Lawns need to be mowed, air filters changed, windows caulked and appliances repaired.
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Check on the condition of your mechanicals and make sure your windows and doors are properly caulked.
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The poop deck is being repaired traditionally, using wooden planks caulked with cotton and oakum then sealed with pitch.
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The famous castle ruins loom high on the mountainside, a centuries-old mosaic caulked with moss and tiny plants.
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With hardboard on the ceiling and everything painted white, the father spray-foamed and caulked up all the leftover seams and cracks.
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He added weatherstripping on windows and doors, caulked cracks, put plastic sheets over some windows, switched to LED and CFL bulbs and closed up the gap in a basement door.
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Moving a blob of gel cleanser around on your mug for 603 seconds does not remove the caulked mixture of silicone-laced foundation, sweat, sebum, and whatever has been drifting down from the office vent.
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The original loft floor of timber remains, caulked with oakum and bitumen.
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The joint between the frame and parging should be caulked and will have to be inspected periodically.
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Forrer, Neptunia 202, p.15 By mid-July, the framing was completed. By mid-September, the hull was caulked.
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These homes are poorly caulked and weatherstripped or, more importantly, have poor insulation in their ceilings, walls and floors.
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Typically, planking was caulked with a tar-impregnated yarn made from manila or hemp to make the planking watertight. Starting in the mid-19th century, iron was used first for the hull structure and later for its watertight sheathing.
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Second, the reflecting pool leaked. Two sources of leaks were determined. One was that the grout at the pool bottom had cracked, forcing the pool to be drained and caulked in places. The second cause of leaks was inoperative filters.
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Retrieved April 23, 2014. of cargo. The seams in the body of the wagon were caulked with tar to protect them from leaking while crossing rivers. Also for protection against bad weather, a tough white canvas cover was stretched across the wagon.
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According to John Guy, curator of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the book "describes the ships of foreign merchants as being stitched together with the fiber of coir-palms and having their seams caulked rather than using iron nails to secure their planks".
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It is commonly made from thick marine lauan plywood attached to ribs and caulked with epoxy. Tempel can also be made from fiberglass, though wood is preferred. Tempel are larger than the junkung but smaller than the kumpit. They are usually used as cargo ships.
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Warships of the age of sail were highly vulnerable to fire. Made of wood, with seams caulked with tar, ropes greased with fat, and stores of gunpowder, there was little that would not burn. Accidental fires destroyed many ships, so fire ships presented a terrifying threat.
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The cracks were caulked with what they had available. Together, they formed a ferry-like raft to transport their families, their livestock, and household goods across the river. The Geary's had started out with the Oatman family. The Oatman's had been warned the Indians were on the warpath.
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If one of the sloops disappear – follow the instructions. On November 8, a leak opened on the board of "Vostok", which could not be localized and caulked until the end of the voyage. On November 17, 1820, travellers reached Macquarie where they observed rookery of elephant seals and penguins.
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The Chapel closed in September 2019 for a $158 million renovation and restoration project needed to address water damage. Netsch's original plans included a series of rain gutters just underneath the aluminum exterior of the Chapel's spires, but these were not built due to budget constraints, and the seams between the panels were caulked instead. Though the seams were repeatedly re-caulked over the years, decades of leaks left extensive water damage to the main floor. During the renovation, an enormous temporary "hangar" will be built over the existing structure; workers will then remove the aluminum panels and stained glass, install the originally- designed rain gutters, then replace all the panels and glass.
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On 2 September 1633 , the big Cibali fire broke out, burning a fifth of the city. The fire started during the day when a caulker burned the shrub and the ship caulked into the walls. The fire, which spread from three branches to the city. One arm lowered towards the sea.
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They called the island Tuquan in the Chumash language, and for many centuries, they built and used sophisticated canoes, called tomols, made from sewn planks caulked with asphaltum (bitumen). In tomols, they fished and hunted in island waters and participated in active trade with their neighbors on the other islands and mainland.
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The openings between these plancks were 3 cm wide, starting 11 cm from the top, and were filled with moss. On the surface the seams were caulked shut. A third layer of 31 cm thick planks was laid on top of this, in the same direction as the pines of the first layer.
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Then you had > to remove them, of course. Tacoma was worse. You had the splinters and knots > and all, but to save on lumber they had spaced out the 2x4s and caulked them > with some mixture of tar and crushed rock. When Tacoma began to go it was > like a meteor shower.
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241 She was built of green timber, caulked with cotton and leaked like a sieve. Despite her three rudders, her stern wheel made her difficult to steer.Still, pp. 148–149 The casemate had eight gun ports, two in the bow face and three on each side, although only three guns were mounted in the ship.
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Additionally, Nevas upper deck was caulked, and rotten boards on the tank were replaced. For that, Lisyansky was issued with other 1,159 piastres. Nevertheless, lower decks and holds of both of the ships were damp, condensation accumulated even in the messes. To prevent it, even in good weather, the crews opened hatches and ventilated the premises.
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These boats are made single log that was hollowed out. Even a large warboat, 90 feet (27 m) long, is made from the trunk of one tree. Planks or gunwales are stitched on the sides, and the seams are caulked, to render the boat watertight. The planks are bound together with rattan, which makes them easy to disassemble.
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Lewis, 1937, pp. 50–51.MacKenzie, 1846, pp. 120–121. On September 10, 1804, Commodore Barron arrived at Tripoli with two ships, President and Constellation, whereupon Commodore Preble relinquished command of his blockading squadron to him. Before returning to the United States he sailed to Malta in Constitution on September 14, so it could be caulked and refitted.
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Handles are mostly long and may be caulked or round. Longer handles are sometimes used for heavier patterns, making the tool double-handed. The blade and handle are usually linked by a tang passing through the handle, but sometimes a socket that encloses the blade. Some styles of billhook have scalesFor an explanation of the term "scales" see straight razor#Parts description.
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In addition to that, from December 26, 1803, to January 22, 1804, the main grotto was also replaced. During that time, vessel was unloaded, pulled ashore, and thoroughly caulked. Rotten boards and fairleads in the sides and decks were replaced as well. Suitable mahogany was found in the island's forests, but it was very difficult to deliver it to the harbour for processing.
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Finally, the seams were caulked with 'yop', a mixture of hard tar and pine pitch melted and then boiled. A crossplank at midship reinforced the boat and functioned as a seat. Another coat of 'yop' was used to waterproof the boat, followed by a coat of red ochre paint, followed by a final coat of sealant. Shell mosaics were often added as decorations.
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She is not damaged. In making > for the Northern Pacific dock when she entered the harbor Sunday morning, > the barge Chamberlain ran clear through the middle of the wagon bridge > between that dock and the Northwest Coal docks. The bridge was impassible > yesterday, but the barge was not injured. In 1885 Selah Chamberlain received new upper decks and was re-caulked.
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The timber floor of the first floor is still caulked with oakham and bitumen. Windows are double-hung sashes, with six panes to each sash. Parts of the hoisting facilities remain. The chapel features polished cedar furnishings and joinery, mosaics, memorial plaques, stained glass windows commemorating RAN ships and personnel, and a pulpit in the shape of a ship's bow.
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Late concrete panels often were made with metal-framed "armored prisms", which were intended to prevent breakage and make replacing individual prisms easier. The glass is not cast into the concrete but caulked into the frame. Rather than chiselling out the old glass, the glass can be popped out of the frame. Translucent concrete has also been proposed as a floor material.
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Man applying caulk to baseboard Caulk or (less frequently) caulkingMerriam- Webster Dictionary s.v. is a material used to seal joints or seams against leakage in various structures and piping. The oldest form of caulk consisted of fibrous materials driven into the wedge-shaped seams between boards on wooden boats or ships. Cast iron sewerage pipe were formerly caulked in a similar way.
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The walls are made up of vertical timber slabs which have been split. The hardwood slabs have been crudely thinned at each end and are fixed with original "Ewbank" nails (produced from 1838–70). The walls have been painted with multiple layers of limewash. The gaps between the timber slabs have been caulked with a lime putty made from slaked rock lime.
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It was designed to help keep its contents from moving about when in motion and to aid it in crossing rivers and streams, though it sometimes leaked unless caulked. Most covered wagons used in the westward expansion of the United States were not Conestoga wagons but rather ordinary farm wagons fitted with canvas covers, as true Conestoga wagons were too heavy for the prairies.
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Benjamin Franklin wrote in a 1787 letter that "as these vessels are not to be laden with goods, their holds may without inconvenience be divided into separate apartments, after the Chinese manner, and each of these apartments caulked tight so as to keep out water." A 19th century book on shipbuilding attributes the introduction of watertight bulkheads to Charles Wye Williams, known for his steamships.
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They had developed a complex and rich maritime culture based on ocean fishing, hunting, and gathering. They called the island Tuquan in the Chumash language. For many centuries, they built and used sophisticated canoes, called tomols, made from sewn planks caulked with asphaltum (bitumen). In tomols, they fished and hunted in island waters and participated in active trade with their neighbors on the other islands and the mainland.
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In 1979, in a move deplored by the National Trust, the curved windows were removed from the front of the building. The sandstone facing was also cleaned and re-caulked with silicone. The Shortland County Council occupied the building until 1987, when the Council moved operations to Wallsend. In 1989, the building was used by Newcastle FM radio and by Suters Architects Snell, using the ground floor in 1990.
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Queequeg tries it for size, with Pip sobbing and beating his tambourine, standing by and calling himself a coward while he praises Queequeg for his gameness. Yet Queequeg suddenly rallies, briefly convalesces, and leaps up, back in good health. Henceforth, he uses his coffin for a spare seachest, which is later caulked and pitched to replace the Pequods life buoy. The Pequod sails northeast toward Formosa and into the Pacific Ocean.
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The buildings, once all painted white in a bid for elegance, were redone in bright colors. On the night before opening day, an attraction called Hell Gate, in which visitors took a boat ride on rushing waters through dim caverns, was undergoing last-minute repairs by a roofing company owned by Samuel Engelstein. A leak had to be caulked with tar. During these repairs, at about 1:30 a.m.
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This was caulked watertight to the watertight cabin sole (floor) and thus, and floated when the planking got a leak. To minimize pitching to give the boats an easier motion and keep the deck dry, the ballast was concentrated midships, and anchor windlass and chain placed aft of the mast. The rig was ketch (two mast) with a relatively short mast and very small mizzen. In a strong wind, they normally sailed with main and staysail only, often reefed.
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Termite sealant materials are the basic component of termite membranes described above. Sealants are elastomeric, meaning they move with the structure without tearing, and are available in a caulk or spreadable formulation. When caulked around a plumbing penetration in a structure, termite sealant barriers adhere to both the pipe and the concrete. As the structure moves during settling or due to expansive soils, the sealant barrier material maintains a barrier impenetrable by termites and other insects.
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From there, they continued on the St. Johns to Lake Harney where the boat was loaded on a wagon and hauled about 12 miles to Sand Point (today's Titusville) on the Indian River. They reached the river by May 31, but as they followed its course southward, they had to drag the boat across the river's mudflats and sandbars. They stopped at the John C. Houston place on Elbow Creek (Melbourne), where their boat was brought ashore and caulked.
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Opponents step onto a floating log, cuff it to start the roll, spin it rapidly in the water with their feet, stop or snub it suddenly by digging into the log with special caulked birling shoes and a reverse motion to maneuver their adversaries off balance and into the water, a feat called 'wetting'. Dislodging an opponent constitutes a fall. The cardinal rule of logrolling is 'never take your eyes off your opponent's feet'. The referee starts each match.
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The sail loft was converted into a chapel in 1902, with stained glass windows installed from the original chapel, which had been built in 1891. The original loft floor of timber remains caulked with oakum and bitumen, access being by exterior timber stairs. Facades have recessed bays. The Chapel incorporates a unique stained glass commemorative window to Australia's first two submarines, AE1 and AE2, based at the Island and lost at Rabaul (1914) and near Gallipoli (1915) respectively.
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Attempting to control the cluster fly by controlling their earthworm host is not recommended or effective since flies may originate from more than a mile away from the infestation site. Once Pollenia rudis enters a home, it is almost impossible to kill enough of the flies to fully eradicate them. In order to prevent cluster flies from entering a house, all exterior cracks and openings should be caulked or sealed. This includes (sealing) light fixtures, electrical outlets, windows, and baseboards.
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In competition opponents step onto a floating log, cuff it to start the roll, spin it rapidly in the water with their feet, stop or snub it suddenly by digging into the log with special caulked birling shoes and a reverse motion to maneuver their adversaries off balance and into the water, a feat called 'wetting'. Dislodging an opponent constitutes a fall. The cardinal rule of logrolling is 'never take your eyes off your opponent's feet'. The referee starts each match.
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Downspouts (downpipes, rain conductors or leaders) are used to convey rainwater from roof gutters to the ground through hollow pipes or tubes. These tubes usually come in sections, joined by inserting the male end (often crimped with a special tool to slightly reduce its size) into the female end of the next section. These connections are usually not sealed or caulked, instead relying on gravity to move the rainwater from the male end and into the receiving female connection located directly below.
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The Mary Rose was kept in reserve from 1522 to 1545. She was once more caulked and repaired in 1527 in a newly dug dock at Portsmouth and her longboat was repaired and trimmed. Little documentation about the Mary Rose between 1528 and 1539 exists. A document written by Thomas Cromwell in 1536 specifies that the Mary Rose and six other ships were "made new" during his service under the king, though it is unclear which years he was referring to and what "made new" actually meant.
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Underwater patching is almost always done by divers. As much patch fabrication and rigging as possible should be done out of the water to minimise diving time. Small leaks are generally sealed off and made watertight by wooden plugs and wedges, small wooden patches and concrete boxes, small steel plate patches or combinations of these, caulked and sometimes additionally sealed with epoxy resin or fire- reinforced resins. Small steel patches for minor leaks are usually fitted with gasket material to seal against the damaged hull.
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Captain James Cook sailed from Plymouth on 12 July 1776. Clerke in the Discovery was delayed in London and did not follow until 1 August. On the way to Cape Town the Resolution stopped at Tenerife to top up on supplies. The ship reached Cape Town on 17 October and Cook immediately had it re-caulked because it had been leaking very badly, especially through the main deck. When the Discovery arrived on 10 November she was also found to be in need of re- caulking.
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The frigate was constructed at Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard in Kingston, Upper Canada. The construction of the vessel did result in the resignation of George Record, who was the master shipwright at Kingston and the frigate was built under private contract. Shortages of men and material at the shipyard led to construction delays. By January 1814, the frigate was completely planked and by February, had been caulked. Prince Regent was launched on 14 April 1814, a half hour after , the other frigate under construction.
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They did however still have some charts—they were able to establish that they were drifting toward Fiji—some canned-meat and canned-fruits, and the remainder of the cargo of lumber. They also had 800 gallons of fresh water on board. Captain D. O. Killman and the other ten members of the crew built two makeshift scows, using wood from the cargo and nails and other materials that they retrieved from the ship. They caulked the scows using rope and molten beeswax and made some sails.
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Marsden described the ship as having a carvel-built hull caulked with hazel twigs, mast-step and thick floors secured with nails. On the ship, a bronze votive coin of the Emperor Domitian was found in the mast of the ship. In addition, it was discovered that the ship was wrecked while carrying cargo that consisted of of Kentish ragstone, a type of building stone. With further findings about the area of operation of the ship, Marsden suggested Blackfriars I was used for constructions purposes.
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At the peak of the floods a horse wagon was caulked up and used as a raft to take supplies to higher ground. Herbert Hughes died in 1892 in Adelaide, where he had long resided. The property was managed by a board of trustees until at least 1904; after that time the property was being run by John Maddock Hughes. In 1901 drought struck much of south west Queensland with thousands of cattle dying of thirst at many properties. Nockatunga lost an estimated 27,897 cattle from a herd of approximately 30,000.
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Above the orlop lay the main deck which housed the heaviest guns. The side of the hull on the main deck level had seven gunports on each side fitted with heavy lids that would have been watertight when closed. This was also the highest deck that was caulked and waterproof. Along the sides of the main deck there were cabins under the forecastle and sterncastle which have been identified as belonging to the carpenter, barber-surgeon, pilot and possibly also the master gunner and some of the officers.
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Sewn birchbark panels were employed by the native North Americans of the Upper Great Lakes for a wide variety of purposes; the best-known, and one which required among the highest degree of craftsmanship, was the manufacture of light canoes. Panels of bark, sewn together with watap and caulked with tree resin, could be used to create a vessel that would resist leakage to the point of being almost waterproof. The watap could also be used as part of the joinery for the structural elements of the canoe.Birk, Douglas A. March 1975.
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The construction of a Thames pleasure punt The bottom of the punt is made with long, narrow planks stretching fore and aft, attached to the flat sides and the treads. To allow the wood to swell when it gets wet, the planks are set a small distance apart (traditionally the width of an old penny, about 1–2 mm). The gaps are caulked; this caulking normally needs to be renewed annually. The treads are attached to the sides with small wooden "knees", which may be vertical or set at an angle.
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To build them, they used planks of driftwood pine that were sewn together with vegetable fiber cord, edge to edge, and then glued with the tar that was available either from the La Brea Tar Pits, or as asphalt that had washed up on shore from offshore oil seeps. The finished vessel was caulked with plant fibers and tar, stained with red ochre, and sealed with pine pitch. The te'aat, as noted by the Sebastián Vizcaíno expedition, could hold up to 20 peopleMcCawley 1996, pp. 123–125 as well as their gear and trade goods.
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The former was only slightly damaged, but the latter had a hole punched in its hull. Water poured in and the ship took on a list of 8° and nearly capsized before other ships in the harbor could use their pumps to reduce the flooding. The ship's watertight bulkheads proved to be poorly caulked and sealed and the commission that investigated the accident recommended that the bulkheads be tested during construction by intentionally flooding them. The Navy ignored this recommendation, which directly led to the loss of the coast-defense ship in 1897.
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Once the planks were bent, fitted and lashed together the heart of dry tule rush was forced into the cracks between the planks on the outside of the canoe hull to act as caulking. All seams between planks, plank ends and holes for cords or thongs were then caulked with 'yop', a mixture of hard tar and pine pitch melted and then boiled. In many respects their boat construction technique mirrored that utilized for making small wooden boats around the world. The lack of metal tools and fasteners forced them to use Stone Age tools and materials.
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The Anfibio Verese was designed by Angelo Mori and built by the Tommaso Dal Molin Gliding Group in the grounds of a primary school in Varese. It was a high-wing monoplane, its two spar wing supported centrally on a fuselage pedestal and braced on each side with a faired V-strut from the spars near mid-span to the lower fuselage. It was mounted with some dihedral and in plan was rectangular with blunt tips. The Anfibio Varese had a caulked plywood covered, hexagonal section fuselage with an open cockpit immediately ahead of the wing pedestal.
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The report had been written in July, about events the previous month during the Dunkirk evacuation. A paddle steamer had been hit by shells and bullets, but with remarkably few casualties. A marginal note read: Terrell found that the worn-out ship had been heavily caulked with Insulphate, a slightly elastic compound of asphalt filled with small bits of cork. Insulphate was a popular solution to the problem of coping with the flexing of a ship that was old or that was now being used in waters rougher than those for which she was originally designed.
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On 11 March, Anaqua again stood out to sea and arrived back at Tiburon safely and took on a load of amphibious gear before sailing for Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. During her voyage across the eastern Pacific, the ship experienced several steering engine failures. She reached Pearl Harbor on 26 March, unloaded her net gear, and entered a drydock at the Pearl Harbor Navy Yard where, in addition to repair of her steering system, her hull was re- caulked to eliminate persistent leaks. Anaqua resumed operations late in May, took on a cargo, and, on 25 May, sailed for the Mariana Islands.
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He commissioned John Rudyard (or Rudyerd) to design the new lighthouse, built as a conical wooden structure around a core of brick and concrete. The vertical wooden planks which sheathed the structure were installed by two master-shipwrights and caulked like those of a ship; and the whole structure was anchored to the reef using thirty-six wrought iron bolts forged to fit deep holes which had been machine-cut in the reef.Contemporary illustrations with description by Rudyerd. A light was first shone from the tower on 28 July 1708 and the work was completed in 1709.
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They did not possess outriggers or sails and were propelled solely by paddling. They were built by fitting planks edge-to-edge which are then "sewn" together and caulked with a paste made from the nut of the tree Parinarium laurinum. They could carry 30 to 50 warriors, and were used in raiding expeditions for slaves or for headhunting. They were characteristically crescent-shaped, with sharply upturned prows and sterns (reaching up to high) that were decorated with fringes of cowrie shells, nautilus shells, and mother-of-pearl, as well as intricate carvings (Roviana: nguzunguzu; Marovo: toto isu).
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" In the meantime, the construction of the Rainbow had progressed steadily. > "The clamps being ready, the deck beams were placed according to the > original drawings, the framing of the decks completed, hatches and mast > partners framed, channels and mast-steps secured; the masts and yards were > also made and the ship planked and caulked by the time the important > despatches arrived." > "They were examined by the port-captain, Mr. Aspinwall was informed that > they were all right, and the port-captain was requested to give the > information to the builders, which, of course, was done. The ship, however, > was finished without the slightest alteration from the original plans.
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Page from the 1939 Nash–Fussells catalogue, showing a variety of types of bill hook with caulked handles The blade is usually made from a medium-carbon steel in varying weights and lengths, but typically long. Blades are straight near the handle but have an increasingly strong curve towards the end. The blade is generally sharpened only on the inside of the curve, but double-edged billhooks, or "broom hooks", also have a straight secondary edge on the back. The blade is fixed to a wooden handle, in Europe usually made from ash due to its strength and ability to deal with repeated impact.
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McNish used the mast of another of the boats, the Stancomb Wills, to strengthen the keel and build up the small 22 foot (6.7 m) long boat, so it would withstand the seas during the 800 mile (1480 km) trip. He caulked it using a mixture of seal blood and flour, and, using wood and nails taken from packing cases and the runners of the sledges, he built a makeshift frame which was then covered with canvas. Shackleton was worried the boat "bore a strong likeness to stage scenery", only giving the appearance of sturdiness. He later admitted that the crew could not have lived through the voyage without it.
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West reports using sails at various times in 1900 and 1902. Captain West could not obtain a passenger license for the ship without having her re-caulked, so the small number of passengers were signed as crew members. She went up to Nome carrying expedition equipment and general cargo and from about June 3–10 was occupied with the rescue and salvage of the barkentine Catherine Sudden, which had suffered a punctured hull and two broken masts hitting ice.WestStandard Marine...The Catherine Sudden A little later she set out on a prospecting expedition to Cape Chaplino and stopped at St Lawrence Island about June 17.
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Integration with the setting extends even to small details. For example, where glass meets stone walls no metal frame is used; rather, the glass and its horizontal dividers were run into a caulked recess in the stonework so that the stone walls appear uninterrupted by glazing. From the cantilevered living room, a stairway leads directly down to the stream below, and in a connecting space which connects the main house with the guest and servant level, a natural spring drips water inside, which is then channeled back out. Bedrooms are small, some with low ceilings to encourage people outward toward the open social areas, decks, and outdoors.
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The sewer used brickwork sealed with Portland cement and caulked with rope, and was of an egg-shaped section, as pioneered by John Roe, which made them self-cleaning. Ventilators were constructed every or so, which were covered with metal gratings where the sewer ran beneath streets, and disguised by bushes where it ran through parks. This removed much of the threat of water-borne diseases such as cholera from the poorer areas of Edinburgh, and in 1889, a second, deeper interceptor sewer was constructed. It reached as far as Balerno, some to the south-west of the city centre, and resulted in the Water of Leith becoming relatively unpolluted again.
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The model was refreshed and upgraded in June 1986. The leaf springs of the rear end were replaced by coil springs, the front end (forward of the steel body) was remodelled with a more forward swept grill and headlights, the dashboard was remodelled, and the windscreen was now caulked in place (rather than being held with a molded seal as in the earlier model). The 1.0- and 1.3-liter were slightly detuned while the turbo model gained fuel injection and now produces (JIS net), while the more powerful twin cam GTi model also arrived. The facelift model entered Indonesian production by early 1987 as the Forsa GL, and now featured some external trim pieces from the sporting GTi.
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By November the ketch had again returned from the wreck site with cargo from both the Colonist as well as the Douglas, and the scene was described as: > ...masts and yards as well as hull of the Colonist are as sound as the day > she was built. She has been thoroughly caulked from keel to covering board, > and is now quite tight, her rigging has been refitted and sails bent. The > tides have been very bad lately, but notwithstanding she has been floated > more than halfway over the reef; and Captain Paget, who remains with one man > at the reef, expects that she will be in deep water at the next spring > tides. The Douglas still remains with royal yards aloft.
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She generally returned to Puget Sound in the fall and was often the last ship out of Nome.West; Corwin had carried mail from Seattle to Nome in earlier years at no charge to the government.New York Times August 15, 1909Tacoma Public Library (d)Morning Leader Nov 29, 1902 In part, her early arrivals were due to the fact that she was sheathedKimball (1912) describes the sheathing as ironwood. Vanderlip describes her sheathing in 1900 as "greenheart timber", possibly Chlorocardium rodiei. The original oak could have been replaced in the 1896 refit or possibly earlier. Victoria Daily Colonist, May 9, 1901 reports the Corwin was stripped, caulked, sheathed, and copper painted at Bullen's yard, though West, p 90, is unaware she had been recaulked.
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In a local news article, Hillard Bloom of Tallmadge Brothers explained that the vessel should not have been hauled and left on dry land as it had, if there were intentions of ever making it a working vessel again. He stated that the planks of oak vessels like Hope have the tendency to shrink when removed from the water for an extended period of time. The restoration process began with Hope being lifted back into the water where its boards were given the opportunity to take in moisture and expand. The restoration process continued when the crew of Tallmadge Brothers transported the vessel to a dry dock in Bridgeport, CT where its boards were caulked, its deck was sanded, its mast was stepped, its bottom and topsides were painted, and it was fully rigged.
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The hull was caulked and painted, "camouflaging" yet assisting in the preservation of the ship until a proper restoration could be done. This "minimal amount" of work was done to make it seaworthy for the towing to California, but it still arrived with of water in the engine room. From 1959 to 1963, the Oakland Dock and Warehouse Company restored the ship and renamed it back to Wapama. The San Francisco Maritime State Historical Park opened to the public on October 2, 1963, and the ship opened to the public as a museum ship on October 10, 1963. Within years of its opening, serious deterioration threatened the ship and became critical in August 1969 when a leak raised the rate at which it took on water to 600 gallons per hour and in strong winds to 1,000 gallons per hour.
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While the boats were prepared, Riou wrote a letter to the Secretary to the Admiralty; Riou gave the note to Mr Clements, the master of the Guardian, who was given command of the launch. A total of 259 people chose to join the five boats, leaving Riou with sixty- two people; himself, three midshipmen, including Thomas Pitt, the surgeon's mate, the boatswain, carpenter, three superintendents of convicts, a daughter of one of the superintendents, thirty seamen and boys and twenty-one convicts. The Guardian was nearly awash by now with 16 feet of water in the hold, but a bumping noise on the deck attracted attention, and on investigation was found to be a number of casks that had broken free and were floating in the hold, trapped under the lower gundeck. Realising that this was providing extra buoyancy, Riou had the gun deck hatches sealed and caulked, while another sail was sent under the hull to control the flooding.
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While the boats were prepared, Riou wrote a letter to the Secretary to the Admiralty; Riou gave the note to Mr Clements, the master of Guardian, who was given command of the launch. A total of 259 people chose to join the five boats, leaving Riou with sixty-two people: himself, three midshipmen, including Thomas Pitt, the surgeon's mate, the boatswain, carpenter, three superintendents of convicts, a daughter of one of the superintendents, thirty seamen and boys and twenty-one convicts. Guardian was nearly awash by now with of water in the hold, but a bumping noise on the deck attracted attention, and on investigation was found to be a number of casks that had broken free and were floating in the hold, trapped under the lower gundeck. Realising that this was providing extra buoyancy Riou had the gun deck hatches sealed and caulked, while another sail was sent under the hull to control the flooding.
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