First, you discard a number of tough outer petals, or bracts.
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Eventually, the bracts fall and the flowers develop into bright red berries.
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The plants' specially modified leaves, or bracts, are the largest part of the show.
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Just like the poinsettia, its true flowers are tiny, surrounded by brightly colored bracts.
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They are as lovely as the white bracts, but are no competition for all the white that surrounds them.
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The four lovely white "petals" are not petals at all; rather, they are bracts — or modified leaves — which whiten as they expand.
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Bougainvillea, "any of a genus of the four-o'clock family of ornamental tropical American woody vines and shrubs with brilliant purple or red floral bracts" 22015.
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These bracts are all glabrous. The lowest outer bracts grow into long, leafy structures resembling the leaves. The outer bracts are ovate, acuminate, 15 to 20mm long and can end either in a sharp point or with a rounded tip. The inner bracts are longer than the actual florets.
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These bracts (strictly involucral bracts) are elliptical, long and wide and glabrous. Flowering occurs from July to October.
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The flower heads are individually set on top of an up to long stalk, that mostly carries no bracts but rarely very narrow bracts. The involucre is up to in diameter and consists of a double row of long bracts. The outer bracts are lance-shaped, about 1½ mm (0.06 in) wide, and carry long hairs or glandular bristles. The inner bracts are narrowly inverted egg-shaped and about 2 mm (0.08 in) wide, with a few hairs and a papery margin.
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Pignatti S. - Flora d'Italia – Edagricole – 1982, Vol. III, pag. 214 The yellow flowers are terminal, in diameter and surrounded by thorny bracts. The outer bracts are similar to leaves, while the inner bracts surrounding the disk florets are membranous and stiff, with a golden color.
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Detail of the florets and bracts of a flowering orange tulip ginger Glossy, overlapping bracts form a terminal inflorescence, that is spike-shaped to ovoid. The bracts are red to orange, usually becoming more orange at the apex, which curves outward. The inflorescence is quite variable in size, ranging from long and cm broad. During flowering, small, hermaphroditic yellow or orange tubular florets emerge among the bracts.
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The outer involucral bracts range in colour from pink, to greenish-white, to white. The inner bracts are covered in silver hairs and are coloured pale green. The margins of the bracts may or may not have rusty-coloured hairs sprouting from them. The fruit is a hairy nutlet.
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The colour of the bracts varies from a creamy white to a deep crimson, but the soft pale pink bracts with a silvery sheen are the most prized.
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The bracts in the inflorescence can be subclavate to clavate, and are arched towards the stem but spread outwards. The lower bracts are much longer than the upper bracts. The upper bracts are as long as or shorter than the clusters of flowers or fruit they subtend. The bracteoles are 0.8 to 1mm in length, narrowly ovate, trullate or triangular in shape, and have an acute or acuminate tip, and lacerated to toothed margins.
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The greenish involucre that envelops the florets is up to in diameter, and consists of three whorls of overlapping bracts that are lance-shaped. The bracts in the outer whorl are bristly and glandular, about long and mm (0.02 in) wide. The bracts in the middle whorl eventually become hairless, are about 5 mm (0.22 in) long and wide. The bracts in the innermost whorl are hairless to begin with, about 5 mm long and mm (0.02 in) wide.
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The flowers emerge from bracts that form off the stems. The bracts start out white, but with more sun exposure they turn anywhere from pale pink to deep salmon. A chain of bracts will continue to grow until it falls off in most cases; thus the chains can grow anywhere from a few inches to nearly a foot in length. Flowers emerge from the bracts; usually they are long, thin, and white with speckled maroon throats.
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Papery (upper) and leafy bracts on hay rattle (Rhinanthus minor). All the "leaves" in this image are bracts. In botany, a bract is a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis or cone scale. Bracts are often (but not always) different from foliage leaves.
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Formation of the syconium begins with the initial growth of bracts, which curve to form a receptacle. When the outer bracts meet, they form the ostiole by interlock. Syconia may also develop lateral, basal, or peduncular bracts. There is a relationship between the shape of the ostiole and the morphology of the pollinating wasp.
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As with other members of E. subsect. Spathacea Rchb.f. 1861, the racemose inflorescence bears enlarged spathaceous floral bracts. The green, non-resupinate, fleshy flowers are partially covered by the large, dolabriform bracts.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of pointed yellow-green, pink, or pale purple, hairy bracts. Between the bracts appear the small purple-spotted yellow flowers, which are pouched with tiny, protruding stigmas.
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The numerous flowers are located in the axils of small, membranous bracts. The hermaphroditic flowers are triple. The six identically shaped bracts are one-third to one-half their length and deformed tubular, bell-shaped or funnel-shaped in form. The color of the bracts ranges from white to cream to brown or more rarely from blue to purple.
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The inflorescence is an open or dense cluster of flowers, with each flower surrounded by green, gray, or pink bracts. There are generally five bracts per flower, with one bract much longer than the others. The bracts are tipped with straight awns. The flower at the center is only about 3 millimeters wide and usually white in color.
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The glabrous involucral bracts are arranged in a series of seven to eight rows. The outer bracts are ovate and somewhat acuminate in shape, and have an almost round apex ('subobtuse'). The inner bracts are oblong in shape and slightly convex, and equal in length to the actual flowers. It is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower.
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Origanium libanoticum is a small perennial, growing to tall by wide. It with fragrant leaves, and pink, hop-like flowering bracts blooming between July and September. Overlapping pink to pale green hop-like bracts droop from the ends of wiry stems, hence the common name of hopflower oregano. Small rose-pink flowers stem from under the bracts.
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The prophyll is large, splitting and becoming tattered, and armed with pseudo-whorls of black spines. Peduncular bracts are not present in the genus, the first order branches bear distichous, unarmed tubular bracts with fibrous limbs which subtend or wholly enclose, in the staminate spike, the second order branch system. These are subtended by tubular, membranous bracts, the third order rachillae have similar bracts subtending solitary staminate flowers. The staminate flowers are tiny with a tubular calyx divided into three hairy, triangular lobes.
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The inflorescence is a rounded head filled with leaflike green bracts deeply divided into long, narrow, pointed lobes. The small pink-tinged white to dark blue flowers are tucked amidst the spine-lobed bracts.
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The species is named for the pectinate (comb- shaped) involucral bracts.
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Obvolute bracts may thus be a synapomorphy of the American clade.
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They are more or less sharply pointed at the apex, margins smooth, sometimes with a wavy appearance. The cluster of 10-22 overlapping bracts in diameter, individual bracts long, wide. The bracts soft, dry edges and the outer surface smooth or with a few glandular hairs. The flowers consist of 24-42 white or mauve petals, each petal about long.
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The involucral bracts are line- to lance- shaped, about long and adorned with a brush-like tuft of hairs at their tips. The outer bracts are wide and carry arched bristles. The inner bracts are wide, slightly bristly and have a prominent midrib. The flower heads have up to twenty five dark blue, female ray florets with straps of about long and wide.
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Castilleja lemmonii is a perennial herb 10 to 20 centimeters tall coated in glandular hairs. The leaves are 2 to 4 centimeters long and linear to narrowly lance-shaped. Closeup of Castilleja lemmonii inflorescence, pink bracts & small yellow, stamen-tipped flowers The inflorescence is made up of many purple- or pink- tipped greenish bracts. Between the bracts appear small yellowish flowers.
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According to Jackson (1990), the name Petalidium is derived from the Greek petalon (a leaf or petal), which may refer to the deciduous, leaf-like bracts, while bracteatum likewise refers to the large, imbricate (i.e. overlapping) bracts.
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The bracts are formed by 5 to 7 rings, with whole margins.
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The husks of pecans develop from the bracts and the bracteoles only.
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The specific epithet refers to the hyaline, membranaceous bracts of this species.
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This annual herb grows up to about 40 centimeters tall with linear leaves each a few centimeters long. The inflorescence has bracts tipped in pink or reddish purple. Between the bracts appear pouched, fuzzy purplish or pink flowers.
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The bracts in the outer row are 6–7 mm long and 1½–2 mm wide, while bracts in rows further up are increasingly long, eventually reaching 21–23 mm. Each head carries twenty five to forty florets.
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Wooly Congea blooms in late winter to spring. From late winter to spring it produces sprays of white flowers backed by bracts. The bracts gradually change through pink, lavender, and finally gray over the course of several weeks.
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The inflorescence atop the stem is punctuated by nodes at which the bracts are fused to form a cup or band up to about 2.5 centimeters wide. At the end of each branching of the stem is a similar cup of bracts partially fused around a cluster of flowers. The bracts are tipped in spinelike awns. The flowers are white to yellow-green and hairy in texture.
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Flowers are arranged in a globose terminal head, subtended by rhombic-ovate bracts.
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The disc is yellow and bracts are white, the flower heads in diameter.
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Hymenonema is the contraction of the Latin hymen, meaning "membrane", and nema, a word for "thread", "cloth", "weft", probably indicating the plant has membranous margins to the involucral bracts, or the receptacular bracts (or paleas), or the branches of the style.
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The bracts can also be pink, although this is uncommon. The inner bracts are oblong in shape, and are 5 by 1.5cm in size. The actual flowers are densely hairy. They are coloured creamy-white, and turn rusty brown with age.
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The leaf surfaces of Hydrocotyle are prime grounds for oviposition of many butterfly species, such as Anartia fatima. ;Flowers: Flower clusters are simple and flat-topped or rounded. Involucral bracts Inconspicuous bracts at the base of each flower. Indistinct sepals.
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These bracts are very densely covered in whitish hairs, tomentose to silky-pubescent in texture. The outer bracts are ovate and obtuse in shape, the inner bracts are oblong or spoon-shaped oblong, longer than the actual flowers, and have villous (shaggy) hairs at their ends. It is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower. The petals and sepals of the flowers are fused into a glabrous, 19mm long perianth-sheath.
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Beggar-tick (Bidens comosa) Bracts that appear in a whorl subtending an inflorescence are collectively called an involucre. An involucre is a common feature beneath the inflorescences of many Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Dipsacaceae and Polygonaceae. Each flower in an inflorescence may have its own whorl of bracts, in this case called an involucel. In this case they may be called chaff, paleas, or receptacular bracts and are usually minute scales or bristles.
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Curcuma angustifolia is rhizomatous herb. It is a perennial and a flowering plant, with modest and small spiked inflorescences of three or four yellow, funnel-shaped flowers within tufts of pink terminal bracts (coma bracts). The bracts are boat-shaped and encase the entire perianth of the flower. As is common to the genus, the flowers of C. angustifolia have double anthers, a slender style, and a globular stigma.
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Heliconias provide shelter for a diverse range of insects within their young rolled leaves and water-filled floral bracts. Insects that inhabit the rolled leaves often feed upon the inner surfaces of the leaf, such as beetles of the family Chrysomelidae. In bracts containing small amounts of water, fly larvae and beetles are the dominant inhabitants. In bracts with greater quantities of water the typical inhabitants are mosquito larva.
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The flower head is surrounded by bracts (sometimes mistakenly called sepals) in two series. The inner bracts are erect until the seeds mature, then flex downward to allow the seeds to disperse. The outer bracts are often reflexed downward, but remain appressed in plants of the sections Palustria and Spectabilia. Some species drop the "parachute" from the achenes; the hair-like parachutes are called pappus, and they are modified sepals.
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Mature and immature flowers, Bonnechere Provincial Park, Ontario In late spring to midsummer, white flowers are produced that are in diameter with reflexed petals that are ovate-lanceolate in shape and long. Inflorescences are made up of compound terminal cymes, with large showy white bracts that resemble petals. The bracts are green when immature. The bracts are broadly ovate and long and wide, with 7 parallel running veins.
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Below the corolla, the calyx is 2 mm to 2.5 mm long and is covered with long, soft and weak hairs that are somewhat dense. In addition to the sepals of the calyx, L. substrigosa also has bracts that are broadly ovate to kidney-shaped. At their apex, the bracts are either rounded or acute and taper to a sharp firm point. The lower bracts can sometimes grow to become long.
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Hartmeyer (1998) described this phenomenon in the genus Roridula. Likewise, the sticky, modified bracts of Passiflora foetida have been investigated for their carnivorous ability. A 1995 paper published in the Journal of Biosciences detailed the evidence that the glandular bracts played a distinct role in defense of the flower and were also capable of digesting captured prey and absorbing the nutrients.Passiflora foetida bracts produce proteases and acid phosphatases (Radhamani et al.
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The inflorescence is made up of hairy green bracts and bright yellow pouched flowers.
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Small violet flowers grow in whorls of 4–10 with conspicuous reddish-brown bracts.
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Flowers are single, the stigma capitate. Spathe bracts are lanceolate, with a single valve.
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The end of the flower stem is covered in a spike of flower heads across that bloom pink to purplish pink for a month in late summer, from the top down. Each flower head has 5 to 8 florets and is surrounded by overlapping pinkish bracts (phyllaries) whose tips are pointed and curve backwards. The stems, leaves, and bracts may be smooth or hairy to varying degrees. The shape of the bracts distinguishes this species from others, for example Liatris spicata, another tall Liatris species that has thickly packed spikes, but whose bracts are flat with rounded tips.
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The involucre is cylindrical two to four rowed, with the inner involucral bracts twice as long as outer bracts. The receptacle is flat and glabrous. The corolla is yellow, whitish yellow or azure blue. The stamens have saggitate anthers and ovate appendage.
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Outer bracts end in hooks that are like Velcro. After the flower head dries, the hooked bracts will attach to humans and animals in order to transport the entire seedhead. The leaves, leafstalks, roots and flower stalks are all edible when prepared correctly.
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The plants are monoecious, with individuals producing male and female flowers. The staminate (male) flowers grow in rounded clusters and lack bracts. The pistillate (female) flowers are oval or round ovaries surrounded by spongy bracts. They develop into fruits containing small seeds.
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Bracts on the peduncle subtend axillary buds that become these lateral stalks. One bract within this whorl is a sterile bract. The bicolor unit is a variable structure in complexity, but the presence of fertile and sterile bracts is a salient character.
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The inflorescence is a rounded head filled with leaflike green bracts edged with pointed lobes. The flowers tucked amidst the bracts are yellow in color and under a centimeter long. The corolla is divided into five rounded lobes each about a millimeter long.
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The inflorescence is periodically covered in brown bracts from which protrude tiny white spurred flowers.
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All Chuniophoeniceae have palmate leaves with induplicate folds and tubular bracts partially enclosing the flowers.
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Characterised by a solid scape and spathaceous bracts fused into a floral tube (basally connate).
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The cultivar 'El Tigre' has darker blooms and more purple in the calyx and bracts.
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The bracts that subtend the flower heads are pointed and may have a hooked tip.
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The inflorescences (spikelets) are sometimes subtended by bracts which can be leaf-like or showy.
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Between the colorful bracts appear lighter flowers, which are yellow-green to pinkish and hairy.
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The family is characterized by various kinds of sclereids, hypophyllous glands and specific nectary bracts.
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The involucre is up to in diameter and consists of a double row of blunt long, almost hairless bracts, with a broad papery margin, which are often flushed red. The outer bracts are elliptical and about wide. The inner bracts are broadly elliptic to inverted egg-shaped and about wide. Each flower head has about ten ray florets with bluish staps of about long and wide with some hairs at the base.
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The male flowers have triangular outer bracts which are shorter and less broad than the inner bracts and the perianth segments are about 4 mm long and a reddish brown. The female flowers have narrower bracts, and their perianth segments enlarge and enclose the fruit. The capsule is up to 12 mm long and about 7 mm in diameter. The species was first described as Bertya gummifera by the botanist Jules Émile Planchon in 1845.
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The inflorescence consists of 16-36 sweetly scented white-cream or yellow showy flowers in axillary clusters. The inflorescence stalk is long with coarse longish hairs. The over-lapping bracts are long and inner bracts rust coloured. The pedicels are long and the pistil long.
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They are solitary, yellow, 15mm wide, with non-sticky yellow-green bracts, and small of coconut.
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It is very closely related to Salvia nemorosa, and is distinguished by having purple-red bracts.
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Castilleja attenuata is an annual herb growing up to about 50 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear in shape and several centimeters long. The inflorescence has three-lobed bracts with yellow or white tips. Between the bracts emerge fuzzy white flowers dotted with purple and yellow.
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The heads are numerous terminating the branches. Flowers are pink to purplish, the marginal ones not enlarged. The outer and middle involucral bracts are broad, striate, smooth with broadly rounded tips; the inner bracts are narrower with hairy tips. Pappus present with bristles 6–11 mm long.
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40, No. 4, Autumn 1970. Trillium undulatum is a perennial herbaceous plant that spreads by means of underground rhizomes. There are three large leaf-like bracts arranged in a whorl about a scape that rises directly from the rhizome. Bracts are ovate, each with a definite petiole.
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The inflorescence is a dense cylindrical spike of wide, oval green bracts with pinkish points. The flowers emerge from between the bracts. Each purple-pink flower is fuzzy in texture and club-shaped, the lower lip an expanded pouch and the upper lip a narrow, straight beak.
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The lower leaf surface in M. robusta on the other hand, consists of two layers of hairs, a bluish grey cobwebby layer through which longer woolly hairs extend, making it white in colour and the leaf surface isn't visible through the hairs at all. In addition, the involucral bracts in M. hirsuta are overlapping, with the outer bracts distinctly smaller than the inner ones, whereas in M. robusta all bracts are more or less the same size.
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Just beneath the flower heads the indumentum is less dense. The involucre that envelops the florets is up to in diameter, and consists of three to four whorls of bracts that are lance-shaped. The bracts in the outer whorl are about long and wide, and covered in white felty hairs. The bracts in the inner whorl are about long and wide and these tend to loose the indumentum, and have a resinous vein along the middle.
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Those native to northern regions have small cones () with short bracts, with more southerly species tending to have longer cones (), often with exserted bracts, with the longest cones and bracts produced by the southernmost species, in the Himalayas. The seeds are winged. The larches are streamlined trees, the root system are broad and deep and the bark is finely cracked and wrinkled in irregular plaques. The wood is bicolor, with salmon pink heartwood and yellowish white sapwood.
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They have a long receptacles which are conical in shape. The flower head is surrounded by petal-like structures called 'involucral bracts', these are glabrous and arranged in a series of nine or ten rows. The outer bracts have somewhat pointy ends, ovate in shape and minutely ciliate (having a fringe of hairs like an eyelash at their margins). The inner bracts are oblong or spathulate-oblong in shape, and are longer than the actual flowers.
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The bracts form at the base of the peduncle and are short and rounded with an indented tip, usually only partially obscuring the calyx. The species is most similar to Calystegia occidentalis which can occur in the same region occasionally. However that species differs in longer, more strongly pointed bracts, and the fact that those bracts form several millimeters below the peduncle on the stem. Additionally C. occidentalis generally has more triangular leaves with less distinct lobing.
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Forms of G. diffusa with thirteen ray florets per head (which always have dark spots) differ from G. corymbosa, G. personata, G. parviligulata (all with eight ray florets per head), and G. piloselloides (with either five or eight ray florets), and differ from G. alienata, G. integrifolia and G. warmbadica (all without spots). The form of G. diffusa with eight florets per head (which is consistently found only in the Richtersveld, and has 18–31 narrowly triangular involucral bracts) differs from G. alienata, G. integrifolia and G. warmbadica (all with thirteen ray florets), from G. parviligulata and G. personata (ray florets not reaching beyond the tips of the involucral bracts), from G. corymbosa (has bristle-like involucral bracts), and G. piloselloides (has five ray florets with 15–20 involucral bracts, or eight ray florets with 35–45 bracts).
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The bracts are longer than the sepals and are pubescent, hairy outside, glabrous, smooth, without hairs inside.
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The flowering spike is shorter than the scape, and is particularly furry, due to the felty bracts.
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The ray florets are narrower than in Aster, but are clearly longer than the involucre (= whorled bracts).
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The species resembles Melhania forbesii in the bracts of the epicalyx, but differs in upper leaf surface.
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Each spikelet is made up of one floret surrounded by a v-shaped pair of smooth bracts.
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It has oblong-ovate basal leaves that are long. The leaves are pinnately dissected and the lobes are irregularly rounded. The inflorescence is more or less scapose, meaning it has a long peduncle that comes from the ground level that has bracts. The bracts are round and awn-tipped.
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The species form a homogeneous group that is well characterized by their striped petals, many-flowered inflorescences and usually ant holes in the twigs. The bracts are recaulescent, which means that the first node of the inflorescence is bare and the lowest bracts are inserted at the second node.
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In subsp. brevipedunculata, the heads are practically without stalk and sit directly in the rosette of the short shoots. The involucral bracts are overlapping, arranged in up to four rows, and about in diameter. These bracts increase in size from the outside in, the outermost bracts long and wide, the innermost long and wide, lance-shaped with resinous calluses, yellow-brown in colour, with a smooth edge, and hairless except for the lowest which are slightly woolly at the inner base.
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Diplolaena mollis is a shrub to high with broad egg-shaped or elliptic leaves. The leaves are usually long, leathery, wedge-shaped at the base, rounded at the apex, thickly covered in light tan, smooth, soft, weak star-shaped hairs on a petiole long. The flowers about in diameter, outer bracts broadly oval shaped to narrowly oblong, pointed, long, densely covered with soft, smooth, star-shaped hairs. The inner row of bracts barely longer than outer bracts, narrowly oblong, pointed, thin, almost hairless.
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The large flower heads are set individually at the end of flower stalks of up to 1 cm (0.4 in) long, covered in dense long woolly hair. Surrounding each flower head are three to four rows of unruly arranged bracts (or phyllaries) that together form the so-called involucre, which is up to in diameter. These bracts are lance-shaped, about wide, and of varying length. The outer bracts are long-haired, about long, the inner eventually hairless, about long.
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The general flower colour is deep purple. The bracts which subtend the flowers are shorter than the calyx.
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All flowers are monoecious and unisexual, producing a spike inflorescence. All inflorescences are subtended by shorter, proximal bracts.
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Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press. and meaning small dry body referring to the involucral bracts of the plant.
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Annual. pubescent-glandular, 10–30 cm. Leaves ovate, crenulate or dentate. Flowers in loose racemes. Bracts linear, entire.
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Salvia involucrata grows five feet or taller before it starts blooming in late summer. The plant's flowers and bracts are a reddish, beetroot color. The bracts occur in pairs which envelop three flowers each, falling away as the flowers expand. The plant's leaves are small, flat mid-green, slightly cordate-shaped.
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The shrub is generally monoecious, with each upright inflorescence holding mostly staminate flowers with a few pistillate flowers clustered near the bottom. The staminate flowers have large, woolly leaflike bracts. The pistillate flowers have smaller bracts and develop tiny white fruits. The silky hairs on the fruits allow for wind dispersal.
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The inflorescences are dense umbels at the top of the main branches. They are bright green at the bases and the stiff, bristly bracts are blue. They are about 4 cm long and 2 cm diameter and the bracts are up to long. The flowers inside are about 2 mm long.
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The key diagnostic character of Schoenus auritus is its semi-succulent (or fleshy) growth form. It also has loose, membranaceous leaf sheaths and membranaceous lateral extensions (auricles) on the primary bracts of its flowering heads (i.e. primary inflorescence bracts). This species often displays its anthers for long periods of time.
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The plant is brown colored with horizontal rhizomes and bracts. It carries 1-2 scapes which are from green to maroon-colored and are round at cross section. Leaves are either light or bronze-green in color. Sepals are located above the bracts and are green colored, horizontal, and lanceolate.
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It is an annual herb producing a slender, hairy green stem up to about 35 centimeters tall. The lance-shaped leaves are up to 5 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a dense cylindrical spike of wide netted bracts with pinkish tips. The flowers just barely emerge from between the bracts.
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There is then a pair of leafy bracts on the main stem and below those a pair of leaves.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers with each minute white or yellow flower surrounded by spine-tipped bracts.
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Bracts may have long, erect and rigid hairs or short, soft and erect hairs that are confined to glands.
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Diplolaena andrewsii is a wide spreading branched shrub to high. The leaves heart to egg-shaped, long, papery, sparsely covered on both sides with star- shaped, coarse, rough hairs, rounded at the apex, on a petiole long. The flowerheads are up to in diameter, outer bracts broadly oval, about long, green, rounded, papery and sparsely covered in star-shaped hairs. The inner bracts are marginally longer than outer bracts, broadly egg-shaped to narrowly oblong, reddish-brown with white edges and smooth on the outer side.
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The flower heads sit individually on top of a short stalk, rarely up to long, with numerous small bracts, and softly hairy toward the upper end. The involucre is about 6 mm in diameter and consists of three to four rows of straw yellow, overlapping bracts with red-tinged tips. These bracts are narrowly lance-shaped, about wide, hairless except for a fringe along the narrow papery margin and contain resin or oil ducts. The outer ones are about long and the inner long.
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Salvia species include annual, biennial, or perennial herbs, along with woody subshrubs. The stems are typically angled like other members in Lamiaceae. The leaves are typically entire, but sometimes toothed or pinnately divided. The flowering stems bear small bracts, dissimilar to the basal leaves—in some species the bracts are ornamental and showy.
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Albuca bracteata was first described in 1794 by Carl Peter Thunberg, as Ornithogalum bracteatum. The specific epithet bracteatum refers to the bracts in the inflorescence; Thunberg described the species as "with longer flower bracts" (). It was transferred to Albuca in 2009, along with other species of Ornithogalum, based on a molecular phylogenetic study.
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The bracts which protect the developing flowers often have a distinct pink tinge before the flowers open. In south Canterbury and North Otago the bracts are green. The individual flowers are in diameter, the tepals are free almost to the base, and reflexed. The stamens are about the same length as the tepals.
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The outer bracts are purple and spread out until they are bent back. The inner bracts are ascending, cream-colored and yellow towards the flower throat. The seed vessel is 15–20 mm long and green in color. The pericarpel is covered with numerous small scales with gray wool, bristles and thorns.
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It is branched to three orders, with four 'partial inflorescences', the longest of these growing to some long. The rachis bracts are loosely tubular. This species has no peduncular bracts. The peduncle is wide at its base; the rachillae are long, and are thin, green-red in colour, and with a tomentose indumentum.
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The inner bracts are narrowly egg-shaped, slightly longer than outer bracts and densely covered with short, matted, grey hairs. The petals are long with tiny woolly hairs on edges, the stamens about long, green to pale orange, soft, weak, and star-shaped hairs toward the base. Flowering occurs from July to September.
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Both the leaves and stems have stiff, spreading hairs. Flowers are small and solitary, occurring in pairs of bracts in the leaf axils along the lower section of the flowering stem. They are carried in racemes at the end of the stem. Bracts are green and fleshy, petals are green to reddish.
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Castilleja schizotricha is a perennial herb and wildflower growing not more than about 15 centimeters tall and coated thickly in light-colored hairs, giving it a gray or white color. The woolly inflorescence is made up of layers of dusty red or pink bracts. Between the bracts emerge pouched dull reddish flowers.
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Branch nodes are conspicuously swollen and new parts of the plant have a ferruginous, floccose covering, persisting on the bracts.
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Flowers emerge between the bracts, each up to 2 or 3 centimeters long and greenish in color with reddish margins.
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Underneath the flowers is a whorl of bracts. Fertilized flowers produce achenes with 2 sterile chambers and one fertile chamber.
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The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with leaflike bracts. The lavender flowers are just under a centimeter long.
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This, in turn was surrounded by several whorls of bracts that many homologize with petals and sepals in flowering plants.
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Each pseudo-umbel with an involucre of decussate form, crossed in the form of an X, usually persistent bracts. Leaves glabrous or pubescent, domatia absent. Inflorescences axillary or solitary pseudoumbelas along very short sharp branches, appearing racemose, covered before anthesis by an involucre of bracts decussate. The flower is from greenish, yellow to white.
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Thelymitra bracteata was first formally described in 2004 by Jeff Jeanes from an unpublished description by Joseph Weber and the description was published in Muelleria from a specimen collected in the Scott Creek Conservation Park. The specific epithet (bracteata) is a Latin word meaning "provided with bracts", referring to the prominent bracts on this species.
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Each head is on a very short or long pedicel, except in C. cymosum, where it is absent. Remarkably, each flower head contains just one, bisexual, mauve, pink or white disc floret. The florets are enveloped by two whorls of involucral bracts. The outer whorl consists of two or three short bracts at the base.
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Trillium sessile has three oval to nearly circular bracts, up to long and across. The bracts are green or sometimes bluish, typically with mottling which fades as the flower matures. Each flower has three sepals and three petals. The petals are typically maroon or brownish, sometimes green or yellowish green, up to long and broad.
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The leaves are linear, narrow and slightly glaucous. The inflorescences are specialised structures called pseudanthia, also known simply as flower heads, containing hundred of reduced flowers, called florets. These inflorescences are surrounded by petal-like appendages known as 'involucral bracts'. These bracts are pale green or greenish white base colour, this being flushed with carmine.
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Habenaria ochroleuca is a tuberous, perennial herb with two or three glabrous leaves long and wide. There are between ten and twenty five flowers on a wiry flowering stem high with many overlapping bracts. The bracts are long and wide and the flowers are long and wide. The dorsal sepal is about long and wide.
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Fruits from the disc flowers usually have pappi made up of several scales.Calycadenia. Flora of North America. The gland-dotted bracts on the peduncles are a distinguishing character of the genus. The name Calycadenia comes from the Greek calyx ("cup") and aden ("gland"), and references the tack-shaped glands on these bracts and the phyllaries.
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There are one or two bracts long at the base of the cluster, but the bracts fall off early in the flowering period. The sepal lobes are triangular, long and hairy. The four petals are long and covered with short, soft hairs and there are four stamens. Flowering occurs from late August to September.
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They are leathery, with prominent warty glands, and paler underneath. The flowers are across with 5 golden yellow petals (rarely pale yellow), rounded sepals, with involucre-like bracts. The petals are oblong with rounded tips, long, and across. Its warty stems and leaves and its involucre-like bracts distinguish it from other species of Hypericum.
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When it blooms, the floret has three reddish anthers and a short feathery stigma. If it is pollinated, the floret produces a nearly round seed long. At the base of the spikelet are two bracts (glumes), one of them long and the other long. The bracts each are long and tapered, with sharply pointed tips.
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There are nine series of bracts surrounding the flower head, the outer ones being ovate in shape, with a rounded apex, and are covered in silky hairs and have a fringe of hairs along their margins (ciliate). The inner bracts are more oblong and concave in shape, also ciliate, but with less silky hairs, with the innermost bracts glabrous and the length of the flowers. The plant is monoecious with both sexes in each flower. The fruits are woody and persistent, which means they are retained on the plant after senescence.
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The outer bracts are ovate in shape, with their ends obtuse (blunt) to somewhat obtuse, and when very young are covered in a layer of greyish, finely pubescent hairs, with the margins of the bracts being ciliate (i.e. fringed with a hairs like an eyelash), although this soon falls off and they become glabrous. The inner bracts are oblong and elongated in shape and their ends are obtuse; they are just a bit smaller in length than the actual flowers. The plant is monoecious with both sexes in each flower.
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The fruit (syconia occur in the leaf axils, are globular, and up to 21 mm long and 21 mm in diameter, and they too are lightly rough to the touch. The ostiole protrudes into a crown with numerous ciliolate bracts (bracts with "eyelashes"), and is green to yellowish green at maturity. The peduncle is 21 mm long, 0.6-1.0 mm in diameter. There are three bracts at the base of up to 4 mm in length, with appressed glassy hairs, and the margins have minute hairs (cilia) which persist.
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From the rootstock also develop one or few initially woolly hairy, mostly dark reddish inforescence stems (or scapes) with one to eight small bracts. These are mostly unbranched but may have up to eight branches in the upper half. Each of these are topped by one or few flower heads, with an involucre of bracts surrounding a flat to slightly concave common base, with clear pits where the ovary attach and without bracts at the foot of the individual florets. The involucre is bell- or cup-shaped or somewhat narrower at the rim.
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The large flower heads are set individually on top sparingly hairy, towards the top more densely hairy, up to long stalks with some small leaves along their lengths. The involucre is about 1 cm in diameter and consists of about four rows of lance-shaped, green, overlapping bracts, often with the margin tinged reddish, hardly papery and ciliate towards the tip. The outer involucral bracts are about long and wide with long hairs, the inner bracts long and 1 mm wide with fewer long hairs. The flower heads never have ray florets.
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Rhizanthella slateri is a leafless, sympodial herb with a branching, whitish, underground stem up to long and about in diameter with prominent overlapping bracts. The stem is often branched with up to four flowering heads. The heads are up to in diameter and have up to thirty tube-shaped, purplish flowers surrounded by whitish, triangular floral bracts up to long. The dorsal sepal is curved with a thread-like tip and has a broad base that forms a hood over the column and the lateral sepals, sometimes protruding above the floral bracts.
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The involucre is almost in diameter, and consist of two strict rows of bracts of about long, more or less fringed at the tip. The outer bracts are narrowly lance-shaped, and wide, the inner bracts are lance-shaped and about wide, one-ribbed, losing its hair with time. The numerous female ray florets have a milky white, rarely magenta strap of about long and 3 mm wide, near the base with a dark purple zone. Many bisexual, disc florets with an orange-yellow corolla of about long.
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The petals are the number of perianth parts including bracts that varies between 13 and 16. They have a truncate apex.
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Cupules are 5–8 × 10–18 mm, enclosing 1/3–1/2 of acorn, bracts are not connate at the apex.
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Solitary stamen, upright wooly ovaries with no style. ;Seeds: Achenes oval to elliptical, flattened, densely hairy and enveloped in wooly bracts.
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These bracts are papery and dry, or scarious, with a low water content, unlike leaves or flower parts of other plants.
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Male flowers have five stamens and five tepals, and are clustered in dense balls with an involucre of 7–8 bracts. Female inflorescences are reduced to one flower with a trilocular ovary, surrounded by bracts. Fruits are drupes in diameter, green to yellow, and brown when ripe. They contain a sweet, sticky mesocarp and three seeds.
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The flowers are arranged in groups of 4 to 8 near the ends of the branches. The groups of flowers are surrounded by narrow egg-shaped, pointed bracts up to long. The bracts are green, yellowish or yellow and red. The petal lobes are about long and , enclosing the stamens, staminodes and the lower part of the style.
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Acalypha virginica can be distinguished by its pistillate bracts which are hirsute and lack glands (vs. Acalypha gracilens, which has pistillate bracts that are sparsely pubescent and red-glandular). For conservation, Acalypha virginica is considered to be globally secure. It is a common species throughout much of its range, and is found in a wide variety of habitats.
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The flower heads are surrounded by 'involucral bracts'; these bracts are cream-coloured and glabrous. Together with Protea curvata and P. rubropilosa this species has a large receptacle at the base of the flower head which has a dome-shape – this is thought to be a more basal evolutionary characteristic. The style is 65 to 80mm in length.
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The inflorescences consist of numerous opposite lateral cylindrical spikes, 15-30 × 2–5 mm, on jointed peduncles. Groups of three bisexual flowers are sitting in the axils of rhombic-quadrate bracts. The opposite bracts are not connate to each other. The obovoid to obpyramidal perianth consists of three connate tepals, the apex with three incurved lobes.
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They may be smaller, larger, or of a different color, shape, or texture. Typically, they also look different from the parts of the flower, such as the petals or sepals. The state of having bracts is referred to as bracteate or bracteolate, and conversely the state of lacking them is referred to as ebracteate and ebracteolate, without bracts.
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Detail of the floral bracts The shrub can reach over 2 m with succulent brown stems and branches without spines. It has large bluish green leaves, which form a rosette at the end of the branches. The plant flowers from winter to spring (December to May). The flowers have dark red bracts greater than 1 cm in size.
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Its flowers are yellow, solitary, axillary and have a weak fragrance. The flowers are born on 1 centimeter long pedicels that are covered in fine copper-colored hairs. The pedicels have 2-3 oval bracts that are 2 millimeters long and come to a shallow point at their tips. The bracts are covered in fine hairs.
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The outer bracts are wide, narrowly inverted lance-shaped with rough and sometimes also glandular hairs. The inner bracts are wide, inverted lance-shaped, with dry papery edges. The approximately twelve, bright blue, female ray florets have a strap of about long and wide. These surround many bisexual, disc florets with a yellow corolla of about long.
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It is hairy and gray, green, or reddish in color. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers, with each flower surrounded by an array of six hairy bracts. One bract is much longer than the others and has a long, straight awn; the other bracts have hooked awns. The flower is 2 or 3 millimeters long and usually white.
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An individual R. nobile is a conical tower of delicate, straw-coloured, shining, translucent, regularly overlapping bracts; the higher ones have pink edges. Large, glossy, green radicle leaves, with red petioles and nerves, form a broad base to the plant. Turning up the bracts reveals membranous, fragile, pink stipules. Within these are short branched panicles of diminutive green flowers.
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Hooker p.94 The root is often long and as thick as an arm, and bright yellow inside. After flowering, the stem lengthens and the bracts separate one from another, turning a coarse red-brown. As the fruit ripens, the bracts fall away, leaving a ragged-looking stem covered with panicles of deep brown pendulous fruits.
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S. maculatus is an annual of up to 1½ m high, there are more than five leaflike bracts subtending each cluster of flowerhead, and these bracts are pinnately divided. The yellow florets carry some black hairs. The cypselas do not have pappus at their top (but are encased by the paleae). The spined wings along the stems are uninterrupted.
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Plants of this genus are perennial herbs growing from rhizomes. There are three large leaf-like bracts arranged in a whorl about a scape that rises directly from the rhizome. There are no true aboveground leaves but sometimes there are scale-like leaves on the underground rhizome. The bracts are photosynthetic and are sometimes called leaves.
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They have narrow, linear spreading juvenile leaves that gradually change into more strongly keeled and appressed scales. Female cones are borne singly and at the ends of branches and each has 3–5 bracts with very elongated bases. Each fertile bracts supports an erect ovule in its axil and this ovule remains erect throughout its development.
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This wildflower is a perennial herb growing upright or along the ground with hairy stems up to about 35 centimeters long. It is quite variable in appearance. The inflorescence is made up of layers of greenish, purplish, or pink bracts sometimes edged in white. Between the bracts bloom the pouched yellow-green flowers with protruding stigmas.
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The leaves are strap-shaped with abrupt divisions into small, narrow teeth at intervals. The inflorescence is a head filled with spine- toothed, leaflike bracts. The flowers tucked amidst the bracts are light purple or occasionally white, with reddish veining in their tubular throats. The flower is just under a centimeter long and has a five-lobed corolla.
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Bougainvillea spectabilis grows as a woody vine or shrub, reaching with heart-shaped leaves and thorny, pubescent stems. The flowers are generally small, white, and inconspicuous, highlighted by several brightly colored modified leaves called bracts. The bracts can vary in color, ranging from white, red, mauve, purple-red, or orange. Its fruit is a small, inconspicuous, dry, elongated achene.
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Inflorescence scapose, with bracts subtending each flower. Flowers actinomorphic, bisexual, solitary or in pseudoumbels. Sepals 3, persistent. Petals 3, white or yellow.
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The bracts are also very short, about long and wide, with only about two thirds of the bract actually usable for weaving.
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The inflorescence sometimes has two inflated whitish bracts alongside the flower. The seeds remain dormant in the soil during the dry season.
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This perennial, herbaceous wildflower growing in height. Leaves are simple and opposite. Leaf margins have teeth. Leafy bracts white or white-tinged.
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The inflorescence is a pinkish violet flower surrounded by pairs of large, heart-shaped, green bracts, usually occurring in groups of 3.
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Between the bracts appear the flowers, which are often similar in coloration. The fruit is a capsule up to 2 centimeters long.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of many flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts. The flowers are pale blue and about a centimeter long.
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Unlike NPFWs, female PFWs penetrate into the fig cavity through the ostiolar bracts and oviposit in the ovaries of the female flowers.
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The larvae feed on Chrysopsis scabrella and Arctostaphylos columbiana. They feed on the young leaves and bracts of unopened flowers of Chrysopsis species.
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The bracts are white, or white with a central pink stripe, or flushed pink. The whole plant is covered with short, soft hairs.
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The specific epithet is descriptive: The Latin word pruinosa means 'frosty', and refers to the brilliant white, woolly outer surface of the bracts.
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These large bracts are the defining feature of the genus Helminthotheca. A number of infraspecific taxa are recognised, varying in their leaf shape.
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The flowers are borne in an open, branching inflorescence with leaflike bracts. The fruit is a spherical drupe up to 1.5 centimeters wide.
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The fruit is a capsule with a persistent receptacle and calyx, and the bracts become swollen and fleshy, waxy-white or dull orange.
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The inflorescences are pseudo-umbels, flat-topped or rounded flower clusters, each pseudo-umbel with an involucre of four or six decussate bracts.
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Cosmos bipinnatus flowers in Sivas, Turkey The very conspicuous cup-shaped inflorescences have a diameter of usually 5 to 7 (rarely 8) cm and contain tongue and tubular flowers, which are surrounded by bracts. The outer bracts are usually eight and are ovate to lanceolate-tail-shaped, 7 to 15 mm long, 3 to 5 (rarely 6) mm wide. The inner bracts are ovate-lanceolate and 8 to 12 mm long. They are translucent with many black stripes and a clear edge up to 1 mm wide, sometimes with yellowish or pink pigments, the tip is ciliate.
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Upper and lower glumes of Urochloa mosambicensis, a grass In botany, a glume is a bract (leaf-like structure) below a spikelet in the inflorescence (flower cluster) of grasses (Poaceae) or the flowers of sedges (Cyperaceae). There are two other types of bracts in the spikelets of grasses: the lemma and palea. In grasses, two bracts known as "glumes" form the lowermost organs of a spikelet (there are usually 2 but 1 is sometimes reduced; or rarely, both are absent). Glumes may be similar in form to the lemmas, the bracts at the base of each floret.
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The outer bracts are about long and wide, lance-shaped, the middle bracts about long and wide, and the inner bracts inverted lance-shaped about 6 mm long and 1 mm wide. Each flower head contains about sixteen ray florets, with s pale blue straps of about long and 1 mm (0.06 in) wide. These encircle numerous disc florets with a yellow corolla of up to 3 mm (0.14 in) long. In the center of each corolla are five anthers merged into a tube, through which the style grows when the floret opens, hoovering up the pollen on its shaft.
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The flower buds are covered with brown bracts. The bracts, flower bases (hypanthia) and sepals are all covered with white fluff. Each head contains up to 5 groups of flowers in threes and is up to in diameter. The stamens, which give the flowers their colour, are arranged in 5 bundles around the flower, with 5 to 8 stamens in each bundle.
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Iris uniflora differs from Iris ruthenica by having thick resilient bracts (leaf on flower stem, where a flower emerges) that remain green (or yellow-green), until the seeds mature. On Iris ruthenica, the bracts usually dry out and die, after flowering. It has a thin creeping rhizome that is brown and branched. The rhizome is covered with the remains of last years leaves.
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S. maculatus is an annual of up to 1.5 m high, there are more than five leaf-like bracts subtending each cluster of flowerhead, and these bracts are pinnately divided. The yellow florets carry some black hairs. The cypselas do not have pappus at their top (but are encased by the paleae). The spined wings along the stems are uninterrupted.
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The flowers resemble a pin-cushion appearing in clusters of 4-20 flowers at the end of branches turning red as they age. The prominent styles are straight or curved, long and either white or red. The bracts are leaf-like or triangular, dry, translucent and about long. The smaller bracts may be oblong or triangular shaped, long and falling off early.
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French botanist Jules Émile Planchon described this species in 1847 from Melville Island off the north coast of Australia. Two subspecies are recognised: subspecies fraseri, found mainly from Katherine to Melville Island, has smooth leaves and 2 mm-long bracts, and subspecies heteronemum, from Katherine west to the Ord River, has finely furred leaves and 40–58 mm- long bracts.
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Anemone oregana is a perennial herb growing from a thick rhizome, generally high, but exceptionally to . A single basal leaf made up of three large leaflets on a petiole may be present. The inflorescence consists of a single tier of three leaflike bracts and a single flower. The bracts are similar to the basal leaf when the latter is present.
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Gastrochilus distichus has slim, clustered pendants with its branches stems enveloped by leaf bearing sheaths. Stems carry several narrow, two-ranked, stalkless, and long pointed fleshy leaves. he plant blooms in spring on a leaf opposed, hairless. slender, raceme-like, 2-4 flowered, more or less sigmoid- shaped inflorescence with 2 distant, lanceolate, basally tubular bracts and oblong, subacute floral bracts.
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Hyacinthoides is classified in the subfamily Scilloideae (now part of the family Asparagaceae, but formerly treated as a separate family, called Hyacinthaceae), alongside genera such as Scilla and Ornithogalum. Hyacinthoides is differentiated from these other genera by the presence of two bracts at the base of each flower, rather than one bract per flower or no bracts in the other genera.
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While the stalks of each single flower in the flower clusters called pedicels, are thin and often sessile. The whorl of bracts beneath the inflorescences is called involucre. It consists of phyllaries, modified bracts, which are linear-lanceolate or linear and 1–2 cm long. It also consists of smaller young phyllaries, which are glabrous and 5–15 mm long.
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Bracts lanceolate, densely ribbed. Bracts in the first whorl as long as the pedicels, in the other whorls they are a third shorter. Pedicels 1 - 3.5 cm long, sepals broadly ovate, leather-like, densely ribbed, 5 – 6 mm long, petals white, obovate, 15 – 18 mm long, stamens 20 - 24, filaments longer than the anthers, pistils numerous, style longer than the ovary.
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The leaf stalk (petiole) is 3–5 mm long. The flowers are both stalked and stalkless. The plant carries 1–3 male and female flowers together. There are four narrow conspicuous bracts, 2–5 mm long, which are densely covered in matted yellowish brown hairs, and two inner bracts which may or may not be obscure, and which are very sticky.
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The variety spathulatum has shorter, more spathulate leaves, whilst the leaves of var.pumilum are longer and more linear. Arising from the basally sheathing leaves is an inflorescence containing a white, woolly scape with few leaf-like bracts, 20-100mm long. Forming a rosette around the flower head are elliptic to linear shaped bracts, or phyllaries, resembling the look of ray florets.
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The inflorescence consists of nodding spikelike racemes with numerous drooping flowers. The flowers are bright blue-violet (rarely white), 2 to 4 cm long, with short petioles standing to one side in the axils of the bracts. The bracts are quite different and smaller than the leaves. The sepals are lanceolate to ovate- lanceolate, entire, wide at the base up to 2.5 mm.
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This wildflower is a perennial herb up to about 40 centimeters tall and coated in glandular and nonglandular hairs. The leaves are a few centimeters long and lance-shaped to oblong. The inflorescence is made up of layers of bracts tipped in shades of pale yellow to bright red or pink. Between the bracts emerge the yellow-green, sometimes red-tinted, tubular flowers.
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This is a branching perennial herb growing a hairy stem up to about 45 centimeters in maximum height. The linear leaves are 3 to 5 centimeters long. The glandular, hairy inflorescence is made up of pale green bracts tipped in pale red to bright yellow. Between the bracts emerge the pouched flowers which are tinted with purple or yellow along the edges.
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Conspicuously white-tipped bracts occur underneath each flower. The side petals have a green central stripe, and the lip (bottom petal) is distinctly ragged.
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The bracts are ciliate, long, and have elliptic nutlets. The flowers bloom from June to July and the fruits ripe from July to August.
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The cones with their papery bracts, that look like spruce cones and are known as “sabulosum cones”, are sometimes gathered and used in potpourri.
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Green or red fruits occur in dense clusters enclosed in disc-shaped leaf-like bracts, with the 2 round bracteoles pressed together, after flowering.
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Small, shrubby perennial plants with spiny leaves. Flowers white or pink, sessile in solitary or globose heads. Spiny bracts. Calyx cylindrical, with 5 teeth.
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Bougainvillea glabra is sometimes referred to as "paper flower" because the bracts are thin and papery. The fruit is a narrow five-lobed achene.
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Between the bracts emerge the lobed flowers, which are yellow to light purple or rose. The fruit is a capsule about a centimeter long.
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Because of this, the main axis may show, in acropetal succession, all three types of bracts, or two types or only the glumaceous type.
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The plant is monoecious with both sexes in each flower. The flowers have no scent. The bracts subtending the inflorescence are deep pink in colour.
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Inflorescence is up to 10 cm (4 inches) long with densely hairy spikelet bracts and fascicles.Alexeev, Eugeniy Borisovich. Novosti Sistematiki Vysshchikh Rastenii 22: 28. 1985.
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Trillium angustipetalum is a rhizomatous perennial herb with one or more erect stems growing up to in height. There is a whorl of three large leaves generally described as bracts each measuring up to in length and round or somewhat oval. They are green and mottled with brownish or darker green spots. Each stem produces one flower, which is held on top of the bracts.
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Pseudotrillium rivale is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial growing up to in height. The three bracts have generally lance-shaped blades up to long borne on petioles in length. The blades are glossy blue-green with silvery venations. Atop the whorl of bracts, on a pedicel high, is a single nodding non-fragrant flower with green sepals and pink-blushed white petals up to long by wide.
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These bracts lend the plant its name, atropurpurea (from the Latin ater or "black", and purple). It should not be confused with E. bravoana, which is endemic to the nearby island of La Gomera and also has purple-red bracts. The fruit is a red capsule with three dark brown seeds. Like other plants in the genus Euphorbia, it produces a toxic white latex if cut.
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A. novae-zelandiae is a mat- forming/cushion-forming species and has fewer anthers (two anthers) than most Actinotus species. It is very like A. suffocatus but differs in that leaves are not clearly petiolate, the leaf apex is cartilaginous, and there are 5-6 bracts subtending the captula which are broadly ovate-triangular whereas A. suffocatus has 8-13 bracts which are narrowly triangular to oblong.
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The upright stems of this species, which may branch, are terminated by a spike of pink to purple bracts amongst which the tubular flowers appear. Younger, lower bracts are green however, as the pink/purple colour appears and deepens only with time. The plant grows up to 40 or 60 cm high. The ordinary leaves are lanceolate and opposite and may have short teeth.
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Outer involucral bracts large, leafy of varying lengths, lanceolate to ovate, the inner scarious, shiny, stiff and spreading when dry. Inner involucral bracts shorter than the outer, scarious, recurved, spiny at the apex, blackish or purplish brown . Receptacle flat, scales persistent divided into linear segments, bristles also sometimes present, often tipped with red. Florets creamy yellow, hermaphrodite, all with a tubular 5-lobed corolla, ray florets absent.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers, each flower surrounded by six hairy bracts which are grayish to pink in color and tipped with awns. One bract is longer than the others and has a straight awn, and the other smaller bracts may have hooked awns. The tiny flower at the center of the bract array is a few millimeters wide and white and yellow in color.
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The inflorescence is filled with tightly packed pointed bracts between which bloom the flowers. Each flower has a double-lipped white corolla around 2.5 to 3 centimeters long. There may be pale purple markings in the flower's throat. The open flowers and rounded buds sitting on the cluster of green bracts resemble white birds and eggs in a nest, giving the plant its common name.
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In common with several other plants of the genus Helichrysum, the immortelle plant possesses a large involucre of dry scale- like or scarious bracts, which preserve their appearance when dried, provided the plant be gathered in proper condition. The colour of the bracts is a deep yellow. The evergreen, downy, gray ash foliage becomes almost white in summer, making Helichrysum orientale an attractive plant for gardening.
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Each flower is subtended by a long hairy bract, and the overall appearance has led to the nickname "Cousin Itt lobelia". The bird- pollinated flowers of L. telekii are hidden among the large bracts within the inflorescence. The leaves and bracts are blue-green, and the flowers purple. Each flower can produce up to several hundred small (<1mm diameter) dark seeds, which are passively dispersed.
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Acalypha rhomboidea is quite similar to Acalypha virginica. The two may be distinguished by the number of lobes on the bracts; the latter has 9-15 lobes whereas the former has only 5-9. Acalypha rhomboidea also resembles young redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), but may be distinguished from the latter by the flower clusters, bracts, and occasionally bronze-green leaves of the former.
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Bracts underneath the umbel (usually four) enclose it, more or less to the same height as the tips of the flowers. The bracts, which are usually coloured, persist throughout flowering and fruiting. Individual flowers are described as being green, pink or pale red in colour. The tepals are fused at the base forming a tube about a third of the length of the flower.
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The involucre is up to 1 cm (0.7 in) in diameter and consists of three to four rows of bracts. These bracts are overlapping, densely glandular, and have a papery margin in particular above the middle. Around ten female ray florets have violet ligules of about long and wide. They encircle numerous bisexual yellow disc florets, with a yellow, often tinged reddish brown, corolla of about long.
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These bracts overlap, are wide, are covered in glandular and bristly hairs, and have a papery fringe. The outer bracts are about and the inner about long. The fifteen or so female ray florets have blue-violet ligules of about long and wide. They encircle numerous bisexual disc florets, with a yellow corolla of about high, that is sometimes washed red at the five triangular free lobes.
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Wittwer's darwinia is an erect shrub with a single stem growing to a height of . The leaves are well spaced along the branches, linear in shape, triangular in cross-section, long and less than wide. The flowers hang in groups of 5 to 9 surrounded by large, leaf like bracts. The inner bracts are elliptic to egg-shaped, long, wide and partly cream and partly pink.
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Pimelea physodes, commonly known as Qualup bell, is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has egg-shaped to narrow elliptical leaves and distinctive bell-like inflorescences with tiny greenish flowers surrounded by long elliptical bracts. The inflorescence resembles those of some of the only distantly-related darwinia "bells" and the bracts are a combination of red, purple, green and cream-coloured.
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Castilleja lineariiloba is an annual herb growing up to about 45 centimeters tall. The leaves are up to about 7 centimeters long and covered in glandular hairs. The large inflorescence is made up of many greenish bracts tipped in white, yellow, or pale purple. Between the bracts are the pouched, lipped flowers, which may be white, yellow, or rose in color, and sometimes speckled with darker shades.
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This wildflower is a perennial herb growing up to about 80 centimeters tall, slender and green to dark purple in herbage color. The lance-shaped leaves are 3 to 6 centimeters long, pointed, and coated in thin hairs. The inflorescence is made up of bright red to pale orange or orange-tipped bracts. Between the bracts emerge the yellow-green, red-edged tubular flowers.
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The leaves one the peduncles are line-shaped, up to about 1 mm ( in) long and 1 mm (0.06 in) wide. The flower heads sit individually at the end of unbranching stalk, that carry narrow leaves almost to the top, are hairy and are occasionally also glandular. The involucre consists of three whorls of bracts. These bracts are bristly and glandular, becoming less hairy further in.
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Inner series long and quite broad, acuminate, 40 - 80mm in length, 20 - 25mm in width, densely hairy; innermost series spatulate, 100 - 120mm in length, 10 - 15mm in width, terminally hooked. The bracts vary in colour from dark to almost black at the base in the outer series, to a deep carmine or crimson in the inner series; the dense hairs give a silvery appearance to the bracts, which are tipped with short white hairs along the margins at the apex. The colour has also been described as reddish pink, and that of the outer bracts dark red, with the inner being pink. It is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower.
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Felicia bellidioides is a perennial plant of up to about high, that is assigned to the daisy family. Most of the narrowly inverted egg-shaped leaves are silky hairy and in a basal rosette with no or few very narrow bracts on the stalk in the subspecies bellidioides. In the subspecies foliosa, the narrower leaves are not silky hairy but variously bristly and glandular, with more and larger bracts on the inflorescence stalk. The flowerheads sit individually on top of a long peduncle and consist of an involucre with only two worls of bracts, about twenty purplish blue ray florets, surrounding many yellow disc florets.
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The flower heads are large and are set individually at the end of the long shoots on stalks of about 4 cm long that carry two to three small bracts, covered in perpendicular bristly hairs. The involucre is about 1½ cm (0.6 in) in diameter and consists of bracts arranged in about four rows. These bracts are large, overlapping, narrowly oblong, obtuse, gland-covered, red at the top, slightly serrated, the outer 3 mm (0.12 in) long and 1 mm (0.04 in) wide with few bristles, the inner 7 mm (0.28 in) long and 1½ mm (0.06 in) wide with a narrow papery edge.
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The inner whorl consist of only two, much larger, hairless or coarsely hairy bracts that usually are green in colour with purple tips or entirely tinged purple. The inner bracts form a sheath around the tube of the floret. The outer of these two bracts clasps the inner one, is keeled, split in two or three at the very tip, has three parallel veins along its length. The florets have a 5-merous star-symmetrical trumpet-shaped corolla consisting of a short tube near the base and five longer, spreading, oblong to line- shaped lobes at the top, and all contain both male and female parts.
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The single fold, lanceolate leaflets may be few to numerous, usually with armed margins and caducous scales, with conspicuous midribs and transverse veinlets. The inflorescence is produced at the top of the stem amongst the most distal, often reduced leaves, axis adnate to the internode and emerging from the leaf sheath mouth. The peduncle is short, the prophyll is tubular and two-keeled, peduncular bracts usually absent, and the rachis is much longer than the peduncle. The rachis bracts are tubular and more or less distichous, each subtending a horizontal or pendulous first order branch which features basal, tubular bracts with triangular limbs carrying monopodial flower clusters.
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The common base is narrowly conical in shape with a pointy tip 3–3½ cm (1.2–1.4 in) long and ¾ cm (0.3 in) wide. The bracts that subtend the flower head consists of oval bracts with a pointy tip of wide and about long, overlapping and pressed against the common base, rubbery and with some short and soft hair. The bracts at the foot of each individual flower are concave, embrace the perianth at its base, have a pointy, incurved tip long and about wide, with a rubbery consistency and thickly woolly at its base. The perianth is 3–3½ cm long, yellow, orange or crimson in color.
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They are sometimes hairy. Light purple flowers grow in the leaf axils. They have hairy bracts and sepals. The back sepal tapers into a long spur.
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American pokeweed, each supporting many small pedicels. Agave with emergent peduncle. The flowers have not yet emerged from the buds. Note bracts and branches at nodes.
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The inside of the bracts are bright red. The florets turn from whitish to bright red. The plant is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower.
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This refers to the form of the corolla, which is composed of three membranous bracts that create a profile similar to that of a human ear.
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Usually six flowers bloom in a bell-shaped involucre of five partly fused bracts. Each five-lobed, funnel-shaped flower is wide and magenta in color.
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The plant has linear and very hispid bracts, the sepals are long harboring pink-red corollas. The fruit is a very hirsute pod with yellowish hairs.
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The closely related Hylomecon vernalis has only one flower on each stem, and the greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) has branched stems and no bracts or bracteoles.
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The bracts shed early, peduncles long and calyx lobes long. The seed capsule is elliptic to cone shaped and long. Flowering occurs in spring and summer.
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Different authors accept from four to 18 species in the genus. The inflorescence consists of large colourful sepal-like bracts which surround three simple waxy flowers.
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The hairless involucre consists of hairless, cartilaginous bracts (or phyllaries) with papery, sometimes serrated edges. Those on the outside are oval, the inner phyllaries are narrower.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of many flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts with awl-shaped lobes. The flowers are white and under a centimeter in length.
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The specific epithet (oxylepis) is derived from the Greek words meaning "sharp" and meaning "flake" or "scale", referring to the shape of the bracts enclosing the flowers.
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It is similar to O. decaryana in floral morphology but is easily distinguished from that species by the very narrow leaves and the long, linear floral bracts.
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The flowers grow in lateral and terminal glomerulus. They are hermaphrodite, pentamerous and actinomorphic, accompanied with scaly silver bracts bigger that themselves. The fruit is an achene.
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Female flowers resemble pineapples. In Hawaiʻi the male flower is called hīnano and the bracts are used for making very fine mats (moena hīnano' or ʻahu hīnano).
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Eriocaulon australasicum is a small, annual, semi-aquatic herb with a tuft of basal linear leaves which are 20–50 mm long by 1–1.5 mm wide. The flowers occur as egg-shaped to almost globular heads 3–4 mm wide. These are enclosed in lance-shaped outer bracts and by linear inner bracts. The fruits are smooth, with three celled capsules, which each contain a single seed.
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It is a herbaceous, perennial plant with a stem up to 8 cm long. It grows in the form of a compact rosette, commonly less than 5 cm in diameter, with fleshy, obovate-oblanceolate, full-margin and accumulated apex leaves. The inflorescence is a simple, reddish zinc, 10 to 22.5 cm high, with several alternate ascending, succulent, green, reddish or pink-orange bracts. The corolla includes petals similar to bracts.
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Castilleja foliolosa is a perennial wildflower that grows up to 60 centimeters tall and is coated in woolly white or gray branching hairs. The leaves are linear in shape and up to 5 centimeters long. The inflorescence is made up of layers of bracts tipped in bright orange-red to dull yellowish green. Between the colorful bracts appear the nondescript flowers, which are greenish in color and pouch-shaped.
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The San Clemente Island Indian paintbrush is a perennial herb coated densely in long gray hairs. The highly branching stem grows 40 to 60 centimeters tall and bears linear leaves each a few centimeters long. The inflorescence is made up of layers of bracts one to two centimeters long, gray-green in color at the bases and tipped with greenish yellow. Between the bracts emerge dull yellow pouched flowers.
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The flower head is surrounded by fleshy, petal-like appendages called 'involucral bracts'. These bracts have a white woolly indumentum on their outer surface, but their base and the inner surface is coloured a brilliant carmine. This colour pattern is opposite that of most rodent-pollinated proteas, which usually have flower heads with dark outer bract surfaces and a whitish centre. The plant is monoecious, both sexes appear in each flower.
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The stemlike inflorescences grow erect to a maximum height around 30 or 35 centimeters tall. Atop the peduncle of the inflorescence is a dense spike of many small flowers each with four whitish lobes a few millimeters long. Between the flowers are long, narrow bracts which may be 3 centimeters long, the defining characteristic of the species. The bracts have fluffy hairs around their bases near the flowers.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers, each surrounded by six hook-tipped bracts. The margins of the bracts proximal to the long hooked tip may be very thin and nearly invisible to wide and obvious, and they may be green to white to purplish. The flower itself is about 3 millimeters wide and white with a yellow throat. The tips of its tepals may be smooth or jagged or toothed.
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The inflorescence has leaf-like bracts subtending the individual flowers. The bracts gradually get smaller towards the tip of the inflorescence, are always longer than the flowers and the upper ones are often tinged purple. The inflorescence forms a pyramid-shaped terminal spike and is formed of axillary whorls. The calyx of each flower is five-lobed, the bluish-violet corolla has a long tube and is fused, with two lips.
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In the majority of the species the involucral bracts have tough rubbery consistency and are usually softly hairy, overlapping and tightly pressed against the flower head. L. parile, L. tottum and L. vestitum on the other hand have thin, papery bracts. The common base of the flowers that jointly constitute a single flowerhead (called receptacle) varies considerably among species. It may be flat, globe- shaped, pointy conical or blunt cylindric.
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The bracts are tipped with hooked awns. The flower itself is just a few millimeters long, white to pink, and quite hairy. There are sometimes small inflorescences located in the cauline leaf axils along the stem. Chorizanthe membranacea is easily distinguished from other spineflowers by its relative abundance of leaves, its height and upright habit, and the fusion of the bracts of the involucre into a continuous body.
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Outer bracts mostly white in colour but can be streaked with pink, inner bracts are white or pink. The florets are in the form of corolla tubes in the pseudanthium, they are numerous and pink to purple in colour. Flowers in Summer, between December and February. This plant can be mistaken for Celmisia saxifraga but the heads lack ray florets and the leaves are not silvery and hairy above.
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Trillium albidum is a perennial herbaceous plant that spreads by means of underground rhizomes. There are three large leaf-like bracts arranged in a whorl about a scape that rises directly from the rhizome, growing to in height. The bracts are sessile and broadly ovate, each long and wide. The blades are green and weakly mottled with brown or dark green spots (which often fade later in the season).
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It is monoecious, with both sexes occurring in each flower. The inflorescences are produced in the late autumn to winter, mostly in May to June, extending to August. There are seven to eight series of involucral bracts. The outer bracts are often coloured a dull, mealy red, are shaped ovate to subacuminate (somewhat pointy), with an obtuse apex, and covered in silky-pubescent or tomentose hairs on their lower halves.
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The stems, leaves and bracts are covered with fine, downy hairs. The leaves are light green in color, 6-8 inches (15.2-20.3 centimeters) long, and quite attractive. They are evergreen with prominent veins and are arranged in opposite pairs. The actual flowers are tiny and inconspicuous, but they are borne in the center of three showy white or violet 1 inch (2.5 centimeter) long bracts that look like velvety propellers.
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The flowers are commonly borne in definite or indefinite axillary inflorescences, which are often reduced to a single flower, but may also be cauliflorous, oppositifolious, or terminal. They often bear supernumerary bracts in the structure of a bicolor unit. They can be unisexual or bisexual, and are generally actinomorphic, often associated with conspicuous bracts, forming an epicalyx. They generally have five valvate sepals, most frequently basally connate, with five imbricate petals.
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They also have yellow heads that contain multiple carpals; these stretch from 14–15 mm in diameter. They also contain three or four oblong bracts that have soft tissue and are elliptical and tipped. These bracts have hemispherical involucre or coverings. In addition, the yellow corollas of the flower are about 5–7 mm long and 1.5–2 mm wide These heads stretch to about 1.5 cm in diameter.
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The leaves are opposite, basal 1/3–2/3 connate their length. There is one ovule in each cone that is enclosed by two pairs of cone bracts. Pollen cones, consist of three or four pairs of decussate scales with broad margin, are oblong-spherical shaped, sessile or subsessile at nodes and paired or rarely solitary. Bracts of pollen cones are in two to four pairs, 1/2 connate their length.
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Each stalk terminates in a flowerhead about ½" across. This flowerhead consists of several spreading ray florets that are truncate with 5 teeth at their tips; these florets are bright golden yellow. The base of each flowerhead consists of 9-18 floral bracts in a single series; these bracts are lanceolate and about ¼" in length. They are erect while the flowerhead is blooming, but eventually become reflexed when the achenes mature.
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As with others in the genus, it is distinguished by its minute flowers which are on the end of a spike and hidden by large, overlapping, papery bracts.
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The bract color is variable within and between populations. The bracts are divided into lobes, a characteristic that can help identify the plant. Blooming occurs in July.Castilleja kaibabensis.
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The leaves are no more than a centimeter long and the flower is under two millimeters wide. The minute flower is surrounded by three hairy point- tipped bracts.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers surrounded by five hairy greenish bracts tipped with hooked awns. The flower is about 2 millimeters wide and yellow in color.
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It produces inflorescences up to 15 cm (6 inches) long, with rose-colored bracts and conspicuous violet flowers.Small, John Kunkel. Manual of the Southeastern Flora 270, 1503. 1933.
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The over-lapping flower bracts are long. The pedicel long and smooth. The smooth, yellow perianth is long and the pistil long. Flowering occurs from September to October.
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The flowers measure approx. 6.5–8 cm in diameter. The bracts and bracteole are green with membranous tips and margins. The fruits appear in late spring-early summer.
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Between the bracts emerge the hairy, tubular flowers which are greenish or yellowish and sometimes red-tinted. The fruit is a capsule up to 2 centimeters in length.
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From each rosette, usually one to three rigid, erect, dark reddish brown, ribbed, occasionally loosely woolly, sparsely glandular and slightly broadened flower stalks of long emerge, with one to three bracts that are increasingly smaller further up, which branch about halfway, are white woolly just below the mostly two, rarely one or three flower heads. The bracts that jointly surround the florets in the same head form a broadly bell-shaped to cup-shaped involucre of about hig and 1–1 cm in diameter. There are between twenty and twenty four overlapping bracts arranged in three to four whorls, occasionally with white woolly hairs and some glands on the surface, each of which is tinged dark red-violet or purplish but green in the middle, narrowly oval to narrowly inverted egg-shaped, with papery margins set with a dense, regular row of equally long hairs. The bracts in the outermost whorl are 5–7 mm (0.22–0.28 in) long and wide.
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L. tomentosum is the only species assigned to the section Leucospermum that has (some) upright branches and an underground rootstock. It can be distinguished from the other Leucospermum species by the combination of small, cartilaginous, tightly overlapping bracts subtending the flower heads with short, soft hair on the outer surface, and leaves line-shaped, gully- shaped in cross section. It can be confused with L. rodolentum that develops a single trunk at its base, L. parile that also develops a single trunk at its base and in addition has pointed involucral bracts and L. hypophyllocarpodendron subsp. canaliculatum, which shares that it has many stems from the ground, but differs in having rounded involucral bracts.
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In the British Isles, it is often encountered in a fertile state. Structures for asexual reproduction (gemmae) are also sometimes present on the edges of the leaves and bracts.
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Grevillea sessillis can be distinguished from related plant species such as G. whiteana and G. hodgei by its comparatively longer floral bracts, which are 3.5-6.5 mm in length.
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The inflorescence is an open array of flowers, each blooming in an involucre of spiny bracts lined with awn-tipped teeth. The six- lobed flowers are white to pink.
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Along the top edge of the tube are three narrow bracts tipped in hooked awns. The flower itself is only about 2 millimeters long, hairy, and white in color.
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They are generally hairy and linear in shape, and not more than 3 centimeters long. The stems branch into wide inflorescences bearing pointed bracts and flowers with spiky awns.
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Felicia canaliculata looks similar to the widespread species F. filifolia, from which it mainly differs in being covered in felty hairs, and the large flower heads with lush bracts.
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Pale-margined purple flowers emerge from between the overlapping bracts. Formerly considered Boschniakia strobilacea, some taxonomists now place it in the genus Kopsiopsis on the basis of phylogenetic evidence.
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The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The small flowers are funnel-shaped, with yellowish throats and white to pale blue corollas.
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Characterised by simple or prolific bulbs, sometimes with lateral rhizomes. Leaf sheaths long, tepals free and corona absent. Spathe formed from 2–5 bracts. Style more or less gynobasic.
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Eggs are laid one at a time on bracts, modified leaves, underneath the host plant. The eggs are round and appear flattened. Eggs begin hatching in the following spring.
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An open inflorescence usually contains functionally male and female flowers at any one time. Inflorescences range from 6–15 cm in diameter with a basal ring of coloured bracts.
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A cluster of cropped heads usually has 30 to 40 ray florets. A few shorter ray florets sometimes occur where the heads touch. The involucre that surrounds the cropped heads consist of several whorls of green, leaf-like bracts of usually wide, lanceolate, widest at midlength and with a prominent rib along the midline. The inner row of bracts surrounding the cropped heads have dense, silky hair in the lower part of their edges.
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However, C. cotyledonis can always be distinguished by the cilia on the margins of the infertile bracts lower on its peduncle, which are not in one single row. The cilia on the margins near the tips of the leaves is similarly irregular and not in a single line. Other key diagnostic characters are the obovate or oblanceolate leaves having rough, backwards-curved hair, and the inflorescence having 3 to 6 infertile bracts near its base.
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The inflorescence has a series of five to seven narrow, linear bracts, which are pale yellow stained with green spots. Farther up the inflorescence, there are long floral bracts that are longer than the ovary. The inflorescence is a simple raceme with about 20 to 25 flowers with green sepals and petals with purple veins. Oeceoclades longebracteata is a terrestrial species found growing on gritty sand in clear undergrowth in deciduous forests.
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Many asteraceous plants have bracts at the base of each inflorescence. The term involucre is also used for a highly conspicuous bract or bract pair at the base of an inflorescence. In the family Betulaceae, notably in the genera Carpinus and Corylus, the involucre is a leafy structure that protects the developing nuts. Beggar-tick (Bidens comosa) has narrow involucral bracts surrounding each inflorescence, each of which also has a single bract below it.
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Stem leaves sparse, much reduced, very narrow in length with parallel sides (linear) and toothed, with the teeth pointing towards the leaf tip (serrate). Flower heads solitary with ray-florets absent and receptacle scales present. Involcural bracts are ovoid to spheric in shape, 10 to 15 mm in diameter. The bracts are in several series, up to eight in number, ending in a short deciduous spines or with a short sharp point (mucronate).
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As usual in peonies, there is a gradation between leaves, bracts and sepals. One to five bracts defined as those immediately below the calyx, have various shapes, ranging from incised and leaf-like to entire and sepal-like. Sepals are rounded or triangular-rounded, mostly green, but sometimes with a pink inside, dark red or purple. They have a much broader base and a smaller, narrower, rounded or suddenly pointed (or mucronate) dark green tip.
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The inflorescences which are in the axils of leaves or deciduous bracts, include panicles (rarely heads), racemes, compound cymes, or pseudoumbels (spikes in Cassytha), and are sometimes enclosed by decussate bracts. The flowers are bisexual only or staminate and bisexual on some plants, pistillate and bisexual on others. The flowers are usually yellow to greenish or white, rarely reddish. The hypanthium are well- developed, resembling calyx tube tepals and the stamens perigynous.
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The flowers are arranged in compound umbels, without involucral bracts (or with inconspicuous bracts). The flowers are white or yellow, more rarely a purple or maroon color. As with most Apiaceae, the fruit sets the genus apart from other yellow- or white-flowered look-alikes such as Cymopterus and Oreogenia. Uniquely, they are dorsally flattened and winged, which can be papery or corky, but help the seed to disperse further on the wind.
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Tacca integrifolia is a herb growing from a thick, cylindrical rhizome. The leaf blades are borne on long stems and are oblong-elliptical to oblong-lanceolate, some , with tapering bases and slender pointed tips. The flower scape is about long and is topped with a pair of involucral bracts, broad and erect, white with mauve venation. Among the individual nodding flowers, which are arranged in an umbel, are further long, filiform (thread-like) bracts.
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All stems terminate in spike-like apparently jointed inflorescences. Each joint consists of two opposite minute bracts with an (1-) 3-flowered cyme tightly embedded in cavities of the main axis and partly hidden by the bracts. The flowers are arranged in a triangle, both lateral flowers beneath the central flower. The hermaphrodite flowers are more or less radially symmetric, with a perianth of three fleshy tepals united nearly to the apex.
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The part of the spikelet that bears the florets is called the rachilla. A spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one external—the lemma—and one internal—the palea. The flowers are usually hermaphroditic—maize being an important exception—and mainly anemophilous or wind-pollinated, although insects occasionally play a role.
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The inflorescences are specialised structures called pseudanthia, also known simply as flower heads, containing hundred of reduced flowers, called florets. The flower heads are surrounded by 'involucral bracts'; these bracts are coloured a greenish-cream, and at their apexes are fringed with white or beige-coloured beards of hair. It is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower. The blooms are produced in the autumn, mostly in May to June, extending from March to September.
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Liparis bracteata is an epiphytic or lithophytic, clump- forming herb with smooth, dark green, cone-shaped pseudobulbs long, wide and covered with leaf like bracts when young. Each pseudobulb has two linear to lance-shaped, dark green leaves and wide. Between seven and twelve pale green flowers, long and wide are borne on a flowering stem long. The flowering stem has up to fifteen bracts and the flowers turn yellow as they age.
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Cymes of three flowers are sitting in the axils of fleshy, opposite bracts. The flowers are bisexual (sometimes the stamens of the lateral flowers mey be missing) and proterandric. The central flower is four-angled, the two lateral flowers are three-angled. The perianth consists of 3–4 joined tepals usually concrescent to the apex, these are directed upwards and protrude the length of the bracts by up to one-third to one-half.
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The plant attains a height of about . Its flowers are white. Flowers glabrous white with narrowly lanceolate bracts. Dorsal sepals are erect, obtuse at the tip and prominently 3-nerved.
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These involucral bracts are set in approximately three whorls. The common base of the flowers of the same head is inverted cone-shaped with a flat top and in diameter.
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Macior, L. W. (1987). Pollination ecology and endemic adaptation of Pedicularis howellii Gray (Scrophulariaceae). Plant Species Biology 1:2 163-72. Between the flowers are hairy to woolly triangular bracts.
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The inflorescence at the end of each stem is a raceme of many small five-petalled white flowers surrounded by rounded or oval bracts with pointed, lobed, or notched tips.
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Characterised by simple or prolific bulbs, sometimes with lateral rhizomes. Leaf sheaths long, tepals free and corona absent. Spathe formed from 2–5 bracts. Style position apical relative to ovary.
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The inflorescence bears rosy red bracts and violet or white petals. It is a semi-cold hardy bromeliad that can tolerate temperatures down to 25°F for a few hours.
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The species has terminal spike inflorescences and very short bracts with simple to highly branched flowers. Seed produced is reddish to black and less than 1/32 inch in diameter.
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It is only long. It lives in phytotelmata of plants in the order Zingiberales, small pools of water that may form in upright bracts or leaf axils of a plant.
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Some flowers are bisexual and others are female, the female flowers shorter. The bracts are sessile, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, long and wide. The fruit is green and long.
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The inflorescence is made up of spike- like clusters of numerous purple flowers that are bilaterally symmetric. Each cluster is across. Bracts are generally round long. Each calyx is usually .
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It is instantly recognisable by its blue-green foliage, very narrow, undulate leaves, and purple-tipped involucral bracts. It reproduces only by seed, which are easily blown and spread by wind.
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Castilleja kaibabensis is a woody perennial herb with hairy stems and hairy, lance-shaped leaves. The inflorescence contains hairy bracts in shades of yellow and orange.Castilleja kaibabensis. Center for Plant Conservation.
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The inflorescences are in clusters subsessile or with peduncle up to 1 cm, ovoid to cylindrical, , while bracts reach . Petals are yellow and glabrous. This plant blooms from June to August.
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The flower heads are yellow sulfur, about five centimeter wide. Involucral bracts vary from seven to eight. Blooms are abundant throughout the Spring. The flowering period extends from March through August.
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The inflorescence is covered in glandular hairs. It contains many lance-shaped yellow or orange bracts and flower corollas long. Blooming occurs in July and August. The plant reproduces by seed.
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The bracts which subtend the inflorescence are longer than it. It flowers from October to February and fruits from October to June and the nuts are dispersed by granivory and wind.
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The inflorescence arises on a stout purple or greenish peduncle up to about 14 centimeters tall. At the top is a rounded cluster of purple flowers sheathed in purple-veined bracts.
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The pollen is furrowed. The female strobili also occur in whorls, with bracts which fuse around a single ovule. There are generally 1-2 yellow to dark brown seeds per strobilus.
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The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The small flowers have yellow throats and blue corollas with lobes up to half a centimeter long.
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The inflorescence bears flowers accompanied by hairy, lobed red-green bracts. The flower is up to 2 centimeters long, made up of a dark-veined pink pouch enveloped in darker sepals.
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Hakea lissocarpha was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown. It is named from the Greek lissos - smooth and carphos - dry grass, referring to the bracts surrounding the flower bud.
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The overlapping bracts lance-shaped, rounded or sharply pointed and jagged. The fruit is brown, dry, wedge shaped, flattened and long covered in short bristles. Flowering occurs in spring and summer.
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The main characters of Globulostylis are the few-flowered inflorescences with a pair of bracts at the apex of the peduncle and the style with a swelling in the lower half.
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The fruit is about 1.5 mm long and hairless. One variety of this species is described: A. hercegovina. var. Prodani Degen, whose members are mostly hairy: stalking, leaves, bracts and crown.
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It is a moderately fast-growing tree, growing to in height, with alternate cordate leaves resembling those of a linden in appearance, except that they are symmetrical, and lacking the lop-sided base typical of linden leaves; the leaves are mostly 10–20 cm long and 7–15 cm wide and are ovate to heart-shaped. Davidia involucrata is best known for its inflorescence that features white bracts surrounding a purplish-red flower head. The Latin specific epithet involucrata means "with a ring of bracts surrounding several flowers". These form a tight cluster about 1–2 cm across, each flower head with a pair of large (12–25 cm), pure white bracts at the base performing the function of petals.
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Each flower head contains as many as 25–35 individual flowers, while those lower down usually contain the fewest flowers. The bracts that encircle the flower heads are tightly overlapping. The bracts in the outer whorl are oval with a blunt tip, later slightly spade-shaped, 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.08–0.12 in) wide, covered in dense woolly hairs at the base, rounded, thickened, and eventually hairless at the tip. The bracts in the inner whorl are 6–8 mm (¼–⅓ in) long and 1–1½ mm (0.04–0.06 in) wide, lance-shaped with a pointy tip, covered in dense silky hairs, cartilaginous in consistency but growing three to four times as large an becoming woody after fertilisation.
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They are acaulescent or sometimes shortly caulescent plants, with a size of 6–8 cm high. The leaves 4–9 cm long; with pods 0.6–1 cm wide, densely patent fabric; narrow triangular sheets, 0.3-0.4 cm wide, dense lepidota indument, foliaceous bracts; compound inflorescence (of simple appearance due to the reduction of the spikes to 1 flower), with 1-3 flowers, primary foliaceous bracts, much longer than the spikes, floral bracts 3 cm long, longer than the sepals and covering them in the anthesis, ecarinated, inconspicuously nervate, glabrous, membranous, sessile flowers; sepals are 2 cm long, free, the posterior carinate, the anterior ecarinated; purple petals. Capsules are 2.5-4.5 cm long.Cáceres González, DA, K. Schulte, M. Schmidt & G. Zizka. 2013.
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The terminal branches of the stem are up to 20 cm long and mostly do not carry bracts. Two types of flowerhead (or capitula) occur: early – probably cleistogamous – subterranean flowerheads at the base under the rosette leaves, which have between one and three florets, and capitula on the stems, which have many florets. The papery whitish or beige bracts, sometimes with a dark midvein or base, surround each flowerhead and form a bell-shaped involucre of 1½–3 cm long, and ¾–1½ cm in diameter. The involucral bracts on the outside are egg- shaped, 4–5 mm long and about 2½ mm wide, while the inner ones are more narrow, 9–20 mm long and 3–6 mm wide, with a pointy or tapering tip.
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Subspecies smitinandii is a slender rattan, clustering and growing up to 10m, rarely to 20m, it often flowers and fruits at 2-3m. Its stems without sheaves are 4-8mm in diameter. The leaf sheath is densely covered in solitary spines, 1-13mm long. The bracts on the smitinandii rachis are elongate, split for at least half their length, opening out and becoming flattened and tattering; first order branches are inserted about half way along length of the bracts.
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Containing up to 250 individual flowers, the domed flowerheads are crimson in colour and measure in diameter. They are cupped in a whorl of leafy bracts which are long and also red. Variations are not uncommon; some flowerheads may be more globular or cone-shaped than dome- shaped, and the bracts may be whitish or dark red. The tips of the stigmas of some inflorescences may be whitish, contrasting with the red colour of the rest of the flowerhead.
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Flowers are greenish in color, and often tinged with purple, reddish, or red-brown color. Flowers are subtended by conspicuous long, tapering bracts which are 1–6 cm long, with the lower bracts longer and typically greatly exceeding the length of the flower. Sepals are oval with little or no point, 3–7 mm long and 2–4 mm wide and dark green. Sepals join with petals to form a hood opposite the lower petal of the flower.
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It is a shrub which has numerous stems and grows up to 1.5 metres high, often less. The plant blooms mainly from January to March. This species is monoecious with both sexes in each flower. The flowers are grouped together in a tight-packed inflorescence ('flower-head'), surrounded by petal-looking bracts, which is 6–9 cm in diameter, and is coloured creamy- white, often tinged with pink at the tips of the innermost bracts and the flowers.
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Polyarrhena stricta is an ascending or erect low shrublet of about high with the outer whorl of involucral bracts hairless in the lower third or with some stiff hairs, narrowly ovate or lancet-shaped ascending leaves. P. reflexa subsp. reflexa is an ascending or erect high shrublet of about high with the outer whorl of involucral bracts hairless in the lower third or with some stiff hairs, broadly ovate reflexed leaves of long. P. reflexa subsp.
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It is an erect herb producing a hairy stem up to about half a meter in maximum height. The leaves are up to 4 centimeters long and mainly arranged about the base of the plant, with a whorl of leaves at the middle of the stem as well. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers, each surrounded by six purple to bright pink bracts which may be all fused together. The bracts are tipped in straight awns.
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Eryngium armatum is a low perennial herb growing patches of thick green to yellow-green leaves, each long and straight, sometimes with serrated or toothed edges. Atop stout stems are inflorescences of spiky flower heads each nearly a centimeter wide. Each is surrounded by seven or eight long, sharp-pointed bracts about two centimeters long, and sometimes more layers of bractlets on top. The tiny white to purplish flowers are tucked between the layers of bracts.
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The leafless flowering stem (scape) is also sometimes purple-spotted, and either appears from among the leaves or pushes through the side of the pseudostem. The flowers are borne at the top of the scape in the form of a many-flowered umbel. Four or more bracts are present under the umbel at first. In some species, such as Scadoxus membranaceus, these bracts persist during flowering; in other species they wither before the flowers are fully open.
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Inflorescence is many-headed, bright yellow, and the flowering spike grows to have a flat top. The flower heads are cylindrical, about in diameter; surrounded with a whorl of five to seven bracts, to long which are surrounded by two to four smaller bracts or bracteoles. Three to six ray florets; each ligule approximately long; ten to twelve disc florets, to long. When cultivated in the gardens of the National Museums of Kenya, it has orange florets.
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Bracts can be leaflike (Beta macrorhiza) or very small, the upper half of the inflorescence often without bracts. The bisexual flowers consist of (3-) 5 basally connate perianth segments (either greenish, dorsally ridged and with hooded tips, or petaloid and whitish, yellowish, reddish, or greenish), 5 stamens, and a semi-inferior ovary with 2-3 (-5) stigmas. The fruit (utricle) is immersed in the swollen, hardened perianth base. The fruit is indehiscent or dehiscence eventually circumscissile.
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Pimelea aeruginosa is an upright, spindly small shrub, high with smooth stems. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, sessile or almost so, narrowly egg-shaped or narrow and broader at the apex, smooth, uniformly coloured throughout, long, wide. The pendulous inflorescence consist of numerous compact yellow flowers. The over-lapping flower bracts are mostly in pairs of 3-6, broadly elliptic to rounded, long, wide, smooth, occasionally inner bracts may be yellowish with hairs on the edges.
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Pycnosorus is a genus of six species of plants in the daisy family Asteraceae. Commonly known as billy buttons or drumsticks, they are annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs with a cylindrical to spherical head of up to 200 daisy- like "flowers". Each "flower" is a pseudanthium consisting of between three and eight florets surrounded by bracts. The petals are joined to form a small tube and the florets with their surrounding bracts are yellow or golden- yellow.
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Its leaves are finely dissected, into segments that are 1–4 mm wide. It can be distinguished from the similar-looking Glandularia pulchella by its long flower bracts, and wider leaf segments.
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This perennial herb grows 15 to 30 centimeters tall and blooms in inflorescences with small flowers and large light yellow bracts. It is probably "somewhat parasitic."Castilleja aquariensis. Center for Plant Conservation.
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The leaves are flat. The inflorescence is single group of 3-5 green and red flowers. The central flower has no bracts, unlike the surrounding flowers. It flowers from April to October.
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Peduncles with 1 to several heads, wooly. Involucral bracts broad, very densely white- tomentose. Heads about 2.5 cm across with numerous yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers.David Bramwell and Zoë Bramwell.
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Lepidobotrys is derived from Greek, meaning 'scale-cluster'. The name is in reference to the cone-like arrangement of its bracts, which extend under the flowers.Gledhill, David (2008). "The Names of Plants".
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Characterised by simple or prolific bulbs, sometimes with lateral rhizomes. Leaf sheaths long, tepals more or less fused and corona absent. Spathe formed from 1–2 bracts. Style more or less gynobasic.
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Characterised by simple or prolific bulbs, sometimes with lateral rhizomes. Leaf sheaths long, tepals more or less fused and corona absent. Spathe formed from 1–2 bracts. Style more or less gynobasic.
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A herb with prostrate stems up to 4 dm long, which are sticky and hairy. Head-like clusters of whitish, tubular flowers surrounded by 5 oval bracts bloom in July and August.
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The inflorescence is topped by a head (coma) of up to 30 bracts, sometimes quite small. The plant lacks the purple coloration found other large species of Eucomis, such as Eucomis comosa.
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Gladiolus dichrous is a species of flowering plant found in mountainous regions of South Sudan, Kenya and Uganda. It has relatively small flowers usually hidden under large green or rose coloured bracts.
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The flavor resembles that of artichoke. As with artichokes, both the fleshy part of the bracts and the heart are edible. See also the link on that page for Banana Flower Salad.
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They usually form a small calyx with small bracts. The fruit is in most cases a berry or a drupe. The genera Diervilla and Weigela have capsular fruit, while Heptacodium has an achene.
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The alternating bracts are arranged in 2 files along the raceme, and eventually turn papery as they dry out. The small, cylindrical pods release their tiny black and red seeds by explosive dehiscence.
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This plant grows up to about tall. It is entirely brown or purplish to gray in color. In June and July it bears inflorescences of cream and pink colored bracts and flowers.Castilleja salsuginosa.
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Flowers appearing between the bracts are a bit longer and covered in hairs. They are green to purple lined with red or yellow. The fruit is a capsule just over a centimeter long.
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The upper leaves become progressively shorter and narrower. The flower heads are 6mm long. The bracts of the flower heads have a green centre, and chaffy brown edges. The florets are pale brown.
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Hyperoside, the 3-O-galactoside of quercetin, can be found in R. rhaponticum, where it may serve as a UV blocker found in the bracts. It also contains the hydroxystilbenes rhaponticin and desoxyrhaponticin.
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The inflorescence is a rounded cluster of flowers held on a peduncle which may be erect and several centimeters tall or nearly nonexistent. The purple flowers are sheathed in dark-veined white bracts.
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The petals are more or less equal in length to inner bracts, smooth or with small hairs. The stamens long with light red hairs on lower half. Flowering occurs from July to September.
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The leaves are divided into several narrow, threadlike linear lobes. The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The small flowers have white to light blue corollas.
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A shrub of roughly 30 cm. It has small (5x3mm) leaves that are light grey and woolly underneath. The flowerheads appear in Spring. They are yellow, 10mm wide, with sticky, yellow-green bracts.
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Its central segments are obovate-cuneate, its lateral segments are oblique-ovate. Umbels are 4–10 cm across; bracts are either 2-3 or absent, ovate-lanceolate, 5-10 x circa 2mm, pubescent.
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The inflorescence is a raceme about 50 cm long. The bracts are leafy. The stalk of the inflorescense is 2–6 cm long. The sepals are up to 2 mm long and free.
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Each pedicel has 2 bracts. Its yellow flowers are either male or have both male and female reproductive organs. Its flowers have 3 oval to triangular sepals that are 4-6 millimeters long.
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Scadoxus multiflorus The genera of Haemanthinae share brush-like inflorescences, in which the bracts frequently form part of the pollinator attraction system. Not all Scadoxus form bulbs, while all species of Haemanthus do.
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The flower heads sit individually at the tip of an indistinct inflorescence stalk. These stalks are up to about 2 cm long, leafy, mostly covered in protruding bristly hairs and glands. The greenish involucre that envelops the florets is up to in diameter, and consists of three to four rows of overlapping bracts that are lance-shaped to inverted lance-shaped. The bracts in the outer whorl are about long and wide, covered in bristly hair and often with glands.
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A. duttonii has a stem which is generally unbranched and less than twenty centimeters in length; the stem may present short hairs or none at all. Leaves of this species are eight to twelve millimeters in length, lanceolate to obovate in shape. The margins of this spiny leaf are occasionally serrate. The terminal inflorescences have bracts of about five to eleven millimeters; moreover, these bracts are ovate and green at the flower, with five or seven marginal spines, each three to seven millimeters.
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Cannabis plants are broadly covered with sessile glands, and other hairs throughout above-ground portions of the plant. There is a particularly high concentration of glands on the bracts of the female plant. After flower formation begins, some of the glands, especially on bracts near the flowers, develop stalks projecting them outward from the plant surface. The glands consist of a layer of disk cells, whose outer surface splits to create a large secretory cavity lined by cell wall and cuticle components.
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Adjacent each of the outer involucral bracts, several florets are fertile, and the surrounding parts of the common base of all florets in the head (or receptacle) swell and eventually become woody. The receptacle breaks up at maturity, each section corresponding with one of the persistent outer bracts. These segments break free from the parent plant and act as the dispersal units. The ribbed, flask- shaped, more or less curved fruitlets germinate inside the protective encasement of the woody segments.
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The five outer bracts are partially joined for about half their length. The numerous fruits are seed-like (they consist of inner involucral bracts each enclosing and fused with individual ray achenes), with a few narrow scales at their tip. They make this genus one of the most prolific of the summer annuals, with seedlings coming up constantly. The genus displays a large number of haploid chromosome numbers are based on 4 basic chromosome numbers (x = 9, 10, 11, 12).
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Zingiber spectabile In common with most plants in genus Zingiber, the leaves of the plant are long and mostly oblong shaped, tapering to a single point at their tip. Under ideal circumstances, the plant can reach a height of , or even more. The plant's inflorescence is set atop a spike and can measure up to in height. The bracts attached to the structure can differ in colour, from white, to yellow, orange, or even red, often darkening as the bracts mature and develop.
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The flower heads are grouped in cylindric aggregations in the axils of the higher leaves of the stems. The bracts that subtend each flower head are either small and woody, or enlarged, bright in colour, papery or fleshy. The individual flower heads contain three to thirty-five flowers, relatively few compared to many other Proteaceae genera. This, and the sometimes bright coloration of the leaves and bracts in the inflorescence, result in the flower head functioning more or less as a single flower.
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Unlike the most familiar Monarda species that have a single flower head on a stem, Monarda punctata has flowers that are stacked up the stem with bracts radiating from the stem, under each flower. Varying in color from light pink to white, the bracts are ornamental longer than the flowers, whereas the flowers (yellow with brown spots) are visible only at close range. Monarda Punctata specimen from Kent Park, Iowa. Found in a sandy section of soil on a hill.
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The phyllaries can be free or fused, and arranged in one to many rows, overlapping like the tiles of a roof (imbricate) or not (this variation is important in identification of tribes and genera). Each floret may be subtended by a bract, called a "palea" or "receptacular bract". These bracts are often called "chaff". The presence or absence of these bracts, their distribution on the receptacle, and their size and shape are all important diagnostic characteristics for genera and tribes.
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After dispersal, first-instar caterpillars create hibernacula preferably inside flower bracts and beneath bark scales. They then molt to the second instar without feeding and overwinter as second-instar larvae in diapause. The second-instar larvae emerge in early May and disperse to feed on seed, pollen cones, flower bracts, and needles at host trees, preferably the balsam fir. In June and July, larvae in third to sixth instars feed on current-year shoots then old foliage after the shoots are depleted.
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The main distinguishing characters of S. graminifolius are its papery (chartaceous) spikelet glumes that have reddish- purplish streaking throughout. Another key character of S. graminifolius is that its lower primary inflorescence bracts are widened at the base. Schoenus auritus also has lower primary inflorescence bracts that are widened at the base; however, that species has firmer glumes. The basal leaves of S. graminifolius are usually relatively long and grass-like, so that they are almost as long or longer than the flowering stems.
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Flowering occurs from October to January, and is related to altitude: plants at lower elevations flower earlier than ones higher up. The flower heads, known as inflorescences, are terminal—that is, they arise on the ends of small branches—and are surrounded by small inconspicuous hairy bracts. This sets T. truncata apart from all other waratah species, which have hairless bracts. In the shape of a flattened raceme, the flower heads are in diameter and composed of 10 to 35 individual flowers.
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Terminal buds conic, 1--2 mm, apex obtuse. Leaves opposite (rarely in whorls of 3), 1--3(--5) mm, connate to 1/2 --7/8 their length; bases thickened, brown, shredding with age, ± persistent; apex obtuse. Pollen cones 2 (rarely 1 or whorled) at node, obovoid, 4--7 mm, sessile or rarely on short peduncles; bracts opposite, 6--10 pairs, yellow to red-brown, obovate, 3--4 × 2--3 mm, membranous; bracteoles slightly exceeding bracts; sporangiophores 4--5 mm, 1/2 exserted, with 4--6 sessile to short- stalked (less than 1 mm) microsporangia. Seed cones usually 2 at node, ovoid, 6--10 mm, sessile or on short, scaly peduncles; bracts opposite, 5--7 pairs, circular, 4--7 × 2--4 mm, membranous, with red-brown thickened center and base, margins entire.
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Occasional flower corollas bloom from between the bracts. The flowers are deep purple-blue to lavender with pale centers, and white-flowered plants are known.Hyde, M. A., et al. (2013). Species information: Stachytarpheta cayennensis.
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It may spread to form a colony. The oppositely arranged leaves are lance-shaped and mint-scented. The inflorescence contains tubular reddish purple flowers with purplish bracts beneath. The flowers are attractive to insects.
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The branching inflorescence bears many flowers, each with small bracts at its base. The flower has five oval-shaped petallike lobes each a few millimeters long. Until 2004 it was placed in genus Centaurium.
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The pink or red outer bracts stand out when the flowers are in bud. The species occurs from the Mount Kosciuszko area and southwards on the edge of wet alpine heath or in bogs.
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Perennial with woody stock. Leaves in a basal rosette, pinnatifid with rounded lobes; margins subspinose. Scape up to 80 cm, with a few small bracts. Inflorescence a dense corymb of up to 20 heads.
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The inflorescence is a dense cluster of flowers, each flower surrounded by six white to pink hairy bracts tipped in hooked awns. The flower itself is only a few millimeters wide with jagged tepals.
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The male flowers are small clusters in the leaf axils. The female flowers are solitary or borne in small clusters, and are enclosed in scaly bracts which become spherical as the fruit grows within.
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The inflorescence is a dense cluster of flowers, each flower surrounded by hairy, bristly white bracts tipped with hooked awns. The flower is 4 or 5 millimeters long and white to pink in color.
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The inflorescence is a dense cluster of flowers, each flower surrounded by six hairy bracts with hooked awns at the tips. The flower is white to red and only 2 or 3 millimeters wide.
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Their prominent bracts equal the length of the ovary. They are known for their fragrant, waxy, and long-lived flowers with multiple blooms in shades of green, purple, burgundy, and raspberry with several patterns.
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The petals are much shorter than the sepals. The leaves are opposite, (sessile) without petioles and the sepals and bracts all green, without pale margins. The fruit petioles are erect and diffuse at maturity.
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At its base is a fused involucre of bracts. Each flower has a calyx of sepals narrowing to bristle-like tips. The flower corolla is generally purplish in color and usually has a white tip.
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They are shrubs, subshrubs, or perennial herbs. Leaves usually alternate, bracts are brightly colored (red, purple, or yellow), and the sepals are bright red or purple.Forzza, R. C. 2010. Lista de espécies Flora do Brasil .
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The inflorescence is a cluster of leaflike green or reddish bracts strung densely with cobwebby white wool and bearing bright yellow flowers. Each flower has five rounded lobes and long, protruding stamens with large anthers.
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The edges are deeply cut into narrow, sharp-pointed lobes. The inflorescence is an array of somewhat rounded flower heads surrounded by several narrow, pointed bracts with spiny edges. The head blooms in whitish petals.
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The leaves are divided into threadlike or needlelike lobes. The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with palmate bracts. The flowers are purple and roughly a centimeter long, their corollas divided into five lobes.
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Felicia bellidioides subsp. foliata differs from the typical subspecies by having bracts higher up the peduncles, clearly stalked, longer and narrower leaves of 1–6 cm long and –4 mm wide, without the silky hairs.
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The bracts have seven to nine spines each. The anthers are short and hairy. The style is glabrous. Plants bloom in April into late June, with each flower when fertilized producing four nut-like seeds.
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The flower is light pink or purplish with darker markings. At the base of the flowers are long-haired bracts and woolly sepals. The fruit is a capsule roughly long containing seeds with netted surfaces.
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Pyrola crypta resembles other members of the genus Pyrola, particularly Pyrola picta. It can be distinguished from the later by its relatively long sepals (>), longer floral bracts (>), and longer leaf petioles (, vs. in P. picta).
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Seseli is a genus of herbaceous perennial plants. They are sometimes woody at base with a conic taproot. Leaf blades are 1–3-pinnate or pinnately decompound. Umbels are compound, with bracts few or absent.
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Perennial. Base woody. Leaves in a single large basal rosette up to 1 m across; pinnatifid, wooly, with a pointy tip. Scape up to 1.5 m, without bracts. Inflorescence an umbellate group of flower heads.
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Cavea is a perennial herb with stout, woody and mostly branched rootstocks of 10–30 cm long, which carry a basal leaf rosette and unbranching stems that carry some smaller leaves, bracts and flower heads.
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These are called "phyllaries", or "involucral bracts". They may simulate the sepals of the pseudanthium. These are mostly herbaceous but can also be brightly coloured (e.g. Helichrysum) or have a scarious (dry and membranous) texture.
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The outer bracts are cream-coloured and linear in shape. The flowers are cream-coloured and each has ten stamens and a style with a brush on the end. Flowering occurs from August to November.
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Whole the edge or serrated bad, a little hairy. Bracts are few, narrow elongated. The grounds are enlarged and green with a purple dressing. The calyx is long 5-10 mm, magenta or yellow, naked.
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The leaves are linear to lance-shaped, often cleft into lobes, green or purple- tinged in color, and up to 7 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a dense spike up to 7 centimeters long and spreading up to 8 wide. The calyx and bracts of the flowers are colored "red, scarlet, crimson, red-orange, coral, salmon, salmon-pink, red-magenta, and violet-magenta, to very occasionally yellowish." The lobed, pointed bracts are up to 3 centimeters long, and the flowers may extend past them.
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There are only few Felicia species with yellow ray florets. F. mossamedensis has alternately set, entire leaves, and a single medium-size flower head with an involucre of three whorls of bracts, at the tip of the inflorescence stalk. All other species with yellow ray florets have oppositely set leaves lower and alternately set leaves nearer the top, with entire or toothed margins. In all other species with yellow ray florets, the stems carry many, small heads, each surrounded by an involucre of four worls of bracts.
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Didelta is a genus of shrubs of up to 1 or 2 meter high, with two known species in the daisy family.Tropicos, Didelta L'Hér. Like in almost all Asteraceae, the individual flowers are 5-merous, small and clustered in typical heads, and are surrounded by an involucre, consisting of in this case two whorls of bracts, which are almost free from each other. The 3–5 outer bracts are protruding and triangular in shape, the inner about twice as many are lance-shaped and ascending.
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Actinotus forsythii is a wiry herb with stems to 50 cm long, which trail along on the ground. The leaves are 3–7 partite, with the leaf blades from 6.4–18 mm long, by 10 mm wide, on petioles which are 4.5–20 mm long. The umbels are head-like, and from 7.5–20 mm in diameter including the bracts, with the male flowers circling up to 60 female flowers on peduncles which are 3.8–10.3 cm long. The bracts are elliptic and about.
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These herbaceous plants range from 0.5 to nearly 4.5 meters (1.5–15 feet) tall depending on the species. The simple leaves of these plants are 15–300 cm (6 in–10 ft). They are characteristically long, oblong, alternate, or growing opposite one another on non-woody petioles often longer than the leaf, often forming large clumps with age. Their flowers are produced on long, erect or drooping panicles, and consist of brightly colored waxy bracts, with small true flowers peeping out from the bracts.
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The bracts of the inner whorl are Inverted lance-shaped, about long and wide, ribbed, and a little bristly. The outer bracts are lance-shaped, about long and 1 mm wide, with three sunken resin ducts, and consistent with the indumentum of the leaves, variously bristly hairy or also glandular. About twelve to fourteen female ray florets have a blue strap of ligula of about long and 1½ mm (0.06 in) wide, blue. These surround many bisexual, disc florets with a yellow corolla of about long.
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Like other Cornus, C. kousa has opposite, simple leaves, 4–10 cm long. The tree is extremely showy when in bloom, but what appear to be four, white petals are actually four spreading bracts below the cluster of inconspicuous yellow-green flowers. The blossoms appear in late spring, weeks after the tree leafs out. It can be distinguished from the flowering dogwood (Cornus florida) of eastern North America by its more upright habit, flowering about a month later, and by the pointed rather than rounded flower bracts.
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Very small flowers sit in one- to three- (rarely eight-) flowered glomerules in the axils of short bracts or in the upper half of the inflorescence without bracts. The hermaphrodite flowers are urn-shaped, green or tinged reddish, and consist of five basally connate perianth segments (tepals), 3-5 × 2–3 mm, 5 stamens, and a semi-inferior ovary with 2-3 stigmas. The perianths of neighbouring flowers are often fused. Flowers are wind-pollinated or insect- pollinated, the former method being more important.
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Often the cluster droops with the flower heads at the end of the cluster turning upwards. Flower stalks are mostly hairless or with some short hairs, to long. Flower heads are attached to flower stalk by fine pointed 8-11 bracts to which are surrounded by 4-7 pale green and sometimes purple tinged at the base supplementary bracts, 1.5 millimetres to 2.5 millimetres which make a cup shape around the base of the involucre. Each stalk is capable of producing 10-15 disc florets.
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The flowers are surrounded by leafy, linear to lance-shaped, woolly bracts and bracteoles which are densely woolly on the outer surface, less so on the inner side. The bracts are long and longer than the sepals. The five sepals are long, linear to lance-shaped, woolly on their outer surface and joined to form a short tube near their bases. The petals are long and joined for most of their length to form a broad tube which is white, pink or purple with purple spots inside.
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The bracts are adnate to the rachis and adjacent bracts forming depressions around the pairs; the bracteoles are inconspicuous. The staminate flowers are long and asymmetrical with three linear, triangular sepals, basally connate and adnate to the receptacle. They have three pointed, obovoid petals, which are elongated, valvate, and longer, wider and thicker than the sepals. The stamens are numerous, from 60 to 100, irregularly inserted, with cylindrical, elongated, flexible filaments which are bent and twisted, occasionally joined, apiculate, and dorsifixed a third of their length.
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The inflorescence, though axillary, is adnate to the internode and sheath of the following leaf, emerging erect between the auricles of the subtending leaf. In pistillate members it is branched to two orders, staminate to three; in both, a boat shaped, beak-ended prophyll encloses it. The prophyll may or may nor be armed and eventually develops a longitudinal split, exposing the flowers. The rachis bracts are small with free tips, the bracts on the first-order branches are tubular towards the base with triangular limbs.
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Tillandsia Xerographica Tillandsia xerographica is a slow-growing, xerophytic epiphyte. The silvery gray leaves are wide at the base and taper to a point making an attractive, sculptural rosette, 3 feet or more in diameter and over 3 feet high in flower. The inflorescence, on a thick, green stem, from 6 to 15 inches in height, densely branched. The leaf bracts are rosy red; the floral bracts are chartreuse; and the petals of the tubular flowers are red to purple and are very long lasting (months).
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In addition, S. trifoliatum has eglandular pales (the bracts in the flower heads), while the pales of S. asteriscus are often glandular. There remains much disagreement about the best taxonomic treatment of the S. asteriscus complex.
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Vascular Plants of the Gila Wilderness The inflorescence is a series of regular bracts and tiny flowers, each five-lobed white corolla less than 3 millimeters wide. The paired nutlets are arch-shaped and not prickly.
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The tubular florets are hermaphrodite while the ligular florets are sterile. The involucral bracts are linear to lanceolate. The plant prefers well-drained soils in full sun. The fruit is an achene, sought after by birds.
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The undersides have whitish veins. They emit latex when cut. The flower heads are wide, pale yellow, often tinged purple, with 12-20 ray flowers but no disc flowers. The bracts are also often tinged purple.
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P. hookeri have an oblong and nearly erect lobes which are subtruncate and a little bit emarginated at the apex. The bracts are linear and subulate and are . The pedicel is glandular and is . Flowers homostylous.
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Sideritis hyssopifolia, hyssop-leaved mountain ironwort. A 40 cm high shrublet with narrow pointed leaves. The flowers (1 cm) are borne in dense cylindrical clusters from broad spiny-toothed bracts. The calyx also has spiny teeth.
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They are arranged in clusters of 3 to 10, surrounded by long leaves. The flower head bracts are wooly, and pale below, with dark chaffy hairless tips. The florets are brownish yellow. The stigmas are pale.
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The leaves are divided into several narrow, threadlike linear lobes. The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The small flowers have yellow throats and white or blue corolla lobes.
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It has a smoother stem, that can reach up to between long. The stem has 3 green, lanceolate, (scarious) membranous, spathes or bracts (leaves of the flower bud). They are long and 1-1.8 cm wide.
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The inflorescence usually consists of one or two clusters. Bracts are about , more or less round and tipped with an awn (bristle). Salvia columbariae grows tall. Its stem hairs are generally short and sparse in distribution.
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Lachnostachys verbascifolia is a shrub growing from 0.3 to 1.3 m high. Its leaves are obtuse and its bracts are covered in white. Its flowers are purple to white, with flowering occurring from June to November.
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The flower heads are of yellow florets with an outer row of bracts. The plant is typically in height. The leaves have angular teeth on their margins.Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012 Webb's An Irish Flora.
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The first flowers bear narrow bracts. Tepals are oblong and up to 5 mm long. They are noted for occasionally being of unequal width. The androphore is up to 6 mm long by 1 mm wide.
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Involucral bracts are canescent and covered with cobweb-like hairs, each bract ends with a single spine. The fruit is a smooth rotund achene with lateral hilum measuring long and wide surmounted by a white pappus.
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Tiny bracts, branch shaped, easily stick to cloth. Suitable soils for growth include light (sandy) and medium (loamy) soils. Suitable pH ranges from acidic to neutral soils. It grows in woody areas in lowlands and hills.
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The leaves are up to 3 centimeters long and divided into threadlike lobes. The inflorescence is a head filled with palmate green bracts speckled with resin glands. The tubular purple flowers are under a centimeter long.
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The flowerhead has an involucre that is initially cup-shaped with a flat base, later becomes broadly cone-shaped, while the bracts eventually flip down to press against the stem when the seeds are ripe. It consists of a single whorl of eleven to fifteen lance-shaped, leathery bracts, with one or three resin ducts tapering to a long point, that are merged at their base, with a distinct thin and dryish margin that has a fringe of soft hairs towards the tips. The common base of the florets is flat and wide, without bracts at the foot of each floret, with a smooth surface except for regularly distributed indents where the florets are implanted. The flower heads each have five to eight female ray florets that consist of a closed tube at base and a strap nearer the top.
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The flower heads are many-flowered and compact, set individually, sometimes with two or three near the end of the branches, each on a long stalk, and is shaped like half of a globe of 2–2½ cm (0.8–1.0 in) in diameter. The common base of the flowers in the same head is in diameter, with a wide flat top (best seen in a flower head cut lengthwise in two equal halves). The bracts that subtend the head as a whole (called involucral bracts) are lance-shaped with a pointy tip long and 1–1½ mm (0.04–0.06 in) wide, overlapping, rubbery, softly hairy on the outer surface, with a tuft of hairs at the grey tip. The woolly bracts that subtend individual flowers are long and wide lance-shaped, the edges role inward and clasping the perianth.
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It has a long rhizome system. It has short, flat, spiral-arranged leaves. At the top of the stem is an inflorescence of ovate, pointed spikelets, each on a long peduncle. The spikelet has many hairy bracts.
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The rachis is attenuate, angular in cross section, and up to 46 cm long. Pedicels are two-flowered and lack bracts. They may be up to 22 mm long. The oblong tepals are approximately 4 mm long.
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The leaves are tiny, succulent and linear or narrowly triangular. The inflorescence is spike-like with bracts similar to the leaves, small flowers with 5 petals, 5 stamens and 2 styles. The fruiting perianth has silky wings.
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The mature female head is egg-shaped, long, and nearly across. The mature bracts are covered with densely matted woolly hairs on the outside. The fruits are elliptic, about long, compressed, with a hairless and wrinkled surface.
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The inflorescence is an open array of flower heads amidst leaflike bracts. The flower head contains many pale violet to nearly white ray florets and a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a hairy achene.
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Clambering plants with flat to angled stems, producing aerial roots. Areoles may be with or without spines. Flowers are large and nocturnal, pollinated by moths or rarely bats. The receptacle bears small bracts, hairs and usually spines.
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They are surrounded by bracts. The stamens and style protrude from the flower. The fruit is a berry 2 to 3 centimeters long. This plant is limited to central Chile, where it occurs in the coastal regions.
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The inflorescence is a dense cluster of flowers accompanied by dark-veined oval bracts. Each flower has a calyx of triangular sepals and a tubular corolla roughly long, pale brownish or pinkish in color with red veining.
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Gilliesieae are perennial herbaceous geophytes characterised by simple or prolific bulbs, sometimes with lateral rhizomes. Leaf sheaths long, tepals more or less fused and corona absent. Spathe formed from 1–2 bracts. Style more or less gynobasic.
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Leaves are yellow-green, glabrous, elliptical or lanceolate with acute apex. They are long and wide. The catkins are produced in early spring, before the leaves. They reach 3 × 1 cm, on long peduncles with lanceolate bracts.
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The most striking characteristic of Dorstenia is their reproductive structure, called pseudanthium (Greek for "false flower") or in Moraceae hypanthium, which is composed of clusters of tiny unisexual flowers on a disc- or cup-shaped receptacle that are often adorned with bracts of various sizes and shapes. The pseudanthiums can be planar, convex, concave, round, oval, square, lobed, twig, star, boot, or tongue-shaped. Their color varies from green to yellowish and reddish to violet and brown. Beneath the pseudanthium, there are usually bracts, scattered or in rows, sometimes carrying appendages.
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These bracts are overlapping, lance-shaped, hairless, tawny to greenish in colour with the tip often tinged red. They have a papery margin more or less set with a regular row of hairs. The outer bracts are 1½ mm (0.06 in) long and ½ mm (0.02 in) wide, those in the middle 3 mm (0.12 in) long and 1 mm (0.04 in) wide, and the inner 5 mm long and ½ mm wide. Each head has ten to fifteen female, medium or light purple, rarely white, ray florets of about 1 cm long and 1½ mm wide.
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Species assigned to the section Dracontium are erect perennial herbs, with large leaves in a rosette at ground level and smaller bracts along a not or rarely shyly branched stem that carries one to four large heads with blue ligulate florets and yellow disc florets that are encircled by an involucre consisting of three worls of approximately equal sized bracts. The cypselas are brown, topped with one row of firm indehyscent pappus hairs and covered in short hairs. There are four species that are all restricted to the Drakensberg Mountains.
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It is subtended by an involucre consisting of oval bracts with a pointy tip of about 0.8 cm (0.32 in) long and ½ cm (0.2 in) wide, that are rubbery in consistency, and densely set with soft grey hairs. The bracts that subtend the individual flowers are inverted egg-shaped with a suddenly pointed tip, about 1 cm (0.4 in) long and ½ cm (0.2 in) wide, thickly woolly at its base and rubbery in consistency. The perianth is about 3 cm (1.2 in) long, yellow in color when opening, but becoming orange when aging.
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It blooms from July to October, with the peak being in early September. It only produces a few, small, greenish- cream flower heads close to the ground level. These flower heads are positioned laterally on the stems (not at the tips, so with leaves growing above them), are cup-shaped, only 3 to 4.5 cm in width, this including the 22-28 mm long bracts of a "creamy green to apple-green" colour, which surround the actual flowers. The upper margin of the bracts are tipped with velvety brown hairs.
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The larger version of Heliantheae was split into tribes including Bahieae, Chaenactideae, Coreopsideae, Helenieae and, finally, Heliantheae (sensu stricto). Within the tribe, the traditional definition of genera based on flower and fruit characters does not reflect evolutionary relationships as inferred through molecular phylogenetics. The tribe is characterized by shiny green bracts at the base of the flower head in two rows: an inner row of tightly spaced bracts and an outer row of a smaller number pointing downward. It includes five genera that use carbon fixation: Chrysanthellum, Eryngiophyllum, Glossocardia (including Guerreroia), Isostigma, and Neuractis.
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The spur is usually twice the length of the pedicel but can be up to five times the length of the pedicel. The spur can have a brown colour to it and has also been sometimes found to have a green tip. The bracts are hooded and are usually around one quarter of the length of the pedicel, although some individuals have been found that have bracts one third or even half the length of the pedicel. Flowers are relatively large compared to the small stature of Aerangis fastuosa.
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A spikelet consists of two (or sometimes fewer) bracts at the base, called glumes, followed by one or more florets. A floret consists of the flower surrounded by two bracts, one external—the lemma—and one internal—the palea. The perianth is reduced to two scales, called lodicules, that expand and contract to spread the lemma and palea; these are generally interpreted to be modified sepals. The flowers are usually hermaphroditic—maize being an important exception—and mainly anemophilous or wind-pollinated, although insects occasionally play a role.
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Lemma is a phytomorphological term referring to a part of the spikelet. It is the lowermost of two chaff-like bracts enclosing the grass floret. It often bears a long bristle called an awn, and may be similar in form to the glumes—chaffy bracts at the base of each spikelet. It is usually interpreted as a bract but it has also been interpreted as one remnant (the abaxial) of the three members of outer perianth whorl (the palea may represent the other two members, having been joined together).
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The limestone pagoda can be distinguished from other Mimetes species by the pale yellow colour of the involucral bracts, that are hairless except for a hairy fringe, the large number (12–22) of yellow flowers per head, each with a yellow style. The pollen presenter has a very typical shape, a squared cylinder at its base and pointy egg-shaped at the tip. Only two other Mimetes species are yellow-flowered. The golden pagoda M. chrysanthus, has 25–35 individual flowers per head and its involucral bracts are woolly at base.
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When the plant dies down in summer, the cypselas remain encased between the hardened bracts, presumably safe from harvester ants. After the first rain, which usually occurs the next winter, the bracts and pappus on the aerial flowerheads unfold, and the cypselas are dispersed by the wind, while many are gathered by ants. The cypselas in the underground flowerheads however germinate through the dead parts of the flowerhead, and remain protected against the ants. These seeds increase the chance that the plant continues its presence in a location that was favorable in the previous year.
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Trillium sessile, known as toadshade, sessile trillium, sessile-flowered wake- robin, and toad trillium, is a perennial spring wildflower native to the central part of the eastern United States and the Ozarks. Toadshade can be distinguished from other Trillium species by its single, foul smelling, stalkless, flower nestled in the middle of its three bracts. The bracts are sometimes, but not always mottled with shades of light and dark green. The specific epithet comes from the Latin word sessilis which means low sitting, referring to its stalkless flower.
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Flora of North America In general, it is an erect plant growing up to 40 centimeters tall. The stem, leaves, bracts, and flowers can all be reddish to decidedly purple-red in color, and when a good-sized population is in bloom it can be spotted even from aircraft as a mark of red against an otherwise brownish hillside landscape. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers surrounded by six red or purple bracts with hooked awns. The flower is a few millimeters across and is red or purple with a white or yellow throat.
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The flower head is encompassed by between 10 and 18 white ray florets, each with a three-toothed shape; the florets tend to curve downwards around the edges and may occasionally have pistils, although these do not produce fruit. Beneath the flower proper, oval bracts of the plant form an involucre, with soft hairs on each; further bracts are bristled and sit at right angles to the flowers. ;Fruits: The fruits are achenes (with no pappus). They are wrinkled, ribbed with ten ridges, and have small glandular bumps across the surface.
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The small flowers are in a dense cluster surrounded by large white bracts. The leaves are opposite, simple, oval, 8–12 cm long, and 5–8 cm broad. The flowers are individually small and inconspicuous, 2–3 mm across, produced in a dense, rounded, greenish-white flowerhead 2 cm diameter; the 4-8 large white "petals" are actually bracts, each bract 4–7 cm long and broad. The fruit is a compound pink-red berry about 3 cm diameter, containing 50–100 small seeds; it is edible, though not very palatable.
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Single flowers are surrounded by leafy bracts long and the groups by scaly bracts about long. The five sepals are long, densely covered with scales on the outside and joined for about half their length to form a tube with five blunt lobes. The five petals are long, whitish, pale pink or pale lilac coloured and joined to form a bell-shaped tube with five lobes on the end. The tube is mostly glabrous except for a densely hairy ring around the ovary and a few hairs on the lowest petal lobe.
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Diplolaena dampieri is a spreading, rounded shrub that typically grows to a height of . It has strongly aromatic, elliptic to oblong- elliptic shaped, leathery leaves to long, the upper surface dark olive green and hairless when mature, the lower surface thickly covered in cream to grey weak hairs. The pendulous flowers are borne at the end of branches, about in diameter, outer bracts narrowly triangular to oval shaped, long with thick, grey to reddish star-shaped hairs. The inner bracts narrowly oblong, about long and densely covered with short, matted, star shaped hairs.
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Eucalyptus polybractea was first formally described in 1901 by Richard Thomas Baker in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales from specimens collected near West Wyalong by Richard Hind Cambage. The specific epithet (polybractea) is from the ancient Greek poly- and the Latin bractea, referring to the many bracts of this species, although many eucalytps have "many bracts" at the base of immature flowers. In 2018, Kevin James Rule described two subspecies, polybractea and suberea but the names have not been accepted by the Australian Plant Census.
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Leucadendron microcephalum is a dioecious, single-stemmed, South African shrub belonging to the family Proteaceae, endemic to the Western Cape and growing from sea level to 1200 m. It is one of some 200 species in the genus, all confined to South Africa. Commonly known as the 'Oilbract Conebush' because of the brown, sticky, oily bracts found on both sexes when in bud, a feature setting it apart from other Leucadendron species. After flowering the bracts close, becoming hard and dry, forming a durable cone and protecting the enclosed flowerhead and heart-shaped fruits.
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The short peduncle is waxy and covered in hairs, the enclosing prophyll is similarly covered, two keeled and beaked. The rachis is longer than the peduncle with spirally arranged, conspicuous bracts subtending long, tapering rachillae. These branchlets are stiff with prominent bracts subtending triads in their lower half with pairs or lone staminate flowers on the top. The staminate flowers have three pointed sepals and as many valvate petals; the six stamens have strongly inflexed filaments with oblong dorsifixed anthers carrying elliptic pollen with finely reticulate, tectate exine.
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Felicia wrightii is a low, up to high, perennial, herbaceous plant with conspicuous basal leaf rosettes, and runners that end in rosettes. It has narrow bracts along the inflorescence stalks on top of which are individual flower heads with an involucre of three whorls of bracts, about sixteen ray florets with about long, pale blue straps, that encircle many yellow disc florets. No fertile seeds have been found, so this species may solely reproduce vegetatively. The species is only known from one location in the KwaZulu-Natal Drakensberg, where it grows on damp stream banks.
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The leaves are hard and stiff with a sharply pointed tip, 3.5–6 cm long and 2.5–3 mm broad, with two bright white stomatal bands on the underside. The flowers bloom in early May, and the ovoid, 6–9 cm long (to 12 cm including the bracts) cones mature and release winged seeds from late August to October. The cones differ from other firs in that the bracts end in very long, spreading, yellow-brown bristles 3–5 cm long. The male (pollen) cones are 2 cm long, shedding pollen in spring.
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Eryngium giganteum grows to . It produces branched heads of pale green conical flowerheads surrounded by spiny bracts in summer. The flowers turn blue at maturity. It usually dies after flowering and is therefore normally grown as a biennial.
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The species is 1-5 flowered from terminal nodes without any flowering branches below. The pedicels that hold the flowers are long. The bracts are small and are black and denticulate. The flowers are wide with rounded buds.
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Bracts are long while its pedicels are long. Its legume is coiled in 0.5 to 1.5 spirals which are wide and are pubescent at the center. The corolla is of orange colour and is . The seeds are long.
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L. tottum has narrowly lance-shape to line-shaped oblong leaves, mostly with an entire margin, hairless, loosely overlapping bracts subtending the flower head, egg-shaped pollen presenters and nearly straight styles that become spreading when fully mature.
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The mace pagoda can be distinguished from other Mimetes species by its monopodial, columnar habit, the silver-haired oval leaves, with a large tooth in the middle and two smaller teeth, and the rounded bracts of the involucre.
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The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers on the ends of stalks. The bracts are mostly ovate with teeth or lobes but sometimes entire. Sepals are . The orange to yellow petals are generally with red to orange bases.
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Salvia atrocyanea is a herbaceous perennial that is native to Bolivia. It grows to tall, with bright blue flowers that are tightly packed on droopy inflorescences as long as . It has large green calyces and blue-tinged bracts.
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The stigma is capitate or bowl-shaped. The fruits are enveloped by the enlarged bracts. Fruits are usually oval to spherical. The fruit is a berry and has only a single seed that is frequently dispersed by birds.
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Occasionally individuals have four-fold symmetry, with four bracts (leaves), four sepals, and four petals in the blossom.Kevin Kirkland, Two 4-petaled trilliums found, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, May 11, 2013; Trillium erectum and Trillium grandiflorum examples are given.
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Aspidistra yingjiangensis is a species of Aspidistra that is found in China. The plant's leaves are green with pale yellow spots that are narrowly oblanceolate and it has two or three bracts. The flowers are individual or paired.
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These small bracts aid in keeping the flowers above water. C. stagnalis produces fruit that is suborbicular in shape. This fruit varies in thickness from 1.5 to 2 mm and is composed of multiple thin, winged margin mericarps.
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Involucral bracts sparse (4-8), elongated (3.5-4 mm), usually without black tips. The floret ligules are narrow and long 5 to 7 millimeters (0.2 to 0.24 in) long and 1.5 millimeters (0.06 in) wide), occasionally becoming revolute.
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The dome-shaped umbels of steely blue or white flowers have whorls of spiny basal bracts. Some species are native to rocky and coastal areas, but the majority are grassland plants. In the language of flowers, they represent admiration.
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Carex nigricans produces thick mats and loose clumps of stems up to 30 centimeters tall from a network of short rhizomes. The pistillate flowers have dark bracts and the fruit is covered in a dark colored, long beaked perigynium.
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Melaleuca eximia is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is distinguished by its leaf arrangement, its large, showy red inflorescences and the large, furry bracts under the flowers.
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Beaufortia bracteosa was first formally described in 1904 by Ludwig Diels in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae occidentalis. The specific epithet (bracteosa) is derived from the Latin word bractea meaning "scale" and the suffix -osa meaning "having many (or large) bracts".
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It has slightly hairy, oppositely arranged leaves up to 3 centimeters long. The bracts are purplish in color, giving the plant its name. The bumpy fruit is about 6 to 8 millimeters long. Flowering occurs in May and June.
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The inflorescences are similar to those of the related leucospermums but also share features of the leucadendrons, with the floral bracts becoming woody and enlarged following pollination. The flowers are insect-pollinated, with the seeds dispersed by ants (myrmecochory).
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Beaufortia squarrosa was first formally described in 1843 by Johannes Conrad Schauer in Dissertatio phytographica de Regelia, Beaufortia et Calothamno. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word squarrosus, meaning "rough with stiff scales, bracts, leaves or processes".
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In rodent-pollinated proteas such as this one, three of the perianth lobes are united and form a reservoir which holds the nectar. These reservoirs may spill and the nectar can pool further below, usually in between the bracts.
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The inflorescence is coated in cobwebby fibers. The bracts are yellowish to dull red and the pouchlike flowers which emerge between them are greenish yellow to purplish red in color. The fruit is a capsule about a centimeter long.
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The leaves along the stem are up to 2.5 centimeters long and coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers accompanied by hairy bracts. The flowers have five-lobed white corollas under 2 millimeters wide.
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Leaves are generally round, up to 2.5 cm in diameter. Flowers are borne in umbels with leaf-like bracts. Flowers are bright purple, up to 20 mm in diameter. Flora of North America v 4 p 465McNeill, John. 1972.
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Melampyrum arvense, commonly known as field cow-wheat, is an herbaceous flowering plant of the genus Melampyrum in the family Orobanchaceae. It is striking because of the conspicuous spike of pink or purple terminal bracts which includes the flowers.
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The bracts are also lanceolate and have long teeth up to 8 mm. The flowers are two-lipped with a closed throat and are 2 – 2.5 cm long. They are pink to purple with a yellow or white patch.
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The flowers are covered with dark greenish-brown bracts. The fruit is a shiny purple-brown achene not more than a millimeter long.Flora of North America, Eleocharis geniculata (Linnaeus) Roemer & Schultes in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg.
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The underside of the leaf has raised veins. The flowers range in color from bright red to rose to pinkish cream, with highly colored bracts and calyces that are different colors than the flower. The showy flowers are long.
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Floral bracts are yellow, imbricate toward apex of spike, obovate, 35—40 x 15 mm wide, thin, nerved. Sepals are obovate, acute, 20—22 mm x 5—7 mm, glabrous. Petals are about 5 cm long with green lobes.
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The inflorescences are dense, umbelliform cymes from a few flowers. The inflorescence stems are 4 to 20 cm long. The bracts are linear or sometimes lanceolate. The flower stems are 2 to 5 (rarely up to 8 mm) long.
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An ament or catkin is very similar to a spike or raceme, "but with subtending bracts so conspicuous as to conceal the flowers until pollination, as in the pussy–willow, alder, [and] birch...". These are sometimes called amentaceous plants.
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The flowers are a "creamy-white to deep orange-yellow" colour and occasionally have a reddish centre. They have 5–6 bracts measuring 7–11 mm in length which are green when in flower and brown when in fruit.
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This species was first formally described in 2007 by Hellmut Toelken and Gil Craig and the description was published in Nuytsia. The specific epithet (acicularis) is a Latin word meaning "like a needle" referring to the needle-like bracts.
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The inflorescence is topped by a head (coma) of bracts, often purple spotted or tinged like the leaves. The overall effect is of a miniature pineapple plant (Ananas comosus), though in fact the two species are not closely related.
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Clinosperma bractealis is a species of palm tree in the palm family The genus is named for two Greek words meaning 'slanted' and 'seed', and the species epithet comes from Latin and translates to 'with bracts', describing the inflorescence.
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Also the Ribbonwood can produce more than one shoot per seed (usually one per cotyledon). I. australiense is the only known species in which the flowers display a continuous spiral series of bracts, sepals, petals, stamens and finally staminodes.
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18: 70. 1962. Florida panhandle spider-lily Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families The species is often misidentified as H. caroliniana or H. occidentalis. It can be distinguished from those species by its rhizomatous bulb and triangular bracts.
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In contrast to F. venusta, the leaves of F. oleosa overlap, point upwards, and contain translucent resin or oil ducts. The involucral bracts are narrowly lance-shaped and also contain ducts. The pappus consists of bristles with short teeth.
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The flowers are surrounded by silky bracts and bracteoles long. The five sepals are egg-shaped, about and silky-hairy and the five petals are long and pink. There are about fifty stamens about long. Flowering occurs in September.
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The leaves are divided into many very narrow linear or needlelike lobes. The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with leaflike bracts with long white hairs. The flower is yellow with brown or purple spots in the throat.
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F. echinata has much in common with the other two species of the section Anhebecarpaea (F. westae and F. nordenstamii), which all have more than two whorls of involucral bracts, white ligulate florets with a purplish wash on the rear, pappus hairs of equal length and the surface of the cypselas of the ligulate florets bold, while the surface of the cypselas of the disc florets is covered in short bristly hairs. F. westae however has narrow lancet-shaped leaves of at most 1½ cm (0.6 in) wide that are inclined upwards and pressed against the stem, while in F. echinata the leaves are narrowly egg-shaped, about 3 cm (1¼ in) wide and curved outward from the stem. F. nordenstamii has long involucral bracts with dense long hairs, while F. echinata has 1 cm long involucral bracts with stiff bristly hairs, later becoming bold.
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Most of the plant is actually the spreading inflorescence. At intervals on the otherwise naked branches hang tiny clusters of glandular flowers a few millimeters wide in involucres of bell-shaped bracts. Each flower is less than three millimeters wide.
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The inflorescence is a raceme branching into secondary, and sometimes tertiary, racemes. Each flower has woolly green or purplish bracts and six white or yellowish tepals. The fruit is a capsule up to 2 centimeters long containing winged seeds.Melanthium latifolium.
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Sometimes the bracts are absent and only their remaining tooth-shaped, awl-like, spatula-shaped or band-shaped appendages are recognizable. Dorstenia urceolata from Brazil. The globular, tapered, or warty flowers are unisexual. The female flowers within the receptacle mature first.
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The shell-like bracts remain on the plant for a year or longer, well after the seeds have dropped off. The plants are not serotinous. They do not resprout after fires but regenerate from seeds which are shed soon after flowering.
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Ophrys apifera grows to a height of . This hardy orchid develops small rosettes of leaves in autumn. They continue to grow slowly during winter. Basal leaves are ovate or oblong-lanceolate, upper leaves and bracts are ovate-lanceolate and sheathing.
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The leaves are divided into many needlelike lobes. The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with leaflike bracts with needle-shaped lobes, and often with a coat of dense hairs. The flowers are white to blue and tubular in shape.
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The leaves are divided into many needlelike lobes. The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with glandular red bracts. Each flower is about a centimeter long and has a white tubular throat and a five- lobed purple-blue corolla.
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Most have small, simple leaves and the flowers are often grouped together, each flower with five red, white or greenish petals and ten stamens. In many species, the flowers are surrounded by large, colourful bracts, giving rise to their common names.
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It has whorled leaves and single fruiting peduncles rising above basal rosettes. There are six bracts in a whorl below the peduncle. Each peduncle has three fruiting structures, each having a single fuzzy ball. Stems are square in cross-section.
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It peduncle is long with the bracts length being . The nutlet itself is elliptic and is long and wide. It also have membranous wings and it blooms from June to August while the flowers come out from May to June.
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They are oblong to lance-shaped with smooth or serrated margins. The flower heads are borne on rough-haired, glandular peduncles. The bracts are linear to lance-shaped. The flower heads are relatively large, up to 5 to 6 centimeters across.
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Distinguishing characters of Euphorbia ouachitana include its annual habit, fused dichasial bracts, and red-brown seeds with pits distributed in rows. Euphorbia ouachitana is an annual herb, growing from around 12–28 cm tall. It flowers and fruits in the spring.
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Crocus sativus has a corm, which holds leaves, bracts, bracteole, and the flowering stalk. These are protected by the corm underground. C. sativus generally blooms with purple flowers in the autumn. The plant grows about 10 to 30 cm high.
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Its drooping, solitary flowers are born on pedicels in axillary positions. The pedicels are 0.9-1.1 centimeters long with 2 basal bracts. Its membranous, hairless, oval, green sepal are 0.7–1.9 by 0.5–1.5 centimeters with pointed to tapering tips.
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Most of the leaves grow near the base of the plant. The inflorescences appear at the ends of the slim stem branches. They bear a few pale pink flowers, each just a few millimeters long, with adjacent reddish or pinkish bracts.
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The stipules may be free or connate, and stipels (secondary stipules) are absent. The inflorescences are peduncled racemes or heads. Bracts are small, with bracteoles below the calyx, and calyx teeth subequal. The petals may be pink, purplish, yellow, or whitish.
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The cupules are shallow-bowl-shaped, 5-10 × 20–30 mm, covering base of acorn, with bracts in 6 or 7 rings, margin entire or dentate. In China, flowering occurs in March and acorns ca be found from October–December.
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Bracts up to 1.5 mm long, round to obovoid. Receptacle pale green, glabrous. Calyx teeth 1.5 mm long, lineal to narrow triangulate, erect with slightly recurved tips. Corolla campanulate, 1.6 cm long, pale reddish-yellow to yellow, lobes 0.7 cm long.
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The flowers are sitting free in the axils of bracts, with lateral bracteoles. The perianth consists of 5 tepals, which are more or less fused basally. 5 stamens are present. The seed encloses a spiral embryo, mostly without any perisperm.
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The floral bracts are linear with long-attenuated tips covering the development of flower buds. Flowering occurs January through March. The fruit is densely covered with long, golden yellow spines up to 6 cm long. It ripens by June and July.
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All the species are ericoid shrublets, endemic to fynbos areas. Their leaves are crowded into whorls and may be erect or reflexed. Their margins are revolute. The flowers are bisexual and set in the axils of bracts, with two narrow bracteoles.
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Thelymitra aristata, commonly called the great sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has a single large, thick leaf and bracts and up to forty crowded blue or purplish flowers with darker veins.
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Banksia lanata was first formally described in 1981 by Alex George in the journal Nuytsia from specimens he collected east of Eneabba in 1971. The specific epithet (lanata) is a Latin word meaning "woolly", referring to the hairs on the bracts.
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The oval-leaf pincushion differs from its nearest relatives by its small, entire, densely overlapping, egg-shaped leaves of 1–2½ cm long, the papery involucral bracts that form a conspicuous involucre and the cone- to egg-shaped pollen presenter.
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Pimelea aeruginosa was first formally described in 1869 by Ferdinand von Mueller and the description was published in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae.The specific epithet (aeruginosa) is derived from the Latin word aeruginosus meaning "verdigris" with reference to the flower bracts when dry.
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The flowerheads are on stalks and have a diameter of .The inflorescence bracts are papery, the outer ones greenish yellow in colour, and the inner ones pink-tinged white. It is difficult to distinguish from white flowered forms of X. bracteatum.
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There are five sepals with 5 bracts. The petals are 15–20 cm long while the green sepals are 6-7mm in length. There are a total of 10 stamens. The fruit ranges from a dark brown to black color.
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In East Asia, the flowering time is usually in August. Terminally on the false stem is an inflorescence stem, long, containing many flowers. The bracts are light green and ovate to oblong with a blunt upper end with a length of .
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Subtending the peduncles are oval bracts that are 1.5-2 by 2 centimeters and covered in woolly hairs. About midway along the length of the peduncles is a bracteole that is 8 by 2-5 millimeters and covered in woolly hairs.
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The bracts are similar in size to Iris dichotoma. The stems (and branches) hold between 2 and 4 flowers, between June to August. But normally in June. Leading from the spathes are stiff, pedicels (or peduncles), that are between long.
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Melaleuca conothamnoides is a shrub in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is distinguished by its relatively large leaves, prominent oil glands and unusual bracts covering the flower buds before they open.
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There are four didynamous stamens, running parallel under the upper lip, with glabrous filaments and yellow anthers. Ovary is superior, with a single white style and a 2-parted stigma. Below the calyx there are five filiform bracts, 8 mm long.
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The leaves are divided into many narrow linear lobes. The inflorescence is a head of flowers lined with leaflike bracts. Each flower is about half a centimeter long and tubular in shape with a white throat and a blue lobed face.
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Castilleja tenuis is an annual herb growing up to about 45 centimeters tall, green to purplish in color and coated in hairs. The inflorescence is made up of many narrow bracts between which emerge the white to bright yellow pouched flowers.
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Kunzea capitata was first formally described in 1996 by Hellmut Toelken and the description was published in Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Garden. The specific epithet (ciliata) is derived from the Latin word cilium meaning "eyelash", referring to the hairy bracts.
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Navarretia rosulata is a hairy, glandular annual herb growing up to tall. It has a skunky scent. The leaves are divided into many linear lobes. The inflorescence is a cluster of many flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts and hairy, glandular sepals.
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The single-stemmed (not clumping) plant grows to 5-6m in the park, and is noted for its big parallelogram-shaped leaf, with a wrinkled surface and wavy border. Subspecies bousigonii has rachis bracts that are strictly tubular and for the most part intact, not splitting, and the first order branches are inserted at the mouth of the bracts. The smitinandii subspecies is "one of the most attractive of all Thai rattans ... glossy undulate diamond-shaped leaflets and its neat low habit give it considerable horticultural potential[, a]mong Thai species it is very distinctive." John Dransfield.
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The bracts of the flower are generally arranged in three rows of unequal length, with similar grades of size, and range in shape with the bract being egg-shaped with broader end at base (ovate) to the bract being egg-shaped with the narrow end at base (obovate). The bracts are 4 to 5 millimetres long and have dry and membranous margins. The receptacle or floral axis has conspicuous oblong (having a length greater than width) scales between the flowers. The ray-flowers are female in 1 row, with about 25 ligules which are narrow, blue and are an estimated 10 millimetres long.
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The flowers are organised with many together in heads with bracts on the under- or outside. The hermaphrodite flowers themselves are set on a common base that may be cylindrical, conical or flat, and have small bracts at their base. The flowers have a perianth that is hairy on the outside, particularly at the tip, and consists of four tepals that are merged into a tube. Usually the four anthers are merged individually with the tip the perianth lobes, and only in a few species, a very short filament is present that further down cannot be distinguished from the tepals anymore.
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Insects living in the bracts often feed on the bract tissue, nectar of the flower, flower parts, other insects, microorganisms, or detritus in the water contained in the bract (Siefert 1982). Almost all species of Hispini beetles that use rolled leaves are obligate herbivores of plants of the order of Zingiberales, which includes Heliconia. These beetles live in and feed from the rolled leaf, the stems, the inflorescences, or the unfurled mature leaves of the Heliconia plant. In addition, these beetles deposit their eggs on the leaf surface, petioles of immature leaves, or in the bracts of the Heliconia.
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The species is a terrestrial or epiphyte, clustering, flowering to 1 m high. Rosulate, spreading leaves are 80—100 mm long with elliptic, brown leaf sheaths, to 9 x 6 cm wide; leaf blades are ligulate, acuminate, 35—50 mm wide. Scape is red, curved, about 5 mm in diameter with subfoliaceous, erect, densely imbricate bracts. Inflorescence is laxly bipinnate, about 40—50 x 15—20 cm; primary bracts are green and red, ovate, acuminate, 4—8 cm long; spikes are ascending, subdensely ellipsoid, 10—14 cm long, 40—45 mm in diameter, 9—15-flowered.
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Each individual flower has a ring of white or pale purple ray florets and a centre of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a cypsela tipped with dirty white down. E. canadensis can easily be confused with Conyza sumatrensis, which may grow to a height of 2 m, and the more hairy Erigeron bonariensis, which does not exceed 1 m (40 in). E. canadensis is distinguished by bracts that have a brownish inner surface and no red dot at the tip, and are free (or nearly free) of the hairs found on the bracts of the other species.
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The complex inflorescences are carried at the end of the branches. These consist of a number of crowded clusters. Each of the clusters is subtended by white to yellowish green, wavy, ovate to orbicular bracts that have a spiny margin, and further consist of one to five flower heads which each contain only a single disk floret. The most outward part of the flower head is the involucre, which is narrowly vase-shaped to cylindric and approximately high, and consists of about six worls of four bracts called phyllaries, which have often soft woolly hairs around the edge.
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Diplolaena drummondii is a small, spreading shrub to high with papery, elliptic to oblong-elliptic leaves long, margins flat, wedge shaped at the base, rounded at the apex on a petiole long. The leaf upper surface is covered sparsely with short, soft hairs, the underside sparsely to moderately covered with star-shaped hairs. The flowerheads about in diameter, the outer green to reddish brown bracts are egg-shaped to narrowly triangular, about long, covered in star-shaped, soft, short hairs. The inner bracts are about long, narrowly oblong, covered in soft, short, star-shaped hairs that taper gradually to a point.
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Flowerheads are set individually at the end of a branch of up to 30 cm long, with a few small papery bracts, more densely set near the flowerhead. Flowerheads are enclosed in an involucre of 1½–2½ cm long, which has a diameter of 1–2 cm. The individual bracts are papery, egg-shaped, 1–2½ cm long, ⅓–½ cm wide, hairless and ending abruptly in a small sharp point as a continuation of the darker colored midrib. The common base at which the florets are implanted (or receptacle) is flat, with a scale subtending every floret.
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The blooms are a striking pink colour and shaped like the bowl of a wineglass, the outer involucral bracts tending to fade towards the base; up to 120mm long and up 90mm in circumference, carried on long stems of ca. 500mm in length with the bloom at the apex; usual flowering period is early to mid-winter, but may occasionally flower at other times. The colour of the flowers can be quite variable in intensity, and a natural white variety does occur. The bracts are slightly translucent making the flowers particularly radiant when backlit by the sun.
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The floral base is flat and in diameter. It is covered below by felty to hairless, papery, egg-shaped, long pointed, overlapping involucral bracts of long and wide, sometimes with a tuft of long hairs at its tip. The papery bracts at the base of the individual flowers are very narrowly lance-shaped, long, wooly near the base and sofly hairy towards the tip. The individual flower bud is a straight tube of about long, slightly transparante, initially whitish- transparent to pale yellowish green, yellow when opening, quickly becoming orange and turning bright crimson with age.
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The main distinguishing morphological character of S. galpinii is that its primary inflorescence bracts, as well as prophyll and glume mucros are less-developed (often shorter or lacking) compared to other closely related southern African Schoenus species. The distribution of S. galpinii differs from most other species in the Schoenus cuspidatus and allies group, except Schoenus graciliculmis and Schoenus limosus. Schoenus galpinii has cuspidate spikelets compared to the aristate spikelets of the other two species. The species that morphologically most resembles S. galpinii is S. cuspidatus, which has more prominent inflorescence bracts, prophyll mucros and glume mucros compared to S. galpinii.
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Begonia tabonensis is an endemic species of Begonia discovered in Tabon Cave, Lipuun Point, Municipality of Quezo, in Palawan, Philippines. This species resembles B. mindorensis Merr., widely ovate and uniformly green leaves, and inflorescence with sessile glands. However the two species differs on several characteristics: Begonia tabonensis have shorter petioles(10 cm long), smaller leaves(4-8 x 4–6.4 cm); deciduous, chartaceous, glabrous or very sparsely glandular bracts; and slightly pointed, crescent-shaped ovary wing; whereas, B. mindorensis have longer petioles(25 cm long), larger leaves(10-15 x 6-10 cm); persistent, coriaceous, densely glandular bracts; and acute, triangular ovary wing.
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The outer bracts are ovate and covered in silky-pubescent hairs, and grow until they become long and leaf-like. The inner bracts are oblong to spathulate-oblong, are fringed with ciliate hairs along their margins, have the same type of silky-pubescent indumentum on their outside surfaces and are the same length as the actual flowers. The plant is monoecious, both sexes occur in each flower. The petals and sepals of the florets are fused into a tube-like, 23.3mm long perianth- sheath which is membranous, dilated and glabrous at the very base, but otherwise largely covered in reddish pubescence.
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The heads are surrounded by layers of bracts, the longest ones reddish-yellow, long with long reddish-yellow hairs on their edges. Individual flowers are yellowish in colour, tubular in shape, about long with the stamens, staminodes and the base of the style enclosed by the petals. The style is long, curved and yellowish red, extends beyond the petals and bracts and has a band of hairs near its tip. Flowering occurs between September and November, mainly in October, and is followed by fruit which is a small, non-fleshy nut containing one or two seeds.
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Surrounding each flower head are three to four whorls of bracts (or phyllaries) that together form the so-called involucre, which is up to in diameter. These bracts are of different length, lance-shaped, about long and approximately 1 mm (0.06 in) wide, with a bristly margin and glands. Each head contains about twenty female ray florets, each with closed, tubular part at the base that is hairy in its upper part and a purplish blue strap of about long and wide. These surround numerous bisexual disc florets with a yellow corolla of about long, hairy in the middle.
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Begonia tenuibracteata is an endemic species of Begonia discovered in Salakot Falls, Napsan, Puerto Princesa City, in northern Palawan, Philippines occurring on mossy boulders along road cut in shaded, wet lowland forest. This species, along with B. mindorensis, produces the unusual, conspicuous, persistent bracts on the inflorescences. However, it sharply distinct from the latter due to its ovate to lanceolate bracts, which are hyaline, membranaceous, glabrous or with very sparse sessile glands where the latter have widely to depressed ovate bracts that are coriaceous, densely clothed with sessile glands. Additionally, B. tenuibracteata differs by the congested rhizomes with internodes only to 3 mm long; with shorter petioles (to 7 cm long); velvety upper leaf surface; shorter inflorescence (to 22 cm); and fewer stamens (40–50); whereas B. mindorensis have 20 mm long rhizome internodes, petioles 10–25 cm long, glossy upper leaf surface, inflorescence over 35 cm long, and up to ca.
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The inflorescence is a spike of flowers and leaflike bracts occupying the top of the stem. The plant produces up to 18 flowers at a time.Handley, J. and B. Heidel. Amerorchis rotundifolia (Banks ex Pursh) Hultén (roundleaf orchid): A Technical Conservation Assessment.
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There are inconspicuous involucral bracts at the base of each flower and indistinct sepals. The leaves are simple, with small leafy outgrowth at the base, kidney-shaped to round. Leaf edges are scalloped. The leaves of H. sibthorpioides are broad and alternate.
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Trillium pusillum is a perennial herbaceous plant with a thin, branching, horizontal rhizome. It produces one or two slender scapes up to tall. They increase in size after flowering. The three bracts are dark green, sometimes with a red tinge when new.
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Calochortus splendens is a thin-stemmed lily with few leaves.Flora of North America, Vol. 26 Page 122, 133 Calochortus splendens Douglas ex Bentham It bears flowers singly or in inflorescences of up to four. Each flower is ringed with smaller, ribbonlike, curling bracts.
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The inflorescence is open, with spreading branches holding many small clusters of a few flowers each. There are small, clear bracts. Each flower has reddish or brownish green tepals with thin, transparent margins, and bristles at the tip. There are six stamens.
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The whole inflorescence is a pyramidal to subcorymbiform shape. The pedicels are long; the bracts are long. The star-shaped flowers are in diameter, with orange-yellow petals that number about twice the sepals. The sepals are long, with three to five veins.
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The loose inflorescence produces solitary flowers on long stalks. Each hair-covered flower is shaped like a conical bird's beak with leaflike, pointed outer and inner bracts. Tucked inside is the pouched white flower. The whole unit is up to 2 centimeters long.
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Euphorbia marginata Snow-on-the-mountain has grey- green leaves along branches and smaller leaves (bracts or cyathophylls) in terminal whorls with edges trimmed with wide white bands, creating, together with the white flowers, the appearance that gives the plant its common names.
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It is the presence of unique hairy exterior bracts on the flower bud that led botanists to believe it is a new species of Asteraceae, the largest family of flowering plants. The St Kilda dandelion is also much smaller than the common species.
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Felicia annectens is most related to Felicia bergeriana, but differs by the alternate leaves in the upper part of the stem, the very broad, hairless involucral bracts, and the fact that part of the disc florets are functionally, but not morphologically sterile.
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Psittacanthus calyculatus is hairless, with nearly terete branches. The leaves are opposite and ovate or lanceolate, having almost no petiole, and without veins. The inflorescences are terminal and in groups of three yellow to scarlet flowers which have cup-shaped bracts under them.
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The inflorescence is a thick corymb in diameter, each yellow flower about long and about in diameter. The overlapping bracts are in longitudinal rows of 3 or 4, broadly rounded and translucent brown. The dry, one seeded fruit are long and smooth.
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G. Reichenbach "Orchides" item 193 in C. Müller, Ed. Walpers. Annales Botanices Systematicae 6(1861)367. Berlin. subtended by maroon, 5 mm long bracts. The ovate-acute sepals are 3 mm long, as are the filiform petals, which are slightly dilated distally.
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The herbage is mostly reddish in color and somewhat hairy. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers, each surrounded by six hairy reddish bracts with hooked tips. The flower itself is only about 3 millimeters wide and is white to red and hairy.
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Leaves are up to 5 cm long. Flowers are formed in clusters up to 6 cm across, with green bracts with pointed tips giving the impression of spines. Flowers are 2-colored, white or yellow plus red or maroon. Goodman, George Jones. 1939.
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The stipules are ovate and 6–10 mm long. It flowers in terminal racemes, with clusters of buds enclosed on broad bracts. The calyx is silvery (from the hairs) and 4–5 mm long, with teeth which are 1–1.5 mm long.
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Flowers white to cream, lobes pinkish purple tinged, 1-3 per fascicle, each fascicle subtended by narrowly triangular early caducous, scarious bracts c. 1 mm long, pedicel 1-2 mm long. Flower 12-19 mm long, lobes longer then the tube, reflexed.
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The perianth is hairless. L. harpagonatum has entire (narrowly) linear leaves, a well-developed involucre consisting of 25–35 bracts (subtending the flower head as a whole), eight to rarely twelve flowers per head, the perianth tubes densely wooly in the upper part.
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The bracts of G.dinteri are 3 nerved, unlike its sister species which are 1 nerved. G.dinteri also has an unusually large root stock; its roots form a far larger percentage of its body weight than all the rest of the plant put together.
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Nepenthes rigidifolia has a racemose inflorescence. Female inflorescences have not been recorded in the wild. In male inflorescences, the rachis measures around 3.9 cm in length and the peduncle around 4.2 cm. Bracts are approximately 9 mm long by 4 mm wide.
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Each leaf upon the petiole is a dull green and thick and fleshy, divided into several rubbery-looking leaflets which are again divided into triangular pointed lobes. The inflorescence is a spherical umbel of tiny purplish corollas surrounded by large green bracts.
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Each plant usually only contains one to two flowers. They are yellow and often look like dandelions. They have bracts around each flower that have grey star shaped hairs and long black gland tipped hairs. These flowers bloom from June to August.
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Inflorescences are terminal and pedunculate, with peduncles measuring 3–5.5 cm. The bracts resemble primary leaves but are smaller. Flowers are subsessile and have pedicels 0.7-0.8 cm in length. Petals are pale pink to white, measure 1 cm, and are clawed.
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It has a very short stem, almost at ground level. The stem has 3 or 4, membranous, spathes or bracts (leaves of the flower bud). They dry after flowering. The stems hold 1 terminal (top of stem) flowers, blooming between April and June.
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The marginal flowers each have 1 white petal, enlarged, and uniformly deeply 2-lobed. The bracts and bracteoles are linear long-pointed with spreading hairs. The fruit is orbicular and flattened, and usually is 5-8 millimeters in size.Schonfelder, Ingrid and Peter.
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Its solitary flowers are born on 5 millimeter-long pedicels in axillary to supra-axillary positions. The pedicels have minute lance-shaped bracts. Its 3 hairless, triangular to oval sepals are 4 millimeters long with edges that touch but are not fused.
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The insects of plant-held waters: a brief review and bibliography. Journal of Tropical Ecology 17(2): 241–260. identified seven forms: tree holes, leaf axils, flowers, modified leaves, fallen vegetative parts (e.g. leaves or bracts), fallen fruit husks, and stem rots.
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Sideritis barbellata is a small erect shrub, laxly branched, whitish-yellow tomentose. Leaves are generally green-glabrescent above, ovate-lanceolate, the base cordiform. Inflorescences are erect, verticillasters, branched with 1–3 series of sterile bracts subtending the branches, and with slightly curved flowers.
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An annual, growing to 70 cm high and covered with glandular hairs. Very similar to Senecio sylvaticus which does not have glandular hairs. The outer bracts show a brown tip. The ray-florets are ligulate, yellow and at first spreading then rolled back.
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The cauline leaves are generally two, sessile, amplexicaul and lanceolate-shaped with a trilobed apex. The inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, with of diameter. The floral bracts are numerous (10 - 20), long, reddish (sometimes white) with acuminate apex. The small flowers are white.
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Salvia viridis quickly grows to tall and wide, with a flowering period of over a month. Colorful bracts almost hide the tiny two-lipped flowers, which are cream-colored, with the upper lip tinged with purple or rose, reflecting the bract color.
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They vary in color from bluish to green to yellowish or reddish. There is usually a knobby bump at the base of each. Flowers occur in clusters along the stems, each cluster containing 1 to 3 flowers. Leaflike bracts accompany the clusters.
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There is an increasing interest in flower colour, since some colorations are currently unavailable in plants. Ornamental companies create new flower colour by classical and mutation breeding and biotechnological approaches. For example, white bracts in Poinsettia are obtained by high frequency irradiation.
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Sabicea amazonensis is a twining creeper which has equal to almost equal leaves. The stipules are entire to two-toothed and less than 15 mm long. The bracts are free or almost free. The inflorescence is unbranched and sessile or almost sessile.
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In wild plants these are normally mauve, but white-flowered plants also occur occasionally. They are terminal in racemes with sepal-like bracts at the base with a superior ovary, the fruit a capsule.Parnell, P. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora.
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The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike is short, almost absent in some plants. The flowers are typically deep purple in colour, although paler rose- coloured forms are known. Pale green bracts, 3.5–5.5 cm long, surround the base of the flowers.
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Helichrysum leucopsideum, commonly known as satin everlasting, is a perennial herb in the family Asteraceae. It is native to southern Australia. It produces terminal flower heads, mainly between spring and early summer. The white bracts spread out or become reflexed with age.
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Other species bear their flowers on racemose peduncles. In contrast to the alternately born leaves, the bracts are opposite and scarious. The flowers are actinomorphic with two caducous sepals and five fugacious petals. The petals may be white, pink, or even pale purple.
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Near the flowers are small, pointed bracts tipped with resin glands. The flower has 7 to 13 petals, each about 1.5 centimeters long. The petals may be pale pink with darker veining, whitish with pinkish orange striping, or solid orange to yellow.
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Bracts are lanceolate and 3-7 × 1–2 mm long. The heterostylous flowers have white corollas 17–33 mm in diameter and tubes 12.5–28 mm in length. Capsules are 7.5–8 mm long and contain are reddish brown to dark brown seeds.
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It is similar to Protea effusa, as well as P. sulphurea, from which it differs by having narrower leaves with more distinct venation. It is also somewhat similar to P. witzenbergiana, differing in that species having long, foliaceous, leaf-like, outer involucral bracts.
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It grows to an average height of about four feet and produces thick clusters of bright red bracts. It is rare as a garden plant or houseplant in the United States and it is speculated to be hardy in zones 9-10.
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While the female spike length of about 3–6 cm, with bracts long ovary stalk, spindle-shaped ovary which has 6-10 ovules, short style on the split 4 petals into a cross, ovary at the bottom of only one gland body.
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Petioles are short, about 8 mm long. Spines are shorter than the leaves, about 3-5½ cm long. Bracts are broadly ovate, subtruncate, and lacerate-denticulate. The plant is monoecious, and thus has both male flowers and female flowers on the same individuals.
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White arrows indicating fertile units in abaxial view, black arrows two fertile units enlarged in Fig. 28. Hu-19. Scale bar = 1 cm. Fig. 28. Higher magnification of two fertile units from Fig. 27 showing bracts in side view with elongate lateral segments.
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They form in the uppermost axils, characteristically solitarily, but are crowded together on the axils. White in colour, they are 1 cm to 1½cm in length. They are narrow and tubular. The bracts and sepals are rather broad, acute, often sandy coloured.
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L. rodolentum can be distinguished from other species by its tall, up to 3.0 m high, upright habit and its grey felty elliptic to wedge-shaped leaves of ¾–1½ cm wide. It can be distinguished from L. parile, which has red pointed bracts.
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Flowers occur in the leaf axils, alone or in clusters of up to 3, accompanied by small bracts. The flower lacks petals but has five pointed sepals 1 or 2 millimeters long which are white or pink in color, fading white with age.
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Monopodial terrestrial climbing orchid, stem and leaves succulent, rooting from node, internode 7–10 cm. Leaves thick, oblong, 10–14 cm; apex acute; base obtuse; petioles 1–1.5 cm. Inflorescences arise from node, ca 5 cm. long, with 6-12 flowers; bracts 0.5–1 cm.
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The palms in this subtribe are medium-sized palms, with well-developed, distinct crownshafts and strictly pinnate leaves with generally short and massive petioles. The inflorescences are branched to two or three orders, with the prophyll and penduncular bracts similar (Uhl and Dransfield 1987:367).
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The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike does not emerge from the leaf sheaths. Several purple or white flowers are produced. Membranous bracts, 2–2.5 cm long subtend the flowers. Each flower has the typical structure for Roscoea (see that article for labelled images).
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The erect, perennial shrub grows 1.5 m to 2 m tall. The leaves are ovate to oblong with pinnate venation and wavy margins. It flowers from October to December. Each small, white pea-shaped flower is enclosed by a pair of reniform flower bracts.
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The inflorescence is an umbel of 3 to 6 flowers, or sometimes up to 10. There are two bracts at the base of the umbel. The flower has six whitish tepals, each of which usually has a dark reddish midvein. The flower has no scent.
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The plant is coated in long, rough hairs and sometimes bristles. It is purple-edged and -veined and leaks purple juice when crushed. The inflorescence is a series of tiny flowers and hairy bracts. Each five-lobed white corolla measures 2 to 3 millimeters wide.
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The tree becomes high and is brushy, spreading out its canopy. The trunk is twisted and the bark gnarled. It blooms in spring, from September to December, with the peak in October. The outside of the bracts are very hairy and coloured reddish-brown.
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Nepenthes lowii has a racemose inflorescence. The peduncle reaches 20 cm in length, while the rachis measures up to 25 cm. Partial peduncles are two-flowered, up to 20 mm long, and lack bracts. Sepals are oblong in shape and up to 5 mm long.
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When crushed the leaves have an almost pungent smell at times. Inflorescence A solitary terminal raceme, with 10-20(30) flowers, ranging from 25–45 mm in length. The axis is pubescent, with short curved pedicels. Bracts are light red to pinkish, ciliolate, and caducous.
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The leaves are feltlike, covered in woolly hairs. The inflorescence arises on a solid, erect flowering stem up to 15 centimeters tall with a whorl of bracts midway up. It is a headlike cluster of cream, yellowish, or rose-pink flowers with protruding stamens.Eriogonum douglasii.
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Homoranthus porteri is a plant in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in northern Queensland. It is an upright shrub with creamy- white to red pendulous flowers in pairs on a short stalk with red bracts and small linear leaves.
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Pedicels 305 mm in flower, 5–7 mm long in fruit. Bracts deltoid-lanceolate, subulate-acuminate, 3–8 mm. Bracteoles lanceolate, subulate-acuminate, dark greenish-yellow becoming reddish-orange, 7-11mm long x 2–3 mm wide. Flowers resupinate papilionaceous, red, 4.5–6 cm long.
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Based on DNA-analysis, Didelta belongs to the subtribe Gorteriinae. This analysis suggests that Didelta is most related to Berkheya spinosissima, with which it shares the dimorph involucral bracts. According to this study, the relationships within the Gorteriinae are as expressed in the following tree.
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Berberis hispanicais a deciduous shrub growing up to 3 meters (10 feet)high. The stems and young branches are reddish or dark purple. The bark is covered with 3 to 5 branched spines, which are bracts or modified leaves. The central spine is usually larger.
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The leaf blade is inrolled from the margin on the upper surface. Stems are rigid and erect. Branchlets containing the flowering heads emerge from axils at the main bracts. This branchlet has a spike-like arrangement of numerous, yellow or brown, clusters of flowerheads.
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Bulbophyllum gadgarrense, commonly known as the tangled rope orchid, is a species of epiphytic orchid with small pseudobulbs hidden beneath purplish brown bracts, dark green, grooved leaves and small white flowers with orange or yellow tips. It grows on rainforest trees in tropical North Queensland.
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Its solitary flowers are in axillary positions and born on pedicels that are 1-1.5 centimeters long. The pedicels are covered in tawny, matted hairs and have 2-3 oval bracts, also covered in tawny, matted hairs, that come to a point at their tips.
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The visible body is globose. The flowers are about 20 cm across, dioecious and unisexual. They have 10 bracts and are bright red in colour covered with sulphur-yellow spots. They appear above the ground, bloom for 2–3 days and have a putrid odour.
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Bisexual flowers with pink, purple, blue, or white sepals and three green bracts appear singly on hairy stems from late winter to spring. Butterflies, moths, bees, flies and beetles are known pollinators. The leaves are basal, leathery, and usually three-lobed, remaining over winter.
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Castilleja coccinea can be distinguished from other Castilleja of the southeastern US because it has a 2-to-3.5-millimeter long, thin yellowish or orangish lip on the corolla, the inflorescence bracts are deeply lobed, and the basal rosettes of leaves are usually well-developed.
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The leaf surface may be smooth (glabrous) or hairy. Many species flower in late winter or very early spring. The flowers are grouped into clusters (inflorescences), either in the leaf axils towards the end of the stems or forming terminal heads. The inflorescences lack bracts.
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Billbergia pyramidalis of family Bromeliaceae The flowers are typically small, enclosed by bracts, and arranged in inflorescences (except in three species of the genus Mayaca, which possess very reduced, one-flowered inflorescences). The flowers of many species are wind pollinated; the seeds usually contain starch.
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The leaves turn yellow in Autumn. The flowers are wind-pollinated catkins long, the male catkins pendulous, the female catkins erect. The fruit is unusual among birches in maturing in late spring; it is composed of numerous tiny winged seeds packed between the catkin bracts.
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The cauline leaves are generally two, sessile, amplexicaul and lanceolate-shaped with a trilobed apex. The inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, with of diameter. The floral bracts are numerous (10 - 20), long, greenish-white with acuminate apex. The small flowers are greenish-white (with pink undertones).
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The Marcgraviaceae are a neotropical angiosperm family in the order Ericales. The members of the family are shrubs, woody epiphytes, and lianas, with alternate, pinnately nerved leaves. The flowers are arranged in racemes. The flowers are accompanied by modified, fleshy, saccate bracts which produce nectar.
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Eneabba Banksia lanata is a species of shrub that is endemic to a restricted area of Western Australia. It has linear leaves, pale cream-coloured flowers in a head with whitish bracts at the base and later up to fifty elliptical follicles in each head.
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It is a herb, growing to 10–30 cm in height. The tufted leaves are 5–35 cm long and 4–5 mm wide. The inflorescences are 5–25 cm high and branched, with dense heads of numerous flowers subtended by leaf-like bracts.
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The Nardouw fountain pincushion can be distinguished from its closest relatives by its loosely arranged, softly hairy, narrowly lance-shaped to line-shaped involucral bracts, the stalked inverted lance-shaped leaves, cut-off at the tip, and an egg-shaped to cylinder-shaped pollen-presenter.
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They have a dense, golden pubescense on the underside, with a petiole streaked longitudinally. Flowers are cream-coloured, with a floral bud with three pubescent bracts, three sepals and eight pulpy petals. Fruits are small and elliptical.Velásquez R., C. y Serna G., M. 2005.
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The leaf stem is up to 12 mm long. Stems are long and slender. Flowers are 12 mm wide, without petals, but they look similar to daisies, with the bracts appearing as petals. Flowering can occur at any time of year, though mostly in summer.
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The ovary is superior. Plants lack the "garlic odor" typical of the allium subfamily, and have a fibrous corm rather than a bulb. The inflorescence bracts also differ from those of alliums. A number of genera, including Brodiaea and Triteleia, are grown as ornamental plants.
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The baskets have a diameter up to 25 mm. The bracts are single row, crowded and hairy brown-red woolly at the base. The flowers are reddish and longer than the basket case, the corners are purple. The fruits have a long hair crown.
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Johnsonia is a genus five species of herbs in the family Asphodelaceae, all of which are endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. They are grass-like plants with minute flowers surrounded by bracts which are often tinged with white, pink or cream.
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This kunzea is similar to K. affinis but is distinguished mainly by the mostly glabrous leaves and bracts. It is similar to Kunzea micromera and K. praestans, sometimes forming hybrids with those species and is difficult to distinguish from them where the ranges overlap.
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Workers of the Asiatic honeybee, Apis cerana have been observed collecting pollen. Two beetle species of the genus Lasiodactylus, a moth of the family Pyralidae and a moth of the family Tipulidae use the bracts at the base of the flowers as a breeding site.
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The western paintbrush occurs in areas above and below the treeline. It is found in dry places, favoring rocky soils and talus slopes. It has thin, lanceolate leaves (with occasionally lobed upper leaves) borne on woody stems. The bracts are pale yellow to nearly white.
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The branchlets are yellowish-brown when mature, furrowed, hairy. The needles are 1–2.8 cm long, pruinose, with stoma-lines above and 2 stomatal bands below. It has rather small cones 5–7.5 cm long, cylindrical or conical-cylindrical, dark blue, with included bracts.
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Its petioles are 7-14 by 1.7-2.4 millimeters and hairless or sparsely hairy. Its solitary flowers are axillary and droop downwards. Its flowers are on densely hairy pedicels that are 12-14 by 1.7-2 millimeter. The pedicels have up to 5 bracts.
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Within the tribe they included thirteen genera including Leucocoryne s.l. (see Genera). The full taxonomy of tribe Gilliesieae remains unresolved. Of the South America genera, a number have common features (tunicate bulbs, inflorescences with unarticulated pedicels, and one or two bracts subtending the inflorescence).
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Both sides have 2–3 teeth and stems are about three times longer than the lamina. It blossoms from June to August. The flowers are in clusters of 2–5, with 1–3 bracts. The crown is bare, light blue, split into five triangular lobes.
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The strobilus comprises whorls of sporangiophores. The sporangiophore equally trichotomizes twice to produce nine portions, each of which terminates in three adaxially recurved ellipsoid sporangia. The actinostele is three-ribbed. Although the sporangiophore bears sterile processes, it is not associated with any leafy bracts.
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The leaf-like overlapping flower bracts, usually 2, egg-shaped to narrow elliptic, long, wide, smooth and green. The fruit are a succulent red berry, about wide and as the fruit develop the sepals and petals fall off. Flowering occurs from September to November.
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Navarretia setiloba is a hairy, glandular annual herb growing tall. The leaves are divided into many forked linear lobes. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers surrounded by leaflike bracts. The flowers are about a centimeter long and are purple-blue with white throats.
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Trillium grandiflorum is a perennial that grows from a short rhizome and produces a single, showy white flower atop a whorl of three leaves. These leaves are often called bracts as the "stem" is then considered a peduncle (the rhizome is the stem proper, aboveground shoots of a rhizome are branches or peduncles); the distinction between bracts (found on pedicels or peduncles) and leaves (borne on stems). A single rootstock will often form clonal colonies, which can become very large and dense. Detail of a leafy bract showing engraved venation The erect, odorless flowers are large, especially compared to other species of Trillium, with long petals, depending on age and vigor.
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The leaf surfaces are glabrate to hairy and are usually eglandular, though they may sometimes be stipitate-glandular. The capitula, or flower heads, are radiate and typically appear in corymbiform arrays, but in rare cases they may be borne singly. The involucres, the bracts at the base of the flower heads, are cylindro-campanulate, meaning bell-shaped, to broadly campanulate and measure from 4 to 14 and exceptionally to 16 mm long by 4 to more than 25 mm wide. The phyllaries, that is the individual bracts that make up the involucres, number from 20 up to 140 in 3 to 7 series and are single nerved.
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At the base of the inflorescence there are a number of empty bracts followed by up to 15 bracts arranged in a spiral, each of which is at the base of a side branch of the inflorescence. At the apex of each side branch there is a structure made up of two larger "scales", each with a smaller "scale" at its base, and two carpels, somewhat separated from one another, often with a small "hump" in between. The pollen of Didymeles is distinctive. The grain has three furrows (colpi), as is commonly the case for eudicots, but each colpus then contains two circular openings or pores.
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Flower heads mostly contain relatively few male florets at the centre, encircled by many more female florets. However solely female flower heads also occur, and individual plants may even produce only female flower heads. The flower heads are individually set at the end of the branches, bowl-shaped and mostly 3– cm across. The involucre is –2 cm high, nearly reaching the mouth of the florets, with four to five whorls of leaf- like bracts, the outermost bracts largest, which are long to very long ovate in shape linear-oblong or obovate-lanceolate, their margin with some glandular hairs, and a stump to pointy tip.
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The rhizome of Iris imbricata, with the leaves just emerging in the spring, seen at the Botanical Garden of Leipzig It is known as 'Svaveliris' in Sweden, and as 'Žvynuotasis Iris' in Lithuania. The Latin specific epithet imbricata refers to imbricans or imbricatus meaning overlapping like tiles, (leaves, corolla, bracts, scales).D. Gledhill Which refers to the plants large, overlapping bracts, or spathes ( bract-like leaves) on the stem. It is sometimes referred to as Iris imbricate (with an 'e' at the end), normally in Russia. Specimens were collected in 'Transcaucasia' in 1844, then sent to Lindley, from Spofforth (town in North Yorkshire) by the Hon.
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The common base of the flowers within the same head has a very slim cone-shape with a pointy tip, long and wide. The bracts that subtend the flower head are oval with an pointy tip, about 1½ cm (0.6 in) long, overlapping, rubbery in consistency, softly hairy on the outside, with a dense row of hairs around the fringes. The bracts that subtend the individual flower are oval with a pointy tip, about 1 cm (0.4 in) long and wide, rubbery in consistency, and densely woolly at the base. The perianth is about long, S-shaped when opening, and pale yellow to orange in colour.
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Plants in the genus Silaum have umbels which are characteristic of plants in the family Apiaceae (they are umbelliferous, "umbel-bearing"); the umbels in Silaus species tend to lack bracts. Silaus species also tend to have a few umbellules (secondary umbels of compound umbels), and these umbellules have several small bracts called bractlets. Remains of dead leaves can often be found at the base of the plant; plants in Silaum are richly branched. The fruits of Silaum species have a carpophore, a supporting slender stalk for each half of a gape or burst open (dehisced) fruit \- these are common throughout the family Apiaceae; the carpophore is thread or filament-shaped (filiform).
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It is covered underneath by oval bracts with a pointy tip of about 1 cm (0.4 in) long and half as wide, very densely covered in soft hairs, rubbery in consistency and set in two or three whorls. The bracts that subtend the individual flowers are narrower oval with a pointy tip, are about 1 cm long and wide, rubbery in consistency and embracing the flower at its foot. It is thickly woolly at its base and ends in a tuft of long straight hairs at its tip. The perianth is 3–3½ cm (1.2–1.4 in) long, initially yellow but later coloring orange to scarlet.
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Each fertile unit comprises a bract and a cluster of five axillary peltate sporangiophores bearing several concentric cycles of sporangia. Two sporangiophores are distally, two are proximally directed and one is at 90° to the strobilar axis. The strobili of Rotafolia differ from those of Bowmanites, Sphenostrobus and Peltastrobus in that the bracts are independent and bear distal and lateral elongate segments; multiple abaxial sporangia are attached to the base of the bracts at the same level. Recorded in the Upper Devonian, Eviostachya hoegii (Leclercq, 1957; Wang, 1993) is a sphenopsid that has whorls of divided vegetative leaves and opposite strobilar axes at nodes.
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Felicia bergeriana is an annual, moderately sturdy, upright herbaceous plant of up to high that branches regularly towards the top. Its stems are covered in perpendicular bristles and glands. The leaves are all oppositely arranged on the stems, lance-, ellipse-, spoon- or inverted lance-shaped, up to 3 cm (1.4 in) long and wide, entire or with some short teeth, without or with an indistinct stalk and covered in long hairs. The flower heads sit individually on top of up to long stalks, that may carry few small alternately set bracts. The involucre is up to cm ( in) in diameter and consists of 2 whorls of bracts.
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From each plant, between one and seven inflorescence stalks emerge, that each carry between one and eight flower heads each on a relatively long flower head stalk, together long. The inflorescence stalks are mostly branched near the base, and both the common and individual stalks are dark red-brown to dark purplish, strongly ribbed, with some silvery woolly hairs, mostly with glandular hairs, and carrying many, dark purple, very narrowly ovate bracts. The lower bracts are up to 2 cm (1 in) long, but decrease in size higher up, almost clutch the stem, and are sensely set with sivery woolly hairs in the axils and glandular hairy elsewhere.
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The involucral bracts between the individual heads are thin and papery. The pappus consists of a circle of scales around the tip of the cypselas. Flowering usually appears from June to September, rarely extending to December. This species has seven sets of homologue chromosomes (2n=14).
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The 12-20 flower bracts are arranged in rows, egg-shaped to narrow lance shaped, long and wide, edges rounded or sharply pointed. The dry fruit are one-seeded, egg-shaped, long, wide, either smooth or a finely warty surface. Flowering occurs from October to April.
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They are often one-sided, with bracts much shorter on the lower than on the upper side. The flower-heads are panicle-like in shape. The flowers are in spikelets. Each spikelet is two- flowered, the upper flower being bisexual and the lower flower sterile or male.
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They are blue-purple, 15 to 25 millimeters long and bell-shaped to funnel-shaped. These flowers are sessile and grow in the axils of triangular bracts. The calyx lobes are hairy, lanceolate, and about one third as long as the flower. The corolla is about long.
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The stems are in maximum height. The leaves are narrow and small. The inflorescence has a bract which is sometimes longer than the spikes. The fruits have dark-colored bracts and a sac called a perigynium or utricle which is gray-green and rough in texture.
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Melaleuca megacephala is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is native to the south-west of Western Australia. It is distinguished by its large, hemispherical heads of yellow and white flowers on the ends of the branches and the overlapping brown bracts under them.
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They can produce up to 15 fragrant flowers, blooming from January till April. The color can vary from white to greenish and orange. The perianth is narrow and pointed, with almost similar sepals and petals.. The floral bracts are large and inflated. The lip is reflexed.
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The inflorescence is composed by a narrow and elongated spike, with three to ten flowers. The relevant bracts are lanceolate and much longer than the tepals. Their color is red-purple, with darker longitudinal venation. The outer tepals are lanceolate and erect, forming an helmet-like structure.
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This plant is a shrub growing 20 to 50 centimeters tall. The oppositely arranged leaves have fleshy, hairless blades 3 to 5 centimeters long and up to 1.2 centimeters wide. The flowers are borne in clusters. Each has green or purplish bracts and sepals and no petals.
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Although this species is variable in appearance and easily hybridizes with other Castilleja species, it generally bears a brightly colored inflorescence of shaggy pink-purple or lavender flowers. The thin, erect bracts are usually tipped with the same color, giving the inflorescence the appearance of a paintbrush.
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It is easily recognized by the spiky leaves, the terminal and axillary inflorescences at the apex of the branches, the bracts that subtend the triads with sessile flowers, the revolute subfloral domes that surround the caliculum and the base of the flowers, which persist in the fruit.
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3 mm long, lanceolate, lateral, free, sericeous. The inflorescence is a subsessile, dense, a glomerule-like spike, 1–2 cm long. It is few- to 25-flowered, with bracts lanceolate, 3–4 mm long, pubescent, scarious, with a strong central vein terminating in an acuminate tip.
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Pandanus christmatensis is a small tree or shrub, with prop roots, that grows to 10 m in height. Its leaves are 1–2 m long and 50–80 mm wide, dark green and with marginal prickles. The inflorescence has white bracts. The fruit is orange when ripe.
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Floribundae, but alone, as the series was redefined as containing only those taxa that apparently lack floral bracts altogether. The placement of D. sessilis in George's arrangement, with 1999 and 2005 amendments, may be summarised as follows: :Dryandra (now Banksia ser. Dryandra) ::D. subg. Dryandra :::D. ser.
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Monardella robisonii is a perennial herb producing an erect, hairy, grayish stem tall, lined with pairs of widely lance-shaped leaves. The inflorescence is a head of several pale pink flowers blooming in a cup of pinkish or brownish bracts. Its bloom period is June to September.
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The large, slightly convex receptacle shows numerous, yellowish orange, hermaphrodite disc florets and two whorls of yellow ray florets. They flower from March to July. The long, villous, involucral bracts end in an apical sharp-pointed spine. The achene is glabrous or is covered with short hairs.
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Its leaves are up to about long and almost form a rosette at the base, while the large flower heads are on long, approximately leafless pedicles. The involucral bracts are blunt, hardly can a narrowed tip be observed. Felicia tenella subsp. pusilla may grow to about tall.
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They can grow up to between, tall. Very rarely, they reach . In larger, more established plants, the strong erect, flower stems can branch and bear between 2–4 blooms on each plant. It has bracts that have wide transparent margins, which become scarious after antithesis (after flowering).
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The head is surrounded by reddish-brown bracts, sometimes making it difficult to see the flowers from the ground. Flowering occurs in spring and is followed by oval-shaped reddish- brown capsules, long. In late summer, the capsule splits open and releases the seeds which are long.
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Flowers are borne solitarily on pedicels (≤10 mm long) with simple bracts. Tepals are elliptic and up to 4 mm long. Female and male inflorescences have a similar structure. A sparse but persistent indumentum of simple, white hairs is present on most parts of the plant.
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Its leaves are sessile (having no stem), and are elliptic to obovate, with margins which are usually toothed (dentate). They are from 8–30 mm long by 2–9 mm wide. It flowers in spikes which are to 12 cm long. The bracts are leaf- like.
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Plants of Barnardia grow from bulbs. The flowers appear in the autumn and are borne in a dense raceme containing small narrow bracts. Individual flowers are star-shaped, small, and with pink or more rarely white tepals. The filaments of the stamens are widened at the base.
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The terminal and axillary inflorescences are short and thick, and reddish-green. The linear-lanceolate bracts are twice as long as the tepals. The pistillate flowers have five tepals and are wide. The staminate flowers also have five tepals and grow at the tips of inflorescences.
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The stems support lance-shaped leaves up to 8 centimeters long. Bunches of flowers with leaf-like bracts appear toward the top of the stem amongst the leaves. The corolla is light yellow, often slightly greenish, and about a centimeter long and wide. The style is short.
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This is a small, low shrub with stems only about in maximum length. The pointed, oval-shaped leaves are long and green. The plant bears small, solitary bell-shaped flowers in shades of white to very light pink with reddish bracts. The flowers hang like tiny bells.
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The flowers are mostly white, with bracts and bracteoles. The petals may be pure white, reddish, pinkish or yellowish. They are emarginate above and have pointed, wrapped lobules. The petals are often unequal in size, with petals at the outermost edge of the inflorescence often being larger.
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Its solitary flowers are born on 6-10 by 1-1.9 millimeters pedicels in axillary to supra-axillary positions. The pedicels are hairless to slightly hairy and have 2-3 bracts. Its oval to triangular, pink to red sepals are 3.5–10 by 3-6.5 millimeters.
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From December to January, panicles form at the end of branchlets with abundant tiny creamy flowers. The flowers have five petals and sepals, and with eight stamens. Near the flowers are many small bracts. The paired winged fruit (a fawn coloured samarae) forms from March to May.
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After flowering, the stem extends up to long. It is not branched and carries the flowers above the foliage. The stem has 2 or 3, keeled, oblong-lanceolate, reddish purple, membranous, spathes or bracts (leaves of the flower bud). They are long and 1.6–2 cm wide.
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The inflorescence is a densely packed raceme with 30–50 individual flowers. The raceme is topped by a head or "coma" formed from 13 to 20 bracts about long. The somewhat sweetly scented flowers have six yellowish green tepals, long by wide. The ovary is greenish yellow.
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Saurauia latibractea is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to The Philippines. Jacques Denys Choisy, the Swiss botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its broad (latus in Latin) bracts. In Maranao it is called maragaoaq or tamiagau.
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Sideritis cypria, Cyprus ironwort. Erect perennial herb with a woody base, 60 cm high, with densely hairy tetragonal shoots. Leaves, opposite, simple, obscurely serrate, densely hairy, thick, oblanceolate, 3-12 x 1–5 cm. Flowers in verticillasters subtended by the cup-like bracts, zygomorphic, corolla bright yellow.
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Eulophia zollingeri is a terrestrial herb with an underground pseudobulb. It has no green leaves but fleshy, pointed bracts on the flowering stem. Between six and forty reddish brown flowers long and wide are borne on a flowering stem tall. The flowers have a sharp, unpleasant odour.
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Banksia chamaephyton, commonly known as the fishbone banksia, is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has prostrate, underground stems, pinnatipartite leaves, cream-coloured and brown flowers arranged in spikes surrounded by hairy bracts. It grows in kwongan near the lower west coast.
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Inflorescences are usually on a terminal of the short lateral branches, with long flowers. Pedicels usually lack bracts and fall off early. Bracteoles are the same size and shape, which alternate along pedicels about . The lower bracteole buds occasionally, and are long and a little hairy.
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Hibbertia bracteata is a species of perennial shrub, in the family Dilleniaceae, that is endemic to the Sydney and Blue Mountains region in Australia. It has small yellow five-petalled flowers. Each flower sits on a ring of brown bracts. Flowering occurs from late winter to summer.
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The flowers appear on small spikes on leafless stems, two bracts are found on each spike. The plant pollinates by hydrophily, by dispersing in the water. The reproduction of P. australis occurs usually through sexual or asexual methods but, under extreme conditions, by pseudovivipary method.Elizabeth Sinclair.
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The single flowers are borne on a thread-like peduncle in leaf axils with 5 small to medium sized bracts. The sepals and petals are whorled around the centre floral receptacle. The fruit are a hairy capsule long containing 2 seeds that are dispersed at maturity.
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Diplolaena dampieri, commonly known as Dampier's rose,is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae. It is endemic to the west coast of Western Australia. It has slightly leathery, oblong-elliptic shaped leaves, hairy bracts and pale red to orange flowers from July to September.
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The ornamentation is granular between echinae (short spines). The ulcerate aperture is 3 μm in diameter. Pollen grains measure an average of 30 × 14.5 μm in size. On female trees, the inflorescence is a single ellipsoid or ovoid syncarp, or fruiting head, with off-white bracts.
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The margins of the bracts are a dull carmine, except for the apex, which is covered in a 7mm long, white- coloured beard of hairs. It is a monoecious species, both sexes occur in each flower. The blooms are produced in late spring, between September and November.
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Zieria involucrata was first formally described in 1863 by George Bentham from an unpublished description by Robert Brown. Bentham's description was published in Flora Australiensis. The specific epithet (involucrata) is derived from the Latin word involucrum meaning "wrapper", "case" or "envelope", referring to the persistent bracts.
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The zygomorphic flowers The flowering period is from June to August. The hermaphroditic zygomorph flowers are organized into a raceme inflorescence. The bracts have a 3 to 10 millimeters long, thin, one-sided hairy stalk. The fruit is spherical with a diameter of 2 to 2.5 millimeters.
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The rootstock consists of rhizomes, growing vertically down. They are creamish in color and covered with root hairs. The flowers are white or crimson in color, born in small, rounded bunches (umbels) near the surface of the soil. Each flower is partly enclosed in two green bracts.
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Pimelea physodes was first formally described in 1852 by William Jackson Hooker in his book Icones Plantarum, from material collected by James Drummond. The specific epithet (physodes) is from an ancient Greek word meaning "a pair of bellows", referring to the paired bracts around the flowers.
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Stipules are absent, but persistent; enlarged axillary bud scales (pseudostipules) are often present. Domatia occur in some genera. Dolichandrone falcata in Hyderabad, India Flowers are solitary or in inflorescences in a raceme or a helicoid or dichasial cyme. Inflorescences bear persistent or deciduous bracts or bractlets.
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The inflorescence is a narrow leafy panicle. The individual flowers are pale yellow, tubular, and clustered in spherical turned-down heads. The central flowers are bisexual while the marginal flowers are female. The petals are narrow and folded cylindrically and the bracts have a cobwebby pubescence.
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Fertile organs, termed strobili or cones, comprise an axis possessing whorls of bracts, or sporangiophores with adaxially attached sporangia. Anatomically preserved axes demonstrate a vascular system varying from actinostele to siphonostele. The primary xylem maturation order is either exarch or endarch/mesarch. Secondary xylem is sometimes present.
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The flower heads, which are in the axils of the higher leaves on the stems, each contain between four and seven individual flowers. The bracts that encircle the flower heads are unequal in size, clasp the base of the flowers tidly, are powdery hairy but felty near the base, and together form a two-lipped involucre. The two or three bracts below the attachment of the flowers are broadly ellipse-shaped with a pointy tip, and are larger, 3½–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in) long and 12–16 mm (0.48–0.64 in) wide. The bracts above the attachment of the flower heads are smaller, narrowly lance-shaped with a pointy tip, 1½–2½ cm (0.6–1.0 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) wide. The bract subtending the individual flower is linear with to awl-shaped, about 10 mm (0.40 in) long and 1 mm (0.04 in) wide, and densely covered in silky hairs. The 4-merous perianth is 4–4½ cm (1.6–1.8 in) long.
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Thelymitra × macmillanii is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single channelled, tapering linear leaf long and wide. Up to six bright red, sometimes yellow flowers wide are arranged on a flowering stem tall. There are one or two bracts along the flowering stem. The sepals and petals are long.
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The ribbed, erect stem branches toward the top. There are alternately arranged leaves which are lance-shaped and toothed on the edges. The basal leaves may be up to 90 centimeters long by 9 wide. The inflorescence contains white to blue flower heads with spiny, blue-tinged bracts.
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The leaves are trifoliate. leaflets are papery, with a glabrous upper surface. Inflorescences are densely spicate-racemose or paniculate, and bracts are foliaceous or dry, persistent or deciduous. Pods are small and turn brown when ripening; they are dehiscent, generally with two shiny black seeds in the vessel.
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The leaves vary in shape, size, and texture. The inflorescence is a raceme up to 40 centimeters long bearing leaflike bracts and several flowers. The flower may be over 6 centimeters long including its tubular base and corolla with narrow, spreading lobes. It is usually red, sometimes yellowish.
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Each of the six stamens, opposite the petals, terminates in two spreading branches. The six bright yellow petals are enclosed by six bright yellow sepals. At the base of the flower are three greenish-yellow bracts. Less than half as long as the sepals, only one is partially visible.
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Flowers are borne in whorls, held on spikes rising above the foliage, the spikes being branched in some species. Some species produce coloured bracts at the apices. The flowers may be blue, violet or lilac in the wild species, occasionally blackish purple or yellowish. The calyx is tubular.
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The large, slightly convex receptacle shows numerous, yellowish orange, hermaphrodite disc florets and two whorls of yellow ray florets. The long, villous, involucral bracts end in an apical sharp-pointed spine. The flowering period extends from May through July. Fruits are achenes of about 2–2,5 millimeters of length.
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This is a pale green, rhizomatous, glandular perennial herb coated in whitish hairs. The oppositely arranged leaves are oval in shape and generally toothed. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers up to 1.5 centimeters wide with a base of leaflike bracts. Each flower is lavender in color.
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Its outer ray flowers are bright golden yellow with distinct, sharp- margined white tips. The bracts tips are rounded and involucre 6–12 mm high. The corolla is 4–6 mm long. The ray flowers are 3–3.8 mm long and the disk flowers are 2.8–5 mm long.
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Compared to other American asters, the flowers appear disproportionately large for the plant's size. The inflorescence is terminal, occurring at the top of the stem, and consists of a single head. The involucral bracts are ovate to lanceolate in shape and sericeous. Ray flowers are blue and fertile.
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G. brevifolia can be distinguished by its narrower leaves and sepals. It is also similar to Gratiola ramosa, a species that it co-occurs with on the Southeastern Coastal Plain, from which G. brevifolia can be distinguished by the regular presence of 1-2 bracts subtending the sepals.
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The inflorescences normally occur as group of heads in the axils on stems (peduncles) 5–12 mm long. The bracts at the base of the flowers persists., and the heads are globular, having a diameter of 3.5–4 mm. The inflorescence consists of 25 to 35 golden flowers.
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A lodicule is the structure that consists of between one and three small scales at the base of the ovary in a grass flower that represent the corolla, believed to be a rudimentary perianth. The swelling of the lodicules forces apart the flower's bracts, exposing the flower's reproductive organs.
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The overlapping bracts are in rows of 3 or 4, are more or less hemispherical long with fine silky hairs. The white flower petals are long. The flower centre is yellow. The fruit is a flattened cylindrical shape with obscure ribbing, long with flattened silky hairs, occasionally glandular.
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In botanical terminology, a phyllary, also known an involucral bract or tegule, is a single bract of the involucre of a composite flower. The involucre is the grouping of bracts together. Phyllaries are reduced leaf-like structures that form one or more whorls immediately below a flower head.
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It differs from goat's-beard, Tragopogon pratensis, in that it has short, pale green bracts, whereas in Goats Beard they are long and pointed. It grows 7 to 50 cm. The leaves are unbranched, elliptical-lanceolate. The flower heads are 2.5 cm wide, and deep yellow in colour.
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This species produces small, robust, cream-white flowers in May to October (southern hemisphere), on an unbranched inflorescence. The flowers typically do not have pedicels (sessile), and their lobes curve outwards. The peduncle is robust and relatively short. Several large, elongated, veined, sterile bracts appear along the peduncle.
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This is supported on a five-lobed calyx, within an arrangement of up to 10 partly fused bracts. As with all the Malvales, the flowers last around a day – becoming deeply coloured and papery when spent. They are numerous in the long flowering period between June and January.
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Monardella candicans is an annual herb producing a purple stem with lance- shaped green leaves arranged oppositely. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers blooming in a cup of green, veined bracts. Each five-lobed flower is white, sometimes with purple speckles, and roughly a centimeter long.
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The leaves vary in shape from linear to lance-shaped to spoon-shaped with smooth or serrated edges; the lower leaves are borne on petioles. The inflorescence is a loose terminal raceme of flowers and lance-shaped bracts. The flowers are generally white and 2 or 3 millimeters wide.
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Leaves are digitately 3-foliolate; and also pubescent like the stem. Lateral leaflets are obliquely elliptic, and slightly smaller. Raceme is axillary or terminal, about 2–10 cm, and densely pubescent; bracts lanceolate. Calyx is 5-lobed; lobes are linear-lanceolate, lower one is longest, longer than the tube.
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The petals are blue or violet-blue and form small tubes with an opening at the top. The outer bracts are lanceolate and usually two to four times longer than wide. The flowering period extends from May to August. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds.
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Flower heads are produced on stalks well above the main leaves, and have yellow centres with pink or occasionally white bracts. Flowering usually occurs in spring or summer in years with good cool season rain.Corrick, M.G., Alexander, B. 2002. “Wildflowers of Southern Western Australia” Five Mile Press, Noble Park.
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The inflorescences are extra-axillary. When young the inflorescences are enclosed by two triangular, hairy, rust-colored bracts. The inflorescences consist of 2-3 flowers on peduncles. Its flowers have a calyx with 3 triangular lobes that are 4 millimeters long and come to a point at their tip.
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The species is tall with either yellow or yellowish-brown colour. Leaf blade is elliptic and ovate with a diameter of by . Female species have a subglobose inflorescence which is also oblong with a diameter of by . It peduncle is long while its bracts can be as long as .
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Cyperus laevigatusis a perennial sedge growing up to 60 centimeters tall, sometimes in clumps interconnected on a horizontal rhizome. The inflorescence is a small array of cylindrical spikelets with one to three leaflike bracts at the base. The spikelets vary in color from green to reddish to dark brown.
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Monardella siskiyouensis is a perennial herb producing an erect, glandular and hairy stem lined with pairs of oppositely arranged oval leaves. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers blooming in a small cup of rough-haired, leaflike bracts. The purple flowers have five lobes and protruding stamens.
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The flowers are in spreading cymes or solitary, with bracts paired that are leaf like. Named after the 18th century German botanist Conrad Moench. A common name for the plants in this genus is upright chickweeds. The species was first published by Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart in 'Neues Mag.
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The growth habit of heliconias is similar to Canna, Strelitzia, and bananas, to which they are related. The flowers can be hues of reds, oranges, yellows, and greens, and are subtended by brightly colored bracts. Floral shape often limits pollination to a subset of the hummingbirds in the region.
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The groups are no longer than the leaves. Each flower is surrounded by scaly to leaf-like bracts up to long and the four sepal lobes are about long and wide. The four petals are white, long and wide. In common with other zierias, there are only four stamens.
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At the base of the raceme, the flowers are borne individually; higher up, a pair of pedicels, each bearing a single flower, emerges from the same three bracts. There are six stamens and a style that protrudes from the flower and is terminated by a three-lobed stigma.
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Pedicels are up to 5 mm long and lack bracts. Sepals are ovate and up to 2 mm long. A study of 120 pollen samples taken from two herbarium specimens (J.H.Adam 2401 and J.H.Adam 2405) found the mean pollen diameter to be 32.0 μm (SE = 0.4; CV = 8.7%).
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The flower bracts are arranged in 3 rows, bell-shaped, smooth, pale, sticky, often purplish and broader at the apex and about long. The flower centre is yellow, blooms appear from July to September. The smooth, dry one-seeded needle-shaped fruit are about long with fine longitudinal lines.
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The flower heads sit individually at the tip of stalks, have an involucre of three whorls of bracts, and about thirty light blue ray florets surrounding many yellow disc florets. Four subspecies are recognised. The species naturally occurs in the Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces of South Africa.
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The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2004. Downloaded on 16 September 2015. The flower is stiff and persistent with stout pedicels 5-8 millimeters long and bracts subtending flowers 4-10 millimeters. The flowers grow in an inflorescent pseudo-lateral pattern borne on woody stems below leaves.Brassaiopsis.
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Staminate flowers destitute of calyx and corolla, but are surrounded by hairy bracts. Stamens indefinite; filaments short; anthers introrse. Pistillate flowers with a two- celled, two-beaked ovary, the carpels produced into a long, recurved, persistent style. The ovaries all more or less cohere and harden in fruit.
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The inflorescence is a dense columnar spike of flowers up to 15 centimeters long. The bracts surrounding the flowers are leaflike and palmate in shape, with several lobes. Each flower is up to 2 centimeters long and has a fuzzy white pouch, sometimes tinted purple, enclosed in darker sepals.
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The stemlike inflorescences grow erect to a maximum height near half a meter. Atop the peduncle of the inflorescence is a dense cylindrical spike of many tiny flowers. Each flower has a whitish corolla with four lobes each about a millimeter long accompanied by sepals covered with small bracts.
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It is similar in form to Iris bloudowii, but smaller, although it has slightly inflated bracts. It has short, thick yellow-brown rhizomes, that are about in diameter.British Iris Society (1997) Underneath, are thick fibrous secondary roots. On top of the rhizome, are the bases of last seasons leaves.
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The leaves are narrow and thick, up to 5 centimeters long, and sometimes divided into two narrow lobes. The inflorescence is a woolly cluster of narrow, leaflike bracts laced with webby fibers. The flowers have yellow throats and bright blue corollas with lobes up to a centimeter long.
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48 Retrieved on 27 March 2017. flower in the centre of the umbel. The lower bracts are three-forked or pinnate, which distinguishes the plant from other white-flowered umbellifers. As the seeds develop, the umbel curls up at the edges, becomes more congested, and develops a concave surface.
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The inflorescence consists of 6-12 strongly scented white, pink or reddish brown clusters of flowers. Inflorescence are supported on a stem long covered in long soft hairs. The bracts surrounding the flowers are long. The pedicels are long with white hairs, occasionally with glands on the tips.
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The overlapping bracts long, the inflorescence stalk long hairy and rust coloured. The pedicel long with white flattened dense silky hairs extending to the whitish long perianth. The fruit are "S" shaped, long and wide. The white to cream flowers appear in leaf axils from February to July.
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The fruiting heads develop on peduncles. A peduncle bears 25 to 50 trilobed bracts, arranged helically, and each bract is paired with a fruiting head. Fruiting heads are long and wide, with an elliptical profile. Development of the lobes varies notably: central lobes are long while side lobes are .
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Annual. Plant is erect with pubescent stems coming from the taproots. The leaves are alternate with two lateral veins beginning from the base, prominent and parallel to the midrib, crenate to crenate-serrate, or petiolate. The spikes are axillary or terminal, or both. The bracts are leaf-like.
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Mussaenda macrophylla plant in Panchkhal Valley, Nepal Mussaenda macrophylla, commonly known as sweet root is an evergreen Asian shrub. The bracts of the shrub may have different shades, including red, white or some mixtures. M. macrophylla is native to Asian countries like China, Taiwan, Nepal, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines.
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The inflorescences are covered by scale-like structures known as bracts. The upper portion of the inflorescence has a series of yellowish, urn-shaped flowers that face downward. The fruit is a capsule. Plants exist for most of their life as a mass of brittle, but fleshy, roots.
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The flowers are placed in the axils of bracts membranous and lanceolate-shaped. Their colors vary from light pink to purple or white with darker streaks mainly on the labellum (sometimes at the margins of tepals). The flowers reaches on average . The flowers are hermaphrodite and insect pollinated.
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The creamy white tubular flowers are borne singly in the upper leaf axils, either spreading or pendant, up to long, in diameter, tips of flowers have 5 lobes about long, peduncle long, bracts pointed and the sepals long. The fruit capsule is high. Flowering occurs from May to September.
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There are pale reddish-brown bracts and the floral cup is glabrous, about long. The sepals are broadly egg- shaped, about long and the stamens are about long. The fruit is a capsule about in diameter, the sepals having fallen off, and that remains on the plant when mature.
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The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike (inflorescence) is held within the leaves. The flowers are white. The pale green bracts which subtend the flowers are more or less the same length as the calyx. Each flower has the typical structure for Roscoea (see the diagrams in that article).
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A central cluster of pale yellow flowers is surrounded by petal-like white, papery bracts. These appear between September and February in the species' native range. These are followed by small dry achenes that have silky hairs. The species occurs in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania.
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Penstemon palmeri, Palmer's penstemon, grows erect and may reach height. The leaves are generally oppositely arranged and have toothed margins. The inflorescence is a panicle or raceme with small bracts. The flower has a five-lobed calyx of sepals and a cylindrical corolla which may have an expanded throat.
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Kunzea caduca was first formally described in 2016 by Hellmut Toelken and the description was published in Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens. The specific epithet (caduca) is a Latin word meaning "falling" or "deciduous" referring to the bracts and bracteoles which fall off before the flower fully opens.
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Late season mature bracts have tiny hair like barbs. Once they are in your skin can cause mild irritation that can last for years. If you work with this plant use gloves and long sleeves. When you work this plant do not touch your skin with gloves on.
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Cymes of three or five flowers are sitting in the axils of deciduous, peltate, fleshy bracts. The flowers are bisexual. The perianth consists of 4-5 joined tepals, their lobes angled and truncate distally. There are 1-2 stamens exserting the flower and an ovary with 2(-3) stigmas.
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The first formal description of D. carnea was published by Charles Gardner in 1923 in Royal Society of Western Australia. He collected the type specimen between Mogumber and New Norcia. The specific epithet (carnea) is a Latin word meaning "flesh" referring to the colour of the floral bracts.
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This species was first formally described in 1847 by the Russian botanist Nikolai Turczaninow in Bulletin de la classe physico-mathematique de l'Academie Imperiale des sciences de Saint- Petersburg. The specific epithet (bracteosa) is from the Latin bractea, meaning bract, referring to the persistent bracts of the flowers.
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The flowering stem is curved at the apex and is secund. The numerous bracts are arranged in two imbricated rows and have short pedicels. The five sepals are unequal, with two long obtuse, lateral sepals and three other shorter sepals. The lateral sepals are oblong and approximately long.
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Navarretia heterandra is a hairy annual herb producing a thin decumbent stem no more than 11 centimeters long. The leaves are divided into threadlike or needlelike lobes. The inflorescence is a compact, hairy head lined with red-tipped greenish bracts. The flowers are white with purple- spotted tubular throats.
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This wildflower is an annual herb usually not exceeding 20 centimeters in height. Its stem and foliage are coated in woolly glandular hairs. The inflorescence is a loose, narrow array of green bracts and larger flowers, each with rounded, pouched bright yellow petals and a hairy whitish beak.
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The flowers are single or in pairs, long, have orange-yellow standards, that are pinkish brown on the back, and purple-brown keels. The pedicels long, bracts long. The seed pods are oblong in shape and between long. Flowering occurs between September and November in its native range.
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Some species are dioecious, like Spinacia, Grayia, Exomis, and Atriplex. In several species of tribe Atripliceae, the female flowers are without perianth, but enclosed by two bracts. The species with a perianth have up to five tepals. The seed is horizontal or vertical, with annular or horseshoe-shaped embryo.
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F. amoena subsp. latifolia, is a taxon which sometimes has a blue disc, but yellow discs are more commonFelicia filifolia, showing disc florets turning pinkish brown when agingThe flowerheads have two rows of involucral bracts in almost all species of the section Neodetris (the exceptions being F. cymbalariae, F. denticulata, F. dubia and F. tenera), while the rest of the species have three or four rows of bracts. The communal base (or receptacle) on which the individual florets are implanted is lightly convex and lacks a receptacular bract (or palea) at the foot of each floret. Almost always, one row of female ligulate florets surrounds a centre of several rows of bisexual disc florets.
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P. prostrata subsp. prostrata is a creeping, copiously branching shrublet with branches up to long with the outer whorl of involucral bracts over the entire surface consistently hairy, the densely hairy, ovate leaves with entire margins, at right angles to the branches or even somewhat reflexed. P. prostrata subsp. dentata is also a creeping, copiously branching shrublet with branches up to long with the outer whorl of involucral bracts over the entire surface consistently hairy, and also the roughly hairy leaves at right angles to the branches or even somewhat reflexed, but these are narrow ovate to lancet-shaped, tend to lose these on the surface and have a margins with teeth.
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Differences between water parsnip and water hemlock include the water parsnip having leaves only once compound while the water hemlock has leaves which are two or three times compound. Water hemlock also has a large swelling at the stem base which water parsnip lacks. Additionally, water hemlock has bracts at the base of each small flower cluster, not at the base of the main flower head, while water parsnip has both bracts at the base of flowers and also at the main flower head. Additionally, there can be confusion between the various water hemlock species and poison hemlock (Conium maculatum) as the common name hemlock is applied to both Cicuta and Conium maculatum.
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In the past, the cone bract length was often used to divide the larches into two sections (sect. Larix with short bracts, and sect. Multiserialis with long bracts), but genetic evidenceGernandt & Liston 1999 does not support this division, pointing instead to a genetic divide between Old World and New World species, with the cone and bract size being merely adaptations to climatic conditions. More recent genetic studies have proposed three groups within the genus, with a primary division into North American and Eurasian species, and a secondary division of the Eurasian into northern short-bracted species and southern long-bracted species;Semerikov & Lascoux 1999; Wei and Wang 2003, 2004; Gros-Louis et al.
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Like Felicia echinata and F. westae, together with which F. nordenstamii constitutes the section Anhebecarpaea, it has firm, very regularly and densely set leaves on the younger parts of the stems, distinguishing them from all other Felicia species. The dense, long and woolly hairs, the long inner involucral bracts, and the narrowly obovate leaves set at an upward angle, set it apart from F. echinata (recurved narrowly ovate leaves) and F. westae (line- to lance-shaped leaves, pressed against the stem, hairless except for a fringe). It also has a likeness to Polyarrhena imbricata, which lacks the woolly hairs, large involucral bracts, and has white ray florets, tinged purple on the underside.
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The lower surface has two layers of hairs, a dense, persistent, soft, white or pinkish, cobweb-like layer that is overlaid by longer woolly hairs. The lower leaf surface is not visible through the layers of hairs. In each rosette, there is mostly just one, unbranched flower stalk of up to about , with the same indumentum as the leaf lower surface, with several line-shaped to triangularly line-shaped bracts of up to 4 cm (1.8 in) long, decreasing in size upwards, with a single flower head at its tip. The bracts that jointly surround the florets in the same head form a broadly bell-shaped involucre of about 3 cm (1.4 in) in diameter.
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The line- shaped bracts have the same indumentum as the underside of the leaves, except for the (eventually) hairless base of the inner bracts. They are arranged in five to six whorls, each 11–17 mm (0.45–0.67 in) long and -1 mm (0.03–0.06 in) wide, with purplish, pointed or stretched tips. The involucre envelops the base of fourteen to sixteen bright purplish pink, pink or white, female ray florets have a strap of about long, with a tube of about cm (0.2 in) long that carries glandular hairs. The style of the ray florets is about cm (0.2 in) long and the two line-shaped branches in which it splits are long.
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Trifolium oliganthum is an annual herb growing upright in form. The leaves are made up of variously- shaped leaflets measuring 1 to 2 centimeters in length, and toothed stipules. The inflorescence is a head of flowers no more than a centimeter wide. At its base is a fused involucre of bracts.
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Nepenthes sibuyanensis has a racemose inflorescence. In male inflorescences, the peduncle reaches a length of at least 18 cm, whereas the rachis is up to 15 cm long. Pedicels are one-flowered, up to 14 mm long, and usually lack bracts. Tepals are oblong, obtuse, and approximately 3 mm long.
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Hakea epiglottis grows to tall. The inflorescence on male plants have 2-8 flowers whereas female plants 1-3 flowers. The bracts are long on a stem about long. The flower stems are long with flat white silky hairs extending on to sepals that are long and pale yellow inside.
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Inflorescences are tall and have 2 – 3 cincinni, conspicuous bracts, and pedicels approximately 4 mm long. The red flowers have ascending-spreading sepals to 11 mm and pentagonal corollas measuring 19 – 20 × 10 mm. Echeveria peacockii has similar-coloured glaucous leaves, but its leaves are wedge-shaped with mucronulate (pointed) tips.
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The peduncle is thick and erect. It has inflorescences of three, secund, 30 cm tall or more. There are few bracts on this plant and they are all very close together, are obovate, acuminate, keeled, are 18 mm thick, and are pruinose. Pedicels are very short (up to 3 mm thick).
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The inflorescence is made up of one or more heads of bisexual and male- only flowers with tiny, curving, yellow petals. Each head has approximately five leaflike, lance-shaped bracts at its base. The rounded fruits are a few millimeters long, covered in curving prickles, and borne in small clusters.
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The inflorescence is made up of one or more heads of bisexual and male-only flowers with tiny, curving, yellow petals. Each head has an array of narrow, toothed bracts at its base. The rounded fruits are a few millimeters long, covered in curving prickles, and borne in small clusters.
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They have large elliptic-oblong pseudobulbs with one or two leaves at the apex, lateral, unbranched many-flowered inflorescences with small floral bracts. The lip is not attached to the column. The pollinarium shows a narrow stipe. There are two distichous, foliaceous sheaths around the base, from which the inflorescence emerges.
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Salvia involucrata, the roseleaf sage, is a herbaceous perennial belonging to the family Lamiaceae. It is native to the Mexican states of Puebla, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz, growing in shady places such as the edge of forests. Its specific epithet, "involucrata", refers to the prominent flower bracts, which are large and colorful.
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Atop the stem is a large, fleshy inflorescence with red-tinged green bracts that serve as leaves. Within the lobular inflorescence are one to five small flowers, each less than a centimeter long. The yellow-throated flower has yellow or white oval-shaped lobes with pointed tips. It is self-pollinating.
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Martellidendron plants are dioecious, that is, the male and female flower are on separate plants. The male flowers have many stamens (as many as 100). and grow in an inflorescence that consists of spikes surrounded by bracts. As the female flowers mature, they merge into an oblong or spherical multiple fruit.
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There are very small bracts between the flowers. These flowers have a 2.5-3mm pedicel which is jointed below its middle. The tepals are broadly ovate in shape and coloured light green with a purple margin. The 8-9mm in diameter fruit is round with two small wings at its sides.
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It is yellow-green and hairy, with a few basal leaves up to about 2 centimeters long. The inflorescence contains several flowers, each surrounded by a tube of six hairy bracts with straight or hooked awns. The flower is a few millimeters wide with white or pink deeply notched tepals.
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Monardella follettii is a perennial herb producing a slender erect stem which is purple in color and mostly hairless in texture. The lance-shaped, smooth-edged leaves are oppositely arranged about the stem. The inflorescence is a head of several pink flowers blooming in a cup of leathery, hairy, glandular bracts.
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Growing up to tall, its foliage consists of elliptical-shaped leaves, each around long, which are green and shiny on the upper surface. The shrub is dioecious, with male and female plants producing similarly arranged inflorescences surrounded by lanceolate bracts. The fruit is between long, and turns black when dry.
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The leaves are opposite or whorled. The scalelike leaves fuse into a sheath at the base and this often sheds soon after development. There are no resin canals. The plants are mostly dioecious: with the pollen strobili in whorls of 1-10, each consisting of a series of decussate bracts.
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They are 10-14 centimeters long, and 1-2 centimeters wide. The monoecious plant blooms in June and July with a panicle of one to fifteen fragrant flowers. The flowers are actinomorphic and attached on up to 13-centimeter-long petioles. The bracts are lanceolate, and blue at the top.
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Male flowers are small, solitary and lack a distinct pedicel. The male flowers are subtended by bracts that are 0.5-1.0 mm long. Male flowers have 4 oval sepals, covered in fine hair, that are 1.35 by 1 millimeters. Male flowers have 4 petals that are 5 by 0.3 millimeters.
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The species is tall with black coloured bark and either reddish-brown or dark brown coloured branches which are also shiny and glabrous. Petiole is with leaf blades being ovate, elliptic, rhombic and . Females have an erect or pendulous inflorescence which have long peduncle. The bracts are long and is lanceolate.
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The plant produces flower heads either one at a time or in dense flat-topped arrays of 2-50 heads. Each head contains 12-50 white, purple, or pale violet ray florets surrounding 25-125 yellow disc florets. The involucral bracts are reddish-purple (anthocyanic).Hitchcock, C.L. and A. Cronquist. 1987.
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Lepidosperma squamatum is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is native to Southwest Australia. It was described by Jacques Labillardière in Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen (1805). The specific epithet squamatum is derived from the Latin for 'scale', in reference to the form of the bracts.
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The inflorescence can be up to 370 mm long and has a covering of various kinds of hairs including yellowish resinous simple hairs, septate glandular hairs, hooked hairs and colleters. The flower bracts are 4–6 mm long by about. 2.5 mm wide. The flower stalks are 3–8 mm long.
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The sparse leaves are linear in shape and no more than 3 centimeters long. Flowers are solitary or appear in pairs or threes. At their bases are one or more bracts which may be divided into three narrow lobes with knobby tips. The flower is between 1 and 2 centimeters long.
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The female fruit-producing flowers have associated bracts which end in a sharp point. This characteristic differentiates A. tularensis from Atriplex cordulata, which is otherwise very similar in appearance.Flora of North America A. tularensis is listed as an endangered species on the California state level, but not on the federal level.
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This plant is erect in form, reaching up to about 30 centimeters tall. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers with each flower surrounded by six reddish or gray bracts, each tipped with a straight awn. The awns are bright red when new and age ivory white.Reveal, J. L. C. valida.
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Pale-colored flowers emerge from between the overlapping bracts. Coastal aboriginal groups ate the potato-like stembase of Ground Cones raw, though usually as a snack and not in any quantity. Formerly considered Boschniakia hookeri, some taxonomists now place it in the genus Kopsiopsis on the basis of phylogenetic evidence.
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Alpinia nigra is a biennial herbaceous plant. It is morphologically characterized by the presence of a rhizome, simple, wide-brim leaves protected by showy bracts, and terminal inflorescences. It has a soft, leafy stem about 1.5-3 m high. Leaves are sessile or subsessile, elongated and pointed at the end.
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The common example of this is most members of the very large composite (Asteraceae) group. A single daisy or sunflower, for example, is not a flower but a flower head—an inflorescence composed of numerous flowers (or florets). An inflorescence may include specialized stems and modified leaves known as bracts.
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Eucomis amaryllidifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, native to the Cape Provinces. It is a short, summer-flowering bulbous plant, with a dense spike (raceme) of yellowish-green flowers topped by a "head" of leafy bracts. In Afrikaans it is called ('rock lily').
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They are found at altitudes of up to in the Andean rainforests. The genus is named after Spanish pharmacist and naturalist, Anastasio Guzman. Several species of this genus are cultivated as indoor and outdoor garden plants. The best known is Guzmania lingulata (scarlet star) which bears orange and red bracts.
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It is a succulent, erect to decumbent herb, flowering from September to November with white-pink flowers. It grows on sandy and gravelly soils on granite outcrops and slopes. The flowers are on pedicels (stems) which are 0.5–2 mm long and erect when in fruit. The bracts are alternate.
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The cauline (borne on the stem as opposed to basal) leaves are generally two, sessile, amplexicaul and lanceolate-shaped with a trilobed apex. The inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, in diameter. The floral bracts are numerous (10 - 20), long, pinkish (sometimes white) with acuminate apex. The small flowers are pinkish-white.
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It may be green to red to dark purple in color, sometimes almost black. The fleshy leaves are linear to lance-shaped, 1 to 3 centimeters long, and flat or cylindrical. Flowers occur in clusters along the upper stems, each cluster containing 1 to 12 flowers. Leaflike bracts accompany the clusters.
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The peduncles are covered in fine rust colored hairs and have 2-3 basal bracts. Its calyx have oval lobes that are 4 millimeters long with pointed tips. The lobes of the calyx are covered in fine rust colored hairs. Its flowers have 6 petals arranged in two rows of three.
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Zedoary grows in tropical and subtropical wet forest regions. The fragrant plant bears yellow flowers with red and green bracts and the underground stem section, a rhizome, is large and tuberous with numerous branches. The leaf shoots of the zedoary are large and can reach 1 meter (3 feet) in height.
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The inflorescence is a spike or panicle, enclosed by spathe-like bracts. The flowers are small and often inconspicuous, irregular, and bisexual, usually with an outer three free sepals and an inner series of three petaloid-like segments, tube-like in appearance. The fruit is either fleshy or a loculicidal capsule.
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The star-shaped flower has five narrow, pointed petals with shiny yellow surfaces, each up to 8 centimeters long. Between the petals are long, thin yellow sepals. The center of the open-faced flower is filled with a great many whiskery yellow stamens. Beneath the petals are long, curling bracts.
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The bracts subtending the individual flowers are lance-shaped with a pointy tip, about 6 mm (0.24 in) long and 2 mm (0.08 in) wide, densely covered in woolly hairs. The perianth is initially yellow in colour but changes to pinkish over time, is 8–10 mm (0.32–0.40 in) long.
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Journal of the Arizona- Nevada Academy of Science 26:42-49. The plant is an herb or subshrub up to 160 cm tall, usually monoecious, but rarely dioecious. Leaves are usually opposite, though occasionally alternate, and the inflorescence is a spike with a tuft of small bracts at the apex.
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Flowers late May to mid July. The inflorescence is a dense umbel (umbrella shaped clusters,) with leaf like bracts at its base. There is one heavily villous involucre, roughly 5–6 mm high per ray of the umbel. The perianth is 4–6 mm long, very hairy, and typically pale yellow.
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The dark green stems have glandular hairs when young, getting smooth with age. The leaves are dark green with purplish tips, reaching long by wide. The long pale red to deep salmon flowers grow in whorls and have red bracts. The plant is easily confused with the closely related Salvia granitica.
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The plant flowers from July through October. The flowers resemble and can be easily mistaken for thistles, but burdock can be distinguished by its extremely large (up to 50 cm) leaves and its hooked bracts. Leaves are long and ovate. Lower leaves are heart-shaped and have very wavy margins.
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There are reddish brown bracts and bracteoles around the base of the flower. The floral cup is glabrous and about long. The sepals are long- triangular, about long with soft hairs. The petals are about long and the stamens are in bundles of between five and seven and are about long.
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There are also several variants of Ajuga genevensis such as A. genevensis var. arida (a variety with short grey hairs found in mountain meadows) and A. genevensis var. elatior (a mountain plant with randomly hairy stems). Both varieties vary slightly in the shape and size of the leaves and bracts.
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The flower heads have a flattened oblong-ovoid shape and are around wide. the flowers have a brown base and two long opposite primary bracts. Between 6-22 flowers form in a terminal cluster, the flowers have a brown to yellowish colour. Brown ovoid fruit follow that contain small soft seeds.
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A closely related species, Macledium relhanioides, occurs in similar areas in the western Little Karoo and Overberg, but tends to be confined to quartzitic outcrops and quartz- fields. Macledium relhanioides differs by having longer leaves (20mm) and smaller flowerheads (10mm) that have prominent pink, spiny bracts (but only rudimentary ray-florets).
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The stem known as a caudex grows in branches vertically at the ground level or underground. They are short and grow from a slender rhizome. There is a small transition zone between the roots and the basal leaves. It also is composed of a scape with one to two bracts.
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The flowers are surrounded by two bracts. The species' native habitat are the Cerrado of Brazil, specially São Paulo. In addition this plant is in danger of extinction; accordingly, information which is provided to the State Government of São Paulo in the report called Resolução SMA - 48, de 21-09-2004.
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The leaf stalk is long and the leaf margin has 2-5 pairs of deep sharp teeth. The inflorescence is a slender raceme about long with 3-15 flowers per stem on a peduncle long. The flower bracts are long, the pedicel long. The flower petals are long and pale lilac.
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They average in length. The largest specimens are nearly in diameter. The center of the cones consist of a parenchymatous pith surrounded by fused vascular bundles (two for each bract-scale complex, with each vascular bundle containing resin canals). The bracts have thick and wide woody wings tapering towards the base.
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The leaves have 14-21 pairs of secondary veins that emanate from the midrib. Its solitary flowers are in axillary positions on 10-13 by 2-3 millimeter pedicels. The pedicels have 5-9 bracts. Its flowers have 3 green, oval sepals that are 5.5-7.5 by 7-9.5 millimeters.
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The inflorescence is a panicle. Each composite flower is about wide and is set within a whorl of bracts. The individual blue- violet florets are tongue-like with a toothed, truncated tip, each having five stamens and a fused carpel. All the florets are ray florets; there are no disc florets.
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The species is wind pollinated by male cones which produce large quantities of pollen. Seeds are black. Mature seeds are dispersed from the cone through swelling of the cone bracts ejecting the seeds to the ground. Distribution is limited, resulting in many seeds landing on the ground under the female tree.
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The leaves are in length and 8–30 mm in width. The inflorescences are specialised structures called pseudanthia, also known simply as flower heads, containing hundred of reduced flowers, called florets. The involucral bracts are coloured dull carmine, flushed with green. It is monoecious, with both sexes occurring in each floret.
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Flowering occurs mainly between August and October and is followed by fruit which are urn-shaped capsules with five vertical ridges. This kunzea is similar to K. affinis but is distinguished mainly by the mostly glabrous leaves and bracts. Where the ranges of the two species meet, hybrids often occur.
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Each leaf is multilobed, and mostly green but often red-tipped, and less than 2 centimeters long. Stems and leaves are covered with woolly glandular hairs. The long stem branches bear inflorescences of leaflike bracts which are green with sharp-pointed red tips, and tiny white flowers a few millimeters across.
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Dwarf Cavendish leaves are broad with short petioles. Its shortness makes it stable, wind-resistant, and easier to manage. This, in addition to its fast growth rate, makes it ideal for plantation cultivation. An easily recognizable characteristic of this cultivar is that the male bracts and flowers are not shed.
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L. arenarium can be distinguished from other species of sandveld pincushion by its long, inwardly curved, C-shaped styles of 3–3½ cm long, the mostly creamy, relatively large inflorescences of 5–7 cm across, the papery involucral bracts with pointed and hooked tips, and its lax arching and drooping habit.
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The bracts are elongate-cuneate and have prominent marginal fringes; sporangia are attached to the abaxial surface at the base of each brac. Although R. songziensis closely resembles H. verticillatum with its external axis morphology, leaf shape, and structure of the primary xylem. However, the two forms differ in strobilus morphology.
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Castilla species are monoecious or dioecious trees up to 40 meters tall, with buttressed trunks and abundant white latex of commercial value. The branchlets have scars left by the fallen stipules. The leaves are oblong to elliptic, with entire margins. The inflorescences are surrounded by bracts and have small flowers.
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This plant is toxic, especially the fruit. The inflorescences are terminal, are sitting or almost sitting and consist of one to eleven flowers . Each flower is supported by one to three foliage-like bracts, which are 1 to 8 mm long, linear-lanceolate, concave and narrowly pointed. They may be glabrous or glandular.
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Trifolium obtusiflorum is an annual herb growing erect in form. It is hairy, glandular, and sticky in texture. The leaves are made up of sharply toothed, pointed oval leaflets up to 4 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a head of flowers up to 3 centimeters wide with a base of toothed bracts.
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The hairy leaves are linear to spatulate and flat or rolled, and measure up to 1.5 centimeters in length. It produces erect flowering stems up to about 12 centimeters tall. Each stem has a whorl of small bracts around the middle. Atop the stem is a headlike inflorescence up to 2 centimeters wide.
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In its native habitats, R. cautleyoides flowers between May and August. The flower spike emerges somewhat from the leaf sheaths. One or more flowers open together and may be of various colours: purple, yellow, white or less often pale pink. Green bracts, 4–6 cm long, with brownish veins, subtend the flowers.
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The fruit is a drupe, 12 to 14 mm long, purplish-black and egg- shaped, maturing in January to March. The five sepals persist on the fruit, but not the floral bracts. The fruit is eaten by the green catbird. Fresh seed should be used for regeneration, after the removal of the aril.
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The orchids that are most similar belong to the Dactylorhiza maculata group. D. maculata ssp. maculata is distinguished by having the lip less deeply trilobed, while D. maculata subsp. saccifera has one spur large and saccular (sac-shaped) and the bracts of the inflorescence as long as or longer than the flowers.
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Evergreen trees with lauroid leaves subopposite or alternate, or clustered at apex of branchlet, pinninerved. Panicle axillary, pedunculate, bracteate or ebracteate; bracts and bracteoles subulate, minute, caducous. Small flowers bisexual, pedicellate, 2-merous. Perianth tube obconical; perianth 4 or 5 or 6 lobes, broadly ovate-triangular or transversely oblong, small; perianth wholly deciduous.
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The inflorescence forms an umbel of 10–20 pendant bell-shaped flowers with six tepals that are yellowish to green. Nectaries 2–3 mm in diameter. Stem of about 2 1/2' feet (50–80 cm) in height. The umbel is topped with a pineapple-like tuft of narrow leaf-like bracts.
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The inflorescence is enfolded in shiny, light-colored bracts with long spines along their margins. The flowers are purple-tipped white and up to nearly 3 centimeters long. They are coated in glandular hairs and their lobes are folded over at the lips. Typical habitat is clay (typically vertic) soils in grasslands.
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Johnsonia pubescens is a rhizomatous, tufted, perennial herb with grass-like leaves which all emerge from the base of the plant. The leaves are long and wide. The bases of the leaves surround the stem. The flower spike is leafless, shorter than the leaves, with large, dry overlapping bracts surrounding minute flowers.
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In its native habitats, R. humeana flowers between April and July. The stem (peduncle) of the flower spike is hidden by the leaf sheaths. One to many flowers open together and may be of various colours: purple, violet, yellow, pink or white. The bracts which subtend the flowers are shorter than the calyx.
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Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 1: Medicinal Plants. page 507. The plant flowers plentifully in racemes of bright yellow flowers, with some flowers also occurring in leaf axils. The flower raceme has open flowers on the lower part with unopened buds at the tip covered in stark brownish green or black bracts.
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It is an annual herb growing 10 to 30 centimeters tall with linear or narrowly lance-shaped leaves up to 4 centimeters long. The inflorescence is up to 15 centimeters long. It is filled with leaflike green bracts which are generally not tipped with another color. The flower is yellow or orange.
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The palms now classified in this genus have uniting traits but are nonetheless diverse. Pleonanthy, monoecy, crownshafts, peduncular bracts, and the lack of armament characterize all members. The trunks may be solitary or suckering and may be diminutive to robust, spanning a range of heights. The leaves are pinnate and widely varied.
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Musa beccarii is a species of wild banana (genus Musa), found in Malaysia, in Sabah (in the northern part of the island of Borneo). It is placed in section Callimusa (now including the former section Australimusa). The flower bud is narrow, bright scarlet with green-tipped bracts. The fruit is green and thin.
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These have yellow centres surrounded by either white or yellow bracts. The species was first formally described by botanist Allan Cunningham in 1825 in Geographical Memoirs on New South Wales. He gave it the name Helichrysum albicans. Subsequently the species was placed in the genus Helipterum in 1929 and Leucochrysum in 1992.
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The forewings are white with black and light brown scale markings. The hindwings are ochreous white. The larvae feed on cotton. They bore in the woody or hard tissue of the host plant, such as stalks, branches, leaf petioles and larger leaf veins as well as in the leaf blades and bracts.
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The 1 inch pale lilac flowers grow on many inflorescences that rise above the leaves. The flowers are held in a hairy calyx, with showy green-veined bracts adding to the plant's charm. In cultivation, it prefers full sun, loose soil, good drainage, and regular watering. The plant also contains essential oil.
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Capsules are 2–3 mm in diameter, subglobose, with 3-5 locules. A second form of flowers has rarely been observed during years of heavy flowering. This form is a shorter more erect and compact raceme of light yellow male flowers. The corolla tubes are shorter and the bracts more spread out.
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Felicia annectens is an annual plant of up to about high, that is assigned to the daisy family. The lower leaves are opposite and the higher leaves alternate. The bloated involucre consists of very broad, hairless bracts. These protect up to ten, short, bluish ray florets that encircle yellow, partly sterile disc florets.
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Myrtle spurge is an evergreen perennial. It has sprawling stems growing to 20–40 cm long. The leaves are spirally arranged, fleshy, pale glaucous bluish-green, 1–2 cm long. The flowers are inconspicuous, but surrounded by bright sulphur-yellow bracts (tinged red in the cultivar 'Washfield'); they are produced during the spring.
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The inflorescence is a raceme occupying the top of the stem. The sepals of the flowers and the bracts between them are woolly. The flower is under long and divided into a curving trunklike upper lip and a three-lobed lower lip. It is pink or purplish in color with darker stripes.
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The inflorescence is an open, terminal raceme with small bracts. Each flower has two sepals and eight to twelve broad petals, a cup- shaped blossom, up to across. Petals are cream becoming apricot or pink near the tips. As they age, they close and cling together being replaced by the lower petals.
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Monardella douglasii is a hairy annual herb producing a branching purple stem up to about 30 centimeters tall. The oppositely arranged leaves vary in shape. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers blooming in a cup of green and purple veined, translucent bracts. The purple flowers are just over a centimeter long.
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The pollens are roughly round and approximately 10–12 microns in diameter. Pollens of Acalypha indica The green female flowers are located lower on the spikes, and are subtended by long suborbicular-cuneiform, many-nerved, toothed bracts that are foliaceous. The ovary is hispid, 3-lobed. Styles are 3, each 2-fid.
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The flowering stalk is circular in cross section. Its flowers occur in clusters at the top of the stalk. The cluster of flowers is subtended by narrow, papery bracts that are 2.5-3.1 centimeters long and come to a point at their tips. Each flower is on a 3-6 millimeter long pedicel.
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The flowers are wide with bright yellow florets that become darker with age, the corolla about long. The florets are surrounded by papery, white involucral bracts long with jagged edges. Flowering mainly occurs from November to April and the cypselas are linear, wrinkled and dark brown with an awn up to long.
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Hypoestes comes from the Greek 'hypo' meaning under, and 'estia' meaning house. It refers to the way the flowers are hidden by the fused bracts. Many of these herbaceous to small shrubby plants of the undergrowth have boldly patterned leaves, typically featuring red colors. Some are grown as ornamental plants or pot plants.
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The flowering stem is cylindrical, growing to a height of and the upper half is leafless. The whole plant has an onion-like aroma. The inflorescence is a globular cluster surrounded by membranous bracts in bud which wither when the flowers open. Each individual flower is stalked and has a purple perianth long.
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They are showy, with a pinkish- purple lip, whitish base and spur and purplish-brown sepals and petals. The floral bracts are up to long and ovate-lanceolate, and the pedicel and ovary are slender and up to long. The flowers are fragrant and waxy and appear in the autumn and early winter.
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The preferred habitat of this species is frost-free coastal bush. It hybridises readily with Encephalartos altensteinii in the Eastern Cape and with Encephalartos lebomboensis in the Pongola area. The crown normally consists of tightly-packed bracts covered in dense grey woolly hair (villosus = hairy). As with all cycads this species is dioecious.
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These bracts are 1 or 2 centimeters long; the petals at the center are only about a millimeter long. The fruit is a bright red drupe 6 to 8 millimeters in length. Its habitat includes forests and bogs, especially with layers of decaying matter. The taxonomy of this plant is not entirely certain.
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Castilleja pruinosa is a perennial herb, sometimes becoming bushy, growing up to about 80 centimeters in maximum height. It is densely hairy, becoming gray-green in color. The leaves are lance-shaped and sometimes lobed, measuring up to 8 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a cluster of bright red or orange-red bracts.
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There is a hairy swelling known as a pulvinus at the base of each leaf-blade, which acts as a hinge. The flowers are in clusters growing in the axils of the leaves. They have small, rusty-brown, hairy bracts. The calyx has four to six lobes and there are no petals.
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The base of the flower head has several floral bracts that appear light green and glabrous. Flowers bloom in late summer or early fall for approximately 3–4 weeks. The flower does not seem to emit noticeable scent. After the blooming period, flowers are replaced by dark achenes with tufts of white hair.
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The involucral bracts are blunt, hardly can a narrowed tip be observed. Felicia tenella subsp. longifolia is the most variable of the subspecies that may reach a height of about , and form ascending shoots that may root at the nodes. It may have a woody base and flower more than one year.
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The leaves are oval in shape, the upper ones with serrated edges. They are oppositely arranged about the stem and grow erect instead of spreading away from the stem. The inflorescence is a cyme of flowers surrounded by serrated, leaflike bracts. The flower has five yellow petals in a calyx of toothed sepals.
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They range in stiffness from erect to decumbent (i.e. reclining) and are usually unbranched, though in rare cases they may be forked. The leaves occur densely to rather distantly, and bracts are present proximally. The leaves typically measure 6 to 8 mm in length, but may be up to 12 mm long.
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Female catkins are erect during anthesis, but otherwise pendant. They develop into small, woody, superficially cone-like oval dry fruit long. The seeds develop between the woody bracts of the 'cones' and are shed in late autumn and winter. Red alder seeds have a membranous winged margin that allows long-distance dispersal.
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Once the male strobilus has matured the microsporangia are exposed at which point the pollen is released. The female megasporangiate is larger than the male. It contains bracts and megasporophylls, each of which contains two ovules, arranged in a spiral. These then develop a nucellus in which a mother cell is formed.
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The spikelets may be greenish or purplish in color, or sometimes tinged with orange or brick red. They are surrounded by white or purplish bracts that have characteristic comb-like hairs along their greenish nerves. The flower has six stamens. After the spikelets fall, the panicle branches have a zig-zag shape.
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Six to 25 straight pedicels are present, each measuring that support the umbellets (secondary umbels). The umbels and umbellets usually have no upper or lower bracts. The flowers have tiny sepals or lack them entirely, and measure about . They consist of five yellow petals that are curled inward, five stamens, and one pistil.
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It is probably also absent from Uruguay and Paraguay. P. poeppigiana is a large shrub. The inflorescences are carried upright or semi-erect and are surrounded by large bracts, colored a conspicuous red, that attract pollinators. The flowers themselves are inconspicuous, with the small yellow petals and sepals forming a narrow corollar tube.
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The herbage is red to gray-green in color and hairy in texture. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers surrounded by six bracts, each tipped with hooked awns except the longest, which may have a straight awn. The flower itself is 4 or 5 millimeters wide and white to pinkish in color.
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The erect, three-angled stems often exceed one meter tall. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence is a panicle of many clusters of spikelets and leaflike bracts on long, thin branches. The fruit is a pale, smooth achene less than 2 millimeters long.
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Sidalcea stipularis is a rhizomatous perennial herb, producing a bristle-haired stem up to 65 centimeters tall. The leaves have oval, unlobed blades on petioles and are evenly spaced along the stem. Each is accompanied by short stipules. The inflorescence is a headlike cluster of flowers with a cuplike skirt of hairy bracts.
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The alternate leaves are mostly petiolate, (the upper ones sometimes sessile). The leaf blade is linear, lanceolate, oblanceolate, ovate, or elliptic, often pinnately lobed, with cuneate or truncate base, anentire, dentate, or serrate margins. The inflorescences are terminal, loose, simple or compound cymes or dense axillary glomerules. Bracts are absent or reduced.
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The inflorescences, which appear in spring, are large and crimson coloured. They consist of a large domed flowerhead ringed by bracts. There are anywhere from 90 to 250 individual flowers making up the flower head. These are followed by large seed pods which eventually turn brown and split open revealing winged seeds inside.
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Eucomis montana is a plant species in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, found in South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal and the Northern Provinces) and Eswatini (Swaziland). When in flower in summer, the plant reaches a height of up to , with a dense spike (raceme) of greenish flowers, topped by a "head" of green bracts.
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The flowers are borne in cymose clusters with a minimum of three flowers, though they can also be solitary on the ends of branchlets. Each flower has about four to nine petals, two locules, and one to four ovules. They have two stamens with very short filaments. The bracts are linear or ovate.
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Rijksherbarium / Hortus Botanicus, Leiden, The Netherlands. The erect inflorescence arises laterally from the pseudobulbs, with 3 to 6 flowers, subtended by large, glabrous bracts. The flowers are prominent, large, striated cup- or urn-shaped, fleshy, waxy, and about 4 cm long. They resemble a tulip, a most unusual shape for an orchid.
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Perfect, white, one-eighth of an inch across, borne in flat compound cymes three or four inches across. Bracts and bractlets acute, minute, caducous. ; Calyx: Urn-shaped, hairy, five-lobed; lobes, short, acute, imbricate in bud. ; Corolla: Petals five, creamy white, orbicular, contracted into short claws, inserted on calyx, imbricate in bud.
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The pedicel is fleshy and about long with 4 tiny bracts at the base. The green calyx lobes are triangular-shaped, about long and smooth. The spreading, five yellow flower petals are narrowly oval shaped, about long, smooth and dotted with glands. The 5 prominent, yellow stamens only slightly longer than the petals.
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The inflorescence is a cylindrical array of lavender flowers which dries to a cone of spine-tipped hard bracts. It may be 10 centimeters long. D. fullonum is identifiable in the 6th-century Vienna Dioscurides, fol. 99 It is a herbaceous biennial plant (rarely a short- lived perennial plant) growing to tall.
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The Inflorescence is typically single-flowered (rarely double) with a faint scent. It has green oblong-lanceolate, pubescent bracts, around 9-12mm long which are spathe- shaped and clasping. The petals are 9-19 x 2-3mm, white with a blue-mauve middle stripe. They are narrowly lanceolate and erect to slightly recurved.
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There are a few reddish- brown bracts at the base of the young flower buds but they are soon shed. The floral cup is glabrous, about long and the sepals about long. The petals are about long and the stamens long. Flowering mainly occurs from March to May and from September to October.
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The flowerheads are on stalks and have a diameter of 3 to 4 cm. The inflorescence bracts are papery, the outer ones orange-brown in colour, and the inner ones yellow. It is distinguished from X. bracteatum by its narrower leaves. The species may be sunk into Xerochrysum bracteatum in a future revision.
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The taxonomic significance of stomatal distribution and morphology in Epacridaceae. New Phytologist 61: 36-40. Inflorescence The flowers are pedicellate, and either in short terminal racemes or solitary and axillary towards the ends of the branches. Flowers and Fruits Flowers are 5-merous, with bracts and bracteoles that are often small and caducous.
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They remain on the stem till the plant dies at the end of the season. In the axil of the mature leaf, there are two leaf-like bracts with a flower between them. The flower lacks petals, but is surrounded by a disk of wide, winged sepals, whitish to pink in color.
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There may be one or two leaves higher up the stem, by . The plant's inflorescence has been described by eMonocot as a "lax nodding panicle". Measuring , it bears 10–30 flowers, with between one and three to a stem. The lower bracts are long, and there are shorter bracteoles and brown, pointed tepals.
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Luzula orestera is a perennial herb forming tough clumps of several stiff, erect stems up to about 26 centimeters in maximum height surrounded by many grasslike leaves. The stem and leaves are generally reddish in color. The inflorescence is a triangular cluster of several dark brown flowers tucked between reddish, pointed bracts.
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The blades are borne on short petioles. The inflorescence is 4 to 6 centimeters wide with conspicuous bracts at the base. The flower has a circular corolla of five white petals about 8 millimeters across and five stamens tipped with yellow anthers. The fruit is a bluish black drupe about a centimeter wide.
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Its gray- green stems are covered in a coat of stiff, bristly hairs. The few rough leaves are several centimeters long. The racemes of flowers are more plentiful, with each hairy flower head a few millimeters wide. The spiny, burr-like pistillate heads have pointed, twisting bracts and the staminate heads are rounded.
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Hairy, leaf-like bracts surround the flowers and usually remain on the plant during flowering and are long. The sepals are triangular, long and the four petals are about long and slightly hairy. There are four stamens. Flowering occurs from August to October and is followed by fruits that are hairy follicles.
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Bougainvillea, Behbahan. Many of the small white flowers, in various stages of development, may be seen among the larger bracts. Bougainvillea in Behbahan Bougainvillea ( or ) is a genus of thorny ornamental vines, bushes, or trees. It is native to Eastern South America, from Brazil, west to Peru, and south to southern Argentina.
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Habenaria ochroleuca, commonly known as the sickle orchid or sickle habenaria, is a species of orchid that is endemic to northern Australia. It has two or three broad, glabrous leaves and up to twenty five white flowers on a flowering stem with many overlapping bracts. The side lobes of the labellum curve upwards.
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Mendoncia puberula is a plant species in the family Acanthaceae (or according to some specialists in the family Mendonciaceae). It is a climber with opposite, entire ovate leaves somewhat hairy abaxially, which renders the species its epithet. The fruit is a drupe, resembling a dark grape. The flowers are surrounded by two bracts.
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Darwinia wittwerorum, commonly known as Wittwer's darwinia, is a plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to a small area in Western Australia. An erect, spindly shrub with fine leaves and hanging groups of flowers surrounded by leaf-like bracts, it is one of the darwinias known as mountain bells.
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The inflorescence consists of 8-20 white or cream-yellow flowers in a raceme in the leaf axils on a smooth stalk long. The flowers appear in profusion and have an unpleasant scent. The over-lapping flower bracts are long, the pedicel long. The smooth, cream-white perianth long and the pistil long.
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Origanum libanoticum is planted as an ornamental herb for its attractive flowers and foliage and not for culinary purposes. The bracts are valued for their use in dried floral arrangements. Origanum libanoticum is hardy and has good heat and drought tolerance. It can be easily grown in well-drained soil in full sun.
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It flowers from August to October, with flowers that are 8–12 mm long, on pedicels (≤ 7 mm long). The bracts are few, and the bracteoles are about 2.5 mm long. The calyx is 3–4 mm long. The bright yellow petals with reddish markings are roughly equal and the keel is red.
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Melaleuca cornucopiae is a shrub in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and is endemic to western Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is distinguished by it unusual flowering spike - a horn-like structure covered by overlapping bracts with the flowers opening in succession, starting from the bottom of the spike.
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This is a highly variable annual herb growing to a maximum height near 30 centimeters. The leaves are 1 to 5 centimeters long and lobed or not. The inflorescence is up to 12 centimeters long and a few wide. It is packed with bracts that have white to light purple ridged tips.
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Generally curved, orange, small (4–7.5 cm long) flowers with free part of staminodes erect, floral bracts mostly caducous, and upper side of leaves often dark brown to black in herbarium material, lower side more or less lanuginose. In addition, the seeds are ellipsoid and relatively small (4–7 × 2–4.5 mm).
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The main features are broadly ovate-lanceolate, acute basal rosette leaves, with diagnostic marked teeth on the rosette leaves and dense stellate hairs on the involucral bracts. With two or three acuminate stem leaves irregularly and sharply toothed, these are laciniate dentate towards the base. The ligules are hairy at the apex.
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Navarretia prolifera is an annual herb with branching or whorled spreading stems up to about 16 centimetres in height. The leaves are threadlike or divided into threadlike lobes. The inflorescence is a cluster of flowers surrounded by hairy leaflike bracts divided into pointed, needlelike lobes. The flower is about a centimeter long.
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The leaves are tiny, rounded, and densely cover the stems. The purple and pink flowers mostly appear in Spring, on the tips of the upper branches, though they remain for most of the year. What look like petals are actually the bracts. They are rigid, papery and dry and do not wilt.
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They emerge from the base at all angles and each have 1 - 6 flowers. Each flower has 6 stamens and to long bracts that terminate in a stiff and sharp point. The flowers are hermaphrodite and are pollinated by the wind. ;Fruits and reproduction: Fruits are oval 3-celled brown capsules to .
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Fusion can be shown in diagrams by full connecting lines between organs. Lost organs can be represented by a star (✶), lost perianth parts or bracts/bracteoles can be shown with dashed stroke. It is possible to show the direction of monosymmetry by a large arrow. Resupination may be illustrated by a curved arrow.
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L. rubidus larvae feed off on their host plants, which are polygonaceae from the genus Rumex. Specifically, they have been observed feeding on R. hymenosepalus, R. salicifolius, R. triangularis, and R. venosus. Larvae tend to feed on the terminal leaves, petals, and bracts of flowers. Adult ruddy coppers feed on flower nectar.
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A cultivar, the double chaconia, which has a double row of bracts, is the more widely cultivated form. This plant originates from cuttings taken from a wild plant found growing along a roadside. Since propagation from seed has not yet been successful, all double chaconias have been propagated by cuttings from this individual.
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Calycadenia hooveri is an annual herb producing thin, spindly stems 10 to 60 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear in shape and arranged alternately along the stem, especially on the lower part. The largest is up to 8 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears several bracts, each with a bulbous gland on it.
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Vexatorella obtusata is a prostrate or upright shrub of up to 1 m high and has linear or somewhat spoon-shaped leaves of 9–45 mm long and up to 5 mm wide, with flower heads at the tip of the branches and a single whorl of involucral bracts. V. alpina is an upright shrub of up to 1½ m high with groups of two to six heads at the tip of the branches, each subtended by a single row of bracts forming an inconspicuous involucre, and long inverted oval to elliptic leaves of 30–45 mm long ande 5–13 mm wide, which is an endemic of the Kamiesberg. V. amoena has flower heads each subtended by three or four whorls of bracts that form a conspicuous involucre, shorter oval to elliptic leaves of 15–30 mm long, which grows at the south end of the Kouebokkeveld Mountains and the adjacent Swartruggens range. V. latebrosa has solitary flower heads, each containing as much as forty to fifty flowers, line- to somewhat spoon-shaped leaves, and is an endemic of the Langeberg near Robertson.
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The upper parts of the stems carry leaves that are only slightly shorter than the lower leaves. The flower heads are medium-sized and sit individually at the tip of an indistinct, up to long, bristly glandular inflorescence stalk. The involucre that envelops the florets is up to in diameter, and consists of about three rows of overlapping bracts that are lance-shaped to inverted lance-shaped. The bracts in the outer whorl are about long and wide, and those in the inner whorl about long and , suddenly extending to a narrow pointed tip, and all are bristly glandular and contain resin ducts. About thirty female ray florets have light blue straps of about 1 cm (0.4 in) long and 1 mm (0.06 in) wide.
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From each leaf rosette rise two to eight, ribbed inflorescence stalks of usually long (full range , which are tinged dark purple further up, with a thin or dense layer of white woolly hairs and scattered dark red glandular hairs. The stalks carry some dark purple line-shaped or narrowly inverted egg-shaped bracts of long and 2–4 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide, with a pointy tip, and a hairless surface or with some woolly and glandular hairs, but densely woolly in the axils. Each stalk carries mostly a single, rarely up to three flower heads. Each flower head consist of ray florets and disc florets which are encircled by mostly about twenty four (but up to thirty) involucral bracts in three or four overlapping whorls.
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The eighteen to thirty-two green or reddish bracts have red or blackish tips and together compose a pitcher-shaped involucre, which later becomes more inflated and woody. The free tips of the involucral bracts cover at least the upper two-third, are initially more or less upright but bend out later. This involucre encloses one complete, and sometimes a second incomplete whorl of somewhat overlapping infertile ray florets, in some forms seven to nine, in other forms twelve to fourteen, which may range in base color from almost white, through yellow to orange, with the underside ranging from grayish to dark orange-brown. These may have a darker zone at the base that may be clear yellow or orange-brown.
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The mostly six to fourteen flowers are set in a spike, each subtended by two green to dark purple flushed bracts, which are usually 47½ cm long at the low end and 1½5 cm at the tip of the spike. The flowers are scarlet red, with some yellow on the inside, and green on the outside, near the base in a fresh flower. The tube, where the tepals are still merged, is erect, slender and cylindrical at the base where it is enclosed in the bracts, and this part is mostly 1½2 cm long. It expands rather abruptly into a funnel- shaped upper part at a right angle with the stem of usually 1½–3 cm long and ½¾ cm wide.
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Orchis provincialis is a herbaceous plant high. The 4-5 basal leaves are oblong-lanceolate, with a length of about 8 cm and arranged in a rosette, the color is green with purplish brown spots. The cauline leaves are sheathing the stem, with yellowish lanceolate bracts. The inflorescence comprises 5 to 30 small flowers.
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The overall size varies between species from 30 cm tall up to 2 m tall. The leaves are entire, opposite and decussate (each leaf pair at right angles to the next) and rugose or reticulate veined. The bracts (floral leaves) are similar or different from the lower leaves. All parts are frequently covered with hairs.
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The perianth is a pale amber and the flowers are enclosed by shining pink, sharp-pointed bracts. The fruit is enclosed in a bladder-like sac which does not open at maturity to release the seed. It is cylindrical and 2–2.5 mm by 1–1.5 mm. It flowers and fruits from November to March.
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Maturation occurs in 5–8 months, and the seeds are shed shortly thereafter; the cones are shed soon after seed release or up to a year or two later. The seed scales are thin, leathery, and persistent. They vary in shape and lack an apophysis and an umbo. The bracts are included and small.
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Tsuga canadensis boughs shedding older foliage in autumn Another species, bristlecone hemlock, first described as Tsuga longibracteata, is now treated in a distinct genus Nothotsuga; it differs from Tsuga in the erect (not pendulous) cones with exserted bracts, and male cones clustered in umbels, in these features more closely allied to the genus Keteleeria.
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The flower colour can vary from white to pale purple with purple spots, a symmetrical pattern of dark purple loops or dots and dashes. The lip has three lobes. The bracts are usually shorter than the flower. The lip is smaller than that of the very similar Dactylorhiza maculata and has three deeper cuts.
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The leaf edge may be curved backwards or rolled under. The leaf upper surface has either small wart-like protuberances or smooth with occasional long hairs. The single yellow pea flower has a red-orange band around a yellow centre and bright yellow wings and keel. The flower bracts are about long, the pedicels long.
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Desmoncus polyacanthos, the jacitara palm, is a spiny, climbing palm native to the southern Caribbean and tropical South America. Stems grow clustered together, and are 2–12 m long and 0.5–2 cm in diameter. Petioles, rachis, cirrus and peduncular bracts are covered with short, curved spines. Two varieties are recognised: D. polyacanthos var.
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The flower petals are 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) long, white or mauve, flower head in diameter and the centre yellow. The 15-20 overlapping flower bracts are narrowly elliptic, green, barely toothed and rounded at the tip. The brown fruit are egg-shaped, sticky and long. Flowering occurs from October to May.
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The inflorescence is a panicle of several spikes of flowers. The spikes may hang like bells or grow erect. The bracts around the flowers are usually dry, thin, membranous, translucent, and streaked or veined with brown. The bell-shaped flowers of most wild species are pink; red, purple, yellow, and white taxa also exist.
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Pallenis spinosa, common names: Spiny Starwort or Spiny Golden Star, is an annual herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Pallenis of the family Asteraceae. The Latin name of the genus is derived from palea (chaff), referring to the chaffy receptacle, while the species name spinosa, meaning spiny, refers to the spiny bracts surrounding the flowers.
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It is a large, bushy perennial herb with sprawling stems reaching one to two meters long. The leaves are heart-shaped, toothed, and pointed, and generally between 6 and 10 centimeters long. The inflorescence holds large showy, solitary flowers. Each flower has a cup of partly fused sepals beneath a layer of slender bracts.
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The flat fruits are small and dry and look like bugs. Many of its species are cultivated. The 75 to 80 Coreopsis species are native to North, Central, and South America. They have showy flower heads with involucral bracts in two distinct series of eight each, the outer being commonly connate at the base.
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The stems are lined with alternately arranged leaves which are oval with pointed tips and measure up to 2 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a cyathium with bell-shaped bracts surrounding four tiny glands with flat, fringed appendages. At the center of this arrangement are several staminate flowers and one long pistillate flower.
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Thelymitra holmesii is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single erect, fleshy, channelled, linear leaf long and wide with a purplish base. Up to nine purplish blue to mauve flowers wide are arranged on a flowering stem tall. There are two bracts on the flowering stem. The sepals and petals are long and wide.
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Near the top of a rosette, the leaves gradually get smaller and change into floral bracts, as the stem forms a long, pointed inflorescence.G.Rowley (2003): Crassula: a grower’s guide. Cactus & Co, libri. Italy. It is a small, succulent herb (15-40 cm in height) - with stems that are either erect or rambling and mat-forming.
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The flower stems are 2 to 20 mm long. The calyx is set with 6 to 8 mm long, egg-shaped lanceolate and almost pointed to almost blunt goblets. The crown is 20 to 25 mm long, colored white or pink and occasionally has a yellow palate. Inflorescences in terminal clusters of leaf- like bracts.
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Self-compatible plants have smaller, barely scented flowers with introrse, or inward-facing anthers. This annual herb forms a rosette of leaves but usually has no stem. Flowers are borne on long pedicels that emerge from bracts hidden in the leaf rosette. In favorable conditions the plant may later grow a stem with an inflorescence.
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The male flowers in purple globular clusters (but look yellow when in bloom) and are on simple or branched spikes. The unbranched florets attached to the stem. The male flower lacks bracts or bracteoles. The female plant also flowers, but more discretely in the leaf axil, (appearing as two small pink tepals in image below).
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The inflorescence is terminal or axillary, consisting of thyrsiform cymes or compound umbels. The small, more or less fragrant flowers are white, yellow, pink or green and funnel-shaped, growing on a pedicel and subtended by bracts. They consist of 5 petals and 5 sepals, arranged in four whorls. The fertile flowers are hermaphrodite.
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This is a rhizomatous subshrub with stems up to 20 centimeters tall. Leaves are borne in a whorl and are oval in shape and up to 8 centimeters long. The leaves are hairless to hairy. Flowers are borne in a cyme inflorescence, but are much smaller than the four white or pinkish bracts surrounding them.
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In general, Monardella viridis is a perennial herb producing a hairy erect or decumbent stem lined with pairs of oval leaves with woolly undersides. The inflorescence is a head of several flowers blooming in a small cup of rough- haired, leaflike bracts. The light pink or purple flowers are between 1 and 2 centimeters long.
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There are usually many stemlike inflorescences growing erect to a maximum height around 18 centimeters. Atop the peduncle of the inflorescence is a dense cylindrical or somewhat conical spike of several tiny flowers and bracts. The spike is very woolly. Native Americans (Navajo, Pueblo, Hopi) also used this as a medicinal and ceremonial plant.
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It is a climbing vine with three to five lobed palmate leaves. Large stipule-like bracts with cilliate margins are found on the axils of the leaves and fruits. It is a monoecious plant with male flowers in raceme inflorescences and female flowers solitary. Fruits are borne in the months of December to January.
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Nepenthes izumiae has a racemose inflorescence up to 18 cm long, of which the peduncle constitutes up to 10 cm and the rachis up to 8 cm. Flowers are borne solitarily on pedicels (≤5 mm long) that lack bracts. Tepals are ovate and up to 6 mm long. Fruits reach 15 mm in length.
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Atop the stem is the rounded to egg-shaped flower head, which looks superficially like that of a thistle, mainly due to its spikiness and lavender color. It is fringed with up to 17 spiny, toothed, pointed bracts, each up to about two centimeters long. Each flower head is packed full of small lavender flowers.
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This is a small annual plant with fibrous roots and thin stems rarely exceeding about in height. There may be a one to three thin, short leaves around the base of the plant. The inflorescence is one to two centimeters long and holds several flat spikelets. These may be surrounded by long, leaflike bracts.
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The individual flowers have green, yellow-green or white tepals and are borne on short stalks (pedicels) long. The filaments of the stamens are joined at the base to form a slightly cup-shaped structure. The inflorescence is topped by a head (coma) of green bracts, up to long. The plant has no purple coloration.
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Its petioles are 8-18 by 2-2.4 millimeters and mostly hairless. Its solitary flowers are born on pedicels that are 13-16 by 2.5 millimeters. The pedicels are in axillary positions, have sparse hairs, and have about 5 bracts. Its broad, oval sepals are green with red highlights and 6 by 9-10 millimeters.
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Even at a height of only 30 cm, plants of the species can flower. The terminal, compact inflorescences consist of three to 20 non-fragrant flowers. The inflorescence axis is 3 to 7 mm long and glabrous. Below each flower are one or two foliage-like bracts, 1 to 10 mm long, lanceolate and ciliate.
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Euphorbia cotinifolia is a broadleaf red shrub native to Mexico and South America. Treated as a shrub, it reaches but can be grown as a tree reaching . Small white flowers with creamy bracts bloom at the ends of the branches in summer. The purplish stems, when broken, exude a sap that is a skin irritant.
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Pedicels are one-flowered, up to 20 mm long, and typically possess bracts. Sepals are lanceolate to oblong in shape and up to 4 mm long. A study of 120 pollen samples taken from the type specimen (S 44163 (Lai & Jugah)) found the mean pollen diameter to be 32.3 μm (SE = 0.4; CV = 7.6%).
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The margins are variously described as smooth without undulations or wavy-edged. The flowers are arranged in a short, rather slender raceme on a stem (peduncule) tall. The raceme is topped by a head or "coma" of short bracts. The somewhat unpleasantly scented flowers have six greenish or purplish tepals, and purple stamen filaments.
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Occasionally white flowers are seen. The flowers are about in diameter with a perianth consisting of two bracts and the pedicel long. The flower petals are small lobes and the surface is covered in star-shaped hairs. The flowers are followed by capsules containing black seeds which are shed from the plant when ripe.
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The terminal inflorescence is three to thirty flowered. The branching of the inflorescence is mostly dichasial, with ascending pairs of flowering branches rising five nodes below. The entire inflorescence is corymbiform to cylindric, though in smaller plants the inflorescence is a simple, nearly naked cyme. The cymes are subtended by slender bracts measuring long.
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The individual flowers have overlapping bracts long and covered in coarse, rough hairs. The pedicel long and smooth, the pistil long. The red and yellow perianth is long, smooth and covered in a bluish-green powdery film. The large fruit are smooth with wrinkles, pear-shaped long and wide, ending in two small horns long.
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Phoebe species are evergreen shrubs or trees with pinnately veined leaves. The flowers are hermaphrodite, white, small and fragrant, and are grouped in branched terminal inflorescences in the form of panicles. The bracts are all of equal length or the outer ones are slightly shorter than the inner ones. The ovary is oval to spherical.
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The phyllaries (a bract under the flowerhead) has long spreading hairs. Each phyllary is associated with a ray floret. Species of Arnica, with an involucre (a circle of bracts arranged surrounding the flower head) arranged in two rows, have only their outer phyllaries associated with ray florets. The flowers have a slight aromatic smell.
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The leaves are light brown or reddish sheathing bracts. It blooms between October and March producing brown flowers. Each stiff, erect, spike-like and sparingly branched inflorescence has a length of and has a much shorter sheathing bract underneath. The red-brown coloured spikelets have a length of and contain one or two flowers.
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Utricularia sect. Lecticula is a section in the genus Utricularia that was originally described as genus Lecticula in 1913 by John Hendley Barnhart. The two species in this section are small subaquatic carnivorous plants that are distinguished by the unique bracts, which are basifixed and tubular. Both species are native to North and South America.
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Schoenus filiculmis is a species in family Cyperaceae, tribe Schoeneae. Other notable genera in tribe Schoeneae include Lepidosperma, Oreobolus, Costularia, Tetraria and Gahnia. Preliminary evidence suggests that although S. filiculmis shares some morphological characters with the S. compar – S. pictus group (e.g. primary inflorescence bracts with lateral membranes), its evolutionary origin is slightly different.
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In these the plants rely either on chemical attraction or other structures such as coloured bracts fulfill the role of optical attraction. In some phaneranthous plants such structures may reinforce floral structures. The production of fragrances for olfactory signalling are common in monocots. The perigone also functions as a landing platform for pollinating insects.
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Persea americana is a tree that grows to , with alternately arranged leaves long. Panicles of flowers with deciduous bracts arise from new growth or the axils of leaves. The flowers are inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, wide. The species is variable because of selection pressure by humans to produce larger, fleshier fruits with a thinner exocarp.
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The inflorescences are protected by bracts joined together along one side. The ovary is superior. Plants do not have the characteristic garlic odor of the allium subfamily (Allioideae). They are set apart from the amaryllis subfamily (Amaryllidoideae) by their superior ovary, the presence of saponins and the absence of the alkaloids typical of amaryllids.
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Māori lived in the area for over 800 years. The Māori name Tāwhara-nui refers to "the abundant bracts of the kiekie vine". Until the 1870s, the park was occupied by a small hapū (sub-tribe) of the Te Kawerau people called Ngati Raupo. The people lived mainly around the catchment of the Mangatawhiri Stream.
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The flower spikes are long with prominent, hairy involucral bracts at the base of the head. The flowers are rusty brown with cream-coloured styles. The perianth is long and the pistil long and gently curved. Flowering occurs in May and November and the follicles are elliptical, long, high and wide and densely hairy.
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Hippeastreae is a tribe of plants belonging to the subfamily Amaryllidoideae of the Amaryllis family (Amaryllidaceae). Species in this tribe are distributed in South America. Flowers are large and showy, zygomorphic, with the stamens in varying lengths, inflorescence bracts are often fused basally (along one side). The seeds are flattened, winged or D-shaped.
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Coilostylis is a genus of orchids. It was split off from the "supergenus" Epidendrum in 2004. This genus features pseudobulbs, large bracts around the flowers, and flowers that are typically resupinate, with the trilobate lip adnate to the column and having a long thin midlobe. It is not unusual for this genus to produce keikes.
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The flowers bloom from July to August, and are magenta colored with reddish-brown bracts. Each flower is from 4-7 inches long and 1/2 inches across, with 30-60 disk florets. They have central stout stem that is covered with white hairs. The flowers grow close to each other and have rayless heads.
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There are oblong to more or less round bracts covered with silky hairs at the base of the flowers and almost reaching the top of the floral cup. The sepals are brown, triangular and long. The petals are egg-shaped to almost round, long. The stamens are white and long and the style is long.
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Origanum libanoticum (Lebanese oregano, hopflower oregano, cascading hopflower oregano, ornamental oregano or cascading oregano) is a species of herbaceous flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to the mountains of Lebanon and Syria. Origanum libanoticum is prized for its attractive foliage but especially for its pink bracts and flowers; it blooms from summer to fall.
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Its petioles are 8 millimeters long, hairless and wrinkled on their undersides, with a channel on their upper surface. Its inflorescences have 3-4 flowers. Its peduncles are scaly and covered in fine hairs. Its pedicels are equal in length to its flowers, have bracts at their bases and are covered in brown hairs.
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Masses of small pinkish-white flowers about in diameter are arranged in clusters of between three and seven in leaf axils. The clusters have a stalk up to and are longer than the leaves. Four large green, leaf-like bracts surround each flower cluster. The sepals are triangular, about long and covered with velvety hairs.
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The flowering season of Boerhavia erecta is from early summer to mid-autumn. The inflorescences are determinatively cymose, meaning that the central, terminate flowers open before the basal flowers. Two leafy bracts subtend each branch of the inflorescence, but detach at an early stage. Each peduncle bears 2–6 sessile flowers at its apex.
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The diaspores are seeds or fruits (utricles), more often the perianth persists and is modified in fruit for means of dispersal. Sometimes even bracts and bracteoles may belong to the diaspore. More rarely the fruit is a circumscissile capsule or a berry. The horizontal or vertical seed often has a thickened or woody seed coat.
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Navarretia hamata is a hairy, glandular annual herb producing a spreading, erect stem up to about 30 centimeters tall. It usually has a strong skunky scent. The leaves are divided into narrow, sharp-tipped lobes, the ones at the tip of each leaf hooked. The inflorescence is a head filled with leaflike green bracts.
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Between the bracts bloom the pale to bright yellow pouched flowers. Like other Castilleja, this Castilleja mollis is hemiparasitic, attaching its roots to those of other plants to tap nutrients and water. The host plant for this Castilleja species is probably Menzies' goldenbush, Isocoma menziesii.The Nature Conservancy Castilleja mollis is a federally listed endangered species.
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They are usually about as long as the bracts but can be substantially longer. The height of the plant overall is typically between , though it occasionally can grow as tall as . Its rhizomes are about thick. Unlike its relative Zingiber officinale, the rhizomes are not edible, and it is not used as a spice.
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The florescences are mostly with 4-5 rays. Bracts are ellipsoidal or ovoid oblong, naked - in length from about 2.7 to 5.3, rarely up to 6.5 cm wide and 1.2 to 2.6 (sometimes up to 3.5 cm). Brakteoles below the male flowers are anctast and integral or in 1-3-parts, yellow to lightgreen, hairy.
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Species of waratah boast such inflorescences ranging from 6–15 cm in diameter with a basal ring of coloured bracts. The leaves are spirally arranged, 10–20 cm long and 2–3 cm broad with entire or serrated margins. The name waratah comes from the Eora Aboriginal people, the original inhabitants of the Sydney area.
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The needles are four-angled, long and crowded in groups of 30 to 40 on short spurs. They are pale blue-green and deciduous, turning golden yellow in autumn. The seed cones, long, are red-purple when young but become dark brown with age. They have thin scales and narrow bracts that extend over the scales.
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The flowers are held in a bowl-shaped involucre of bracts with toothed edges. Each flower has a calyx of sepals narrowing into one or more bristles which are coated with long hairs. Within each calyx is the flower corolla which may be pinkish purple, white, or bicolored purple and white. The bloom period is April to July.
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Thelymitra × chasmogama is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single channelled, tapering linear leaf long and wide with a reddish base. Up to six bright pink flowers wide are arranged on a flowering stem tall. There are two bracts along the flowering stem. The sepals and petals are long and the column is mauve pinkish and long.
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Melaleuca plumea is a shrub in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a widely spreading, densely foliaged shrub which produces masses of deep pink flowers in spring and early summer. Fluffy hairs on parts of the flowers, including the bracts covering the flower buds, are also a feature.
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Bracts are small and ovate, pedicels are long. Sepals are small and ovate. The vexillum is rather large broadly ovate, vaulted and has three broad spreading lobes with a dense tuft of petaloid hairs above the conjunction of the lobes. It has a long filiform appendage which is entirely hidden in the spur and extends its whole length.
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Trifolium microcephalum is an annual herb taking a decumbent or erect form. It is coated in hairs. The leaves are made up of oval leaflets with notched tips, each measuring up to 2 centimeters long, and bristle-tipped stipules. The inflorescence is a head of flowers borne in a bowl-like involucre of wide, hairy bracts.
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The leaves are made up of oval leaflets with notched or flat tips, each measuring up to 1.5 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a head of flowers borne in a deep bowl-like involucre of bracts that can nearly envelop the whole head. The flower corollas are white to pink and about half a centimeter long.
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L. shinanense Leontopodium is a genus of plants in the family Asteraceae (which also includes daisies and sunflowers). The genus is native to Europe and Asia. The fuzzy and somewhat stocky "petals" (technically, bracts) could be thought of as somewhat resembling lions' paws--hence the genus name combining léōn (lion) and pódion (foot)., , Flora of China Vol.
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They are light green above with two grey-white stomatal bands underneath, and are directed upwards along the stem. They are soft, flattened, and strongly aromatic. The cones are cylindrical, 5-9.5 cm long and 2.5-3.5 cm broad, with small bracts hidden by the scales. They ripen from bluish to brown or dark brown in mid-autumn.
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Pachypodium inflorescence, or clusters of flowers, appear either at the end of the stem, growing directly off the stem, or attached to the stem by branchlets. The bracts, or leaves surrounding the inflorescence, resemble sepals. Flower stalks range in length from 0 to 56 mm. Pachypodium flowers always consist of five sepals, ranging in shape from ovate to oblong.
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The yellow mountain bell is a small, compact, erect shrub up to about high. Its leaves are about long, wide and minutely toothed. Bell-shaped, flower-like inflorescences appear from March to April and from August to November. These are clusters of drooping, nectar-rich flowers with white petals surrounded by larger yellow to lime-green, petal-like bracts.
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These inflorescences can grow to a length of 50 cm (e.g. in the Hay-scented Orchid, D. glumaceum). The stems are ovoid to cylindrical, striped, sharply reduced pseudobulbs, about 4–10 cm long, with green to brown bracts at their base. Each carries one or two tough, erect and lanceolate leaves, usually about 20 cm long, with narrow petioles.
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The shoots are glabrous, shiny yellow-gray when young and turning gray- brown. The cones are long by wide, yellow-brown, and slightly tapering with a bluntly rounded apex. The scale bracts are hidden under the cone scales. The seeds, long with a wedge-shaped wing long, are released after the cones disintegrate at maturity in October.
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Inflorescences occur at the stem tips, and some pistillate inflorescences grow from nodes along the stem. The spikelets have purplish bracts. The pistillate flowers have four stigmas on each pistil, an identifying characteristic. The fruit is coated in a sac called a perigynium, which is white to light brown in color, purple-tipped, and covered in hairs.
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