Bernadette Renaud (born April 18, 1945) is an award-winning Canadian writer living in the Montérégie region of Quebec. Renaud was born in Ascot Corner. She worked in a school library and then taught primary school before becoming a writer full-time. In 1976, she published Émilie la baignoire à pattes, which won a Canada Council Children's Literature Prize and the .
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Her journalistic career started in 1994, as a freelance reporter for such magazines as Le Figaro and ELLE, before she settled down with the Capa agency in 1997, working with them on the TV programme Qu'en pensez-vous? ('What Do You Think of It?') on the Canal+ channel. She was the co-presenter of the France 2 show Rince ta baignoire in 1999.
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Nearne "survived, in silence, the full revolting treatment of the baignoire" in the torture chamber of the Paris headquarters of the Gestapo on the Rue des Saussaies. She reportedly managed to convince her captors, under torture, that she had been sending messages for a businessman, unaware that he was British. On 15 August 1944, she was sent to Ravensbrück concentration camp where she refused to do prison work. Her head was shaved and she was told she would be shot if she continued to refuse.
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The episode opens with Blair receiving news of Chuck Bass donating to charities with Eva at his side. Gossip Girl further irks Blair when she shows an image of Chuck giving Eva an expensive jeweled Cartier Baignoire watch after a charity event. With Serena still wondering whom to choose between Nate and Dan and Blair's growing jealousy against Eva, both girls agree not to meddle in their respective affairs. Dan wakes up to find Vanessa staging an intervention to persuade to express his hurt over losing his son, Milo.
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On ending his contract with Deutz, Ettore loaded his family into the Type 10 and headed to the Alsace region, then still part of the German Empire, looking for a factory to begin producing cars of his own. After World War I, Alsace became a part of France again, and with it Bugatti. The car was preserved and nicknamed "la baignoire" ("the bathtub") by the staff at Molsheim in later years due to its shape. Ettore restored it in 1939 and repainted it an orange-red color, earning it a new nickname, "le homard" ("the lobster").
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Methods of torture included beatings, shackling, being suspended from the ceiling, being burned with a blowtorch, allowing dogs to attack the prisoner, being lashed with ox- hide whips, being hit with a hammer, or having heads placed in a vice, and the baignoire, whereby the victim was forced into a tub of freezing water and held nearly to the point of drowning, a process repeated for hours. A common threat to a captured résistant was to have a loved ones arrested or a female relative or lover sent to the Wehrmacht field brothels. The vast majority of those tortured talked. At least 40,000 French died in such prisons.
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One author described how "marriages Républicains... consisted in binding together a man and woman, back to back, stripped naked, keeping them exposed for an hour, and then hurling them into the current of "la Baignoire Nationale", as the bloodhounds termed the Loire". British radical and Girondist sympathizer Helen Maria Williams, in her Sketch of the Politics of France, 1793–94,Helen Maria Williams, Sketch of the Politics of France, 1793–94 (1795), p. 42-43. wrote that "innocent young women were unclothed in the presence of the monsters; and, to add a deeper horror to this infernal act of cruelty, were tied to young men, and both were cut down with sabers, or thrown into the river; and this kind of murder was called a republican marriage". According to literary scholar Steven Blakemore, Williams seems to have regarded this as a form of "terrorist misogynism".
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