For my father's family, the dreams fulfilled by this house had meant a climb from bare subsistence to the middle.
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The onslaught of the seasons pushes your farms into bare subsistence, the hordes of monsters that spawn from the portals start knocking down your walls, and your citizens lose their livelihoods.
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The widely used line demarcating extreme poverty was recently updated to $220 a day, a level the World Bank has determined marks a meaningful division between (bare) subsistence and absolute destitution.
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Often, administrators wielded their power to enforce local prejudice: Black sharecroppers — already living at a bare subsistence level — were routinely given fewer rations than their white counterparts and illegally forced to do street repairs or perform other work tests.
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That's consistent with the story's Roser's telling: All of humanity was poor, barred from breaking out of bare subsistence, until industrialization; colonization prevented the mass of humanity from benefiting from the economic growth that industrialization enabled in Europe and North America, and substantially worsened conditions for its victims; but global growth from 1950 onward led to a massive poverty reduction.
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There, they eked out a bare subsistence, hanging around the > petrol stations for odd jobs, hawking for miraa, making illicit alcohol, > engaging in prostitution and the like.Baxter 1993, p.
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Their > habitations are miserable and their livelihood a bare subsistence > supplemented by relief. Construction of the Rampart Dam will give them ample > gainful employment, and in their new locations, chosen by them on the lake's > borders, they will have better homes, better community facilities and a > permanent income from now nonexistent activities, generated by the > lake.Gruening, Ernest. "Ducks and the dam".
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By bringing African slaves instead, plantation owners acquired workers for long hours in the hot sun without paying them, providing only a bare subsistence to workers who could not leave or appeal to laws. The uncultivated Virginia soil was reportedly too rich for traditional European crops, especially cereals like barley. Tobacco "broke down the fields and made food crops more productive" by depleting the soil of nutrients.
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The estimates for 1949 to 1956 was that 90% of all infiltration was motivated by social and economic concerns.Benny Morris, (1993). "Israel's Border Wars, 1949-1956; Arab Infiltration, Israeli Retaliation and the Countdown to the Suez War"; Oxford Clarendon Press, pp 49 & 412. It was naturally difficult to prevent refugees who were living on a bare subsistence level, from crossing lines beyond which they hope to find fodder for their hungry sheep, or for scarce fuel.
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To achieve this in its first session during November 1948, the Central Advisory Council appointed a Tripartite Committee of Fair Wage. This committee came up with the concept of a minimum wage, which not only guarantees bare subsistence and preserves efficiency but also provides for education, medical requirements and some level of comfort. India introduced the Minimum Wages Act in 1948, giving both the Central government and State government jurisdiction in fixing wages. The act is legally non- binding, but statutory.
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Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), London:The Folio Society, 2001, p.193. Scientific advance is held carefully in check, as the Party does not want to allow for any unaccounted abundance of goods, which could conceivably raise the quality of life beyond bare subsistence for the Proles. The only technological advances permitted are in mind control and genocide, the twin goals of each of the superstates. Once mind control is perfected, the superstates are free to destroy their counterparts in a theoretical single, decisive strike that precludes retaliation.
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With no income other than welfare and contributions from relatives, the band survived on a bare subsistence diet. French recounted living on no more than a small cup of soybeans a day for a month, and at one point, band members were arrested for shoplifting food (with Zappa bailing them out). A visitor described their appearance as "cadaverous" and said that "they all looked in poor health". Band members were restricted from leaving the house and practiced for fourteen or more hours a day.
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Critics argue that concentrated land ownership gives the landowner too much power over local communities, reduces opportunities, and impedes economic growth. One study of nineteenth-century Prussia found an inverse correlation between large estates and educational enrollment. In Central America, an economic boom in coffee production led to vastly different results in different countries: Costa Rica and Colombia were dominated by smallholdings and experienced democratization and surging literacy rates, while in El Salvador and Guatemala, rural laborers earned bare subsistence. Studies in 48 developing countries found a correlation between land concentration and deforestation.
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On his arrival in New York City, he knew Latin, Greek, Hebrew and several Slavic languages, but no English, and for two or three months after his arrival, he was able to earn no more than a bare subsistence. Then he found employment in the counting room of the Staats-Zeitung. After the death of its proprietor, Jacob Uhl, in 1852, the management of the paper devolved to his widow, and the services of Ottendorfer became gradually more important. He became editor in 1858 and wed Jacob Uhl's widow, Anna Uhl, in 1859.
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In a barren world caused by wars waged in the 20th century and now forgotten, most live from hand to mouth in enclaves known as "market-towns" or "dog-towns", scrounging out a bare subsistence harvesting hardy crops, raising dogs as food, and trading in trinkets from the past. What little entertainment exists comes primarily from a brutal sport known as The Game. It is played by bands of roving teams known as juggs, who challenge local teams. They might be considered professional athletes, as they make their living through the tribute paid by the town people, should they defeat the local team.
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Simpson embraced a combination of both conservative and radical ideas in his social and political philosophy. He generally disliked banks because of the paper money they issued, regarding it as among the fundamental reasons for the workers' degradation, maintaining that banking enabled the rich to "extort labor upon their own terms of bare subsistence", that banks "levied a tax directly upon every commodity produced by labour; which tax became immediately absorbed into the pocket of the capitalists".Pessen, 2005, p. 338 Simpson believed that all working men had a natural right to education in a democratic society, "where every man is an elector".
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" In 1949, as a response to the remilitarization of East Germany and the Soviet blockade of West Berlin, the United States, Great Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg, and Portugal formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, or NATO. In 1950, as a response to the outbreak of the Korean War, West Germany was also permitted to join NATO, which was then upgraded into a military alliance.Koehler (1999), pages 57–58. According to Koehler, however, "As the Cold War intensified, living conditions in Soviet- occupied East Germany showed little improvement beyond the postwar level of bare subsistence.
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65) whereas an estimated 150,000 free Indonesian settlers lived in East Timor by the mid-1990s, including those offered jobs in education and administration.Voluntary migrants. Mariel Otten, "Transmigrasi: From Poverty to Bare Subsistence," The Ecologist, 16/2-3, 1986, pp. 74–75.(cited in Jardine 1999, p. 65) Migration increased resentment amongst Timorese who were overtaken by more business savvy immigrants.Schwarz (1994), p. 210 Following the invasion, Portuguese commercial interests were taken over by Indonesians.Jardine (1999), p. 61. The border with West Timor was opened resulting in an influx of West Timorese farmers, and in January 1989 the territory was open to private investment.
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The recent Japanese success in the Russo-Japanese War of 1905, the first time when an Asian army proved had proved superior to a European one, was fresh in the memory of Wells' readers, the worldwide Asian assault depicted being in effect a monstrously magnified echo of the Japanese surprise attack on Port Arthur. The background of Bert Smallways bears some resemblance to Wells' own – a working-class family in a London suburb (which is similar to Wells' native Bromley), with a struggling small shop. Jessica, Bert's strong-willed but narrow-minded sister in law – a former domestic servant who rose to a kind of petit bourgeois respectability and who tries to make Bert an errand boy in the family shop – resembles Wells' mother who intended him to be a draper. Bert seeks to break out of this background, as Wells did, but fails to gain the higher education which Wells got, and in the conditions of worldwide collapse he ends up as a semi-Medieval peasant eking out a bare subsistence.
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