Levy: Abortion later in pregnancy is a very complex decision and, often, a very emotional one.
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The layers of random chance and complex decision-making are a nightmare for relatively lightweight video game AIs.
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Shaving the left side of my head was a complex decision... but it was also incredibly easy to make.
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Given that this requires fairly complex decision-making, how do the birds manage to navigate such a turbulent environment?
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A close group of 28 states, but not a federal state, it is hampered by its complex decision-making process.
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Playing video games may seem trivial, but it's a huge challenge for AI, requiring teamwork, long-term strategy, and complex decision-making.
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A computer can make a highly complex decision in an instant, but will we have confidence that it's making a just one?
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Hoffman says that using this software, researchers will be able to test their AI on all the complex decision-making the game demands.
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The plaintiffs added that families need time to consider together the "momentous" and "exceedingly complex" decision of how to proceed with their immigration cases.
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That's the metaphor of pickup versus the Cavaliers — you don't develop the operating rhythm with your peers across the government to manage complex decision-making.
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This compares to BP's 74,000 employees in hundreds of sites around the globe, all vying for budget allocation and embedded in complex decision-making structures.
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It also would require complex decision-making about what exactly those 20,000 to 30,000 personnel would do and what kind of support they would need.
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If the 28S and 28S Plus hit the market a month or two earlier, it might make buying a new iPhone in the fall an unusually complex decision.
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He said Piazza's parents were "processing a very complex decision in a very emotional time" but were "convinced" that the process would deliver "complete justice" for their family.
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"We thank our galleries for the support and understanding of our highly complex decision to postpone the fair," Marc Spiegler, global director of Art Basel, said in a statement Thursday.
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Almost two centuries later, even as everything else in the world has changed, the pros-versus-cons list remains perhaps the only regularly used technique for adjudicating a complex decision.
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The autonomous vehicle — equipped with a robust suite of sensors and computing power that allows for more complex decision making — is sharing its data with Digit long before it is deployed.
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Macron later told reporters that the membership bids could not progress until the EU, with its complex decision-making structures, changed - though he did not say how it must do so.
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In a complex decision, the justices found the explanations provided by the Trump administration for adding the question—that it needed the information to protect voting rights—simply did not hold water.
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Medicare now recognizes five levels of office visits, with Level 5 involving the most comprehensive medical history and physical examination of a patient, and the most complex decision making by the doctor.
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When you face a complex decision that requires a long period of deliberation, a decision whose consequences might last for years or even decades, you are no longer limited to Darwin's simple list.
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Moderators then use a complex decision tree to determine if a particular piece of content or an account should be removed, and they receive updates on how to interpret the guidelines every two weeks.
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Research into the behavior of protozoa such as the slime mold Physarum polycephalum (especially the work of Toshiyuki Nakagaki at Hokkaido University in Japan) suggests that these seemingly simple organisms are capable of complex decision-making and problem-solving within their environments.
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Between the lines: CMOs today are often at the helm of complex decision-making around new-age corporate problems, such as managing corporate tone during a social media crisis or deciding how much a company should leverage new digital technologies with unproven returns on investment for customer acquisitions.
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And something that I don't hear many loan companies talk about as much is that CommonBond has tried to make its sales team fit its demographic: "We hire people out of schools like Cornell and Duke to answer live chats and to simplify what can be a complex decision," Klein said.
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And Walden said it's too soon for Congress to wade into philosophical questions about the complex decision-making algorithms powering the forthcoming fleet of self-driving vehicles in the first place — questions like, does a self-driving Google Prius or Uber ride kill its owner in order to spare more lives?
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Broadly, his modeling focuses can be described as examining encoding models, decision rules, and probabilistic computations. In recent years, his work has focused on planning and thinking ahead in complex decision problems.
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Management science uses various scientific research-based principles, strategies, and analytical methods including mathematical modeling, statistics and numerical algorithms to improve an organization's ability to enact rational and meaningful management decisions by arriving at optimal or near optimal solutions to complex decision problems.
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Epigenetic differences in DNA methylation of the CpG islands proximal to the DLX1 gene correlated with the differing behavior. The authors of the twin study noted that despite the associations between epigenetic markers and differences personality traits, epigenetics cannot predict complex decision-making processes like career selection.
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D-Sight has developed different software products that all aim at supporting different complex decision-making processes. All products are distributed under the model of software as a service. The products are used in a wide variety of industries such as energy and natural resources, chemical and pharmaceutical, NGO and public , etc.
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Bandura, A.; Wood, R. (1989). "Effect of perceived controllability and performance standards on self-regulation of complex decision making". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56 (5), 805-814 In an educational setting self-efficacy refers to a student or teacher's confidence to participate in certain actions that will help them achieve distinct goals.
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We need to get him out of prison as soon as possible. When can we do it?""The Passion of Ken Cuccinelli", NewsMax Cuccinelli later said, "It was a complex decision, but it wasn't a hard decision." He also said, "It's hard to describe how painful it is to me that somebody would suffer what he has.
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In addition to social judgments, the dmPFC shows increased activation during complex decision making tasks. (Venkatraman, Rosati, Taren, & Huettel, 2009). Other studies have shown increased activation in the dmPFC when a person must decide between two equally-likely outcomes, as well as when a decision is counter to their behavioral tendencies (Pochon et al., 2008 and Paulus et al.
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The book also discusses the complex decision-making of Chairman Mao Zedong during the Taiwan Strait crisis. The preliminary negotiations began through the ambassadorial levels in Warsaw, Bucharest and Yahya Khan (Pakistan). In addition to pure history and discussion of foreign policy, the work is also something of a personal narrative of Kissinger's experiences in China.
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Concorde's technical leap forward boosted the public's understanding of conflicts between technology and the environment as well as awareness of the complex decision analysis processes that surround such conflicts. In France, the use of acoustic fencing alongside TGV tracks might not have been achieved without the 1970s controversy over aircraft noise. In the UK, the CPRE has issued tranquillity maps since 1990.
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But deciding on the parameters to be tested is a complex decision based on cost vs yield. If the device is a complex digital device, with thousands of gates, then test fault coverage has to be calculated. Here again, the decision is complex based on test economics, based on frequency, number and type of I/Os in the device and the end-use application...
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In the end, the students understand the "big picture" and a considerable number of its details. Not only that, but they understand the relation of the individual parts to the whole. By working hierarchically, they've gained a comprehensive understanding of anatomy. Similarly, when we approach a complex decision problem, we can use a hierarchy to integrate large amounts of information into our understanding of the situation.
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The writer and director have explained that choosing the title "Laggies" was a complex decision. Shelton said she had never heard the term before making the film, but that screenwriter Andrea Seigel insisted it was a common term for adult slackers. As the film was made, Shelton realized that no one but Seigel had heard of laggies before, but the title stuck. The film was released in the UK as Say When.
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Eliot R. Smith and Jamie DeCoster (2000) Personality and Social Psychology Review. Society for Personality and Social Psychology, 119 The heuristic and systematic processing then influence the domain of attitude change and social influence. Unconscious thought theory is the counterintuitive and contested view that the unconscious mind is adapted to highly complex decision making. Where most dual system models define complex reasoning as the domain of effortful conscious thought, UTT argues complex issues are best dealt with unconsciously.
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Hickling is a well-known lecturer and has authored 8 books, including the best-selling Planning Under Pressure: The Strategic Choice Approach, which provides planners, consultants, managers and students with practical ways to approach complex decision making. The SCA (Strategic Choice Approach) process is also implemented in a software tool called STRAD (Strategic Advisor). In addition, Hickling has written numerous papers and made many contributions to books and journals on the subject of planning and strategic choice.
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Preventing or treating the complete deafness that may befall individuals with NF2 requires complex decision making. The trend at most academic U.S. medical centers is to recommend treatment for the smallest tumor which has the best chance of preserving hearing. If this goal is successful, then treatment can also be offered for the remaining tumor. If hearing is not preserved at the initial treatment, then usually the second tumor, in the only-hearing ear, is just observed.
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Ernst Frederik ten Heuvelhof (born 1954 in Rotterdam)Prof.mr.dr. E.F. ten Heuvelhof hoogleraar Bestuurskunde , 9 Sept 1996, at Erasmus University website is a Dutch organizational theorist, and professor of public administration at the Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management of Delft University of Technology, and professor of public administration at Erasmus University Rotterdam. He is known for his work on process management, policy analysis and complex decision making.Mayer, Igor S., C. Els van Daalen, and Pieter WG Bots.
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Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill have thoroughly dominated the popular and scholarly writings, each stood atop a complex decision-making's does system that guaranteed inputs from military, diplomatic, business and public opinion. In terms of foreign-policy, Roosevelt for years had developed a system whereby he made all the major decisions.Warren F. Kimball, "Franklin D. Roosevelt and World War II," Presidential Studies Quarterly 34#1 (2004) pp 83-99. online Secretary of State, Cordell Hull was relegated to ceremonial roles.
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Sweden v. Yamaguchi, otherwise known as in the matter of Marianne Wilson, or in the matter of Mary Ann Vaughn, is a highly complex decision in international family law which touches on questions in law still unresolved over fifty years later. The formal name of the action was Israel Karl-Gustav Eugene Lagerfelt v. Yamaguchi Masakatsu and Yamaguchi Hideko, or Case of Demand for Delivery of an Infant, No. Wa-154, 1956 Yokohama District Court (Yokohama Chiho-saiban-sho), initiated February 22, 1956.
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Enterprise cognitive systems (ECS) are part of a broader shift in computing, from a programmatic to a probabilistic approach, called cognitive computing. An Enterprise Cognitive System makes a new class of complex decision support problems computable, where the business context is ambiguous, multi-faceted, and fast-evolving, and what to do in such a situation is usually assessed today by the business user. An ECS is designed to synthesize a business context and link it to the desired outcome. It recommends evidence-based actions to help the end-user achieve the desired outcome.
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Later on the activities of the PSU's were divergent, concentrating towards more non-core areas like hotels and consumer goods among others. Further, the public enterprises were used as tools for political and bureaucratic manipulation; which was consequential in low capacity utilization, reduced productivity, failure to innovate, and complex decision-making processes on vital issues of development. By the end of the 1980s, the growth of the PSE's had turned into, as expressed by some commentators, an "end in itself". These factors became an obstacle to the growth of India.
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Behavioral operations management (often called behavioral operations) examines and takes into consideration human behaviors and emotions when facing complex decision problems. It relates to the behavioral aspects of the use of operations research and operations management. In particular, it focuses on understanding behavior in, with and beyond models. The general purpose is to make better use and improve the use of operations theories and practice, so that the benefits received from the potential improvements to operations approaches in practice, that arise from recent findings in behavioral sciences, are realized.
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A clinical nurse specialist (CNS) is an advanced practice nurse who can provide expert advice related to specific conditions or treatment pathways. According to the International Council of Nurses (ICN), an Advanced Practice Nurse is a registered nurse who has acquired the expert knowledge base, complex decision-making skills and clinical competencies for expanded practice, the characteristics of which are shaped by the context and/or country in which s/he is credentialed to practice."Definition and Characteristics of the Role". International Council of Nurses (ICN) International Nurse Practitioner/Advanced Practice Nursing Network.
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Researchers Ap Dijksterhuis, Maarten W. Bos, Loran F. Nordgren, and Rick B. van Baaren tested this hypothesis in a series of studies measuring choice quality and post-choice satisfaction after participants used conscious and unconscious deliberation. The studies supported the deliberation-without- attention effect: conscious thinkers were better able to make normatively more desirable choices between simple products, but unconscious thinkers were better able to choose between complex products. Furthermore, after making a complex decision, conscious thinkers were less likely to be satisfied with their choice than unconscious thinkers.
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This is said to give customers increased consumer power through Internet access to product information and competitive pricing. Companies therefore can no longer rely on traditional models of "push marketing" in which a product’s positive attributes may mask unsuitable characteristics. For customers wanting to make an informed decision on a complex decision purchase, trust-based marketing is claimed to provide consumers with unbiased advice. The theory is that in competitive markets, companies need to approach their customers with respect and acknowledge that product and competitor information is easily accessible.
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The other branches of the family filed petitions at the Samoa Land and Titles Court claiming the bestowal invalid in breach of Samoan law. In June 2008, the court agreed and ruled the bestowal of the Malietoa title upon the son illegal, highlighting the unique nature of matai selection based on consensus, merit, custom and due process rather than automatic hereditary selection. Other cultural factors can also play a part in the complex decision making process including seniority in age (an important factor in Samoan society), leadership qualities, oratory and an individual's ability to contribute to the family's overall circumstances and well-being.
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The neomammalian brain is one of three aspects of Paul MacLean's Triune Theory of the human brain. MacLean was an American physician and neuroscientist who formulated his model in the 1960s, which was published in his own 1990 book The Triune Brain in Evolution. MacLean's three-part theory explores how the human brain has evolved from ancestors over millions of years, consisting of the reptilian, paleomammalian and neomammalian complexes. MacLean proposes that the neomammalian complex is only found in higher order mammals, for example, the human brain, accounting for increased cognitive ability such as motor control, memory, improved reasoning and complex decision-making.
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The homogenization of neighborhoods along ethnic or sectarian lines may also contribute to the reluctance on the part of former inhabitants to return to the communities from which they fled. The quality of life in Iraq has decreased dramatically since 2003 and therefore economic and livelihood factors also play a major role in the complex decision-making processes of displaced Iraqis. Unemployment is endemic in Iraq and many IDPs, particularly women, do not have adequate access to employment opportunities. Many have also had their homes destroyed or occupied by others and must find alternative sources of shelter for themselves and their families.
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The terms management science and decision science are sometimes used as synonyms. Employing techniques from other mathematical sciences, such as mathematical modeling, statistical analysis, and mathematical optimization, operations research arrives at optimal or near- optimal solutions to complex decision-making problems. Because of its emphasis on human-technology interaction and because of its focus on practical applications, operations research has overlap with other disciplines, notably industrial engineering and operations management, and draws on psychology and organization science. Operations research is often concerned with determining the extreme values of some real-world objective: the maximum (of profit, performance, or yield) or minimum (of loss, risk, or cost).
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She has also shown that people who gamble have increased levels of dopamine in their brains, whilst people who are addicted to drugs have average or lower than normal levels of dopamine. She used her expertise in decision making to show that dominant individuals are avid social learners; whilst they value their independence, they rely on social learning in complex decision making tasks. She is interested in advancing understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders, including impulse control disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Parkinson's disease. She demonstrated that people suffering from schizophrenia have motivation deficits from very early stages of their diagnoses, which are unrelated to their treatments.
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Management science (MS) is the broad interdisciplinary study of problem solving and decision making in human organizations, with strong links to management, economics, business, engineering, management consulting, and other fields. It uses various scientific research-based principles, strategies, and analytical methods including mathematical modeling, statistics and numerical algorithms to improve an organization's ability to enact rational and accurate management decisions by arriving at optimal or near optimal solutions to complex decision problems. Management science helps businesses to achieve goals using various scientific methods. The field was initially an outgrowth of applied mathematics, where early challenges were problems relating to the optimization of systems which could be modeled linearly, i.e.
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The temporal lobes, which contain centers for language processing, have increased disproportionately, as has the prefrontal cortex, which has been related to complex decision-making and moderating social behavior. Encephalization has been tied to increased meat and starches in the diet, and the development of cooking, and it has been proposed that intelligence increased as a response to an increased necessity for solving social problems as human society became more complex. Changes in skull morphology, such as smaller mandibles and mandible muscle attachments, allowed more room for the brain to grow. The increase in volume of the neocortex also included a rapid increase in size of the cerebellum.
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Decision sight distance is used when drivers must make decisions more complex than stop or don't stop. It is longer than stopping sight distance to allow for the distance traveled while making a more complex decision. The decision sight distance is "distance required for a driver to detect an unexpected or otherwise difficult-to-perceive information source or hazard in a roadway environment that may be visually cluttered, recognize the hazard or its threat potential, select an appropriate speed and path, and initiate and complete the required maneuver safely and efficiently".American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (1994) A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (pp.
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In 1967 Stafford Beer characterized the field of management science as "the business use of operations research".Stafford Beer (1967) Management Science: The Business Use of Operations Research Like operational research itself, management science (MS) is an interdisciplinary branch of applied mathematics devoted to optimal decision planning, with strong links with economics, business, engineering, and other sciences. It uses various scientific research-based principles, strategies, and analytical methods including mathematical modeling, statistics and numerical algorithms to improve an organization's ability to enact rational and meaningful management decisions by arriving at optimal or near optimal solutions to complex decision problems. Management scientists help businesses to achieve their goals using the scientific methods of operational research.
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PQ 17 left Hvalfjörður on 27 June 1942 but it was not detected by the advance patrol. No warning of PQ 17 was raised until 1 July, when it was spotted by U-456 of Eisteufel; by this time the convoy was already past Jan Mayen Island, and was closing with QP-13. With the complex decision- making process binding Rösselsprung no move was made until 2 July; Tirpitz, Hipper and four destroyers left Trondheim at 20:00 on 2 July, while Lutzow and Scheer with their five destroyers left Narvik at 12:30 on the 3rd. These journeys were taken through channels between the Norwegian Islands and the main coastline, sometimes known as the Western Leads.
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A Tiananmen Journal: Republic on the Square (in Chinese: 六四日記：廣場上的共和國) by Feng Congde (封从德) was first published in May 2009 in Hong Kong. This book records the Tiananmen protest of 1989 from April 15, 1989, to June 4, 1989, in detail. Author Feng Congde is one of the student leader in the protest and his day-by- day diary entries, record every activity during the protest including the start of student protests in Peking University, the activities of major student leaders, important events, and unexposed stories about student organizations and their complex decision making. The content of A Tiananmen Journal is based on Feng's Memo of 1989 Student Protests (), first drafted in 1990.
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The increase in volume over time has affected different areas within the brain unequally—the temporal lobes, which contain centers for language processing have increased disproportionately, as has the prefrontal cortex which has been related to complex decision making and moderating social behavior. Encephalization has been tied to an increasing emphasis on meat in the diet, or with the development of cooking, and it has been proposed that intelligence increased as a response to an increased necessity for solving social problems as human society became more complex. The reduced degree of sexual dimorphism is primarily visible in the reduction of the male canine tooth relative to other ape species (except gibbons). Another important physiological change related to sexuality in humans was the evolution of hidden estrus.
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The multilayer, cross-connected signal collection and propagation structure typical of neural network models, where weights govern the contribution of signals to each connection, allow very small models to perform rather complex decision-making tasks at high fidelity. In principle, such models are capable of modeling decision making that takes account of human needs and motivations within social contexts, and suggest their consideration in a theory and practice of cognitive bias mitigation. Challenges to realizing this potential: accumulating the considerable amount of appropriate real world 'training sets' for the neural network portion of such models; characterizing real-life decision-making situations and outcomes so as to drive models effectively; and the lack of direct mapping from a neural network's internal structure to components of the human reasoning mechanism.
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Without a get, no new marriage will be recognized, and any child she might have with another man would be considered a mamzer (illegitimate). It is sometimes possible for a woman to receive special dispensation from a posek (halakhic authority), called a heter agunah, based on a complex decision supported by substantial evidence that her husband is presumed dead, but this cannot be applied if the husband is clearly alive. Because of the difficulty for women in such situations, it has been a task for every generation of halakhic authorities to try to find halakhically acceptable means to permit such women to remarry. In the past it was not uncommon, due to the danger of travel and primitive means of communication, for people leaving home never to be heard of again; consequently rabbis often had had to deal with this issue.
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In September 2016, IBM announced plans to acquire Promontory, citing its status as “the firm financial institutions turned to for guidance coming out of the 2008 financial crisis.” The transaction was completed in November 2016, and the firm— renamed Promontory Financial Group, an IBM Company—became a wholly owned subsidiary of IBM with Ludwig remaining at the helm.IBM news release, “IBM announces planned acquisition of Promontory to transform regulatory compliance with Watson,” September 29, 2016. IBM, describing Promontory’s expertise in regulation, risk, and compliance as “unsurpassed,” said Promontory’s team of 600 professionals would train IBM’s Watson cognitive computing system to understand a massive volume of regulations and compliance requirements. By harnessing this information, Watson—which combines artificial intelligence with analytical software to support complex decision-making—could accelerate financial institutions’ ability to understand regulatory changes and obligations and address compliance requirements, IBM said.
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In light of the difference in capacity between CT and UT, Dijksterhuis used a series of five experiments to test two hypotheses about the decision-making process of unconscious thought. The first hypothesis was that in complex decision making, being able to use UT will lead to better decisions than when one makes decisions immediately and is unable to use UT; the second was that when making complex decisions, users of only UT will outperform users of a combination of UT and CT. The standard UTT experimental paradigm is as follows: # Subjects are instructed to perform the complex task of "forming an impression" of four decision objects (e.g., apartments, potential roommates, or cars – things for which one must consider many variables). # Subjects are presented with a set of normatively positive or negative descriptive attributes for each object (For example, two positive attributes are: Apartment 2 is in the city center and, Apartment 3 is fairly large).
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