Areca Roe photographed all of these and more for Housebroken, her engaging look at unusual pets.
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His company, Prakritii, makes plates and bowls from the leaves of south India&aposs areca palm trees.
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New entries include GLACIAL DRIFT, METABOLIC RATE, SEX AND VIOLENCE (really!), A DOGS TALE, MIRROR SHADES and ARECA PALM.
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Betel quid and areca nuts -- which are often used in Southeast Asia for tooth cleaning -- stain the teeth and gums.
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Pan Masala is made from betel leaves, areca nut and a variety of other ingredients like clove, cardamom and others.
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"The buoyant market proves that the new government really means to have change," said Danny Wong, CEO of fund management firm Areca Capital.
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Abdul Majid, a 45-year-old father of eight, ran a small shop selling areca nut wrapped in betel leaves, commonly chewed like tobacco.
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The property also has avocado, orange, lychee, banana and puakenikeni trees, and king and areca palms, as well as an attached two-car garage.
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An areca palm might look cool and match your rug, but you should bring one home only if the two of you are a good fit for each other.
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On a recent afternoon, a group of men with weather-beaten skin from the Guraidhoo council lounged on the beachfront, chewing areca nuts and discussing the next week's agenda.
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The journey from her home village of Chempanoda by bus was slow but beautiful, across fresh-flowing rivers, through groves of areca-nut and rubber trees and past wooded hills.
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Then they bought a dozen potted plants - areca palms, aloe vera, money plants and snake plants - to help clean the air indoors, a hand-held air quality monitor and four masks.
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Hahn Liang-Jiunn, the chairman of the Taiwan Alliance for Areca Nut Control and Oral Cancer Prevention, says there are several reasons why chewing betel nuts is so popular in Taiwan despite the health risks.
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"This is a very fun, happy life," said Islam Ahmed, 24, a tall, lean man chewing on areca nuts and betel leaves at one of two cafes on the less than one-square-mile island.
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"Even if these pan masalas do not contain tobacco or nicotine, they surely contain areca nuts [known as "supari" in Hindi] and now there are a lot of scientific evidences, which prove that supari causes cancer," it quoted the directive as saying, according to The Hollywood Reporter.
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Pet-Friendly Plants List: Adiantum capillus-veneris, Common MaidenhairAeschynanthus radicans, Lipstick plantAspidistra elatior, Cast iron plantBambuseae, Tropical woody bambooBeaucarnea recurvata, Ponytail palmBromeliadsCalathea Lancifolia, Rattlesnake PlantCalathea makoyana, Peacock PlantCalathea Zebrina, Zebra PlantChamaedorea Elegans, Parlor palmChlorophytum Comosum, Spider PlantDypsis lutescens, Areca PalmEcheveria Fittonia albivenis, Silver fittonia (mosaic plant)Haworthia Hedera Helix, Common ivyHoya Carnosa, Wax plantHypoestes phyllostachya, Polka Dot PlantMaranta leuconeura, Prayer PlantNephrolepis exaltata, Boston FernPachira aquatica, Money Tree Plant PeperomiaPilea cadierei, Aluminum plantPilea peperomioides, Chinese Money Plant Plectranthus australis, Swedish IvyPolystichum munitum, Sword FernSaintpaulia, African VioletsSchlumbergera x buckleyi, Christmas CactusSedum Morganianum, Burros tail succulentTillandsia, Airplant
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Supari Palm or Betelnut (Areca catechu). Kolkata, West Bengal. Dried areca nut or betel nut Areca nut production in India is dominant in the coastal region within from the coast line, and also in some other non-coastal states of India. Areca nut (Areca catechu), a tropical crop, is popularly known as betel nut, as its common usage in the country is for mastication with betel leaves.
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Areca nuts in Taiwan will usually contain artificial additives such as limestone powder. The extract of Areca catechu may be addictive. The areca palm is also used as an interior landscaping species. It is often used in large indoor areas such as malls and hotels.
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A monograph of the betel nut palms (Areca: Arecaceae) of East Malesia. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 168: 147-173. Common names in English include areca palm, areca nut palm, betel palm, Indian nut, Pinang palm. In English this palm is called the betel tree because its fruit, the areca nut, is often chewed along with the betel leaf, a leaf from a vine of the family Piperaceae.
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Arecoline () is a nicotinic acid-based mild parasympathomimetic stimulant alkaloid found in the areca nut, the fruit of the areca palm (Areca catechu). It is an odourless oily liquid. It can bring a sense of enhanced alertness and energy, euphoria and relaxation. Its psychoactive effects are comparable to that of nicotine.
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19th century drawing of Areca catechu Areca catechu is grown for its commercially important seed crop, the areca nut. The cities of Tanjung Pinang, Pangkal Pinang in Indonesia, the Indonesian province of Jambi (jambi or jambe is areca in Javanese, Sundanese, Balinese, and Old Malay), Penang Island, off the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, Fua Mulaku in the Maldives, Guwahati in Assam, and coastal areas of Kerala and Karnataka in India, are some of the places named after a local name for areca nut. Actually, there are numerous city and areal names in Indonesia and Malaysia using the words pinang or jambe. This shows how important areca nut is in the Austronesian civilization, especially in the modern day Indonesia or Malaysia.
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Most raw areca nut fruits are from Hainan and processed locally. The history of consuming areca nut dates back to 400 years ago, when people chewed it for pandemic prevention. Nowadays, it is quite common to see people chewing areca nut in Hunan."Despite Risks, an Addictive Treat Fuels a Chinese City" article by Dan Levin in The New York Times August 19, 2010, accessed August 20, 2010 In 2003, the sales revenue of areca nut industry in Xiangtan had reached ¥800 million.
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Areca nut The areca nut ( or ) is the seed of the areca palm (Areca catechu), which grows in much of the tropical Pacific (Melanesia and Micronesia), Southeast and South Asia, and parts of east Africa. It is commonly referred to as betel nut, not to be confused with betel (Piper betle) leaves that are often used to wrap it (a preparation known as paan). The term areca originated from the Malayalam word aḍaykka (അടയ്ക്ക) Additional information: Cognates include Kannada adike/ಅಡಿಕೆ, Malayalam adakka/ataykka, and Tamil adakkai. and dates from the 16th century, when Dutch and Portuguese sailors took the nut from Kerala to Europe.
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Areca publishing. , . The uprising failed after seven days of fighting.Tang Jiaxuan.
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Areca triandra (wild areca palm) is a palm which is often used as ornamental plant. It is native to India, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. It is also reportedly naturalized in Panama and in southern China.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families,Areca triandra As a wild plant, it commonly occurs in littoral forest in Southeast Asia.
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The areca nut, uncut, is called popal, cut into small pieces it is pod. : d In the past, Canara was famous for its spices. And so, paan (betel leaf) and pod (areca nut cut into small pieces), the seed of the tropical palm Areca catechu were generously supplied on all festive occasions. The spices were not mixed with chuno (Quick lime).
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Areca vestiaria - Trunks. January 2020. Location CAS Xishuangbanna Tropical Plant Garden, Mengla, Yunnan, SW China. Areca vestiaria (pinang yaki or pinang merah) is a species of palm native to the rainforests of eastern Indonesia especially North Sulawesi.
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Paddy & Areca nut Field Rice is the main crop in agriculture followed by Areca nut and Coconut. The main occupation is agriculture, followed by business. Mostly the business commodities are rice and Areca nut followed by coconuts and some forest products. There are eight to ten rice mills in and around Lakkavalli with Dattatreya rice mill rangenhalli, Sai Natha, Bhadra, Modern, Prakash, Bharat Rice mill etc.
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In Vietnam, the areca nut and the betel leaf are such important symbols of love and marriage that in Vietnamese the phrase "matters of betel and areca" (chuyện trầu cau) is synonymous with marriage. Areca nut chewing starts the talk between the groom's parents and the bride's parents about the young couple's marriage. Therefore, the leaves and juices are used ceremonially in Vietnamese weddings.
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Once known as 'Pragjyotishpura' (the light of the east), Guwahati derives its name from the Assamese words "Guva" derived from the Sanskrit word Guvaka, meaning areca nut and its plant and "Hati" meaning rows, the row of areca nut trees.
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In India there are two varieties of areca nut, also called supari in Hindi language. One is the white variety and the other is the red variety. The white areca nut is produced by harvesting the fully ripe nuts and then subjecting it to sun drying for about 2 months. In the red variety the green areca nut is harvested, boiled and then its exterior husk is removed.
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The main fruits grown here are coconuts, boroi, areca nuts, bananas and betel nuts.
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The neighbourhood of Sungai Pinang was named after the Pinang River, which, in turn, is named after the Pinang palm, scientifically known as areca catechu.Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang, p. 206. Penang: Areca Books.
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Guvacine is an alkaloid in areca nuts. It is the N-demethylated derivative of arecaidine and the product of ester hydrolysis of guvacoline, both of which are also found in areca nuts as well. It is also an inhibitor of gamma- aminobutyric acid.
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Arecaidine is a bio-active alkaloid in areca nuts. It is a GABA uptake inhibitor.
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Adike (Areca nut) is the primary crop grown in the villages that surround the town.
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Intensive farming of Areca catechu at a spice plantation in Curti, Goa. The areca nut is also popular for chewing throughout some Asian countries, such as China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Malaysia, Myanmar, and India and the Pacific Islands, notably Papua New Guinea, where it is very popular. Chewing areca nut is quite popular among working classes in Taiwan. The nut itself can be addictive and has direct link to oral cancers.
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The chief occupation is agriculture. Primary crops are coconuts, areca nuts, ragi, paddy, green gram, red gram, millet, hyacinth bean and pomegranates. Hagalavadi town is surrounded by dense areca nut and coconut plantations from all sides. Hagalavadi has a large coconut and vegetable market.
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Major SAS/SATA adapter manufacturers are Promise Technologies, Adaptec, HP, QLogic, Areca, LSI and ATTO Technology.
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Areca gurita is an extant species of single-stemmed palm tree (genus Areca) indigenous to the Malaysian state of Sarawak on Borneo. Following Heatubun's identification of A. gurita in 2011, he recorded specimens in the vicinity of Kota Padawan, Kampong Patak, and Kampung Siburan, south of Kuching.
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Pazhanji is well known for its areca nut market and Pazhanji Palli / Pazhanji Church. The market is a hub for areca nut merchants from Monday through Saturday. This is where local arecanut (അടയ്ക്ക) sellers sell their product to authorised arecanut merchants. Buyers and sellers execute trade transactions by auction.
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Hainan has almost 93,000 hectares of areca palms. The product, the areca nut, is consumed locally and also sent to the mainland. Ninety-five percent of China's production of this nut is produced in Hainan. Domesticated farm animals comprise mainly goats, cows, water buffalo, chickens, geese and ducks.
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Health effects of chewing paan: gum damage, tooth decay and oral cancer Health effects: Paan induces profuse salivation that stains mouth area. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) accept the scientific evidence that chewing betel quids and areca nut is carcinogenic to humans. The main carcinogenic factor is believed to be areca nut. A recent study found that areca-nut paan with and without tobacco increased oral cancer risk by 9.9 and 8.4 times, respectively.
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Manicasothy Saravanamuttu, The Sara Saga, Areca Books, 2010, p. 110-111 He was interned during the Japanese Occupation.
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The Jarawa bow, made of chuiood (Sageraea elliptica), is known as "aao" in their own language. The arrow is called "patho". The wooden head of the arrow is made of Areca wood. To make the iron head arrow, called "aetaho" in their language, they use iron and Areca wood or bamboo.
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The economy of the village is mostly agrarian. The major crops are tobacco, ragi, maize, areca nut and rice.
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The people generally sell their respective Areca nut garden to various businessmen who later supply it to different locations.
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Areca nut consumption is also tied to chronic kidney disease in men. In 2003 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a World Health Organization sponsored group, found sufficient evidence that the habit of chewing betel quid, with or without tobacco, causes cancer in humans. In October 2009, 30 scientists from 10 countries met at IARC to reassess the carcinogenicity of various agents including areca nut, and mechanisms of carcinogenesis. They confirmed there is sufficient evidence that areca nut, with or without tobacco, can cause cancer.
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The economy is mostly agriculture based, with rubber, paddy, banana, coconut and the Areca nut being the most cultivated products.
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Penang: Areca Books. He was also the first Malayan nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, in 1935.
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Adike (also known as supari, areca nut or betel nut) is the primary crop grown in the villages that surround the city, making it one of the major trading centres for areca nut. The region is also known for spices such as cardamom, pepper, betel leaves, and vanilla. The major food crop is paddy.
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Next to rubber, coconut is the most popular crop. Cashew is yet another important plantation and areca nuts are also important. Pepper is generally intercropped with coconut, areca nut and various fruit trees. In the hilly surroundings of Chemperi, such as in Nellikutty and Areekamala, this inter-cultivation is done between rubber and cashew.
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RMC Yard, Shimoga APMC of Shimoga is main marketing point of arecanut, the major commercial crop grown in the district and well as in neighbouring districts like Uttara Kannada. Shimoga has the biggest areca nut market, and known for procuring high quality areca nuts. Other agricultural produces like rice, chili, coconut etc. are also marketed in APMC.
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These sheaths are separated from leaves and sent to the factory. The sheaths are then soaked and washed in clean water to remove the dust and sand particles. The sheaths are hot pressed and made into areca palm plates, bowls and food containers. Compared to other disposable items, areca palm products are 100% natural, eco-friendly.
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Paleopharmacological studies attest to the use of medicinal plants in pre- history. For example, herbs were discovered in the Shanidar Cave, and remains of the areca nut (Areca catechu) in the Spirit Cave. Prehistoric man learned pharmaceutical techniques through instinct, by watching birds and beasts, and using cool water, leaves, dirt, or mud as a soothing agent.
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This region is famous for growing Areca nuts and transporting them throughout the state. The areca nut is not a true nut but rather a drupe. It is commercially available in dried, cured and fresh forms. While fresh, the husk is green and the nut inside is so soft that it can easily be cut with an average knife.
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They are found in South Asia and Southeast Asia, and are fairly common in forests, areca gardens, teak plantations and shrub jungle.
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Areca Backup is a personal file backup software developed in Java. It is released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) 2.
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Economy of this village primarily is agricultural. Most common farm produce includes coconut, tapioca, areca, and cashews. Some rice cultivation is also seen.
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The main occupation of the residents of Siddapur is agriculture, primarily areca nut cultivation. In addition to areca nut, commodities like rice, coffee, pineapple, cardamom, coconut, pepper and vanilla are also grown. Other industries include soda, ice cream, and pineapple juice factories, jackfruit and banana chip mills. Banks with full facilities include SBI, Vijaya Bank, Syndicate Bank, and Canara Bank.
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Areca is derived from a local name from the Malabar Coast of India, and catechu is from another Malay name for this palm, caccu.
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Agriculture is the main occupation of the people around this village , people also doing farming of Areca palm & coconut Palm Along with rubber farming.
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The economy encompasses traditional village farming, small scale business and the foreign money. The main crops cultivated are Coconut, Tapioca, Areca nut, banana, paddy.
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Areca hutchinsoniana is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines.
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Pangkalpinang is derived from the local words pengkal ("base") and pinang (Areca catechu, a species of palm tree widely grown on the island of Bangka).
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Areca andersonii is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a tree endemic to Borneo. It is threatened by habitat loss.
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Areca concinna is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in Sri Lanka. It is threatened by habitat loss.
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Areca whitfordii is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in the Philippines. It is threatened by habitat loss.
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Agriculture is the primary occupation in Tarikere. Betel nuts, Paddy, Ragi, Areca nuts, Coffee, Coconuts, Bananas, Pan leaves, Mangoes, and Corn are the major types of crops grown in this region. The region used to be a major rice-producing area though now predominantly grows areca nut. Vigyan Industries, a subsidiary of BEML, is present near Tarikere and is a major producer of steel castings.
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Chewing paan (and/or other areca nut and betel leaf formulations) during pregnancy significantly increases adverse outcomes for the baby. The habit is associated with higher incidences of preterm birth and low birth weight and height. Biologically, these effects may be a consequence of the arecoline that is found in areca nuts. The habit also exposes the fetus to various other toxic components linked to cancer.
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Guests may be invited to a wedding reception by offering a few areca nuts with betel leaves. During Bihu, the husori players are offered areca nuts and betel leaves by each household while their blessings are solicited. Paan-tamul is also offered to guests after the end of every feast, usually the paan-tamul-soon, or slaked lime with cardamom pods in it to freshen the breath.
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Bheemasamudra is a tiny town situated in Chitradurga district in Karnataka. It is an important town in Chitradurga district. It is situated off National Highway 4. A small town Bheemasamudra in Chitradurga District as one of the major Business Centre of areca nut business which is being transported to various parts of our country and abroad for further conversion as several values added forms of areca nut.
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The economy of Sagara is mainly driven by areca nut (betel nut), paddy, spice and forest products trade. Betel nut is the major cash crop grown in the area. Along with areca nut, spices like pepper, clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cocoa are grown. The economy of the city is highly volatile and is dependent on the variation in the pricing of these agriculture products.
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The civic coat of arms of Penang is largely based on the coat of arms of Penang first granted to the Settlement (now State) of Penang, then in the Federation of Malaya, by a Royal Warrant of King George VI dated 11 September 1949. Between 1911 (the date of a previous Royal Warrant) and 1946, when the colony of the Straits Settlements was dissolved, the Settlement was represented in the Straits Settlements' coat of arms by the second quarter, Argent on a mount an areca nut palm tree Proper. The Areca-nut palm is the tree from which Penang (Pulau Pinang, Malay: "Areca-nut-palm Island") derives its name.
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Areca catechu is a medium-sized palm tree, growing straight to tall, with a trunk in diameter. The leaves are long, pinnate, with numerous, crowded leaflets.
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Areca ipot, the Ipot palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is endemic to the Philippines. It is threatened by habitat loss.
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Arecanut plantation in Karnataka Areca nut is not a native crop of India. It is generally believed to be native to Malaysia or Philippines where it is grown in many varieties. It is a tropical crop which grows from West Indies to the East Coast of Africa, and in Bangladesh, China, Sri Lanka and Malaya. The practice of chewing the areca nuts is attributed to Vietnam and Malaysia.
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The most common forest type found on Penang Hill is the hill dipterocarp forest.Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang: Areca Books.
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In the Indian subcontinent, the Middle-East and South-East Asia, tobacco may be combined in a quid or paan with other ingredients such as betel leaf, Areca nut and slaked lime. Use of Areca nut is associated with oral submucous fibrosis. An appearance termed Betel chewer's mucosa describes morsicatio buccarum with red-staining of mucosa due to betel quid ingredients. In Scandinavian countries, snus, a variant of dry snuff, is sometimes used.
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Some products are made from a mixture of PLA and pulp fibers that are molded into disposable foodservice items with heat and pressure. Others are made from a composite or mixture of starch and other materials, such as limestone and recycled fibers, to give them additional strength. Areca palm plates are made from dry fallen leaves from the Areca catechu palm (betel tree). This trees shed the old dried leaves along with their sheath.
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Dopaminergic stimulants like amphetamine, methamphetamine, cocaine, MDMA, and methylphenidate are euphoriants. Nicotine is a parasympathetic stimulant that acts as a mild euphoriant in some people. Chewing areca nut (seeds from the Areca catechu palm) with slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) – a common practice in South- and Southeast Asia – produces stimulant effects and euphoria. The major psychoactive ingredients – arecoline (a muscarinic receptor partial agonist) and arecaidine (a GABA reuptake inhibitor) – are responsible for the euphoric effect.
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Leucopelargonidin is a colorless chemical compound related to leucoanthocyanins. It can be found in Albizia lebbeck (East Indian walnut), in the fruit of Anacardium occidentale (Cashew), in the fruit of Areca catechu (Areca nut), in the fruit of Hydnocarpus wightiana (Hindi Chaulmoogra), in the rhizome of Rumex hymenosepalus (Arizona dock), in Zea mays (Corn) and in Ziziphus jujuba (Chinese date).Leucopelargonidin on liberherbarum.com (+)-Leucopelargonidin can be synthesized from (+)-aromadendrin by sodium borohydride reduction.
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Manicasothy Saravanamuttu, The Sara Saga, Areca Books, 2010, p. 8 Manicasothy's eldest brother, Ratnajothi, later known as Sir Ratnasothy Saravanamuttu, was a medical practitioner who became the first elected Mayor of Colombo. He was knighted for staying at his post when the Japanese bombed Colombo on Easter Sunday 1942 and reorganising the public services when the port area was evacuated in the panic that followed the bombing.Manicasothy Saravanamuttu, The Sara Saga, Areca Books, 2010, p.
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Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang: Areca Books. The baobab is native to most of Africa, especially in drier, less tropical climates.
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Areca nut has emerged as a main crop along with coconut, paddy, black pepper, vanilla, cocoa, banana, and vegetables. Rubber plantations have been introduced in non-agricultural land and dry land.
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A 2014 review found there is "a number of ethnically linked smokeless tobacco types that contain areca nut, a Group 1 carcinogen. Use of areca nut-containing smokeless tobacco is known to cause oral cancer, yet despite this, prevalence is increasing in the Western Pacific." N-nitrosonornicotine and ketone are group 1 carcinogens to humans. These two nitrosamines found in smokeless tobacco products are the main agents for the majority of cancers in smokeless tobacco users.
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It is extensively used in Hindu religious rites of birth, marriage, nuptial and is also offered to guests as a mark of hospitality. It is offered to gods in veneration in the form of taamboola, which consists of one areca nut placed over two betel leaves. Areca nut is extensively used as a masticator in south and southeast Asian counties, chewed with or without betel leaves. However, in India it has a special ethno-religious importance.
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Although Pepper, Ginger, Turmeric Etc. where cultivated; paddy was the main item of cultivation in olden time. But now Rubber, Areca nut,Tapioca and Coconut etc. occupy the place of paddy field.
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Sun Yat Sen in Penang. Areca publishing. , . Other international movies have used Penang a substitute location -- Indochine (1992),Paradise Road (1997), Anna and The King (1999), The Touch (2002), and Lust, Caution (2007).
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Stall selling betel quid Chewing betel, paan and Areca is known to be a strong risk factor for developing oral cancer even in the absence of tobacco. It increases the rate of oral cancer 2.1 times, through a variety of genetic and related effects through local irritation of the mucous membrane cells, particularly from the areca nut and slaked lime. In India where such practices are common, oral cancer represents up to 40% of all cancers, compared to just 4% in the UK.
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The word derived from the Arabic word arak (عرق, arq), meaning 'distillate'. In the Middle East and Near East, the term arak is usually used for liquor distilled from grapes and flavored with anise. Unlike arak, the word arrack has been considered by some experts to be derived from areca nut, a palm seed originating in India from the areca tree and used as the basis for many varieties of arrack. In 1838, Samuel Morewood's work on the histories of liquors was published.
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Ko Mak (, ) is a small island of Trat Province, Thailand. It is a subdistrict (tambon) of Ko Kut District. The island is named after the areca nut (หมาก), also known as the "betel nut".
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Areca novohibernica is a plant species native to the Solomon Islands and the Bismarck Archipelago in the Pacific Ocean east of New Guinea.Beccari, Odoardo. 1914. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 52: 23.
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Areca glandiformis is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in the Maluku Islands, Indonesia. It is threatened by habitat loss by increasing agriculture and forest management activities.
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Early instars are dark yellow. It shows a twig-like posture when at rest. Eggs are thick, elongate-oval disc-shaped. Larvae have been recorded on Mangifera, Terminalia, Eugenia, Areca, Rhizophora and Nephelium species.
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SpeedFan also monitors S.M.A.R.T. readings for EIDE, SATA and SCSI hard disks. Starting with version 4.35, SpeedFan fully supports Areca RAID controllers. Version 4.38 added full support for AMCC/3ware SATA and RAID controllers.
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Marcelo was born in 1869 at Malibay, Pasay. She belongs to an upper class family that owns an areca nut farm. She married Quirico Lugo, a man from Aguho, Pateros, and bore him a son.
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While the Indonesian Independence Day celebrated in August annually is enliven with street contest and other typical independence day competitions such as climbing Areca nut palm, sack racing, tug of war, street marching and others.
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According to traditional Ayurvedic medicine, chewing areca nut and betel leaf is a remedy for bad breath.Naveen Pattnaik, The Tree of Life In South Asia, it was a custom to chew areca or betel nut and betel leaf among lovers because of the breath-freshening and stimulant drug properties of the mixture. Both the nut and the leaf are mild stimulants and can be addictive with repeated use. The betel nut will also cause dental decay and red or black staining of teeth when chewed.
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These pots are filled with newly harvested food grains and are offered with betel leaves and areca nut. Its observance takes place on a rather subdued note, unlike major festivals of the region like Ganesh chaturthi.
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This place relies on the agricultural products. Primarily, Areca, Paddy (unmilled rice) and Sugar cane are grown. This place is well suited for plantations and farming. People grow Black Pepper, Coffee and other spices as well.
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He organised a nationwide anti- opium conference in the spring of 1906 that was attended by approximately 3000 people.Cooray, Francis; Nasution Khoo Salma. Redoutable Reformer: The Life and Times of Cheah Cheang Lim. Areca Books, 2015.
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The economy of Abbalagere consists primarily of agriculture. Farmers in this area grow areca nut, plantation crops, paddy, and maize. Many villagers commute daily to the nearby city of Shimoga. Abbalagere was once known for tobacco production.
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Penang: Areca Books. The greatest diversity of Dipterocarpaceae occurs in Borneo.Ashton, P.S. Dipterocarpaceae. Flora Malesiana, 1982 Series I, 92: 237-552 Some species are now endangered as a result of overcutting, extensive illegal logging, and habitat conversion.
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The name, Penang, comes from the modern Malay name Pulau Pinang, which means The Island of the Areca Nut Palm (Areca catechu). The State of Penang is also referred to as the Pearl of the Orient and Pulau Pinang Pulau Mutiara (Penang Island, The Island of Pearls). Penang Island was originally known by native seafarers as Pulau Ka-Satu, meaning The First Island, because it was the largest island encountered on the trading sea-route between Lingga and Kedah. Similarly, the Siamese, then the overlord of Kedah, referred to the island as Koh Maak ().
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The majority of the people are farmers, mostly cultivating rice, tea, Areca nuts, ginger, Mushroom etc. Because of its open border most of the people have free access to India where they go for Trading Goods, Shopping and medication to the adjoining Indian market Naxalbari. To and fro illegal trade between the two areas is also present mostly in Areca nuts, ginger, paddy and timber. Many people here are working in several Government and Private sectors and more than 2% of people are working as an Indian and British Army.
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In Assam, India, betel nut is traditionally offered as a mark of respect and auspicious beginnings. Paan-tamul (betel leaves and raw areca nut) may be offered to guests after tea or meals, served in a brass plate with stands called bota. The areca nut also appears as a fertility symbol in religious and marriage ceremonies. When showing respect to elders or asking for forgiveness, people, especially newlyweds place a pair of paan-tamul on a xorai, place it in front of the elder and bow to show respect.
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The ancient War-Khasi people of India worked with the aerial roots of native banyan fig trees, adapting them to create footbridges over watercourses. Modern people of the Cherrapunjee region carry on this traditional building craft. Roots selected for bridge spans are supported and guided in darkness as they are being formed, by threading long, thin, supple banyan roots through tubes made from hollowed-out trunks of woody grasses. Preferred species for the tubes are either bamboo or areca palm, or 'kwai' in Khasi, which they cultivate for areca nuts.
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In according to folk-story "Hùng Vương Ngọc Phả" (Family tree of Hung King) one of 50 son of Kinh Dương Vương there was Lưu Lang, who joined with Mother Âu Cơ and settled to northern mountain area of Van Lang. Luu Lang is considered as Ancestor of all Vietnamese/Kinh people possessed surname Luu. And other folktale: "Sự tích trầu cau" - Legend of areca nuts and betel leaves, its mentioned about a Landlord with surname Luu. The offering of areca nuts and betel leaves to the ancestors is a Vietnamese wedding ritual.
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In Cambodia, the black, very hard wood is used for pickets in dams, the manufacture of boards and as ribs in umbrellas. The green fruit may replace Areca nut in the betel quid. The leaf buds are edible.
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An Assamese meal is generally concluded with the chewing of Tamul (). Pieces of Betel nut (Areca Catechu) are eaten in combination with Betel leaf (Piper betle), edible limestone and tobacco. It is a routine item after every meal.
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People here are mainly into farming business and are planters of rubber trees, coconut trees, areca nut trees etc. The road through the village leads to another village named Poozhithode which is a hilly area of reserved forests.
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Areca chaiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a tree endemic to Borneo. It is threatened by habitat loss but occurs in Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary and Semengoh Arboretum near Kuching, Sawak.
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Balehonnur is dominated by coffee estates. Some prominent products of this area are areca nut, pepper, vanilla, and other spices. Even though Balehonnur is not officially a taluk, it has various educational institutions, hospitals, and a commercial center.
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Vast amounts of Areca nut can be found around the district. Mango and Breadfruit also can be found in a reasonable quantity. Almost every house in the district have a Mango tree despite a few houses built recently.
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Agriculture is the main economic activity of the taluk, with paddy, coconut, areca nut, and cashew as the main crops. Rubber trees and other commercial crops like sugarcane and groundnuts are also cultivated in certain parts of the taluk.
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Areca parens is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is threatened by habitat loss and listed on the IUCN Red List as Vulnerable.
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There were plantations growing coconut, Areca and Betel. Portuguese influence brought the growth of onion, tobacco and ground nut into practice. Many large tanks called Bukkasamudram, Vyasasamudram, Krishnarayasagara, Sadashivasagara, Maiviru Magada, Kamalapurasagara, Rayavakaluve, Basavanakaluve were constructed. many people adopted many religions.
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Thottilpalam is one of the major agricultural areas in Kozhikode district. The main cash crops are: Cloves(Grambu) Nutmeg, coconut, areca nut, ginger, turmeric, and pepper. So this area is called as Malayoram. As Thottilpalam is the foot hills of Malayoram,.
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The main economic activity of the village is agriculture: rice, coconut, areca nuts, cashews and rubber are the major products. The Halady Tile Factory, which used to manufacture Mangalore Tiles during 20th Century, now mainly produces decorative tiles and bricks.
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Agriculture is the primary industry in Halnoor; crops include coconut, areca, paddy, jowar,vegitabales,flowers, tamarind mango and sapota.and some small scale Industries. Irrigation needs are supplied by two area lakes, one of which is fed with Hemavathi channel water.
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To prevent loss of previously backed up data during a backup, some backup software (e.g. Areca Backup, Argentum Backup) offer Transaction mechanism (with commit / rollback management) for all critical processes (such as backups or merges) to guarantee the backups' integrity.
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Gambier extract is used or has been used as a catechu for chewing with areca and betel, for tanning and dyeing, and as herbal medicine. Gambier extract was also used by native people in as a medical treatment / prevention for miasma.
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Taenaris catops, the silky owl, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in New Guinea and surrounding islands. The wingspan is 75–95 mm. The larvae feed on Cordyline terminalis, Musa species, Areca catechu and Caryota rumphiana.
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Among other things, the sale of crops such as marine fish, long-term crops such as coconut, areca nut and others that more levels of economic competition with other ethnic Jayapura in the same merchandise, and with a larger scale.
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People belonging to the Taridalu village grow very much maize, millet silk, areca nuts, tuberose etc. The major occupations of the residents of Taridalu are dairy farming. The dairy cooperative is the largest individual milk supplying cooperative in the state.
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The villagers of Agumbe are subsistence farmers. Rice and areca are grown. The Raksha Kavacha Weavers' Cooperative Society represents the beginnings of cottage industry in the village.Veerendra P. M. "Spinning a wheel of change in naxal-hit villages" The Hindu.
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Yêu nhau cau sáu bổ ba, Ghét nhau cau sáu bổ ra làm mười. Mỗi người một miếng trăm người, Có mười bảy quả hỏi người ghét yêu.Nguyễn Trọng Báu - (Giai thoại chữ và nghĩa) If we love each other, we will divide the areca nut into three wedges If we hate each other, we will divide the areca nut into ten wedges One wedge per person, a hundred of us With seventeen nuts, how many haters and lovers have we? With just four rhyming verses, the riddle sets up two linear equations with two unknowns.
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There are many varieties of Kolam and 'Yakshi, Pakshi, Madan, Marutha, Kalan Kolam (Kalari), Bhairavi and more are all performed here. 'Valia Kolam' which is big size Bhairavi Kolam (a fierce form of Bhadrakali Devi) and another giant variety known as 'Chattathel Kolam', are also usually manifested here on the last day of the festival. Chattathel Kolam uses 1001 areca sheaths and cannot be carried on the head but is pulled around the temple on hand carts and displayed in the temple compound thereafter. It's the only temple in the world which performs a kolam made of 1001 areca sheaths.
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Arecatannins are a class of condensed tannins in the sub-class procyanidins contained in the seeds of Areca catechu also called betel nut.Screening of various plant extracts used in ayurvedic medicine for inhibitory effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease. Ines Tomoco Kusumoto, Takeshi Nakabayashi1, Hiroaki Kida, Hirotsugu Miyashiro, Masao Hattori, Tsuneo Namba and Kunitada Shimotohno, Phytotherapy Research, Volume 9, Issue 3, May 1995, pp. 180–184, The arecatannin-type natural products from Ceylonese cassia bark and Areca seed are examples polyphenols by both current definitions, and fit the distinct definition of a polymeric phenol as well.
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In addition, Penang Island, ceded from the Kedah Sultanate in Malaya, became the fourth most important settlement, a presidency, of the company's Indian territories.Langdon, Marcus; "Penang: The Fourth Presidency of India 1805–1830, Volume One: Ships, Men and Mansions" , Areca Books, 2013.
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This species is endemic to Western Ghats. This species is found in Agasthyamalai, Cardamom Hills, Palni Hills, Anaimalai, Nilgiris, Waynad, Coorg and Kudremukh. It inhabits rainforest and adjacent plantations like coffee, cardamom and tea estates and even in Areca and vanilla plantations.
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Tirathaba mundella, the oil palm bunch moth, is a species of snout moth. It is found in Malaysia. The larvae feed on Areca catechu, Elaeis guineensis, Mangifera indica and Nephelium lappaceum. They bore into unopened spathes and feed on the tender floral parts.
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Charekone is a small village in Siddapura Taluk Uttara Kannada District, Karnataka State; Which is about from Sirsi and from Siddapur. It is nestled among the Western Ghats of Karnataka. Areca nut cultivation is the primary occupation of the people in this village.
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Amongst the flora in the gardens, most conspicuous are the cannon ball tree (Couroupita guianensis)Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang: Areca Books. and the large buttress roots of the sengkuang tree (Dracontomelon dao).
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Bentinckia nicobarica grows about 20m tall and girth is about 25 cm. The stems are used by the local people in house and fence construction. It is generally seen along with other palm species such as Areca catechu, Pinanga manii and Rhopaloblaste augusta.
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Bentinckia condapanna, the hill areca nut, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is found only in India. It is threatened by habitat loss. This palm is mainly found in the evergreen forests of Western Ghats of India.
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Betel leaf and Areca nut consumption in the world. The betel leaf is cultivated mostly in South and Southeast Asia, from Pakistan to Papua New Guinea. It needs a compatible tree or a long pole for support. Betel requires well-drained fertile soil.
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Gambier has been used as a form of catechu for chewing with areca nut. Particularly in the nineteenth century, it was economically important as a brown dye and tanning agent. It is still used as herbal medicine, and occasionally as a food additive.
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In a rural hill tribe in Northern Thailand, a villager smiles with stained teeth from her Betel Chew. Areca Catechu (Betel plant), Betel nut A kin mak basket The picture above shows a betel kit and the main ingredients needed for a traditional Thai chew.
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See table for Group 1 carcinogen agents in The harm caused by consumption of betel quid or areca nut by hundreds of millions of people worldwide (mainly with southern and eastern Asian origins and connections) has been characterized as a "neglected global public health emergency".
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Adagalale is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. , Census Village code= 1161300 Adagalale, Shimoga, Karnataka It is located in the Sagara taluka of Shimoga district in Karnataka. The people of Adagalale mainly depends on agriculture, the crops are paddy and Areca nut.
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A male adult was excavated in an open pit with stone and shell adzes. Ornamentations were shell disks with perforations near the ears and chest. Shells were of local material. Other materials were shell containers that are part of the areca nut chewing paraphernalia.
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Agriculture is the main occupation of the people in Karopady. One can see picturesque paddy fields throughout the area. Areca nut, coconuts, bananas, peppers, and cocoa are grown on a large scale in Karopady. Advanced techniques are utilised by the agriculturists of this area.
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Kunduthode is one of the major agricultural areas in Kozhikode district. The main cash crops are: Cloves (Grambu), nutmeg, coconut, areca nut, ginger, turmeric, and pepper. Many others are engaged in business and other jobs. There are hotels, banks, and rubber plantations in Kunduthode.
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This region has fertile soil which is best suited for growing coconut trees and Areca nuts. Farmers also cultivate wheat crop and Eleusine coracana, commonly known as Finger millet (ragi in Kannada). Wheat and Finger millet are annual plants widely grown as a cereal.
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More Than Merchants. Malaysia: Areca Books, 2006. Even though most of these other communities, including the Jews, are no longer extant, they lent their legacy to numerous street and place names such as the Dhammikarama Temple, Burmah Road, Armenian Street, Jewish Cemetery and Gottlieb Road.
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Desabhimani, 30 December 2008. Valla sadya is performed with a strict style. First, one who offers the feast has to invite the karanathan. On the day he has to put two 'nirapara's down the 'kodimaram' flag post, with betel, and tobacco and areca nut.
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The betel (Piper betle) is a vine of the family Piperaceae, which includes pepper and kava. Betel leaf is mostly consumed in Asia, and elsewhere in the world by some Asian emigrants, as betel quid or in paan, with Areca nut and/or tobacco. In India and Sri Lanka, a sheaf of betel leaves is traditionally offered as a mark of respect and auspicious beginnings. Occasions include greeting elders at wedding ceremonies, celebrating the New Year, and offering payment to Ayurvedic physicians and astrologers (to whom money and/or areca nut, placed on top of the sheaf of leaves, are offered in thanks for blessings).
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Its diet consists of a variety of berries, papaya, areca nuts, a wide variety of cultivated and wild fruit, seeds, and cultivated grains such as corn. It is a curious species, as it is often seen playing with sticks or other materials found in its environment.
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The seed contains alkaloids such as arecaidine and arecoline, which, when chewed, are intoxicating and slightly addictive. Areca palms are grown in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and many other Asian countries for their seeds. The seed also contains condensed tannins (procyanidins) called arecatannins which are carcinogenic.
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Bilkhawthlir is agriculture-dominated economy with a few service sector jobs. A large number of people cultivate betel nut (areca nut), oil palms, rice, wheat and fish which is both consumed and exported to other parts of Mizoram. It is often known as "City of Betel Nut".
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Bulletin No. 8. and a disease of areca caused by Phytophthora palmivora (then called P. arecae). He also studied a mycoplasma infection that affected sandal and caused sandal spike. Coleman mentored the Indian entomologist K. Kunhikannan and the mycologist M. J. Narasimhan who worked as his assistants.
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The economic mainstay of Chemperi is agriculture. Primary crops include rubber, coconut, pepper, cashew, tapioca, areca nut, and other plantation crops. Rubber occupies the largest land area among plantation crops. Recent increases in the price of rubber have improved the economic condition of many local families.
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Ochira panchayat is a purely agricultural area. The main crops in the land are Coconut and the areca nut. Beyond this there are several crops like banana, pepper, tapioca, colocasia, ginger, betel Leaf etc are also cultivated. Earlier 51% (2178 acres) of the total land area were paddy fields.
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The 1990s are marked by reunion among survivors of different generations, in an intellectual coalition for the review of values and texts as Argentina faced the end of the century. Some examples are Alan Pauls, Mario Areca, Aníbal Cristobo, Ernesto de Sanctis, Marco Denevi, Edgar Brau and some more.
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Penang: Areca Books. has been traced to the Arabic for 'goldsmith'. The small, yellowish flower grows in dense drooping rat-tail flower heads, almost like catkins. The curved hanging pods, with a bulge opposite each seed, split open into two twisted halves to reveal the hard, scarlet seeds.
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They do not walk in silence, but sing and dance along with the sounds of tifa (traditional music instrument). Along the way, the women bring some offerings like betel, areca nut, and traditional drink called sopi. Warga Negeri Naku Gelar Adat Cuci Negeri , AntaraNews.com. Diakses pada 16 December 2014.
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According to tradition, this festival was organized during legendary king Kullakottan in the original Koneswaram temple and was directed at the Kantalai Tank. During the festival local agriculturalists would congregate at the Kantalai Tank and offer boiled rice along with areca nut and betel leaves to the idols.
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Areca nut and the plant as a whole is used widely in India and South Asia as: a masticator for chewing purposes, vegetable, medicine, stimulant, timber, fuel wood, clothing, wrapping, lubricant, tannin and so forth. The nut is chewed with the betel leaf as it has a stimulating effect.
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In Cambodia, the palm is given the names sla snga:b (sla=palm/areca, snga:b=yawn, Lewitz & Rollet give it as sla sngap, this sort grows in coastal forests), sla khmau (khau=black, Lewitz & Rollet give sla tourlieng as another name for this variety) and sla kânndaôr (kânndaôr=mouse, Haynes & McLaughlin give the name as sla condor). The fruit of all of these Cambodian palms may replace areca nut in the betel quid, and sometimes the sla snga:b variety are used as bait in fishing, while the sla khmau and kânndaôr types have their terminal bud and pith of the trunk harvested for food. In Zhongguo/China a common name is hua shan zhu (Pinyin).
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These dealings may pose neutral, beneficial or even detrimental effects. For example, for biological events, if an individual's tinabawan (one of the three souls of an individual) is affected by their ancestral birua, who would most likely be offended or annoyed by the individual's behaviour or actions, the pulingaw would try to summon the birua and rectify the situation. During such rituals, areca nuts and fired clay beads are often used to summon birua or even for exorcising purposes. The areca nuts are also used as repellents for vengeful spirits, who are either animals or birua who had an unpleasant life prior to their deaths or they carried vengeful intentions during the deaths.
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Paan vendor at Bogyoke Market in Yangon, Myanmar Kwun-ya ( [kóːn.jà]) is the word for paan in Myanmar, formerly Burma, where the most common configuration for chewing is a betel vine leaf (Piper betel), areca nut (from Areca catechu), slaked lime (calcium hydroxide) and some aroma, although many betel chewers also use tobacco. Betel chewing has very long tradition in Burma, having been practised since before the beginning of recorded history. Until the 1960s, both men and women loved it and every household used to have a special lacquerware box for paan, called kun-it (), which would be offered to any visitor together with cheroots to smoke and green tea to drink.
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In Bangladesh, paan is chewed throughout the country by all classes and is an important element of Bangladeshi culture. It is the Bengali ‘chewing gum’, and usually for chewing, a few slices of the betel nut are wrapped in a betel leaf, almost always with sliced areca nuts and often with calcium hydroxide (slaked lime), and may include cinnamon, clove, cardamom, catechu (khoyer), grated coconut and other spices for extra flavouring. As it is chewed, the peppery taste is savoured, along with the warm feeling and alertness it gives (similar to drinking a fresh cup of coffee). Paan-shupari (shupari being Bengali for areca nut) is a veritable Bangladeshi archetypal imagery, employed in wide-ranging contexts.
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Kechery is a place which has its own multifaceted culture and heritage. You can find a mosaic of different cultures, religious and lineages. Kechery is on the bank of the river Kechery Puzha, which is named after the village. There is an old areca nut market known throughout the country.
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Amruthur is a town (hobli) in Kunigal taluk, Tumkur district, Karnataka, India. It is situated in a valley created by the rivers Shimsha, Veera- vaishnavi and Nagini. It is irrigated by the Markonhalli and Mangala reservoirs and a series of tanks. Amruthur is surrounded by paddy fields and areca-nut gardens.
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Pangode and Kallara are adjoining villages 45 km northeast of the capital of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram. These villages had been in the attention of Travancore Royal Family and later that of the representatives of the British Raj because the area was known for spices such as pepper, ginger, areca nut and betel.
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The name "Kutu Ma Kutu" is a Neologism that refers as the word kutu kutu mean something that is hard when chewing it and the word supari dana means Areca nut. The word is usually used to invite someone to a function than you chew the nut to accept the invitation.
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Most of the Western Ghat endemic plants are associated with evergreen forests. The region also shares several plant species with Sri Lanka. The higher altitude forests were, if at all, sparsely populated with tribal people. Rice cultivation in the fertile valley proceeded gardens of early commercial crops like areca nut and pepper.
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The peasants lived under the shady groves beyond the Marutam land. Each house had jack, coconut, palm, areca and plantain trees. Turmeric plants were grown in front of the houses and flower gardens were laid in between the houses. The Mullai people undertook the cultivation of fruit trees and crops for cattle.
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Kayakkunn is a village and one of the main residential areas in the Wayanad district of Kerala, which reaches from Panamaram to Mananthavady along the Sultan Battery State Highway. Agriculture is the primary source of income, and crops include rice, coconut, coffee, pepper, ginger, cardamom, vanilla, rubber, areca nut, and cocoa beans.
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Hainuwele had a remarkable talent: when she defecated she excreted valuable items. Thanks to these, Ameta became very rich. Hainuwele attended a dance that was to last for nine nights at a place known as Tamene Siwa. In this dance, it was traditional for girls to distribute areca nuts to the men.
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Honnavar taluk has Arabian Sea to the west, Kumta Taluk to the North, Siddapur and Sagar taluks to the east and Bhatkal taluk to the south. The western part of the taluk towards Arabian sea is a plain with Paddy fields, Coconut and Areca plantation while the eastern part has Sahyadri hill range.
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Cultivation of areca nut palm and betel leaves is common in rural areas of these countries, being a traditional cash crop, and the utensils used for preparation are often treasured. Now, many young people have given up the habit, especially in urban areas, but many, especially older people, still keep to the tradition.
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Its make-up materials are taken from the nature, like Spathe of Areca palm ('paala in Malayalam), Terra-cota powder, and charcoal and turmeric powder. There are different varieties of effigies to represent like Yakshi palkshi, kaalan, kuthira Maadanm marutha. Pisach,Ganapathi,Bhairavi and kaajiramaala. There are effigies with masks and crowns.
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Fuvahmulah City (Dhivehi: ފުވައްމުލައް) is an island (atoll) in the Maldives. It is under Maldives administrative divisions of Gnaviyani Atoll or Nyaviyani Atoll. The inhabitants speak a distinctive form of the Dhivehi language, known as "Fuvahmoloke baha". Fuvahmulah means "Island of the Areca nut palms", Fuvah (or "Fuva") in the local language.
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As regards the cultivation of areca nut and betel leaf in Kamarupa, it find a mention not only in the Nagaon inscription of Balavarman III but also in the Aphshad inscription of Adityasena (circa 672 A. D.) wherein the betel plants being in full bloom on the banks of the Brahmaputra is stated. The Nagaon inscription describes the areca nut trees within Pragjyotishpura being wrapped by the betel creepers (pan), a system of growing pan which persists till today. Pragjyotishpur was, even in the ancient times, noted for its betel-nut groves which subsequently gave the name Guwahati to this town. The presents sent by Bhaskaravarman to Sri Harsha, about 606 A.D. included sugar in the form of liquid molasses in earthenware pots.
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Most of the inhabitants of the village are farmers. Rubber, coconut, ramboottan, cashew, cocoa, areca nut, pepper, nutmeg, coffee and vegetables are cultivated here in abundance. People here are very much active in politics and religious activities. Political parties with good number of supporters include the Indian National Congress, CPI(M) and Kerala Congress(M).
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The village is the centre of a fertile agricultural region. There are paddy fields, coconut trees, cashew nut trees and areca nuts plants. Other sources of employment are Beedi-cigar works, weaving, earthen ware pottery (at Koyappara). Clothes are made at Saliya theru (weavers' market), and bronze vessels such as lamps and sculptures at Moosarikkovval.
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The main crops of Punacha village are paddy, coconut, areca nut, jasmine, black pepper, rubber and cocoa. Paddy is generally cultivated during three seasons in a year, Karthika or Yenel (May–October), Suggi (October to January) and Kolake (January to April). There are some farmers who do dairy farming, poultry etc. for their livelihood.
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Kolam are made on areca palm sheaths by painting with natural dyes. Trained dancers wear them as masks along with breast plates of the same material and perform to the tune of songs meant for them with accompaniment from the thappu percussion instrument. Kumbha Bharani, Meena Bharani, Shivaratri, Navaratri, Thrikkarthika etc. are all celebrated.
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Nyamati is famous in vegetable production (green chili) and also for areca sales from Malnad areas. Interesting place for visit is Raghavendraswamy Math at Honnali is an age old pilgrim center about 14 km away. Also the weekly market held on all Wednesdays near to Taluk Office. The nearest town is Savalanga, 9 km south-west.
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Jayapura is a small town in Koppa taluk of Chikkamagaluru district of Karnataka, India. This town lies in the Western ghats. Agriculture is the main occupation with coffee, areca and paddy the major crops.first Jayapura was also known as solle bail according to the senior citizens of Jayapura this name is given to Jayapura by Mysore odeyars.
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Mailu is an island that has been inhabited since ancient times.J T Clark & J Terrell , Archaeology in Oceania, Annual Review of Anthropology It is located 8 km south of the New Guinean coast. Bananas, taro, yams, betel, sugarcane, as well as coconut, areca nut and sago palms grow on the island. The village is located on the NE shores.
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Betel quid chewing has always been an important part of Thai culture and tradition. In the past, Betel chewing was a popular daily activity among Thais all over the country. Betel comes from the plant known as Areca catechu, which grows wild all over Thailand and is known as หมาก (maak).มูลนิธิสารานุกรมวัฒนธรรมไทย. (๒๕๔๒). สารานุกรมวัฒนธรรมไทย ภาคเหนือ เล่ม ๑๔ สุวัณณะจักก่าตำ – เหตุหื้อวินาสฉิบหาย.
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It is surrounded by of coconut trees, Areca nut palm trees, shrubs, herbs and rice paddy fields, providing a habitat for peacocks, ducks and migratory birds in winter. This village is partly surrounded by the Haridravathi River, a tributary of the Tunga Bhadra River which flows 365 days of a year, providing water for farming, drinking water.
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Dypsis lutescens, also known as golden cane palm, areca palm, yellow palm, or butterfly palm, is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae, native to Madagascar and naturalized in the Andaman Islands, Réunion, El Salvador, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Canary Islands, southern Florida, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, the Leeward Islands and the Leeward Antilles.
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In 1961, George Town's trolleybus system was discontinued. Henceforth, Penang's urban public transport system came to be dominated by regular public buses.Francis, Ric & Ganley, Colin: Penang trams, trolleybuses & railways: municipal transport history, 1880s–1963. Areca Books: Penang, 2006 However, the public bus services, which were operated by a number of competing private companies, were deemed unsatisfactory.
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In 2006, Xiangtan's nominal GDP was ¥42.2 billion (US$6.2 billion), a year-on-year growth of 13.2% from the previous year. Its per capita GDP was ¥15,455 (US$2,265). Xiangtan is famous for its production of Lotus seed and Soy sauce. People in Xiangtan like to chew areca nut (), though the area itself doesn't grow them.
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Kayakkunnu is a village near Nadavayal, Mananthavady in the Wayanad District of Kerala, India. The village is part of the Panamaram Panchayath, and the assembly constituency is Mananthavady (North Wayanad). It is an agricultural area and its main crops include rice, coffee, pepper, ginger, cardamom, vanilla, rubber, areca nut, and coconut. The nearest towns are Nadavayal and Panamaram.
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India census Pady had a population of 6640 with 3309 males and 3331 females. The common income of Pady is agriculture which includes Rice, coconut, areca nut etc. Pady is found of Theyyam is a popular Hindu ritual form of worship. Pady is having mainly two temples named as Kailar (Shiva temple) temple and bellur (Vishnu temple) temple.
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As of the 2011 Indian census data, Alakode has a population of 33,173 with 16,289 males and 16,884 females. Most of the people in Alakode are engaged in agriculture or business. The area is known for exporting hill products like rubber, dry copra, pepper, areca nut, etc. to the industries located in the northern parts of India.
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Senegalia catechu flowers The tree's seeds are a good source of protein.World AgroForestry Database Kattha (catechu), an extract of its heartwood, is used as an ingredient to give red color and typical flavor to paan. Paan is an Indian and Southeast Asian tradition of chewing betel leaf (Piper betle) with areca nut and slaked lime paste.
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The ritual is mostly performed during the evening time. In this ritual, first earthen lamps are lit under the tree. Then, an offering of or is made along with four pairs of betel leaf and areca nuts, Banana Khar and vegetable curry. The Poka- panthis also sacrifice the birds and cook the meat along with Korai guri.
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Betel leaves at a market in Mandalay, Burma Paan (from , lit. leaf,Oxford Dictionary paan cognate with English fern) is a preparation combining betel leaf with areca nut widely consumed throughout Southeast Asia, South Asia (Indian subcontinent) and East Asia (mainly Taiwan). It is chewed for its stimulant effects. After chewing, it is either spat out or swallowed.
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A shrine dedicated to Kochunni is attached to Edappara Maladevar Nada Temple near Kozhencherry that dates back more than one and a half centuries. People there offer candles, incense sticks, ganja, country-made liquor, betel leaves, pan, areca nut, tobacco, etc. to propitiate the deity. There is a small museum at Varanappallil, an ancestral house in Kayamkulam for Kochunni.
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When Germany surrendered the surviving submarines were taken by the Japanese and the German sailors moved to Batu Pahat.U-boat Base – Penang, Khoo Salma Nasution, More Than Merchants, Areca Books, pp. 104–116 When the British returned in 1945 the sailors were imprisoned at Changi, with the last, Fregattenkapitän Wilhelm Dommes, being repatriated to Germany in 1947.
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Other places in the world like Penang in Malaysia and Guwahati in Assam, India, are also named after this nut. The original name of the island could have been Mulah, but was called Fuvahmulah (the Mulah with the areca nut palms) to distinguish it from Boli Mulah – another island in ancient Maldives.Divehiraajjege Jōgrafīge Vanavaru. Muhammadu Ibrahim Lutfee. G.Sōsanī.
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Namam, Patham, Jasmine, Coconut, Bananas, lemons, betel and areca nut are considered auspicious objects and are kept and treated sacredly. Including all these a Panividai is kept in the Kamanam assumed religiously as for inviting Ayya there in the marriage -shed. No other objects such as arathi, Camphor or fragrant sticks are used in the Ayyavazhi marriages.
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Kadakkal town is an important business centre. Kadakkal Chantha (Market) is famous, especially for its agrarian commodity business like coconut, areca nut, copra, tapioca, rubber, etc. Kadakkal Grama Panchayat is a Special Grade Panchayat. It spreads over an area of 48.9 km2 and has a population of 45291 with 21749 males and 23542 females, according to 2001 census.
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Areca Books: Penang, 2006 With improved access to education, a greater level of participation in municipal affairs by its Asian residents and substantial press freedom, George Town was perceived as being more intellectually receptive than Singapore. The city became a magnet for well known English authors, Asian intellectuals and revolutionaries, including Rudyard Kipling, Somerset Maugham and Sun Yat-sen.
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Mullathpara is an Agricultural society, and gulf orient income the main products include rubber, plantain, cinnamon, pepper, coconut, areca nut, rice, banana, etc. It is expected great changes is going to happen here after the completion of major bypass in Palakkad - Kozhikode Highway. It will change the structure of the geographical alignment. here situated irrigation canal for agriculture purpose.
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The luxuriant growth of palms is the most characteristic feature of the vegetation. Betel nut palm or supari (Areca catechu) plantations are more and more abundant towards the north and the west of the district and grow almost lie forests. Coconut are grown abundantly throughout the district. Toddy palms or tal (Borassus flabellifer) and date palms or khejur are also very common.
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Kuttikole has an agriculture-based economy, and produces areca nut, coconut, cashew nut, and rubber. It has a tropical climate, with hot humid weather most of the year. The village economy is becoming more dependent on jobs in construction and industry. The village has a staunch communist base politically; they have played a significant part in development of the village.
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Paan chini, chini paan or sinifaan is a tradition to give two betel leaves and areca nuts to the guests at any auspicious occasion. Thus the name was derived from the servings. 'Paan' (betel leaf) being served with silver foil signals festivity and during such propitious occasions it is also common to bring sweets. These gestures friendship and a heartening promise.
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Oral cancer is the third-most-common form of cancer in India with over 77 000 new cases diagnosed in 2012 (2.3:1 male to female ratio). Studies estimate over five deaths per hour. One of the reasons behind such high incidence might be popularity of betel and areca nuts, which are considered to be risk factors for development of oral cavity cancers.
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Eva Lee Kwok (born ) is a Malaysian-born Canadian business executive and investor. She is currently based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. She spent her early life in Penang, where she attended St. George's Girls' School.Khoo Salma Nasution, Alison Hayes & Sehra Yeap Zimbulis: Giving Our Best: The Story of St George's Girls' School, Penang, 1885-2010, Areca Books, 2010, p. 189.
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Betel-nuts leaves and areca nut leaves were common for injuries, chewed and then applied. Sambong was used to treat kidney stones, rheumatism, coughs, colds, hypertension, and diarrhea . Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) Spanish historian Miguel de Loarca said the natives were “good physicians and had a remedy for every poison.” The seeds of the igasud were chewed as an antidode for poison.
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The economy of Hebri is Mainly dependent on agriculture apart from it Rice(Paddy), areca nut, coconut, cashew nut. Nowadays rubber is also grown on foothills of western ghats. There are many factories which process cashew nut, coconut and rice particularly parboiled rice in and around Hebri. Hebri has a number schools, colleges, Public Health Centre (PHC), and a petrol pump.
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Main agricultural products are coconut, areca and betel leaf. Arecanut and betel leaves are exporting to North India & Pakistan through nearest local markets like Thalakkadathur and Pan Bazar(Tirur) respectively via rail and road. Before 15 years this area had a lot of paddy fields, later it is land filled for housing purpose more over nowadays agriculture is a failed business.
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India census, Choondal had a population of 11719 with 5478 males and 6241 females. Choondal is about 20 kilometers away from Thrissur, where you can see a panoramic view of green grass fields. This place is known in Thrissur District for its educational Institutions, hospitals and places of worship. Paddy, coconut and Areca nut are the major produces of this village.
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The plant species Alpinia rechingeri, Areca rechingeriana, Balaka rechingeriana, Berberis rechingeri, Carduus rechingeri, Carex rechingeri, Celsia rechingeri, Euphrasia rechingeri, Galeopsis rechingeri, Guillainia rechingeri,Laportea rechingeri, Lycianthes rechingeri, Mariscus rechingeri, Masdevallia rechinergiana, Melolhria rechingeri, Oncidium rechingerianum, Ophrys rechingeri, Pandanus rechingerii, Pelasites rechingeri, Piper rechingeri, Primula rechingeri, Schomburgkia rechingerana, Solanum rechingeri, Syzygium rechingeri, Tylophora rechingeri and Wedelia rechingeriana are named after him.
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Harisinga area has very fertile land suitable for agricultural production- mainly Rice, Maah (Lentil), Potato, Onion, Garlic, Ginger, Tomatoes, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brinjal and other vegetables. Different fruits like Banana, Berries, Mangoes, Coconuts, Tamol (Areca nuts) etc. are produced in abundance in the region. Fisheries play a significant role towards the socio-economic up-liftmen of the common people of Harisinga development block.
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Betel nut refers to the seed of Areca catechu, or betel palm, which, like Cocos nucifera (coconut palm), belongs to family Arecaceae. It is an evergreen tree whose trunk can grow as tall as twenty meters. The word binlan originated from Indonesian. Betel nut was initially used as a herbal plant, although in modern times it is mostly taken for its stimulating properties.
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The primary use of betel leaf is as a wrapper for the chewing of areca nut or tobacco, where it is mainly used to add flavour. It may also be used in cooking, usually raw, for its peppery taste. Use of binglang, or betel, has over a 300 year history in areas of China where it was once promoted for medicinal use.
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Duggaladka is a place in Sullia taluk and village in the Dakshina Kannada district of the state of Karnataka, India. It is a small town, surrounded with evergreen wooded mountains in the Western Ghats range in South India. Duggaladka has plantations of rubber, areca nut, coconut, cashew nut, black pepper and banana. State highway that connects Sullia and Kukke Subramanya runs through Duggaladka.
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Moreover, he undertook research on the Cheah history and lineage in China, the Cheah Kongsi history and the family cemetery, and came up with a pictorial compilation.Tan Kim Hong, The Chinese in Penang: A Pictorial History. Penang: Areca Books, 2007. In 1927, he was exempted from the obligation of attending the monthly meetings, due to his increasing commitment to the Federated Malay States.
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Scientific teams from Taiwan, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea have reported that women who chew areca nut formulations, such as paan, during pregnancy significantly increase adverse outcomes for the baby. The effects were similar to those reported for women who consume alcohol or tobacco during pregnancy. Lower birth weights, reduced birth length and early term were found to be significantly higher.
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Greater Narayanpur area has very fertile land suitable for agricultural production- mainly Rice, Maah (Lentil), Potato, Onion, Garlic, Ginger, Tomatoes, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brinjal and other vegetables. Different fruits like banana, berries, Mangoes, Coconuts, Tamol (Areca nuts) etc. are produced in abundance in the region. Fisheries play a significant role towards the socio-economic upliftment of the common people of Narayanpur development block.
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K. S. Eshwarappa was born in Bellary. His father Sharanappa moved to Shimoga in the early 1950s. His parents worked in the Bhoopalam Areca Mandi as daily wage workers. When young Eshwarappa also tried to go to work with his parents, his mother opposed the move and urged him to concentrate on his education and earn a good name in society.
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Smoking and alcohol abuse are the major risk factors. Viral causes has recently been taken under consideration as one of the risk factors. Viruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (majorly involved in causing nasopharyngeal carcinoma) and human papilloma virus are included in this category. Chewing of betel nut (Areca catechu) quid has been directly associated to cause oral cancers.
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Bina was born in Gembogl in the Eastern Highlands Province. After spending a year studying arts at the University of Papua New Guinea, Bina dropped out and joined the PNG Defence Force. In 1982, Bina served as an aide to PNG Governor-General Tore Lokoloko. After retiring from the military in 1984, he started a business selling Areca nut (buai in Tok Pisin).
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Rhynchophorus, or common name palm weevil, is a genus of beetles in the weevil family, Curculionidae. Palm weevils are major pests of various trees in the family Arecaceae throughout the tropics including: coconut (Cocos nucifera), Areca catechu, species of the genus Phoenix, and Metroxylon sagu.Giant palm weevils of the genus Rhynchophorus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their threat to Florida palms. Pest Alert.
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Leucoyanidin can be found in Aesculus hippocastanum (Horse chestnut), Anacardium occidentale (Cashew, acajou), Arachis hypogaea (peanut), Areca catechu (Areca nut), Asimina triloba (American custardapple), Cerasus vulgaris (Cherry), Cinnamomum camphora (Camphor), Erythroxylon coca (coca), Gleditsia triacanthos (Honey locust), Hamamelis virginiana (American Witch Hazel), Hippophae rhamnoides (Hippophae berry Sanddorn), Hordeum vulgare (Barley), Humulus lupulus (bine), Hypericum perforatum (perikon Amber), Laurus nobilis, Magnolia denudata (Hsin-I Yulan-Magnolie), Malva sylvestris (Blue mallow), Musa acuminata × balbisiana (Banana), Nelumbo nucifera (Baladi bean), Pinus strobus (Eastern white pine), Prunus serotina ssp. serotina (black cherry), Psidium guajava (Common guava), Quercus alba (White oak), Quercus robur (Common oak), Rumex hymenosepalus (Arizona dock), Schinus terebinthifolius (Brazilian pepper tree), Terminalia arjuna (arjun), Terminalia catappa (Indian almond), Theobroma cacao (Cacao), Drimia maritima (Sea Squill), Vicia faba (bell-bean), Vitis vinifera (common grape vine), Zea mays (corn, maize), and Ziziphus jujuba (jujube, Chinese date).
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For some families, wine is served instead of tea. Betel leaf with areca nut as traditional giftsThe bride and groom, in front of all their guests, will turn to their parents. Each parent will then give advice about marriage and family to the couple. A candle ceremony will follow, symbolizing the joining of the bride and groom and the joining of the two families.
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The campaign of use less plastic is promoted and plastic can be recycled. Locals encourage tourists to collect trash from the beach every Saturday as part of Ko Mak's Trash Hero activities. The descendants of the five original families of Ko Mak still live on the island. The occupations of those ancestors was collecting mak ling (Areca triandra), and cultivating coconut and rubber plantations.
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Agriculture is the lifeblood of the economy of the Misings. They grow different varieties of rice paddy, some of which they sow in spring for harvesting in summer, some others being transplanted during the rainy season and harvested in autumn. They also grow mustard, pulses, maize, vegetables, tobacco, bamboo, areca, etc., chiefly for their own use, with the exception of mustard, which brings them some cash.
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On 30 November 1805, Nu went to Bengal for trading. He exported Areca nut or Betel nut through Hantharwaddy port of lower Burma and four towns in Arakan. Later he went to Arakan directly from Ava and based on that trip he wrote a poem with 55 Para. On 12 February 1807, Bodawpaya sent him to Bengal to retrieve religious, medical and other books.
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In addition to areca nut, nicotine, slaked lime, paraffin and catechu, it can be laced with thousands of chemicals. It is a powdery, granular, light brownish to white substance. Within moments of chewing mixing with saliva, the gutkha begins to dissolve and turn deep red in colour. It may impart upon its user a "buzz" somewhat more intense than that of tobacco chewing, snuffing and smoking.
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Females descend to the ground to lay eggs in soil during the monsoons. About four eggs are laid which hatch after fifty days or so. In a population estimate made in an areca plantation in the Western Ghats, the density was found to be about 13 per hectare. The population density was much lower, less than 2 per hectare, at Valparai which is at a higher altitude.
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"He may take a stand, he cannot take sides". While the būta may take the opinions of the village headman and other eminent persons into consideration, the ultimate judgement rests with the būta. Sometimes judgements are also issued by the tossing of betel leaves and the counting of flower petals (usually areca flower). Particularly difficult cases may also be adjourned to the next year by the būta.
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The vegetable is usually a cucumber or a coconut, wrapped in a piece of red silk cloth and decorated with flowers and jewels (mainly 'Pathak' (Kodava Mangalasuthra)). This is called the Kanni Puje. The word Kanni denotes the goddess Parvati, who incarnated as Kaveri. Three sets of betel leaves and areca nut are kept in front of the goddess with bunches of glass bangles.
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Hosahali is one of twin-villages Mattur-Hosahali, on the banks of the Tunga River in Karnataka state, southern India. It lies in an agricultural region where the main crop is the Areca nut. It is known for Sanskrit, Veda, Gamaka (story-telling) and Sangeetha (Carnatic music). From above, the village appears as a "Paa Ni Pee Tha" (a seat with an extended hand).
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The stepmother tells Tam to climb on an areca tree to gather its fruit for the ceremony. While Tam is doing so, the stepmother chops down the tree, causing Tam to fall down and die. The stepmother takes Tam's clothes for Cam to wear. Cam goes to the king's palace and lies to him that Tam had unfortunately drowned in a pond by accident.
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During the reign of Vimaladharmasuriya I many steps were taken to develop and improve the economy of the Kingdom of Kandy. He took steps to improve the iron industry the Uva Province and agriculture in places such as Kothmale, Walapane, Harispaththuwa, Uva, Hewaheta, Udunuwara, Yatinuwara and Ududumbara. Imports of the Kandyan Kingdom included silk, tea, and sugar while exports included cinnamon, pepper and areca nut.
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Phytophthora palmivora is an oomycete that causes bud-rot of palms, fruit-rot or kole-roga of coconut and areca nut. These are among the most serious diseases caused by fungi and moulds in South India. It occurs almost every year in Malnad, Mysore, North & South Kanara, Malabar and other areas. Similar diseases of palms are also known to occur in Sri Lanka, Mauritius, and Sumatra.
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There are few handful artisan and construction, quarry working-class families. There are no landless or homeless families in Rajamudy. Major crops grown here are black pepper vines, cocoa, coffee-beans, aromatic spices like clove, jathi, sarvasugandhi, edible items like ginger, turmeric, tapioca cassava and commercial crops & tree-based farming items like rubber, coconut trees, areca palm etc. and very few families cultivate vegetables too.
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The Khasis first came in contact with the British in 1823, after the latter captured Assam. The area inhabited by the Khasis became a part of the Assam province after the Khasi Hill States (which numbered to about 25 kingdoms) entered into a subsidiary alliance with the British. The main crops produced by the Khasi people are betel leaf, areca nut, oranges, local Khasi rice and vegetables.
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Cigarette smoking may produce a diffuse leukoplakia of the buccal mucosa, lips, tongue and rarely the floor of mouth. Reverse smoking, where the lit end of the cigarette is held in the mouth is also associated with mucosal changes. Tobacco chewing, e.g. betel leaf and areca nut, called paan, tends to produce a distinctive white patch in a buccal sulcus termed "tobacco pouch keratosis".
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Recently, commerce has shifted to the area around the new bus depot and the road towards Kannur, with many new buildings, including hospitals and flats being built or planned. Nut Street is the distribution center for nuts, including coconuts and areca nuts. Produce flows to collection outlets and is dried, packed, and transported to other states. Northern Kerala is well known for the production of coconuts.
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It is the biggest kolam and uses many laths of the areca tree. The kolam is headed by more than one person due to its heavy weight. After the kolam thullal is over, there will be ritual called Pooppada which is the end of the padayani festival. After that, the days of colours will be over and the colourful memories will be in the minds.
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Khoo Salma Nasution, The Chulia in Penang: Patronage and Place-making around the Kapitan Kling Mosque, 1786–1957. Penang: Areca Books, 2014. Cauder Mohuddeen Merican is known as the founder of the mosque and leader of the Chulias. In 1801 Sir George Leith, who was then Lieutenant Governor of Penang, appointed a prominent Indian Muslim leader, Cauder Mohudeen, as Captain of the South Indian “Keling” community.
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Nut Street is the largest market for coconut, areca nut etc. Produce flow to the collection outlets which are dried packed and transported to other states. as northern kerala is well known for the production of coconut, the nut street is always busy! Hospitals include CO-OP Hospital, Asha Hospital, Janatha Hospital, Ceeyam Hospital and a new specialty hospital (Parco) at the PT road junction.
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They circumambulate the Kalam three times before sitting. The serpents are worshiped in front of the Kalam and are offered Noorum Paalum (in MulluThara Devi Temple) (lime and milk). After the pooja, the head of the family who conducts the Sarppam thullal gives bunches of areca flowers to the performers who start dancing rhythmically. They are supposed to represent the serpent gods, who accept offerings and grant boons to the devotees.
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The major part of the village is paddy fields and farm lands. Main plantations include rice, coconut, areca nut, banana, pepper, mango and vegetables. Once the rice harvest is done the paddy fields are given to school going youths and home makers to cultivate fast growing vegetables like lady finger, (okra), tapioca, bitter melon, and peas. This is to impart the culture of farming to the new generation.
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However, Road To Dawn is the first international movie set in Penang. Road To Dawn fully exploits the multicultural setting of Penang, showing cultural diversity in ethnic communities, costumes, houses of worship and architectural heritage. Angelica Lee plays a young woman from the Straits Chinese (also called Baba Nyonya or peranakan) minority community.Goh Mai Loon and Khoo Salma Nasution, Road To Dawn: Filming in Penang, Areca Books, 2007.
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Light blue denotes the sea that surrounds Penang Island, white represents peace and yellow for the prosperity of the state. The areca-nut palm, known as pokok pinang in Malay, symbolises the tree from which Penang got its name. The tree and its grassy mount is centred within the middle white band. The flag was first adopted in 1949 after Penang became a component state of the Federation of Malaya.
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He did a large number of cinemas throughout Malaysia for the Shaw Brothers, a film production company which was the precursor to the Shaw Organization.Ruth Iversen Rollitt, 2015. Iversen: Architect of Ipoh and Modern Malaya. George Town, Penang: Areca Books. Iversen’s early works are sometimes described as Art Deco, but after World War II, his buildings became increasingly modern, and he became one of Southeast Asia’s most important modernists.
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Lands are categorised as wet or dry, and the river is diverted in summer for irrigation. Smaller streams generally dry up in midsummer, and monsoon rains fall from May to August. Up to three paddy crops are cultivated annually, depending on land type; dry land yields one crop and wet land two or three, depending on irrigation availability. Chewing betel leaves with chuna and areca nuts was popular.
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The Vijnan Institute of Science and Technology (VISAT), an engineering college established in the year 2011, is 2 km away from this town. The engineering college is AICTE approved and affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University(KTU). This college comes under the Vinjyan Charitable Trust. Most inhabitants are engaged in agriculture, farming and trading, with the main cash crops being rubber, paddy, coconut, areca nut, ginger, turmeric, 'kacholam' and pepper.
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In addition to this, a large variety of vegetables are grown in the state, including cauliflower, cabbages, and radishes. Areca nut plantations can be seen all over the state, especially around the road from Guwahati to Shillong. Other plantation crops like tea, coffee and cashews have been introduced lately and are becoming common. A large variety of spices, flowers, medicinal plants and mushrooms are grown in the state.
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The nearest market of Lower Fagu is Sombaray Bazar (Weekly Market organised on Monday/Sombaar). People go for weekly marketing on Monday and purchase their necessary household items. Ganti (Village market) is organised every Saturday just in front of Fagu tea factory where some local vendors sell locally cultivated items like vegetables, food items etc. The area is one of the leading supplier of Areca Nut ( betel nut).
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Subsequently, after the construction of the Penang Bridge in 1982-1985, the state coat of arms was changed to the present design, which can be blazoned as: :Shield: Barry wavy of ten Azure and Argent upon a chief Or a depiction of the Penang Bridge Proper :Crest: On a wreath of the Colours upon a mount a Pinang or Areca-nut palm leaved and fructed Proper :Motto: "Bersatu dan Setia".
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Rice is the predominant crop in high-rainfall areas and sorghum in low-rainfall areas. Other crops of significance include cotton, tobacco, oilseeds, and sugar cane. Coffee, tea, coconuts, areca, pepper, rubber, cashew nuts, tapioca, and cardamom are widely grown on plantations in the Nilgiri Hills and on the western slopes of the Western Ghats. Cultivation of Jatropha has recently received more attention due to the Jatropha incentives in India.
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Set in the 1940s British India, the film is about the extraordinary, uncanny and touching relationship between the so-called low- caste Ponthan Mada (Mammootty) and his colonial landlord Sheema Thampuran (Naseeruddin Shah), who was expelled to British India from England during his youth for supporting the Irish Republican Army. Crossing the class boundaries, the two communicate through Thampuran's window with Mada hanging from an areca palm tree.
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Sagara APMC is one of the main market for areca nut in Karnataka. Sagara has a relatively high number of Gudigars – families that for generations have been engaged in sandalwood and ivory carving. The Gudigar men make idols, figurines and knickknacks like penholders, agarbathi stands, cuff links, photo frames and paper clips; the women are adept at making garlands and wreaths out of thin layers of scraped sandalwood.
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The children song (Vietnamese: đồng dao) is used when playing this game: :Hàng trầu hàng cau The betel stall, the areca nut stall :Là hàng con gái Be stalls of girls :Hàng bánh hàng trái The cake stall, the fruit stall :Là hàng bà già Be stalls of old women :Hàng hương hàng hoa The incense stall, the flower stall :Là hàng cúng Phật. Be stalls for offering the Buddha.
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Original coat of arms of Penang, with motto added in 1950 The coat of arms as granted was blazoned: :Shield: Barry wavy of eight Azure and Argent upon a chief crenellée Or a plume of three ostrich feathers surmounted by a riband of the First on the riband the words Ich Dien in letters of the Third :Crest: On a wreath of the Colours upon a mount a Pinang or Areca-nut palm leaved and fructed Proper. The Prince of Wales's feathers and the motto Ich Dien referred to the fact that Penang was founded in 1786 as the Prince of Wales Island, while the blue and white bars are in reference to the Malacca Straits that surround Penang Island, separating it from Province Wellesley (now Seberang Perai) on the mainland. The Areca-nut palm on the crest represents the origins of the Island's name. The motto Bersatu dan Setia (Malay: "United and Loyal") was adopted by the Settlement Council of Penang in 1950.
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The women of the house where the ritual takes place performs the serpent dance (Sarpam Thullal. Austerities start seven or nine days before the day of the dance. They avoid eating food items that are considered to be impure. The canopy (pandal) where the serpent dance takes place is adorned with palm leaves, geranium flowers, jasmine flowers, chrysanthemum indicum, champaka, lotus, banyan leaf, betel leaf, ripe areca nut and branches of coconut flowers.
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This waterfall measures approximately in height and cascades from an oval-shaped concave rock outcrop. During the local wet season, the waterfall turns into what is said to resemble an areca flower with withering petals. But this is not the case in the dry season, where the flow of water reduces dramatically. The falls form part of the Ravana Ella Wildlife Sanctuary, and is located away from the local railway station at Ella.
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The state flag of Penang, a Malaysian state, consists of three vertical bands and an areca-nut palm on a grassy mount in the centre. All three bands are of equal width. From left to right, the colour of each band is light blue, white and yellow. The colours of the flag are derived from the tinctures of the coat of arms of Penang that was granted by King George VI in the 1940s.
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Mysore betel leaf is a variety of heart shaped betel (Piper betel) leaf grown in and around the region of Mysore. It is consumed as a betel quid or as paan, with or without tobacco. A sheaf of betel leaves is traditionally offered as a mark of respect and auspicious beginnings. Areca nut are kept on top of the sheaf of betel leaves and offered to the elders for their blessings and during wedding ceremonies.
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The Teh Kongsi or Teh Si Eng Eong Tong (鄭氏滎陽堂 / 郑氏荥阳堂) or Zhengshi Ying Yang Tang in Penang was first founded by Chung Keng Quee (Zheng Jinggui) in Kimberley Street.Binglang Yu Hua ren shi tu lu The Chinese in Penang: A Pictorial History By Kim Hong Tan, 陈剑虹, Published by Areca Books, 2007, , Page 67 Chung in the Hockien dialect is Teh.
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Hudoq performance in Upper Mahakam River, Borneo, Dutch East Indies circa 1896. According to the traditional beliefs of the Bahau, Busang, Modang, Ao’heng, and Penihing people, hudoqs are thirteen crop-destroying pests, including rats, boars, leopards, and crows. In the festival, the Hudoqs are symbolized by dancers who wear masks representing pests and jackets made of pinang (areca palm) or banana tree bark. The entire body is covered with frayed pinang palm leaves.
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With growing awareness of its harmful effects, the cultivation of betal vines and the areca nut palm has become isolated. With a scarcity of manpower, the land has been transformed to coconut production (popular in the local cuisine). Rice mills developed in the village during the 1950s, and coconut-oil mills are still in operation. Focus shifted to the cashew industry around 1990, and rice mills depend on supplies from Shimoga and Thirthahalli.
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This achieves connections up to the maximum offered by previous generations of the standard. In April 2019, Corning showed an optical Thunderbolt 3 cable at the 2019 NAB Show in Las Vegas, with no release date yet announced. In April 2020, Taiwanese company Areca released optical Thunderbolt 3 cables in lengths of , , and , but were seemingly discontinued a few months later. In September 2020 Corning released their optical Thunderbolt 3 cables in lengths of , , , , and .
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The Forests and Gardens Department was initially engaged mainly in the cultivation of essential commercial plants, inspecting crops and advising the planting community. When the department's work in connection with economic crops and forestry was taken over by the Agriculture and Forestry Departments, Curtis was appointed the first superintendent of the newly re-created Penang Botanic Gardens,Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May, 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang: Areca Books.
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Kittel in Adiga (2006), p48 A type of grain was harvested from a tall stout grass called Sejje.Chikkamagaluru inscription of 10th century (Adiga 2006, p49) Lands adjoining irrigation tanks were called maduvinamannu and was used for coconut and areca nut cultivation if the land was not extensive enough for paddy. Terrace type paddy cultivated land in the highlands was called makki. Millet, wheat (syamaka), barley and pulses were also cultivated to a smaller extent.
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The porridge is served to old women of the family as a way of preserving the child's life. In Central India, women of the Kol Tribe eat placenta to aid reproductive function. It is believed that consumption of placenta by a childless woman "may dispel the influences that keep her barren". The Kurtachi of the Solomon Islands mixed placenta into the mother's supply of powdered lime for chewing with the areca nut.
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This little town at the foot of the Western Ghats is one of the richest areca growing areas in the country. It is also known for its Panchalingeshwara temple. Hidden from the public glare so far, the temple had a limited patronage from both the government and the devotees but its glorious past relates to the Mahabharata. It is said the five Shiva Lingams at the temple were consecrated by the Pandavas.
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Penjajap was the other type of vessels counted by Pires after junks and lancaran upon arriving at a port. However Pires said that after the boats were donated to Pati Unus, trading activity in the ports became more lethargic. Admiral François-Edmond Pâris noted several cargo penjajap in Malacca strait during 1830s. The penjajap brought spices, dried areca nuts, and coconut almonds from Sumatra, and seem to frequent only the southern part of the strait.
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As per the Statistical Hand Book Assam, 2018 the district has 1,590 tea growers registered with Tea Board of India with total area of 2,488.21 hectare. In 2017 the district's tea production was 4.59 million kg and stood at no.12th among other districts of Assam. The region also produces significant numbers of Areca nut, Baccaurea ramiflora, Beans, Jackfruit, Maize, Orange (fruit), Peach, Pineapple, Potato and Sweet potato, Plum, Sugarcane, Tapioca, Turmeric, etc.
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'Kudipady', also called Pallataru-Kodipady or Kidippady, is a village in Puttur Taluk of Dakshina Kannada district, India. It is 6 km to the west of the larger town of Puttur and 4 km south of the town of Kabaka. Mangalore, the regions chief port city, is a further 48 km to the north-west. The local economy is primarily agricultural, with most farms growing Areca nut cocoa, pepper, coconut, and bananas.
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Later the young man with five other brahmacharis reached Sankaramangalath illam. Antharjanam completed all rituals and served food to them in areca nut leaves as the rakshasa had destroyed all banana plantains. Goddess Lakshmi disguised as a housewife entered the scene and served thrippuli (a kind of pickle) to the brahmachari. Knowing Thukalasuran had been murdered by the brahmachari, people came there to visit him and requested show them his Chakra to salute.
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Sulawesi's forest also has its own characteristics, dominated by agatis wood which is different from the Great Sunda which is dominated by areca nut (Rhododendron species). The variety of flora and fauna is the object of scientific research and study. To protect flora and fauna, national parks and nature reserves have been established such as Lore Lindu National Park, Morowali Nature Reserve, Tanjung Api Nature Reserve and finally the Bangkiriang Wildlife Reserve.
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These collagen fibers are non degradable and the phagocytic activity is minimized. According to a recent cross sectional study the time taken for return of salivary pH to baseline levels after chewing areca nut containing mixtures is significantly longer in habitual users with OSF when compared to unaffected users. Sharma et al., have equated the pathogenesis of OSF to a over-healing wound, to explain its evolution as well as malignant transformation.
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It was from Southeast Asia that the crop spread to Asia and India where it is cultivated as a cash crop. It is conjectured that ancient Indian literature provide information on betel nut and its mastication. The Indian Ayurveda texts also refer to the areca nuts as a traditional medicine. Its use in India is also noted from the pre-vedic period and was described by the word taamboola in ancient Indian civilization.
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The provincial seal shows the city walls surmounted by diamonds, since the city name means 'diamond wall' (from the shape of the ramparts of the old city wall). The provincial tree is the areca nut palm (Acacia catechu), and the provincial flower the bullet wood (Mimusops elengi). Golden belly barb (Hypsibarbus wetmorei) is provincial fish, since it is a fish found in the Ping river especially in the area of Kamphaeng Phet.
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In Germany and southeastern Europe, seeds of C. pepo were also used as folk remedies to treat irritable bladder and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In China, C. moschata seeds were also used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of the parasitic disease schistosomiasis and for the expulsion of tape worms. Chinese studies have found that a combination of pumpkin seed and areca nut extracts was effective in the expulsion of Taenia spp. tapeworms in over 89% of cases.
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On this bank is Mount Kovu Kovu, in height, while on the south bank is a ridge high. Pombwe, one of the principal settlements on the river, is situated about west of Kovu Kovu. Above Pombwe, the West African oil palm grows, while below Pombwe, the trees are chiefly areca and coconut palms. The village of Lemkuna and the hamlet of Ngage are on the river's west bank, while Mvungwe and Meserani are on its eastern bank.
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76: "Dancing as education, understood by the Greeks, today is coming to the fore again. With limbs less supple, but more powerful than a woman's, a male dancer's virile leaps are every bit as graceful as a ballerina's". The concept of gracefulness is applied both to movement, and to inanimate objects. For example, certain trees are commonly referred to as being "graceful", such as the Betula albosinensis, Prunus × yedoensis (Yoshino cherry), and Areca catechu (betel-nut palm).
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Jiaozhi also held the counties of Léilóu (, '), Āndìng (, '), Gǒulòu (, '), Mílíng (, '), Qūyáng (, '), Běidài (, '), Jīxú (, '), Xīyú (, ') and Zhūgòu (, Chu Cấu). Long Biên was the major Chinese entrepôt for foreign trade in antiquity and is one of major contenders for Ptolemy's Cattigara. The local products were bananas, areca nuts, sharkskin, python bile and kingfisher feathers, although the district between it and Guangzhou was rich in silver, cinnabar and mercury. Cen Shen also wrote that the country "abounds in treasures and jewels".
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The Nicobarese have a traditionally horticultural economy; they base their monetary existence on the growing of coconuts, pandanus, areca nut palms, bananas, mangoes and other fruits. They also hunt, fish, raise pigs, make pottery and make canoes. Many of the older Nicobarese are illiterate, however today the younger Nicobarese receive free education through the government. Nicobarese are becoming educated over time and they are seen in multiple government jobs as doctors, teachers, policemen and clerks, among other occupations.
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Betel leaves, areca (for chewing), and coconut were the principal cash crops, and large-scale cotton production supplied the weaving centers of the empire's vibrant textile industry. Spices such as turmeric, pepper, cardamom, and ginger grew in the remote Malnad hill region and were transported to the city for trade. The empire's capital city was a thriving business centre that included a burgeoning market in large quantities of precious gems and gold.From the notes of Duarte Barbosa ().
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He bought dry land at Hallikoppa village during 1972-73 and started growing pineapple, which is the turning point in his life. He has adopted scientific methods in growing other horticultural crops like coconut, areca, pepper, g-9 banana, venilla etc. and he has grown some of the crops including pineapple as inter cultivation crop. He has also established a pineapple canning unit at Banavasi, with a capacity of 10 tonnes or 6000 fruits in eight hours.
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The festival last for three days. All the villager contribute in cash and kinds and donation are also collected from the neighbouring villages in order to meet the expenses of the rituals. The festival is divided into four major parts: ;Sadi :In this process all the deities are invited. ;Karkli :Here the deities are worshipped in two ways – Kibo-kaba, offering of meals to the deities and Koia-abida, offering of areca-nut and betel leaves to the deities.
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There is a strong agrarian sector, and the crops are mainly coconuts, areca nuts and pepper. Paddy cultivation has a major setback now, as is the case with most of Kerala, with paddy fields being claimed for houses and for more profitable crops. There are no major industries in Edacheri and migration to the Middle East (Gulf) and to the major cities in India is prevalent. There is a Saliya-theruvu where weaving is an important occupation.
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Betel is traditionally made from areca nuts and lime wrapped in a betel leaf. The container is in the form of a mythical bird known as a karaweik. This has been an important motif in Burmese art since the seventh century, and was believed to possess the ideal qualities of purity and gentleness. It is chicken-like in its appearance with its feet, curled wings, pointed beak, wealth of overlapping body feathers, curled wings and upturned tail.
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Worshippers usually offer fresh flowers, (betelnuts), (local hand rolled cigarettes), sliced (areca nuts) and local fruits. An important part of the praying ritual is also to burn some (benzoin, made from a local gum tree, when burnt emit a smoky fragrant smell). If their prayers are answered, the worshippers usually return to the shrine and make offerings or hold a (feast). Another common practise is for individuals to renovate the shrines to create a better looking shrine for the .
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Nenga is a monoecious genus of flowering plant in the palm endemic to Southeast Asia, commonly called pinang palm. N. gajah is the aberration in the genus with its short internodes, marcescent leaves and interfoliar inflorescence, a combination of traits seen in a few species of the closely related Pinanga and Areca palms.Uhl, Natalie W. and Dransfield, John (1987) Genera Palmarum - A classification of palms based on the work of Harold E. Moore. Lawrence, Kansas: Allen Press.
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Arecanut, cocoa, pepper, Cashew and coconut are grown here. There is a regional station of Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI) which conducts research on areca nuts, an important commercial crop in the area. It also researches cocoa growing, including its production, protection and increasing drought resistance. Formerly ruled by the Vittala Arasas or kings belonging to the Domba Heggade Dynasty, the head of the dynasty, even today, plays a dominant role in the religious ceremonies of 16 temples.
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The Queen's Research Fellowships were also introduced for outstanding graduates of Raffles College and King Edward VII College of MedicineFrancis Cooray & Khoo Salma Nasution, Redoutable Rerformer: The Life and Times of Cheah Cheang Lim. Areca Books, 2015. (later merged to form the University of Malaya) to study postgraduate courses in selected universities in the United Kingdom. In 1959, the Queen's Scholarship was replaced by the Agong's Scholarship in Malaysia and the Singapore State Scholarship, now the President's Scholarship.
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The chewing of betel with areca nut was formerly also an important custom.The Va ethnic minority (People's Daily) The Wa have different kinds of traditional dances. One important dance in their culture is accompanied by the beating of a large hollow wooden drum. This way of dancing, among other Wa dancesFolk dancing of Va ethnic group attracts tourists in SW China (Xinhua) such as the hair danceGrawng klieh yam lih khaing sigien rang, sigang lih dix.
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The type series was collected from a mixed coffee and areca nut plantation at above sea level. The holotype was collected by digging in soil by a small stream. Another specimen was found at night on a dry pathway on a hill slope, just outside a wet evergreen forest fragment and some 50 m away from the closest water body, a rivulet. Two specimens have been found on a coffee plantation at an altitude similar to the type locality.
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Roystonea is placed in the subfamily Arecoideae and the tribe Roystoneae. The placement Roystonea within the Arecoideae is uncertain; a phylogeny based on plastid DNA failed to resolve the position of the genus within the Arecoideae. As of 2008, there appear to be no molecular phylogenetic studies of Roystonea and the relationship between R. oleracea and the rest of the genus is uncertain. The species was first described by Nikolaus von Jacquin in 1763 as Areca oleracea.
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On the wedding day, the groom's family leads a procession to the bride's family home. The groom's eldest sister bears a gift basket containing a coconut sapling, areca palm, area nuts, betel leaves, pickled tea leaves, and household items including pepper, onion, rice, oil, and salt, while the youngest daughters carry lacquerware to the venue. Both the bride and groom are splashed with water using Eugenia leaves. The wedding ceremony continues with an exchange of gifts.
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Preparations of the artist Headgear and painted faces are the main attractions of kalenja's eco-friendly costume which is made of leaves and flowers. The person who masquerades as Kalenja makes the headgear using stems of Ixora coccinea (kepula in Tulu language). They adorn themselves with costumes made of tender palms of the coconut tree, anklets, colourful clothes and a long cap made up of Areca spate etc. The headgear, also called the mudi, is then decorated with flowers.
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Balvant never practiced law and worked in a dyeing and printing press in Mumbai. He changed job as a peon in a wood trader’s office where he used to stay in the warehouse along with his wife. Balvant decided to start his own business with a help of investor Mohan and started importing cycle, areca nut, paper dyes from western countries. After starting his business Balvant moved to flat in Sion Mumbai along with his wife, son and brother Sushil.
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Edward Frederick Noel Gratiaen (20 December 1904 - 1973) , was the 30th Attorney General of Ceylon. He was educated at S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia, he then went on to study at Exeter College, Oxford and graduated in 1925. Upon his return to Ceylon, he became a journalist joining the Ceylon Independent of Sir Marcus Fernando but after the paper went out of publication, he enrolled at the Ceylon Law College and graduated as an Advocate.The Sara Saga, Manicasothy Saravanamuttu (Areca) pp.
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Martjan Lammertink, Vincent Nijman and Utami Setiorini, "Population size, Red List status and conservation of the Natuna leaf monkey Presbytis natunae endemic to the island of Bunguran, Indonesia." Oryx / Volume 37 / Issue 04 / October 2003, pp 472 – 479 Wealth of flora in the province includes the Oncosperma tigillarium, dragon fruit, areca nut and the rare udumbara plants that live on the Engku Puteri Plateau, Batam Center. The Riau Islands has 2 nature reserves, namely Pulau Burung Nature Reserve and Pulau Laut Nature Reserve.
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More investments were also made on health care and public transportation.Francis, Ric & Ganley, Colin: Penang trams, trolleybuses & railways: municipal transport history, 1880s–1963. Areca Books: Penang, 2006 Due to the improved access to education, the active participation in municipal affairs by its Asian residents and substantial press freedom, George Town was perceived as being more intellectually receptive than Singapore. The city became a magnet for reputable English authors, Asian intellectuals and revolutionaries, including Rudyard Kipling, Somerset Maugham and Sun Yat-sen.
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He wished for an heir and prayed to Brahma. Brahma, disguising himself as a Brahmin, visited Bermanna and said that his current state of sorrow was because he had neglected the worship of his ancestral deity whose temple lay in ruins in the village of Nidgal. On the advice of Brahma in disguise, Bermanna went to Nidgal, renovated the temple of his ancestral deity and conducted puja ceremonies. He returned home with the Prasadam - Areca nut flowers and sandalwood paste.
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The culture of the village as part of the broader Assamese culture is a hybrid one, developed over time from traditional Hindu value systems, Islamic influence and some elements of local tribal culture. Symbolism is an ancient cultural practice of this region and is still a very important part of life of the village as they use Gamosa, Xorai, etc. to represent identity, pride, etc. A unique cultural trait of the people is their love for areca-nut and betel leaves.
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The journey of the Tunga and the Bhadra is and respectively, till they join at Koodli, at an elevation of about 610 metres near Holehonnur, about from Shivamogga, areca granary of the country. Though both Tunga and Bhadra rivers start at same source (Gangamoola), they flow separately for some distance and then they later unite with each other at Koodali village. Hence from there, the composite name Tungabhadra was given. From there, the Tungabhadra meanders through the plains to a distance of .
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Being an Agrarian economy, the major plantation crops of Tumkur are coconut and areca nut. The major cash crops are paddy, ragi and groundnut. Iron ore, manganese and granite are the major minerals found in the Tumkur district. Due to its proximity to Bangalore, it acts as a gateway to North Karnataka, being on the Chennai – Mumbai industrial corridor and the infrastructure that Tumkur provides, it has the potential to be the satellite city to decongest the state capital Bengaluru .
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Koothattukulam, which had once been a part of Ernakulam District , with Palakuzha, Thirumarady, Veliyannur and Elanji as the neighbouring Panchayats. Most people are engaged in agriculture, farming and trading. The main cash crops are: rubber, paddy, coconut, areca nut, ginger, turmeric, 'kacholam' and pepper. Koothattukulam which today covers an area of 2318.71 hectares lies 17 km to the south of Muvattupuzha town and 38 km to the north of Kottayam town via the MC Road which passes through this town.
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101 Pala Bhairavi Kolam Padayani is very popular in Kerala, India, as a means, used to worship goddess Kali. The story line comes as after killing Daruka, an Asura, the goddess was very angry. The bhoothagana, servants of lord Siva, danced in front of her to reduce her anger, else her anger would result in the destruction of the whole world. In memory of this incident, the participants wear masks (kolam) made of lathes of the areca tree using one to hundreds.
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The whole area covered by many hills and coffee estates. Linagadahalli also famous for people like, Late Sri Veda Brahma Narasimha Murthy a pandith in vedas, winner of the Veda Ratna award and also Lingadahalli Subrahmanya Shashidhara, an Indian developmental biologist who has also received Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize. Agriculture is the main industry in this area and common perennial crops grown are Areca nut, coconut and banana. The main annual crops grown are Beans, Green peas, potatoes, and chillies.
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Rajasingha II, from Robert Knox's A Historical Relation of the Island Ceylon. After the battle, the Dutch secured 22,000 bales of cinnamon and a considerable amount of areca nut. These were shared with the Kandyan king but King Rajasinghe II was convinced that the Dutch officers, when dividing the spoils, had tricked him. He also complained that Costers’ decision to assault the fort before the agreed hour had been made to prevent his men from taking part in the assault.
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The peak of Singapore's gambier trade was in the 1830s through 1850s, driven by demand from the British dyeing and leather tanning industries. Diplomat Edmund Roberts noted that upon his visit to China in the 1830s, Chinese were using it for tanning, and noted that the uncaria gambir made "leather porous and rotten". He also noted that the Chinese would chew it with areca nut. In the 1860s through 1880s, gambier production was expanded in nearby Johor under the kangchu system.
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Bakila Hukrappa studied up to PUC (class 12) and was a sportsman during student days. He contested for State Assembly in 1978 but lost. Bakila Hukrappa won 1983 election from Sullia constituency by defeating N.Sheena and became Member of Legislative Assembly for Karnataka State but got defeated during 1985 elections from the same constituency. Sullia is a reserved constituency for Scheduled Caste candidates and Balappa Hukrappa was a labourer in Areca garden when he was selected as a candidate by Bharathiya Janatha Party for 1983 elections.
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The form of the serpent is drawn with white rice powder and colour powder (black, red, green, yellow). The Pulluvar conduct the ritual around the decorated kalam (the field where the form of the serpent is drawn) in a specific order. The deities Nagas have names as Naagaraajaavu, Naagayakshi, Sarppayakshi, Maninaagam, Erinaagam, Karinaagam, Kuzhinaagam, Paranaagam and Kanyaavu. The two women who represent the Nagas in a possession trance come to the Kalam and sit on the floor with an areca flower in their hands.
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Khichdi India's national dish and superfood prasāda in ecofriendly Areca-leaf traditional Indian Droṇa at ISKCON Temple Bangalore. ISKCON Bangalore provides free food to those in need. The Akshaya Patra Foundation is one initiative started by members of the temple, which has received praise from United States President Barack Obama for feeding and educating children across India.A TV documentary has also been made on Akshaya Patra Foundation"Obama’s accolade for Akshaya Patra" from Bangalore Mirror, 12-12-2008, hosted on the ISKCON Temple Bangalore website.
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The jajmān now stands in a ritualistic circle on the ground with his assistants and offerings are made to the būta. These offerings often include the sacrifice of a chicken whose blood is sprinkled on the ground to enhance the fertility of the land. These sacrificial acts are followed by offerings of puffed rice, beaten rice, coconut pieces, bananas, ghee, betel leaf, and areca nut. In the subsequent court of justice the spirit is approached by the villagers for blessings or asked to help resolve conflicts.
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An annual sum of 1280 fanams was levied from the Koneswaram temple, and they collected a duty on areca nuts exported through the Trincomalee and Batticaloa ports.Jorge Manuel Flores; Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. (2007). Re-exploring the links : history and constructed histories between Portugal and Sri Lanka. pp.36 Jaffna had given minimal logistical access to its Trincomalee and Batticaloa seaports to the Kandyan kingdom to secure military advantages against its enemies; this was used by their influential European overlords to consolidate power in the region.
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The closest city center to Nanminda is Ballusery also written as "Balluseri". Nanminda Higher Secondary School located at 12th Mile which was established in 1950 is one of the oldest schools across Nanminda. Nanminda is known for its green paddy fields, coconut farms, areca nut farms, banana plantains, Jack fruit and Mango trees, water falls, lakes, hills and fishing. In all sections of Agriculture, Animal husbandry, dairy, regional economic development, poverty eradication, health, women empowerment, social justice, SC/ST development are moving in good progress.
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19–51 For small transactions, various consumer goods (which had about the same standard value among the majority of the Tibetans) could be used. Among others, these were areca nuts, tobacco, ceremonial scarves (khatas, also named khadags; Tibetan: kha btags) and teaGabrisch, Karl (1990) Geld aus Tibet, Winterthur & Rikon Tea was usually traded in the form of tea bricks (Tibetan: ja sbag). This developed into the most important medium of exchange in the 19th century, when a regular coinage had already been introduced into Tibet.
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Rajasinha's son ascended to the throne as Vimaladharmasuriya II, and his twenty-year reign (1687–1707) proved relatively peaceable. A trade war broke out in 1701, when the Kandyans closed their borders with Dutch territories in order to stimulate trade through the ports of Puttalam and Kottiyar. As a result, the Dutch lost control of the areca nut trade and retaliated; by 1707 Kandyan borders had reopened and both ports were closed. Upon his death Vimaladharmasurya was succeeded by his son, who ruled as Vira Narendra Sinha.
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Furthernmore, the Arthat church and the Ambazhakkad seminary was also destroyed. Over the course of this invasion, many Saint Thomas Christians were killed or forcibly converted to Islam. Most of the coconut, areca nut, pepper and cashew plantations held by the Saint Thomas Christian farmers were also indiscriminately destroyed by the invading army. As a result, when Tippu's army invaded Guruvayur and adjacent areas, the Syrian Christian community fled Calicut and small towns like Arthat to new centres like Kunnamkulam, Chalakudi, Ennakadu, Cheppadu, Kannankode, Mavelikkara, etc.
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The chief crops of the district are rice and areca nut, along with a great diversity of other crops. Tree crops include coconut, sugarcane, cocoa, cashew, mango, banana, pineapple, garcinia, jack fruit,and sapota; vegetables include onion, radish, cucumber, cauliflower, sweet potato, eggplant (brinjal), and amaranth; spices include pepper, cardamom, ginger and nutmeg. Millet and cotton are grown in the drier portion of the district east of the Western Ghats. Bhatkal is known for its imported goods markets, which existed even before India's liberalisation.
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53(2): 429–434. They are fan palms, with the leaves mostly circular in outline, sometimes undivided but more usually divided into wedge-shaped segments. Licuala acutifida is the source of cane for the walking stick nicknamed the Penang- lawyer by colonials, probably from the Malay phrase for a wild areca, although the term may also refer to the use of these canes as deadly knobkerries to assassinate litigious enemies.Germplasm Resources Information Network: Licuala Several species of Licuala have been transferred into a new genus Lanonia.
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Khichdi prasāda served in areca-leaf traditional bowl, Bengaluru Khichdi () is a dish in South Asian cuisine made of rice and lentils (dal), but other variations include bajra and mung dal kichri. In Indian culture, it is considered one of the first solid foods that babies eat.Hetal of MasterChef U.S. season 6 Hindus, who avoid eating grains during fasting, eat Sabudana Khichadi made from sago.Sean Williams, 2015, "The Ethnomusicologists' Cookbook, Volume II: Complete Meals from around the world", Routledge Taylor & Francis group, page 37.
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However, most Jakun people prefer not to engage in farming but to exchange foods from the Malay and Chinese people with their jungle produce such as kemenyan, gaharu, dammar gum and rattan by barter. Thus they also received clothing, tobacco, salt, gambier and areca nut palm. In using natural resources, the Jakun people must take into account the ownership of specific communities in a certain territory. Although they do not physically demarcate it, everyone knew well the limits of the possessions of their neighboring communities.
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Pterocarpus indicus (commonly known as Amboyna wood, Malay padauk, Papua New Guinea rosewood, Philippine mahogany, Andaman redwood, Burmese rosewood, narra and asana in the Philippines, angsana, or Pashu padauk) is a species of Pterocarpus native to southeastern Asia, northern Australasia, and the western Pacific Ocean islands, in Cambodia, southernmost China, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia,Simon Gardner, Pindar Sidisunthorn and Lai Ee May 2011. Heritage Trees of Penang. Penang: Areca Books. Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the Ryukyu Islands, the Solomon Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam.
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It is a palm tree species under the family of Arecaceae. It has commercial and economic importance not only in India but also in China and Southeast Asia. Areca nut production in India is the largest in the world, as per FAO statistics for 2017, accounting for 54.07 % of its world output, and is exported to many countries. Within India, as of 2013-14, Karnataka produces 62.69 percent of the crop followed by Kerala and Assam; all three states together account for 88.59 percent of its production.
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Details of flowers It is also known as the red- or yellow- Barbel palm, red palm, Mascarene Islands cabbage palm, and palmiste rouge, palmiste bourre, palmiste des bois, palmiste des hauts, palmiste épineux, palmiste zépines, palmiste piquant in French.Grubben, G.J.H. & Denton, O.A. (2004) Plant Resources of Tropical Africa 2. Vegetables. PROTA Foundation, Wageningen; Backhuys, Leiden; CTA, Wageningen. This palm was first described as Areca rubra by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint- Vincent in 1804 and classified by German botanist Hermann Wendland in its own genus Acanthophoenix in 1867.
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Acanthophoenix crinita is a species of palm which is endemic to Réunion. This palm was first described as Areca crinita by French naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent in 1804 and classified by German botanist Hermann Wendland in its own genus Acanthophoenix in 1867. In his 1995 checklist of seed plants, Rafaël Govaerts considered A. crinita to be a synonym of Acanthophoenix rubra, as did Govaerts and John Dransfield in their 2005 checklist of palms. However, in his revision of the genus, N. Ludwig recognised A. crinita as a separate species.
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The town lies in the Malnad region on the hills of the biodiversity hotspot, the Western Ghats. It has a temperate climate surrounded with lofty green hills full of coffee, cardamom, pepper and areca plantations. These crops which contribute mainly to the economy of the taluk are grown in the surrounding villages and the entire taluk are brought to Sakleshpur city for sale. The town lies on the National Highway 75 (NH 75) which connects the port city of Mangalore (128 km), with the capital city Bangalore (224 km) of Karnataka state.
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Francis, Ric & Ganley, Colin: Penang trams, trolleybuses & railways: municipal transport history, 1880s–1963. Areca Books: Penang, 2006 The Penang Hill Railway, launched in 1923, remains operational to this day and is Penang's sole funicular railway system. With improved access to education and rising living standards, George Town soon enjoyed substantial press freedom and there was a greater degree of participation in municipal affairs by its Asian residents. Penang's representatives in the Straits Settlements Legislative Council gained a reputation for their assertive contestation of the policies made by the Singapore-based British authorities.
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Trepanging was also done from 1812 in Hawaii and from 1814 in the Marquesas. Other side trades included Chilean copper from Valparaíso, scrimshaw (whale teeth), tortoise shells and meat from the Galápagos Islands, sugar from Manila, and, from Java, areca nuts (so- called betel nuts) and coffee beans. Sealing boomed in the Juan Fernández Islands and the Juan Fernández fur seal was rapidly exploited to near- extinction. The northern fur seal rookeries were controlled by Russia, so Americans acquired northern fur seal skins through trade rather than sealing.
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The rhythm for the dance movements is provided by vibrating the string of a bow like instrument called an Onavillu. Areca nut wood is used to make the bow and the strings are beaten with a narrow bamboo stick.India Travel Times: Kummattikali, the Kerala folk dance by Juhan Samuel The themes of Kummattikali are mostly taken from the stories of Ramayana, Darika Vadham, the story of Shiva and folk tales like Manjan Nayare Pattu. It may be noted that folk art of Kerala can be classified into two broad categories - ritualistic and non- ritualistic.
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Furthermore, the Iban love to bear and raise many children to continue their descendancy (), as a means to acquire more land and wealth and perhaps to multiply in numbers as a natural defence against enemy tribes. So comes the fourth category of festival which is procreation-related i.e. Gawai Lelabi (River Turtle Festival) that is held for announcing readiness of daughters for marriage and to call for suitable suitors. The wedding ceremony is itself called Melah Pinang (Areca beetle nut splitting) which is celebrated with much fanfare and ritual.
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In general, the functions of a balian are those of a medium who directs the living person's communication with the spirits, of a priest who conducts sacrifices and rituals, and of a healer of the sick. The matibug are the closest friends of human beings, but they can be troublesome if ritual offerings of propitiation are not made. These offerings are not expensive. A little rice, some eggs, a piece of meat, betel quids, betel leaves, and areca nuts, given in combinations according to the shaman's discretion, would suffice to placate the spirits.
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Close up of crownshaft of Roystonea regia showing smooth tapering leaf sheath and fresh leaf scars, Kolkata, India An elongated circumferential leaf base formation present on some species of palm is called a crownshaft. The leaf bases of some pinnate leaved palms (most notable being Roystonea regia or the royal palm but also including the genera Areca, Wodyetia and Pinanga) form a sheath at the top of the trunk surrounding the bud where all the subsequent leaves are formed.Riffle, Robert L. and Craft, Paul (2003) An Encyclopedia of Cultivated Palms. Portland: Timber Press.
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Calcium hydroxide is typically added to a bundle of areca nut and betel leaf called 'paan' to keep the alkaloid stimulants chemically available to enter the bloodstream via sublingual absorption. It is used in making naswar (also known as nass or niswar), a type of dipping tobacco made from fresh tobacco leaves, calcium hydroxide (chuna or soon), and wood ash. It is consumed most in the Pathan diaspora, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Bangladesh. Villagers also use calcium hydroxide to paint their mud houses in Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
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The first priest, called patri, inhales the areca flower and becomes the male snake. The second priest, called Nagakannika or the female snake dances and swings around an elaborate serpent design drawn with natural colours on the sacred ground. The ritual is supplemented by playing an hour glass shaped instrument called as Dakke. The drawings in five different colours on the sacred ground are white (white mud), red (mix of lime powder and turmeric powder), green (green leaves powder), yellow (turmeric powder) and black (roasted and powdered paddy husk).
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Simple Farm House inside areca garden at hilly region Kabbinale,India Kabbinale is a village at the foot hills of the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) Agumbe range, situated in the Hebri Taluk of the Udupi district of Karnataka state, India. In the Kannada language, kabbinale means "crushing unit of sugarcane". The nearest airport is at Mangaluru, which is at a distance of 86 km from Kabbinale. This small village is around 50 km from Udupi Town, and the nearest town is Hebri, which is around 20 km from Kabbinale.
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Both areca nut and betel leaf chewing, however, can cause premalignant lesions such as leukoplakia and submucous fibrosis, and are recognized risk factors for oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (oral cancer). Practitioners and purveyors of alternative medicine sell a vast range of products that claim to be beneficial in treating halitosis, including dietary supplements, vitamins, and oral probiotics. Halitosis is often claimed to be a symptom of "candida hypersensitivity syndrome" or related diseases, and is claimed to be treatable with antifungal medications or alternative medications to treat fungal infections.
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Khichdi prasāda in ecofriendly Areca-leaf traditional Indian Donna at ISKCON Temple Bangalore. Prasāda (, Sanskrit: प्रसाद), variantly spelled as Prasādam, Prasād and Prasāda, is a material substance of vegetarian food that is a religious offering in both Hinduism and Sikhism. It is normally consumed by worshippers after worship. Mahaprasāda (also called Bhandārā) in Hinduism, similar to the langar in Sikhism,Pashaura Singh, Louis E. Fenech, 2014, The Oxford Handbook of Sikh Studies is the consecrated food offered to the deity in the temple which is then shared and eaten by the masses without discrimination.
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Also, similar to other typical traditional Vietnamese villages in the North of Vietnam, Yen Duc Village has golden rice fields in the harvest time, many lakes and ponds and colorful gardens, especially the ranges of areca trees in the sunshine. Yen Duc has many historical monuments and an ancient pagoda named Canh Huong which contains cultural and historical values dated back to Ly and Tran dynasty. In the village, all the alley roads have stone walls. The community-based tourism project has been developed in Yen Duc village since 2011.
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These researchers report an increase in the frequency of chromatid aberrations when the leaf extract was added to cultures. Another scientific study from Japan indicates that the lab rats that ate a mixture of betel leaf and areca nuts all had severe thickening of the upper digestive tract, whereas after undergoing a diet of betel leaves alone, only one laboratory rat ended up having a forestomach papilloma. Betel leaf extract alone has not been shown to cause significant side effects, but there are side effects associated with the use of betel quid.
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Pork is considered unclean and therefore is totally forbidden in a shrine. The meat is later cooked into a curry and offered to the Datuk together with turmeric rice(nasi kunyit), which is traditionally served at feasts in Malay culture. As the majority of worshippers are from the Chinese community, kenduris today also incorporate Chinese dishes and offerings usually presented to deities within the Taoist pantheon of gods. Worshippers usually offer fresh flowers, sirih (betel nut leaves), rokok daun (local hand-rolled cigarettes), sliced pinang (areca nuts) and local fruits.
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Besides these, potato, ginger, turmeric, black pepper, areca nut, Bay leaf (Cinnamomum tamala), betel, short-staple cotton, jute, mesta, mustard and rapeseed etc. are some of the important cash crops. Besides the major food crops of rice and maize, the state is renowned for its horticultural crops like orange, lemon, pineapple, guava, litchi, banana, jack fruits and fruits such as plum, pear, and peach.Horticulture Crops Department of Agriculture, Govt of Meghalaya (2009) Agriculture in Kukon, Meghalaya Grains and staples production covers about 60% of the land area dedicated to crops.
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The soil is very fertile as Vitla is located on the foothills of Western Ghats, and rivers flow carrying along the rich minerals from the inland, thus making it a perfect place for agriculture. Vitla is surrounded by hills covered in native vegetation, rocks & hills, the geography also includes flat lands used for agriculture of Areca, rubber, coconut & rice fields. The prominent hills are found via Mangaluru road in a place called Kelinja and Kodapadav. Kalenjimale Forest is spread across the region from Vitla Town to Kanyana & from Ukkuda to Salethur.
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Other crops that were also cultivated were barley (yava), areca nut (kramuka), fallow millet (joladakey), wheat (godhuma), pulses (radaka), flowers were mostly for temple use and such lands called pundota, fruits such as plantains (kadali) and coconuts are also mentioned.Adiga (2008), pp. 47–55 Village (palli) descriptions in lithic and copper plate records, such as the Hiresakuna 6th-century copper plates from Soraba, included its natural (or man made) bounding landmarks, layout of agricultural fields, repairs to existing and newly constructed water tanks, irrigation channels and streams, soil type and the crops grown.Adiga (2006), pp.
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Mudiyettu is a communal undertaking in which each caste of the village plays a specific role. The bamboo artefacts and leather hides for drums are provided by the Parayan caste while the Thandan caste brings the areca nut fronds that are required for the masks and headgears. The Ganakan community paints the masks while the Kuruvan community keeps the country torches burning. It is the Veluthedan (Patiyan) caste that washes the clothes used for making the deity’'s dress while the Maran caste readies the torches and keeps them supplied with oil.
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Among the nine female dancers, there is one main dancer that wears the most complete and elaborated jewelries and costume, and acts as the prime lady. In the dance choreography, the prime lady would be the center and the foremost dancer. She holds tepak container as the props of Sekapur Sirih ceremony, and presents betel leaf, areca nut, and slaked lime for the honored guest to enjoy. On her sides, two other female dancers bring pridon, the brass containers traditionally used as spit container after the guests chew the betel nut.
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In this ceremony, the religious symbols of Kuber god, i.e. Golden cat and Golden sword-shield are placed at a pedestal and worshipped. During this ceremony, rice beer(Chuje), Handoh guri(ground rice), puffed rice (Akhoi), areca nut, betel leaves, several kinds of Pitha (Khula dia, Tel Diya, etc), duck meat and posola(a dish made of banana stem) are prepared. A pair of a male and female duck is sacrificed in the name of Gira-Girasi (ancestral deities) and smoked meat is offered along with two servings of Chuje to the deities.
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The Sankethi people are a South Indian Smartha Brahmin community located in Karnataka, India, mostly in villages in the south of the state. They speak a Dravidian language known as Sankethi, which is related to Tamil and Kannada. Their traditional occupation is agriculture, engaging in the cultivation of crops such as areca nuts (also known as betel nuts), palm nuts, tobacco, bananas, and coconuts. The community has traditionally adhered to Advaita Vedanta and maintains the ancient practice of avadhanam, as well as having a long tradition in Carnatic classical music.
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The Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Manila was founded in 1781. Composed of leading men in business, industry and profession, the society was tasked to explore and exploit the islands' natural resources. The society led to the creation of Plan General Economico of Governor-General José Basco y Vargas, 1st Count of the Conquest of Batanes Islands, which implemented the monopolies on the areca nut, tobacco, spirited liquors and explosives. It offered local and foreign scholarships, besides training grants in agriculture and established an academy of design.
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But during installation ceremony, the idol didn't fit to its peetham or seat, the priests felt something supernatural and everyone came out near Jalavannthy. Then they heard celestial instruments being played and chanting of vedic hymns from inside. As they rushed and opened altar door, they saw the idol installed at right place with blazing light everywhere and a couple of bananas in an Areca nut palm leaf in front of the idol. Two celestial beings came out of the sanctum- sanctorum and disappeared on eastern bank of Jalavanthy and they were Durvasa and Vedavyasa.
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A similar pattern was followed wherein the Christian bride was smeared with turmeric paste, coconut milk, rice flour with the leaves of ambolim to make the skin smooth, fair and prepare the bride for marriage. In 1736, this practice was banned by the Holy Inquisition in Goa. : c Bido is the small packet of pieces of areca nut wrapped into a betel leaf with the addition of several spices. Pan-pod is the same, but loosely placed on a plate, so that each guest can prepare his own pan.
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Paddy was the main crop, with different varieties grown in the wetland of Marutam, such as Vennel, Sennel, Pudunel, Aivananel and Torai. The peasants lived in groves of trees close to the farmlands and each house had jack, coconut, palm, areca and plantain trees. Peasants grew turmeric plants in front of their houses and laid flower gardens in between the houses. Farmers believed that ploughing, manuring, weeding, irrigation and the protection of crops must be done according to a specific method in order to obtain a good yield.
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Soon after, his father Govindagiri died. Leaving his half-brother (named either Damodara or Rupchandra), Madhavdev returned to his brother-in-law Gayapani with the news and stayed on involving himself with trade in betel-leaf and areca nut. When his half-brother, who was a Majinder at Banduka, fell ill Madhabdev returned there to shoulder his responsibilities. At Banduka he received news of his mother's failing health and he hastened back to Dhuwahat, where Gayapani had moved to along with his wife and mother-in-law after the Kacharis had uprooted the Bara Bhuyans.
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Tamulpan, Xorai and Gamosa are three important symbolic elements in Assamese culture. Tamul-paan (the areca nut and betel leaves) or guapan (gua from Goi of Bodo-Chutia language) are considered as the offers of devotion, respect, and friendship. It is an ancient tradition and is being followed since time- immemorial with roots in the aboriginal Khasi-Kaibarta-Bodo-Kachari culture. Xorai, a traditional symbol of Assam, is a manufactured bell-metal object and an article of great respect and is used as a container-medium while performing respectful offerings.
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Areca catechu is a species of palm which grows in much of the tropical Pacific, Asia, and parts of east Africa. The palm is believed to have originated in the Philippines, but is widespread in cultivation and is considered naturalized in southern China (Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan), Taiwan, India, Bangladesh, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, many of the islands in the Pacific Ocean, and also in the West Indies.Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesJones, D. (2001), Palms Throughout The World, Reed New Holland, Australia.Heatubun, C.D., Dransfield, J., Flynn, T., Tjitrosoedirdjo, S.S., Mogea, J.P. & Baker, W.J. (2012).
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George Caunter (1758 — April 1812) was a British administrator who governed the Prince of Wales' Island (Penang Island) as Acting Superintendent in 1797 during Superintendent Major Forbes Ross MacDonald's leave of absence and again in 1799 upon the resignation and departure of MacDonald. He served as Acting Superintendent until the arrival of Sir George Alexander William Leith in 1800.Singapore Chronicle and Commercial Register, 9 January 1836, Page 2Langdon, Marcus. Penang: The Fourth Presidency of India 1805-1930. Penang: Areca, 2013: 210, 213, 215-220, 222, 238, 243-244, 269, 332, 347, 358, 361, 400. Print.
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The local body had even engaged a consultant, shortlisted by experts from Anna University, Public Works Department and the agriculture department. The consultant gave a detailed plan in October last on how to beautify the lake. This included removal of encroachments in Gandhi Nagar and Ambedkar Nagar, fencing of the entire waterbody, provision of three decks for walking, viewing and fishing and a boating jetty. The consultant also suggested plantation of African grass, reed and bamboo along the middle deck and flowering plants and trees like bottlebrush, bougainvillea, royal palms and areca nut betel palms along the upper deck.
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During the 19th century, Kelantan was a prosperous and populous state with a population of around 30,000 to 50,000 people including a thousand Chinese. Production from within the state include gold, tin ore, black pepper, areca nut, rice, rattan, bamboo, agarwood and songket. Kota Bharu acts as entrepot for goods due to its strategic location beside the Kelantan River. Pantai Sabak, about from Kota Bharu, was the initial landing point of the Japanese invasion forces on 8 December 1941 in their Malayan campaign, when they successfully engaged the British in jungle warfare and ultimately captured Singapore.
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The scientific accuracy with which she documented plant life in all parts of the world, before photography became a practical option, gives her work a permanent value. Plant species named in her honour include Areca northiana, Crinum northianum, Kniphofia northiae, Nepenthes northiana, and the genus name Northia. Kew Gardens claims that the North Gallery (situated in the east section of the gardens) is "the only permanent solo exhibition by a female artist in Britain". In 2008 Kew obtained a substantial grant from the National Lottery, which enabled it to mount a major restoration of both the gallery and the paintings inside.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 100 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores and 30 fair price shops in the Sitalkuchi CD block. In 2012–13, the Sitalkuchi CD block produced 47,185 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 21,223 hectares, 16,575 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 5,285 hectares, 525 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 341 hectares, 5 tonnes of wheat from 3 hectares, 112,736 tonnes of jute from 8,247 hectares and 35,272 tonnes of potatoes from 1,089 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 51 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 32 fair price shops in the Tufanganj II CD block. In 2012–13, the Tufanganj II CD block produced 37,813 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 16,422 hectares, 13,548 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 4,069 hectares, 418 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 272 hectares, 4,329 tonnes of wheat from 1,616 hectares, 34,588 tonnes of jute from 3,179 hectares and 23,813 tonnes of potatoes from 799 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 93 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 49 fair price shops in the Mathabahnga I CD block. In 2012–13, the Mathabhanga I CD block produced 48,668 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 19,640 hectares, 37,208 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 9,845 hectares, 88 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 43 hectares, 347 tonnes of wheat from 120 hectares, 97,005 tonnes of jute from 7,360 hectares and 87,786 tonnes of potatoes from 2,378 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012–13, there were 35 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 50 fair price shops in the Dinhata II CD block. In 2012–13, the Dinhata II CD block produced 37,928 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 18,715 hectares, 11,964 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 4,048 hectares, 1,199 tonnes of wheat from 633 hectares, 295 tonnes of maize from 121 hectares, 117,481 tonnes of jute from 9,361 hectares and 71,631 tonnes of potatoes from 2,109 hectares.
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This temple is one among the thirty Durga temples of Central Kerala where the ancient Dravidian ritualistic art form Padayani is performed annually. The ritual Padayani is seen in temples situated in places such as 'Pathanamthitta, Kozhencherry, Aranmula, Ranni, Thiruvalla and Chengannur. Kolam Thullal is the vital part of Padayani festival in which impersonations and apparitions of both divine and evil characters are painted on areca palm sheaths in traditional designs using natural dyes and performing them at these temples. Traditional artists create masks and trained dancers dance carry them on their head, and this is manifested to propitiate goddess Bhadrakali Devi.
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While the bride is a matted- hair woman, with an uncovered body and barefooted. She wraps herself in embroidered silk, wears a necklace around her neck adorned with gold beads, and bracelets on her wrist with ornaments of gold, silver and other precious ornaments. Family, friends and neighbours decorate a decorative boat with betel leaf, areca nut, reeds and flowers are sewn, and arrange a party to welcome the couple on such a festive occasion. When the groom arrives home, the gong and drum are sounded, they will drink wine (possibly arrack or tuak) and play music.
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Hainuwele did so, but when the men asked her for areca nuts, she gave them instead the valuable things which she was able to excrete. Each day she gave them something bigger and more valuable: golden earrings, coral, porcelain dishes, bush-knives, copper boxes, and gongs. The men were happy at first, but gradually they decided that what Hainuwele was doing was uncanny and, driven by jealousy, they decided to kill her on the ninth night. In the successive dances, the men circled around the women at the center of the dance ground, Hainuwele amongst them, who handed out gifts.
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Dong Du Village is about 68 km to the west of Vinh on the way to and from Phong Nha - Kẻ Bàng and Ninh Bình. Dong Du Village is a typical Vietnamese agricultural village in terms of culture and traditions. The village is surrounded by mountains which are mirrored in Khe Lau Lake. Also, similar to other typical traditional Vietnamese villages in the far north of Vietnam, Dong Du Village has golden rice fields in the harvest time, many lakes and waterlily and lotus ponds and colorful gardens, especially the ranges of areca and coconut trees in the sunshine.
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Smokers who want to kick the habit would also use betel nut to wean themselves off tobacco. Taungoo in Lower Burma is where the best areca palms are grown indicated by the popular expression "like a betel lover taken to Taungoo". Other parts of the country contribute to the best paan according to another saying "Tada-U for the leaves, Ngamyagyi for the tobacco, Taungoo for the nuts, Sagaing for the slaked lime, Pyay for the cutch". Kun, hsay, lahpet (paan, tobacco and pickled tea) are deemed essential items to offer monks and elders particularly in the old days.
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His name is recorded only in the Hebrew characters במת (bet, mem, taw), which Amitav Ghosh has interpreted as the Tulu name Bomma, guessed to originate as a diminutive of the deity-name Berme. He is recorded as acting on Abraham's behalf in Aden in 1135. Abraham also developed close relationships with other South Asian traders. Goods traded by Abraham to Aden include cardamom, a delivery of which was the subject of some dispute in the surviving correspondence between Abraham and both Yūsuf ibn Abraham and Khalaf ibn Isḥāq, areca nuts, pepper, and manufactured goods such as locks and brass bowls.
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There is no window in a Sumbanese house, cross ventilation is provided from small openings in the wall, which is made of plaited palm boughs, areca sheath, or – among the very rich – buffalo hide. Buffalo horns often decorate the walls, a reminder to past sacrifice. Traditional Sumbanese village is typically located on elevated sites, with houses (uma) forming two or more rows on either side of a central plaza. The central plaza is aligned north-south and contains megalithic tombs and other sacred objects, the overall impact is that the houses of Sumba people intermingles with the tombs.
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The main four offerings are Paala Namaskaaram, Kathakali, Pantheerayiram and Kesadipaadam Garland. Paala Namaskaaram is actually a part of the third pooja around 10:45 am and is serving food with specific dishes to the Lord and Brahmins in areca nut palm leaves as Sreedevi Antharjanam served the same to the Lord. Before doing 108 Paala Namaskaaram daily was a ritual in the Temple and now due to scarcity of Brahmins it is reduced to only one, that too done by devotees as an offering. It needs to book for it at least a couple of years in advance to get the date.
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Various types of forest products like bamboos, reeds, canes, soft wood tamarind, lemon grass, rubber, coconut, areca nut, kadukkai, cinnamon bark, nelli, cardamom, mango, lemon varieties, jack fruit, and many medicinal plants of high value which are harvested here. The mountain range is near the end point of Western Ghats. From tourism angle, the forest are highly enhancing with pleasant sholas, hill top forests, beautiful grasslands, panoramic valleys, top hillocks, singing streams, vast stretches of rubber plantations, valuable teak plantations and excellent climate. The foot hill is followed by green paddy fields and coconut groves, Banana groves with few rubber plantations.
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During this festival season, September to December, the hill is covered with floating clouds and it provides a rare experience for the tourists. The formation of clouds at the bottom of the hill range and its gradual ascendance from the bottom to the top slowly engulfing the whole hill range in its mystic lap is an experience to treasure. A new era of betel (Areca) nut, locally known as kuhva cultivation started by the people of Jampui since the last few decades. As the oranges are almost entirely wiped out, betel nut plantation extremely helps in the growth of the local people's economy.
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Those two places –on analyzing the tribal stories we can conclude - were flourishing centers of ancient Hindu culture, existed somewhere near present-day Nuhiyad. The ritualistic worship of Mani Bhagavathi (Goddess Mani) known as ‘kalasam’ is performed by ‘Aattukaran’, the tribal priest of the Karimpalas. Pallathu Ambu, the present Aattukaran, believes that there lived Kolantha Chemmaran, the first Aattukaran of this place, even at the time when there was stone and earth. He had come to this place from a place called ‘Erelantha Naadu’. He made there a ‘valappu’ or a small estate of coconut and areca nut trees and also cultivated paddy.
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He is a member of > the committee of King Edward VII School, Taiping, and is a patron in the > Perak Anti-Opium Society. In 1906, H. I. M. the Emperor of China, by special > command, ordered the ex-Viceroy Shum of Canton to confer on Mr. Foo Choo > Choon the Order of Merit for his services to his country, and this > decoration, together with a gold medal, was sent from China and presented by > a special envoy. Mr. Cheah Cheang Lim,Francis Cooray & Khoo Salma Nasution, > Redoutable Rerformer: The Life and Times of Cheah Cheang Lim. Areca Books, > 2015.
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Trogons excavate their nests by chewing cavities into very soft dead wood; some species make completely enclosed chambers (accessed by upward-slanting entrance tunnels), while others—like the extravagantly plumed resplendent quetzal—construct more open niches. In most trogon species, both sexes help with nest construction. The process may take several months, and a single pair may start several excavations before finding a tree or stump with wood of the right consistency. Common myna nest in an areca palm cavity Species which use natural cavities or old woodpecker nests sometimes line the cavity with soft material such as grass, moss, lichen, feathers or fur.
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In front of the British army was broken rising ground intersected by deep ditches, with some deserted villages, and several topes (groves) of areca-nut palms and cocoa trees, which afforded a safe cover to Tipu's skirmishers and rocket-men. An aqueduct within of the fortress, near a wooded tope called the Sultanpet Tope or "Sultaunpet", afforded Tippoo's skirmishers and rocketmen firing rocket artillery a safe cover from which they most seriously annoyed the British outposts. General Baird was directed to scour this grove and dislodge the enemy, but on his advancing with this object on the night of 4/5 April, he found the tope unoccupied.
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Gutka street vendor, India Gutka, ghutka, guṭkha or betel quid is a chewing tobacco preparation made of crushed areca nut (also called betel nut), tobacco, catechu, paraffin wax, slaked lime and sweet or savory flavourings, in India, Pakistan, other Asian countries, and North America. It contains carcinogens, is considered responsible for oral cancer and other severe negative health effects and hence is subjected in India to the same restrictions and warnings as cigarettes. Highly addictive and a known carcinogen, gutkha is the subject of much controversy in India. Many states have sought to curb its immense popularity by taxing sales of gutkha heavily or by banning it.
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Red stains of Gutka on walls due to spitting Creative advertising by tobacco companies and lack of accessible information for the public leads to many gutka users being unaware of the dangers it can bring. Often users believe that gutka can act as a digestion aid, kill germs, and generally give a sense of well being. In fact 34.4% of smokers have switched to smokeless tobacco use as way to quit. In addition to cancer of the head, mouth, neck, throat, oesophagus, other aerodigestive tract cancers, and dental disease areca nut, the main ingredient in gutka is known to cause severe oral mucosal disorders.
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Acetaldehyde is carcinogenic in humans.Chemical Summary For Acetaldehyde, US Environmental Protection Agency In 1988 the International Agency for Research on Cancer stated, "There is sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of acetaldehyde (the major metabolite of ethanol) in experimental animals." p3 In October 2009 the International Agency for Research on Cancer updated the classification of acetaldehyde stating that acetaldehyde included in and generated endogenously from alcoholic beverages is a Group I human carcinogen.International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group, Special Report: Policy A review of human carcinogens—Part E: tobacco, areca nut, alcohol, coal smoke, and salted fish. The Lancet 2009 10, 1033–1034.
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Ninety-four motifs have been observed on rumah gadang. Thirty-seven of them refer to flora, such as kaluak paku ('fern tendrils'), saluak laka ('interwoven rattan'), pucuak rabuang ('bamboo shoots'), areca-nut palms, and lumuik hanyuik ('washed-away moss'). Twenty-eight motifs refer to fauna, such as tupai tatagun ('startled squirrel'), itiak pulang patang ('ducks going home in the afternoon) which symbolizes co-operation and homecoming wanderers, and kumbang janti (golden bumblebee). The remaining twenty-nine motifs refer to humans and sometimes their activities or behavior, such as rajo tigo (three kings of the realm), kambang manih (sweet flower, used to describe an amiable girl) and jalo takambang (casting a net).
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There is also the pinang palm (Areca catechu) that lent its name to the island of Penang, and the black lily (Tacca integrifolia) with its unique purplish-black coloured flowers. The candle tree (Parmentiera cereifera), the endemic slipper orchid (Paphiopedilum barbatum) and the ginger, Geoctachys penangensis, can also be found in the gardens. There are also collections of rare plant species housed in the Fern House, Palm Collection, Aroid Walkway, Orchidarium, Perdana Conservatory, Cactus House, Bromeliad and Begonia House, Herb Garden, Fern Rockery, Sun Rockery, and the Formal Garden. The garden fauna include long-tailed macaques, dusky leaf monkeys, black giant squirrels as well as many insects and butterflies.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 3 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 20 fair price shops in the Sitai CD block. In 2012–13, the Sitai CD block produced 21,907 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 10,581 hectares, 12,115 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 3,911 hectares, 976 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 817 hectares, 120 tonnes of wheat from 65 hectares, 1,266 tonnes of maize from 520 hectares, 35,715 tonnes of jute from 2,830 hectares and 13,264 tonnes of potatoes from 623 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012–13, there were 37 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 10 fair price shops in the Haldibari CD block. In 2012–13, the Haldibari CD block produced 24,606 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 10,618 hectares, 5,429 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,791 hectares, 264 tonnes of wheat from 135 hectares, 37 tonnes of maize from 15 hectares, 43,650 tonnes of jute from 3,255 hectares, 11,248 tonnes of potatoes from 713 hectares and 314 tonnes of sugar cane from 3 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 60 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 40 fair price shops in the Mathabahnga II CD block. In 2012–13, the Mathabhanga II CD block produced 52,530 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 23,992 hectares, 14,380 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 4,948 hectares, 100 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 75 hectares, 281 tonnes of wheat from 147 hectares, 657 tonnes of maize from 270 hectares, 86,286 tonnes of jute from 5,133 hectares and 140,323 tonnes of potatoes from 4,973 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 72 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 27 fair price shops in the Mekhliganj CD block. In 2012–13, the Mekhliganj CD block produced 39,133 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 15,791 hectares, 5,880 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 1,944 hectares, 161 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 89 hectares, 2,760 tonnes of wheat from 1,249 hectares, 231 tonnes of maize from 95 hectares, 32,173 tonnes of jute from 2,496 hectares and 39,589 tonnes of potatoes from 1,470 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012–13, there were 120 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 75 fair price shops in the Cooch Behar II CD block. In 2012–13, the Cooch Behar II CD block produced 55,399 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 24,464 hectares, 540 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 274 hectares, 810 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 428 hectares, 486 tonnes of wheat from 227 hectares, 80 tonnes of maize from 33 hectares, 80,756 tonnes of jute from 6,476 hectares and 89,263 tonnes of potatoes from 3,097 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012–13, there were 91 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores and 62 fair price shops in the Dinhata I CD block. In 2012–13, the Dinhata I CD block produced 41,630 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 20,156 hectares, 7,076 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 2,471 hectares, 1,111 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 852 hectares, 197 tonnes of wheat from 112 hectares, 10 tonnes of maize from 4 hectares, 98,575 tonnes of jute from 7,905 hectares and 72,614 tonnes of potatoes from 2,258 hectares.
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A Lancet Oncology publication claims that paan masala may cause tumours in different parts of the body and not just the oral cavity as previously thought. In a study conducted in Sri Lanka, scientists found high prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders in rural Sri Lankan populations. After screening for various causes, the scientists reported paan chewing to be the major risk factor, with or without tobacco. In October 2009, 30 scientists from 10 countries met at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a World Health Organization sponsored group, to reassess the carcinogenicity of various agents including areca nut, a common additive in paan.
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Until during World War II this factory became under supervision of government and was named "Bang Yi Khan Liquor Factory". Told that in those days, yeasts that the factory released into Chao Phraya River, attract toli shad (Tenualosa toli) to swim from the sea into freshwater to eat them as food. Currently, the liquor factory has been shut down and its location became a Rama VIII Memorial Park, a good atmosphere public park under the foot of Rama VIII Bridge. The occupation of Bang Yi Khan residents in the past was the cultivation of rambutan and manufacture of lime for eating with betel and areca nut.
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By K G Tregonning. Published by Straits Times Press, 1962. He was also a founder and member of the Board of Directors of the Eastern Smelting Company (1908),More than merchants: a history of the German- speaking community in Penang, 1800s-1940s By Salma Nasution Khoo, Areca Books (2006), , Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Volume 79, Issue 1 by The Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, JMBRAS 2006, Pg 64 Ltd along with Eu Tong Sen, Ng Boo Bee, Ong Hung Chong, Khaw Joo Tok and his nephew Khaw Bian Kee.Chinese Business Enterprise By Rajeswary Ampalavanar Brown.
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Old postcard Taungoo (, Tauñngu myoú; ; also spelled Toungoo) is a district- level city in the Bago Region of Myanmar, 220 km from Yangon, towards the north-eastern end of the division, with mountain ranges to the east and west. The main industry is in forestry products, with teak and other hardwoods extracted from the mountains. The city is known for its areca palms, to the extent that a Burmese proverb for unexpected good fortune is equated to a "betel lover winning a trip to Taungoo". The city is famous in Burmese history for the Toungoo dynasty which ruled the country for over 200 years between the 16th and 18th centuries.
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Oral submucous fibrosis is a chronic, complex, premalignant (1% transformation risk) condition of the oral cavity, characterized by juxta-epithelial inflammatory reaction and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues (the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues). As the disease progresses, the oral mucosa becomes fibrotic to the point that the person is unable to open the mouth. The condition is remotely linked to oral cancers and is associated with areca nut and / or its by-products chewing, majorly practiced in South and South-East Asian countries. The incidence of OSMF has also increased in the western countries due to the changing habits and constant migrating population.
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"Exposure to areca nut (Arecacatechu) containing products with or without tobacco (ANCP/T) is currently believed to lead to OSF in individuals with genetic immunologic or nutritional predisposition to the disease. " This hypersensitivity reaction results in a juxta-epithelial inflammation that leads to increased fibroblastic activity and decreased breakdown of fibers. The fibroblasts are phenotypically modified, and the fibers they form are more stable, produce thicker bundles that progressively become less elastic. once the original loosely arranged fibrous tissue is replaced by the ongoing fibrosis, the movability of the oral tissues is reduced, there is loss of flexibility and reduced opening of the mouth.
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The household items of daily use by rural folk on display are cooking vessels, jars to store pickles, salt containers and serving utensils made of stone, wood and mud. Brass and copper vessels used for worship, tools and tackles used for harvesting and climbing trees to pluck coconuts and areca nuts, large sized pots made of mud used for storing grains, old hand-looms are also exhibited here. The paintings in this museum hall are made from natural colours and these were part of marriage decorations in tribal houses; which is still a prevalent practice among many tribes, particularly pertain to the work culture of tribal women.
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Gorman Gorman C. (1971) The Hoabinhian and After: Subsistence Patterns in Southeast Asia during the Late Pleistocene and Early Recent Periods. World Archaeology 2: 300-20 claims that the Spirit Cave included remains of Prunus (almond), Terminalia, Areca (betel), Vicia (broadbean) or Phaseolus, Pisum (pea) or Raphia lagenaria (bottle gourd), Trapa (Chinese water chestnut), Piper (pepper), Madhuca (butternut), Canarium, Aleurites (candle nut), and Cucumis (a cucumber type) in layers dating to around 9,800 to 8,500 years BCE. None of the recovered specimens differed from their wild phenotypes. He suggested that these may have been used as foods, condiments, stimulants, for lighting and that the leguminous plants in particular "point to a very early use of domesticated plants".
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A review of the issues and management of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae) in coconut and date palm during the last one hundred years. J.R. Faleir The list of known hosts includes: Areca catechu, Arenga pinnata, Borassus flabellifer, Caryota maxima, C. cumingii, Cocos nucifera (coconut palm), Corypha gebanga, C. elata, Elaeis guineensis, Livistona decipiens, Metroxylon sagu, Oreodoxa regia, Phoenix canariensis, P. dactylifera (date palm), P. sylvestris, Sabal umbraculifera, Trachycarpus fortunei, Washingtonia spp. FDACS Pest Alert Lab studies have reared the insect on diets of Agave americana and Saccharum officinarum, but these findings have not been observed in the wild. There is evidence that the weevil prefers the 'Sukkary' cultivar of date palm to other cultivars.
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They performed purification ceremonies and consecrated the pits; and were put up in special places under the shade of deodar trees and in Chitrakudas. The couple performed abhisheka with theertha like Panchagavya (a holy mixture of five items from the cow's milk, curd, butter, urine and dung); observed elaborate poojas according to rules with areca nut flower bunches, fragrant flowers and water, incense etc., Nivedyam with melted butter (ghee), milk, payasam with molasses, rice powder, turmeric powder, coconut juice, Kadali fruit, cow's milk, all mixed together in the proper form as Nurum Palum, equivalent to the elixir of life. They offered serpent deities with great devotion, appam, aval (beaten rice or rice wafers), tender coconut etc.
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The Tamil people cultivated a wide range of crops such as rice, sugarcane, millets, black pepper, various grains, coconuts, beans, cotton, plantain, tamarind and sandalwood.Venkata Subramanian, 7 Jackfruit, coconut, palm, areca and plantain trees were also known. Systematic ploughing, manuring, weeding, irrigation and crop protection was practiced for sustained agriculture.Pillay, 50-51 Water storage systems were designed during this period. Kallanai (1st-2nd century CE), a dam built on river Kaveri during this period, is considered to be one of the oldest water-regulation structures in the world still in use.Singh and Yadava, 508 Spice trade involving spices native to India—including cinnamon and black pepper—gained momentum as India started shipping spices to the Mediterranean.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012-13, there were 89 fertiliser depots, 1 seed store and 49 fair price shops in the Tufanganj I CD block. In 2012–13, the Tufanganj I CD block produced 41,806 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 18,986 hectares, 15,895 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 5,412 hectares, 1,880 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 1,122 hectares, 7,344 tonnes of wheat from 2,876 hectares, 1,617 tonnes of maize from 664 hectares, 83,866 tonnes of jute from 7,787 hectares, 68,042 tonnes of potatoes from 1,799 hectares and 77,903 tonnes of sugar cane from 745 hectares.
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There are some coconut, areca nut and betel leaf plantations. 77.6% of the land holdings are marginal. In 2012–13, there were 51 fertiliser depots, 2 seed stores and 64 fair price shops in the Cooch Behar I CD block. In 2012–13, the Cooch Behar I CD block produced 38,493 tonnes of Aman paddy, the main winter crop, from 19,142 hectares, 36,211 tonnes of Boro paddy (spring crop) from 9,871 hectares, 298 tonnes of Aus paddy (summer crop) from 175 hectares, 8,576 tonnes of wheat from 3,413 hectares, 183 tonnes of maize from 75 hectares, 164,563 tonnes of jute from 11,899 hectares, 91,495 tonnes of potatoes from 3,265 hectares and 1,255 tonnes of sugar cane from 12 hectares.
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Darna pallivitta, the nettle caterpillar or stinging nettle caterpillar, is a moth of the family Limacodidae. It is native to China, Taiwan, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Java and Borneo. But it is now also established in the Hawaiian islands and Japan. 200px 200px The larvae feed on the leaves of a wide range of plants, including Areca, Caryota, Cocos, Phoenix, Rhapsis, Veitchia merrillii, Adenostemma, Commelina diffusa, Breynia, Vigna marina, Cordyline terminalis, Dracaena, Iris, Ficus, Averrhoa carambola, Coffea arabica, Pipturus albidus, Alyxia oliviformis, Monstera, Neodypsis decaryi, Wedelia, Tillandsia cyanea, Desmodium uncinatum, Erythrina sandwicensis, Cuphea, Beaucarnea recurvata, Cordyline marginata, Ophiopogon, Clidemia hirta, Tibouchina, Musa, Psidium, Jasminum multiflorum, Arundina graminifolia, Panicum repens, Paspalum conjugatum, Pennisetum purpureum, Macadamia and Gardenia.
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The pulingaws, however, do expect some form of payment from their patients as their birua have informed them that they do not agree to doing 'unpaid' work and if no payment was received, the pulingaw would be the one suffering the punishment from the birua, as mentioned in the previous paragraph that the birua is often summoned to deal with an individual's torment or suffering. These payments used to come in the form of a few coins or areca nuts since fees are paid according to their clients' discretion. Hence, payment can come in any form, even a gift, and as long as there is a payment, the birua would remain content.
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The place is surrounded by Kalenjimale forest with an abundant supply of water from the rivers, which makes it a breeding ground for life with rich flora and fauna surrounding the town. Agriculture plays a prominent role in the life of the people living in Vitla, thus the area is surrounded by vast Areca plantations, making it a perfect habitat for various fauna life to flourish. Even though the population has been increasing, the forests and natural habitats are intact due to the strict government rule against deforestation. The wild animals found include Indian wild Dog (Dhole),Wroughton's, Wild Boar, Bonnet macaque, Indian rock python, Russell's viper, Asian palm civet, Bengal fox and few others.
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Nevertheless, many other items were very important - such as pearls, pearl shell, aromatic woods, birds of paradise feathers, etc. as well as and many foodstuffs such as sago (Metroxolyn sagu), kenari (Canarium spp.), palm sugar (Arenga pinnata), fermented palm drinks (sageru; sometimes distilled to make much stronger sopi), tripang, fish, meat, and others. Hainuwele's variety of presents brought about an element of corruption, bringing about inequality, greed, and jealousy into a roughly homogeneous society, represented by the standard present of areca nuts. Hence the various gifts of the Coconut girl can be interpreted as "dirty money", polluting and degrading everyone who accepts it, bringing about a socioeconomic conflict and the deviation from an ideal state.
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The Hundred Family lock (Traditional Chinese: 百家鎖; Simplified Chinese: 百家锁; Pinyin: bǎi jiā suǒ) is a special type of silver lock charm. They are shaped as pentagonal, prism-shaped silver boxes with two peaked ends with a bar between. One side of the box is often moulded with four Chinese characters and its peaked ends may depict images of single flowers. After a child was born in a poor or less wealthy family, the family would traditionally ask a hundred families for a few cash coins (in some traditions, only one), sometimes offering the families areca nuts as a gesture of goodwill, to have an inexpensive lock charm made for their newborn.
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The future groom's family and friends will go to his future bride's home with offerings; traditionally, these gifts are fruits, betel leaves, areca leaves, wine, tea, fruits, cakes, tobacco, jewelry and a roasted pig. The gifts are contained in amount of lacquer boxes, called mâm quả, that are covered in red paper or cloth and carried by the younger unmarried men of the future groom's family; the amount of each gift is even (with the exception of the roasted pig) while the amount of boxes are odd. (In Vietnamese culture, odd numbers and red symbolize luck for the young couple). The future groom and his entourage will wait at the door until the other family says the bride is ready.
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Phans are also used for containing other highly important things, including legal documents such as the constitution, or offerings to royalty. Phans are also to bring the items of the Buddhist ceremony for young men who are to be ordained as monks, like robes, incense, candles and a pillow, among other items. In this case the family first displays all the items in the house, and then family members bring the items on decorated phans from the home to the temple. Formerly, when the chewing of areca nut and betel was common among the Thai people, the ingredients for chewing, the nuts, leaves, spices and instruments for cutting, were presented on a phan to the guest entering the house as part of a traditional welcoming ceremony.
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Kings were entertained at the bath by women who sang, played musical instruments and bathed with him or bathed while he watched. The one who pleased him the most was sent to the royal chambers later for the kings pleasure. No two women of the harem lived in the same quarters and beautiful girls were often purchased to make additions to the harem.Karmarkar (1947), p108 The devadasi system in temples was very popular of who there were two types; the angabhoga who had responsibilities closely related to and including bathing of the deity, daily worship, offering daily food (naivedya), betel leaf and areca nut to the deity while the rangabhoga was mainly concerned with the dance hall where she performed during special functions.
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These include an image of the Buddha (the religion of the household), a white rooster (signifying stateliness), a cat (signifying domesticity), a pestle or grinding stone (signifying firmness), a cucumber (signifying coolness, therefore happiness) and all sorts of grains, peas, and sesame seeds (signifying fertility). Two senior female members of the royal family will welcome them and gift to the king a fly-whisk made from a white elephant's tail and a bunch of areca flowers. Another royal lady, who is also an official of the palace will then hand the king a golden key, symbolic of his ownership of the residence. After accepting these gifts, the king then lies down formally on the bed and receives a blessing from the two senior ladies.
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A glass of "basic" street-side cendol. The word "chendol" was first mentioned in 1932 as one of the foodstuffs available in Kuala Lumpur as recorded in the Malay Concordance Project that collects Malay writings. There is a popular belief that the name "cendol" is related to, or originated from, the word jendol, in reference to the swollen green worm-like rice flour jelly; in Javanese, Sundanese, Indonesian, and Malay, jendol means "bump," "bulge," or "swollen."Google translate, jendol In most parts of Indonesia, cendol refer to the green rice flour jelly; while the concoction of that green rice flour jellies with coconut milk, shaved ice, areca palm sugar and sometimes diced jackfruit is called es cendol (in West Java) or dawet (in Central and East Java).
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Bolla co-founded Samanvai Center for Children with Multiple Disabilities in 2011 in which he started a Braille printing press, providing educational, vocational, financial, rehabilitation services to students with multiple disabilities for an economically independent and self-sustainable life. In 2012, Bolla started Bollant Industries, which manufactures Areca based products and provides employment to several hundred people with disabilities, with funding from Ratan Tata. Addressing a combination of issues – employment, economic and environment – Bollant produces eco-friendly recycled Kraft paper from municipal waste or soiled paper, packaging products from recycled paper, disposable products from natural leaf and recycled paper and recycles waste plastic in to usable products. Bollant has shown exceptional growth averaging 20% a month since inception and a turnover of ₹ 150 cr in 2018.
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An inscription from the Mahalingswami temple in Tiruvidaimarudur dated in the 28th year of the king's reign refers to the 16th year of his predecessor Sungadavirtha Kulottunga Chola I. Among the places mentioned is Vikramasolanallur in Tiruvalundur nadu a sub-division of Jayangondachola valanadu. The king and his namesake, Kulottunga I are both mentioned together in an inscription of their successor Rajaraja III. An inscription from Govindaputtur dated in the sixteenth year of Kulottunga III mentions that as per a sanction accorded in the seventh year of Periyadevar Rajadhiraja Chola II a garden of areca-palms was made a devadana(gift) to the temple. Further it states that an inquiry was held in regards to the management of this gift.
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During the Dutch rule the District Secretary's house, the cinnamon, areca nut, gunpowder storage and an elephant kraal (containing four elephant stables, which could house up to 80 elephants and a tank where the elephants were washed) were constructed within the fort. The oldest building within the fort is the Dutch Reformatory Church, which is situated near the entrance. It was built by the Dutch in 1706 the date however etched above the entrance, 1767, refers to the reconstruction of the church by the Dutch following the Matara Rebellion. The door and window panels are made of heavy wood while the walls now show signs of crumbling as the proper mixture to rebuild them could not be found within Sri Lanka.
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Prenasalized obstruents only occur in medial position, where the distinction between oral and prenasalized voiced obstruents is somewhat predictable. Medial voiced obstruents are statistically far more likely to be oral in words beginning with oral voiced obstruents, while they are far more likely to be prenasalized in words beginning with anything else. If denasalization of voiced obstruents is an ongoing change, one can track its progress through different lexical environments: it is 100% complete in word-initial position (as in bola 'pig' and buwa 'areca nut'), 80% complete in the middle of words beginning with voiced obstruents (as in bada 'market' and dabola 'head' vs. zanzami 'driftwood'), 35% complete in the middle of words beginning with approximants or vowels (as in ababa 'crosswise' vs.
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Unlike many events that will occur during the actual wedding, the proposal is very informal; only immediate family members (mostly the parents) are involved and arrangements were done over drinks and food; the groom's family traditionally will provide the wine, sweets, betel leaves and areca nuts as a symbol of their agreement. The families will use this time to also discuss the dowry and other conditions that need to be addressed. The wedding (and possibly the engagement) date will be chosen during the proposal. This is typically decided by a Buddhist monk, Spiritual leader, or fortune teller due to the spiritual nature of the occasion, and the date is based on the couple's horoscopes; because of this, the proposal may last for a few days to finalize plans and dates.
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An engagement ceremony, called the Đám Hỏi, usually occurs half a year or so before the wedding. The engagement ceremony serves as an announcement to the rest of the community that a wedding will take place soon and marks the day that the future bride is now the fiancée of the future groom. Gifts are exchanged in a similar manner for both the engagement and the wedding ceremony. Traditional Vietnamese wedding gifts from the groom's family to the bride's family: Betel & Areca catechu, tea box, Bánh cốm, Bánh phu thê The ceremony was mainly used to announce that the arrangement is confirmed and the wedding shall happen; usually the bride and groom will have no final say in the matter, but some are consulted based on many factors such as interests and horoscopes.
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The big buffalo saw no threat in the baby buffalo and paid no attention to it, looking around for a worthy opponent. But when the baby thrust his head under the big bull's belly, looking for an udder, the sharpened horns punctured and killed the bull giving the villagers their victory (manang, hence manang kabau: "victors of the buffalo" which eventually became Minangkabau). That legend, however, is known to be a mere tale and that the word "minang" is too far from the word "manang" which means 'win'. The legend however has its rebuttals as the word 'minang' refers to the consumption of areca nut (pinang), yet there hasn't been any popular explanation on the word 'minang' that relates the aforementioned action to the word for "water buffalo".
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The main crops of the malnad region were paddy, betel leaves, cardamom and pepper and the semi- malnad region with its lower altitude produced rice, millets such as ragi and corn, pulses, oilseeds and it was also the base for cattle farming.Adiga (2006), p6 The plains to the east were the flat lands fed by Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vedavati rivers where cultivations of sugarcane, paddy, coconut, areca nut (adeka totta), betel leaves, plantain and flowers (vara vana) were common.from the Melkote copper plates and Mamballi inscriptions, Medutambihalli inscription of the 9th century (Adiga 2006, p53) Sources of irrigation were excavated tanks, wells, natural ponds and water bodies in the catchment area of dams (Katta).Adiga (2006), p42 Inscriptions attesting to irrigation of previously uncultivated lands seem to indicate an expanding agrarian community.
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This is equal to 1000 yugas or 432 million human years. 3 Hasta is a unit equal to cubit, a measure of length - equal to 24 angulas or about 18 inches, being the distance between the elbow and the tip of the middle finger 4 A kind of beautiful red blossoms, but without any odour that grow on Palasa (Beutea) tree 5 The leaf of piper-betel, which together with the areca-nut, catechu, chunam (lime), and spices is usually chewed after meals. 6 The juice that exudes from the temples of an elephant in rut 7 A karmachandala is a person belonging to the lowest and most despised of the mixed castes originating from a Sudra father and a Brahmana mother – Practical Sanskrit English Dictionary by VS Apte.
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Leslie Coleman as a graduate in 1904 Leslie Charles Coleman (16 June 1878 – 14 September 1954) was a Canadian entomologist, plant pathologist and virologist who worked as the first director of agriculture in Mysore State in southern India. He conducted pioneering research on the pests and diseases affecting agriculture in the region and was instrumental in establishing several agricultural research institutions including the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore and the Central Coffee Research Institute at Balehonnur. His major contributions to plant protection included measures to control a rot disease of coffee caused by Pellicularia koleroga (now Ceratobasidium noxium) known in southern India as koleroga. Coleman established an inexpensive control measure for another disease, also known as koleroga, a generic name for rot-causing diseases in Kannada, that caused complete destruction in areca plantations.
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In 1345, Ibn Battuta travelled on to Samudra Pasai Sultanate in present-day Aceh, Northern Sumatra, where he notes in his travel log that the ruler of Samudra Pasai was a pious Muslim named Sultan Al-Malik Al-Zahir Jamal-ad-Din, who performed his religious duties with utmost zeal and often waged campaigns against animists in the region. The island of Sumatra, according to Ibn Battuta, was rich in camphor, areca nut, cloves, and tin. The madh'hab he observed was Imam Al- Shafi‘i, whose customs were similar to those he had previously seen in coastal India, especially among the Mappila Muslims, who were also followers of Imam Al-Shafi‘i. At that time Samudra Pasai marked the end of Dar al-Islam, because no territory east of this was ruled by a Muslim.
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Some examples of weapons are lances, kris, swords, arrows, bandil (iron hammer), patrem (a kind of weapon for women), and candrasa (a sharp weapon that looks like a chignon pin used by women spies). There are also some 18th-century household tools made from brass such as betel container and its kecohan (a container in which someone spits after chewing betel), canting (a tool used to make batik) holder, bringsing pot, and various forms of kacip (a tool to slice areca nut as an ingredient to chew betel). There are two sacred weapons kept in this museum, namely a kris with 21 curves named Kyai Omyang, made by an empu (kris maker) who lived during Majapahit time and a sword originating from Demak Kingdom. Those two sacred weapons are believed to be able to prevent disasters.
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He was the primary benefactor of the Guangdong/Kwangtung and Tingchou/Teochew Cemeteries (1885 and 1901)Binglang Yu Hua ren shi tu lu The Chinese in Penang: A Pictorial History By Kim Hong Tan, 陈剑虹, Published by Areca Books, 2007, , page 51 and Kek Lok Si Temple (1906). At the Kwangtung and Tingchou Cemeteries (Kuang-tung chi T'ing-chou i-shan cemetery for Kuangtung and T'ing-chou Prefecture of Fukien is located in Mount Erskine Road) Chung Keng Quee's donation of 600 yuan towards the construction of a hall for funeral ceremonies is inscribed in a stone dated 1885. Donations ranged from 600 yuan to 10 yuan. A donation of land to the cemetery by Chung Keng Quee and his daughter Kang Neoh (also spelt Keng-niang and Huang Jiang) is recorded in one of two similar stones.
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The dance is based on the simpler Tanggai dance, and believed as the reenactment and recreation of the original welcoming ceremony commonly found in traditional Malay courts in the region, which demonstrate the Sekapur Sirih (bersirih or menginang) ceremony that offering the honored guests the betel leaf, areca nut and slaked lime. The dance is believed to be originated from the court of Srivijaya, and presented to describe the host’s welcoming hospitality, friendliness, happiness, and sincerity, as well as to demonstrate the beauty, gracefulness and cultured refinement of Srivijayan court. The dance is performed by nine young and beautiful women, wearing glittering songket-clad traditional costumes called Aesan Gede, completed with Selendang Mantri, Paksangkong and Dodot, and also wearing Tanggai gilded jewelry. It is believed that the dance costume combine various cultural influences, notably Malay, Javanese and Chinese elements.
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A golden langur A white-winged wood duck or deuhnah Areca nut tree or tamul goss The biodiversity of Assam, a state in North-East India, makes it a biological hotspot with many rare and endemic plant and animal species. The greatest success in recent years has been the conservation of the Indian rhinoceros at the Kaziranga National Park, but a rapid increase in human population in Assam threatens many plants and animals and their natural habitats. The rhinoceros, tiger, deer or chital / futukihorina (Axis axis), swamp deer or dolhorina (Cervus duvauceli duvauceli), clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa), hoolock gibbon, pygmy hog or nol-gahori (Porcula salvania), hispid hare, golden langur (Trachypithecus geei), golden cat, giant civet, binturong, hog badger, porcupine, and civet are found in Assam. Moreover, there are abundant numbers of Gangetic dolphins, mongooses, giant squirrels and pythons.
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Ornate mantapa at Kalleshvara Temple (987 CE) in Bagali, Davanagere district Agriculture was the empire's main source of income through taxes on land and produce. The majority of the people lived in villages and worked farming the staple crops of rice, pulses, and cotton in the dry areas and sugarcane in areas having sufficient rainfall, with areca and betel being the chief cash crops. The living conditions of the labourers who farmed the land must have been bearable as there are no records of revolts by the landless against wealthy landlords. If peasants were disgruntled the common practice was to migrate in large numbers out of the jurisdiction of the ruler who was mistreating them, thereby depriving him of revenue from their labor.Thapar (2002), p373 Taxes were levied on mining and forest products, and additional income was raised through tolls for the use of transportation facilities.
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This farm was originally started in 1905 by Sir Charles Alfred Barber at the behest of the Madras Government, based on the recommendation of the Famine Commission of 1880 of Government of India. Although the objective was to do research on pepper, the activities of the farm were further extended to agroclimatic experiments, hybridization and production and distribution of seeds and seedlings. Covering an area of 56 hectares, the farm has a rich biodiversity with a variety of indigenous and exotic fruit trees (such as Mangosteen, Rambutan, and Durian), spices and medicinal plants. The lush greenery with its array of crops such as Coconut, Areca nut, Cashew, Mango, Sapota, Jack, Coffee, Cocoa, Nutmeg, Clove and Pepper and the adjoining paddy field attracts many nature lovers and environmentalists to the farm. Recognizing the importance of the flora and fauna of the station, Kannur District Panchayat has established a ‘Biodiversity Centre’ and an ‘Indigenous Technology Knowledge Centre’ at the farm in 2005.
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In 1974, the George Town City Council was merged with the Penang Island Rural District Council to form the Penang Island Municipal Council (now Penang Island City Council). The arms of the municipality is displayed on a native shield and contains much local symbolism, but generally conforms to traditional English heraldic principles, and may be blazoned as follows.MPPP - Introduction/Logo :Shield: Barry wavy of eight Azure and Argent a chief embattled Or overall a Pinang or areca-nut palm leaved and fructed Proper :Crest: On a wreath of the Colours mantled Vert doubled Or a crescent therefrom issuant a mullet of the Last :Supporters: On a compartment of waves barry wavy Azure and Argent issuant therefrom a mount Vert two dolphins hauriant torqued of the First finned Or :Motto: "Memimpin Sambil Berkhidmat" (Malay: "Leading We Serve") The municipal arms is retained by the Penang Island City Council when it was accorded city status for the entire Penang Island in 2015, hence succeeding the Municipal Council.
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The institute has a well established farm land of for carrying out crop research, out of which are dedicated to coffee research ( of arabica and of robusta), are used for growing CXR, are apportioned for nurseries, roads and buildings, and the balance area of is a reserve area for future expansion. The research farm has a well established network of check dams that provides a regulated water source to the plantations which offer a wide range of shade tree species under which coffee is grown, and germplasm and exotic material from all the coffee growing countries including Ethiopia which is known as the home land of Arabica. In addition, crop diversification with crops such as pepper and areca are also part of income generating programmes of the institute. Part of the institute includes a research laboratory to carry out research in identified disciplines, as well as a stocked library with books and periodicals, not only on coffee but also on other crops.
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The sapèque was especially beneficial for people who both earn and spend little money as sapèques could purchase items which were worth less than a cent, or even half, a quarter or a sixth of a cent due to their small denominations. The products described by Lemire which were of a value smaller than a cent in the year 1868 include an areca nut, betel leaves, tobacco, cigarettes, a single cup of tea, a single slice of pineapple, an orange fruit, a jackfruit, a fragment of sugar cane, a spoonful of fish sauce, or a palm leaf hat. These products were all purchasable with a small number of sapèques which is why these coins continued to be preferred in less wealthy areas. Because of the inconveniences associated with sapèques the European population of French Cochinchina found the introduction of the French franc to be essential for their daily payments and purchases. The accounting of the Saigon branch of the Comptoir Nationale d’Escompte de Paris was kept in centimes and francs coins, but the organisation kept 4 real and 8 real coins available for merchants.
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The Gangavadi region consists of the malnad region, the plains (Bayaluseemae) and semi-malnad with lower elevation and rolling hills being the buffer region. The main crops of the malnad were paddy, betel leaves, cardamom and pepper and semi-malnad with its lower altitude produced rice, millets such as ragi and corn, pulses, oilseeds and was the base for cattle farming.Adiga (2006), p6 The plains to the east are the flat lands fed by Kaveri, Tungabhadra and Vedavati rivers where cultivation of sugarcane, paddy, orchards of coconut, areca nut (adeka totta), betel leaves, plantain and flowers (vara vana) were cultivated.Adiga (2006), p10from the Melkote plates and Mamballi inscriptions, Medutambihalli inscription of 9th century (Adiga 2006, p53) The importance of excavation of new irrigation tanks and repairs to existing ones are reflected in epigraphs of the period which phrase it as Arasaru Kattida Kere (tank built by the king)Gattavadi plates of Neetimarga Ereganga II of 904, Betamangala inscription of Vaidumba feudatory, Nerilage inscription (Adiga 2006, p40) Elites such as gavundas (landlord), feudatory rulers, officials, mahajans (Brahmins), traders (setti) and even artisans contributed to tank building.
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