We called this a bottom-up plan, but it was only bottom-up from the perspective of numbers — how much money we'd have, what our costs were, etc.
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This is something that I've created from the bottom up.
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Traditionally, perception was thought to work from the bottom up.
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"The nation is alive from the bottom up," Lt. Gov.
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The country looks so much better from the bottom up.
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Eventually, they hope to build it from the bottom up.
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To succeed, the momentum must start from the bottom up.
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It's happening from the bottom up of the age structure.
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Now, the most important information is coming from the bottom up.
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"They are building these models from the bottom up," he said.
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All this hints at the paradox of bottom-up climate policies.
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Outside sales reps are hired after exhausting this bottom-up strategy.
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Most of the work right now in AI is bottom-up.
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These channels are effectively melting the glacier from the bottom up.
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That's going to help the scene grow from the bottom up.
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Three is you better build up portfolios from the bottom up.
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Change has to come from the bottom up, van Apeldoorn said.
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"The nation is alive from the bottom up," Mr. Newsom said.
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Our schools must be reformed from the bottom up and within.
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Cincinnati Asset Management follows a conservative "bottom-up value" investment discipline.
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David Brooks Legislation can be crafted bottom up or top down.
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They wanted to help repair the church from the bottom up.
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Still, maintaining a guildlike operation requires working from the bottom up.
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I felt the need for something that is more bottom-up.
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This is a great scenario to consider top-down bottom-up shades.
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They champion talent regardless of experience or networks, from the bottom up.
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"Goals are now created bottom-up and not top-down," Watt said.
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In the book I talk about it's got to be bottom-up.
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It will turn from a top down to a bottom up perspective.
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Rebuilding his life from the bottom up was a daunting task, however.
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This is a bottom-up, organic grassroots party based on conservative principles.
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Further, the two investors have a bottom up thesis on the market.
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This is something that is going to have to be bottom-up.
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This is the political revolution we need — bottom up, not top down.
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Such bottom-up efforts at revitalizing the republic met with limited success.
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But sustainable results require bottom-up demand supported by well-designed incentives.
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We seem to be entering a new phase of bottom-up cyberwar.
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Usually, when you're thinking radical, you're thinking history from the bottom up.
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City planning should be done as in Tapiola: from the bottom up.
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"The biggest difference in this one was the bottom up," Epstein said.
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The standards-development organizations accredited by ANSI follow a bottom-up process.
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The second agency, known as 18F, takes a more bottom-up approach.
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If gentrification originally was kind of bottom-up, this is definitely top-down.
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Or from the bottom up: that leaders try to reflect their followers' ideology.
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Taste was top-down for most of history, but now it's bottom-up.
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They allow messages to flow from the bottom up, or the outside in.
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We want bottom-up organic growth, not top-down policies driven by Washington.
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Above all, we wanted to base our study on a bottom-up approach.
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"The total troop pullout was a bottom-up effort in government," he said.
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It's more of an infiltration technique for bottom-up sales to school districts.
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This has been a bottom-up process that nobody anticipated and nobody controls.
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"Real change always happens from the bottom up," he said, to big applause.
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The rebuilding and renewal of our country must come from the bottom up.
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All of them promise to pursue a bottom-up, nationwide strategy, like Dean's.
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Historically, top-down approaches estimate emissions that are about twice bottom-up estimates.
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Around the world, bottom-up solutions are leading the fight against climate change.
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Digital innovations from the top down and bottom up are making shipping smarter too.
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Indeed, his entire campaign has been constructed around a bottom-up, movement-based model.
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That's how I want to change the American seafood culture from the bottom up.
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The second part is bottom-up, and that one I'm even more hopeful about.
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Though optimism had been shattered, a more bottom-up approach was worth a shot.
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But according to author Adam Alter, change will only come from the bottom up.
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A technical build from the bottom up solves medicine … or so it would seem.
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As the First Lady has said, change needs to come from the bottom up.
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The "bottom up influences" are going to be much more conserved across the population.
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"This is outside-in and bottom-up," said Marie Fishpaw of the Heritage Foundation.
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And ok, Amsterdam really embraces bottom up initiatives, so for Amsterdam it's really good.
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Experiments happen and information about how to solve problems flows from the bottom up.
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"Almost by design, it squeezes out bottom-up innovation," Handscomb said of the structure.
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We need a bottom-up movement that truly represents the interests of American workers.
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A "bottom-up" approach mimicking what is found in the brain is more promising.
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State bureaucrats are left to use bottom-up methods to meet top-down goals.
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I'll be spending more time listening from the bottom up in the Downloaded section.
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It's a bottom-up reinvention of the fundamental assumptions about how these things work.
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To date, Loom has focused on a bottom-up distribution strategy similar to Dropbox.
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What she seeks instead is a renewed civic culture built from the bottom up.
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A project like GIGA is a bottom-up antidote to Silicon Valley's business model.
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Investment Process The fund uses a long-term, discretionary, bottom-up, activist, investment approach.
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It was also bottom-up, "bonding" social capital, coming out of the working class.
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BOTTOM-UP APPROACH Companies will only succeed at ensuring their entire operations are free of abuse if they adopt a bottom-up strategy to reforming their supply chains, said Daniela Colaiacovo of the Goldlake Group, a gold mining company that operates in Honduras.
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It's had a tremendous move since the February 2016 bottom, up 25 percent or more.
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That change didn't happen from the top down, but it happened from the bottom up.
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"We really think it's a bottom-up market, not a top-down market," he said.
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Canadians must hope that in the long term the bottom-up approach will pay off.
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Second, can NEOM generate bottom-up creativity to match the top-down vision and planning?
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So Headstart — like many startups before it — may find itself starting from the bottom up.
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Choi started by lightening her clients hair from the bottom up, without bleaching the roots.
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You build things from the bottom up, you organize, and that's how you effect change.
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In particular, one crucial step is developing a more detailed "bottom up" inventory of methane.
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"[My dad] had me work from the bottom up," Valastro told The National in 2014.
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Yet many of the hardest international problems presidents deal with rise from the bottom up.
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"We will rebuild our state from the bottom up and the middle out," Murphy said.
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The bottom-up (analyst) estimates for 2017 haven't really moved at all since the election.
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Still, changes like these "work better," he says, "when they occur from the bottom up."
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The nation responded to the turmoil both from the bottom up and the top down.
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"AWS from the bottom up is really easy to spin up," Maycotte of Molecula said.
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"We're bottom-up stock-pickers and less interested in the short-term outlook," he said.
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This needs to be spread from the top-down in addition to the bottom-up.
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He focuses on the idiosyncratic features of the investment and uses a bottom-up approach.
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Change is best done more incrementally, from the bottom up, after much trial and error.
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True liberals contend that societies can change gradually for the better and from the bottom up.
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In the United States, we would not want the government – the system is a bottom-up.
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This bottom-up approach is being deployed in Las Minas and other poor areas of Cali.
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The bottom-up plan would save money for all individuals and families now paying income taxes.
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Instead, our perception of reality is a complex interplay between bottom-up and top-down processes.
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As such, we cannot know if we are looking at it top-down or bottom-up.
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Much more important, he feels, is the sense of bottom-up empowerment that faith often provides.
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And because there is not a consensus from the bottom up, he has not done that.
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"We are looking at restoration with a bottom-up approach," says FAO Foresty Officer Nora Berrahmouni.
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|
The meth epidemic spread from the bottom up as much as from the pharma giant down.
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But they stress they're building a bottom-up coalition that will eventually have far greater impact.
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"We went back and designed the platform from the bottom up for light shows," said Walden.
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This is localism, a bottom-up, practically oriented way of looking at today's biggest policy dilemmas.
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We use a bottom-up approach with the full support and participation of law enforcement agencies.
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Let's scrap this budget and rebuild the nation from the bottom up, not the top down.
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We wanted to really see if we can redefine the VC model from the bottom up.
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Please give personal growth, empathic bonding, economic freedom, bottom-up government, and white people another try.
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Mr Teixeira argues that decoupling is a customer-driven phenomenon—bottom-up rather than top-down.
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Or, inspiring, depending on if you read from the bottom up rather than the top down.
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That's why he reads resumes bottom-up, looking first at a candidate's hobbies and volunteer experience.
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This use of personality testing is beautifully consistent with the bottom-up origins of the MBTI.
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We're only going to make change through bottom-up efforts, because most jobs are offline anyway.
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Once, private developers like Bill Roth had worked in good faith to support bottom-up planning.
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Mr. Rubin said that the plan called for continuing to be as bottom-up as possible.
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Others, among them some of the very best, prefer to see it from the bottom up.
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Part of the reason is that awkward people engage in bottom-up brain processing, Tashiro says.
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"Her view is that the house had to be renovated from the bottom up," he said.
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This future cannot be imposed from the outside; it must rise organically from the bottom up.
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Climate progress has historically been driven from the bottom-up, not the top down from Washington.
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The bottom-up revolution is still happening, even if some top-down people are in power.
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There was a willingness to take risks and use government instruments to drive bottom-up experimentation.
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In bottom up you ask, What problems do voters have and how can they be addressed.
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"Investing recommendations: "The bottom-up consensus for energy earnings embodies a modest increase in oil prices.
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|
MUNICH - IMF'S GEORGIEVA SAYS NEXT WEEKS WILL BE VERY IMPORTANT, NEED TO BUILD BOTTOM-UP IMPACT
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"My hope is that (Perez) will direct the party toward working from the bottom up," he said.
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That plan was devised "through a bottom-up, Committee-led approach," said AshLee Strong, Ryan's press secretary.
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Even the basic bottom-up processes are not exact copies of reality but approximations shaped by context.
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These are more likely to be effective if developed from the bottom-up rather than top-down.
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Bottom-up organisation, via social media and word of mouth, makes it unintimidating and easy to join.
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Those movements were generally bottom-up affairs, however, powered by a sense of purpose and moral outrage.
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Control capitalism Not all of the proposals have to do with addressing inequality from the bottom up.
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But rather than stunting democracy in Somaliland, this response ensured that democratisation moved from the bottom up.
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He is convinced that success must come from the bottom up, rather than through top-down interventions.
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The lines among top-down government institutions and bottom-up problem solvers have never been more blurred.
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"What we're building is, basically, the ability for people to create bottom-up communications," Perdomo told me.
|
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Sanders, too, connected with bottom-up movements such as the Fight for $15 and Occupy Wall Street.
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Fold up the bottom over the filling and roll it from the bottom up like a cigar.
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It's really a bottom-up approach, where women came out and led the movement with these accusations.
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We learned about bottom-up versus top-down, and how to get the community and government involved.
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The former puts pressure from the top down, while the latter applies pressure from the bottom up.
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The bottom-up, light blue line represents the average expected returns of US, Europe, and emerging markets.
|
|
Perception did not, then, simply work from the bottom up; it worked first from the top down.
|
|
But figuring out how to combine top-down predictions and bottom-up signals was not always easy.
|
|
A 'bottom-up business'Just in July, Snyk acquired DevSecCon, a conference dedicated to development, security, and operations.
|
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This assessment will unfold, country-by-country, reflecting the unique "bottom-up" nature of the Paris treaty.
|
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The best strategy, Gupta believes, is bottom up: Let candidates tailor their campaigns to their individual constituencies.
|
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Sometimes, a picture of shitload of letters is worth a thousand words (read from the bottom up):
|
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Perhaps change needs to come bottom-up, even if this is harder and messier and takes longer.
|
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Rather than asking Twitter to provide a top-down solution, however, we created a bottom-up one.
|
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They are a result of a thick social fabric, woven over years of bottom-up political mobilization.
|
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The success stories are all bottom-up; the failures are all where the bottom has fallen out.
|
|
But it still gives me optimism, despite its coming from the top down, not the bottom up.
|
|
On graduating, he became a runner at the bank to learn the business from the bottom up.
|
|
Another, the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission (HabEx), is built from the bottom up with observing exoplanets in mind.
|
|
Politically prudent or not, the counter-Trump culture seems to be coming swiftly and from the bottom up.
|
|
The result was damning for researchers pursuing the connectome, a bottom-up recreation of all the brain's interconnections.
|
|
Spaces should be created from the bottom up, by the people, he says, not simply presented to them.
|
|
They said his agreement to a summit before there had been a bottom-up process was a mistake.
|
|
Sanders recognizes that, when the status quo leaves Americans exposed, change can only come from the bottom up.
|
|
Instead, the authors see the emergence of a "chaotic pluralism", in which mobilisations spring from the bottom up.
|
|
Today's most innovative edtech companies are exploring alternative distribution and monetization strategies, such as grassroots or bottom-up.
|
|
The firm points to both their bottom-up and top-down approaches that lead to the same conclusion.
|
|
Their core concepts of civilization, economic freedom, and bottom-up government weren't just good ideas for white men.
|
|
Trump has embraced this type of bottom-up economic policy as a core tenet of his economic approach.
|
|
ACOs, on the other hand, take a bottom-up approach, wherein a successful patient outcome is the goal.
|
|
"Special operations units are built around bottom-up planning with merit-based and character-led leadership," Hall said.
|
|
Approaching cooperation from the bottom up makes for diffuse and frustratingly slow progress, but it makes for progress.
|
|
While some progress can indeed be legislated from the top down, change also happens from the bottom up.
|
|
Right under everyone's nose, this state has gone from deep blue from the bottom up to ruby red.
|
|
Using high-speed cameras, the team then filmed the soap bubbles as they froze from the bottom up.
|
|
It is clothing considered from the bottom up — one if its founding garments was a pair of underpants.
|
|
But he seems pretty sure that it's actually activism from the bottom up that will change the country.
|
|
But they also impede the bottom-up flow of information and ideas that makes economies adaptive and creative.
|
|
"Bottom-up" measurements can be unreliable because of a lack of data from individual oil and gas sites.
|
|
ICANN describes itself as a global "bottom-up community" that does not regulate prices or police online content.
|
|
The EPA Greenhouse Gas Inventory is done in a way experts like us call a "bottom-up" approach.
|
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But the thing that we ... Everything about our project from the bottom up is wrapped in social justice.
|
|
That was really implemented from the top but then became hugely popular from the bottom up as well.
|
|
And as it spreads, it will gain cross-partisan legitimacy and economic clout, exerting bottom-up pressure on policymakers.
|
|
Colombia caught onto this early and "understood that resilience had to be built from the bottom up", he explained.
|
|
Some scientists say that this type of bottom-up approach is necessary in order to truly understand life's essence.
|
|
Ironically, the antidote comes from a relationship to tech that unshackles tools and processes, instead, from the bottom up.
|
|
Use your hands to gently disperse a quarter-sized amount of cream onto damp hair from the bottom up.
|
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I have to have trust at every level, that there is leadership that operates bottom up and top down.
|
|
Hsieh said Zappos may adapt its bottom-up company structure into software that it can sell to other corporations.
|
|
The first is a festival, Cut/Make/Do, that is exploring bottom-up approaches to fashion production and consumption.
|
|
Yú'é Bǎo, for example, was bottom-up driven with Alipay addressing a market need and subsequently managing regulatory concerns.
|
|
For the past ten years, in a typically Pentecostal bottom-up initiative, he has been saving kids from gangs.
|
|
It is bottom-up: people freely opt into the system, to speculate or make payments that governments cannot block.
|
|
But it benefits from the bottom-up distribution process popularized by Dropbox, and the fact that it's starting free.
|
|
It's very top-down unlike in the U.S., where the market is very bottom-up and state by state.
|
|
"Whales are not just passengers in the oceans, dependent on bottom-up forces such as phytoplankton blooms," said Roman.
|
|
He wrote that lefties should embrace populism; combining charismatic, top-down leadership with bottom-up assemblies, marches and occupations.
|
|
Lord Ashdown is proposing a bottom-up movement that, while reformist, will risk seeming defensive of Britain's status quo.
|
|
As Speaker, he committed to a "bottom-up" approach that empowers committees to draft and mark up these proposals.
|
|
But things like health reform and sports success — and the reggae industry, for that matter — are largely bottom-up.
|
|
But we need to build a system that works from the bottom up, so that poor people can participate.
|
|
But we can hope that bottom-up political activism will light a fire underneath the complacent rump of Congress.
|
|
The thumbnail is a man's face, shot from the bottom up, a computer screen reflected solemnly in his glasses.
|
|
The 'Strong' rating reflects PEWS's active, long-term investment approach, which is primarily based on bottom-up fundamentals selection.
|
|
It helped foster bottom-up movements like the Tea Party and Black Lives Matter here in the United States.
|
|
This is in contrast to bottom-up processing, where there is progression from the individual characteristics to the whole.
|
|
To finally make a dent in this national emergency, we need to rethink the agency from the bottom up.
|
|
The action was in keeping with the pope's vision of a collegial, bottom-up church that empowers local bishops.
|
|
The "Beloved Community" he imagined was a bottom-up, Whitmanesque "spiritual welding," a graceful coming together of unlike ethnicities.
|
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"This is not politics coming from above, or outside, but from the inside and bottom up," Mr. Elbaek said.
|
|
Fitch rates SCGC using a bottom-up approach, in line with the agency's Parent and Subsidiary Rating Linkage criteria.
|
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Unlike a network that is very top down — and even the BBC is very top down — we're bottom up.
|
|
An up-and-coming generation of makers, builders, social entrepreneurs, artists and entrepreneurs are reinventing America from the bottom up.
|
|
But it's now confronting bottom-up outrage from activists and local lawmakers who were cut out of the bidding process.
|
|
The areas where our society is failing people are those where policy does not enable bottom-up, market-driven innovation.
|
|
He talks cleverly about replacing a traditional top-down bureaucratic version of socialism with a more democratic, bottom-up version.
|
|
Ratings Reflect Parent Support: We rate DTAC on a bottom-up basis, using our Parent and Subsidiary Rating Linkage methodology.
|
|
It's this 'bottom up' approach and the ability to interrogate this data that Holm thinks could help change soccer itself.
|
|
Greenblatt said that from a bottom-up basis since 1990, the S&P 500 is in the 20th expensive percentile.
|
|
PMDPs are a top-down approach to the crisis, but more can be done to educate from the bottom up.
|
|
As he's always done, Ellison will energize and excite the grassroots to help build the party from the bottom up.
|
|
Khosrowshahi later mentioned that culture needs to be written from the bottom up, rather than pushed down from the top.
|
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" At its core, this philosophy "rejects the authority of top-down hierarchies and replaces them with bottom-up, generative processes.
|
|
Proposals to get our economy back on track must be as inclusive as possible and build from the bottom up.
|
|
The movement is more bottom-up than top-down, more face-to-face than virtual, more Middle American than coastal.
|
|
"Around the world, bottom-up solutions are leading the fight against climate change," Mr. Bloomberg said in a Twitter post.
|
|
Ms. Davidson said the industry groups' involvement in mobilizing contractors and workers undercuts the idea of a bottom-up movement.
|
|
Most of the leadership will be from the bottom up — in sync, perhaps, but coordinated only in the loosest sense.
|
|
"We're in this age of bottom-up citizen power," says Eric Liu, author of a recent book on political activism.
|
|
Sanders subscribes to a vision of electoral politics which stipulates that campaigns need to be built from the bottom up.
|
|
Over several years, Dr. Wall worked from the bottom up, mapping out the circuitry that was likely to be involved.
|
|
Stewart's bill creates certainty for these public lands through the legislative process — driven by locals — and a bottom-up approach.
|
|
When combined with improved reporting and accountability, this bottom-up approach can address destructive behaviors and attitudes at their root.
|
|
As one of the Chinese leaders described, it's basically a top-down, versus a bottom-up type of approach, you know.
|
|
Mr. Buffett's approach of bottom-up investing – rigorously analyzing companies and building a durable portfolio – has proved itself over many decades.
|
|
After all, Manhattan skyscrapers originate from a centralized design, not from an evolving, bottom-up, spontaneous, chaotic process of creative destruction.
|
|
We know from various studies that our information processing is not "bottom-up"—we don't just see/hear/feel our environments.
|
|
This continues until a single candidate gathers a majority, with subsequent preferences transferring as candidates get eliminated from the bottom up.
|
|
But the alternative to the ram-it-through, top-down legislative process would be a bottom-up, deliberative, committee-based process.
|
|
Choukeir also uses a "bottom-up" approach with this strategy, which uses fundamental analysis on specific businesses, regardless of their industry.
|
|
If we're going to fix what's broken -- almost by definition -- we've got to also make it happen from the bottom up.
|
|
Bottom-up OKRs work hand in glove with "20 percent time," which frees grassroots engineers to dive into promising side projects.
|
|
Many would argue it was the unprecedented bottom up approach of the earliest HIV/AIDS response with community leading the charge.
|
|
"The main drivers have gone from top down to bottom up," said Ian Williams, economics and strategy analyst at Peel Hunt.
|
|
I think a lot of what we do on the news side is bottom-up, and it's always been that way.
|
|
Once in place, it will work just like everything else on the internet: through bottom-up, private-sector-led, voluntary cooperation.
|
|
"Change almost never happens from the top down, it almost always occurs from the bottom up," Sanders said in the email.
|
|
Slack's bottom-up distribution strategy could give it an edge against these larger companies and their broader but more complex products.
|
|
If you thought eating an entire pineapple from the bottom up would make you go into labor, would you do it?
|
|
That helps explain why reports that focus on real-world projects ("bottom up" reports) tend to be so bullish on renewables.
|
|
I mean, this is a time for power to come from the bottom up, and I don't think she represents that.
|
|
Johnston and Lee take a refreshingly bottom-up approach that gels nicely with the broadly contextual approaches of the work itself.
|
|
The Census Bureau is providing an accurate portrait of a racially changing country from the "bottom up" of the age structure.
|
|
"Today is more of a bottom up day focused on results," said Ingo Schachel, head of equity research at Commerzbank, Germany.
|
|
And a bottom-up energy system will complement and ease the pressure on California's increasingly shaky and vulnerable top-down system.
|
|
"The changes need to be not just ... top down from the central government, but also bottom up from different state governments."
|
|
But we don't yet know if there was coordination between Kushner's top-down paid campaigns and Putin's bottom-up "organic" posting.
|
|
And party leaders are framing this year's strategy as a bottom-up endeavor that learns from the failures of cycles past.
|
|
Democracy has pushed back, through bottom-up agitation from ordinary people who had taken to the streets from Leipzig to Bucharest.
|
|
Yes. But a bottom-up movement is not going to change things as much or as quickly as needs to happen.
|
|
So, instead of influence being something that happened from the top down, it would happen sideways and from the bottom-up.
|
|
"We maintain that even during macro-driven market dislocations, bottom-up analysis remains as important as ever — and we think such bottom-up analysis can reveal opportunities in stocks that may have been caught up in the sell-off despite limited exposure to the macro effects," Morgan Stanley's research team wrote in a note to clients Monday.
|
|
Yet, the move towards more skill-based hiring and vocational training is an important component of revitalizing communities from the bottom up.
|
|
Priyadarsanan Dharma Rajan, a senior fellow with ATREE, said his organization worked with the fishermen to develop a "bottom-up" conservation model.
|
|
"They will be coming to discuss how to relaunch Europe from the bottom up, there's a big need," Renzi said on Sunday.
|
|
Privacy is built in from the bottom up, via code, and from the top down via legislation and regulatory methods like GDPR.
|
|
It is global where the EU is regional, networked where the EU is bureaucratic, bottom-up where the EU is top-down.
|
|
Instead, the authors see the emergence of a "chaotic pluralism", in which mobilisations spring from the bottom up, often reacting to events.
|
|
These recommendations will reflect a blend of both "top down" and "bottom up" transformational proposals for near-term and long-term changes.
|
|
"We worked together," he said, emphasizing that the country needs to be strong from the bottom up, not from the top down.
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Other times, it comes from the bottom up, when ordinary people come together, think up extraordinary ideas, and insist on being heard.
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Unlike many initiatives, the energy that could be unleashed by the bill would come from the bottom up, not the top down.
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Building the protective infrastructure we will need to safeguard our future will require both a bottom-up and a top-down approach.
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They are also being asked (implicitly) to shoulder direct personal risk in order that a faceless movement generates bottom up political pressure.
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The OA-DSO + ACE model would provide for that kind of planning and spur the growth of a bottom-up energy system.
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So what we do with block caving is we go right down to the bottom and start mining from the bottom up.
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These are all forms of monoculture that don't rely on an enforced, top-down sameness, but create sameness from the bottom up.
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"We need to address the root cause, and change the regulations from the bottom up so this doesn't happen again," he said.
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If the macro is just an excuse, it means bottom-up stock selectors may be able to extract more value from the sector.
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Tewoo's rating benefits from a two-notch uplift based on the bottom-up approach detailed in Fitch's Parent and Subsidiary Rating Linkage Criteria.
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Without forceful action, led from the bottom up, Democrats will never make serious progress on issues such as economic inequality and financial reform.
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"There will be more and more bottom up resistance to the Trump administration through progressive cities and states passing sanctuary policies," Newman said.
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It appears the bet is by making it simple for potential customers, it'll attract attention from both the bottom up and top down.
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"Bottom-up consensus estimates suggest that S&P 500 adjusted EPS will fall by 3 percent year/year in 2Q 2016," Kostin said.
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While marketing has typically been a top-down activity with brands trying to hard-sell their customers, the future is more bottom-up.
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These words are unlikely to go into wide circulation: popularity and usage generally spring from the bottom-up rather than the top-down.
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It's an agreement described as bottom-up, meaning countries devise their own plans and, to some extent, are responsible for carrying them out.
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The resultant set-up has the ricketiness often seen in structures ordained from the top down rather than built from the bottom up.
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Active managers can adjust their sector allocation, benefit from bottom-up security selection and position portfolios to minimize the impact from rising rates.
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Recent science has shown that ecosystems might in fact be driven top-down by these predators, and not bottom-up like previously thought.
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But the thing that excites me about when we get there is the idea of doing it bottom-up rather than top-down.
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Around the world, countries are legalizing marijuana at the federal level, using a top down approach versus our state-by-state bottom up.
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This thorough, bottom-up process has been absolutely necessary to mobilize people and to identify what they want to accomplish through collective bargaining.
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They sift through shareholding structures to work out who really controls them, a bottom-up approach to research that is rare in China.
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GitHub is the rare instance of a successful "bottom-up" start-up, where individual users popularized the product before it penetrated into businesses.
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" Lasting peace, Mr. Obama said, would depend on not only defeating the Taliban but helping "Afghans grow their economy from the bottom up.
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It was a bold move by a President who relishes that power rather than a bottom-up policy process typical in most administrations.
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The cost of Trump's gamble The electoral future is less certain for this marriage of top-down economics and bottom-up cultural affinity.
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Mr. Bakoyiannis described the hotel shelter as "completely a bottom up project," a jab at the central government and Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras.
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The typical way that happens is bottom up: for a politician to support down-ballot candidates who agree with him in intraparty disputes.
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If Congress worked in a more bottom-up, committee-oriented fashion, it might not matter so much which side had the majority anymore.
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" Mr. Carranza characterized the plan as "a top-down, bottom-up approach," with the city "empowering communities where the hard conversations will happen.
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Federal and state responses to coronavirus are becoming more organized, but the magnitude of this crisis requires massively sustained bottom-up efforts too.
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" Win Murray, portfolio manager at Oakmark, said the sell-off may be overdone in the long run: "We are bottom-up value investors.
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It was a bottom-up movement that gave LBJ a window to do big things in the face of entrenched and formidable adversaries.
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PCM closely monitors each stock risk individually, in line with the fund's bottom-up, long-term investment approach and given its concentrated holdings.
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Frem instructed the Central Audit Bureau to his parliamentary committee, officially requesting a bottom-up audit of all 2628 governmental departments and directorates.
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Bottom-up knowledge is the kind of raw information we get directly from our senses, like patterns of light falling on our retina.
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Deep learning is very good at bottom-up knowledge, like discerning which patterns of pixels correspond to golden retrievers as opposed to Labradors.
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Because a lot say the immigration stuff has come from the bottom up, versus the CEOs who naturally are in a crouch position.
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Yes, these were great minds, working with the backing of a superpower, but they were very much building everything from the bottom up.
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The rapid increase in sea levels stems from warm ocean water melting the Antarctic ice sheets from the bottom up, the study said.
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Zoë Saldana says her 2-year-old twins are starting to develop their own sense of style — and they're starting from the bottom, up!
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Both the top-down bottom-up shade and privacy film options are great, but it's not going to be equivalent to completely open windows.
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That then went from one facility to another, Chan said, and then the bottom-up approach that's often worked with other startups kicked in.
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"Both from a bottom-up and top-down perspective, equity market valuations appear far too ambitious," analysts at Morgan Stanley wrote in a note.
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Now, in search of efficiencies and realising its approach to IT is floundering, the government is trying to allow a more bottom-up approach.
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Instead, the question is how to create the conditions for bottom-up, market incentives to enable our best-and-brightest to innovate and compete.
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" Green went on to say, "Food in Ireland is really coming along now in leaps and bounds, and it's coming from the bottom up.
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This means objects can be printed without supports because it doesn't print from the bottom up like normal FDM systems but from the edge.
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That's its DNA, and why federal investigations take so long; they work step-by-step, from the bottom up, to dismantle the whole enterprise.
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To see people do this from the grassroots, from the bottom up because it's not forced by the government -- it's heartwarming to be here.
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But it's difficult to see how the barriers to a national grid are going to be overcome without a bottom-up, organized political push.
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They feared concentrations of power that would lead to "quick" or "easy" answers to complex and contested issues, whether bottom up or top down.
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For the uninitiated, 23D printing works by creating an entire object via thousands of tiny little slices, from the bottom-up, slice by slice.
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Second, given how closely a state legislator's fate is tied to top of the ticket, it makes sense to build a bottom-up approach.
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And the bottom-up version — the regional and domestic instability set in motion by abrupt American policy changes — would be much harder to handle.
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One thing is true — corruption is rarely ousted from the top down, it is a cultural shift that must occur from the bottom up.
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A critical question for scientists, especially when global policy lags, is 'how can new ideas and new entrants drive change from the bottom up?
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Whereas that response generally comes from the bottom up, at long last, a world-famous department store is waging war on anti-woman fashion.
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Our respective cheating systems are just like our economic structures: America is bottom-up and decentralized, Russia is top-down and command-and-control.
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Hong Kong: The final stop offered a bottom-up lens into investment "on the ground," with fund managers who buy and sell individual securities.
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The bottom-up nature of the process means that reforms may proceed relatively slowly, but the end result is likely to be more sustainable.
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Change from the bottom up Altigreen, founded in 221, started out retrofitting diesel and petrol cars with electric motors to convert them to hybrids.
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Most people who are bottom-up [in their brain processing] are putting together the pieces and are in a rush to put it together.
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Fixing these problems requires a wholesale, bottom-up reevaluation, a holistic project that basically no Democrats in recent memory have decided to take on.
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It wasn't just top-down measures that successfully slowed the infections in Wuhan, it was also bottom-up, dynamic organizing in emergent, hyperlocal groups.
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Members of its MileagePlus program can climb up the four-tiered status ladder from Silver, at the bottom, up to 1003K at the top.
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"People rise from the bottom up rather than they are chosen from the top down, so to speak, by traditional media organizations," he said.
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Date: To me, the style of management I aim for as much as possible is a combination of both bottom-up and top-down.
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That's why I came to believe in bottom-up bipartisanship -- centered on addressing the pain of the people at the bottom in both parties.
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You need this lingua franca so that the memes don't have to come from the top down, they can come from the bottom up.
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We must, as activists Teddy Cruz and Fonna Forman argued during their talk, approach activism as a bottom-up rather than a top-down process.
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But it also typifies the wide variety of experiments with bottom-up organizing happening spontaneously across the country, often under the radar of the media.
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Ms Wainwright explained that Momentum is more like an organism than a machine: it grows from the bottom up and constantly evolves in new directions.
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"In many cases, our bottom up research has uncovered opportunities in which the fundamentals are holding up much better than Wall Street's perception," Hodges said.
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" It added that "our bottom-up film forecast suggests industry box office growth for the next three quarters, which we believe should bolster investor sentiment.
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Valade's Sunrise pedigree and plan to follow Dropbox's bottom-up freemium strategy by launching premium subscription and enterprise features has already attracted investors to Jumbo.
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Instead, the discussions have largely focused on the kind of bottom-up, market-oriented solutions that the self-described democratic socialist dismisses as too conservative.
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Instead, the climate talks at CERAWeek have largely focused on the kind of bottom-up, market-oriented solutions that Ocasio-Cortez dismisses as too conservative.
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The trends in language mirror broader tensions between centralising, top-down forces trying to prevent dissent, and bottom-up trends among an increasingly empowered populace.
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But top-down efforts to rationalise coal consumption in power plants and steel mills—however inadequate—are being complemented by pressure from the bottom up.
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The idea is to bring together the idealism and bottom-up approach of the Dutch anarchists and the technological advances of the Chinese mega-firms.
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"Listen, Kevin's a great guy and he's doing a hell of a job, but, listen, Paul Ryan is not a 'bottom up' guy," Amodei said.
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Settlement and agriculture in fertile bottomlands contributed further silt, plus an unwelcome gout of fertilizers and pesticides that poisoned river ecosystems from the bottom up.
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"What this campaign is profoundly about is that real change never occurs from the top on down — it's from the bottom up," Mr. Sanders said.
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Bruguera and Weiwei went back and forth with each other, discussing whether change has to come from the top down, or from the bottom-up.
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"With increased market volatility in the last 12 months ... our high quality, bottom-up approach came under pressure in the two hedge funds," Brown said.
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Nothing changes from the top down, it always changes from the bottom up, and the same will be true with finding and cultivating new leaders.
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America is now proletarianizing its bourgeoisie, and this process is likely to culminate in bottom-up revolt, of the sort [Pat] Buchanan hopes to foment.
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I want this to be bottom-up, not top-down, and I think that's an issue with how a lot of members feel right now.
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Andrew M. Cuomo as a bottom-up model of shaping economic growth, calls for councils representing 210 regions around the state to compete for funding.
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We do need to exercise some -- and accumulate enough bottom-up data from countries, and, source more information from the experts, from the health community.
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"French film, Korean TV and Japanese anime are all creative products that are the result of a creative environment and bottom-up processes," he says.
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While Mr. Pruett says he is a bottom-up stock picker, his portfolio can be buffeted by the political and economic vagaries of volatile regions.
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"I have looked at the upper end of achievement; they have gone bottom-up, and found similar results" applying to an entire profession, he said.
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Their unifying totem used to be a passionate rejection of rules imposed by anyone — business, government, over-sized actors — in favour of bottom-up conventions.
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Since assuming the Speaker's gavel in October, Ryan has advocated for a "bottom-up" approach, leaving top decisions to committee chairmen whenever possible, Buck said.
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The EU's two heavyweights said citizens would need to be closely involved in the reflection on Europe's future through a "bottom-up process" of consultations.
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The EU's two heavyweights said citizens would need to be closely involved in the reflection on Europe's future through a "bottom-up process" of consultations.
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To get computers to think like humans, we need a new A.I. paradigm, one that places "top down" and "bottom up" knowledge on equal footing.
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Traditionally, the base of left politics has been labor unions and mass worker organizing, who then agitate for what they want from the bottom up.
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Along with the company's long standing desire to developa complete bottom, up product experience in-house, doing so would greatly lessen its reliance on other companies.
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Founded in Syria in October 2011, during the first year of the civil war, the Revolutionary Left Current believes in bottom-up, socialist revolt against capitalism.
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This kind of bottom-up approach typically finds greater mitigation potential than the typical top-down integrated assessment models (IAMs) usually used to calculate these things.
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The study reveals that even after the massive rally in the market, a group of Dow members is still undervalued, according to analysts' bottom-up projections.
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SmartNews is somewhat distinctive in that sea of competition, in that the company has built all of its algorithms for sorting news from the bottom up.
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If they accepted a more bottom-up, committee-driven process, in which bills really did go through largely independent committees, they'd lose control of the process.
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What you have is the conflict of cultures to some extent between this bottom up type of system and this more top down type of system.
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"While growth has not been robust in absolute terms, current bottom-up expectations are low," equity strategist Adam Parker wrote in a note to clients Tuesday.
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"When we look at the risk arising from U.S. protectionism and trade in-fighting, we adopt a bottom-up approach in identifying potential victims," she said.
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He evidently believed it would be easier to build a new society from the bottom up than to fix the problems with the American political system.
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And if we're engaged in a long-term restoration process, then a 50 state plan makes sense: Let's rebuild from the bottom up, and build everywhere.
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"When it comes to public lands, we want transparency, we want sunshine, we want a bottom-up approach when it comes to land management," Cantwell said.
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By simply inverting and laying bare the usual process — working bottom up instead of top down — "Idol" presented a genuine alternative to familiar music business practices.
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Fourth, the END Wildlife Trafficking Act suggests a bottom-up approach to technology and innovation, smartly recognizing the technological pitfalls of attempting too much too soon.
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Its central philosophy is that people should govern themselves from the bottom up, and so as much decision making as possible is left to local assemblies.
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But he rejected the notion that there's a strategy divide between the two GOP leaders, vowing a "bottom-up" process that all Republicans can unite behind.
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Hossein and his comrades knew of no model for such a bottom-up government, but they understood that whoever ran Saraqib would need strong public support.
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Why he likes tech so much is he's very taken with the idea of new tools to help create change and help create bottom-up movements.
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These findings point to an important facet of Ukraine's path to democracy: It is being driven from the bottom-up, rather than from the top-down.
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At the same time, it aims to upend the traditional power dynamic with a bottom-up model in which parents, rather than institutions, take the lead.
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Waves of bankruptcies could devastate the financial system from the bottom up, rather than the financial crisis trickling down the way it did 12 years ago.
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"The way we manage the fund, I think is quite different from most of our competitors in the sense we are really bottom-up," Ribiero said.
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"The big difference is for them it's a top down approach and for us it was always a bottom up approach," said Ms. Karnekull, an architect.
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They are not waiting for Washington or their state governments, but are acting in their own local collective self-interest, nurturing adaptation from the bottom up.
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With all its imperfections, the Kurdish experiment sought to create a society built on gender equality, bottom-up organization, participatory deliberation, ecological principles and peoples' reconciliation.
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Recently, I saw my daughter roll down the sides of the bag, then push the bottom up, and it made a bowl out of the bag!
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This triggered popular, authentic, bottom-up democracy movements in Lebanon and Iraq that involved Sunnis and Shiites locking arms together to demand noncorrupt, nonsectarian democratic governance.
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Wall Street's disdain for the bottom-up populist campaigns of Senators Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and Bernie Sanders of Vermont has gotten a lot of attention.
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Those bottom-up victories stand in stark contrast to today's top-down operation of unions that are now denying their own members the right to vote.
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"A video game designer argues that intelligent systems can be created from the bottom up if one devises a set of primitive building blocks," Stone writes.
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Our take: It would take an enormous amount of bottom-up support from states and cities for a proposal like this to gain traction in Washington.
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We sort of muddled our way into making a systemic stealth-ish game, but it was always a very bottom-up approach—the goose came first.
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"There are better ways of helping American workers and families than relying on greed ... Instead of trickle down, let's work from the bottom up!" he wrote.
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An apparel company might have a woman CEO, but it still needs to evaluate its supply chain and how women are treated from the bottom up.
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"The American Idea Foundation will demonstrate that it is the bottom-up dynamism of individuals and communities that truly makes America a land of prosperity," he added.
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Based on the difference between the bottom-up target price and the current trading level, Nektar is set to have 110% upside in the next 12 months.
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Yet the nature of the work is in a way fundamentally progressive, in that it is about bottom-up accessibility and helping under-represented or unprivileged groups.
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A couple of years later I was back in L.A. and dancing for Jessica Simpson while I built my career as a hairstylist from the bottom, up.
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She talked inspiringly about her vision for growing America's economy from the middle-out and the bottom-up, as opposed to Trump's top-down trickled down economics.
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He also said the plan will focus on a "bottom-up" approach for improving the lives of Palestinians and solving the core political issues of the conflict.
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Hiring people in France, investing in France and "training" people about Google's services is a great way to lobby the French government using a bottom-up approach.
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Foxconn's accounts are checked from the bottom up, unlike Japanese companies which tend to have top down financial management that may involve fulfilling profit targets, Gou said.
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Bottom-up methods involve measuring emissions near the source (a gas well, landfill, even a cow's gut) and extrapolating from those to estimate emissions at broader scales.
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The Fusion movement represented the real populism — a bi-racial politics of progressivism from the bottom up that sought government support to create a more equal America.
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We need moral movements led from the bottom up—from the states, not the top down—because a lot of the problems are in the state legislatures.
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History's most enduring lesson is that change happens from the bottom up, pushing institutions, organizations and yes, even presidents to catch up with social movements demanding justice.
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All this time, I've been passing as male, and we've been working at it from the bottom up, which I guess is what everybody does these days.
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This points to a hard truth for Labour moderates: the party's metamorphosis is as much a bottom-up swell of enthusiasm as a takeover at the top.
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Greenberg's team follows a mostly bottom-up approach to picking firms that are long-term compounders, meaning their returns are more than the fund's cost of capital.
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Prior regulatory restraints on innovative activities stifle the sort of creative, organic, bottom-up solutions that will be needed to solve problems that may be unforeseeable today.
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But if the top of the auction market for contemporary art looks as if it might have peaked, maybe demand can be reinvigorated from the bottom up.
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The vagueness of that idea — essentially that a bottom-up Islamic religious revival will unlock social progress — has opened it to many interpretations followed by disparate groups.
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In Iran, there's a move from bottom up by many youth to get past 1979, but regime hard-liners want to crush them from the top down.
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In "Spiral," Laurie Fairrie — a documentarian who has worked in broadcast journalism — takes a bottom-up approach to investigating the rise of anti-Semitic incidents across Europe.
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Even under President Xi Jinping, the government is sensitive and somewhat responsive to bottom-up pressure from the people — their need to know, their calls for accountability.
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Bespoke used a bottom-up approach to make the report, compiling projections by analysts who cover companies and sectors and tend to do fundamental analysis on stocks.
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Some regional top-down methane leak rate estimates have been as high as 8 percent while some bottom-up estimates have been as low as 1 percent.
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They are faced with either paying a ransom or taking on the time-consuming — and possibly costlier — task of rebuilding the stolen systems from the bottom up.
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While what jeans you choose to wear might normally be determined by the rest of your outfit, why not get dressed from the bottom up for a change?
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"It's basically a top-down versus a bottom-up type of approach," said Dalio, whose China unit of Bridgewater last month launched its first onshore Chinese investment fund.
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Because open-source software is free and easy to use, it can spread virally through organizations, from the bottom up, in ways that old-style, proprietary software cannot.
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It's cool they want to implement the "Rooney Rule" for staffers, but maybe they should encourage diversity in their ranks by offering opportunities from the bottom up, i.e.
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It also has some things going for it: young, clever leaders who look good on television and a bottom-up organisation suited to an age of direct democracy.
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Aberdeen's overweight position on Southeast Asia "reflects more of a bottom-up view on the world rather than a reflection of the top-down macro environment," Thom said.
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In a nutshell, it is accelerating the evolution from a centralized, top-down, long-distance, one-way energy system to a more decentralized, bottom-up, local, networked system.
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These are different from traditional brands in that they are driven from the bottom-up by the actions of users rather than the diktats of auteur creative directors.
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KEY RATING DRIVERS The ratings reflect the following rating drivers: Fitch rates EHL according to its Public Sector Revenue Supported Debt Criteria and applies a bottom-up approach.
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Whereas minimalism often claimed to offer ahistorical universal forms, Dean begins with the specific and lets the material shape the work, bottom up, as opposed to top down.
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I spent several years working in the music industry, witnessing first hand the distress it could inflict on its own kind from the bottom up to the top.
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Luckily, Seesaw's Dropbox-style bottom-up distribution strategy gives the product away to teachers until a school feels like they might as well bake Seesaw into their systems.
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Differences between the top-down model and the bottom-up sensory information allow the brain to figure out what it's experiencing, and to tweak its internal models accordingly.
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"History shows that when the S&P 500 regained trend (both Bottom Up and Top Down) after exiting deep oversold conditions, equity markets experienced continued upside," O'Hara added.
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Bernie Sanders has sought greater bottom up democracy in the Democratic Party's primary system because he feels the superdelegate structure should never override the will of primary voters.
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He says he doesn't want to create a series from the bottom up, which would involve things like designing cars, securing venues and sponsors, and inking content deals.
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Another major factor that's throwing underwater life into crisis is ocean acidification (OA), a phenomenon produced by carbon emissions that affects the food chain from the bottom up.
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Research reflects a mixed approach of top-down macro inputs combined with bottom-up fundamental and technical analysis, conducted from both equity and credit standpoints by dedicated analysts.
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These two contradictory dynamics—old-style, top-down political pressure alongside some bottom-up legal empowerment—are part of the party's carrot-and-stick approach to maintaining stability.
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In other words, every Department has developed a "bottom up" plan of what the impact of Brexit could be - and its plan to cope with the "worst case".
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Tinker Hatfield's design was mindblowing, an entirely backwards approach to the design of a shoe, building it from the bottom up and presenting it from the inside out.
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So-called bottom-up grassroots peace initiatives need to be pursued as well as peace talks at the top level, said a Juba-based expert on conflict monitoring.
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Pangala's "bottom-up" findings were confirmed by "top-down" measurements from aircraft flown by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and others across the same areas.
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We think it's really important to do that because it's the bottom-up view of history as opposed to the top-down upper-echelon fancy art looking down.
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Perhaps, knowing what we know now, we could re-engineer it from the bottom up, so it not only safeguards privacy but also functions faster and more efficiently.
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" "I think that we're in the middle of a movement in this country -- I feel this movement -- but that movement is going to happen from the bottom up.
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"The president needs to understand that decisions have to come from the bottom up, the French people do not like it when it is top down," he said.
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By the 1960s, a powerful alliance of unions and civil rights organizations reshaped the Democratic Party, from the bottom up, and made racial liberalism a core party commitment.
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It's a movement to transform our Los Angeles public schools—The Partnership for Los Angeles Schools—working within the system from the inside out and the bottom up.
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"As we've learned so well in the armed services and all the work done it takes both a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach," Tsongas said.
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"She's expanding her coalition, and that's a credit to her strategy and messaging and the bottom-up campaign she's built to this point," said Democratic strategist Antjuan Seawright.
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Biotechnology companies make such molecules all the time, to be sure, but they start from the bottom up, borrowing nature's machinery to build their wares atom by atom.
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Years after her death, the writer Doreen Gamboa Fernandez is gaining a following among Filipino-American chefs for the way she explored the cuisine from the bottom up.
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Years after her death, the writer Doreen Gamboa Fernandez is gaining a following among Filipino-American chefs for the way she explored the cuisine from the bottom up.
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When Daydream arrived, people in the industry remarked on how it revealed Google's strategy to double down on mobile — choosing a more bottom-up approach to the unproven field.
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COLI's rating includes a one-notch uplift from its standalone rating of 'BBB+', in line with Fitch's bottom-up approach detailed in its Parent and Subsidiary Rating Linkage criteria.
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But other moves are happening from the bottom up, as people working inside scientific agencies try to protect their programs from funding cuts and from their new ideological leaders.
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"A bottom-up analysis of CPI components suggests that the implementation of GST would not be inflationary if the standard rate were to be 18 percent," said Goldman Sachs.
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" It should be a "bottom-up phenomenon" and, with an elected parliament, "to the extent that religion is represented in society, then it is also represented in the state.
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He told Mashable Australia the use of the platform by groups of family and friends came as a surprise, but fits well with Slack's record of bottom-up growth.
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The official tally, taking what 's known as a "bottom-up" approach, calculates methane emissions based on expected leak rates at oil and gas well sites, not actual measurements.
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Active sector rotation, bottom-up security selection and interest rate (duration) management can create opportunities for investors to add value that are simply not available in passively managed strategies.
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Learnerbly takes a bottom-up approach, allowing employees to learn however they choose — whether it's by reading a book or article, attending a course or watching a TED talk.
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Once an AI can learn, regardless of what it learns, it can develop a subjective understanding of the world from the bottom up, rather than from the top down.
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Now he is president, they and industry bosses have changed tack, pledging support for the popular new leader and his plans to revive the economy from the bottom up.
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That conviction, as Cathie Wood, CEO of ARK Invest, puts it, centers on "deep research" — both bottom up and top down — that go into choosing securities for the portfolio.
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In many organizations, cloud-based tools like Slack enter from the "bottom up," meaning that normal employees start using them for work productivity without drawing IT into the loop.
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Now, think if he could change this country's politics from the bottom up by motivating his disappointed (often young) supporters to run for local, city, state and national office.
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Rather than anointing a leader only to find that leader out of step with the electorate, the Democrats will have to go through more of a bottom-up process.
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"So we can build from the bottom up a plan that can hopefully get enough support that we can get it passed," Cornyn said when asked about the meeting.
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The right way to unite America is to reinvigorate our common bond based on shared democratic experiences and ideals and rebuild faith in American democracy from the bottom up.
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"A complete cleanup of sensitive content can impair the regime's ability to learn from bottom up information and to address social problems before they become threatening," says the report.
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"Macron himself uses Anglophone slogans!" said Didier VanStaevel, replying on Twitter to Riester, while others pointed to Macron having referred once to democracy as being a "bottom-up" system.
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And, not least because real neurons were arranged in columns of apparently hierarchical layers, he had to find a way of working top-down as well as bottom-up.
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STEINEM We wanted to talk about organizing, because the truism that movements grow from the bottom up, like a tree, and not from the top down, is still neglected.
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"Combined, these aspects … served as important bottom-up processes that reframed the mature independent bookselling industry as a legitimate and distinct form of brick-and-mortar bookselling," Raffaelli wrote.
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But here's the problem: The decentralized, "regular order" Congress that thrived from the 1960s through the late 1980s was still bottom-up because the parties were loose overlapping coalitions.
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Cindy Hinant's Upskirt series (2016) utilizes existing paparazzi images of Hollywood celebrities who have been invasively photographed from the bottom up, illustrating the ever-scopophilic tendencies of the camera.
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Questions about representation for ethnic minority groups or communities of interest are taken care of exactly the way they should be — from the bottom up by voters and parties.
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"I think we really need to have a sense of urgency — from the top down and the bottom up — to encourage families to resume a healthy birthrate," she added.
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A bottom-up approach to political change that focuses on the local stuff or the local institutions, like churches or gun clubs, is just more common on the right.
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"If you brought the bottom up, it would be a better world," said Richard Florida, a professor at the University of Toronto who has written extensively about these trends.
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This time, however, we are speaking of a bottom-up trend, coming from society, from people fed up with all the ugly things done in the name of religion.
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He employs a combination of top-down and bottom-up research when it comes to stock selection, with the latter holding a larger weight in the decision-making process.
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THAT'S GONNA BE LEFT UP TO THE WAYS AND MEANS AND THE FINANCE COMMITTEE AND THE MEMBERS OF CONGRESS, AS PART OF THE BOTTOM UP PROCESS THAT WE HAVE.
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But it's true that being aware of the importance of synergy between top down and bottom up is not just some tactic that some political consultant told her about.
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Federal air pollution standards that led to the widespread adoption of the catalytic converter and reduced some automotive emissions by 99 percent worked through force, not bottom-up consensus.
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No, if a sand-based basketball variant is EVER going to get traction, it's going to have to come from the bottom up, and it must start with us.
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The submerged society in Eurosi, Chelsea Sabella's conlang for Dr. Sams's class, writes in letters shaped like hooks and bubbles, and from bottom up because, under water, things rise. 3.
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SAIRA MALIK: Well, we have this team of seasoned equity research analysts and portfolio managers, and we're building bottom up portfolios, and really looking for similar characteristics across the board.
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"It is a market where people are more comfortable buying into a bottom-up approach, buying into the mid-cap counter," said Deven Choksey, managing director at KR Choksey Securities.
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For the sculpture, participants are instructed to stick their heads through the hole, which necessitates kneeling down with your torso over the seat and your bottom up in the air.
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That can be tough to do, so top-down efforts, as well as bottom-up ones, are really important, and I hope we'll see more of it in the future.
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His changes amount to a youth revolution directed from the top down, by a prince in his palace, rather than from the bottom up, by angry demonstrators on the streets.
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"What policymakers are trying to achieve is to make sure that investors are looking at credit research from a bottom-up perspective rather than a top-down perspective," he said.
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Dropbox similarly came at the enterprise with a casual, youthful bottom-up approach, but had trouble convincing traditional, conservative corporations that it was professional and secure enough to fit them.
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As such, we have increased the uplift from Tewoo's standalone 'BB' rating to three notches from two notches using a bottom-up approach under our Parent Subsidiary Rating Linkage Criteria.
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And now we are in 2016 and I think what you're starting to see is the innovation is really coming at the city level and it's kind of bottom-up.
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Healthy conservation must take a bottom up approach working with ranchers, conservationists and state and local governments; it must recognize success by delisting species when recovery goals have been met.
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He also engaged in a vigorous propaganda campaign to get donations, portraying the relief as a "bottom-up" effort on the part of ordinary people while quietly seeking government support.
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Derrick Feldmann, the lead researcher behind the Millennial Impact Project, which studies the giving patterns of millennials, said those preferences were beginning to reshape charitable organizations from the bottom up.
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Asked about the competitive landscape, Hubtype names Accel-backed Rasa as an "AI centric" bot-builder framework rival with a similar "bottom up" focus on marshalling developers to build adoption.
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"My trajectory has been from the bottom up," the 2121-year-old artist said last month, sitting in his well-appointed Williamsburg studio, one of two he operates in Brooklyn.
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Trying to impose top-down changes, instead of counting on the continued diversification of the organization's membership creating changes from the bottom up, feels desperate and covered in flop sweat.
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That, she said, would see the American-led coalition abandon its efforts to impose a centralized state and instead allow Afghans to build their own state from the bottom-up.
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As bottom-up pressure to work with the far right grows, some national leaders, short of forming coalitions with it, have echoed its language or edged closer to its positions.
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It's cities and regions rising together to leverage their unique assets from the bottom up — living side by side with distressed and lost communities where the bottom has fallen out.
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What makes Ellison exceptional, though, is that among all the candidates for DNC chair, he most strongly believes in a bottom-up approach to political organizing, fundraising, recruitment and campaigning.
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" Politics, he added, isn't about "celebrating the high and the mighty and expecting that the country unfolds from the top down, but rather that it comes from the bottom up.
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The action reflected a one-notch uplift from its standalone rating of 'BBB+', in line with Fitch's bottom-up approach as detailed in the agency's Parent and Subsidiary Linkage Criteria.
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" The kind of dedication enjoyed by the likes of Birkenstock isn't something that can be created by a marketing team, says Portwood-Stacer: "This stuff comes from the bottom up.
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He got to see America from the bottom up and the top down, and he got to see it through the eyes of an aristocrat that knew aristocracy was finished.
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Democrats won the House by doubling down on their diversity and following the lead of their grassroots, employing a pragmatic bottom-up strategy that took advantage of the party's vibrant base.
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The Haitian people deserve a deep democracy and moral and ethical commitment to rebuilding Haiti from the bottom up, with its architects being ordinary citizens who know the terrain the best.
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He believes changing the culture from the bottom up comes down to youth development, which means showing youngsters who take an interest in ice hockey that it's a viable career option.
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If Trump wants to be both really bold and to answer to his own base of loyal supporters, he could try something new -- he could cut taxes from the bottom up.
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Other poor UI decisions include listing directions from the bottom up, so my next direction populated the bottom of a list as opposed to the top, which again, makes no sense.
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The easiest way to think about disaster recovery, after I talked to some experts today, is that the resources come from the top down but are administered from the bottom up.
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So that's why sometimes things don't happen naturally at speed from my vantage point, but they have to start to be informed and addressed, again, in a more bottom-up context.
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"Bottom up" means that you don't spend money on sales and marketing, instead relying on word-of-mouth through social channels and free PR to build an initial base of customers.
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Fitch takes a bottom-up approach to rating Dutch mental healthcare institutions and assesses their credit fundamentals on a standalone basis, using the Rating Criteria for Public Sector Revenue-Supported Debt.
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However, he notes that a bottom-up analysis of listed shale-producers suggests their production is only growing at about 5% a year, which is not enough to fill the gap.
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Meanwhile, the superficial frontal eye fields and lateral intraparietal area send raw sensory input to the deeper areas in the prefrontal cortex, in the form of bottom-up or feedforward signals.
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But as I grow older and consider my relationship with my biological mother, someone who's also growing older, I'm in a better position to look at things from the bottom up.
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Without pushing for a feminism that was based firmly within a full-throated bottom-up agenda, it was doubtful that Clinton was ever going to create a meaningful coalition of women.
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The program will draw on Obama's own heritage as a grassroots organizer who built a campaign from the bottom up and eventually created a political movement with his 2008 election victory.
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"Where there are existing ideation initiatives in place, such as intranets, suggestion boxes or annual staff surveys, these tend to be siloed and prevent collaborative, transparent and bottom-up innovation unfolding".
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For most of the last century, until the 85033s, leaders in business and government fairly commonly understood that national prosperity depends on a vibrant middle class growing from the bottom up.
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Under Fitch's Parent and Subsidiary Rating Criteria, we assess that the ties between the stronger parent and Indosat Ooredoo are moderate and therefore rate the subsidiary on a bottom-up basis.
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There's no need for support structures underneath overhangs, so certain shapes that were impractical or impossible when printing from the bottom up or top down are straightforward to create this way.
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That means we have to create systems bottom-up, starting with those values, rather than trying to work backward from what we might have inherited from some cypherpunks from the 1990s.
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"The good news around Trump's announcement to withdraw is that it has galvanized a groundswell of bottom-up support from all corners of the U.S. economy," Firger told The Associated Press.
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"Investors largely want quality businesses with strong growth," said Kabir Goyal, senior portfolio manager at Brown Capital Management in Baltimore, an active bottom-up investor that focuses on analysing individual companies.
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With three looks to construct from the bottom up, the workroom's sea level rose fast, and there was simply no time to tread in the conflama that waterlogged last week's episode.
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Instead of replacing grassroots advocates or letting the federal government tell our communities what recovery is, people who have real experiences with mental health care will lead from the bottom up.
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"This is not something that's been thought out by the government—'We're going to be a cashless society'—but, rather, a development from the bottom up, so to speak," he said.
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"'Crack in the System': A Bottom-Up Analysis of the Anarcho-Punk movement in Mexico" goes beyond the typical scene report, quoting interviewees extensively while providing political context for their views.
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But the complexity of conditions in China, the varied treatment meted out to different groups, and the need for both top-down and bottom-up pressures call for a multipronged strategy.
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That's a fairly traditional sales strategy for large enterprise companies, while newer upstarts tend to sell to departmental heads or try to spur bottom-up adoption from users or software developers.
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In this case, we have public scientists developing a crop to serve the poor, and a crop that fits into diversified farm systems and would be controlled, bottom up, by farmers.
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The display put two disparate views of the urban phenomenon into conflict: the city from above (gentrification and top-down development) and the city from below (social resistance and bottom-up response).
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As a side note, it is interesting to compare this six-sector focus to Paul Hawken's Drawdown project, which takes a similar bottom-up approach but ranks a broader set of solutions.
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The absence of top-down and decisive policy and budget guidance from "mahogany row" creates a vacuum that the bureaucracy rushes to fill from the bottom up, producing lowest common denominator outcomes.
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Their attempt to improve on the design takes the controversial step of essentially installing a stovepipe inside the vessel and heating it from the inside out rather than from the bottom up.
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But he also believes in the need for what he calls "compassionate capitalism," which includes wealthy people like him sacrificing some of their wealth to help "bring the bottom up," he says.
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Goldman's S&P 500 top-down forecasts (which look at the overall market) for sales, margin, and EPS forecasts are below bottom-up consensus (which looks at the individual companies), it said.
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According to FactSet, the first-quarter bottom-up earnings per share estimate has dropped by 4.1 percent during January, which is a larger decline than the 5-, 10- and 15-year averages.
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When these bottom-up pressures mesh with uneven international trends, of which the falling oil price is but one, these regimes improvise, often making things worse in the medium- to long-term.
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"We could get melting from the top down, and the bottom up," Martin Sharp, who researches glacier-climate interactions in the Canadian Arctic at the University of Alberta, said in an interview.
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By comparison, the Trump campaign is almost a guerilla operation, marked by a bottom-up groundswell from average voters who are rejecting the top-down, consultant-driven approach of the establishment Democrat.
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As a 1968 presidential candidate, he began to understand American history and politics from the bottom up, and saw America's potential to provide freedom and opportunity for all of the nation's disadvantaged.
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Democrats learned that grass-roots mobilization matters When many Americans are cynical about the impact of average people, the midterms offered a template for how electoral success comes from the bottom up.
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The very concept of superdelegates goes against the party's federalist, bottom-up approach to politics, but after this cycle, traditional Republicans could be "very excited about the concept of superdelegates," he said.
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"What I want to say to my contemporaries is, as Bernie says, in the '50s and '60s, real democracy was really working from the bottom up, like it's supposed to," he added.
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Complicating the equation for Ryan, the Wisconsin Republican had accepted the Speaker's gavel last year with vows to adopt a bottom-up approach that would empower the committees and lower-ranking members.
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He's taken a successful path through the ranks of various NGO circles, and is bridging the divide between top-down, insular UN culture and a bottom-up, people-driven approach with #MeWeSyria.
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They want to believe that any grassroots bottom-up mass movement has to end in violence, and that the guy in charge—and it's always a guy in charge—is a sociopath.
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Exploring a distant moon usually means trundling around its uniquely inhospitable surface, but on icy ocean moons like Saturn's Enceladus, it might be better to come at things from the bottom up.
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Because the living room is at street level and has a lovely stained-glass window, she installed top-down, bottom-up shades that allow for privacy without covering up the stained glass.
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But Ms. Baker was not always in agreement with Dr. King or the other ministers who made up the S.C.L.C.: She believed in bottom-up grass-roots organizing, not top-down autocracy.
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As more startups look to approach enterprise from a bottom-up capacity and focus on creating individual use cases, quickly meeting IT administrators' expectations can become a shortcut to higher-margin customers.
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Emissions goals offered by nations would need to be voluntary and "bottom up" — that is, not dictated by the United Nations but rather devised domestically so they could be enforceable at home.
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We need to transform these local stories into a coherent national story and a bottom-up coalition, which will look a lot like a 21st-century descendant of the 19th-century Whigs.
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With the square closed to automobile traffic, the local community board nurtured an open-source and bottom-up redesign into a park, enlisting neighborhood designers coordinated by the polymathic playwright Robert Nichols.
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By contrast, the new research is a bottom-up analysis that compiles information on data center processors, storage, software, networking and cooling from a range of sources to estimate actual electricity use.
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Collaboration across the team is key at Investment Counselors of Maryland, which leverages a bottom-up approach, focusing on companies that have attractive valuations, strong balance sheets and generate consistent cash flow.
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But that sequence may eliminate advice and input from agencies and career NSC officials, a key part of a bottom-up strategy, factoring in lower-level expertise, said one former NSC official.
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Because Afrin, along with the cantons of Euphrates and Jazira, is experimenting with a form of bottom-up, direct democracy that is arguably more progressive than any other system in the West.
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To the neuroscience community, the message was clear: Brain scientists may have plenty of bottom-up data about the brain, but they're far from using that data to understand how the organ works.
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It moves responsibility for DERs into the hands of those closest to them and builds the grid from the bottom up, making every community a partner in the great fight against climate change.
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Dropbox, which has traditionally taken a bottom-up approach beginning with a consumer, has found itself dealing with a comparable to Box — which has more or less always targeted the big whale enterprises.
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From the populist right it needs to learn to look at "progress" from the bottom up—from the perspective of shuttered plants in Manchester and Milwaukee rather than IMF offices or university lounges.
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Tom Perez: It was something that I understood intuitively as a student in the civil rights movement, but then when you live it, you see firsthand: that change happens from the bottom up.
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The threat is dual, we are told: against the companies and the Washington establishment: Why it matters: This bottom-up discontent is nascent, and polls show that big tech retains high public popularity.
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The financial decision to start paying for the product is still made in the executive ranks, but it's invariably driven by bottom-up adoption of the free version by rank-and-file employees.
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Republican presidential candidate John Kasich talked about his experiences on the campaign trail giving hope to those who are struggling, adding that the country works best when it's strong from the bottom up.
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The silicone sleeve, which they're calling a "customizable soft robot," twists and compresses from the bottom up, just like a beating heart does, assisting the normal functions that are weakened during heart failure.
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They try to rely on a bottom-up approach to social restrictions, hoping that the public will respond because it understands the risk, not because sinister enforcers will give them no other choice.
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Until there is a better and broader solution, we encourage others to adopt this bottom-up approach to easing the financial burden of a college education for those who will be tomorrow's citizens.
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The Sanders surge is rooted in core elements of the way that the senator practices his bottom-up politics and realistic fears of what it will take to defeat this president in 2020.
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The firm plans to continue its bottom-up investing process — they meet with more than 500 companies a year — and hope any volatility from the US election can be used in their favor.
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Rather than relying on top-down policy initiatives, community revival has to come from the bottom up, identifying and repairing broken links to thriving national and global economies, and piggybacking on their growth.
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What's needed is a utility invested in the health and resilience of distribution grids, working to build a bottom-up power system to complement (and relieve pressure on) the current top-down system.
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" Liu believed that in the long term a free and democratic China will gradually emerge from the "bottom up," especially through growing self-awareness among the Chinese people and "popular rights-defense movements.
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Then, more than five years ago, the Bloomberg administration took the unusual step of beginning a bottom-up development plan for what had become the largest city-owned site south of 96th Street.
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The stocks in this report are expected to generate an average return of 23 percent and a median gain of 18 percent over the next 12 months, according to Credit Suisse's bottom-up projections.
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Linant both knows more about the Pyramids — besides conducting a detailed study, in some versions he has to explain to the pasha they were constructed from the bottom up — and cares more about them.
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"Later, Stamos wrote that though he had seen efforts by "many executives" to take more seriously mounting criticism of Facebook in a "new landscape," responding effectively would require a "bottom-up change in culture.
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Simply selling one of these on after 18 months and a 60 or even 90 percent return may not fit well with the investment or business model of a bottom-up value-oriented firm.
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What's needed is root-and-branch reform of the way utilities like PG&E operate, a new model that makes them partners in the push for a bottom-up grid focused on local resilience.
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Children's Books Marilyn Singer's ingenious "reverso" poems are child-friendly feats of verbal pyrotechnics: They can be read from the top down or the bottom up, with just small changes of punctuation and capitalization.
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"We thought it would be easier to go bottom up when you are talking about agricultural production and then work from both ends of the supply chain to join it all together," she said.
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If you believe in making change from the bottom up, if you believe the measure of change is how many people's lives are better, you know it's hard and some people think it's boring.
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"Both the bottom-up and top-down communities are trying to understand the sources of methane, but the different methods have different strengths, and we are working on making them more compatible," he said.
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Many of those younger staffers felt that this inside circle was not open to new ideas or bottom-up grassroots organizing, which they viewed as one of the primary reasons Sanders lost to Clinton.
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And that's why we see that it's starting to happen bottom-up, because people want to live in a world that has some kind of respect and etiquette and they're starting to push back.
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Is he going to propose a bottom-up approach of interim steps: economic cooperation, turning over more responsibility to Palestinians in parts of the West Bank, and deepening now fraught Israeli-Palestinian security cooperation?
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If you're not really that committed, as a matter of principle, to a bottom-up theory of change, then you will find it nonsensical to cede some control in order to gain more power.
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But proponents of this strikingly top-down bottom-up strategy think they can get a second bite at the cherry, and that a couple of things can be done to assure success next time.
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"It became a very powerful bottom-up influence that I think factored into the Chinese government's decision to do something -- they're actually taking major strides in China to control air pollution now," said Landrigan.
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He portrays leaders as captives of a simple-minded public and only late in the book considers whether a supposedly bottom-up ideology may reflect top-down manipulation and pandering by politicians and lobbies.
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We think the world's information infrastructure should resemble the social graph — a network built from the bottom up or peer-to-peer, rather than the monolithic, top-down structure that has existed to date.
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With a growing bottom-up movement, educational programs, and government pressure, the Ukrainian election will tell us what lies ahead—and whether Russia plans to step up its interference with new tactics and technologies.
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We leave a lot of room for the bottom-up movement, so if you have personal initiatives that you want to undertake within the Pirate Party, we will offer lots of space for that.
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Republicans still have a more reflexive suspicion of top-down central planning and more belief in the power of markets and bottom-up experimentation to guide decision-making in a dynamic and diverse society.
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The hardware, which needed to be affordable enough to produce hundreds of cameras to weave throughout a forest and be replaceable if poachers find and destroy them, was also built from the bottom up.
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And so I think it's going to change kind of bottom-up and I think it's going to change from things like the Parkland kids who wake up and tell people what they think.
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Even though ISIS emerged after we left, we have now returned at the invitation of Iraqis from the bottom up, not exiles — making our presence much more legitimate and sustainable for any long fight.
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From the bottom-up, not top-downExperts Business Insider spoke to this week said that "hard" top-down government deradicalization tactics like DDP don&apost work, but that "soft" community schemes yield better results.
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Government policy on technology should be approached the American way: through empowering the innovation and ingenuity of American ideas, and allowing them to gain steam from the bottom up, not from the Fed down.
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Both, in their different ways, delivered a kind of bottom-up democratic wisdom — the first through the cumulative experiments of the human past, the second through the contemporary experiments enabled by choice and competition.
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The problem, as he sees it, was largely Carter's attraction to "disreputable genres" like Gothic horror, science fiction and especially the fairy tale, an ancient structure she excavated and rebuilt from the bottom up.
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Sometimes this comes from embracing an unexpected vantage point, as in Howard Zinn's classic "A People's History of the United States," which chronicled American history from the bottom up rather than the top down.
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Fei was typical of many Chinese before and since: an intellectual who loved the bottom-up, can-do character of America and wanted some of it for his own country, with its top-down traditions.
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Since the Arab Spring in 2011, Rojava's predominantly Kurdish population of around 3-4 million has effected a bottom-up transformation of society into a direct democracy, organized into three self-governing, Swiss-style cantons.
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Briefly, most networks are dictated in a top-down fashion — ABC makes almost all the decisions about what your local ABC affiliate will air in most major time slots — but PBS is more bottom-up.
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For the longest time, scientists thought that everything was regulated from the bottom up: greenery provided the food for the first level of animals, and then those animals provided the food for the next level.
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"My dad put me to work right away and actually wanted me to see what it was like to earn a paycheck and be your own boss, to learn from the bottom up," Paul said.
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And until Facebook develops a more uniform interpretation of its own community standards — one the company enforces from the bottom up rather than the top down — it's going to keep taking heat on all sides.
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"But in the south, where there is no tradition of doing things from the bottom up, it shows that you can actually do things with public funding, but without being connected" to politicians or interests.
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Like a stock picker, Fuss leans heavily on the bottom-up research of Loomis Sayles' analysts to ascertain the credit risk embedded in every company under consideration and what executives are doing to reduce it.
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If you believe in making change from the bottom up, if you believe the measure of change is how many lives are bettered, you know it is hard and some people think it is boring.
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But It's clear from the Senate's actions that in order to protect Dreamers the energy is going to have to keep coming from the bottom-up and not naively waiting for a top-down approach.
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Rather than piecemeal improvements over time (or as needed to hit certain quarterly targets), AT&T should undertake a bottom-up review of its cost structure and begin executing against a multi-year improvement plan.
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"I think Nycha learned some lessons from Superstorm Sandy, when things really went bottom up, in terms of trying to do their best to keep in touch with residents who are at risk," he said.
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" While the Democrats have suggested that they will also consider offering assistance to corporations, the relief effort should start "from the bottom up," Schumer told NBC News, "targeted at the people who are most hurt.
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If there's no commercial approach or no commercial strategy where non endemic who come in, broadcast and networks and cable companies can spend to really bring in revenue, then it's just a bottom-up sport.
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That bottom-up activism is a source of hope for those who have watched in despair since last year when Mr. Trump declared he would pull the United States out of the Paris climate accord.
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Instead of engineering it from the bottom up, they fed their requirements to an "inverse design algorithm" that produced the kind of energy pattern they needed from the infrared radiation emitters they wanted to use.
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Corbat says that at a massive company like Citi, which employs over 200,000 people worldwide, it is crucial to have information moving through the company, both from the top down and from the bottom up.
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In his stump speeches, he also called for revitalizing Japan's democracy, framing the election as a choice between top-down politics and bottom-up grassroots democracy and demanding greater transparency and respect for individual rights.
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The right-wing takeover of government and broad swaths of the media did not happen from the bottom up; rather, it was imposed from the top down, by a tiny collection of super-rich people.
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S&P 500 price target: 3,350EPS target: $174Forecast: "Our positioning and bottom-up valuation analysis keep us on guard for a pullback in the months ahead," said Lori Calvasina, the head of US equity strategy.
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That was not enough to deter more than 100 tech workers from showing up for a meeting of a new group, Tech Solidarity, that hopes to tackle some of these issues from the bottom up.
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The same thing is happening on the right: the Brexit Party can draw on dozens of pro-Leave movements that have grown from the bottom up and are driven by genuine anger about the status quo.
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There are roughly two views of how to do this: one top-down, based on authority, prestige, writing and stability; one bottom-up, resting on how most people actually use the language, and open to change.
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In brief, it entrenches chronically low wages in a region and, in the process, undermines the objective of a robust minimum wage, which is to help create the conditions for broad prosperity from the bottom up.
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Fitch uses a "bottom up" approach to rate Dutch hospitals assessing first the credit profile of Dutch hospitals on a standalone basis, factoring in the strong quality of their cash flow, through funding from insurance companies.
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Mr. Kushner described his plan as a "bottom-up" approach that would improve the economic fortunes of the Palestinians, as well as resolving core issues like borders, the political status of Jerusalem and security for Israel.
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"Bottom-up approaches will only get so far, and are in need of a national reconciliation process that will tackle some of the main grievances related to the political system and governance framework," Mr. Gharizi said.
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Curious citizens could develop a more nuanced understanding of what was going on; voters would be better informed; we would ferret out the truth from the bottom up and greater freedom would be the inevitable result.
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Another option: "Bottom-up" curtains, which are opaque near the floor and sheer at the top, to "allow sunlight to enter the apartment while still providing a sense of privacy," suggested Mr. Schleider of Citi Habitats.
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Targeting tax relief to where it is most needed may avert a deficit increase and would be more likely to spur growth from the bottom up rather than hoping and praying for it to trickle down.
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The "CIO View" provides top-down strategic and tactical input to the investment process, communicated via model portfolios that are calibrated to individual fund or mandate objectives by portfolio managers, incorporating research analyst (bottom-up) recommendations.
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What makes HWBM so powerful and fun is that, while there is a bible's worth of a lore and information about this world, you don't experience it from the top down, but from the bottom up.
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When new parties have emerged in the US, such as the Populists and Progressives of the late 19th century, or even the Republican Party in the 1850s, it is from the bottom up, not the top down.
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If WCC continues to operate independently with its own brand and operational and financial management, we would be likely to apply the bottom-up approach of the criteria - with WCC's rating uplifted by one or more notches.
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Former foreign minister Fumio Kishida, a low-key lawmaker seen as a leading contender, edged closer to an outright challenge on Wednesday, unveiling slogans that called for "checks and balances on power" and "bottom-up" decision making.
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On the 500th anniversary of Martin Luther's Reformation, Peter Marshall has written a fine history of a momentous time as seen from the bottom up, drawing on a wide range of primary sources and his evident scholarship.
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"If you believe in making change from the bottom up, if you believe the measure of change is how many people's lives are better, you know it's hard and some people think it's boring," Bill Clinton said.
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You can recreate this by spinning a basketball on your finger, and moving a marker from the bottom up or the top down—notice what the line looks like above and below the middle of the ball.
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Instead, Mann said, the US should send in troops to partner with clans and tribes in areas occupied by extremists in places like Syria and Iraq to empower local people to crush radicalism from the bottom up.
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He says that another thing that has impressed him is the bottom-up growth that the Forward app has garnered, which we both agree is a little reminiscent to how business social network Yammer originally penetrated corporations.
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We need to make a case for bottom-up economics and racial justice .... What we ought to do is not just poll and look at the current preference of Republican voters and adapt our message to that.
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Opposition groups are preparing to field candidates next year for the lowest rung of Cuba's election system — the only one the Communist Party does not fully control — hoping to transform the system gradually from the bottom up.
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Fitch rates LGFVs using a notching approach from the relevant local government, and may widen the notching or switch to a bottom-up rating approach if the policy role of the LGFVs is seen to be diluted.
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"It definitely can't be a top-down [approach], but it also can't be a complete bottom-up," said Dr. Keiji Fukuda, an assistant director-general and the special representative for antimicrobial resistance at the World Health Organization.
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If the Clippers can't "reboot" and instead have to build from the bottom up, Rivers doesn't make a ton of sense as a long-term option anyway (at least not when compared to someone like, say, Walton).
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He argued that there needed to be a push from the bottom up to a certain level of density or membership, at which point unions would rapidly expand as they gain more members and resources to mobilize.
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America is actually a checkerboard of towns and cities — some rising from the bottom up and others collapsing from the top down, ravaged by opioids, high unemployment among less-educated white males and a soaring suicide rate.
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To close great and growing wealth and income gaps, and to raise badly needed revenue for public investment, it's not enough to lift the bottom up; we need to ask more of those at the top, too.
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The disagreement reflects an overall discrepancy between what are called "bottom-up" measurements of emissions, those from individual oil and gas sites, as opposed to "top-down" calculations like the ones carried out by the Rochester researchers.
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But the public is supposed to be convinced that we now live in an alternative, upside-down reality in which substantial corporate tax cuts (which CEOs were most excited about) are miraculously trickling from the bottom up.
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Durbin and I are tasked with the job of being the sort of clearinghouse for ideas so we can build from the bottom up a plan that hopefully can get enough support that we can get passed.
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On the contrary, it is to direct the federal bureaucracy to support this bottom-up approach, facilitate the incubation of new policies and innovative ideas at the local level, and follow those policies and ideas — not dictate.
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"The VA's health care technology has been very good for 30 years because it was developed by doctors, nurses, pharmacists and lab tech inside the VA via a bottom up, grassroots, agile approach," said one hospital leader.
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If he goes the corporate route he knows well, Trump would ironically be engaged in a centralized, top-down approach to economic growth at the precise moment the rest of the economy is experiencing a bottom-up revolution.
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Actually, there are two opposing proposals, one that doubles down on the current, top-down system and one — more ambitious, but to my mind far superior — that would redesign the grid system around a new bottom-up paradigm.
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Sanders is the warrior of the left who taps into the spirit of Ted Kennedy, Eugene McCarthy and other politicians who have argued that change starts from the bottom up and leaders need to be adamant about principle.
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"We want to build a Single European Sky (SES) bottom up," Curran said, adding national schemes would not be in opposition to SES and should involve input from across the industry, including airlines, airports, air traffic control authorities.
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Details: The Paris Agreement is decentralized and bottom-up, making it a promising sandbox for blockchain, which strings together data to generate a permanent record that can be continuously viewed, updated and verified by users at all levels.
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For 2016, Goldman assumes 4 percent growth in sales per share, 8.8 percent profit margin expansion and 11 percent EPS growth on the S&P 500, versus bottom-up forecasts of 6 percent, 9.6 percent and 18 percent.
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Far from exhibiting "irrational exuberance"—as infamously asserted by economist Alan Greenspan in 1996—tech entrepreneurs were not only quite rational, but from the 'bottom up' literally created an entirely new kind of infrastructure and permanently transformed society.
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As companies, governments and individuals evaluate their needs in the post-Moore's-Law era, one can only hope that security—real security, deep security, designed into hardware, software, and networks from the bottom up—becomes a top priority.
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In her thinking, the "top-down" (versus "bottom-up") influences — which account for the biggest differences in information processing — need to be set aside in order to refine the scope of what neuroscience can offer to exhibition design.
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Leaders often emerge from a bottom-up process, with reputations for getting things done - in particular, resisting evictions and securing basic services, according to research by Adam Auerbach at the American University and Tariq Thachil at Vanderbilt University.
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Likewise, the movements of the 1960s and 1970s by African-Americans, Latinos, women, homosexuals and environmental activists brought a new emphasis on history from the bottom up, spotlighting the role of social movements in shaping the nation's past.
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"I was blown away about how much of this is coming from the bottom up, but ... how he handles these domestic issues and these foreign issues can really undermine him on what is the central project," Friedman said.
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Perhaps most interestingly, Ukraine has ferreted out fake narratives in bottom-up campaigns through projects like the IREX's training of eighth and ninth graders to spot fake news, and through the aggressive exposure of fake news on StopFake.org.
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Fact: We have problems and not everyone is enjoying the fruits of our economy, but if you want to be an optimist about America, stand on your head — the country looks so much better from the bottom up.
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That's why Lucifer doesn't follow China's top-level politics — not because he doesn't care about the future of China, but because in the long term it is being shaped from the bottom up, not from the top down.
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Angela is a best-selling author, and also appeared on the BET docuseries, "From the Bottom Up." Of course, Lewis announced in December he's getting treatment for stage 4 pancreatic cancer -- however, he IS running for re-election.
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The group, called the Election Cybersecurity Initiative, views itself as a bottom-up, grass-roots counterpart to national-level election security efforts led by the Department of Homeland Security in the wake of Russia's election interference in 2016.
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The sad truth is that elected officials and agency administrators are failing to take a bottom-up approach to the purchase, control, inventory, and proper destruction of such IT assets as software, computer hard drives and mobile devices.
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SO THAT APPROACH, VERY MUCH DIFFERENT FROM OUR APPROACH WHICH IS THIS BOTTOM UP, AND IT REDEFINES SO MANY THINGS -- HOW WE HANDLE DATA, HOW WE HANDLE EACH OTHER, AND SO ON, THAT'S A VERY STRUCTURAL IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE.
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Larry Cohen, the chair of Our Revolution, emphasized this type of bottom-up party building as the type of work his group is focused on and the only way Sanders will have any hope of passing his agenda.
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"It's an important part of our business strategy," Brown told Business Insider, who added that the company is not only working from the top down but from the bottom up, focusing on boosting diversity among its new hires.
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"We can go from the bottom up and build our knowledge base, and then ask questions about human biology," said Gene E. Robinson, a biologist at the University of Illinois who was not involved in the new work.
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And he wielded it, they say, to tell a story more strikingly in sync with the bottom-up view of history that dominates academic scholarship than with the biographies of great leaders that rule the best-seller list.
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If no candidate wins a majority, candidates are eliminated from the bottom up, with each eliminated candidate's supporters going to their next-ranked choice for the following round, until one candidate has more than half of the votes.
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Those pushing reform at the state and local level understand the crucial lesson from the same-sex marriage movement: If you want those policies to stick, they have to come from the bottom-up, not the top-down.
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The bottom-up investor, who has been through multiple business cycles over the span of a two-decade career, shared his views on how to navigate the turbulence this year as well as his approach to finding winning stocks.
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Our suggestion for the new paradigm: agree on reasonably aggressive but achievable projections (based on achievable bottom-up unit economics) and then agree on a balanced set of comps (not just the three highest multiple companies in your universe).
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Not bottom-up refreshes by any stretch, but enough to keep the long-lived line up to date with the latest AOI offerings — and continue to make the case as a workhorse device for creative pros and hobbyist gamers.
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In the end, while ARKQ uses a combination of top-down and bottom-up active management, ROBO is primarily top-down, trying to capture the performance of the robotics and automation theme, "for good or ill," according to FactSet.
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"Bottom-up data of some 3,000 companies in the FTSE All World index show that the percentage of zombie firms has more than tripled to 2.0 percent of firms in 2016 from 0.6 percent in 1996," the bank said.
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Our country is actually a checkerboard of cities and communities — some that are forming what I call "complex adaptive coalitions" and are thriving from the bottom up, and others that can't build such adaptive coalitions and are rapidly deteriorating.
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Ranked 26th worldwide in women's economic empowerment, the United States has no quotas of any kind (political or economic, hard or soft)—signifying that change may have to come from the bottom up, which will be no easy task.
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"He made me crawl through a dirty ditch then later forced me into a ... position where I have to put my head and feet on the ground while raising my bottom up with hands behind my back," he said.
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If it doesn't quite throw the old heroic narrative out the window, it does draw on decades of scholarship that has emphasized the conflicts and contradictions within the Revolution, while also taking a distinctly bottom-up view of events.
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The software includes all of the day-to-day HR admin tools you'd expect, but also places a lot more emphasis on employee engagement, with a bottom up approach to the formation and support of employee 'clubs' or interest groups.
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Perhaps the biggest challenge facing the new deal is whether a "bottom-up" plan – built around each country's pledges to reduce their emissions and help poorer countries adjust to climate shifts – will add up to enough emissions cuts, Abeysinghe said.
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One of the most groundbreaking themes in the world of enterprise sales in the last few years has been the rise of bottom up sales techniques due to its ability to allow startups to target hundreds of paths into a company.
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"Here in Kenya, we find ourselves at one of the global epicenters of growth, where solar products combined with pay-as-you-go models and mobile payment technologies are breaking new ground in bottom-up electricity sector development," Amin said.
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In a recent letter to the environment minister, more than 40 conservationists and environmentalists said the FRA empowers forest communities to be a part of the decision-making process, and "therefore encourages a bottom-up approach to natural resource governance".
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The first step is to replace the vicious cycle of confrontation and control with a virtuous cycle of collaboration and openness in order to embrace the distributed power dynamics of our network society, its bottom-up culture, and its decentralized technology.
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In 2019 and in years to come, California will continue to face heightened risk for wildfires and droughts—things that could cause PG&E and other investor-owned utilities that rely on dirty-energy infrastructure to go bottom-up again.
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Mr Corbyn also wants policies made from the bottom up, with a bigger role for the party conference (evidently not agreeing with Arthur Balfour's dictum that he would prefer to take advice from his valet than from a Tory conference).
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Rather than trying to encode high-level knowledge and logical reasoning, machine learning employs a bottom-up approach in which algorithms discern relationships by repeating tasks, such as classifying the visual objects in images or transcribing recorded speech into text.
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Lost in this noise is the slow and steady bottom-up strategy: A comprehensive effort that begins with a modest patch of Syrian territory where success can be replicated with a long-term commitment to security, governance, and humanitarian assistance.
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The authors visualized the overall "methane budget" like so: Still, says Jackson, these estimates are imprecise (note the error bars above), and there remains a troubling mismatch between "top-down" atmospheric measurements of methane and "bottom-up" inventories of sources.
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But this wasn't so much a revolution as a restructuring of the political order, a transfer of power from one elite to another, rather than the sort of bottom-up popular uprising that many would-be revolutionaries had in mind.
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Companies will only succeed at ensuring their entire operations are free of abuse if they adopt a bottom-up strategy to reforming their supply chains, said Daniela Colaiacovo of the Goldlake Group, a gold mining company that operates in Honduras.
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Distributed leadership, seeks a balance between top-down and bottom-up leadership, where information and influence flow freely, and employees act as entrepreneurs providing new solutions and citizens take power back into their own hands around issues they care about.
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The greatest challenge for A.I. is not the slow progress in top-down intelligence but the lack of attention to teaming intelligence that would allow the pairing of humans' remarkable predictive powers with A.I.'s superior bottom-up analysis of data.
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But his campaign and his entire political career has been based on sort of grassroots change and a different model of change that comes from the grassroots, that comes from civic engagement, citizenship or renewal of citizenship, very bottom up.
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The bottom-up organizing flourishing right now to support front-line health care workers is deeply inspirational and necessary, but as the coronavirus pandemic spans weeks and months, this approach cannot become a permanent stopgap for a broken supply chain.
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Democratic campaigns of the past, including Shirley Chisholm's historic run in 1972 and Jesse Jackson's "rainbow coalition" of working-class Americans in 1984, serve as a model for modern Democrats seeking to fashion their own bids as bottom-up endeavors.
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We tend to associate strategy with high-level decision makers — generals, presidents, corporate titans — but the basic challenge of, in Alinsky's words, "doing what you can with what you have" applies just as much when working from the bottom up.
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In accordance with Francis' vision of a bottom-up church, the document calls for young people to take on leadership roles within their Catholic communities and dioceses, working alongside, and not under, priests and bishops to build stronger church networks.
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There's nothing organic or not craven about "Bon Appétit," which pairs Ms. Perry, a pop star of the old, Big Record Label sort, with Migos, fresh off a No. 1 song and album owing almost exclusively to bottom-up virality.
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With conservative investors now relying on equity for income and playing bonds for capital gain, the shock of policy success could be sizeable by squeezing that ERP from the bottom up and whipping away a prop for already pricey, jaded stocks.
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" He continued: "So we are actually reimagining the way that HUD works right now from the bottom up, including the vision of the people who have been there 85033, 20, 30, 40 years, rather than just imposing things upon them.
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And there remains a big gap between bottom-up consensus earnings growth expectations - of 7.4 percent in 2019 - and top-down estimates by strategists based on macroeconomic models of roughly 1 percent, pointing to potential further earnings growth downgrades ahead.
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They wrote like they were the fire; like the whole world was underbrush that had been piling up on top of them for decades, and with each word a spark came closer to incinerating the forest from the bottom up.
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It's not the way I would build an R&D portfolio, obviously — that's more of a bottom-up thing — but the message is, as you design the R&D portfolio, $10 billion leads you to a different way of thinking.
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The researchers focus on the energy used by buildings for heating and cooling as a kind of rough proxy for urban energy consumption, and model various urban development scenarios (one top-down, one bottom-up, if you're into scenario talk) out to 245.
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This "bottom-up" approach is helpful in that it allows voters and to determine the Democrats' agenda, but it also means the Democrats will have to invest a lot of effort into reconciling their differences if and when they become the majority party.
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To do so, they will have to overcome the conditions that made a bottom-up strategy smart in the short run — a diverse set of competitive districts, disagreements over the priorities and ideological direction of the party, and distrust of party leaders.
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A win-win-win for the economy — higher growth, greater equity and lower risk — becomes possible by viewing it through the bottom-up, people-centered prism of level-up economics rather than the top-down, financial markets-centered lens of trickle-down economics.
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No woman is going to defend Harvey Weinstein, or James Toback, or Matt Lauer, or Louis C.K. As Emma Gray pointed out over at HuffPost,those were the most obvious rotten apples in a barrel that's been decaying from the bottom up.
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At the same time, he hasn't committed to having votes on any of these proposals, saying he doesn't want to prejudge a "bottom up process" that would give committee chairmen the power to craft legislative proposals and put their own stamp on them.
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Both Perez and Ellison have pledged to focus on a bottom-up reconstruction of the party, which has lost hundreds of statehouse seats under Obama and faces an uphill task in trying to reclaim majorities in Congress in next year's midterm elections.
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Google's bottom-up approach to VR was seen as far too casual by many, but I predicted at the time that the company's low-end look at VR would be the only truly competitive alternative to high-end offerings like the Rift.
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"Our continued organizing and movement-building over the last four years is paying dividends and it appears to be a total transformation of political power at city hall from the bottom up," Ramirez-Rosa told a crowd Tuesday night following his victory.
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As a result of our post hurricane recovery work (partially supported by the U.S. Economic Development administration) administering the Bottom Up Destination Recovery Initiative, last year the Puerto Rico Department of Housing asked our organization to lead the Whole Community Resiliency Planning Program.
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And the source of my optimism is that I go around our country — if you want to be an optimist about America today, stand on your head, because the country looks so much better from the bottom up than the top down.
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"Everwise is much more bottom up whereas Torch is about the upper levels, and it just sort of made sense" says Garry Tan, partner and co-founder of Initialized Capital that funded Torch's Series A and is also a client of its coaching.
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It means none of the local parties has enough power, resources — or willingness to compromise — to stabilize Syria from the bottom up, and none of the external parties is ready to invest enough power and resources to stabilize it from the top down.
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The authors suggest that authoritarianism emerges from both bottom-up and top-down pressures: A diverse society seeks strong central institutions for the sake of cohesion and productivity, and internal division, stratification and mistrust increase "the scope for domination" by powerful elites.
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The winning candidate could be the one who convinces state officials that he or she will return the DNC to a bottom-up organization that focuses on rebuilding Democratic majorities at the state and local level, where the party's ranks have been decimated.
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Alternatively, if lawmakers want to help nearly all small businesses, they should look to a "bottom-up" tax reduction approach, which would benefit the majority of small firms by allowing pass-through entities and C-corporations to deduct their first $25,000 of profit.
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"There is a fair amount of evidence that Kim Jong-un has accepted that the North Korean economy is, if not liberalizing, then there is a bottom-up marketization occurring and he has to accept that in order to survive," Ms. Ashford said.
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But defectors and academics say the importance of membership has dwindled since the devastating famine of the 1990s, which paved the way for a bottom-up and informal network of markets that now provides for most North Koreans in place of the state.
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"I analyze the actual stocks [from] the bottom up and things look OK." Still, Cramer's positive notions fall largely on deaf ears, so the "Mad Money" brought up an old anecdote from 1929, just before the Great Depression, to support his point.
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By taking a bottom-up approach, we assume 45-55 patties/store/day at $1.0-1.1 per patty, which is higher than the ~28 Impossible Whoppers sold at Burger King per store per day given MCD's greater scale and substantially higher sales velocity.
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So really, for us, it's-- back in that bottom up, stock by stock, do your homework, find something that's mispriced, something like, for example, MGM Grand, we think is just a bit mispriced, because they have a new casino opening up later this year.
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"Stocks have surged ... since the election on the prospect of higher earnings under potential Trump policies, but consensus bottom-up 2017 EPS forecasts for S&P 500 have been unchanged," strategist David Kostin wrote in the note to clients at the end of last week.
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Our objective was to build something from the bottom up, and support artists, crews, collectives from all over the country and the world to co-exist in an artistic environment as a social experiment that would bring about a ripple effect of inspiration and innovation.
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Digital technology is moving at a faster rate than traditional military investment, often driven by the private sector, leading ACT to do things in new ways: more bottom-up, more plugged into outside networks and with a greater willingness to accept the risk of failure.
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This is remarkable at one level, as Cairo reflects the changing of the worlds more broadly, as enormous shifts to problem solving and the fight for political, cultural and economic voices are bubbling bottom-up because progressively everyone has technology to change their dynamics.
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Pope: In A Climate of Hope, Mike and I articulated an approach to climate in which we gave our reasons for thinking that most climate leadership is going to come not from national governments but from businesses, cities, provinces, civic organizations, from the bottom up.
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The extremes are really bad and the internet is a context that has gotten extreme, so we half to give up some of that freedom for some order, and it's a principle that we have to negotiate, and both bottom up and top down.
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Co-curated by Mali Wu and Francesco Manacorda, the Biennial focuses on the interconnectivity of ecosystemic structures formed between humans and nature and aims to serve as a platform for social experimentation, generating new interdisciplinary possibilities for long-lasting, community-driven, bottom-up synergies.
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He finds himself a consensus-builder in a polarized age; a believer in markets and American politics when both are under intense suspicion; an inescapably elite figure at a time when the climate movement craves bottom-up action, front-line fights, and diverse representation.
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It says the process it uses has been validated with more than 993 different DNA sequencers, while its algorithms were built bottom-up from raw FASTQ data (aka the most common file format used in DNA sequencing) — and claims its tech is universally applicable.
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Spider-Man doesn't come with policy prescriptions, but in making Peter's homebase a shelter, rather than a workshop to make gadgets, it reinforces a larger message not often seen in games like this: real change usually comes from the bottom up, and it's not easy.
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"The commission was watching closely as the Open Debate Coalition tested out their innovative bottom-up question submission and voting platform in the primaries this year, and we were impressed with the results," said the debate commission's co-chair, Mike McCurry, in a statement.
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"It is not so much imposed top-down by judges with life tenure, as built from the bottom up by citizens engaged in democratic participation," Cole told an audience at Politics and Prose, an independent bookstore in Washington, D.C., shortly after his book was published.
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"In our view, bottom-up drivers could lead to a further improvement in ROE (return on equity) for MSCI Singapore to close to 9 percent from 8.5 percent currently, while dividend yield could be increased from 3.7 percent to 4.5 percent," according to the report.
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But the great paradox of the Soltysik campaign is that the candidate himself steadfastly refuses to prescribe a method for bringing about that change, except to say that other people have to figure it out for themselves, in something he calls a "bottom-up" revolution.
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And he gave me a similar response outlining his theory of bottom-up change: The real way that change takes place — and that's always been the case in this country — is when people on the bottom begin to stand up and say enough is enough.
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On Wednesday, the pope took the unprecedented step of summoning the presidents of bishop's conferences around the world to a conference on the issue in February 2019 — a move in keeping with the pope's vision of a collegial, bottom-up church that empowered local bishops.
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While stealing good employees from your rival has been a favorite pastime for much of Wall Street, it&aposs somewhat of a new focus at Goldman, which has historically prided itself as a place where one could work their way from the bottom up.
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Iran has used its Shiite Hezbollah militia in Lebanon and Syria and its Popular Mobilization Forces militia in Iraq to try to snuff out all their bottom-up secular democratic movements — while also crushing the biggest secular-democracy uprising in Iran itself in 40 years.
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Scholars like Dipali Mukhopadhyay of Columbia University and Frances Z. Brown of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace argue that Afghan warlords — who provide the closest thing to stable governance in parts of the country — could one day build a state from the bottom up.
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Just as the TRI enabled populist maximin regulation in the US — a wave of bottom-up activism that the authors of the TRI never anticipated — so could WattTime's data be used to organize citizen pressure on the biggest carbon emitters, on a global scale.
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While Deng is often given credit for turning China from a collectivist, Communist economy into the powerhouse it would become, according to Dikotter, Deng's reforms were a reflection of those forced upon the country from the bottom up, by a populace alienated to and despairing of Communism.
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Even as it called for a bottom-up sporting culture, China also demanded the establishment of 'competitive brands' and set a target of swelling the sports industry to 3 trillion yuan ($450 billion)- six times the estimated value of the existing global sports market - by 2020.
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Much of this betokens what Atul Hatwal, a Labour commentator, calls the victory of the "Stalinists" (cynical but capable fixers like Seumas Milne, Mr Corbyn's Richelieu) over the "Trotskyists" (airy idealists like Jon Lansman, an ally of Labour's leader who advocates bottom-up control of the party).
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Salame said last week the national conference, a "bottom-up" process that has already included dialogue with armed groups, supporters of former Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi and members of the Muslim Brotherhood, may lead to a final gathering and produce specific recommendations on Libya's future direction.
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