexuality worldwide is "wildly supported by both parties" in an interview with NBC News Wednesday.
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The profound racial and ethnic disparities of harsh policing and mass criminalization not only affect Black and Latinx men and women at alarming rates but also levy heavy costs on their futures.
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"This case itself won't change things, but it's the first of many that starts to chip away at the idea that criminalization is the way to address problematic substance abuse," he said.
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Post-9/11 foreign policy has been matched here at home by expansive growth of executive power, unaccountable militarization of domestic law enforcement, chronic over-criminalization and pervasive disrespect for civil liberties.
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Oren Yaniv, a spokesperson for the Brooklyn DA's office, said the office declined to prosecute about 20 THC oil arrests this year and pointed to several policies aimed at reducing marijuana criminalization.
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Read more: A New Zealand Woman Was Charged for Doxing a Sex Worker Online "The causal relationship couldn't be clearer: When you increase criminalization, you increase violence against sex workers," Bailey said.
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On this 500th anniversary of the transatlantic slave trade this month, black people are still policed for their physical characteristics, reflecting the ongoing problem of racial discrimination and the criminalization of blackness.
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And as a new report on the criminalization of black girls in USA Today notes, a large part of the problem is that institutional systems are simply not prepared to help them.
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Even if old-fashioned prisons fade away, the profit margins of these companies will widen so long as growing numbers of people find themselves subject to perpetual criminalization, surveillance, monitoring and control.
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Lawyers and physicians work to clear legal paths for self-managed abortion while also fighting the criminalization that punishes people for trying to safely terminate their pregnancies outside of a clinic setting.
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Through them, and through his poetry, John recaptures the narrative about his own suffering, and allows us to respond in the way that systemic criminalization of addiction doesn't: with empathy and understanding.
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Advocates of reproductive rights work tirelessly to convey the nuance of the circumstances, the horrors of criminalization, the extremism of forced birth, all in hopes that the other side will come around.
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" Eliza Orlins, a New York City public defender, tweeted that Biden "must know marijuana prohibition has disproportionately impacted low-income communities & communities of color, fueling mass criminalization, & a crisis of over-incarceration.
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Even if the same protections for free speech were extended to private companies, the president exercising free speech would not be viewed as a form of censorship, regulation or criminalization of speech.
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Marbut's potential appointment could mean more disappointment for homeless advocates who've pleaded with the administration to find housing solutions rather than the big shelters or criminalization efforts the administration appears to support.
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Activists had breathed a sigh of relief in December 2017, when Indonesia's Constitutional Court narrowly voted down a call for the criminalization of LGBT relations brought by a group of conservative Muslims.
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Experts warn that with further attacks on abortion access and contraceptive coverage likely to come, rates of self-induced abortion—and the criminalization of those who perform or facilitate it—will rise.
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Neither plan, for example, addressed the ongoing complaint that the police harass people for sleeping on the streets — a policy that advocates for the homeless refer to as criminalization — and confiscate their property.
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" She raised concerns about worsening healthcare, increased criminalization of racial minorities and "queer and trans people," and she urged political progressives to prepare to dig in and push for "change at every level.
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And, similarly to the HIV epidemic, so many of these deaths are occurring because of the criminalization of drug use and the stigma against people who take drugs that is exacerbated by it.
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In New York in the 90s, criminalization of clean needles literally killed tens of thousands of people who injected drugs—as we fought to legalize access, many completely preventable new HIV infections occurred.
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" She raised concerns about worsening healthcare, increased criminalization of racial minorities and "queer and trans people," and she urged political progressives to prepare to dig in and push for "change at every level.
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The bills have addressed everything from ending the policy of criminalization to providing resources to expunge criminal records to narrow legislation that would allow the Department of Veterans Affairs to conduct research trials.
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And in general, HIV criminalization laws likely contribute to stigma and discrimination around HIV, which world health groups like UNAIDS have identified as some of the biggest barriers to effective treatment and prevention.
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"I think law enforcement are saying they are going step in to step the job... criminalization can help in a big way to ensure the rights of athletes are ultimately protected," said Tygart.
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"The lens for their training is explicitly anti-racist, trans-inclusive, and rejects criminalization, which is critical," she said, suggesting it represents a step in the right direction for security at queer venues.
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The fruitless War on Drugs rages on, but now that the struggle has outgrown inner cities and reached rural and Middle America, sympathy, abundant resources, and an aversion to criminalization are en vogue.
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Sex workers say it's often the case that they're the ones most likely to become victims of trafficking because the criminalization of their work leaves them unable to go to authorities for help.
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Former "American Idol" star and one-time North Carolina congressional candidate Clay Aiken is praising the Trump administration's new effort to end the criminalization of homosexuality in dozens of countries around the world.
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Unfortunately, the criminalization of sexting worsens this problem because teenagers know that if they report the incident they may be punished at school and possibly charged with the same offense as the perpetrator.
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As people across the United States light up to mark the occasion, it is important to reflect on the ongoing legacy of marijuana criminalization and its widespread impact on black and brown communities.
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It's a pragmatic approach that recognizes someone caught with a small amount of illegal drugs for personal use would benefit far more from being connected to treatment, or other social services, than criminalization.
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"Since the beginning of the epidemic, when many of these criminalization laws were enacted, treatment for HIV/AIDS has been revolutionized," said Peter Meacher, the Callen-Lorde Community Health Center's chief medical officer.
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While legalization's costs are under-studied—just as understandings of cannabis' value as a medicine and risk as an intoxicant suffer from a dearth of knowledge—the report ignores the cost of criminalization.
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Composed of doctors, politicians, addiction experts, and cops, it has the people with the expertise—in the government's humble opinion—needed to bring cannabis out from under criminalization and into a legal framework.
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As a result, LGBT people are at increased risk of becoming homeless and/or relying on survival economies, which in turn leaves LGBT people vulnerable to encounters with law enforcement and, ultimately, criminalization.
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"We hope we can work together to avoid repetitions of policies that are intended to protect youth and communities of color, but instead only further engrain systemic criminalization and racism," the letter reads.
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Still, a letter circulated by the American Civil Liberties Union and other civil rights groups ahead of the vote raised alarms, calling the bill a criminalization measure rather than a public health one.
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"Stigma and criminalization create an environment of impunity in which violence and exploitation thrive," Luca Stevenson of the International Committee on the Rights of Sex Workers in Europe, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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For years, some of us have been warning about a dangerous tide sweeping over Europe as Western countries in the criminalization of speech deemed offensive or insulting while banning whole groups deemed hateful.
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Ending H.I.V. criminalization will save money, reduce H.I.V.-related stigma, protect the rights of people living with H.I.V., and, most important, improve public health here in the United States and around the globe.
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Despite the looming possibility of criminalization and even a jail sentence, Ael said he had never for a moment thought about leaving Indonesia, despite the growing hostility towards LGBT people such as himself.
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The story has drawn national attention and outrage from reproductive rights groups who argue that the incident is a disturbing example of the mistreatment and criminalization of low-income pregnant women of color.
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Kamala Harris on Wednesday expressed "regret" over the "unintended consequences" of a 2011 California truancy law, which she supported as the state attorney general and which she said led to the criminalization of parents.
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The charges against the six men are based on "criminalization of the exercise of fundamental rights, including freedom of assembly and expression", the U.N. experts said in a joint statement which gave scant details.
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We also recognize what science and the right to health has long told us: criminalization of health services almost invariably hits marginalized, vulnerable communities hardest and has a disastrous impact on health outcomes worldwide.
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"What we need is a very clear statement, from the Roman Catholic Church at least, that criminalization is wrong," said Leonardo Javier Raznovich, lead researcher of a Caribbean report, which they gave to Parolin.
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That's a great thing—a move that will avoid the unnecessary criminalization of cannabis users—but doesn't address the thousands of people who would benefit from a change of the law around medicinal cannabis.
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Her death renewed the conversation about the perils of cash bail, pretrial detention and other policies that civil rights groups say contribute to the criminalization of transgender women of color and other vulnerable communities.
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According to Fidelis, what makes the exhibit unique is its ability to transcend the art world and enter the public debate by raising concerns about censorship, freedom of expression, and the criminalization of art.
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Historically, the WHO's classification of transgender identity as pathological had "contributed to the enormous stigma, discrimination, harassment, criminalization, and abuse on the basis of gender identity and expression," the group said in a statement.
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"I do have a concern that the criminalization of homelessness could send a message, that allows individuals to justify criminal acts against the homeless," said Todd Gloria, president of the San Diego City Council.
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Officials have engaged in several rounds of talks over the last several months as the two sides seek to hammer out differences on tariffs, intellectual property protections, the criminalization of fentanyl and cyber issues.
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Given these intersections, and the fact that pregnancy criminalization laws are also being used to build restrictions on access to abortion and limit women's bodily autonomy and privacy, ultimately, these restrictions matter to everyone.
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With Islam a fundamental part of the Uyghur identity, so-called counter-terrorism campaigns which have cracked down hard on Muslim practices and increasingly criminalized Islam, are tantamount to the criminalization of being Uyghur.
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Mary Anne Franks, a professor at the University of Miami School of Law who has conducted research on the criminalization of consensual sexual activity, said she was "stunned" to read about Ms. Clifford's arrest.
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The LGBT community and communities of color are already devastated by criminalization, and we do not want to add any more people to the list of groups who are being overly policed, overly criminalized.
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Russell Craig's deadpan painting of his prison identification card is one such example, as well as his collage "Locks" (2017), which examines the "criminalization" of black hair (like the banning of dreadlocks in workplaces).
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Not only does this bill reverse the failed prohibition of cannabis, but it also provides pathways for opportunity and ownership in the emerging industry for those who have suffered the most under federal criminalization.
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Enze Han, author of "British Colonialism and the Criminalization of Homosexuality," said the laws were partly the product of a strict Victorian moral code, which defined any sexual activity not for procreation as taboo.
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Meanwhile, "these laws were used to manipulate and coerce people to stay in abusive relationships," Tami Haught, organizing and training coordinator for the SERO Project, a group that works to end HIV criminalization, told Vox.
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The regulations have discouraged women from working in groups or from hiring security guards, and the criminalization of clients means workers are more likely to meet johns in remote locations, away from help and support.
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Sex workers know all about this, too: Many people are forced to stay in abusive situations through the cultural stigma, shame, criminalization, systemic disempowerment, and alienation from families that can come with their sexual labor.
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"Calling gender dysphoria, and in the past sexual orientation, a mental health disorder is what has led people into forced hospitalization, conversion therapy, and the criminalization of trans people for being openly out," she says.
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The New York Senate and Assembly both passed the legislation earlier this year, putting the state on track to join 42 other states, as well as New York City, in passing revenge porn criminalization laws.
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Since 1989, the expansion of protected parks has led to the eviction of indigenous Baka and Bayaka people from their homelands, the criminalization of traditional forest hunting, and brutal attacks by wildlife rangers, said Survival.
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All in all, the event will be a fascinating opportunity to share ideas and perspective, as sex workers from all backgrounds gather to discuss their desire to live and work free of stigmas and criminalization.
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Related: A Growing Movement Is Fighting the Criminalization of Homelessness "Our officers know the places to look, but some people are really good at hiding," said Chris Boehm, the USFS assistant director of law enforcement.
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Research over the last several years has showed that trauma-informed classrooms create better learning environments for students and decrease disciplinary issues that come from the "criminalization" of students who act out of traumatic stress.
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CNN reported that O'Rourke sent an email to supporters in which he backed the repeal of the federal criminalization of marijuana and called for the records of those jailed over marijuana possession to be expunged.
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The exercise is an effort to save face after some bad press, resulting from a Philadelphia Starbucks' criminalization of two black men who were only doing what so many others do: hanging out in Starbucks.
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"Nobody's got any empirical evidence that shows criminalization reduces consumption noticeably" A 2009 report from the libertarian Cato Institute found that after Portugal decriminalized all drugs, people were more willing to seek out rehabilitation programs.
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The risk of militarizing public order, the weakening of institutional restraints on executive power, the criminalization of protest and a fixation on promoting free-market orthodoxies — none of this has good echoes in Latin America.
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In fact, when Portugal did so in 2001, the result was dramatic reductions in HIV and IV drug use, without increases in drug use that were any different from their neighbors (which had maintained criminalization).
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The biggest challenge moving forward is to ensure that in creating and implementing this new approach to marijuana in California, this new era, that we do not repeat the worst, most harmful aspects of criminalization.
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"Race and racism should be understood as structural problems, problems of inequality, to be resolved through a program of justice and not criminalization," said Joel Modiri, a lecturer in jurisprudence at the University of Pretoria.
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But her arrest on Wednesday raised questions about the criminalization of consensual sexual conduct in the United States and about law enforcement priorities, especially in a city that saw a surge in murders last year.
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But immigrants and their children also despised the criminalization of their cultural rituals and leisure habits, the violence that illegal supply rings brought to their neighborhoods and the selective enforcement that disproportionally targeted poor violators.
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Then they rolled their gear through the park, past a crowd protesting New York's criminalization of sex work, to this side street, where they shot a scene featuring Janet Mock, the writer, director and activist.
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Ireland, the European Court had already begun the process of recognizing that Ireland long ago adopted Europe's human rights values, including access to full reproductive health care without criminalization and stigmatization of women and girls.
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In a speech to victims and their supporters who had gathered in the gallery of the House of Commons, Mr. Trudeau apologized for "Canada's role in the systemic oppression, criminalization, and violence" against sexual minorities.
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According to TMCF's CEO Johnny Taylor, Koch's involvement was largely the organization's idea, the outgrowth of hearing Koch's remark publicly on mass incarceration and over criminalization of certain offenses, which tend to affect minority communities overwhelmingly.
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Earlier this year, US Ambassador to Germany Richard Grenell launched efforts on behalf of the administration to end the criminalization of homosexuality in countries where it's illegal to be gay, a move largely targeted at Iran.
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" Here to explain that and more of what he thinks about the today&aposs developments, Alan Dershowitz, Harvard Law Professor Emeritus and author of the new book "Trumped Up: How Criminalization of Political Differences Endangers Democracy.
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"The pervasiveness of torture in Afghanistan makes its criminalization and the prosecution of alleged torturers an urgent priority," Human Rights Watch senior researcher Patricia Gossman wrote in a post calling for the annex to be enacted.
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In fact, criminalization of key affected populations, including but not limited to gay individuals, has resulted in over 60 percent of countries having regulations or policies that create obstacles to getting treatment or care for HIV.
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Democrats got a taste of the criminalization of politics with various ginned up scandals against the Clintons, ranging from Bill Clinton's perjury during the Monica Lewinsky affair to Hillary Clinton's use of a private email server.
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Some members of the Alabama legislature have admitted that the criminalization of abortions as a response to rape and incest amounts to a grandstand play, a tactic to hasten judicial review and the demise of Roe.
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This is not all attributable to the appointment of the special counsel, but the criminalization of political differences on both sides of the aisle has certainly contributed to the atmosphere of distrust in our justice system.
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Traditionalist critics of the modern federal system justifiably complain that Congress and the courts have stretched constitutional provisions such as the commerce clause to allow federal criminalization of acts that should be left to local authorities.
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The trend of criminalization is disturbing not only for the fact that abortion is a legal procedure, but also because it pits health-care providers against the patients for whom they are supposed to be caring.
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But experts are arguing that the criminalization of the substance, as well as the challenges in getting government research grants, have made it difficult for the medical community to push forward research on its healing potential.
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"The same thing that makes somebody vulnerable to sexual violence by [their peers] also makes them vulnerable to prosecution and criminalization," says Moira Meltzer-Cohen, a New York City-based attorney who frequently works with survivors.
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The advent of online news has prompted journalists to consider how such reporting can perpetuate the criminalization of nonviolent offenders far into the future, thanks to the meticulous record-keeping practices of search engines like Google.
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"I'm the woman who's going to beat Donald Trump," she said, before listing policies to combat combating racial inequities such as voter disenfranchisement, as well as funding historically black colleges and ending the criminalization of marijuana.
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For instance, drug policy experts caution that in the case of online opioid sales, such AI tools — depending on how they're ultimately used by law enforcement — risk enabling the over-criminalization of low-level drug sellers.
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In a letter, a group of civil rights advocacy organizations, including the ACLU and the Drug Policy Alliance, criticized the extension for failing to address concerns that the scheduling order furthers the over-criminalization of drugs.
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" While Delton stops short of calling for purges of anyone deemed "alt-right," she suggested that, given "the threat posed by the actions of alt-right provocateurs," past censorship and criminalization of speech "may bear revisiting.
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Some City Council members and advocates for the poor have complained in recent months that fare evasion arrests amount to the criminalization of poverty, contending many people jump turnstiles because they cannot afford the $2.75 fare.
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When the troops withdrew, whites re-established slavery through the economic exploitation of sharecropping, criminalization of African-American men, black disenfranchisement, and a reign of domestic terror including lynchings, massacres and assassinations of black elected officials.
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"Today's decision underscores the inhumane and systemic criminalization of women in El Salvador under the country's total abortion ban," Paula Ávila-Guillén, from the Women's Equality Center, which has followed Hernández's case, said in a statement.
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"The criminalization of immigration makes it impossible to actually fight trafficking," said Brennan, a speaker on Tuesday at Trust Conference/America Forum, a one-day Thomson Reuters Foundation event on the fight against slavery and trafficking.
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The criminalization of communities of color and more specifically African Americans is very much part of this country's story and the level of incarceration is unprecedented, with 2.3 million, mostly minorities, locked up in "correctional" facilities.
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A miso-induced abortion is virtually indistinguishable from a spontaneous miscarriage, which may lead to the belief that women who seek follow-up care at a hospital or other medical practice would be safe from criminalization.
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Soon after the arrest of Ms. Jones, who is black, abortion rights groups came to her defense, citing the case as an example of the harsh treatment of people of color and the criminalization of pregnancy.
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To catch a crime in the absence of a plot requires the criminalization of previously legal behavior, a regime of surveillance to figure out who pre-criminals might be, and a theory to identify these persons.
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It also would create a $10 billion U.S. Department of Agriculture program to aid marijuana growing operations in communities with high arrest rates to ensure "the people victimized by criminalization see the direct benefits," the campaign said.
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The widespread collateral damage of the illegal drug trade—the exploitation, environmental damage, criminalization, corruption, murderous gang feuds, addiction, and needless overdoses—are all evidence that the way it's currently being handled does not appear to work.
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" Organizational and LGBT support The bill enjoyed support from Californians for HIV Criminalization Reform (CHCR), a coalition of several organizations, including the ACLU of California, whose mission is to replace the "stigmatizing laws that criminalize HIV status.
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The recent turn to the criminalization of politics and the politicization of all of our institutions has degraded our democracy and, in the long run, only benefits those who want to get rid of democratic institutions altogether.
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While herpes is the subject of public mockery and angry lawsuits reminiscent of attacks on HIV-positive people in a landscape where some states still have HIV criminalization laws on the books, Bobrow made a surprising finding.
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"Criminalization is often referred to by its proponents as a 'velvet hammer' approach to getting pregnant women to seek help for issues with substance use," New York human rights attorney Farah Diaz-Tello said in the report.
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And so, in a cruel twist of fate, Ms. Tauli-Corpuz has come to embody the very problem that she has been documenting as a special rapporteur: the criminalization of indigenous activists, particularly those defending their land.
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" He added: "We must make sure that historical truths are preserved, that there be no restrictions on the freedom of research and speech, and that the wide threat of criminalization in this regard is addressed and resolved.
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Here is how some state officials reacted: California "Today, Jeff Sessions and the Trump administration destructively doubled down on the failed, costly and racially discriminatory policy of marijuana criminalization, trampling on the will" of voters, Lt. Gov.
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The Labour backbencher stated it was necessary to stop the suffering and criminalization of sick people in the UK, and drew contrasts with the 29 US states that have legalized medical cannabis, along with many European nations.
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"Lawmakers, while often slow to respond to public demand, are increasingly realizing the untenable position of maintaining a pro-criminalization stance," said Justin Strekal, political director for the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, or NORML.
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But ultimately, the baseline — marijuana criminalization, the strict mandatory minimum laws, the aggressive culture in policing and prosecutions, the abundance of prisons — has given Trump and Sessions a way to undo much of Obama's work without legislative action.
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Other challenges continue such as the criminalization of victims, the lack of support for children ... the failure to put survivors' voices at the center of policy-making, and the fact that most victims struggle to receive any compensation.
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The enduring legacy of "tough on crime" policies from the 1980s and beyond allows for a painless switch away from capital punishment to the expanded use of LWOP, increased mandatory minimum sentences, and broadened criminalization of nonviolent offenses.
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In order to bring weed and weed users out of the shadows, the cannabis industry has aggressively tried to normalize its use, in part by trying to bring attention to the horrible and unhelpful criminalization of cannabis users.
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State by state, our victories are mounting, and those who advocate for a return to the days of cannabis criminalization are rapidly losing influence and credibility among lawmakers and in the hearts and minds of the American people.
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But advocates say the case highlights a larger problem within the American criminal justice system: the prevalence of a widespread body of HIV criminalization laws, which use medically outdated criminal law to stigmatize people living with the virus.
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As an aside, I also remarked that one of the original reasons behind the criminalization of the drug in the 1930s was its negative effects on society and more specifically the damaging consequences on the African-American community.
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These politicians recognize what polls suggest: While public opinion on the subject is extremely messy, most Americans hardly seem ready for the criminalization of all or most abortions, much less the punishment of doctors or even pregnant people.
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Ruth Morgan Thomas, who advocates for sex worker rights around the world, argued that the health crisis was also exacerbated by criminalization of sex work, which limits sex workers' ability to access health care and other social services.
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" And the script we have inherited when it comes to infidelity is pitifully narrow, its language cribbed from addiction and criminalization: "Clinicians often label the faithful spouse as the 'injured party' and the unfaithful one as the 'perpetrator.
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There are also numerous pieces of legislation moving through Congress at the moment that would require special watermarks over or disclosures around fake or misleading media, as well as criminalization of the creation and distribution of such video.
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Policies that punish relapse with jail time and keep sufferers from proven treatments are part and parcel of a nearly 50-year war on drugs, predicated almost entirely on criminalization, that no reasonable person would say is working.
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There were two rare but notable exceptions: Trump's stern notice to China that the US is closely watching how it handles the unrest in Hong Kong, and his call to end the criminalization of homosexuality around the world.
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Second, because of the Trump administration's criminalization of prospective asylum seekers and undocumented migrants, the vast majority of detainees are either Central American families fleeing horrific violence or law-abiding Central American and Mexican members of American society.
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Even after Narendra Modi promised on the campaign trail in 2014 to "do away with the criminalization of politics", money and muscle still dominate the electoral scene in India, Milan Vaishnav writes in his forthcoming book "When Crime Pays".
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Her story was often raised as a symbol of a number of issues, from juveniles receiving life sentences, to the criminalization of women doing sex work, and the justice system's failures when dealing with women affected by sexual violence.
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"Police presence has not been shown to make schools safer, but it can lead to the over-criminalization of students – particularly students of color – and worsen race-based disparities in how typical student behaviors are addressed," Dooley told Refinery29.
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She needed it to end its terrorization of Black and Brown communities, the criminalization of race, poverty, and the work that trans women of color turn to for survival because of the State's own manufactured class inequality and disenfranchisement.
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The report found the regulation of marijuana would have public health benefits with government oversight of production and distribution, would ensure quality control and consumer protection and would reduce racial disparities in criminalization and incarceration rates, the website stated.
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The book is at its least successful when Jamison diverges from alcoholism to the larger social issue of criminalization of drug addiction, including the persecution of pregnant drug abusers and the targeting of minorities in the war on drugs.
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The lurid image of the Junkie Whore — made up of media representations, misogyny, the blemish of criminalization, the defensive derision of other sex workers, and the exclusion of the straight world — looms over drug-using sex workers, obscuring us.
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In fact, in a survey published by Pew Research Center on the same day as the drug criminalization study, 57 percent of American adults said they favored marijuana legalization, compared with 37 percent who said they were against it.
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This common sense approach ensures that lawful industrial activities are not held hostage to unnecessary threats of criminalization allowing industry to focus on protecting birds, building projects and fueling our economy, without facing the threat of arbitrary punitive decisions.
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She describes how, from the administration of John F. Kennedy to that of Ronald Reagan, the executive, Congress and the courts together expanded the architecture of criminalization, driven by assumptions about the cultural inferiority and "pathology" of African-Americans.
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History has proven that abstinence approaches do not work: Teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection rates did not decline in states that emphasized an abstinence-only sex education curriculum and criminalization of heroin use did not stop overdose deaths.
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The same industries that profit from the current detention of 34,000 migrants (many of whom would not benefit from DAPA), are also fierce lobbyists against gun reform and who espouse the continued criminalization of brown and black men, especially.
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For the first time in a generation, there will be a candid conversation in the Judiciary Committe about the failures of marijuana prohibition in the United States and how Americans have been impacted under the blanket policy of criminalization.
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But ayahuasca's criminalization has made it a mostly underground practice, contributing to "risks around the training and integrity of practitioners doing ayahuasca ceremonies…for instance, there have been accusations of sexual assaults on the part of practitioners," Tupper added.
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We could talk about racist housing policy; we could talk about racist schooling policy; we could talk about criminalization of Black people — there's all these different sectors that, even after slavery ended, continued to be de facto in place.
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Wade—or, even more nightmarish, nationwide criminalization of abortion—seems relatively unlikely, at least in the short term, there's a very good chance that access to birth control is going to get a lot more costly pretty darn quickly.
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Freedom of expression has been deteriorating since her administration came to power in 2016, with prosecutions creating a "climate of fear" among journalists, the rights group said in its report, "Dashed Hopes: The Criminalization of Peaceful Expression in Myanmar".
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The case was often raised as a symbol of a number of issues, from juveniles receiving life sentences to the criminalization of women doing sex work, and the justice system's failures when dealing with women affected by sexual violence.
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Customs checks would also mean the ever-so-slight but ever-so-real criminalization of the general public; lots of people will nip across the border to save themselves 15 percent on curtains, and who would really blame them?
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Now his Department of Justice is chasing the fairness of admissions at Harvard, which may be worthy of scrutiny, but hardly compares to the criminalization of driving while black, walking while black, holding weed while black, voting while black.
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" Buttigieg implied that Pence was using Christianity to carry out his own weird obsession with, and criminalization of, other people's private intimacies — which would make him quite a hypocrite since he's now "the cheerleader for the porn star presidency.
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In 1996, the Clinton administration signed into law two key pieces of legislation: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act, which both served to retroactively tie immigration status to criminalization.
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Since this nomination will be confirmed barring a Republican revolt in the Senate, liberals are looking ahead to a future where a conservative majority on the Supreme Court approves of causes ranging from voter suppression to the criminalization of abortion.
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It would also address HIV criminalization laws that use outdated science to punish people living with HIV for transmitting and potentially exposing others to the virus, Jacob Schneider, a staff attorney at the Center for HIV Law and Policy, told VICE.
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"Her case is really notable in that she actually tried to escape her abusive household," said Alisa Bierria, a member of Survived and Punished, a collective that is working to end the criminalization of survivors of domestic and sexual violence.
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If you support the criminalization of abortion, or believe that safe abortions should be available to affluent women but not to poor and rural women, you should be happy about the near certainty that Roe will be overruled or eviscerated.
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As Sarah Wakeman, medical director at the Massachusetts General Hospital Substance Use Disorder Initiative, previously told me, "greater criminalization would be not only ineffective but actually harmful" — by promoting a stigma that can deter people from seeking help for drug addiction.
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Narrowly focused on criminalization, rather than broader LGBT issues like same-sex marriage, the campaign was conceived partly in response to the recent reported execution by hanging of a young gay man in Iran, the Trump administration's top geopolitical foe.
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"History has proven that abstinence approaches do not work: Teen pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection rates did not decline in states that emphasized an abstinence-only sex education curriculum and criminalization of heroin use did not stop overdose deaths," she added.
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Aside from the fact that the risk of unprotected sex looms larger when drugs are involved, even sex workers who are drug users often prefer to keep a clear head while engaging in work where we navigate potential criminalization and violence.
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But Trump's interest in criminal-justice reform is reportedly limited: Reducing mandatory minimums and over-criminalization will be a tough sell, while programs to help prisoners re-enter society and find jobs could find a receptive audience in the White House.
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"This was a disappointing decision and a setback for the rights of people living with HIV, but we will continue fighting against the stigma and against criminalization," she said in an email the day the Supreme Court decision was released.
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In state legislatures — the ones that have a day-to-day effect on local policies like abortion access and drug criminalization — women still comprise only about a quarter of members across the country, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.
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Hong Kong already has laws against treason and sedition, but critics of Article 23 believe the criminalization of subversion and secession could enable the prosecution of a wide range of dissenting voices, particularly those who advocate or endorse Hong Kong independence.
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Prolonged detention magnifies the most dehumanizing elements of the migrant experience — the commodification of bodies that occurs as migrants are trafficked, the dangers they endure along our militarized border and the criminalization thrust upon them from the moment they cross it.
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Issuing a warrant for this noncriminal behavior contributes to the systemic criminalization of young people of color, and says to this vulnerable population that whether or not you commit a crime, you can still be arrested and sit in jail.
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At the Fulton Street Station, the group Why Accountability joined the rally and led the chant "No one should go to jail for not having $2.75," referencing the criminalization of passengers who jump subway turnstiles to avoid paying the MTA fare.
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The bodies of people of color have a pernicious history of total exploitation and criminalization in the US. Like total war, total exploitation enlists and mobilizes the resources of mainstream society to obliterate the resources and infrastructure of the vulnerable.
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"Arresting hard-working people who cannot afford a $2.75 fare is, in effect the criminalization of poverty," Ms. Ocasio Cortez wrote in the letter, which was also signed by New York Representatives Jerrold Nadler and José E. Serrano, both Democrats.
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To the Editor: If President Trump wants to make a difference in preventing H.I.V. in the United States and around the world, ending H.I.V. criminalization — the wrongful use of someone's H.I.V.-positive status in a criminal prosecution — is the first step.
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It is clear that the criminal justice system continues to be inherently racist toward black Americans, and the creation of new provisions under the U.S.A. Patriot Act has kept some citizens in a permanent state of surveillance and over-criminalization.
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"I was relieved about the judge's decision, which I see as a big win for solidarity with all people on the move including refugees, migrants and asylum seekers, and against the criminalization of helpers in many countries across Europe," she said.
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In December, Shashi Tharoor, an opposition member in Parliament, introduced a bill that would have rewritten Section 377 to limit the criminalization of private sexual acts to nonconsensual sex and sex with minors, but it was voted down by a large margin.
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"It's a strong argument for medicalization of hard drugs as opposed to criminalization, which actually makes a lot of sense, given that the definition that we use of addiction is the continued obsessive-compulsive use of drugs despite negative consequences," he said.
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Merrill argues that doing so would only make self-managed abortions even safer: Ideally, no one would have to rely on the internet as their only source of reproductive health care, and could attend to their reproductive health needs without fear of criminalization.
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"We have seen in the Senate tonight a historic vote that ends 90 years of prohibition of cannabis in this country, 90 years of needless criminalization, 90 years of a just-say-no approach to drugs that hasn&apost worked," independent Sen.
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According to a new report by the LGBTQ advocacy group Movement Advancement Project (MAP), 38 states still have explicit HIV criminalization laws, while six, including Texas, do not have an explicit law but have prosecuted people for exposure to or transmission of HIV.
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In January, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the American Society of Addiction Medicine released a joint statement calling for increased treatment options for pregnant women with addiction and condemning state policies that push for criminalization.
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" Mr. Forst said that "human rights defenders and grassroots activists working on the rights of asylum seekers are those who are facing acute risks of threats to their person and their families due to the increased politicization and criminalization of their work.
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If women did not talk about our problems, we would not have domestic violence shelters, women's self-defense classes, the criminalization of marital rape, legal prohibition against sexual harassment in the workplace, nor popular understandings of date rape, victim-blaming, and slut-shaming.
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" Despite this contradiction, a State spokesperson told PEOPLE, "The policy from the beginning of this administration is that the United States firmly opposes criminalization, violence and serious acts of discrimination such as in housing, employment and government services directed against LGBTI persons.
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Women are facing restriction, and even criminalization, of reproductive rights, decreased access to affordable contraception and preventative health services, and a rampant culture of sexual assault where perpetrators are rarely held accountable and survivors often made to feel that they are at fault.
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About 50 lawyers and gay advocates, led by Baroness Helena Ann Kennedy, director of the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute, met Cardinal Pietro Parolin, the Vatican secretary of state and gave him a study on criminalization of homosexuality in the Caribbean.
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"A decades-long focus on policing minor crimes and activities — a practice called Broken Windows policing — has led to the criminalization and over-policing of communities of color and excessive force in otherwise harmless situations," the group's position on the issue says.
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The Trump administration is launching a global campaign to end the criminalization of homosexuality in dozens of nations where it's still illegal to be gay, U.S. officials tell NBC News, a bid aimed in part at denouncing Iran over its human rights record.
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In 2010, the U.S. National HIV/AIDS Strategy called for a review of state HIV criminalization laws and statutes, and in 2014, the U.S. Department of Justice released a best practices guide to reform HIV criminal laws to align with current science.
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But since the only way HIV is acquired is from another person already living with unsuppressed HIV, the best way to prevent new infections is to reduce every possible barrier to care and treatment, including institutionalized stigma in the form of HIV criminalization.
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Antiquated, non-science-based, HIV-specific criminalization laws persist on the books across more than three-quarters of the nation These outdated and unnecessarily punitive statutes only add to the destructive and undeserved stigma that people living with HIV continue to face.
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Recognizing addiction as a learning disorder can also help end the argument over whether addiction should be treated as a progressive illness, as experts contend, or as a moral problem, a belief that is reflected in our continuing criminalization of certain drugs.
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Because those who assist in an abortion face six to twelve years in prison, the criminalization has fueled a witch hunt in the country's hospitals and courts, with many women who suffer miscarriages or obstetric complications held suspect for aborting their pregnancies.
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The mayors of six districts in the province where Las Bambas is located, Cotabambas, have signed a declaration condemning the "criminalization" of local leaders and calling on MMG and the government to make good on previous commitments to communities in the region.
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The one-year anniversary of the white supremacist rally in Charlottesville offers the entire nation the opportunity and the duty to reflect on a tumultuous year of violence, racial hatred and the criminalization of difference that have become normal in American political culture.
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Some, who called for legal reforms earlier this month, argue that stopping the criminalization of prostitutes and escorts would make their lives less dangerous, while others have expressed the view that consent can't be bought, and even likened paying for sex to rape.
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Although in my view, it didn't go nearly far enough— a true public health approach cannot involve criminalization of any drug possession and requires radical reform to drug treatment—it may now stand as a sad reminder of where America was once headed.
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While it may be shocking that the criminalization of fertility fraud isn't standard across the country, if these two states serve as any indication, those looking to bring forth future fertility fraud legislation will be able to find the resolutions they seek.
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Watch More From VICE News: This is the standard to which potential drug policies should be held, and so if Rosenstein wants to return to even more aggressive criminalization of drug use, we must ask whether doing so is likely to save lives.
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In terms of specifics, there is a big push to end the criminalization of people who use drugs—something that has almost universal support from the NGOs here, many member states, and all the UN agencies, as well as Ban Ki Moon himself.
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According to UNHCR, the cause of this spike includes the EU's partnership with the Libyan Coast Guard, who returns people to Libyan camps where they are subjected to 'unimaginable horrors', and the criminalization of NGO rescue ships by countries like Italy and Malta.
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She promises to reel back the criminalization of so many aspects of US life (from drugs to homelessness), but also to address the root causes that might lead some people to commit crimes, use drugs, or end up homeless in the first place.
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"The United States strongly opposes violence, criminalization, and discrimination targeting vulnerable groups, including women at risk of violence, religious and ethnic minorities, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons," Robert Palladino, deputy spokesman for the State Department, said in a statement.
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"He can shut down the Russia investigation," Morrison continued, comparing it to when President George H.W. Bush pardoned everyone involved in the Iran-Contra scandal in 1992, arguing that the case had devolved into the criminalization of policy differences rather than legitimate crimes.
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At a minimum, we as a society know enough about cannabis, as well as the failures of cannabis prohibition, to regulate its consumption by adults, end its longstanding criminalization, and to remove it from its undeserved Schedule I prohibitive status under federal law.
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Carrillo says he hopes the cannabis industry can have a role in uplifting those who were impacted by the criminalization of cannabis, that states will wipe out cannabis-related convictions and that cannabis businesses will get rid of education requirements for candidates.
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"[F]acial recognition technology will necessarily mean Black and brown students, who are already more likely to be punished for perceived misbehavior, are more commonly misidentified, reinforcing the criminalization of Black and brown people," wrote NYCLU organizer Toni-Smith Thompson last year.
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Victims of anti-transgender violence in the United States are overwhelmingly transgender women of color who live at the dangerous, and too often deadly, intersections of transphobia, racism, sexism and criminalization, which often leads to high rates of poverty, unemployment and homelessness.
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"The number-one thing deportation priorities say to me is that the goal isn't to designate priorities—it's to push a narrative which is the increasing criminalization of all immigrants," Mary Small, the director of Detention Watch Network, a nonprofit opposing immigrant detention, told me.
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Similarly, Kency Cornejo, an art historian and theorist at the University of New Mexico, has written that the criminalization of Central American migrants depends of comparisons between "illegal" immigration and transnational gang violence — which downplays the history of US imperial policies in Latin America.
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And over Thanksgiving weekend, we will provide discussion guides for our #Food4Thought series for everyday folks to have tough conversations with their families around some of the most polarizing issues of the day--over-criminalization of black folks, money bail, and the right to protest.
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The most restrictive approach, from drug policy expert Jon Caulkins at Carnegie Mellon University, would potentially scale back the enforcement of some drug crimes to eliminate excessive penalties for nonviolent drug offenders, while keeping criminalization in place to, in theory, keep drugs less accessible.
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The law has also had at least one impact its supporters clearly never saw coming — it's prompted a national organizing effort among sex workers and their allies aimed at not only rolling back the law but also combating the criminalization of sex work generally.
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"[The new government has] the opportunity to debate and decide how we wish to respond to the issue of personal drug use — and in particular whether possession for personal use is best dealt with through a health focused policy, rather than by criminalization," Duffin said.
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But the less heralded feature of the bill is the change it brings to the criminal justice system—a testament to the legacy of pot criminalization at a time when, despite some old-school holdouts in the federal government, mainstream social acceptance seems within reach.
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"The ruling eliminates the prohibition and criminalization of acts related to the medicinal use of marijuana and its scientific research, and those relating to the production and distribution of the plant for these purposes," the Lower House said in a statement on its website.
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"When this committee began the effort to examine the problem of over-criminalization and mass incarceration six years ago, members on both sides of the aisle quickly realized the root of the problem was excessive sentencing in general and mandatory minimums in particular," Nadler said.
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Compassion, rather than criminalization, is the keyword, with some police departments and politicians reassessing strategies developed during the war on drugs (which one former aide to President Richard M. Nixon was reported to have said had been mounted, in part, to target African-Americans).
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One can only hope that Attorney General Loretta Lynch, whose experience tackling "the over-criminalization of people of color" was touted as reason for her confirmation, will make sure that her office uses the blank check of Taylor wisely, even-handedly, and —most importantly—sparingly.
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When they do, we'll be forced to reckon with how much harm the legacy of sex work criminalization has done to women, trans people, people of color, and other marginalized groups — the very people whom anti-sex work activists claim to want to protect.
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Mark Kleiman, a professor at NYU who has worked as a consultant with Washington state on the mechanics of legalization—and believes the social costs of cannabis tend to be underestimated—argued the Centennial research did not account for the cost of weed criminalization.
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" While the immediate concern, of course, is to free people who remain in jail simply because they're poor, Stahly-Butts pointed out that bail reform is "also a way to take a brick out of this mass criminalization kind of house that's been built.
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"I think it's willful neglect," said Ronald Libby, professor emeritus of political science at the University of North Florida and author of The Criminalization of Medicine: America's War on Doctors, which looks at how the DEA has historically targeted doctors rather than drug companies.
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When police look at a possibly radicalized but law-abiding American, their options can be constrained, and properly so; the First Amendment is meant to prevent the criminalization of thought, reading, or speech, even when the ideas at issue are reprehensible or touch on violence.
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NEW YORK, Sept 25 (Thomson Reuters Foundation) - U.S. President Donald Trump pledged this week to help end the criminalization of homosexuality globally, but LGBT+ rights advocates took a dim view of his speech at the United Nations, accusing him of rolling back protections at home.
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It is precisely because the ACLU has abandoned its role as a neutral defender of civil liberties that I have had to speak up so loudly and repeatedly in opposition to the criminalization of political differences and to the violation of President Trump's civil liberties.
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"The criminalization of a broad range of legitimate, even if offensive forms of expression is not the right tool for any state to pursue legitimate aims such as tolerance and the rights of others," Mr. Kaye said in September, after Mr. Yee's most recent conviction.
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Between last year's protests in Charlottesville, Virginia, and the ongoing criminalization of blackness evidenced by the growing number of #whileblack incidents being reported across the United States, it's clear to see in the most painful terms that inequality in America is alive and well.
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Criminalization of homelessness is part of a larger pattern in this country of turning to law enforcement to solve societal problems, such as substance abuse, mental illness and poverty — a pattern that has made the U.S. a leader in incarceration while only exacerbating those problems.
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A 2015 analysis published in the Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics found that people living in states with greater media coverage of HIV criminalization laws were less likely to say they'd gotten tested than people in states where such laws got less coverage.
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The German organization Jüdische Stimme (European Jews for a Just Peace), who were recently awarded the Göttinger Friedenspreis, a peace prize in Germany, chimed in as well: As a Jewish organisation we face, worriedly, the criminalization of voices in defense of Palestinian rights all round the world.
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He said Houston Texans owner Bob McNair's comments about not letting the "inmates run the prison" were "very clearly representative of the attitudes of the owners" and that it reflects the broader criminalization of young black men already pervasive in society that has led to mass incarceration.
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In order to best support the states that have had the good judgment to license and regulate businesses to produce, manufacture, or distribute cannabis, it is critical to address this aspect of the failed policy of federal marijuana criminalization as part of any reform package moving forward.
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It marks the first time people caught with cocaine and heroin have avoided automatic criminalization since the possession of both drugs without a prescription was banned a century ago under the Defence of the Realm Act, which was introduced in 1916 during the First World War.
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"We are creating a latter-day mafia in the UK." A further 33 PCCs [police and crime commissioners] have said they do not believe criminalization is necessary, while the Police Federation is calling for an entirely new approach to drug policy after conceding prohibition has failed.
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Their actions were among the first instances of major resistance to the maltreatment and criminalization of gay people in America, and Pride Month is still one of their great legacies — four weeks of celebration of and in and for the L.B.G.T.Q. community here and around the globe.
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Reports by the Council on Hemispheric Affairs and the Justice and Corporate Accountability Project have shown how some Canadian companies harm the environment, ignore the interests of indigenous communities, pressure governments to write favorable local laws, and support the criminalization of social protest, among other questionable behavior.
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"The health department's endorsement of full recreational use is a step in the right direction and one that should be celebrated, but we cannot forget about the individuals and families that have been impacted by the criminalization of marijuana," Morón told Refinery33 in an email following Zucker's recommendation.
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But it's that fear of black people, nurtured by the criminalization and demonization of the black body that dates back to slavery, that not only justifies these killings in the eyes of their perpetrators, but also helps justify them in the eyes of people thousands of miles away.
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But with Amnesty International's recent unflinching policy recommendation to decriminalize all adult consensual sex work - including their take-down of the Nordic model which claims to punish only clients - it is becoming increasingly difficult for naysayers to ignore the well-documented ways that sex workers are harmed by criminalization.
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In this exposé of America's frequent criminalization of mental illness, journalist Alisa Roth dives deep into the criminal justice system, highlighting those victimized by it — it's estimated that half of the country's inmates have a psychiatric disorder — and those trying to fix it through more humane and rehabilitative approaches.
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Rowland's argument is that through redlining, criminalization, and asset forfeiture, Black people are caught in a system that artificially inflates their debt, allows law enforcement agencies to seize property suspected to be used in criminal activity, and uses the income from auctioning the seized items to fund their operations.
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Trafficking prevention starts from an understanding of the root causes of exploitation in the sex trade, which include poverty, lack of education, poor access to stable and affordable housing, undocumented status, punitive criminalization of sex workers, and LGBTQ discrimination, including parental rejection of LGBTQ youth leading to youth homelessness.
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"Criminalization will providers put in situations where they can't necessarily give the best healthcare to their patients, and patients may not reveal information to them that is necessary for the provider to give the best care possible," said Elizabeth Nash, Senior State Issues Manager at the Guttmacher Institute.
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Sex workers who do not operate legally — Nevada is currently the only state where sex work is legal — face even greater risks under Trump's healthcare plan, particularly if they are women of color or LGBTQ-identified, because the risk of criminalization and incarceration always hangs over their head.
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In 1992, America's elected leaders failed to comprehend the magnitude of the nation's racial crisis, with President George H.W. Bush expressing shock at the verdict, but ignoring the systemic issues of poverty, criminalization of black bodies, and racism that led to the violence, looting, and chaos in the city.
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Among other things, the report also tallied nearly 4,000 executions for often non-violent drug offenses over the last decade, 27,000 extrajudicial killings in drug crackdowns in the Philippines since 2016 alone, and of course the ongoing mass incarceration fueled by the criminalization of people who use drugs.
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Under their current policy, the league seems to be exhibiting a symptom of a larger, more national issue—the criminalization of marijuana, which is criminal itself since cannabis should be treated as a public health issue (28 states have now come around to the idea of medical marijuana use).
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A growing body of evidence demonstrates that H.I.V. criminalization statutes are making the epidemic worse, because of how they discourage people at risk from getting tested for H.I.V. (one can't be prosecuted if one doesn't know he or she has H.I.V.) and create mistrust of the public health system.
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Trans women, women of color, and trans women of color feel the effects of criminalization most acutely; many of them make up Decrim NY's steering committee and have spoken at the coalition's rallies about their brushes with arrest, incarceration, and abuse as a result of their work being criminalized.
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Thirty years later, evidence shows that the laws not only fail to slow the spread of HIV; they encourage it, in part because the prospect of criminalization scares people away from getting tested—that is, if they don't learn their status, they can't be accused of intentional transmission.
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A number of Juggalos recite this line — that no other band's fans have been linked to criminal activity the way they have been — which always feels like a bit of a blind spot when it comes to how the criminalization of rap music is used as a tool against black men.
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"It has been just over one year since Mayor de Blasio announced his e-bike crackdown in NYC, and delivery workers who use e-bikes still face criminalization for doing their jobs," read a statement from the Deliver Justice Coalition, which is made up of biking and immigrant rights groups.
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"It is obvious to sex workers that when we have fewer rights at work -- and any criminalization of sex work reduces our rights at work -- we are less able to protect ourselves from violence or to seek redress, and predators know we are easier targets," she wrote in an email.
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Sex workers' bodies are referred to as "vectors of disease" in public discourse and police officers allegedly rape sex workers before arresting them, even in the US. The criminalization of sex work in many countries, including in the US, has the effect of entrenching inequality and discrimination, according to Amnesty International.
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We must look carefully at the new industry we have created to make sure that the people and communities that bore the brunt of criminalization are not excluded from opportunity and inclusion due to prior arrests or convictions, or due to a lack of access to banking, capital, or property.
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The report concluded: [I]t is beyond dispute that the story of criminalization and mass incarceration in the United States is overwhelmingly one targeting black people, people of color, immigrants, people labeled with mental illness or addiction, and low-income people — including the LGBTQ people who share these identities or characteristics.
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Thankfully we also have organizations like Equality California, the ACLU, Positive Women's Network, and others who support medically and scientifically accurate information pertaining to HIV, and continue to work with members of the Californians for HIV Criminalization Reform (CHCR) coalition to ensure justice and empathy for people living with HIV.
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In 2018, Monique Morris, author of Pushout: The Criminalization of Black Girls in Schools, told Vox, "Many dress codes provide the opportunity for adults to police the bodies of Black girls," adding that administrators lean on racist stereotypes about black girls being more sexual and less feminine than girls of other races.
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In a moment where unarmed black victims of police violence are often blamed for their own deaths and where denials and deflections that result in the "criminalization of black corpses" have become commonplace, these reactions mirror a larger refusal to see the truth about inequality, racial segregation, systemic racism, and entrenched injustice.
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So far, the organizations receiving donations through Rage Donate include the Council on American-Islamic Relations in Arizona; Callisto, a tech-based group that works with sexual assault victims; Freedom of the Press Foundation; Define American, which advocates for immigrants' rights; and LIVE FREE, which works against the criminalization of people of color.
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"My concern is that, if prosecutors have the option to use a misdemeanor or a petty offense, there will be a lot more prosecutions of consensual sexters," says Amy Hasinoff, assistant professor of communication at the University of Colorado Denver and author of the book Sexting Panic: Rethinking Criminalization, Privacy, and Consent.
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The dissenting group are motivated by general concerns about over-criminalization—the feeling that our country places too many people in prison, gives too much power to prosecutors, and imposes too many collateral consequences, such as lifetime registration and the loss of voting rights, on convicted felons, and sex offenders in particular.
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"We've discovered 40 different kinds of laws that are potentially implicated when someone ends their own pregnancy," said Jill E. Adams, chief strategist of the Self-Induced Abortion Legal Team, a nonprofit consortium formed in 2015 to support advocates who legally share information on self-induced abortion and to halt its criminalization.
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"This example, one of many across our state, underscores the true promise of Proposition 64 – providing new hope and opportunities to Californians, primarily people of color, whose lives were long ago derailed by a costly, broken and racially discriminatory system of marijuana criminalization," California Lieutenant Governor Gavin Newsom said in a statement.
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"The Alliance Defending Freedom is a legal advocacy and training group that has supported the recriminalization of homosexuality in the U.S. and criminalization abroad; has defended state-sanctioned sterilization of trans people abroad; has linked homosexuality to pedophilia and claims that a 'homosexual agenda' will destroy Christianity and society," the SPLC says of the group.
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The organization says its goals are:Exposing tech's outsized role in criminal justice and immigration enforcement Educating communities about how to protect themselves against new forms of criminalization Taking direct action to confront corporate actorsOrganizing with tech workers and students to leverage their influence over Silicon ValleyTargeting specific companies with demands to end their collaborations.
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"Victims of anti-transgender violence are overwhelmingly transgender women of color, who live at the dangerous intersections of transphobia, racism, sexism, and criminalization which often lead to high rates of poverty, unemployment, and homelessness," GLAAD wrote, noting that almost all of the 21625 transgender people killed in U.S. in 2900 were women of color.
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If our goal is not a better system of mass criminalization, but instead the creation of safe, caring, thriving communities, then we ought to be heavily investing in quality schools, job creation, drug treatment and mental health care in the least advantaged communities rather than pouring billions into their high-tech management and control.
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"We know that this is a system, in particular around the criminalization of drug use and possession that has been infected by racial bias and we have to speak truth to that," she said, calling out the fact that the opioid epidemic is framed as a public health crisis, while the crack epidemic wasn't.
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I left my screening of the film wishing that the script had been used to focus on one problem — the interrogation of Miles' whiteness, the authenticity of his "hood" aesthetic, and his failure to be an ally to Collin — or the other: the constant re-criminalization and victimization of Black people by the American criminal justice system.
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The profiling and criminalization, which render blacks suspect in their everyday movements and actions; how blacks are treated differently than whites in custody, in court and in jail; and how black-white interactions are still determined by "the echoes of Jim Crow," as former Attorney General Eric Holder put it in his own talk at the convention.
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The effort to earn Salazar—for whom Van Auken served as campaign manager—the Democratic nomination for her state Senate seat involved organizing alongside a coalition of progressive groups, and furthering specific goals DSA wanted to achieve aside from simply electing Salazar to office, like pushing for tenants' rights and raising awareness around sex work criminalization.
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Feelings of powerlessness, guilt, and fear — plus real threats of violence, criminalization, and home loss faced by many poor people of color — conspire to push those on the ground to fight with and avoid one another, rather than working together to resist developers, unfavorable city agreements, and the racist policing and incarceration that are driving so much gentrification.
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In recent years, there has been a bipartisan acknowledgement that over-criminalization has brought far too many people into contact with the criminal justice system and with 1 in 2 adults in the United States having a family member in jail or prison, hurt far too many families and imposed lifelong collateral consequences that are punitive and counterproductive.
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And yet these villages are some of the most critical resistance work undertaken in response to the manifold crises converging on South Texas—the border wall, to be sure, but also the fracking, flaring, mining, and pipelining accelerating climate change, and the criminalization of largely Indigenous Central American asylum-seekers and the theft and internment of their children.
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After a century of a drug being demonized through movies like Reefer Madness, criminalization, and public officials (like US Attorney General Jeff Sessions, who said that "good people don't smoke marijuana"), much of the country is suddenly changing to thinking of pot not as an illicit substance but as a consumer product similar to beer or wine.
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During the interview on Thursday to discuss "Outrages: Sex, Censorship and the Criminalization of Love," a historical examination of same-sex relations in the Victorian era and the ways in which they were criminalized, she told the BBC Radio host, Matthew Sweet, that she found "several dozen executions" of men accused of having sex with other men.
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The protestors, who dressed in white, marched from D.C.'s Freedom Plaza this morning to the Department of Justice where they held a sit-in, are calling for immediate reunification of families who were separated at the border under President Trump's "zero tolerance" policy, as well as the end to all family detention and the criminalization of undocumented immigrants and asylum seekers.
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" Moreover, "hammering" on "abusers" of drugs is a huge part of why we continue to have such chaos and so much death associated with addiction: The biggest barrier to effectively preventing and treating addiction is the stigma associated with the disorder, which is exacerbated by the criminalization of certain types of drug use and the use of judgmental language like the word "abuser.
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Amnesty International is a massive, global human rights organization that has really thought about this and studied this; these celebrities are connected to anti-trafficking organizations, which have good intentions, and I don't like to discredit anybody's experience as a victim or anybody who's concerned about inequality — but [these organizations] fail to illustrate to these celebrities...that criminalization actually makes these inequalities worse.
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The decriminalization of sex work does not mean that all of a sudden, Amnesty International is pro-trafficking or pro-sex-slavery... They very clearly outline the harms of criminalization of both clients and sex workers and say, 'Here are the benefits of a decriminalized model: harm reduction, access to social services, decreased social stigma, which is so systemically violent.
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She alleged that Ireland's criminalization of the abortion services she needed were in violation of her human rights—specifically, that having to choose between continuing with a non-viable pregnancy or traveling abroad for treatment was in violation of Mellet's right to freedom from cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment under Article 7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
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This necessarily involves increasing equity and inclusion in the regulated marijuana market; reforming police practices pertaining to marijuana enforcement; decriminalizing marijuana for youth and young adults under age 21, so that a minor marijuana law violation no longer results in a young person getting entangled in the criminal justice system; and reinvesting marijuana tax revenues in the communities most harmed by marijuana criminalization.
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Examples of prosecutors using HIV criminalization laws to serve disproportionate sentences abound, from the case of Patrice Michelle Ginn, who was sentenced to prison for failing to disclose her status to a partner despite witness testimony to the contrary, to that of Willie Campbell, who is serving 35 years in prison for spitting in the eye and mouth of a police officer.
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The list is long: widely documented corruption, illegal changes to the Constitution, documented ties to drug traffickers, attacks on a free press, criminalization of peaceful protests, repeated violations of human rights by security forces, one of the highest crime rates in the world, manipulation of homicide statistics that affect Honduras's access to United States aid and a permissive attitude toward political assassinations.
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The measure, approved during a churchwide assembly in Milwaukee, pledges that in addition to providing shelter for undocumented immigrants, the ELCA could: -- Respond to raids, deportations and the "criminalization" of immigrants and refugees; -- Fight individual cases of deportation, press for the end of mass detentions and lift up immigrants' voices; -- Take "prophetic action" to extend "radical hospitality" to immigrants and immigrant communities.
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The HIV Howler's tagline, "transmitting art + activism," acutely describes how the paper gives artists a platform to speak on the issues' themes like "criminalization-medicalization," which juxtaposes how medical institutions villanize HIV/AIDS patients, but also gatekeeps access to medical treatment, and "mentor-mother," women healthcare workers living with HIV who educate positive mothers and pregnant women who may be raising a child with HIV.
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The president's first Supreme Court appointee, Neil Gorsuch, has already staked out a place well to the right of the conservative chief justice, John G. Roberts Jr. Should Mr. Trump have the chance to replace one of the five justices committed to upholding Roe — two of whom are in their 80s — we will once again see the widespread criminalization of abortion in this country.
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Based on the information that has been released so far, advocates argue that Jones's ordeal, in some ways, highlights another problem: the ways that mothers and expecting women — especially black women — deal with what a 2012 New York Times Magazine article called the "criminalization of 'bad mothers,'" the use of the justice system to prosecute women for things like miscarriages caused by drug misuse.
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The solution to the problem of the criminalization of politics, however, requires that a man who is as principled and as ethical and as professional as is Attorney General Jeff SessionsJefferson (Jeff) Beauregard SessionsDOJ should take action against China's Twitter propaganda Lewandowski says he's 'happy' to testify before House panel The Hill's Morning Report — Trump and the new Israel-'squad' controversy MORE stay on as the head of the Justice Department.
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To read this coverage, one might think that queer activists had organized en masse to get this one corporation to stop packaging its menstrual products with a symbol that could potentially suggest that only women have periods, which would make sense seeing as how the single greatest threat to the trans and nonbinary community—after, you know, violence, homelessness, sex work criminalization, health care access, and influencers—is whether commercial packaging makes us feel valid.
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