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"archduchess" Definitions
  1. (in the past) the wife of an archduke or a daughter of the Emperor of Austria
"archduchess" Synonyms
noblewoman lady peeress dame gentlewoman milady aristocrat duchess baroness patrician peer countess noble empress queen princess contessa marquise ruler sovereign

859 Sentences With "archduchess"

How to use archduchess in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "archduchess" and check conjugation/comparative form for "archduchess". Mastering all the usages of "archduchess" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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Countess Olympia, meanwhile, is the great-great-great niece of Archduchess Marie-Louise, the second wife of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The Queen, 91, dined at the Ivy on Thursday to mark the 80th birthday of the Archduchess Helena of Habsburg.
Among the debutantes: Archduchess Isabella von Habsburg, who is the great-great-great granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Sissi of Austria.
Early in his career, Noverre also had the distinction of serving as the young Archduchess Marie Antoinette's dancing instructor in Vienna, before her departure for France.
Under terms of this decree, co-signed by Belgium's Justice Minister, Elisabetta was deprived of the title Princess of Belgium – but instead is known as the Archduchess.
Coincidentally, Countess Olympia is the great-great-great niece of Archduchess Marie-Louise, who married Napoleon Bonaparte in 1810 to help end conflicts between France and Austria.
Early in his career, Noverre also had the distinction of serving as dancing instructor to the young Archduchess Marie Antoinette in Vienna, before her departure for France.
Ms. von Habsburg, the American archduchess who married into Austrian-Hungarian aristocracy, said that she has a low-key life except for occasional formal large family gatherings in castles throughout Europe.
Marie Antoinette, an Austrian Archduchess who married the future King Louis XVI, secretly sent the jewels abroad in a wooden chest to her sister as they planned to escape from Paris.
Finally, tell us more about what you think: The article mentions Cajun lore about a white alligator and a legend about Archduchess Isabella of Austria being the basis for the related condition, isabellinism.
The opening, three centuries after the apartments' inauguration to celebrate the marriage of the Electoral Prince Friedrich August and the Archduchess Maria Josepha, follows a $38 million reconstruction involving handmade tapestries and ceiling paintings.
In 1770, six years before the founding of both the United States of America and the San Francisco mission, the Viennese court of the Archduchess Maria Theresa of the House of Habsburg entertained a visitor called The Turk.
The family acquired some pieces directly from Napoleon's relatives, and the new Edinburgh museum displays will include a gilded tea service that belonged to his second wife, Archduchess Marie-Louise, as well as cutlery and combs made for his sister Pauline.
The royal's marriage to Countess Olympia has made headlines throughout the world, as it was revealed that his Austrian bride is the great-great-great niece of Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria — also known as the second wife of Napoleon Bonaparte.
The Paris wedding holds historical significance as it is the first time the former Imperial House of France and the House of Hapsburg have reunited since Napoleon married the Archduchess of Austria nearly two centuries ago, according to The Mirror.
Legend has it — and surely it was just that — that the color isabella (and hence "isabellinism") is named after the Archduchess Isabella of Austria, who supposedly made a strange vow at the start of the 17th century not to change her underwear until her husband, the Archduke Albert, had conquered the city of Ostend and united the country's provinces.
Vytlačil, p. 8 His pupils would include Maria Theresia Paradis, Archduchess Elisabeth of Württemberg and Archduchess Marie Louise.Hogwood, p. 626 His appointment to teach Archduchess Elizabeth was an official court position, succeeding Georg Christoph Wagenseil.
Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria (Maria Karoline Luise Christine, Erzherzogin von Österreich; 10 September 1825 – 17 July 1915) was an Archduchess of Austria.
Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria (Maria Amalia Josephe Johanna Katharina Theresia; 15 October 1780 - 25 December 1798) was an Archduchess of Austria by birth.
File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen 9.jpg File:Antonio Canova Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina Augustinerkirche (Wien) panoramic sculpture Austria 2014 photo Paolo Villa August FOTO8412 - FOTO8425auto.jpg File:Cenotaph of Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen.jpg File:Wien Hofburg Augustinerkirche ed 2009 PD 20091007 007.
Her maternal family had reigned in Spain, Parma, Modena, Portugal and France. The fourth of five sisters, Archduchess Maria Antonia was raised paired with her younger sister Archduchess Assumpta.
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (mother of 20) 42\. Prince Francis of the Two Siclies, Count of Trapani (father of 21) 43\. Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria (mother of 21) 44\.
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (Maria Anna Ferdinanda Josepha Charlotte Johanna; 21 April 1770 – 1 October 1809) was an Archduchess of Austria by birth, and an Abbess at the Theresian Convent in Prague.
Archduchess Mechthildis and her husband Prince Olgierd Czartoryski, 1913. Archduke Charles Stephen put aside his career in the navy and centered his ambitions in creating a Polish branch of the house of Habsburg. He encouraged all of his children to become Polish and Archduchess Mechtildis, like her sister Archduchess Renata, married a Polish Prince, Olgierd Czartoryski, in 1913. The marriage took place on 11 January 1913 at Zywiec Castle, Saybusch, Poland, two days after her eldest sister Archduchess Eleonora married Alfons von Kloss.
In 1822 the couple bore their first daughter and the Archduchess served as Godmother. The archduchess also granted him a pension for life. In 1830 he was also consulted by Franz, Duke of Reichstadt ("Napoleon II").
Archduchess Margaret of Austria (25 January 1567 – 5 July 1633), was an Austrian archduchess member of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor by his wife Maria of Spain.
Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Ernestina Antonia Johanna Josefa; 12 January 1740 - 25 January 1741), was the third child and daughter of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, later Holy Roman Empress and Duke Francis of Lorraine.
Archduchess Isabella of Austria with her husband, Prince Georg of Bavaria, c. 1918.
Margaret of Austria Margaret of Austria () (1536–1567) was an Archduchess of Austria.
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska Marie Karoline Ignatia Salvator (27 January 1892 - 29 January 1930) was the eldest daughter of Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria and Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria. Through her mother, she was a granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria.
Archduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria (Margarete Sophie Marie Annunciata Theresia Caroline Luise Josephe Johanna; 13 May 1870 - 24 August 1902) was a member of the House of Habsburg and an Archduchess of Austria by birth. She was married to Duke Albrecht of Württemberg.
He was buried there. His grandniece Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria was named after him. Archduchess Maria Clementina was a daughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain. Maria Luisa was his niece by his sister Maria Amalia of Saxony.
In 2020 d'Ambrosio married the Austrian Archduchess Eleonore von Habsburg at the Civil Registry of Monaco.
Archduchess Agnes Christina of Austria (; 14 December 1928 – 31 August 2007) was a member of the Tuscan line of the House of Habsburg and an Archduchess of Austria and a Princess of Tuscany by birth. She was the great-granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph of Austria-Hungary.
Theirs was a multicultural household as Assunta's paternal ancestors had reigned in Austria, Tuscany and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Her maternal family had reigned in Spain, Parma, Modena, Portugal and France. The youngest of five sisters, Archduchess Assunta was raised paired with her sister Archduchess Maria Antonia.
Archduchess Magdalena of Austria Archduchess Magdalena of Austria (German: Magdalena von Habsburg) (August 14, 1532 in Innsbruck - September 10, 1590 in Hall in Tirol)Profile on Darlene's Family Genealogy was a member of the House of Habsburg, and the founder and first abbess of the convent in Hall in Tirol.
Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria (Full name (German): Maria Elisabeth Amalia Antonia Josefa Gabriele Johanna Agathe; 5 February 1737 - 7 June 1740), was the eldest child and daughter of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, later Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and Duke Francis of Lorraine, later Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor.
Archduchess Maria Carolina, Archduchess Marie Antoinette and Archduke Maximilian, 1763. Maria Theresa's parents, Crown Prince Joseph (future Holy Roman Emperor) and Princess Isabella of Parma were married in Vienna on 16 October 1760. In late 1761, Isabella became pregnant and on 20 March 1762, she delivered a daughter who was christened Maria Theresia Elisabeth Philippine Louise Josephe Johanna cites: and was styled Archduchess of Austria. On her maternal side, little Maria Theresa descended from people such as the first Bourbon King of Spain, Philip V of Spain.
Archduchess Mechthildis was a daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. Both of her parents were closely related to Emperor Franz Joseph. Mechthildis’s father was a grandson of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen who had led the Austrian army against Napoleon Bonaparte. Her father was a brother of Queen Maria Christina of Spain. Mechthildis’s mother, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany was a granddaughter of Leopold II, the last reigning Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Archduchess Eleonora was the eldest daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and his wife, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. Both of her parents were closely related to Emperor Franz Joseph. Her father, a grandson of archduke Karl of Austria who had led the Austrian army against Napoleon Bonaparte, was a brother of Queen Maria Christina of Spain. Eleonora’s mother, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany, was a granddaughter of Leopold II, the last reigning Grand Duke of Tuscany.
168 et seq. She became to close their daughter Archduchess Maria Anna. In 1790, Leopold became Holy Roman Emperor. Naudet and her sister Luisa joined the Imperial Consort Maria Louisa when Leopold's court moved to Vienna. In 1791, Archduchess Maria Anna became Abbess of the Chapter of Nuns of St. George's Convent, Prague.
Notable among the church's monuments is the memorial to Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria sculpted by Antonio Canova, in 1805.
The crown prince of Naples, Francis, was married to the Archduchess of Austria Maria Clementina, daughter of Emperor Leopold II.
Archduchess Maria Johanna of Austria (; ; 4 February 1750 23 December 1762) was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany, Hungary and Bohemia as the eleventh child and eighth daughter of Francis Stephen of Lorraine, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa. She was described as likeable and good- natured, but died aged 12 of smallpox.
Archduchess Zita soon conceived a son, and Otto was born 20 November 1912. Seven more children followed in the next decade.
Maria Annunciata was born in Caserta, the daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria.
When she became a widow during the Spanish civil war Archduchess Maria Antonia moved permanently to South America where she remarried.
Archduchess Assunta of Austria was born on 10 August 1902 in Vienna, Austria. She was the eighth of ten children of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863–1931) and his wife Infanta Blanca of Spain (1868–1949). She was given the baptismal names Assunta Alice Ferdinandine Blanca Leopoldina Margarethe Beatrix Raphaela Michaela Philomena.McIntosh, The Archduchess From Texas, p.
Ludwig Fürst Starhemberg. Eine Lebensskizze, p.167 In 1756 the Treaty of Versailles was concluded with his participation. In Paris, Starhemberg also successfully negotiated the marriage between the Habsburg Archduchess Maria Antonia and the Duke of Berry, the future king Louis XVI of France. In 1770 he accompanied the archduchess to the first encounter with her future husband.
Maria Isabella was the third child and youngest daughter of Duke Philipp of Württemberg and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria.
Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (30 August 1798 – 15 June 1857) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
Archduchess Renate was the second daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and his wife, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. Both of her parents were closely related to Emperor Franz Joseph. Renata’s father was a grandson of Archduke Karl of Austria who had led the Austrian army against Napoleon Bonaparte. Her father was also a brother of Queen Maria Christina of Spain. Renate’s mother, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany was a granddaughter of Leopold II, the last reigning Grand Duke of Tuscany, and of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies.
Archduchess Assunta of Austria ;(10 August 1902 – 24 January 1993) was the youngest daughter of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria and Infanta Blanca of Spain. She was a member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg, an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany by birth. Born and raised in the twilight years of the Austrian Empire, Archduchess Assunta lived in exile in Barcelona, Spain after the fall of the Habsburg monarchy. She entered religious life in a convent in Barcelona, but was forced to leave it in 1936 due to disturbances during the Spanish Civil War.
David Landau in Jane Martineau (ed), The Genius of Venice, 1500–1600, 1983, Royal Academy of Arts, London. By March 1510 he was working for Philip's successor Archduchess Margaret in Brussels and Mechelen. In January 1511 he fell ill and made a will, and in March the Archduchess gave him a pension for life, on account of his age and weakness ("debilitation et vieillesse"). By 1516 he had died, leaving the Archduchess in possession of twenty-three engraving plates, which since many of his plates were probably engraved on both sides, means some engravings may not have survived.
Archduchess Maria Amalia, three- quarter-length, in a pink dress embroidered with gold and diamonds, standing beside an electoral crown on a plinth beneath a red curtain. Oil on canvas. Purported to have belonged to the Saxe-Coburg family. The Archduchess (1746−1804) was the daughter of the Austrian Empress, Maria Theresa and sister of Queen Marie Antoinette of France.
Berthe married Carlos, Duke of Madrid, second son, eldest son of Juan, Count of Montizón and his wife Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este, on 28 April 1894 in Prague. After the death of his first wife Princess Margherita of Bourbon-Parma, their union encouraged by his mother Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este (1824–1906) and produced no issue.
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (27 October 1835 - 5 February 1840), was by birth an Archduchess of Austria and member of the House of Habsburg. She was the fourth child and only daughter of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and his wife, Princess Sophie of Bavaria, daughter of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Caroline of Baden.
Archduchess Helena of Austria. Archduchess Helena of Austria (; January 7, 1543 in Vienna – March 5, 1574 in Hall in Tirol) was a member of the House of Habsburg and co-founder of the convent in Hall in Tirol. She was the tenth (but ninth surviving) daughter of fifteen children of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and his wife Anne of Bohemia and Hungary.
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria () (18 September 1862, Alt-Bunzlau, Bohemia, Austrian Empire - 10 May 1933, Schloss Saybusch, Saybusch, Poland) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Tuscany and Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Tuscany by birth. Maria Theresia was the eldest child and eldest daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria and his wife, Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
Maria Theresa was also close to her youngest paternal aunt, Archduchess Maria Antonia, just seven years her senior. She was Maria Theresa's first grandchild.
Isabelle was the eldest child and daughter of Emanuel, Hereditary Prince of Salm-Salm (1871–1916) and his wife Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria.
Ludwig Philipp was the fourth child and son of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria.
Arnulf was born in Munich, Bavaria. He was the youngest son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria.
Elisabeth of Württemberg (Elisabeth Wilhelmine Luise; 21 April 1767 – 18 February 1790) was an Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Archduke Francis of Austria.
Archduchess Yolande of Austria (née Princesse Yolande Marie Jeanne Charlotte de Ligne; born 6 May 1923) is the widow of Archduke Carl Ludwig of Austria.
After her husband's premature death, she was married, on 19 April 1626, to Leopold V, Archduke of Austria, and thus became Archduchess consort of Austria.
Dona Maria Leopoldina of Austria (22 January 1797 – 11 December 1826) was an archduchess of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil and Queen consort of Portugal.
Portrait of Archduchess Gregoria Maximiliana, by Jakob de Monte, ca. 1592/93 Archduchess Gregoria Maximiliana of Austria (22 May 1581 – 20 September 1597) was a member of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Archduke Charles II of Austria, the son of Emperor Ferdinand I, and Maria Anna of Bavaria. Her elder brother Archduke Ferdinand, succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619.
Portrait of Archduchess Eleanor, by Frans Pourbus the younger, ca. 1603 Eleanor of Austria (25 September 1582 – 28 January 1620), was an Austrian archduchess and a member of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Archduke Charles II of Austria, the son of Emperor Ferdinand I; and of Maria Anna of Bavaria. Her elder brother Archduke Ferdinand succeeded as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619.
Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany was born on 30 August 1798 in Florence. She was the daughter of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Luisa of Naples and Sicily. By birth she was an archduchess of Austria and a princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany. She was a sister of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Maria Theresa of Austria.
His most valuable commission by Archduchess Isabella was a series of eight paintings commemorating the Ommegang procession held in Brussels on 31 May 1615 for which he received 10,000 guilders. He received the commission before September 1615. It is likely that only six of the originally commissioned eight works were eventually executed. These were kept at the Archduchess' palace of Tervuren, located north-east of Brussels.
These apartments, on the ground floor of the Krisztinaváros Wing, were designed in 1902 for Archduke Joseph August of Austria (1872–1962), the head of the Hungarian branch of the Habsburgs and his wife, Archduchess Augusta (1875–1964). They could be reached from the lobby of the Krisztinaváros wing through a long passageway. The most important rooms were (in due course): the salon, where guests were entertained; the great parlour; parlour; dining room; the Archduke's study; the Archduke's bedroom; the Archduchess' bedroom; the Archduchess' study; and the breakfast parlour. All rooms had a relatively simple decoration with white stuccoed ceilings and stucco panels above the doorways.
Liotard Maria Antonia Born on 19 March 1751, Maria Josepha was the ninth but sixth surviving daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. After the death of her sister-in-law Princess Isabella of Parma, Maria Josepha was the most important female at court after her mother, niece Archduchess Maria Theresia and sister Archduchess Maria Amalia. She lost that position in May 1767 when her older brother Archduke Joseph married a second cousin, Maria Josepha of Bavaria. Empress Maria Theresa wanted to marry her fourth eldest surviving daughter, Archduchess Maria Amalia, to Ferdinand of Naples and Sicily for political reasons.
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria (, ; 20 March 176223 January 1770) was a daughter of Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, and his first wife, Isabella of Parma.
Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este (10 December 1776 – 23 June 1848), was an Electress of Bavaria as the second spouse of Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria.
They were Archduchess Hermine of Austria (14 September 1817, Buda – 13 February 1842, Vienna), and Archduke Stephen of Austria (14 September 1817, Buda – 19 February 1867, Menton).
In the family circle, she spent most time with her favorite grandchild, Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, who later became the wife of her arch-enemy Napoleon.
Archduchess Maria Carolina Ferdinanda of Austria (8 April 1801 – 22 May 1832) was Crown Princess of Saxony as the wife of Frederick Augustus, Crown Prince of Saxony.
Archduchess Renate of Austria (2 January 1888 – 9 December 1935) was a daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and a first cousin of King Alphonso XIII of Spain. A member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth, she renounced her titles in 1909 upon her marriage to Prince Jerome Radziwiłł.
Emperor Franz Joseph was inflexible on family matters, but he was a good friend of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and gave his permission. The wedding, a modest ceremony, took place on 9 January 1913 at Saybusch, Poland, two days before the wedding of her sister Archduchess Mechthildis of Austria. Archduchess Eleanore renounced to her titles upon her marriage becoming simply Mrs von Kloss. The couple settled in Istria.
O'Malley, 178. After the death of Mary's father in September 1506, her mother's mental health began to deteriorate. Mary, along with her brother, Archduke Charles, and her sisters, Archduchesses Eleanor and Isabella, was put into the care of her paternal aunt, Archduchess Margaret, while two other siblings, Archduke Ferdinand and posthumously-born Archduchess Catherine, remained in Castile. Mary, Isabella, and Eleanor were educated together at their aunt's court in Mechelen.
Maria Josepha of Bavaria (Maria Josepha Antonia Walburga Felicitas Regula, 20 March 173928 May 1767) was Holy Roman Empress, Queen of the Romans, Archduchess of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany, etc. by her marriage to Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor. By birth, she was a Princess and Duchess of Bavaria as the daughter of Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor, Elector of Bavaria, and Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria.
Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (21 May 1834 - 14 July 1901), was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany by birth and Countess of Trapani by marriage to her uncle Prince Francis, Count of Trapani. Maria Isabella was born in Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany, as the daughter of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his second wife, Princess Maria Antonia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
In Vienna on 6 January 1788, Elisabeth and Francis were married. At this time, Emperor Joseph was in ill health; the young archduchess was close to the emperor and brightened his last years with her youthful charm. At the end of 1789, Elisabeth became pregnant; however, her condition was very delicate. On the night of 18 February, she prematurely gave birth to Archduchess Ludovika Elisabeth, who lived for only 16 months.
St. Rumbold's was the venue for the 2008 wedding of Count Rodolphe de Limburg Stirum to Archduchess Marie-Christine of Austria, daughter of Princess Marie- Astrid of Luxembourg.
Archduchess Margarethe Klementine Maria of Austria (in German: Margarethe Klementine Maria, Erzherzogin von Österreich; in Hungarian: Habsburg–Toscanai Margit Klementina Mária főhercegnő; 6 July 1870, Alcsút, Austria-Hungary– 2 May 1955, Regensburg) was a member of the Hungarian line of the House of Habsburg and an Archduchess of Austria by birth. Through her marriage to Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Margarethe Klementine was also a member of the House of Thurn and Taxis.
Archduchess Maria Henrietta, full German name: Maria Henrietta Caroline Gabriele, Erzherzogin von Österreich (10 January 1883, Preßburg, Austria–Hungary - 2 September 1956, Mariazell, Austria) was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. Through her marriage to Prince Gottfried Maximilian of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Maria Henrietta became a member of the house of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst.
Maria Carolina was the fourth child and third-eldest daughter of Prince Francis of Bourbon- Two Sicilies, Count of Trapani and his wife Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria, Princess of Tuscany.
Clementina of Austria ( 1 March 1798 - 3 September 1881) was an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Salerno upon her marriage to Prince Leopold of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno.
Archduchess Louise of Austria (2 September 1870 in Salzburg - 23 March 1947 in Brussels), was by marriage Crown Princess of Saxony as the wife of the future King Frederick Augustus III.
Archduchess Maria Christina Isabelle Natalie of Austria, full German name: Maria Christina Isabelle Natalie, Erzherzogin von Österreich (17 November 1879, Kraków, Grand Duchy of Cracow, Austria–Hungary - 6 August 1962, Anholt) was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. Through her marriage to Emanuel Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Salm-Salm, Maria Christina was also Hereditary Princess of Salm-Salm.
Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria (13 July 1899 – 22 October 1977) was a daughter of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria and Infanta Blanca of Spain. She was member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg, an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany by birth. In 1919, after the fall of the Austro Hungary Empire, she moved with her family to Spain. In 1924 she married Ramón de Orlandis y Villalonga, a Spanish aristocrat.
Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria was born on 13 July 1899 at Zagreb, then part of Austria-Hungary. She was the sixth of ten children of Archduke Leopold Salvator of Austria (1863–1931) and of his wife Infanta Blanca of Spain (1868–1949). She was given the baptismal names Maria Antonia Roberta Blanka Leopoldina Karole Josepha Raphaela Michaela Ignatia Aurelia, but was called Mimi, by her family. Archduchess Maria Antonia grew up in the last period of Habsburg monarchy.
He was legally acknowledged as a son of his mother's husband Prince Friedrich Franz von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst, second cousin of Archduchess Franziska of Austria, although Franz Salvator was his biological father.
During the Second World War she emigrated with most of her family to the United States to escape the Nazis. Archduchess Adelheid later returned to Europe. She died unmarried in Pöcking, Bavaria.
Wing facing the district of Krisztinaváros The Krisztinaváros wing faces the district of Krisztinaváros, which was named in honour of the daughter of Queen Maria Theresa, Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen.
Tomb of Mathilde of Austria-Teschen at the Imperial Crypt in Vienna, Austria Archduchess Mathilde was buried in the imperial vault in the Imperial Crypt beside her mother and her brother Karl Albrecht.
Margherita, Dowager Archduchess of Austria-Este (née Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta; born 7 April 1930) is the first-born child of the late Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta, and Princess Anne d'Orléans.
Princess Stéphanie Windisch-Graetz (17 July 1939 – 12 July 2019) was the daughter of Prince Franz Joseph zu Windisch-Graetz and granddaughter of Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria. Archduchess Elisabeth was the daughter of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria and granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. She became an artist, known for her photographic portraits using only candles as a source of light, and for her sensual images from the animal world. She married Dermot Blundell-Hollinshead-Blundell (1935–2009).
She is said to have been intellectually disabled (like her eldest brother, Emperor Ferdinand I) and to have suffered from a severe facial deformity. After living in Schönbrunn Palace, she was moved in 1835 to Hetzendorf Palace, where she spent the rest of her life, and where she died on 28 December 1858. Marie Anne was buried at the Capuchin Church in Vienna, more specifically in the Imperial Crypt, the burial place of her siblings Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, Ferdinand I of Austria, Archduchess Marie Caroline, Archduchess Caroline Ludovika of Austria, Archduke Johann Nepomuk of Austria, Archduchess Amalie Theresa of Austria, and Archduke Franz Karl of Austria. Her parents, Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily, and her great-grandmother, Maria Theresa of Austria, are also buried there.
Archduchess Adelheid of Austria (3 January 1914birth record in church book of parish Vienna - Hetzendorf, p. 03-Taufe_0267 – 2 October 1971) was a member of the Austrian imperial family, the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
The children of the couple are, since 1991, titled Archduke (Archduchess) of Austria-Este and Prince(ss) of Belgium. The eldest of these is Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este, born 1986.
Franz- Josef was born at Schloß Leutstetten near Starnberg, Bavaria. He is the eldest son of Prince Rasso of Bavaria and his wife, Archduchess Theresa of Austria, and belongs to the House of Wittelsbach.
Prince Lorenz was born in Belvedere Clinic, Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine, France, as the second child of Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este and his wife, Archduchess Margaret (née Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta).
Barbara of Austria (30 April 1539 - 19 September 1572), was an Archduchess of Austria as a member of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Duchess consort of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio during 1565–1572.
Marie Thérèse was the fifth child and fourth daughter of Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, and his second wife, Archduchess Rosa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. She was born at Altshausen Castle, Baden- Württemberg, Germany.
Margherita married Carlos, Duke of Madrid, eldest son of Juan, Count of Montizón and his wife Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria- Este, on 4 February 1867 at Schloss Frohsdorf in Frohsdorf, Lower Austria, Austrian Empire.
On her paternal side, she descended from the famous Maria Theresa and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. Her ancestors could be traced to as far as Charles I Magnus, a ninth-century Holy Roman Emperor. When the little archduchess was a little over a year old, her mother died a week after giving birth to Archduchess Marie Christine, who died a few moments after being born. Her father was inconsolable and found refuge in his infant daughter, whom he referred to as his "second self".
Archduchess Mechthildis of Austria (11 October 1891 – 6 February 1966) was a daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and a first cousin of King Alphonso XIII of Spain. She was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Hungary, and Bohemia by birth. In 1913 she married Prince Olgierd Czartoryski. The couple had four children and lived in Poland until the outbreak of World War II when they emigrated to Brazil.
Eleonora was born in Mantua on 23 September, 1598,Semenov 2002, p. 198. as the youngest child of Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Monferrato, and his wife and first cousin Eleonora de' Medici. On her father's side her grandparents were Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrato and his wife Archduchess Eleanor of Austria, and on her mother's side her grandparents were Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his first wife Archduchess Joanna of Austria.Braun, Keller, Schnettger 2016, pp. 118–119.
Archduchess Eleonora of Austria (28 November 1886 – 26 May 1974) was a daughter of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and a first cousin of King Alphonso XIII of Spain. She was member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. She renounced to her titles upon her morganatic marriage to Alfons Kloss, the captain of her father's yacht. During World War II her sons served in the German army.
Her tender letters to the prince are sometimes interpreted to contain more than a tutor's affection. In her constant correspondence with the Archduchess Maria she reported in details the life of King Sigismund and his court. I've never seen a man who would cry so much she reported on May 19, 1598, describing the monarch bidding farewell to his children before leaving for Sweden. As noted Stanisław Kobierzycki, she replaced the deceased Queen, since she was not unpleasant to the King (as wrote Archduchess Maria Anna).
The King was then suggested to marry Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria. The archduchess was a famed beauty, but when she suffered from smallpox, which badly scarred her face, marriage negotiations were discontinued. Instead, Louis XV introduced his last official maîtresse- en-titre, Madame du Barry, to court in 1769, whom Madame Adélaïde came to despise. In the last years of their father's reign, Adélaïde and her sisters were described as bitter old hags, who spent their days gossiping and knitting in their rooms.
Archduchess Mathilde of Austria (Mathilde Marie Adelgunde Alexandra; 25 January 1849 – 6 June 1867) was an Austrian noblewoman. She was the second daughter of Archduke Albert, Duke of Teschen and Princess Hildegard of Bavaria (1825–1864).
Archduchess Maria Annunciata took her religious duties in connection with her office more to heart than any of her predecessors. She considered it to be incumbent upon her to break off her engagement to the Prince.
Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (; 2 December 1797 in Hoym, Germany - 14 September 1817 in Budapest, Hungary) was by birth a princess of the House of Ascania and by marriage an Archduchess of Austria.
The elder Archduchess Sophie, who often referred to Elisabeth as a "silly young mother",Cunliffe-Owen, Marguerite, Martyrdom of an Empress, Kessinger Publishing, 2005 not only named the child (after herself) without consulting the mother, but took complete charge of the baby, refusing to allow Elisabeth to breastfeed or otherwise care for her own child. When a second daughter, Archduchess Gisela of Austria (1856–1932), was born a year later, the Archduchess took the baby away from Elisabeth as well.Chauviere, Emily, The Marriage of Emperor Francis Joseph and Elisabeth of Austria, 12 August 2011 The fact that she had not produced a male heir made Elisabeth increasingly unwanted in the palace. One day she found a pamphlet on her desk with the following words underlined: Her mother-in-law is generally considered to be the source of the malicious pamphlet.
Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela Josepha Antonia, commonly called Johanna, was born at the Vienna Hofburg on 4 February 1750 as the eleventh child and eighth daughter of Francis Stephen of Lorraine, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. One year later, she was joined by a sister, Archduchess Maria Josepha. Joanna Gabriela and her favourite sister, Josepha Maria Johanna was part of a string of children born soon after one another and was thus placed in the Kindskammer (the imperial nursery) along with her siblings Maria Josepha, Maria Carolina, Ferdinand Charles, Maria Antonia and Maximilian Francis; they were mainly looked after by ladies-in-waiting and their attendants. At the age of five, Johanna received her own suite of rooms in the imperial palace and some additional tutors.
Infante Francis of Spain, Duke of Cádiz (father of #16) 33\. Isabella II of Spain (mother of #16) 34\. Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria (father of 17) 35\. Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria, (mother of 17) 36\.
Archduchess Maria of Austria (German: Erzherzogin Maria von Österreich) (Innsbruck, 16 June 1584 - Innsbruck, 2 March 1649) was the daughter of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria and his second wife Anne Juliana Gonzaga. She became a nun.
Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska Maria of Austria (17 January 1831 - 14 February 1903) was born in Ofen (Buda), Hungary, the daughter of Palatine Joseph of Hungary (1776–1847) and his third wife Maria Dorothea of Württemberg (1797–1855).
Portrait of Maria Elisabeth of Austria by Jan van Orley Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria (13 December 1680 in Linz – 26 August 1741 in Mariemont, Morlanwelz), was the governor of the Austrian Netherlands between 1725 and 1741.
That was his unique first hand opinion about Nunes Garcia. The writings of Porto Alegre which claim that he regarded the Brazilian composer as "one of the greatest improvisers of the world", or that "he admired his self-education in music" are suspicious, because he is not even mentioned in Neukomm's autobiography. In 1817, prince Dom Pedro married archduchess Maria Leopoldina Josepha Carolina, daughter of the Emperor of Austria. The archduchess, who had a thorough religious and musical education, brought with her an ensemble of 16 musicians. She arrived in Rio on November 5.
Archduchess Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele of Austria, full German name: Maria Anna Isabelle Epiphanie Eugenie Gabriele, Erzherzogin von Österreich (6 January 1882, Linz, Upper Austria, Austria–Hungary - 25 February 1940, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland) was a member of the Teschen branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. Through her marriage to Prince Elias of Bourbon-Parma (later Duke of Parma), Maria Anna was also a member of the House of Bourbon-Parma and a Princess of Bourbon-Parma.
Archduchess Helena of Austria (full German name: Helena Marie Alice Christine Josefa Anna Margareta Madeleine Walburga Blandina Cäcilie Philomena Carmela Ignatia Rita de Cascia, Erzherzogin von Österreich, Prinzessin von Toskana; 30 October 1903 - 8 September 1924) was a member of the Tuscan branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. Through her marriage to Philipp Albrecht, Hereditary Duke of Württemberg, Helena was also a member of the House of Württemberg and Hereditary Duchess consort of Württemberg.
160px Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este () (14 July 1817, Modena, Duchy of Modena and Reggio - 25 March 1886, Gorizia, Austria–Hungary) was a member of the House of Austria-Este and Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary, Bohemia, and Modena by birth. Henri was disputedly King of France and Navarre from 2 to 9 August 1830 and afterwards the Legitimist pretender to the throne of France from 1844 to 1883. Maria Theresa was the eldest child of Francis IV, Duke of Modena and his niece-wife Maria Beatrice of Savoy.
The marriage of her brother allowed her more time for her hobbies and travelling. Following Queen Mercedes' early death in the same year as her marriage, Isabel chose Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria as her new sister-in-law and promoted her as a wife to her brother. She was a niece of Isabel's good friend Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria, who had been a second mother to Gaetan and his siblings. The early death of her brother in 1885 was a terrible blow to Isabel, who had treasured their relationship.
Before the First World War, Blankenberge was an exclusive holiday resort frequently attended by Royalty. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg as well as his sister Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria and her husband Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein and his niece Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria were regular holiday makers in Blankenberge. They stayed in a special wing of the Grand Hotel des Bains et des Families. The Archduke enjoyed his walks to Wenduine and attended service daily at the St Rochus church.
He wanted to marry Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, the eighth child of Empress Maria Theresa. He was well known in the Austrian court, and Maria Amalia was also in love with him. However, Maria Theresa deemed him of insufficient rank to marry an archduchess. Moreover, she wanted to strengthen Austria's alliance with the House of Bourbon by marrying a daughter to Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, a grandson of the French king, Louis XV. This was to be Maria Amalia, due to the death of another daughter, Maria Josepha.
Claudia Felicitas of Austria (30 May 1653 – 8 April 1676) was by birth an Archduchess of Austria and by marriage Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Archduchess consort of Austria, Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia as the second wife of Leopold I.Leopold I in: www.britannica.com [retrieved 10 November 2016]. A member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic, she had a beautiful singing voice and composed music, and also was passionately fond of hunting. Claudia Felicitas had a great influence on her husband; thanks to her, all her political opponents were removed from court.
Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (full name: Maria Luisa Annunziata Anna Giovanna Giuseppa Antonietta Filomena Apollonia Tommasa) (31 October 1845 – 27 August 1917) was a Princess of Tuscany, and later Princess of Isenburg and Büdingen.
Prince Louis Maria of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Trani (1 August 1838, Naples - 8 June 1886, Paris) was the eldest son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his second wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria.
Franz Joseph was the eldest son of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria. His christening was attended by Franz Joseph I of Austria.Dallmeier, Schad, a.. a. O., S. 156.
Through his daughter, Lady Mary, he was a grandfather of Jaime Corcuera Acheson (born 1955), who married Archduchess Myriam of Austria, a daughter of Archduke Felix of Austria and granddaughter of King Charles I of Austria, in 1983.
Maria Antonia of Parma (Maria Antonia Giuseppa Walburga Anna Luisa Vicenza Margherita Caterina; 28 November 1774 - 20 February 1841) was a Princess of Parma, daughter of Duke Ferdinand I of Parma and his wife, Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria.
Archduchess Eleanor of Austria (2 November 1534 – 5 August 1594) was a Duchess of Mantua by marriage to William I, Duke of Mantua. She was the daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary.
She yielded his request and decided to grant him a single lump sum for his services. However, Coignet died before the sum was paid. The Archduchess Isabella wanted to have his works published, but this plan was not realized.
Through her youngest daughter, Lady Mary, he was a grandfather of Jaime Corcuera Acheson (born 1955), who married Archduchess Myriam of Austria, a daughter of Archduke Felix of Austria and granddaughter of King Charles I of Austria, in 1983.
Maria Teresa was born in Kleinheubach, Kingdom of Bavaria the second daughter of Miguel I of Portugal and Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. Her father became king of Portugal in 1828 after deposing his niece Queen Maria II. He reigned until 1834 when Maria II of Portugal was restored and Miguel was forced into exile. Maria Teresa with Archduke Ferdinand and Archduchess Margareta, her husband’s two youngest children by his second wife Maria Annunziata Described as one of the most beautiful women in Europe, Maria Theresa became the third wife of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria, a younger brother of the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, at Kleinheubach on 23 July 1873. Despite providing him with two daughters Archduchess Maria Annunziata of Austria (1876–1961) and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria (1878–1960), the marriage was an unhappy one due to her husband's bullying and tormenting of her.
It was at Hetzendorf that future Empress Zita gave birth to her daughter, Archduchess Adelheid of Austria, in 1914. Adelheid was the second child of Empress Zita and future Emperor Charles I of Austria. Today it houses a fashion school.
On her mother's side, she was a great-granddaughter of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. Archduchess Mechthildis was educated by private tutors, special emphasis was placed on languages. She learned German, Italian, English, French, and from 1895, Polish.
Maria Anna of Bavaria (21 March 1551, Munich - 29 April 1608, Graz)Maria von Wittelsbach was a politically active Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Archduke Charles II of Austria. She played an important role in the counter reformation in Austria.
Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (Maria Theresia Josefa Johanna; 1 November 1773 - 29 March 1832) was born an archduchess of Austria-Este and a princess of Modena. She was later queen of Sardinia as wife of Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia.
Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (Maria Theresa Henriette Dorothea; 2 July 1849 - 3 February 1919) was the last Queen of Bavaria. She was the daughter and only child of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and his wife, Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria.
Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria (31 May 1922 – 6 January 1993) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. She was the youngest daughter of Charles I, the last Emperor of Austria, and his wife, Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma.
Marie Anne of Austria (Maria Anna Franziska Theresia Josepha Medarde; 8 June 1804 – 28 December 1858) was an Archduchess of Austria and the daughter of Franz II, Holy Roman Emperor and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily.
Karl August was the third son and child of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, and his wife, Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria. After graduating from a local high school, Karl August studied science at the University of Würzburg.
Rosemary was the second child of Emanuel, Hereditary Prince of Salm-Salm and his wife Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria. Through her mother, Rosemary was a granddaughter of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen and his wife Princess Isabella de Croÿ.
The Treaty of Breslau was a preliminary peace agreement signed on 11 June 1742 following long negotiations at the Silesian capital Wrocław () by emissaries of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria and King Frederick II of Prussia ending the First Silesian War.
Archduchess Maria Anna Eleanor Wilhelmina Josepha of Austria (18 September 1718 in Vienna – 16 December 1744 in Brussels) was a member of the House of Habsburg who governed the Austrian Netherlands in the name of her elder sister, Empress Maria Theresa.
Throughout the day, the stomach cramps alternated with ever-renewed vomiting until the little Archduchess died that night at 9 p.m. aged 3.Sabine Weiss: Zur Herrschaft geboren. Kindheit und Jugend im Hause Habsburg von Kaiser Maximilian bis Kronprinz Rudolf.
With her mother and her demure older sister Helene (called "Néné"), 16-year-old Sissi travels from Possenhofen to the spa town of Bad Ischl in Upper Austria. Ludovika's sister, Archduchess Sophie, is the mother of the young emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Helene is called by Archduchess Sophie to meet the young emperor Franz Joseph in the imperial villa so that the two might be immediately engaged. Sissi is unaware of the real reason for the journey and is forbidden by her aunt to participate in any social events due to her girlishly impetuous ways.
Archduchess Renate and her husband Prince Jerome Radziwill, 1909 Archduke Charles Stephen put aside his career in the navy and centered his ambitions in creating a Polish branch of the house of Habsburg. He encouraged all of his children to become Polish and Archduchess Renata ended up marrying one of Poland's richest landowners, Prince Jerome Radziwill. Their engagement was announced in September 1908. The Radziwiłł family was one of the most distinguish families of Poland, but since he did not belong to a ruling family, Renata had to renounce all of her titles, along with the style of Imperial and Royal Highness.
It is unknown where Sophie first met Archduke Franz Ferdinand, although it may have been at a ball in Prague in 1894. Franz Ferdinand, who was stationed at a military garrison in Prague, paid frequent visits to Halbturn Castle, the home of Archduke Friedrich, and it was assumed that he had fallen in love with Friedrich's eldest daughter, Archduchess Marie Christine. The liaison was discovered by Archduchess Isabella, herself only born into a mediatised family (the House of Croÿ). When Isabella discovered Franz Ferdinand's locket lying on the tennis court, she opened it, expecting a photo of her daughter.
Archducal hat, the coronet of an archduke Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: Erzherzog, feminine form: Erzherzogin) was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within the former Holy Roman Empire (962–1806), which was below that of Emperor and King but above that of a Grand Duke (debatably), Prince and Duke.Meyers Taschenlexikon Geschichte 1982, vol 1, p22 & vol 2 pp106 & 319 The territory ruled by an Archduke or Archduchess was called an Archduchy. All remaining Archduchies ceased to exist in 1918.
Therefore Charles Theodore decided after the death of his wife in August 1794 to contract a second marriage with an Archduchess of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, since they were regarded as one of the most prestigious ruling families in Europe. Looking for a suitable Habsburg bride in the new Electress of Bavaria, Emperor Francis II selected his cousin, Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria-Este, who was described as a beautiful, well-grown and educated girl. Also a physical defect, a shorter left leg, is mentioned. Furthermore, their dance skills are praised and the potential ability to bear children was highlighted.
Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria (Maria Dorothea Amelia; ; 14 June 1867 - 6 April 1932) was a member of the Hungarian line of the House of Habsburg and an Archduchess of Austria by birth. Through her marriage to Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Maria Dorothea was also a member of the House of Orléans. Philippe was the Orléanist claimant to the throne of France from 1894 to 1926 and known to Orléanist monarchists as "Philippe VIII of France." Thus, to Orléanist monarchists, Maria Dorothea was titular Queen of France from 1896 to 1926, and Dowager Queen of France until her death in 1932.
The wedding of Zita and Charles, 21 October 1911 In the close vicinity of Schwarzau castle was the Villa Wartholz, residence of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Zita's maternal aunt. She was the stepmother of Archduke Otto, who died in 1906, and the step-grandmother of Archduke Charles of Austria-Este, at that time second-in-line to the Austrian throne. The two daughters of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria were Zita's first cousins and Charles' half-aunts. They had met as children but did not see one another for almost ten years, as each pursued their education.
Archduchess Rosa Maria Antonie Roberta Josepha Anna Walburga Carmela Ignazia Rita de Cascia of Austria, full German name: Rosa Maria Antonie Roberta Josepha Anna Walburga Carmela Ignazia Rita de Cascia, Erzherzogin von Österreich (22 September 1906, Parsch, Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria–Hungary – 17 September 1983, Friedrichshafen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany) was a member of the Tuscan branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. Through her marriage to Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, Rosa was also a member of the House of Württemberg and Duchess consort of Württemberg.
In honour of his gallantry in attempting to thwart the assignation in Sarajevo, the Archduchess made him a knight of the Order of Leopold and an honorary colonel in her regiment of hussars. The couple married without the Emperor’s permission at a private ceremony on Thursday 17 September 1914 in Hohenembs, Vorarlberg, Austria, before departing for Switzerland. Tragically, the Archduchess suffered from tuberculosis and it appears that she may have died during the influenza pandemic of 1918–1920.Dennis Wheatley, 1958, The Second Seal, London, Arrow Books, pp. 9, 20, 86-87, 164, 199, 283, 307, 479 and 512.
Leopoldina in her youth, 1800s Leopoldina was born on 22 January 1797 in Vienna, Archduchy of Austria. She was given the name Caroline Josepha Leopoldine Franziska Ferdinanda, according to her biographer Carlos H. Oberacker, and confirmed by Bettina Kann in her work "Cartas de uma Imperatriz", who mentioned a contemporary source: the Austrian newspaper Wiener Zeitung of 25 January 1797, who gave the news of the birth of the Archduchess three days before with her full name. According to Oberacker, the name "Maria" wasn't present in the preserved baptismal record of the Archduchess, and she began to use it only during her journey to Brazil, where she began to be named Maria Leopoldina in all documents, including the Constitutional oath of 1822. According to another theory presented by Oberacker, the Archduchess probably began to use the name "Maria" due to her great devotion to the Virgin Mary and because all her sisters-in-law used this name.
After 1918 Charles Stephen acquired Polish citizenship and continued to live in Żywiec, which had passed to the sovereignty of the Republic of Poland. He died there on 7 April 1933. Archduchess Maria Theresa died there a month later, on 10 May 1933.
Ledo was elected a deputy. , depicting Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria during a meeting on 2 September 1822 while Dom Pedro was in São Paulo province. Martim Francisco Ribeiro de Andrada is seated beside her. José Bonifácio is standing and gesturing towards her.
Albert Frederick was married in 1573 to Marie Eleonore of Cleves, a daughter of Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg and Archduchess Maria of Austria (1531-1581). Maria was a daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary.
Mozart's biographer Eric Blom recounts an anecdote of how the Archduchess helped Wolfgang when he slipped on the polished floor; she is supposed to have received a proposal of marriage in return.Blom, p. 14. Gutman, Introduction p. xx, has the same story.
Born in Walterskirchen in Lower Austria, he was the third son of Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser Band XVI. "Haus Sachsen". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp.
They did so via Budapest, where their stay became protracted when Keith fell ill. The Archduchess Dorothea of Austria befriended them there, and the upshot was that the men were persuaded to establish a Scottish mission in that city.; . Also see , cited in .
Marie-Thérèse was a descendant of the Holy Roman Emperors through her mother, Archduchess Marie-Antoinette of Austria who was a daughter of Empress Maria Theresa I, Holy Roman Empress; The Empress wanted all her eldest granddaughters to be named after her.
On 14 May 1582, at age 15, Anna Caterina was married to Ferdinand in Innsbruck and became Archduchess of Austria. In their first three years of marriage Anna gave birth to three daughters — Eleanor (b. 1583), Marie (b. 1584), and Anna (b.
Robert married Archduchess Maria Immakulata of Austria, seventh child and fifth eldest daughter of Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria and his wife Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, on 29 October 1900 in Vienna. Robert and Maria Immakulata did not have children.
Maria Theresa of Austria (Maria Theresia Josepha Charlotte Johanna; 14 January 1767 - 7 November 1827) was born an Archduchess of Austria and a Princess of Tuscany. She was later Queen of Saxony as the second wife and consort of King Anthony of Saxony.
Archduchess Ilona of Austria (; 20 April 1927 – 12 January 2011) was a member of the Hungarian Palatine branch of the House of Habsburg. She was married and later divorced from the late head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Georg Alexander, Duke of Mecklenburg.
The award ceremony after the Kronimus race in 2005 in front of the scales on the Iffezheim racecourse. He is the eldest son of Maximilian, Margrave of Baden and Archduchess Valerie of Austria. He is a great-nephew of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
Auguste was born in Munich, Bavaria, the second child of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife, Archduchess Gisela of Austria. She had one older sister, Princess Elisabeth Marie of Bavaria and two younger brothers, Prince Georg of Bavaria and Prince Konrad of Bavaria.
Eleanor of Scotland (1433 - Innsbruck 20 November 1480) was an Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Sigismund, Archduke of Austria, a noted translator, and regent of Austria in 1455-58 and 1467. She was a daughter of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort.
Maria Antonietta was the eldest daughter of Prince Francis, Count of Trapani (son of Francis I of the Two Sicilies) and his wife (and niece) Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. She was an elder sister of Maria Carolina, Countess Andrzej Zamoyski.
Lennig published in 1849 his "Panegyric on Bishop Kaiser", and in 1862 his "Funeral Oration on the Archduchess Mathilde of Hesse". His meditations on the Passion and on the Our Father and Hail Mary were published 1867 and 1869 by his nephew, Christoph Moufang.
Anna Jagiellon (, , ) (12 March 1476 – 12 August 1503), was a Polish princess member of the Jagiellonian dynasty and by marriage Duchess of Pomerania. Born in Nieszawa, she was the fifth daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland of Poland and Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria.
Crown of Queen Maria Josepha Silver regalia of King Augustus III of Poland and Queen Maria Josepha Crown of Maria Josepha was made for Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria, wife of King Augustus III of Poland, for her coronation as Polish queen in 1734.
Sissi slowly adapts to life as empress of Austria, but her mother-in-law is hard to live with. Archduchess Sophie adheres to the long- established rules protocol and etiquette, and constantly interferes not only with the emperor's government of the empire but in his family life as well. When Sissi's first child is born, the Archduchess Sophie insists on taking away the child to raise her, because she feels Sissi is too young and unqualified to do so. Sophie also feels that Sissi's place is not in the nursery with her baby, but with her husband as the emperor travels around the empire.
In 1560, Barbara was considered as a wife to Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, who later married Eleanor, the elder sister of the Archduchess. In 1562, several suitors appeared to Emperor Ferdinand I asking for the hand of his youngest daughter Joanna; among those wooing the Archduchess were John Sigismund Zápolya, Francesco de' Medici, Crown Prince of Florence and Alfonso II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Modena and Reggio. The latter began negotiations for marriage in November 1563. A dynastic marriage with the head of the House of Este was beneficial to the House of Habsburg, who sought to reduce the traditional influence of the French Kings over the Dukes of Ferrara.
Maria Beatrice was born in Modena, the eldest child of two monarchs, Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena and Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, reigning duchess of Massa and princess of Carrara. Archduke Ferdinand of Austria with his wife Maria Beatrice d'Este holding Archduchess Maria Leopoldine, standing is Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este wearing a pink dress. Her parents' marriage was unhappy and they lived separated from each other; they only produced two children: Maria Beatrice, born on 7 April 1750 and Rinaldo Francesco, born on 4 January 1753. The death of Rinaldo aged four months old (5 May 1753) led to Maria being acknowledged as an heiress.
Archduchess Adelaide as queen- consort She was born at the Royal Palace of Milan to Archduke Rainer of Austria and his wife Princess Elisabeth of Savoy.Urban. Sylvanius: The Gentleman's Magazine, 1855, p 303 Named Adelaide, or known as Adele in the family, she held the title of Archduchess of Austria. Her father was the Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia and was a son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Louisa of Spain. Her mother was a member of the House of Savoy and a daughter of the Prince of Carignano, the head of the junior branch of the House of Savoy, who ruled the Kingdom of Sardinia.
In 1670 he was appointed Groom of the Stole to the Duke of York, and on 24 February 1673 ambassador extraordinary to arrange the terms of his proposed marriage with the Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Innsbruck. He had hardly crossed the Channel, however, when the news of the Emperor Leopold I's determination to marry the archduchess himself put an end to the project. He was then commissioned to ascertain the respective personal and other attractions of the Princess Mary of Modena, and several other ladies between whom the duke's choice lay, and Mary having been fixed upon, proceeded to Modena in the following August as ambassador extraordinary to arrange the match.
Her paternal grandparents were Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, and Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska, the daughter of the King of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, John III Sobieski. Josepha's mother, Archduchess Maria Amalia, was also a first cousin to her future mother-in-law, Empress Maria Theresa, and therefore Josepha was a second cousin to her future husband, Joseph, King of the Romans. Josepha's mother, Archduchess Maria Amalia, gave birth to seven children, only four of whom lived through to adulthood. Maria Josepha's siblings included her brother Maximilian III, Elector of Bavaria, and two sisters Maria Antonia, Electress of Saxony, and Maria Anna Josepha, Margravine of Baden-Baden.
Van der Kiste, pp. 186–187. The War of the Austrian Succession continued until 1748, when Maria Theresa was recognized as Archduchess of Austria. The peace was celebrated by a fête in Green Park, London, for which Handel composed Music for the Royal Fireworks.Thompson, pp. 187–189.
Mattias de' Medici (9 May 1613 - 11 October 1667) was the third son of Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. He was governor of Siena, with interruptions, from 1629. He never married.Young, The Medici: Volume II, p 531.
Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria (1 April 1825 - 26 April 1864) was the daughter of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and his first wife, Maria Anna of Saxony. She married Prince Luitpold of Bavaria, who later became the Prince Regent of Bavaria after her death.
Royal Monogram Princess Therese of Bavaria (; 12 November 1850 – 19 December 1925) was an ethnologist, zoologist, botanist, travel writer and leader in social care. Therese was the third child and only daughter of Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria, and of his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria.
Archduchess Margarete Margaretha married her first cousin Archduke Charles Louis of Austria, third eldest son of Archduke Franz Karl of Austria and his wife, Princess Sophie of Bavaria, on 4 November 1856 in Dresden. The marriage was happy, but only lasted two years and remained childless.
Archduchess Assunta was sixteen years old at the fall of Habsburg monarchy, following the end of World War I. This marked a sharpdown turn in her family's prosperity. The republican government of Austria confiscated the properties of the Habsburgs. The family lost all their fortune.McIntosh, The Unknown Habsburgs, p.
However, he resigned his membership in 1928 or 1929, because of substantive disagreement. On 9 February 1920, he joined the KDSt.V. Thuringia Würzburg. Here, he met Elisabeth Helene (1903-1976), a daughter of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria.
Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XV. "Hohenberg". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1997, pp.600–601. As a young woman, Sophie became a lady-in-waiting to Archduchess Isabella, the wife of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen, head of the Bohemian cadet branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
Carolina Maria Teresa Giuseppa of Parma (22 November 1770 - 1 March 1804) was a Princess of Parma by birth, and Princess of Saxony by marriage to Prince Maximilian of Saxony. Carolina was the eldest child of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, and his wife Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria.
Alfonso XII of Spain (father of #8) 17\. Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria (mother of #8) 18\. Prince Henry of Battenberg (father of 9) 19\. Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (mother of 9) 20\. Prince Alfonso of the Two Sicilies, Count of Caserta (father of 10) 21\.
Archduchess Marie-Astrid of AustriaGrand Ducal Court of Luxembourg (née Princess Marie-Astrid of Luxembourg; born 17 February 1954 at Castle Betzdorf) is the elder daughter and eldest child of Grand Duke Jean of Luxembourg and Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium, and the wife of Archduke Carl Christian of Austria.
Archduchess Maria Annunciata of Austria (13 July 1876 - 8 April 1961) was a daughter of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and his third wife, Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal. She was Princess-Abbess of the Theresian Royal and Imperial Ladies Chapter of the Castle of Prague (1894–1918).
Jean-Philippe de Cobenzl, died 1702: Married Jeanne de Lanthiery ##Johannn Gaspard, Count von Cobenzl, died 1742: Knight of the Golden Fleece. Lord Chamberlain of the Archduchess. Married to Carolina Sophia von Rindsmaul (1682-1756). ###Count Johann Karl Philipp von Cobenzl (1712–1770) : Knight of the Golden Fleece.
Princess Louise d'Orléans (Louise Victoire Marie Amélie Sophie; 19 July 1869 – 4 February 1952) was a French princess of the House of Orléans and a member of the Royal Family of Bavaria. Throughout her life, Louise remained very close to her first cousin, Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria.
The members of the House of Habsburg were ranked as princes and princesses of the blood imperial, with the honorary title of Erzherzog or Erzherzogin (archduke or archduchess). Their permanent address and their travels abroad had to be agreed to by the Emperor. Whoever wanted to marry an archduke or archduchess of the Habsburg dynasty had to originate from a ruling or formerly ruling house, as was stipulated by the Familienstatut des Allerhöchsten Herrscherhauses, the Family Statute of the Highest Monarch's House, issued by Ferdinand I in 1839. Otherwise the marriage would be one "to the left hand", called a morganatic marriage, excluding the offspring of the couple from any right the House of Habsburg possessed.
Her family was very close to the imperial family, and Empress Elisabeth greatly enjoyed the company of her cousin Archduchess Hildegard. Among Mathilde's circle of friends was the Archduchess Marie Therese (1849–1919), later Queen of Bavaria, who was of the same age and also the stepdaughter of Karl Ferdinand (1818–1874), Mathilde's uncle. A distant cousin, Archduke Ludwig Salvator (1847–1915), of the Italian Habsburg line, fell in love with Mathilde and sought to marry her, but they never became engaged. Mathilde was intended to become Queen of Italy as the wife of Umberto of Savoy (1844–1900) in order to improve the already tense relations between Austria-Hungary and Italy.
By the end of the decade however, the Austrian Navy began to be rebuilt. The growth of the Austrian Navy in the years following the Congress of Vienna were largely driven by political necessities, as well economic conditions. The marriage between Archduchess Maria Leopoldina and Emperor Pedro I of Brazil in 1817 marked the first time a ship from the Austrian Navy crossed the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas, with the Archduchess traveling with the frigates Augusta and Austria to Rio de Janeiro. Three years later, the frigate Carolina escorted Austria's ambassador to Brazil across the Atlantic, before sailing on to China, marking the first time a ship from the Austrian Navy had traveled to East Asia.
The Mozart family (Wolfgang, his father Leopold, his mother Anna Maria, and his older sister Nannerl) left their home in Salzburg for Vienna on 11 September, 1767. They had been there before, exhibiting the children's talents, in 1762; by this time they had completed their "Grand Tour" of Europe, performing in England, France, and elsewhere, and hoped to achieve even greater recognition (and income) in the Imperial capital. The forthcoming marriage of the 16-year-old Archduchess Maria Josepha, daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, scheduled for October 14, promised many festivities and thus opportunities for visiting musicians. Archduchess Maria Josepha of AustriaUnfortunately, there was an outbreak of smallpox in Vienna at the time.
In the early months of 1890, his engagement to Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria was publicised, but later she refused to marry him, under the influence of her aunt by marriage, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, of the Miguelist branch of the Braganza Dynasty. When threats on the life of his brother, Carlos, became known to him, he adopted the habit of arming himself with a revolver, night and day, making himself ready to defend his family whenever it might be necessary. He urged his nephew, the Prince Royal, Luís Filipe, to carry a weapon as well. Dom Afonso was a lady's man, known for his kindness, simplicity, and bon-vivant lifestyle.
A devoted but self- conscious mother, she wrote to all of her children at least once a week and believed herself entitled to exercise authority over her children regardless of their age and rank. The dowager empress with family, 1776, by Heinrich Füger Following her fiftieth birthday in May 1767, Maria Theresa contracted smallpox from her daughter-in-law, Maria Josepha of Bavaria, the consort of Emperor Joseph II. Maria Theresa survived, but the young empress did not. Maria Theresa then forced her daughter, Archduchess Maria Josepha, to pray with her in the Imperial Crypt next to the unsealed tomb of Empress Maria Josepha. The Archduchess started showing smallpox rash two days after visiting the crypt and soon died.
According to Houbraken her father Johannes Spilberg taught her to paint in oils, crayon and pastels and she became quite famous in Amsterdam. Adriana Spilberg Biography in De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature Spilberg kept her in Amsterdam while he was working for Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine. When his patron married Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria, she asked Spilberg to bring his family, including his famous daughter, to court, which he did, and Adriana became court painter for the archduchess in 1681 in Düsseldorf. Adriana married the painter Wilhelm Breekvelt there and had three sons by him, but he died in 1684.
Maria returned to Spain in 1582, taking her youngest surviving child Archduchess Margaret with her, promised to marry Philip II of Spain, who had lost his fourth wife, her oldest daughter, Archduchess Anna in 1580. Margaret finally refused and took the veil as a Poor Clare. Commenting that she was very happy to live in "a country without heretics", Maria settled in the Convent of Las Descalzas Reales in Madrid, where she lived until her death in 1603. She was the patron of the noted Spanish composer Tomás Luis de Victoria, and the great Requiem Mass he wrote in 1603 for her funeral is considered among the best and most refined of his works.
In 1584 Verdonck returned to Spain, once again singing in the choir of Philip II, staying there until 1598 or 1599, after which he again returned to Antwerp. Also in 1599 he participated in the elaborate entry procession of the newly married Archduke Albert and Archduchess Isabella into Antwerp, writing a motet (Prome, novas) for the occasion: it was performed by a six-member boys' choir mounted on the back of an elephant, which rode along with the Archduke and Archduchess (accounts differ as to whether it was a real or artificial animal). It is the only known motet composed for performance on an elephant. Most likely Verdonck remained in the Netherlands until his death in 1625.
In 1327, Duke Frederick the Handsome (Friedrich der Schöne) founded this church with a cloister for the Augustinian friars. In 1634, the Augustinerkirche became the parish church of the imperial church. As imperial church, many Habsburg weddings took place there, including the wedding of Archduchess (and future Empress) Maria Theresa in 1736 to Duke Francis of Lorraine, the wedding of Archduchess Marie Louise in 1810 to Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte of France, Maria Leopoldia married a Dom Pedro of Portugal/Brazil Empire 1817 and the wedding of Emperor Franz Joseph in 1854 to Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria. A functioning monastery of six black- robed Augustinian monks remains, serving the needs of the parish.
Her ancestral titles are Archduchess Walburga of Austria, Archduchess and Princess Imperial of Austria, Princess Royal of Hungary and Bohemia, with the style of "Her Imperial and Royal Highness." Although her family used those titles during her childhood, she does not actively use them in her daily life, although she has stated that she still holds the titles.Daniel Pereira interviews HRH Walburga Habsburg In Sweden she legally holds the title Countess Douglas of Skenninge, as the wife of Count Archibald Douglas, a member the Swedish branch of the Scottish noble house, the Clan Douglas and a descendant of Field Marshal Robert Douglas, Count of Skenninge. She lives at Ekensholm Castle in Sweden.
Hedwig Jagiellon (, , ) (21 September 1457 – 18 February 1502), baptized as "Hedwigis", was a Polish princess and member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, as well as Duchess of Bavaria by marriage. Born in Kraków, she was the eldest daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland of Poland and Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria.
With the defeat and dissolution of the Austrian Hungary Empire after World War I, the destiny of her family was even more closely linked to Poland. Archduchess Renata lived at Balice Castle in Poland, where she died on 16 May 1935. Her husband outlived her for ten years. Prince Jerome remarried.
In 1939, she married Joseph Hopfinger, a Polish doctor. In 1942 the couple emigrated to the United States. Archduchess Assunta and her husband had two daughters, but they divorced in 1950. She moved to San Antonio, Texas where she had a variety of jobs living in anonymity until her death.
Naudet held positions of trust in the institute known as the Beloved of Jesus to which she committed herself in collaboration with the Archduchess. She entered Maria Anna's direct service in 1792 following the death of the Emperor. While in Prague, Naudet had as her spiritual director Father Nicholas Diessbach.
Help did not come and Mary's family survived on a small sum from the archduchess and her husband's army wages. Mary's husband died in Austria in Imperial service in 1635 and it seems Mary married again to an Irish naval captain in 1639, nothing more is known of her life.
A young Marie Anne. Marie Anne was born 8 June 1804 at the Hofburg Imperial Palace in Vienna. She was the tenth child born to her parents. Her mother, Maria Theresa, died after giving birth to her only younger sister Archduchess Amalie Theresa who died with their mother in 1807.
He administered the sacraments to Louis XV., Dying on May 10, 1774.Adolphe de Cardevacque, Histoire de l’abbaye de Cercamp, p.255, On May 16, 1770, he had married Versailles Louis, dauphin of France, to Marie Antoinette, Archduchess of Austria, then became Louis XVI. France at Reims on June 11, 1775.
Alfonso Carlos was the second son of Infante Juan of Spain, Count of Montizón and Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este. Since his parents separated when he was young, he and his elder brother were raised in Modena under the tutelage of his maternal uncle Duke Francis V of Modena.
I did not fall into the clutches of > evil. I rose to shoulder a cosmic burden. — Zariel, Archduchess of Avernus, > former angel of Celestia Originally, she was an angel of Celestia who was charged with watching the Blood War. Instead of just observing, she marshaled forces and charged into Hell.
Archduchess Charlotte of Austria (; 1 March 1921 - 23 July 1989) was a daughter of Emperor Charles I of Austria and his wife Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma. She was also known by the name Charlotte de Bar while a welfare worker in the United States of America from 1943 to 1956.
Karl was born at Villa Amsee near Lindau in Bavaria. He was the second son of King Ludwig III of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria-Este. Like his older brother Crown Prince Rupprecht, Karl joined the Bavarian Army and eventually reached the rank of Major General.
Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria (7 July 1878 – 13 March 1960) was a daughter of Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria and his third wife Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal. She was the mother of Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein, and the paternal grandmother of Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein.
Joseph married the Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia (1783–1801), on 30 October 1799 at Saint Petersburg. He was 23 years old, while she was 16. She died of puerperal fever soon after delivering a short-lived daughter, the Archduchess Alexandrine of Austria, on 9 March 1801 in Buda.
On 12 April 1882, in Vienna, Theresa married Prince Arnulf of Bavaria, youngest son of Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria and Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria. They had one child, Prince Heinrich of Bavaria (1884–1916), who died in the First World War. She is buried in the Theatinerkirche in Munich.
Bernadette Adducci was a former nun, policewoman and social worker in Grantville; aunt of Tony Adducci in Basel. In 1634: The Bavarian Crisis Bernadette provides a diplomatic conduit for the escaping Archduchess of Austria in her flight from Maximilian I to the arms of Don Fernando, King in the Netherlands.
Born His Serene Highness Prince Vincenz Karl Alfred Maria Michael of Liechtenstein (Germ. Seine Durchlaucht der Prinz Vincenz Karl Alfred Maria Michael von und zu Liechtenstein), the first child of Prince Heinrich of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser XVI. "Liechtenstein". C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp.
Anna Juliana Gonzaga, O.S.M., (16 November 1566 - 3 August 1621) was an Archduchess of Austria who became a Religious Sister of the Servite Order after the death of her husband, the Archduke Ferdinand II of Austria. A cause for her canonization is open but has not advanced since the 17th century.
Archduchess Catherine Renata of Austria (4 January 1576 – 29 June 1599) was a member of the House of Habsburg. She was the daughter of Archduke Charles II of Austria, the son of Emperor Ferdinand I, and Maria Anna of Bavaria. Her elder brother Archduke Ferdinand succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619.
Archduchess Renate was educated by private tutors with a special emphasis on languages. She learned German, Italian, English, French and, from 1895, Polish. Her father had followed a career in the Austrian Navy and Renate spent her formative years primarily in Istria in the then Austrian port of Pula on the Adriatic.
Joanna of Austria (German Johanna von Österreich, Italian Giovanna d'Austria) (24 January 1547 – 11 April 1578) was an Archduchess of Austria. By marriage, she was the Grand Princess of Tuscany and later the Grand Duchess of Tuscany. One of her daughters was Marie de' Medici, second wife of King Henry IV of France.
Maria Anna of Bavaria (18 December 1574 – 8 March 1616), was German princess member of the House of Wittelsbach by birth and Archduchess consort of Inner Austria by marriage. Born in Munich, she was the fourth child and second (but eldest surviving) daughter of William V, Duke of Bavaria and Renata of Lorraine.
Archduchess Hedwig of Austria (Hedwig Maria Immakulata Michaela Ignatia; 24 September 1896 in Bad Ischl - 1 November 1970 in Hall in Tirol) was the second daughter of Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria and his wife, Marie Valerie of Austria. She was a granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I and Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria.
Maria Henrietta was born at the Palace of Caserta in Naples to Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son of Charles III of Spain, and to Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, daughter Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptized with the name Maria Enrichetta Carmel.
61 Charles was reportedly delighted (enchanté) with the sight of her. King Charles IX of France and Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria were formally married on 26 November 1570 in Mézières; Charles, Cardinal de Bourbon, performed the ceremony. The occasion was celebrated with immense pomp and extravagance, despite the dire state of French finances.
Max Emanuel was the fifth eldest son (fourth, if counting only children who lived to adulthood) of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, and his wife Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria. He had six brothers and one sister. Max Emanuel's eldest brother was Franz Joseph, 9th Prince of Thurn and Taxis.
Installation of Archduchess Therese of Austria as Princess-Abbess in 1836 The Theresian Institution of Noble Ladies, officially the Imperial and Royal Theresian Stift for Noble Ladies in the Castle of Prague, was a Catholic monastic chapter of secular canonesses in Hradčany that admitted women from impoverished noble families from 1753 until 1918.
Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma wearing the Napoleon Diamond Necklace and the Marie Louise Diadem In 1810, Napoleon I of France divorced the Empress Joséphine, as she proved to be incapable of producing an heir.McLynn, Frank (1998). Napoleon, p. 465. . He re-married two months later to Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria.
Prince Charles as a young boy. Portrait by Pierre Gobert, c. 1720. Charles was the son of Leopold, Duke of Lorraine, and Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans. When his elder brother Francis III, Duke of Lorraine, married the Archduchess Maria Theresa, daughter of Emperor Charles VI, Charles Alexander entered the Imperial service in 1737.
He accepted students, of whom two enjoyed moderate success: violinist Camillo Sivori and cellist Gaetano Ciandelli. Neither, however, considered Paganini helpful or inspirational. In 1835, Paganini returned to Parma, this time under the employ of Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, Napoleon's second wife. He was in charge of reorganizing her court orchestra.
Thal 1972, 103. She invited Kelly to sing with her in Anfossi's new oratorio, and her consort Count Vidiman engaged him for four months, sending him first to Parma and Colorno to present himself to the Archduchess, for whom he sang and played billiards for a week.Kelly, ed. Thal 1972, 104–107.
Archduchesses Maria Antonia in a pink dress and Maria Carolina in blue (watercolor on ivory by Antonio Pencini, 1764) Archduchess Maria Antonia (watercolor by Jean-Étienne Liotard, 1762) Maria Antonia was born on 2 November 1755 at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria. She was the youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, ruler of the Habsburg Empire, and her husband Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. Her godparents were Joseph I and Mariana Victoria, King and Queen of Portugal; Archduke Joseph and Archduchess Maria Anna acted as proxies for their newborn sister. Maria Antonia was born on All Souls Day, a Catholic day of mourning, and during her childhood her birthday was instead celebrated the day before, on All Saint's Day, due to the connotations of the date.
According to the Russian Orthodox tradition they had to celebrate masses over the corpse during six weeks, so the body of Alexandra was unburied during this time. After the specified time elapsed, on 12 May 12, the body of the Archduchess was placed in the crypt of the Capuchin monastery of Víziváros (now Main Street 20). Chapel of Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna in Üröm, Pest. Because the Austrian court refused her burial in any Catholic cemetery, Alexandra's remains remained unburied at Víziváros monastery until 1803, when her widower built a mausoleum dedicated to her in Üröm near Pest (following the late Archduchess' wishes) and after her definitive burial in this place, an Eastern Orthodox service was held in her memory.
As a wedding gift, his mother gave him her hunting lodge at Fremersberg. At Maria Anna's death in 1755, he married again to Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria on 10 July 1755. She was the daughter of Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor and his Austrian wife Archduchess Maria Amalia. The second marriage remained childless.
Francis in 1790. Portrait by Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun. Francis was born the son of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and his wife Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria in Naples. He was also the nephew of Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI, the last King and Queen of France before the first French Republic.
New York: Barnes and Noble, 1969 [1908], p. 313. Charles August was no great admirer of Joseph's. As a younger man, he had sought the hand of Joseph's sister, Archduchess Maria Amalia. She had been quite content to take him, but Joseph and their mother insisted she marry instead the better-connected Duke of Parma.
Archduchess Maria Antonietta of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (Maria Antonietta Leopolda Annunziata Anna Amalia Giuseppa Giovanna Immacolata Tecla; 10 January 1858 – 13 April 1883) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. She served as the Princess-Abbess of the Theresian Royal and Imperial Convent in Hradčany from 1881 until her death in 1883.
His heir general and heir-of-the-blood was his niece, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (died 1919), who then was married with Prince Ludwig of Bavaria (they later became King and Queen of Bavaria). The heir-general of the Estes continues in their descendants, and the present heir is Franz, Duke of Bavaria.
Princess Januária of Brazil (; Januária Maria Joana Carlota Leopoldina Cândida Francisca Xavier de Paula Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga; 11 March 1822 – 13 March 1901) was a Brazilian princess and Portuguese infanta (princess). She was the second daughter of Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal and his first wife, Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria.
His mother, Archduchess Sophie of Austria, wrote to her sister Queen Elisabeth of Prussia referring to "the happiness that showed itself to him like a fleeting dream and made an impression on his heart -- alas -- much stronger and deeper than I had first thought."Hamann, Brigitte. Elisabeth. Kaiserin wider Willen. Munich, 1981, p. 8.
Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal (; 24 August 1855 – 12 February 1944) was a Princess of the House of Braganza. She became by marriage an Archduchess of Austria and also sister-in-law of Emperors Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico, as well as step-grandmother of Emperor Charles I of Austria.
Carl, Duke of Württemberg was born in Friedrichshafen on 1 August 1936. He was the second son of Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg (1893–1975), and Archduchess Rosa of Austria, Princess of Tuscany (1906–1983). He became heir to the headship of the House of Württemberg after his older brother, Ludwig, renounced his succession rights.
Lady Anne Brandon, Baroness Grey of Powys (c. 1507 – January 1558) was an English noblewoman, and the eldest daughter of Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk by his second wife, Anne Browne. Anne's mother had died in 1511. In 1514, Anne's father secured a place for her at the court of Archduchess Margaret of Savoy.
Monarchs deck armor was thick. The Monarch-class ships were ordered in May 1892, with Monarch to be built at the Pola Naval Arsenal (Seearsenal). The ship was laid down on 31 July 1893, and she was launched on 9 May 1895 by Archduchess Maria Theresa, wife of Archduke Karl Ludwig. She was commissioned on 11 May 1898.
191 He purchased a small airplane with his brother Archduke Anton of Austria. The two brothers worked giving flying tours over Barcelona. In the turmoil of the Spanish Civil War, Archduke Franz Joseph returned to Austria. He initially lived with his widowed mother and his unmarried siblings, Archduchess Dolores and Archduke Karl Pius of Austria, Prince of Tuscany.
Anna spent her childhood at the Innsbruck court, which thanks to her parents became in the center of Renaissance culture. She lived in Ambras Castle, Hofburg and Ruelyust Palaces. In order to protect the health of her daughter, after 1590 Archduchess-Countess Anna Caterina had a personal cookbook. In January 1595, the princess lost her father.
Anna was the third child of Grand Duke Francesco and Archduchess Joanna. She had two surviving sisters, Eleanor, Duchess of Mantua, and Marie, Queen of France. Francesco betrothed Anna in 1578 to Charles, Margrave of Burgau, son of Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria (a brother of her mother). A portrait of Anna was sent to the Archduke.
The brewery was saved by its workers who extinguished the flames with the very beer it produced. In 1799 with the death of sovereign elect Karl-Theodor the brewery was passed to his widow, Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este, in the last electoral leadership. Following the secularisation, the new kingdom of Bavaria accrued many ecclesiastical breweries.
It was here that Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples, died in 1814. She was the favourite sister of Marie Antoinette. The youngest daughter of Emperor Francis II, Archduchess Maria Anna, lived here from 1835 until her death in 1858. She is said to have been mentally retarded and to have suffered from a hideous facial deformity.
Barbara Jagiellon (15 July 1478 - 15 February 1534POLAND, Medieval Lands) was a Polish princess member of the Jagiellonian dynasty and by marriage Duchess of Saxony. Born in Sandomierz, she was the sixth daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland and Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria. She was named after her great- grandmother, Barbara of Cilli, Holy Roman Empress.
The couple are divorced since 25 June 2013, with annulment in 2016. The couple have three children, Archduke Leopold, Grand Prince of Tuscany, Archduchess Tatyana and Archduke Maximilian. Sigismund lives with his family in Lausanne, Switzerland. In 2017, the renunciation of French citizenship (obtained through his French mother) was legally recorded for him and his children.
Maria Elisabeth was born at the Wilanów Palace in Poland. The eleventh child of fourteen. Her father, Augustus III of Poland, was the Elector of Saxony (as Frederick Augustus II), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (as Augustus II). Her mother Maria Josepha, born an Archduchess of Austria, was a first cousin of Empress Maria Theresa.
Maria Antonia was born at Nymphenburg Palace in Munich to Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria and to Elector Karl Albert of Bavaria (later Emperor Karl VII). Throughout her life she received an outstanding education, particularly in the arts (including painting, writing poetry, as well as music). She was the fourth of seven children of the Elector and his wife.
Archduke Wilhelm was the youngest son of Archduke Karl Stephan and Archduchess Maria Theresia, Princess of Tuscany. He was born in a family estate on the Lošinj island, Austrian Littoral (present day Croatia). During his arrest by the Soviet authorities he indicated the city of Pola (at the time of arrest in Italy, today Pula, Croatia).Eduard Andriushchenko.
Franz was born at Schloss Leutstetten, Starnberg, Bavaria. He was the third son of King Ludwig III of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria-Este. Initially, Franz served as a commander of the 2. Infanterie-Regiments König, but shortly before the outbreak of World War I, he was given command of the 3.
Princess Maria Aloisia Josephine Consolata Immaculata Benedicta Theresia Antonia Johanna Carla Conrada Leonharda of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (6 November 1934 – 20 November 2017) was a Princess of Löwenstein-Wertheim- Rosenberg and a member of the House of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg by birth, and through her marriage to Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria, an Archduchess of Austria.
Schloß Annabichl - Klagenfurt It was built by the nobleman George Khevenhüller for his second wife Anna von Thurzo.Anna Thurzo von Bethenfalva Their daughter was Maria von Khevenhuller. The castle has a little chapel dedicated to Saint AnneSchloss Annabichl and a garden. Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1738–1789) was an owner of the castle for some time.
The colors and pattern were influenced by the Austrian dragoons of the period, as the Brazilian Empress Consort was also an Austrian Archduchess. The color of the plumes varies according to rank. The Independence Dragoons are armed with lances and sabres, the latter only for the officers and the colour guard. Presidential Guard Battalion anti-riot suit.
On 10 January 1747, Louis was married by proxy at Dresden to Maria Josepha of Saxony, the 15-year-old younger daughter of Frederick Augustus II, Prince-Elector of Saxony and King of Poland, and his wife Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria. A second marriage ceremony took place in person at Versailles on 9 February 1747.
The Duke of Aosta in 1870. The Duke of Aosta with his first wife, Maria Vittoria dal Pozzo. Prince Amedeo of Savoy was born in Turin (then part of the Kingdom of Sardinia). He was the second son of King Vittorio Emanuele II (King of Sardinia and, later, first King of Italy) and of Archduchess Adelaide of Austria.
On her maternal side, she was a granddaughter of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies. Archduchess Eleonora was born in Pula, Austria–Hungary, now Croatia, where her father was stationed as a naval officer. She was educated by private tutors, with an educational emphasis on languages. She learned German, Italian, English, French and from 1895 Polish.
The question of Maria Theresa's marriage was raised early in her childhood. Leopold Clement of Lorraine was first considered to be the appropriate suitor, and he was supposed to visit Vienna and meet the Archduchess in 1723. These plans were forestalled by his death from smallpox. Leopold Clement's younger brother, Francis Stephen, was invited to Vienna.
Salvator was the third child and second-eldest son of Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria, Prince of Tuscany and his wife Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria. Through his mother, Hubert Salvator was a grandson of Franz Joseph I of Austria, and through his father, he was a great-grandson of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Leopold Maximilian Joseph Maria Arnulf, Prinz von Bayern (9 February 1846 – 28 September 1930) was born in Munich, the son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821–1912) and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria (1825–1864). He was a Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) who commanded German and Austro- Hungarian forces on the Eastern Front in World War I.
But the fall of the city represented a turning point: the city ceased being a fortified town. The city was francized gradually. In 1736, the duke Francis III, son of Léopold and his wife the archduchess Maria Theresa, heiress of the House of Habsburg. Alsace was gradually annexed to the kingdom of France during the reign of Louis XIV.
A member of the House of Wittelsbach, she was born in Munich, Bavaria. Maria Josepha was the seventh and youngest child of Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria, and Holy Roman Emperor. Her mother, Maria Amalia, was an Archduchess of Austria by birth. Her maternal grandparents were Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Notizie storico-patrie di Casalmaggiore by Antonio Barili, (1812), page 180. He painted for the Oratory of San Sebastiano, the parish church of the frazione of Vicomoscano, the parish church of Cicognara in Viadana, and the hospital of Casalmaggiore.G. Romani, page 620. He painted a transitory triumphal arch celebrating the visit of the Archduchess in 1770.
Maria Immaculata was known for her beauty. She was included in Empress Elisabeth of Austria's photo album of beautiful women. Because Maria Immaculata's husband gave her a pearl necklace each time she bore another child, Empress Elisabeth mockingly nicknamed the family "The Pearl Divers". Eventually, Empress Elisabeth's youngest daughter Archduchess Marie Valerie married Maria Immaculata's son Franz Salvator.
Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria (Maria Josepha Gabriella Johanna Antonia Anna; 19 March 1751 – 15 October 1767). She was the daughter of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (1708–1765) and Maria Theresa of Austria, Holy Roman Empress (1717–1780). She died of smallpox at the age of 16 and was buried in the Imperial Crypt, Vienna, Austria.
Poniatowski never married. In his youth, he had loved his cousin Elżbieta Czartoryska, but her father August Aleksander Czartoryski disapproved because he did not think him influential or rich enough. When this was no longer an issue, she was already married. His pacta conventa specified that he should marry a Polish noblewoman, although he himself always hoped to marry into some royal family. Upon his accession to the throne, he had hopes of marrying Catherine II, writing to her on 2 November 1763 in a moment of doubt, "If I desired the throne, it was because I saw you on it." When she made it clear through his envoy Rzewuski that she would not marry him, there were hopes of an Austrian archduchess,Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria (1743–1808).
Carl Alexander of Württemberg (in the middle) with his brothers and sisters in 1903 Carl Alexander was the third son of Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg and his wife, Archduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria. He also had four younger sisters. He was taught at home and attended high school after 1914. In World War I, he fought on the Western Front in Italy.
Georg was born in Munich, Bavaria, the elder son of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Gisela of Austria. The New York Times described him as the favourite grandson of both the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and the Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria."Mgr. Prince George of Bavaria Was 63", New York Times (June 2, 1943): 25.
The Archduchess, capricious and spirited in her youth, received a particularly loving education from her parents. That notorious preference that Maria Christina received from her mother caused the intense jealousy of her brothers and sisters, who avoided her and criticized her prominent position within the family more and more vehemently. Maria Christina got along very badly with her governess, Princess Maria Charlotte Trautson.
Napoleon's second wife, Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, carried the Régent back to Austria upon his exile. Later her father returned it to the French Crown Jewels. The diamond was mounted successively on the crowns of Louis XVIII, Charles X and Napoleon III. Today, mounted in a Greek diadem designed for Empress Eugenie, it remains in the French Royal Treasury at the Louvre.
Art and Politics in Early Modern Germany by Pia Cuneo @ Google Books He was employed by William IV, Duke of Bavaria, and painted a series of portraits of Ladies of the Court for Archduchess Anna, the wife of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria. His son, also named Hans, is known to have been a portrait painter in Munich until at least 1610.
Meskens (2013), p. 19 In 1606, he remarried after the death of his first wife in November 1605 and had four children from this second marriage.Meskens (2013), p. 20 One of them was the painter Michiel II Coignet (1618-1663).Meskens (2013), p. 22 In the summer of 1623 Coignet made a request to the Archduchess Isabella to get a pension.
Maximiliana was born on 4 July 1552 in Munich. She was the youngest daughter of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Anna of Austria, a daughter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was educated in music and trained under Hans Schachinger. As an appreciator of music, she became close with the family of Orlande de Lassus.
The origin of the earliest form of the name (Zabotka or Zabatka) is obscure. However, according to a local Bunjevci newspaper, Zabatka could have derived from the South Slavic word "zabat" (Gable), which describe parts of Pannonian Slavic houses.Article in "Bunjevačke novine", number 8, February 2006. The town was named in the 1740s after Maria Theresa of Austria, Archduchess of Austria.
Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta (28 March 1841 – 26 May 1934) was the third son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. He was pretender to the throne of the Two Sicilies in succession of his older half-brother, Francis II of the Two Sicilies. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Ferdinand Pius.
Infante Francisco de Bragança by Jean Ranc, 1729. Francisco Xavier José António Bento Urbano was born on 25 May 1691 in Lisbon. He was given the Duchy of Beja and was made Grand-Prior of Crato and Lord of the Infantado. Plans for him to marry Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria sister of Queen Maria Anna failed in the early stages.
Ludwig as a young man c. 1868 Ludwig was born in Munich, the eldest son of Prince Luitpold of Bavaria and of his wife, Archduchess Augusta of Austria (daughter of Grand Duke Leopold II of Tuscany). He was a descendant of both Louis XIV of France and William the Conqueror. Hailing from Florence, Augusta always spoke in Italian to her four children.
11–15 The musicologist and historian Hans Redlich mistakenly allocates Magli to the role of Orfeo.Redlich, p. 15 In 1608 he sang for the wedding festivities of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. In October 1611 he was granted two years paid leave by Antonio de' Medici to pursue further studies in Naples.
Thus Joseph August's main heir was his eldest grandson Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria (1933-2017), the eldest son of Joseph Francis and his wife Princess Anna of Saxony. Joseph Árpád married Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, and had children in Joseph August's lifetime. His surviving eldest son is Archduke Joseph Karl (born 1960). Joseph August's granddaughter Archduchess Ilona of Austria (b.
Maria Teresa was born in Palazzo Colonna in Rome, the daughter of King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and of his wife, Archduchess Maria Teresa of Austria-Este. She had a twin sister Maria Anna. The two princesses were baptised by Pope Pius VII. Their godparents were their maternal grandparents, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and his wife Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este.
There were also sons Eloy and Joris. Lucas, Susanna and at least one more of his sons were trained by Horenbout to be painters. He had at least two apprentices, one in 1498, and one in 1502. In 1515, he was made painter to Archduchess Margaret of Austria, and also briefly worked at the court of Henry VIII in England.
Duquesnoy was born in Brussels. Having come from Flanders, Duquesnoy was called Il Fiammingo by the Italians and François Flamand by the French. His father, Jerôme Duquesnoy the Elder, sculptor of the Manneken Pis fountain in Brussels (1619), was the court sculptor to Archduchess Isabella and Archduke Albert, governor of the Low Countries. Sculptor Jerôme Duquesnoy, the younger was his brother.
He became a painter to the elite and served a clientele of princes, courtesans and influential state officials. He was still alive in 1626 as is testified by a painting dated in that year. He must have died in or before 1628 as two works he had left as inheritance to a niece were bought in 1628 by the Archduchess Isabella.
When the king's minister Cánovas del Castillo suggested that he take a new wife, Alfonso acquiesced, choosing his Mercedes' sister, Maria Cristina. But she, too, contracted tuberculosis, and died during the engagement period. In late 1879 he married Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria-Teschen; the eldest of their children, the Princess of Asturias, was named in honour of Queen Mercedes.
Irina and her second husband were interested in art and music. She died on 22 January 1955 in Sigmaringen, and was buried in the Einsiedlerkapelle, Inzigkofen, Germany. Her second husband converted to Catholicism in 1920. After he was widowed on 22 January 1955, he married his second wife, Archduchess Charlotte of Austria (1921-1989), on 21 July 1956 in Pöcking.
In 1770, the marriage of the Dauphin of France, the future Louis XVI, and the Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria took place. Marie Fortunée, as she was known in France, and her husband were one of twelve couples invited to dine with the newlyweds in the Opéra of the Palace of Versailles, which had been constructed for the royal wedding.
Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria was born at Nymphenburg Palace, Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, the second child and first daughter of Prince Franz of Bavaria (1875–1957), (son of Ludwig III of Bavaria and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este) and his wife, Princess Isabella Antonie of Croÿ (1890–1982), (daughter of Karl Alfred, Duke of Croÿ and Princess Ludmilla of Arenberg). Princess Maria Elisabeth was born at the beginning of First World War; most of her relatives fought during the war, even her father. Her childhood and youth were very troubled because of the regimes that were established in Germany after the war. Until coming of age the princess lived in Sárvár Castle, in Hungary, which was owned by her grandmother, Queen Maria Teresa, a born Archduchess of Austria, Princess of Hungary and of Modena, among others.
Princess Astrid of Belgium, Archduchess of Austria-Este (born 5 June 1962), is the second child and first daughter of King Albert II and Queen Paola, and younger sister to the current Belgian monarch, King Philippe. She is married to Prince Lorenz of Belgium, head of the Austria-Este branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, and is fifth in line of succession to the Belgian throne.
48 Assunta's eldest brothers, Archdukes Rainer and Leopold, remained in Austria and they recognized the new republic. The rest of the family moved to Spain in January 1919. They settled in Barcelona living with simplicity as they had limited means. Assunta's three elder sisters, Archduchess Dolores, Inmaculata and Margaretha were pliable; Archduchesses Assunta and Maria Antonia were more rebellious and clashed often with their mother Infanta Blanca.
Archduke Albrecht Franz was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary, only son of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen (1856–1936, son of Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria) and his wife, Princess Isabella of Croÿ (1856–1931, daughter of Rudolf, Duke of Croÿ and Princess Natalie of Ligne). He had eight elder sisters and was the youngest child of the family.
On the way, Anne Charlotte crossed the path taken by her niece, the 14-year-old Archduchess Maria Antonia towards that of her French marriage. Anne Charlotte died in Mons in present-day Belgium at the age of 59. She was buried at the Ducal Crypt in Lorraine, the Église Saint-François-des- Cordelier. She was joined by her brother Charles Alexander in 1780.
Maria Clotilde was born in Naples. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son and ninth child of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was the Archduchess of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptised during the first year of her life.
Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria Upon the death of his father on 8 September 1894, Philippe became the Orléanist claimant to the French throne. He was known to monarchists as Philippe VIII. He was an active claimant, regularly issuing manifestos. In October 1895, Philippe was named as co-respondent in the divorce case of Woolston v. Woolston.The Times ( 29 October 1895): 4, ( 5 November 1895): 14.
Culemborg coat of arms Elisabeth of Culemborg (30 March 1475, the former slot of Hoogstraten - 9 December 1555, Culemborg), nicknamed 'Lady Elizabeth ('Vrouwe Elisabeth') was the last sovereign lord or lady of the fiefdom of Culemborg (promoted to a county by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor shortly before her death), from 1504 until 1555. She was also the dame d'honneur of Archduchess Margaret of Austria.
A specific place remaining in the Crypt Chapel is reserved for Archduchess Yolande (1923–), wife (1950) of Archduke Carl Ludwig. There is room for two others along the east wall. Any other entombments would most easily be located along the south wall in the New Vault. There is also room in the Tuscan Vault, but that would not follow the generally chronological arrangement of the tombs.
Isabella was the seventh daughter of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen and his wife Princess Isabella of Croÿ. Some of her siblings included Maria Anna, Princess of Bourbon-Parma and Maria Christina, Hereditary Princess of Salm-Salm. Isabella's paternal grandparents were Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria and Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. Her maternal grandparents were Rudolf, Duke of Croÿ and Princess Natalie of Ligne.
William V was born in Landshut, the son of Albert V and Archduchess Anna of Austria. He received a Jesuit education and showed keen attachment to the Jesuit Counter Reformation tenets. His title 'the Pious' was given to him because he devoted his daily routine to masses (when possible, several times a day), prayer, contemplation, and devotional reading. He took part in public devotions, processions, and pilgrimages.
At age fifteen, Archduchess Eleanore fell in love with Alfons von Kloss, a sailor who worked as the captain of her father's yacht. Their relationship grew during many family's Mediterranean cruises. Archduke Charles Stephen had wished to marry his eldest daughter to a Polish aristocrat, but he was touched by the couple's true love and persistence. He contacted the emperor, asking him to authorize the union.
Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria, one of Dudley's Medici patrons Dudley left England in July 1605, by Calais. His lover and cousin Elizabeth Southwell accompanied him, disguised as a page. She was a daughter of Sir Robert Southwell and Lady Elizabeth Howard, who was a granddaughter of Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, Dudley's uncle. The couple declared that they had converted to Catholicism.
The primogenitural heir to the Counties of Boulogne and Auvergne would be Franz, Duke of Bavaria. , the Bishop of Clermont is Hippolyte Simon, as Archbishop of Clermont-Ferrand. Today, the primogenitural heir to the Dauphinate of Auvergne (Montpensier) would be The Dowager Archduchess of Austria-Este. The primogenitural heir to the Duchy of Auvergne (Bourbon and the original dauphinate) would be The Dowager Duchess of Calabria .
Eugen was the son of Karl Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria (son of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen) and of his wife Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. He was born at the castle of Gross Seelowitz (Židlochovice), near Brünn (Brno) in Moravia, today in the Czech Republic. At his baptism he was given the names Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria. His education was Spartan in character.
Joseph Louis Nicholas, Count of Windisch-Graetz, Baron of Waldstein and Thal (6 December 1744 - 24 January 1802 in Štěkeň) was an Austrian nobleman, a member of the House of Windisch-Graetz, and was chamberlain to Archduchess Marie Antoinette of Austria. He was the second son of Count Leopold Carl Joseph of Windish-Graetz (1718-1746) and his wife Countess Maria Antonia Josepha von Khevenhüller (1726-1746).
The uniform was designed by Debret, in white and red, with plumed bronze helmets. The colors and pattern were influenced by the Austrian dragoons of the period, as the Brazilian Empress Consort was also an Austrian Archduchess. The color of the plumes varies according to rank. The Independence Dragoons are armed with lances and sabres, the latter only for the officers and the colour guard.
52, 68. . Prince Heinrich was a son of Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein (himself a son of Prince Alfred of Liechtenstein) and Princess Theresia Maria of Oettingen-Oettingen. Vincenz was thus a male-line great-great-great-grandson of Johann I Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein. Vincenz' mother, Archduchess Elisabeth, was the youngest daughter of Charles I, the last Emperor of Austria, and his wife, Zita of Bourbon-Parma.
On 24 August 1883 Juan's distant cousin (paternal nephew) and brother-in-law Henri, comte de Chambord died. Henri had been the Legitimist claimant to the throne of France. Henri's widow, Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, and a minority of his supporters held that Juan as senior male descendant of Louis XIV was his successor. They proclaimed him as Jean III, King of France and Navarre.
The education of the Holy Virgin by Saint Anna, copy He was born in Brussels, the son of Jerôme Duquesnoy (I), court sculptor to Archduke Albert and Archduchess Isabella who jointly ruled the Spanish Netherlands. His father is now mainly known as the creator of the Manneken Pis fountain in Brussels (1619).Lydie Hadermann-Misguich. "Jérôme (Hieronymus) Du Quesnoy (i) (l’ancien)" Grove Art Online.
Francesco Corneliani (1740-1815) was an Italian painter, mainly active in a Neoclassic style in his native Milan. Maria Beatrice d'Este, Archduchess of Austria He was born to Carlo Corneliani (or Corneliano), and was intended to become a jeweller. He trained under Sangiorgi at the Accademia Ambrosiana. In 1760, influenced by the paintings of Anton Rafael Mengs, he left for Parma and worked under Carlo Calani.
Robert was the fourth child of Duke Philipp of Württemberg and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. Robert belonged to the fifth branch (called the ducal branch) of the House of Württemberg, descended from the seventh son of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg. On the extinction of the eldest branch in 1921, the ducal branch became the new dynastic-branch of the House.
Archduchess Isabella attended the inauguration-mass without her deceased husband. She came on foot from nearby Diest, which gave rise to the foot-pilgrimages that still survive from places as distant as Maastricht and Bergen op Zoom. She put all her gold and jewellery before the altar, a custom that persists to this day, in the form of coin throwing. The pilgrimage at Scherpenheuvel flourished.
Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Tyrol (6 April 1632 – 7 August 1649), was by birth Archduchess of Austria and member of the Tyrolese branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage the second spouse of her first cousin, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III. As such, she was Empress of the Holy Roman Empire, German Queen and Queen consort of Hungary and Bohemia. She died in childbirth.
Napoleonic départements of the French Empire at its height in 1812. In 1810, the French Empire reached its greatest extent. On the continent, the British and Portuguese remained restricted to the area around Lisbon and to besieged Cadiz. Napoleon married Marie-Louise, an Austrian Archduchess, with the aim of ensuring a more stable alliance with Austria and of providing the Emperor with an heir.
The Council was founded on 1 October 1531 by Emperor Charles V.Geheime Raad (1531-1578), Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands. Accessed 3 April 2017. He prescribed a president, eight councillors, and a secretary. Philip V of Spain abolished the council in 1702, but it was later restored by the archduchess-governess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen and finally abolished by the Brabant Revolution.
He was married to an Austrian archduchess, Marie Antoinette. French intervention in the American War of Independence was also very expensive.William Doyle, The French Revolution: A Very Short Introduction (2001) With the country deeply in debt, Louis XVI permitted the radical reforms of Turgot and Malesherbes, but noble disaffection led to Turgot's dismissal and Malesherbes' resignation in 1776. They were replaced by Jacques Necker.
He knew many secrets of the royal court, and could influence Władysław to be friendly or not towards various newcomers, envoys and other visitors to the court. His influence did diminish after 1637, when Władysław married Habsburg Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria. After that, Kazanowski became an enemy of the queen and other Habsburg supporters, like Jerzy Ossoliński, and allied himself with Piotr Gembicki (chancellor until 1642).
He was the son of Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary and Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg- Schaumburg-Hoym. His mother died shortly after giving birth to him and his twin sister, Archduchess Hermine of Austria. He was brought up by his stepmother, Maria Dorothea of Württemberg. He spent much of his childhood in Buda and at the family estate in Alcsút and received an excellent education.
Whether Sigismund voluntarily handed over power to Maximilian or was strongly coerced by the latter is not clear. With Sigismund's death in 1496, the Tyrolean branch of the Habsburg Leopoldian line became extinct, leaving Archduke Maximilian as sole heir to all the dynasty's possessions. Sigismund, Archduke of Austria and his betrothed Radegonde of Valois and successive wives Eleanor of Scotland and Catherine, Archduchess of Austria.
He was also a captain in the army of Archduchess Maria Elisabeth, Governor of the Austrian Netherlands. In 1715 he was awarded the Order of the Golden Fleece and the Order of Saint Hubert in 1720. In 1722 Emmanuel Ignatius and Charlotte were reconciled, and on 25 October of that year, she gave birth to a third son, Maximilian William Adolph, who was initially recognized by Emmanuel Ignatius as his own.
When Archduchess of Austria Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal arranged to sell the Napoleon Diamond Necklace (worth US$450,000 at the time) in the U.S., she received only a few thousand dollars in return, so she sent Anna Hoberg Eisenmenger to the U.S. to recover the necklace. Archduke Leopold of Austria, Prince of Tuscany was jailed on a grand larceny charge in the matter, but he was acquitted at trial.
After the marriage of Pedro I and Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria in 1817, the Imperial couple resided in the palace. The future Queen of Portugal, Maria II, and the future Emperor of Brazil Pedro II were born here. Empress Maria Leopoldina died in the palace in 1826. Pedro II, future Emperor, grew up and was educated in the palace, and in 1869 ordered the remodelling of the gardens.
Her baptism was conducted with special solemnity, being organized by her uncles Maximilian III, Archduke of Austria, and Prince Ferdinand of Bavaria. The godfather of the princess was Emperor Maximilian II (another uncle), for whom his son Archduke Ernest of Austria stood as proxy, while the rite was celebrated by the Bishop of Brixen.Braun, Keller, Schnettger 2016, p. 100. Dowager Archduchess Anna Catherina with her daughters Anna and Maria.
Achilleion was inherited by Elisabeth's daughter, Archduchess Gisela, but was not used often. German Kaiser Wilhelm II purchased Achilleion in 1907 and used it as a summer residence. During Kaiser Wilhelm's visits substantial diplomatic activity occurred in Achilleion and it became a hub of European diplomacy. The Greek royal family, and particularly Wilhelm's sister Sophia of Prussia, the crown princess and later queen consort of Greece, often came to visit Corfu.
Empress Maria Theresa died on 29 November 1780, and four months later, Maria Anna moved permanently to Klagenfurt. She quickly developed a deep friendship with Xaveria Gasser, Abbess of the convent. Thanks to the generous financial support of the Archduchess the monastery hospital could soon be extended, and her own personal physician supervised the patients of the hospital. She also provided welfare assistance in the municipality of Klagenfurt.
Regina von Habsburg (née Princess Regina Helene Elizabeth Margarete of Saxe- Meiningen; 6 January 1925 – 3 February 2010), also known by the traditional royal title of Archduchess Regina of Austria, was a German-born Austrian social worker. She was a member of the House of Wettin by birth and married to Otto von Habsburg, the last heir of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.Enache, Nicolas. La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg.
In December 1911 Georg became engaged to Archduchess Isabella of Austria (b. 17 November 1888 in Pressburg), daughter of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen, and his wife, Princess Isabella of Croy."Forthcoming Marriages", The Times (December 12, 1911): 11. The wedding took place on 10 February 1912 in the Mariä Vermählung (Marriage of the Virgin Mary) Chapel in the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, officiated by Cardinal Franz Nagl.
Ferdinand in 1760, at age nine. Ferdinand's minority ended in 1767, and his first act was the expulsion of the Jesuits. The following year he married Archduchess Maria Carolina, daughter of Empress Maria Theresa. By the marriage contract the queen was to have a voice in the council of state after the birth of her first son, and she was not slow to avail herself of this means of political influence.
He was the second surviving son of Albert V, Duke of Bavaria, and his wife Archduchess Anna of Austria, and consequently was prepared for a military career. Ferdinand is also known for the two extraordinary diaries he kept, one as fifteen-year-old boy on a journey from Munich to Florence, for his aunt's wedding, and a second journey to Florence, this time as young and experienced man of affairs.
After the death of his father Archduke Karl, Archduke Albrecht inherited in 1847 the Weilburg Palace in Baden bei Wien, that Karl had built for his wife Princess Henrietta of Weilburg (1797–1829). Albrecht and his family usually spent summers there, Archduchess Hildegard being especially fond of its renowned public baths. Because of his charity, he was popularly named Engelsherz (Angel's Heart). During the winter, the family lived in Vienna.
Maria Anna was born at the Royal Palace in Naples. Her father was Ferdinand, Duke of Calabria, the third son and ninth child of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Her mother was the Archduchess of Austria, the tenth daughter and thirteenth child of the famous Maria Theresa of Austria and her husband, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was baptised during the first year of her life.
Theresa Benedicta was the third child of Charles Albert, Elector of Bavaria and Holy Roman Emperor. Her mother, Maria Amalia, was an Archduchess of Austria by birth. Her maternal grand parents were Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Her paternal grand parents were Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria, and Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska, the daughter of the King of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, John III Sobieski.
Thérèse of Saint Augustine, École française, ca. 1771. Even before becoming a Carmelite, Louise had begun in secret to wear religious dress and live the convent life while living at Versailles. The King gave his written consent on 16 February 1770. This was at the same time as the court prepared for the marriage of the new Dauphin (the future Louis XVI) and Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria.
The Archduchess learned, among other things, perfect Italian and French, which, according to Podewils, she particularly liked to speak, as well as quite good English. She also proved to be a talented painter very early. In Schönbrunn Palace her drawings of the imperial family were exhibited which attest to her great artistic talent. She painted some family members including herself and also some copies Genre painting of Dutch and French masters.
On 20 February 1868 she married Prince Ludwig, eldest son of Bavaria's Prince Regent Luitpold, in the Augustinerkirche in Vienna. The couple had fallen in love during a visit of Ludwig to Austria to attend the burial of Archduchess Mathilda. Their decision to marry initially angered the Emperor, who had wished for her to marry Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany. The chief witness was Count Antonius Schaffgotsch.
Gyula also had a successful political career. Count Gyula Andrássy's granddaughter, Klára, married the Hungarian nobleman and industrialist Prince Károly Odescalchi. According to common legend, Count Andrássy had a long lasting romance with Elisabeth, Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary, also known as Sisi, the wife of Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria-Hungary. Some rumored that Sisi's fourth child, Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria, had been fathered by Andrassy.
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (German: Maria Anna von Habsburg, Erzherzogin von Österreich, also known as Maria Anna von Bayern or Maria-Anna, Kurfürstin von Bayern; 13 January 1610 – 25 September 1665), was a German regent, Electress of Bavaria by marriage to Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, and co-regent of the Electorate of Bavaria during the minority of her son Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria from 1651 to 1654.
The Private Garden Square is named after the Empress of Holy Roman Empire, Queen of Hungary and Archduchess of Austria Maria-Theresia Habsburg-Lothringen (1717-1780). Her queen hood became one of the most meaningful periods for the city formation. During that time Uzhhorod grew into a regional center. The location became the capital of newly founded Greek Catholic eparchy that united some of Counties of ancient Zakarpattya.
But the Duke dissolved the engagement. He married Archduchess Maria Theresia and the couple had a splendid palace built at the Ringstrasse in Vienna. They moved in in 1865, but as Duchess Marie Therese never liked the palace it was sold to a banker and investor in 1871. Two years later, the renovated palace was opened on the occasion of the 1873 Vienna World's Fair as the Hotel Imperial.
Philipp Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg (George Philipp Albrecht Carl Maria Joseph Ludwig Hubertus Stanislaus Leopold Herzog von Württemberg, 14 November 1893 – 17 April 1975) was the son of Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg, and Archduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria. He was born in Stuttgart, and became head of the formerly reigning royal House of Württemberg on the death of his father in 1939., Limburg an der Lahn, 2001, pp. 179–180, 600.
During Maximillian's assault on Gallia, she reveals that she is not a Valkyria, but a Darcsen. :In Valkyria Chronicles II Cordelia becomes the Archduchess of Gallia and reveals the truth of her lineage to everyone. While some accept the truth, others were shocked in horror and refused to be ruled by a Darcsen. She is then forced to fight in a civil war against the Gallian Revolutionary Army.
Prince Ludwig, later Ludwig III, married Maria Theresia, Archduchess of Austria-Este in 1868 and it was their first home. Their son Prince Rupprecht was born here in 1869 and was baptised in the palace chapel on May 20, 1869. After the end of the monarchy in Bavaria in 1918, the outbuildings were converted into shops and a garage. In 1923, the Bavarian Landtag approved the private ownership of the palace.
His uncle Bernhard III abdicated on 10 November 1918 following the German Revolution as the German monarchies were abolished. After the war he resumed his law studies and for a time served as a substitute judge for the town of Hildburghausen in the Free State of Thuringia. On 1 May 1933 he joined the Nazis,Archduchess Regina von Habsburg, Royalty Obituaries, The Telegraph, 4 Feb 2010. becoming NSDAP member (# 2.594.794).
Napoleon I of France gave him a diplomatic mission to Hungary in 1803. He was prefect of the département Rhin-et-Moselle 1806-1810 in Koblenz. Appointed as prefect of the département Bas-Rhin on 12 February 1810, he organized the receipt of the Archduchess Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, wife of Napoleon, in March in Strasbourg. Thereafter, its director was focused on improving living conditions in rural areas.
Eleanor of Austria (15 November 1498 – 25 February 1558), also called Eleanor of Castile, was born an Archduchess of Austria and Infanta of Castile from the House of Habsburg, and subsequently became Queen consort of Portugal (1518-1521) and of France (1530-1547). She also held the Duchy of Touraine (1547-1558) in dower. She is called "Leonor" in Spanish and Portuguese and "Eléonore" or "Aliénor" in French.
About 1525 he became court painter to Margaret of Austria, regent of the Netherlands, aunt of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Mechelen. Between 1530 and 1535 he was active in Augsburg and Innsbruck. In 1535 he accompanied the Emperor Charles V, the nephew of the Archduchess, at the Conquest of Tunis. He worked in Spain in 1536, after which he moved to Brussels, where he stayed until his death.
Princess Tatiana was born on 16 August 1984 in Santa Clara, California. She is the second of six children of Prince Peter Galitzine and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. She is a member of the House of Golitsyn, a Russian noble family with Lithuanian ancestry. Her mother, the daughter of Archduke Rudolf of Austria and Countess Xenia Czernichev- Besobrasov, is a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
While there, he sought out contacts at the Court and served as Art Instructor to the Archduchess Charlotte of Belgium until 1858. At that time, family affairs forced him to return to Munich and, once again, he made contacts with royalty. He painted many works for both King Maximilian II and his son King Ludwig II as well as interior design studies for the royal castles at Herrenchiemsee and Linderhof.
Maria Theresa of Austria (21 March 1801 – 12 January 1855) was born an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tuscany. She was a daughter of Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Luisa of Naples and Sicily. She was named after her great-grandmother Empress Maria Theresa. In 1817, she married Charles Albert of Sardinia and subsequently became the Queen of Sardinia upon her husband's accession to the throne in 1831.
Assuming the regency in the Netherlands meant assuming the guardianship of her nieces, Dorothea and Christina of Denmark, the daughters of her older sister, Queen Isabella of Denmark, who had died in 1526. Upon Isabella's death, the princesses had been cared for by Archduchess Margaret. Charles now relied upon Mary to arrange marriages for them, especially for Dorothea, whom he wanted to place on the Danish throne.Jansen, 100-101.
However, he lost more decisively to Frederick at the Battle of Hohenfriedberg and the Battle of Soor in 1745. He was also defeated by Maurice de Saxe at the Battle of Rocoux in 1746. On 7 January 1744 he married Maria Theresa's only sister, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, thus making him doubly Maria Theresa's brother-in-law. The couple were jointly made Governors of the Austrian Netherlands.
The Grand Staircase The lobby (Előcsarnok) was connected to the hall of the main staircase through pillars. The stuccoed ceiling was held up by two rectangular pillars. The apartments of Archduke József Ágost and his wife, Archduchess Auguszta, were situated on the ground floor of the Krisztinaváros wing and opened from this room. Now it serves as the lobby of the Hungarian National Library in a radically modernised form.
Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal in her wedding gown, 1873.Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, 1897. She remained such an influential figure behind the scenes at court after the death of her husband that when rumors spread that she was to marry the master of her household, Count Cavriani, no one dared to say a word against her. In the end the rumors turned out to be false.
Charles and Zita were married at the Bourbon-Parma castle of Schwarzau in Austria on 21 October 1911. Charles's great-uncle, the 81-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph, attended the wedding. He was relieved to see an heir make a suitable marriage, and was in good spirits, even leading the toast at the wedding breakfast. Archduchess Zita soon conceived a son, and Otto was born 20 November 1912.
Less than a year after being laid down in Trieste, Viribus Unitis was launched on 24 June 1911 at a large ceremony featuring Archduke Franz Ferdinand and the Austrian Minister of War, General Moritz von Auffenberg. Viribus Unitiss sponsor at the ceremony was Archduchess Maria Annunziata, sister to Franz Ferdinand. Seven months later, Prinz Eugen was laid down on 16 January 1912. She was followed by Szent István on 29 January.
The Venerable Anna Juliana, Archduchess of Austria, founded several houses and became a Mantellate herself. In 1844 it was introduced into France, and from there extended into England in 1850. The sisters were the first to wear the religious habit publicly in that country after the so-called Reformation and were active missionaries under Father Faber and the Oratorians for many years. This branch occupies itself with active works.
With its ornate coffered ceiling and 26 crystal chandeliers, which once held 1,300 candles, the Hall of Ceremonies was grand. The 24 Corinthian columns are done in scagliola technique, in which painted gypsum resembles marble. In this hall Napoleon I asked for the hand of Archduchess Marie Louise, the daughter of Emperor Francis II/I. This was also where court balls were held and later also speeches from the throne.
In place of historic Galicia there appeared the Ruthenian Voivodeship. In 1526, after the death of Louis II of Hungary, the Habsburgs inherited the Hungarian claims to the titles of the Kingship of Galicia and Lodomeria, together with the Hungarian crown. In 1772 the Habsburg Empress Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary, used those historical claims to justify her participation in the First Partition of Poland.
On 17 January 1742, in Mannheim, he married Elisabeth Auguste, daughter of Count Palatine Joseph Charles of Sulzbach and his consort Countess Palatine Elizabeth Augusta Sophie of Neuburg. There was one child of this marriage who died in infancy, Francis Louis Joseph (28 June – 29 June 1761). On 15 February 1795, in Innsbruck, he married Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria-Este. There were no children of this marriage.
She was raised with her many brothers and sisters in the various properties owned by her parents. While in Vienna, they lived at the Palais Toskana with Schloss Wilhelminenberg as their country state. Vacations were spent in Italy where Infanta Blanca owned a rural property near Viareggio. Theirs was a multi cultural household as Archduchess Maria Antonia's paternal ancestors had reigned in Austria, Tuscany and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Full Italian name: Maria Immacolata Clementina, Principessa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie) (14 April 1844, Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies - 18 February 1899, Vienna, Austria) was fifth child and second-eldest daughter of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his wife Maria Theresa of Austria. Through her marriage to Archduke Karl Salvator of Austria, Maria Immaculata became an Austrian Archduchess.
Princess Maria Luisa of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (full Italian name: Maria Luisa Immacolata di Borbone, Principessa di Borbone delle Due Sicilie) (21 January 1855, Naples, Two SiciliesSpillmann, 9 - 23 August 1874, Pau, Armagnac, FranceSpillmann, 120.) was the youngest daughter of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria. She was known for her piety and for her charity to the poor.
Henri has four siblings: Archduchess Marie Astrid of Austria (born 1954), Prince Jean of Luxembourg (born 1957), Princess Margaretha of Liechtenstein (born 1957) and Prince Guillaume of Luxembourg (born 1963). On 12 November 1964, when Henri was nine, his grandmother's abdication and his father's subsequent accession as grand duke made him heir apparent. As the grand duke's eldest son, he automatically took the title of hereditary grand duke.
He was a choirboy in his youth at St. Lambert's Cathedral, Liège. As early as 1562 he sang in the Imperial Chapel in Vienna. In 1569 he was master at Melk Abbey. In the years 1570 to 1571 we find him at the court of Archduchess Anna Maria for her wedding to the King of Spain Philip II. From 1577 to 1582 Sayve served the Archduke Charles in Graz.
Maria Clementina of Austria (24 April 1777 - 15 November 1801) was an Austrian archduchess and the tenth child and third daughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain. In 1797 she married her first cousin Hereditary Prince Francis of Naples, heir to the kingdoms of Naples and Sicily. She was modest, well educated and kind, becoming popular in her adoptive country.Acton, The Bourbons of Naples, p.
Meanwhile, during May 1914 while in Vienna, he had fallen in love with Archduchess Ilona Theresa of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1889-1919), the granddaughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria and daughter of Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria. She returned his affection but felt that her duty meant she could not marry a man of lesser rank and so their relationship remained initially a secret one.
The cover of the 1950 edition of The Second Seal, depicting the Duke de Richleau and his love interest, the archduchess Ilona Theresa. The Duke De Richleau is a fictional character created by Dennis Wheatley who appeared in 11 novels published between 1933 and 1970. Dennis Wheatley originally created the character for a murder mystery Three Inquisitive People, written and set in 1931 but which was not published until 1939.
In 1650, Wilhelm Biener, following the death of the Archduchess, was charged with treason and embezzlement. He was tried by two Italian judges and was sentenced to death in 1651. After the sentence was given, Biener wrote to Archduke Ferdinand, the son of the former Empress, who ordered a reprieve. However Biener was executed in 1651 in the town of Rattenberg as the official pardon was delivered too late.
Princess Marie Adelheid Amalie Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, full German name: Marie Adelheid Amalie Clotilde, Prinzessin von Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, Herzogin zu Sachsen (8 July 1846, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Île-de-France, Kingdom of the French - 3 June 1927, Alcsút, Hungary) was a Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha by birth and an Archduchess of Austria through her marriage to Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria.
Born in Vienna the son of a well-off noble family, young Hans Wilczek made intensive travels and studied archaeology, art history as well as natural sciences. In 1858, he married Countess Emma Maria Emo Capodilista (1833–1924), a court lady of Archduchess Sophie. He travelled to Russia in 1863, including Crimea and the Caucasus. Then, in 1866, he enlisted in the Austro-Prussian War as a volunteer.
One particular portrait made by Maria Christina in Gouache about 1762 showed the Imperial family celebrating Saint Nicholas: there the Emperor is shown reading the newspaper and the Empress serving the coffee, while her three youngest siblings (Ferdinand, Maria Antonia and Maximilian) were with their gifts. The 17-year-old Maria Christina had a romance with Duke Louis Eugene of Württemberg, but a marriage between them displeased the Empress, who believed that the third son of the Duke of Württemberg was not of enough rank for an Archduchess. In early January 1760 Prince Albert and Clemens of Saxony arrived at the Imperial Court and both were warmly received by the Emperor and Empress. Prince Albert met the lovely Archduchess on the occasion of a concert, in which she participated, and soon he developed a great affection for her, as he recalled in his memoirs. At the end of January 1760, Albert and Clemens returned from Vienna.
Once Holy Roman Emperor, Francis had to face the attack by the Prussian king Frederick the Great, who after the 1742 Peace of Breslau took the bulk of Silesia, while Teschen remained with the Habsburg Monarchy. In 1766 Teschen passed to Francis' eldest surviving daughter, Archduchess Maria Christina and her husband Prince Albert of Saxony, who thus became known colloquially as the Duke of Saxe-Teschen. Although most of Silesia had passed to Prussia, Teschen with Bielsko and the duchies of Krnov (Jägerndorf), Opava (Troppau) and southern part of episcopal Nysa (Neisse) remained under Habsburg control and passed to the newly established Austrian Empire in 1804. Archduchess Maria Christina had died in 1798 and as her marriage remained childless, upon the death of the widowed Albert in 1822 the duchy passed to their adopted son, Archduke Charles of Austria, who assumed the title of Herzog von Teschen and became progenitor of the Teschen cadet branch of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty.
Infanta Maria Anna of Spain was born in the Palace of El Escorial, near Madrid, on 18 August 1606 as the fourth child and third (but second surviving) daughter of King Philip III of Spain and his wife Margaret of Austria, Archduchess of the Inner Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg. Of her seven siblings, only four survived infancy: Anna (later wife of King Louis XIII of France), Philip IV of Spain, Charles (who died young in 1632) and Ferdinand (the later known Cardinal-Infante and Governor of the Spanish Netherlands). Maria Anna's parents had a close kinship: her father was her mother's first cousin once-removed. On her father's side she was the granddaughter of King Philip II of Spain, and his fourth wife and niece Archduchess Anne of Austria, and on her mother's side she was the granddaughter of Charles II, Archduke of Inner Austria and his wife Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria.
After her arrival to France, Marie Louise was only allowed to keep one person of her Austrian entourage, her former governess countess Lazansky, who was her trusted confidante. Montebello, however, complained to Napoleon that she would not be able to act as a guide of the empress as long as she was allowed to keep her Austrian favorite, and Lazansky was therefore sent back to Vienna with Marie Louise's dog the same year.Cuthell, Edith E: An imperial victim : Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, Empress of the French, Duchess of Parma, 1911 This was reportedly a traumatic event for Marie Louise, who had attached herself to Lazansky ever since her first governess, countess Colloredo, who had been as a mother for her, had left her position during her childhood.Cuthell, Edith E: An imperial victim : Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, Empress of the French, Duchess of Parma, 1911 Lazansky was replaced by Montebello as the personal friend, confidant and favorite of the empress.
On her father's side, her grandparents were Charles II, Archduke of Inner Austria and his wife Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria and on her mother's side her grandparents were Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his wife Princess Christina of Lorraine. In addition to her full-siblings, she had an older half-sister, Vittoria della Rovere, born from her mother's first marriage with Federico Ubaldo della Rovere, Duke of Urbino. Maria Leopoldine's oldest brother, Ferdinand Charles, inherited Further Austria, but Dowager Archduchess Claudia assumed regency because of her son's minority. In a letter written to his mother, Elizabeth of England, on 8 September 1641, Charles Louis of the Palatinate (later Elector Palatine) described the intentions of his uncle, King Charles I of England, and Maria Leopoldine's first cousin, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III, to arrange a marriage between the 9-years- old Archduchess and himself; the marriage between them was to end "all grudges betweene our families".
She runs away from Franz Joseph without any explanation. When Sissi returns to their residence, Néné reveals the reason for the trip to Bad Ischl: to become engaged with Franz Joseph. Unexpectedly, a new guest, the Prince of Lippe, arrives and Sissi is invited by the Archduchess to act as his partner at the Emperor's birthday celebration. At his birthday party, Franz Joseph is suddenly confronted by Sissi's appearance there with her mother and sister.
At the time, the area of the farm was still surrounded by mangroves and communication by land with the city was difficult. Later, the wetlands were drained and the roads improved. To better accommodate the royal family, the manor house, though vast and comfortable, needed to be adapted. The most important renovation was begun at the time of the nuptials of Prince Pedro with the Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, in 1819, and finished 1821.
The leaders had to have a camping diploma. In the year preceding the camp, Hungarian Girl Guides had learned foreign languages so as to be able to act as a guides and interpreters. Archduchess Anna of Hungary, Prince Gustaf Adolf and Princess Sybilla of Sweden were also present at Pax Ting. Due to the threat of World War II, which broke out a month later, there were only 5800 girls from 32 countries present.
Otto Treßler, also Otto Tressler, (13 April 1871 - 27 April 1965) was a German-Austrian stage and film actor. He appeared in 43 films between 1915 and 1962. He was born in Stuttgart, Germany and died in Vienna, Austria. He was a close friend to Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria the mother of Emperor Charles I of Austria and the fifth child of George of Saxony and Infanta Maria Anna of Portugal.
Portrait of Amélie of Leuchtenberg; Franz Xaver Winterhalter, 19th century. After the death of his first wife, the Austrian archduchess Maria Leopoldina, in December 1826, Emperor Pedro I of Brazil (and King Pedro IV of Portugal) sent the Marquis of Barbacena to Europe to find him a second wife. His task was not easy; several factors complicated the search. First, Dom Pedro had stipulated four conditions: a good family background, beauty, virtue and culture.
It is (and wasVolkswirthschaftliche Zeitung. (Giselabahn.) Das Vaterland, 15. November 1872 ) also known as the Gisela Railway (Giselabahn), after Archduchess Gisela of Austria, the second daughter of Emperor Franz Joseph I and his wife Elisabeth. Today it is frequently considered to be a continuation of the Western Railway from Vienna to Salzburg; the whole railway line from Wien Westbahnhof to Salzburg and Wörgl is also referred to as Empress Elisabeth Railway (Kaiserin-Elisabeth-Bahn).
Church around 2000, view from Castle Hill Krisztinaváros () is a neighbourhood in central Budapest, situated just west of Castle Hill, north of Tabán. It is named after Archduchess Maria Christina, daughter of Maria Theresa, who interceded for buildings to be erected in this area. The history of Krisztinaváros is inseparable from that of the neighboring old Tabán, Naphegy and Gellérthegy. The central features are Krisztina tér and the entrance to the Castle Hill tunnel.
Theresa's mother, Archduchess Maria Amalia, was also a first cousin of Empress Maria Theresa. Her mother gave birth to seven children, only four of whom lived through to adulthood. Theresa Benedicta's siblings included her brother Maximilian III, Elector of Bavaria, and two sisters Maria Antonia, Electress of Saxony, and Maria Anna Josepha, Margravine of Baden-Baden. She died 29 March 1743 in Frankfurt at age 17 of either smallpox or chicken pox.
Konrad was born in Munich, Bavaria. He was the youngest child of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Gisela of Austria. During World War I, like his older brother Georg, Konrad served in the Bavarian army mainly on the Eastern Front as a commander of the 2nd Royal Bavarian Heavy Cavalry "Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria" Konrad reached the rank of Major and resigned from the military on 6 February 1919.
Maria Cristina de 'Medici was born on 24 August 1609 in Florence as the first child of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. She was born with a deformity and was possibly mentally disabled. She was baptized in the Catholic faith on 21 November 1610. In 1619 she was sent to live in the Convent of the Holy Conception run by the Order of St. Stephen.
He was a founding member of the Vienna Secession, sat on the Secession's working committee, and his work was shown at the group's fourth exhibition in 1899. Still successful artistically, he received patronage from Archduke Charles Stephen and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresia. In his last years, he visited Istria many times to paint landscapes. Jettel died on 27 August 1901 in Lussingrande, before the start of an Adriatic study trip with the Archdruke.
The origins of the Standschützen are found in the Landlibell, a deed issued by Emperor Maximilian I dating to 1511, and a decree by Archduchess Claudia de' Medici of 1632, in which each Tyrolean judicial district had an obligation to provide volunteers, capable of acting as fighting men, the number to be determined in each case depending on the threat, in order to form of a Landwehr for the defence of the state.
White to the lips, Ferenczy announced that Baron Nopcsa had urgent news. Elisabeth replied that he must wait and come back later. The Gräfin (Countess) insisted that he must be received immediately, finally being forced to add that there was grave news about the Crown Prince. This account comes from Gräfin Ferenczy herself and Archduchess Marie Valerie, to whom Elisabeth dictated her memory of the incident, in addition to the description in her diary.
Her opus 2, Dedicated to Ferdinand III of Austria and Eleanora of Mantua on the occasion on the marriage, went unnoticed. Other notable dedicatees include Anne de'Medici, the Archduchess of Austria, Nicolò Sagredo, later Doge of Venice for whom she dedicated her opus 7, and Sophia, Duchess of Brunswick and Lüneburg. She is also assumed to have composed several songs for Duke of Mantua in 1665, a year after her last known published works.
Maximiliana's siblings included King Ludwig I, Caroline Augusta, Empress of Austria, Elisabeth, Queen consort of Prussia, Amalie, Queen consort of Saxony and Sophie, Archduchess of Austria; as well as Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria, mother of Franz Josef's consort, Empress Elisabeth of Austria (Sissi). In 1821, Maximiliana fell ill with typhus, and died at the age of ten. Her death was a devastating blow to her mother. She was buried at the Theatine Church, Munich.
Prince Ernst Heinrich of Saxony, Duke of Saxony (Ernst Heinrich Ferdinand Franz Joseph Otto Maria Melchiades; 9 December 1896 – 14 June 1971) was a member of the Saxon Royal Family. Ernst Heinrich was the youngest son of the last King of Saxony, Frederick Augustus III, and his wife Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. From 1923 through 1945, Ernst Heinrich was Administrative Chief of the association "Haus Wettin – Albertinische Linie e.V.".
Cosimo around 1660, by Sustermans Grand Duke Ferdinando encouraged Cosimo to go on a European tour to distract him from Marguerite Louise's renewed hostility. On 28 October 1667 he arrived in Tyrol, where he was entertained by his aunt, Anna de' Medici, Archduchess of Further Austria. He took a barge down the Rhine to Amsterdam, where he was well received by the art community, meeting painter Rembrandt van Rijn.van de Wetering, p. 281.
Robert Hugo was born at Schloss Weilburg in Baden bei Wien, the second but eldest surviving son of Elias, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1882–1940). He succeeded his father Elias as head of the House of Bourbon-Parma upon his death in 1959, and maintained his style until his death in 1974 in Vienna. He died unmarried and without issue, and was succeeded by his agnatic half-uncle Xavier.
Isabella Clara Eugenia's Coat of Arms as Sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands Beginning in 1601, the Archduke and Archduchess ruled the Habsburg Netherlands together. Their reign is a key period in the history of the Spanish Netherlands. After Albert's death, Isabella was appointed Governor of the Netherlands on the King of Spain's behalf. She was succeeded as Governor by Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria, the third son of her half-brother in 1633.
As a result, the States of the loyal provinces swore to accept the King as heir of the Archduke and Archduchess in a number of ceremonies between May 1616 and January 1617. As the Spanish King's Governor since 1621, the older, widowed Isabella alternated successes, such as that of the Capture of Breda in 1625, with failures and setbacks, such as the losses of 's-Hertogenbosch in 1625 and Maastricht in 1632.
Ferdinand offered Mary the post of regent again in 1528, but she declined, saying that "such affairs need a person wiser and older". Ferdinand persisted in drawing Mary into his affairs throughout 1529. Archduchess Margaret died on 1 December the next year, leaving the position of Governor of the Seventeen Provinces in the Netherlands vacant. Ferdinand informed her about their aunt's death, saying that her affairs might now "take a different course".
Sibylle of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Margravine of Burgau (26 August 1557 in Cleves - 1628 in Günzburg) was the daughter of Duke William the Rich and his second wife, Archduchess Maria of Austria. Her brother John William inherited the United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg in 1592. After he had developed a mental illness, a power struggle broke out at court between Sibylle and her sister- in-law Jakobea of Baden. Sibylle won, and imprisoned Jakobea.
At the request of Pope Sixtus V, the Archduke was then released and in turn surrendered his claim to Poland in 1589. Sigismund was also successful in maintaining peace with his powerful southern neighbour by marrying Archduchess Anne of Habsburg in 1592. Simultaneously, he secured an alliance with Catholic Austria against Protestant foes. When his father died, Sigismund was granted permission by the Polish Diet to claim his inheritance as the rightful King of Sweden.
Altarpiece by Cristóvão Lopes in the Convent of Madre de Deus in Lisbon depicting Catherine of Austria with her namesake, St. Catherine of Alexandria. Currently on display in the National Museum of Ancient Art in Lisbon. An Infanta of Castile and Archduchess of Austria, Catherine was the posthumous daughter of King Philip I by Queen Joanna of Castile. Catherine was born in Torquemada and named in honor of her maternal aunt, Catherine of Aragon.
Princess Anna of Saxony and Joseph Francis of Austria Princess Anna Monika Pia of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony (Full German name: Prinzessin Anna Monika Pia von Sachsen, Herzogin zu Sachsen) (4 May 1903 - 8 February 1976) was the seventh and youngest child of Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and his wife Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany and a younger sister of both Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony, and Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen.
Princess Margarete Karola Wilhelmine Viktoria Adelheid Albertine Petrusa Bertram Paula, Duchess of Saxony (24 January 1900 - 16 October 1962) was the fifth child and second-eldest daughter of Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and his wife Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany and a younger sister of Georg, Crown Prince of Saxony and Friedrich Christian, Margrave of Meissen. She was Princess of Hohenzollern from 22 October 1927 until 16 October 1962.
On 13 May 1817 Leopoldina was married to Dom Pedro per procuram (by proxy) in Vienna. At the ceremony the bridegroom was represented by Leopoldina's uncle, Archduke Charles. Embarkation took place in Livorno on 13 August 1817 among much celebration, and after an adventure-filled voyage lasting 81 days, Leopoldina arrived in Rio de Janeiro on 5 November and finally met her husband. Arrival of Archduchess Leopoldina in Rio de Janeiro, 5 November 1817.
211 f. In 1633, Tyrol was granted the right to build border fortification of Porta Claudia at the Scharnitz Pass on Werdenfels territory in order to protect themselves from the advancing Swedish Army in the Thirty Years' War. The construction of the castle guarding the valley was ordered by Claudia de' Medici, Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Tyrol, to fortify the important crossing from Bavaria to Tyrol. The castle was named after the princess.
Frederick William's father thus became Hereditary Prince (Erbprinz) in 1795, then Duke on 23 December 1797. In 1797, Duke Frederick's father married Charlotte, Princess Royal, the daughter of King George III of Great Britain. They then began to look for a wife for Frederick William and potential brides included the Holy Roman Emperor's sister, Archduchess Maria Amalia, and the Grand Duchesses Alexandra Pavlovna and Maria Pavlovna. Duke Frederick's relationship with his son also deteriorated.
Diana's first daughter Jenny von Gustedt Pierre had raved of Diana's charms to the king, which awakened Jérôme's interest; his advances were initially resisted, as Reinhard pointedly noted in a letter dated 10 August 1809. However, in March 1810 Diana travelled with the royal couple to Paris for Napoleon's wedding to Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria. Her husband did not attend. On 7 September 1811, Diana gave birth to a daughter, Jeromée Catharina.
C.A. Starke Verlag, 2001, pp. 90-92. . She was baptized under the name "Archduchess Walburga of Austria" and her family used the traditional titles as titles of pretense during their exile in Germany when she was a child. She does not currently use her ancestral titles actively in her daily life; however by law she holds the title Countess Douglas in the Kingdom of Sweden, her current country of residence and citizenship.
Beards: Their Social Standing, Religious Involvements, Decorative Possibilities, and Value Offence and Defence Through the Ages, p. 291 (1950) ("Ulmus [has] useful information, showing the royal patronage often offered to bearded ladies.... and the bearded Helena Antonia, according to Ulmus (p. 307) was a special favourite of Margarita of Austria, later Queen of Spain.")Souvenir Print of Helena Antonia, Bearded Lady at the Court of the Archduchess of Austria, Maria of Spain, waddesdon.org.
Another reason for his journey was to forge a Habsburg-Lorraine alliance through a marriage with the Archduchess Maria Theresa. Soon afterward the prince caught smallpox at Lunéville and quickly died at the Château there. He was buried in the Ducal Crypt at the Church of Saint-François-des- Cordeliers, Nancy. His younger brother Francis Stephen became the Hereditary Prince and later married Maria Theresa, Habsburg heiress and future Queen regnant of Hungary and Bohemia.
The Zwinger was designed by Pöppelmann and constructed in stages from 1710 to 1728. Sculpture was provided by Balthasar Permoser. The Zwinger was formally inaugurated in 1719, on the occasion of the electoral prince Frederick August’s marriage to the daughter of the Habsburg emperor, the Archduchess Maria Josepha. At the time, the outer shells of the buildings had already been erected and, with their pavilions and arcaded galleries, formed a striking backdrop to the event.
Maria Theresa of Austria, Charles Albert's wife. The court decided that marriage would provide the prince with internal equilibrium. The chosen bride, accepted by Charles Albert, was the sixteen-year-old daughter of Ferdinand III of Tuscany, Archduchess Maria Theresa, a relative of Queen Maria Theresa. Charles Albert traveled to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and then to Rome on 18 March 1817 and, after a 6-month engagement, married Maria Theresa on 30 September in Florence Cathedral.
The Wedding Banquet On 9 March 1619 Brueghel bought a third house called Den Bock (the Billy Goat) located in the Antwerp Arenbergstraat. When on 6 August 1623 his daughter Clara Eugenia was baptized, Archduchess Isabella and Cardinal Borromeo were her godparents. Jan Brueghel died on 13 January 1625 in Antwerp from complications arising from cholera. The artist's estate was distributed on 3 June and 23 June 1627 among his surviving wife and his children from both marriages.
Maria Cristina was the youngest daughter of King Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and Archduchess Maria Teresa of Austria-Este. Her maternal grandparents were Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este. Ferdinand was the fourteenth child and third son born to Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Theresa of Austria. Maria Beatrice was the eldest daughter of Ercole III d'Este and Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa and Princess of Carrara.
A scandal threatens to break out when Sissi leaves Vienna and returns to Bavaria to see her parents. She keeps the truth from her mother, but confesses to her father that she cannot live with Archduchess Sophie's constant criticism and tyranny. Franz Joseph follows her and finally convinces her to return to Vienna. This strengthens Sissi's influence with the emperor, and she supports Count Gyula Andrássy and the cause of the Hungarians for equal standing in the Empire.
The building was designed by architect Arnold Zenetti and built under the direction of Heinrich Adam in 1863. Initially, it was planned as the city palace (Stadtpalais) and residence of Duke Philipp of Württemberg (1838–1917) and his wife Maria Theresa (1845–1927), née Archduchess of Austria; its original name was Palais Württemberg. The Duke and the Duchess, however, did not enjoy their new home for long. After moving there in 1866, they sold it five years later.
Napoleon, however, disliked his position on the future of Poland, and Metternich was gradually displaced from the proceedings by Prince Liechtenstein. He soon regained influence, however, on 8 October, as Foreign Minister (and additionally that of Minister of the Imperial Household). In early 1810 Metternich's earlier affair with Junot became public but, because of Eleonore's understanding, the scandal was minimal. Metternich was influential in bringing about the marriage of Napoleon to Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria.
Painting by Georges Rouget. One of Metternich's first tasks was to push for the marriage of Napoleon to Archduchess Marie Louise rather than to the Tsar's youngest sister Anna Pavlovna. Metternich would later seek to distance himself from the marriage by claiming it was Napoleon's own idea, but this is improbable; in any case, he was happy to claim responsibility at the time. By 7 February Napoleon had agreed and the pair were married by proxy on 11 March.
After his death in 1879, Eduard Dumont received the heart. In 1895, the nephew of the Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Don Carlos de Bourbon, a pretender to the throne of Spain accepted the relic from a friend of Eduart Dumont, Paul Cottin. The relic was held near Vienna, Austria at the castle of Frohsdorf. The son of Carlos, Jaime, Duke of Madrid, in 1909 inherited the heart, and gave it to his sister, Beatriz.
While admitting knowledge of the plot, he denied involvement in it and maintained his innocence. Despite letters from the Archduchess Isabella written on his behalf, Aarschot was imprisoned for some months before being placed under house arrest, in December 1634. Three years later his wife and eldest son joined him, but they were not allowed to reside in his quarters. Aarschot's depressing and restrictive circumstances brought on a debilitating disease, to which he succumbed in 1640.
In 1448 or 1449 the teenage Eleanor married Sigismund (1427–1496), a Habsburg Duke, then Archduke of Further Austria, and finally ruler of Tyrol (from 1446 to 1490). Sigismund, Archduke of Austria and his betrothed Radegonde of Valois and successive wives Eleanor of Scotland and Catherine, Archduchess of Austria. Eleanor served as regent for her husband from 1455 to 1458 and again in 1467. Heinrich Steinhöwel dedicated his translation of Boccaccio's On Famous Women to Eleanor.
The English explorer Benjamin Leigh Smith, sighted Alexandra Land in 1880, but did not land. He named the area for Alexandra, then Princess of Wales. An alternative account states that the name "Alexandra Land" commemorates Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia (1783–1801), who became Archduchess of Austria in 1799 upon her marriage to Archduke Joseph of Austria, Palatine of Hungary (1776-1847). Alexandra Land is home to Nagurskoye military base, Russia's northernmost military base, built in the 1950s.
Maria Cristina died at the age of 26 on 28 April 1879 in her native Seville. She was buried in the Pantheon of the Infantes of the Monastery of San Lorenzo of El Escorial. Her cousin, Alfonso XII, married on November 28 of that same year with the Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria, and would have with her three children, Mercedes, named after María Cristina's sister the late Queen, Maria Teresa, and Alfonso, the future King of Spain.
Class G is ordered to escort a VIP but they are attacked by rebels and battle Dirk. A mysterious girl appears with a woman wearing a labcoat and destroys the rebel forces, helping Class G win the battle. It is revealed that the VIP is Archduchess Cordelia who is visiting villages to see the extent of the damage and help the villagers. Class G liberates a Darcsen village which is under attack by rebel forces led by Baldren Gassenarl.
Archduchess Isabella Maria Theresia Christine Eugenie of Austria-Teschen (17 November 1888 - 6 December 1973) was a daughter of Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen and his wife, Princess Isabella of Croÿ. She was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine (her grandfather, Archduke Karl Ferdinand of Austria, was a grandson of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II). Isabella was notable for her brief marriage to Prince Georg of Bavaria. Their separation and subsequent annulment were widely reported in newspapers.
He took a seat of the States of Brabant, though his political influence was not important. The archduchess, however, sent him to Orval Abbey to fight Jansenism, which was considered as a major problem. During the period of his abbacy, the abbey acquired many important grounds and the abbey managed to grow to an important economic institution. With this financial capital, the abbot spent important sums to the decoration of the abbey church and the abbey library.
On May 31, 1865, at the age of twenty-seven, he married Archduchess Maria Luisa of Austria-Tuscany (1845–1917), daughter Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his second wife, Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies. The couple had nine children. In 1866, after the death of his uncle, Karl succeeded him as Prince of Isenburg-Birstein. Karl died at the age of sixty in 1899, and his wife Maria Luisa died in 1917.
Archduchess Maria Antonietta was born on 10 January 1858 in Florence as the first child of Ferdinand, Hereditary Grand Duke of Tuscany and the only child from his first marriage to Princess Anna of Saxony. Her maternal grandparents were King John of Saxony and Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria, a daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. Her mother died in 1859. Later that year her father succeeded her grandfather, Leopold II, as the Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Each Princess-Abbess was, by birth, an Austrian archduchess from the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. With the closing of the neighbouring St. George's Abbey in 1782, the Princess-Abbess of the Theresian Institution inherited the privilege of crowning the Queens of Bohemia. Other administrative roles within the Institution included a deaconess, a sub-deaconess, and two canoness assistants. The Institution closed in 1919 after the fall of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the creation of the Republic of Czechoslovakia.
It also took part on the War of the Bands and had voice and right to vote in the Juntas of Guerendiaga, where it occupied the seat number eight. In Arrazola was born Esteban de Urizar, governor of Peru during the reign of Philip II and Juan Alexandro Arrazola de Oñate who was Chamberlain of Archduke Albert and Archduchess Isabella in the Spanish Netherlands. In 1510 the church was built with the approval of the Catholic Monarchs.
Margaret Theresa of Spain (, ; 12 July 1651 - 12 March 1673) was, by marriage to Leopold I, Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She was the daughter of King Philip IV of Spain and the elder full-sister of Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. She is the central figure in the famous Las Meninas by Diego Velázquez, and the subject of many of his later paintings.
Cosimo and Maria Maddalena had eight children, among whom was Cosimo's eventual successor, Ferdinando II, an Archduchess of Inner Austria, a Duchess of Parma and two cardinals. Ferdinando I died in 1609. Due to his precarious health, Cosimo did not actively participate in governing his realm, but he was a great patron of science and letters. Just over a year after Cosimo's accession, Galileo dedicated his Sidereus Nuncius, an account of his telescopic discoveries, to the grand duke.
In the course of this visit, he gave the bride a portrait of her future husband and sent a detailed picture of the young Archduchess. In a letter to Charles Theodore, he describes Maria Leopoldine as a girl who is more Italian than German, both in appearance and in character. He praises her well-formed waist and the beautiful proportions of her round face. He also emphasized her piety and her knowledge of Italian, French and German.
In 1519 he was part of the delegation that had Charles chosen king of the Romans. He was also prominently present at Charles' coronation to Emperor in Bologna in 1530. He was a member of the Privy Council of Charles since 1515 and of the Privy Council of Archduchess Margaret of Austria between 1525-1526. He temporarily served as Stadtholder of the conquered parts of Guelders and was Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland between 1515 and 1521.
During 1717 he served among Bavarian auxiliaries in the Austro-Turkish War. On 5 October 1722, Charles married Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, whom he had met at the imperial court in Vienna. Maria Amalia was the youngest daughter of the late emperor Joseph I and his wife Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Although Bavaria had renounced all claims to the throne via this marriage, it did, however provide the legal basis to the inheritance of certain Austrian possessions.
Infanta Maria Isabel. Portrait by Francisco Goya. Anxious to find a crown for Maria Isabel, in the spring 1801, her mother looked to marry her with her paternal first cousin the Duke of Calabria, Prince Francesco of Naples and Sicily, whose wife, Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, was then still alive, but died of consumption in November of that year. The idea came from the French diplomat Alquier, who had been ambassador in Madrid and Naples.
It was repeatedly restored and enriched with new works of art, frescoes, statues and ornate stone sarcophagi, made by renowned artists of the 19th century. The last member of the family buried there was Archduchess Klotild in 1927. The crypt survived the war unscathed and was spared during the post-war reconstruction. The crypt was looted in 1966 and 1973 (during the construction works), when some corpses were thrown out of the sarcophagi by the thieves.
The work was commissioned by her employer Regent Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, wife of Cosimo II de' Medici. Ruggiero was printed under the protection of Maria Magdalena in 1625, only five years after the first printed opera in Italy. It is the only opera by Francesca Caccini to survive. La liberazione di Ruggiero is written in the stile moderno, that is, the style of Claudio Monteverdi, although the work owes more perhaps to the work of Jacopo Peri.
Susanna Allegretti is an apprentice seamstress from the South Tyrol region of northern Italy, and frequently at odds with her new mistress—head seamstress —Frau Stecher—who is a spy for the Habsburg factotums keeping an eye on the Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. The two young women manage to form a relationship nonetheless, and Maria Anna charges Susanna with assisting her advisor and friend, the dowager sister of the Spanish diplomat Cardinal Bedmar, Dona Mencia de Mendoza.
While en route from Austria to marry Louis, Dauphin of France, Archduchess Marie Antoinette's carriage is intercepted by bloodthirsty zombies. The sole survivor of the attack is Marie Antoinette's twin brother, Albert. He heads for Versailles in his sister's gown–and instead of continuing life as himself, decides to take his dead sister's place. Now at the heart of the French royal court, Albert must face the undead horrors as the man who someday would become Queen.
"Austrian Archduke Buried", New York Times (3 June 1930): 35. Among those present for the funeral were his parents, Archduke Leopold Salvator and Archduchess Blanca, his father's brother Archduke Franz Salvator of Austria with his sons Hubert and Klemens, his mother's uncle Infante Alfonso Carlos of Spain and his wife Infanta Maria das Neves of Portugal, and Dr. Ignaz Seipel (former Chancellor of Austria)."Das Begräbnis des ehemaligen Erzherzogs Rainer Karl Salvator", Wiener Zeitung (3. Juni 1930): 7.
In October, Count Fyodor Rostopchin wrote: On 25 September 1799, a decree was published about the royal title of Alexandra. In Russia, she was referred to as "Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess the Archduchess of Austria" with the French prefix of "Palatine d'Hongrie". The wedding took place on 30 October 1799 at Gatchina Palace, one week after the wedding of her sister Elena. To celebrate both events, poet Gavrila Derzhavin wrote the ode "the wedding celebrations of 1799".
Bonaparte's successes in Northern Italy compelled Maria Carolina to sue for peace, under which Naples had to pay to France a war indemnity of 8 million francs.Bearne, p. 236. However, neither country intended to observe this treaty in the long-term. The marriage of her eldest son, the Duke of Calabria, to Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria in 1797 offered Maria Carolina a brief respite from the affairs of war, which had taken a toll on her health.
Dona Maria Leopoldina of Austria (22 January 1797 – 11 December 1826) was an archduchess of Austria, Empress consort of Brazil and Queen consort of Portugal. She was born Caroline Josepha Leopoldine Franziska Ferdinanda of Habsburg-Lorraine in Vienna, Austria, the daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. Among her many siblings were Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria and Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma, the wife of Napoleon Bonaparte.
Levy, Allison Mary: Widowhood and visual culture in early modern Europe, Issue 7630 Ashgate Publishing Ltd. 2003 , p. 122. Weeks after the marriage, the couple was appointed governors of the Austrian Netherlands in succession of their aunt Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria, who had died in 1741. The couple left Vienna on 3 February and arrived in Wuustwezel, a town in the Austrian Netherlands, on 24 March where they were met by Karl Ferdinand von Königsegg-Erps.
Quéruel, pp. 125–29 In 1810, when Napoleon divorced Josephine and entered into a second marriage with the Austrian Archduchess Marie Louise, Lays was the obvious choice to perform at the wedding ceremony. Meanwhile, his stage activity continued unabated, and in 1807 he was also appointed to serve on the Opéra jury in charge of evaluating new works to be staged.He had already been a member of the literary jury under the Ancien Régime and the Republic.
He was born and active in Bologna. He studied there as a pupil of Raimondo Manzini. Sconzani is known mainly as a decorative painter and as an illuminator of texts, in which he painted floral and birds as decoration.Guida del forestiere per la città di Bologna e suoi sobborghi, by Girolamo Bianconi; Annesio Nobili, Bologna, 1820, page 544. He painted an allegory depicting the Marriage of Prince Karl of Bavaria and Archduchess Maria Amalia d’Austria (1722).
In 1504 he became clerical councillor of the newly created Great Council of Mechelen. Finally in 1508 he was made member of the Secret Council, the highest government institution of the Burgundian Netherlands. Prince Charles's mother, Juana of Castile was insane, and his aunt Archduchess Margaret of Austria, the regent of the Burgundian Netherlands, was his guardian. Prince Charles became acquainted with Jean Carondelet through his brother Ferry, who was the confessor to Margaret of Austria.
Early in his reign, there were plans regarding a marriage of Władysław and Princess Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Palatine (daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine). This was however unpopular, both with Catholic nobles and the Catholic Church, and when it became clear to Władysław that this would not convince the Swedes to elect him to their throne, this plan, with quiet support from Władysław himself, was dropped. Władysław IV in later life Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor's proposal of marriage between Władysław and Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria (sister of future Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor) arrived in Warsaw somewhere during spring 1636. In June that year, Władysław sent Jerzy Ossoliński to the Imperial Court, to work on improving the Imperial-Commonwealth relations. The king's trusted confessor, father Walerian Magni (of Franciscan religious order), and voivode Kasper Doenhoff arrived in Regensburg () on 26 October 1636 with consent and performed negotiations. The Archduchess' dowry was agreed for 100,000 złoty's, the Emperor also promised to pay the dowries of both of Siegmund III's wives: Anna and Konstance.
Eugène was married to Princess Augusta, eldest daughter of King Maximilian I of Bavaria. Pedro had formerly been the first Emperor of Brazil, as Pedro I, and also King of Portugal, as Pedro IV. He was succeeded on the Portuguese throne by his eldest daughter, Maria II, Maria Amélia's elder half-sister. The young Queen was the child of Pedro's first marriage to Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria. In 1828, Maria II's crown was usurped by Dom Miguel I, Pedro's younger brother.
On 17 November the imperial regents Albert of Saxony and Archduchess Maria Christina fled Brussels. The remains of the imperial forces withdrew behind the citadel walls of Luxembourg and Antwerp. Van der Noot declared Brabant independent, and all other provinces of the Austrian Netherlands with the exception of Luxembourg soon followed suit. On 11 January 1790 they signed a pact, establishing a confederation, headed by Van der Noot, under the name Verenigde Nederlandse Staten/États-Belgiques-Unis (United States of Belgium).
He reportedly undercut his competition, leaving him very unpopular with fellow artists and staff. He married in 1771 the painter Gabriele Bertrand, daughter of the captain of Schönbrunn Palace, and an art teacher of the Archduchess Marie Caroline and Marie Antoinette, and one of the few female members of the Academy. In 1778 he purchased a house in Hietzing. In 1779 Beyer's two-volume engraving plant in Austria created a stir because the imagery and architecture were foreign to most.
The frescos were painted from 1762–1766. Queen Maria Amalia appears surrounded by several of the gods of Greek mythology, including Apollo. Prince Ferdinand became King of Naples and Sicily, at only eight years old, under the name of Ferdinand IV of Naples and as Ferdinand III of Sicily; in order to consolidate the alliance with Austria, he was destined to marry an Archduchess of Austria. Charles left his son's education and care to a Regency Counsel which was composed of eight members.
This counsel would govern the countries until the young king be 16 years old. The Archduchess came in the form of Maria Carolina of Austria. The two would have 18 children. Her descendants include today's King Juan Carlos I of Spain, Archduke Otto of Austria, Prince Henri, Count of Paris along with The Prince Napoléon as well as the two pretenders to the throne of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Prince Carlo, Duke of Castro and the Infante Carlos, Duke of Calabria.
She had three brothers and two sisters: King Carol II of Romania; Prince Nicholas of Romania; Princess Elisabeth of Romania and future Queen of Greece; Princess Ileana of Romania and future Archduchess of Austria (Tuscan line); and another brother, Prince Mircea of Romania, who died at age three. Although plump, Maria was a noted beauty in her youth and resembled her sister Elisabeth. During World War I, she worked as a nurse with her mother, along with her two sisters.
In 1750 he issued Revidiertes General Privilegium und Reglement vor die Judenschaft: the "protected" Jews had an alternative to "either abstain from marriage or leave Berlin" (quoting Simon Dubnow). In the same year, Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa ordered Jews out of Bohemia but soon reversed her position, on condition that Jews pay for readmission every ten years. This extortion was known as malke-geld (queen's money). In 1752 she introduced the law limiting each Jewish family to one son.
However, the Empress only agreed to change her governess in 1756, when she appointed the widowed Countess Maria Anna Vasquez née Kokosova to the position. Maria Christina's relationship with Vasquez was much better, and a few years later Countess Vasquez was even named Obersthofmeisterin of Maria Christina's household. The Imperial family celebrating Saint Nicholas, by Archduchess Maria Christina, 1762 Beautiful, highly intelligent but also artistically gifted, Maria Christina enjoyed a conscientious education. The Jesuit Father Lachner taught her several languages and history.
Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria in her youth, circa 1889-90 In 1919 she left Austria with her son Emperor Charles I of Austria and his wife, Zita of Bourbon-Parma, and went into exile with them. She lived first in Switzerland and from 1921 in Germany. She died at Schloss Wildenwart, Upper Bavaria, a property owned by some members of the Royal Family of Bavaria. She is buried in the New Vault of the Imperial Crypt in Vienna, beside her husband.
The following reception took days and was hosted by the king and queen. They had one child, Duke Philipp of Württemberg, who inherited his father's dukedom and in 1865 married Archduchess Marie- Therese of Austria (1845–1927) (daughter of Archduke Albert, Duke of Teschen). These are the ancestors of the present claimants to the throne of Württemberg. In 1838, weakened by pulmonary tuberculosis, Marie left for Pisa with the hope that the more favourable climate would help her to a cure.
Mining in the mountain continued to increase throughout and after the 14th century, as well as handcraft. After the 15th century, Medzev/Meztenseifen split between /Nižný/Unter-/Lower and Vyšný/Ober/Upper Medzev/Metzenseifen. During the Reformation, the monastery was closed and its governance discontinued. The struggle for power continued throughout the Counter-Reformation and eventually resulted in the rebuilding of the monastery under the supervision of Maria Theresia, the Habsburg Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary and Croatia.
The defenders, some 2,000 men, surrendered on 3 February, after five months of siege. Cardinal de la Cueva in Brussels had reported to the king that "han sentido mucho los olandeses la pérdida de Juliers" (the Dutch greatly regret the loss of Jülich). In line with her instructions to appoint Spaniards rather than Spanish Netherlanders as military governors of towns conquered from the Dutch, the Archduchess Isabella named Don Diego de Salcedo, reportedly a persona de muy buenas partes as governor of Jülich.
With Archduchess Anna of Austria he had seven children: # Charles, born and died in 1547 # William V, Duke of Bavaria (29 September 1548 – 17 February 1626) # Ferdinand (20 January 1550 – 30 January 1608) # Maria Anna (21 March 1551 – 29 April 1608) # Maximiliana Maria (4 July 1552 – 11 July 1614) # Friedrich (26 July 1553 – 18 April 1554) # Ernest of Bavaria (17 December 1554 – 17 February 1612), Archbishop and prince-elector of Cologne 1583–1612 Albert is buried in the Frauenkirche in Munich.
Weakened due to four living childbirths and at least two miscarriages during her marriage, Margaret died on 12 March 1673, at the age of 21. She was buried in the Imperial Crypt, in Vienna. Only four months later, the widower Emperor – despite his grief for the death of his "only Margareta" (as he remembered her)Wheatcroft 1997, p. 201. – entered into a second marriage with Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria, member of the Tyrol branch of the House of Habsburg.
The Holy Roman Empire, ruled by the Habsburg dynasty, gave way to the Empire of Austria between 1804 and 1806. The last Holy Roman Emperor, Franz II, was proclaimed Emperor Franz I of Austria. His daughter, the Archduchess Maria Louise, was Napoleon’s second wife and Empress Consort, and the mother of Napoleon’s only legitimate son and heir, Napoleon, Duke of Reichstadt. With the collapse of Napoleon’s empire, Imperial Austria regained its traditional control of Lombardy as the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.
On 25 November 1844, Henri married Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies, daughter of Leopold of the Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno and Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, in Naples. The couple had several children, one of whom reached adulthood but nonetheless predeceased him. #Louis Philippe Marie Léopold d'Orléans, Prince of Condé (15 November 1845 - 24 May 1866) died unmarried and childless. #Henri Léopold Philippe Marie d'Orléans, Duke of Guise (11 September 1847 - 10 October 1847) died in infancy.
Georg was born on 15 January 1893 in Dresden, capital of Kingdom of Saxony. He was the son of Prince Frederick Augustus, the later King Frederick Augustus III and his wife, Luise, née Archduchess Luise of Austria, Princess of Tuscany. His siblings were the Princes Friedrich Christian and Ernst Heinrich and the Princesses Margarete, Maria Alix and Anna Monika After his parents divorced in 1902, his father took sole parental responsibility for his children. He emphasised the Christian faith and a Catholic lifestyle.
Maria married Alfonso Carlos of Bourbon, Duke of San Jaime, second son of Juan, Count of Montizón and his wife Archduchess Maria Beatrix of Austria-Este, on 26 April 1871 in Kleinheubach. Alfonso Carlos was her first cousin once removed, as Maria's father (Miguel of Portugal) and his paternal grandmother (Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal) were siblings. Their union produced only a son who died some hours after his birth, in 1874. They were unable to have more children and died childless.
But Jelačić was still loyal to the Emperor, and kept relations with the Imperial Court, especially with Archduchess Sophia, the mother of Franz Joseph I of Austria. Immediately after arriving at Zagreb, Jelačić got the order to join the discussions with the Hungarian government in Vienna. During these, Jelačić stated that his position was derived from the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, while Lajos Batthyány called him "a separatist" seeking to break away from the Habsburg Monarchy. Jelačić called this a "rebellion".
They were then escorted to the Pardo Palace in Madrid, where shortly after her arrival Zita gave birth to Archduchess Elisabeth.Harding. Alfonso XIII offered his exiled Habsburg relatives the use of Palacio Uribarren at Lekeitio in the Bay of Biscay. This appealed to Zita, who did not want to be a heavy burden to the state that harboured her. For the next six years Zita settled in Lekeitio, where she got on with the job of raising and educating her children.
Cesati, p 96: Isabella was strangled by her husband, who was anxious to marry his mistress. Orsini also had murdered his mistress' husband; Murphy 2003:323ff. In 1618 the villa was purchased from the Orsini by Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, wife of the future Grand Duke Cosimo II, and was completely rebuilt between 1622 and 1625 to the design of the architect Giulio Parigi. The villa was doubled in size with a large corps de logis flanked by two canted lower wings.
Anna as an Austrian Archduchess Anna was the eldest daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria of Spain, who were first cousins. She was born in Spain during the reign of her maternal grandfather, Emperor Charles V, but lived in Vienna from the age of four. Anna was considered her father's favorite child. The story goes that he enjoyed playing and gambling with her and once a meeting of the Estates of Hungary was postponed because Anna was sick.
He was the son-in-law of Emperor Franz Joseph I through his marriage to Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria. Pregnant with Franz Salvator's child, she persuaded Friedrich Franz von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst (1879-1958), a German prince of the Hohenlohe family, that the baby was his. They married in London on 12 May 1914, giving her the title of "princess", which she used the rest of her life. Her son was born in Vienna on 5 December 1914, and named Franz Josef.
He was an Austrian archduke, the oldest son of Archduke Charles Stephen and Archduchess Maria Theresia, Princess of Tuscany. He was a landowner in Żywiec, a colonel of artillery in both the Imperial Austro- Hungarian Army (cavalry) and the Polish Army, and the 1,175th knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in 1910, etc.Ribera, José António Moya, Costados, N.º 81 In 1918 and again in 1939 he became a volunteer in the Polish army. He fought in the Polish–Soviet War.
Emperor Charles V with Hound (1532). Archduchess Anna (c. 1545), Kunsthistorisches Museum Jakob Seisenegger (1505–1567) was an Austrian portrait painter who was the court painter of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and also painted Ferdinand's brother Charles V. Most of his portraits are of the Austrian Habsburg family and their allies, including several of children. He won international fame for his use of full-length poses in his portraits, creating a model used by future artists, such as François Clouet.
Several German translations were made during the 15th century (viz., in the period corresponding to the final phase of Middle High German or the formative phase of Early New High German). There is a surviving version in Alemannic German, possibly written in the Old Swiss Confederacy, dated to between 1440 and 1460, and another version in Moselle Franconian, probably written in the region of Trier. Another translation of the French text was made by Eleanor, Archduchess of Austria (1433–1480).
Baluster candle sticks and a French Empire mantel clock with a figure of Minerva, (1817). Located in the Blue Room of the White House, shown as decorated by Stéphane Boudin in 1963. The clock is now on a table of the Entrance Hall. Napoleon and the Archduchess Marie-Louise, as Mars and Venus Pierre-Philippe Thomire (1751–1843) a French sculptor, was the most prominent bronzier, or producer of ornamental patinated and gilt-bronze objects and furniture mounts of the First French Empire.
Archduchess Maria Immaculata of Austria-Tuscany, 1874. Maria Immaculata was modest and reserved growing up and was jokingly called by her father "Petitta." Her mother, Maria Theresa, detested parties and court life and instead, she devoted herself to the care of her children and sewing. After the fall of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies during the Expedition of the Thousand, the royal family fled to Rome where they resided at the Quirinal Palace at the invitation of the Pope Pius IX.
Although the Hungarians were driven out from Halych-Volhynia by 1221, Hungarian kings continued to add Galicia et Lodomeria to their official titles. In 1527, the Habsburgs inherited those titles, together with the Hungarian crown. In 1772, Empress Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary, decided to use those historical claims to justify her participation in the first partition of Poland. In fact, the territories acquired by Austria did not correspond exactly to those of former Halych-Volhynia.
In 1752, the then-governor, Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, decreed that the bodies of executed criminals be transferred to the Faculty of Medicine in Leuven for dissection in Rega's anatomical theatre. Rega died in Leuven on 22 July 1754. He had been a book collector, and after his death his immense library was auctioned off over a period of three weeks. He bequeathed the gem-encrusted medal that Archduchess Maria Elisabeth had given him to St. Peter's Church, Leuven, his parish church.
Christ the Saviour adored by Abbot Robert Holman By 1589 Gillis Claeissens had moved to Brussels where he was nominated painter in title to the governor general of the Low Countries Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. After Farnese died on 2 December 1592, Gillis returned to Bruges. Four years later he returned to Brussels to enter the service of the Archdukes Albert and Isabella. For the Brussels court he painted religious paintings as well as miniature portraits of the Archduchess.
The baronial branch held the Lieutenant Postmaster General position in Trento and the Adige and the counts held the Lieutenant Postmaster General position in Bolzano. The descendants of Lamoral, Baron Taxis di Bordogna e Valnigra (1900–1966) from his marriage to Princess Theresia Christiane of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1902–1990), daughter of Prince August Leopold of Saxe- Coburg and Gotha and his wife Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria, are known by the family name Tasso de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança.
The Senate's decision on 17 February 1810 created the title "King of Rome", and made Rome the capital of Italy. Between 1810 and 1812 Napoleon's divorce of Joséphine, and his marriage with Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria, followed by the birth of his son, shed light upon his future policy. He gradually withdrew power from his siblings and concentrated his affection and ambition on his son, the guarantee of the continuance of his dynasty, marking the high point of the Empire.
Portrait of Catherine of Austria by Lucas Cranach the Younger. The death of Queen Barbara Radziwiłł, five months after her coronation and under distressing circumstances, compelled Sigismund to contract a third, purely political union with his first cousin, the Austrian archduchess Catherine, to avoid an Austro-Russian alliance. She was also the sister of his first wife, Elizabeth, who had died within a year of her marriage to him, before his accession. Catherine, unlike previous queens, was considered dull and obese.
20 Snayers likely moved to Brussels in order to pursue opportunities at the court of the Archduchess Isabella, the widow of the Archduke and the governess of the Southern Netherlands. After Isabella's death in 1633, Snayers became court painter to the next two governors, the Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria (1634–1641) and the Archduke Leopold (Wilhelm) (1647 to 1656). For them he painted scenes of victorious battles in the tradition of sixteenth- century tapestries. He painted portraits of the aristocracy in Brussels and large landscapes.
The duke, Charles IV, who was allied with the houses of Austria and Bavaria, adopted a policy hostile towards France. He and afterwards, his nephew, Charles V of Lorraine had been officers in the Imperial Austrian Army. It was only later that France was presented with both motive and a favourable occasion to annex the duchy. This was the marriage, in 1736, of Francis de Lorraine to the heiress of the Austrian imperial house, Archduchess Maria Theresa, at a moment when Austria was weakened.
Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (Maria Anna Josepha Antonia; 6 October 1738 - 19 November 1789) was the second child of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. As a child, and for a time the eldest surviving child, she was heiress presumptive, but she suffered from ill health and physical disability, and did not marry. In 1766 she became abbess of the Frauenstift in Prague. Soon thereafter she moved to Klagenfurt and remained there for the rest of her life.
In Vienna on 26 September 1819 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 7 October 1819 (in person), Frederick Augustus married firstly with the Archduchess Maria Caroline of Austria (Maria Karoline Ferdinande Theresia Josephine Demetria), daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austria. They had no children. In Dresden on 24 April 1833 Frederick Augustus married secondly with the Princess Maria Anna of Bavaria (Maria Anna Leopoldine Elisabeth Wilhelmine), daughter of the King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. Like his first marriage, this was childless.
Mathilde died at the age of 18 in Schloss Hetzendorf, the Viennese home of Empress Elisabeth, on 6 June 1867. The archduchess had put on a gauze dress to go to the theatre. Before leaving for the theatre, she wanted to smoke a cigarette but shortly thereafter her father, who had forbidden smoking, approached her, and she hid the cigarette behind her dress, immediately setting light to its very flammable material and giving her second and third- degree burns. Her death was witnessed by her whole family.
Her full name was Maria Anna Giuseppa Antoinette Francesca Gaetana Teresa Amalia Clementina, her first four names were the same as her mother's eldest sister Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1738-1789). She was born and died while her father was still styled Duke of Calabria. She was then styled Princess of Naples and Sicily. Her older siblings were Maria Theresa, namesake of her grandmother, born in 1772; Maria Luisa, born in 1773 and Carlo, Duke of Calabria, born just ten months before her.
Patinated and ormolu bronze piece representing Mars and Venus, an allegory of the wedding of Napoleon I and Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria. By the famous bronzier Pierre-Philippe Thomire, c. 1810. A French Empire-style mantel clock is a type of elaborately decorated mantel clock that was made in France during the Napoleonic Empire (1804–1814/15). Timekeepers manufacturing during the Bourbon Restoration (1814/1815–1830) are also included within this art movement as they share similar subjects, decorative elements, shapes, and style.
Caroline was born at Caserta Palace in Naples. She was the eldest child of Prince Ferdinand, the future King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and his first wife, Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, the tenth child and third daughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria Luisa of Spain. Her parents were double first cousins. Caroline was baptised with the names of her paternal grandparents, Maria Carolina of Austria and King Ferdinand of Naples, as well as her maternal grandmother Maria Luisa, Holy Roman Empress.
1894 The New Bishop's Palace is constructed to the designs of Pugin & Pugin (sons of Augustus Welby Pugin, the Gothic enthusiast responsible for much of the decorative work of the Palace of Westminster). The Bishop's Palace was partly funded by donations from all over the world, including 5000 schools in Europe and the US, the Lord Mayor of London and an Archduchess of Austria. An imposing dark brick gothic pile, it is believed to be the first house in Auckland built to include electric lighting.
Ferdinand was the eldest child and son of Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta and his wife Princess Maria Antonietta of Bourbon- Two Sicilies. He was a grandson of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and an older brother of Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Maria Immaculata, Princess Johann Georg of Saxony, Maria Cristina, Archduchess Peter Ferdinand of Austria, Maria di Grazia, Princess Imperial of Brazil, Prince Ranieri, Duke of Castro, Prince Philip of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, and Prince Gabriel of Bourbon-Two Sicilies.
During the course of the only imperial wedding to be held in Graz, future Empress, Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Tyrol resided in the new family residence of the Eggenbergs. Johann Seyfried spared no expense for either his princely patronage or the imperial visit. While his brother, Johann Christian, knew how to increase his wealth with the typical Eggenberg cunning, Johann Seyfried did not seem to have inherited the economic talent of his family. Within a few decades he brought himself to almost complete ruin.
His siblings included the future Duchess of Parma, Archduchess Anna of Austria and Grand Duke Ferdinando II, himself father of the penultimate Medici grand duke. He pursued a military career.Young, p 531 Along with his mother and Mattias, he visited Austria in 1631 in order to meet his uncle the Emperor Ferdinand II. He fought in the Battle of Lützen during the Thirty Years' War but fled the scene. His elder brother, Grand Duke Ferdinando, reprimanded him for his conduct in a letter dated 14 July.
Archduchess Maria Karoline was born in Vienna as the second daughter and sixth child of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg. Her father, the "hero of Aspern", was a son of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor and Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain. Her mother was a daughter of Frederick William of Nassau-Weilburg (1768–1816) and his wife Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg. Between her siblings there were Maria Theresa, Queen consort of Two Sicilies and Archduke Albrecht, Duke of Teschen.
On 10 February 1912, Isabella married her distant cousin Prince Georg of Bavaria. He was the elder son of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife Archduchess Gisela of Austria. The wedding took place at the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, and was attended by many important figures, including Franz Joseph I of Austria, Prince Georg's maternal grandfather. Before the wedding, Isabella renounced all rights of succession to the Austrian and Hungarian thrones, an act required of all archduchesses when they married, regardless of the groom's rank.
This is a list of Queens who have ruled as Queen in many countries (Separate queens for separate countries). Included also are Pharaohs and Empresses, as well as other titles in case of smaller states (Grand Duchess, Archduchess, Duchess, Princess, etc.) If the Queen ruled as a regent this is indicated by "(regent)" following the name. Where a queen had no powers but only the title "(titular)" is added. Queens consort (who are styled Queen by virtue of marrying a monarch) are not included.
The Hotel Post opened in 1828 was the first one in the whole Salzkammergut area. In 1849 Franz Karl's son, Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria chose the town for his summer residence. On 19 August 1853 the engagement between Franz Joseph and Elisabeth of Bavaria (Sisi) took place at the Seeauerhaus, Esplanade No. 10, which since 1989 has been the location of the Museum der Stadt Bad Ischl. In 1854, the Emperor's mother, Archduchess Sophie, gave him the Kaiservilla (Imperial Villa) as a wedding present.
Leo Karl Maria Cyril-Methodius Habsburg-Lorraine, Archduke of Austria (5 July 1893, Pula, Austria-Hungary - 28 April 1939, Bestwina, Poland) was an Austrian military officer, a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. He was the fifth child and the second son of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and Archduchess Maria Theresia, Princess of Tuscany. Archduke Leo Karl was his father’s answer to the Eastern European question, and became the would-be Regent of the Habsburgs' zone of influence in the Balkan region.
Giovane made a name for herself at the Viennese court in 1795 though her writings on education and became employed as a Hofmeister in the court of the Archduchess Marie Louise, the granddaughter of Queen Maria Caroline. She was winner of the Star Cross Order. On 16 January 1794 Frederick William II of Prussia announced she was to be included in the Prussian Academy of Sciences, becoming the second female member. She was also an honorary member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
Margaret Theresa was born on 12 July 1651 in Madrid as the first child of King Philip IV of Spain born from his second marriage with his niece Mariana of Austria. Because of this avunculate marriage, Margaret's mother was nearly thirty years younger than her father. Margaret's paternal grandparents were King Philip III of Spain and his wife Archduchess Margaret of Austria. Her maternal grandparents were Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor and his wife Infanta Maria Anna of Spain, the daughter of her paternal grandparents.
Through his father, Emperor Pedro I, he was a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza. This, in turn, was an illegitimate branch of the Capetian dynasty. He was thus grandson of João VI and nephew of Miguel I. His mother was the Archduchess Maria Leopoldina, daughter of Francis II, last Holy Roman Emperor. Through his mother he was a nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte and first cousin of Emperors Napoleon II of France, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Maximilian I of Mexico.
Upon the death in 1633 of her maternal aunt, Archduchess Isabella Clara Eugenia, ruler of the Low Countries, her brother Victor Amadeus became heir to the rights of their maternal grandmother Elisabeth of Valois, eldest daughter and heiress of Henry II of France and Catherine of Medici. She had ancestral links to Portugal: two of her great-grandmothers (i.e. Empress Isabella and Beatrice, Duchess of Savoy) had been daughters of king Manuel I of Portugal. The Duchess of Mantua is arrested, following the Restoration of Independence.
Elisabeth and her older sister Archduchess Maria Annunciata of Austria (later Abbess of the Theresia Convent in the Hradschin, Prague) were the product of his third marriage to Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal, a daughter of the deposed King Miguel I of Portugal. In addition, her father was a younger brother of Franz Joseph I of Austria, the reigning emperor at the time of her birth. He was also a sibling of Maximilian I of Mexico, who became Emperor of Mexico for a short period of time.
The 18-year-old Maria Leopoldine had no idea of this marriage project and didn't know her 70-year- old bridegroom personally. While Archduke Ferdinand consented to the marriage between his young daughter and the aged Elector, his wife Maria Beatrice had doubts. Nevertheless, the marriage was agreed and the young Archduchess had to sacrifice her own happiness to the reasons of state. In early January 1795 Count Maximilian von Waldburg-Zeil arrived to Milan to negotiate the marriage contract for his master the Bavarian Elector.
At the end of the 17th century, Prince-Archbishop Kuenburg had the Protestant miners expelled, after which several hundred of them emigrated to Walcheren and Zeelandic Flanders in the Dutch Republic. With the former prince-archbishopric, Hallein became part of the Austrian Empire by 1816. The Kaltenhausen brewery was purchased by Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria- Este and became one of the largest Salzburg operations during the 19th century. In World War II, Hallein was the site of a work camp annex to the Dachau concentration camp.
Upon the death of Marie Louise in 1847, the necklace passed to Archduchess Sophie of Austria, the wife of her brother Archduke Franz Karl of Austria. Two diamonds were removed from the necklace to shorten it, at the request of Princess Sophie. These diamonds were fitted to a pair of earrings, the location of which is now unknown. Following the death of Sophie in 1872, the Napoleon Diamond Necklace was jointly inherited by her three surviving sons, Archdukes Karl Ludwig, Ludwig Viktor, and Franz Joseph of Austria.
Not all who argued against influence claimed that the similarities to be found in the works of the two men were superficial. Rudolf Steiner met Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche when he was working on the famous Weimar Edition of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's works then in preparation under commission from the Archduchess Sophie of Saxony. She subsequently asked him to arrange the Nietzsche library and even admitted him to her ailing brother's presence. He spent several weeks in the Nietzsche Archives in Naumberg fulfilling Förster-Nietzsche's request.
Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria (Marie Henriette Anne; 23 August 1836 – 19 September 1902) was Queen of the Belgians as the wife of King Leopold II. Marie Henriette was one of five children from the marriage of Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary, and Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg. Marie Henriette was a cousin of Emperor Ferdinand I of Austria, and granddaughter of Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor, through her father. She was also first cousin to the future Queen Mary of the United Kingdom through her mother.
Christian Behrens is probably his best known student. In 1872, Kundmann entered a competition to create parts of a memorial to the Archduchess Maria Theresa, to be placed between the Naturhistorisches Museum and the Kunsthistorisches Museum, under the direction of Kaspar von Zumbusch. Kundmann received commissions for several statues at both museums. He also worked on memorials to Franz Grillparzer and Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, as well as sculptures for the City hall, the new wing of the Hofburg Palace and the arcades of the University of Vienna.
This new street also took part of the Terrasse des Feuillants, which had been occupied by cafés and restaurants. The new street, lined with arcades on the north side, was named the rue de Rivoli, after Napoleon's victory in 1797. Napoleon made few changes to the interior of the garden. He continued to use the garden for military parades and to celebrate special events, including the passage of his own wedding procession on April 2, 1810, when he married the Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria.
In the Museo di Roma can be seen a painting of the baptism. Maria Teresa spent the majority of her childhood in Cagliari on the island of Sardinia, where her family had taken refuge from the armies of Napoleon I of France. In 1814 her father was restored to rule in Piedmont and the family returned to Turin. She had hoped to marry her cousin Charles Albert of Savoy who in 1817 married Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, a daughter of the Duke of Tuscany.
Imperial confessor Andrew Samborski wrote: Once, Alexandra turned up to a ball beautifully dressed, with magnificent jewellery. The Empress was incensed at being upstaged by the Archduchess, and ordered her to remove her jewellery, and also told her that she could no longer wear them. Heeding her instructions, Alexandra only decorated her hair with flowers when she attended a play some time later. The flowers highlighted her beauty, leading her to be applauded and being given a standing ovation, making Maria Theresa even more furious.
Upon the December 1744 death of Charles' consort and co- governor, Archduchess Maria Anna, a sister of Maria Theresa, Kaunitz was virtually the head of government.William J. McGill (1968), 'The roots of policy: Kaunitz in Italy and the Netherlands, 1742–1746', in: Central European History, 1:2, pp. 131–149. In 1746, however, he was forced to leave Brussels after it was besieged by French forces under Count Maurice de Saxe. He moved with the government of the Austrian Netherlands, first to Antwerp, then to Aachen.
For some time was considered the possibility of a second marriage for Eleonora, with the Polish King John II Casimir Vasa, but this project was never implemented. Eleonora enjoyed great respect from Leopold I, who consulted with his stepmother on many political and personal issues. The Dowager Empress established good relations with her stepson's first wife, Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain. The relationship with Leopold I's second wife Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria were tense, but didn't last long due to her early death.
On behalf of the Archduchess Claudia de' Medici, Biener administered the collection of revenues. He became unpopular in this occupation, particularly after exchanging heated correspondence with the Bishop of Brixen over taxes the Bishop believed the principality was exempt from paying. Wilhelm Biener tightened the administration, and fought against corruption and official malpractice. He prevented the secession of the ecclesiastical principalities Brixen and Trento by enforcing their contractual ties to Tyrol so that, as a consequence, these territories remained under the authority of the Tyrol.
Playwright Josef Wenter used the struggle between Wilhelm Biener and the aristocracy as a reflection of Austrian culture and policy in the 1930s. Author Robert Pyrah has suggested the play, Der Kanzler von Tirol, was popular despite its contentious political material due to the tragic romance developed between Biener and Archduchess consort of Austria Claudia de'Medici. Dr Hermann von Schmid wrote his novel The Chancellor of Tyrol on Wilhelm Biener. It has been suggested that this book contributed to the perception of Biener as hero.
Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 115 Although their parents were observant Catholics, they found their youngest daughters religious fervor worrisome. Archduchess Maria Antonia abandoned her desire to become a nun and married an impoverished Majorcan aristocrat, but Assunta remained adamant in her determination to become a nun.Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 135 After running away in a ship to South America, Assumpta, still a minor, was returned to her parents who relented their opposition.Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 140 With their permission, she entered the convent of Santa Teresa de Tortosa near Barcelona.Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 145 At the outbreak of the Spanish civil war, the convent was attacked and the nuns were forced to flee for their lives. Those, like Assunta, who had not yet taken their final vows were free to follow a secular life. Assunta obtained permission to leave her order and joined her mother and unmarried siblings who were then living in Viareggio.Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 237 In the late 1930s, through one of her brothers, Archduchess Assunta met Joseph Hopfinger (1905-1992), a Jewish Polish doctor.Harding, Lost Waltz, p. 280 Against her mother opposition, they married in September 1939 at Ouchy, Switzerland.
The title of Archduke or Archduchess of Austria was known to be complemented with the style of Royal Highness for all non-reigning members of the House of Habsburg and later the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. Even though the Habsburgs held the Imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire, it was nominally an elective office that could not be hereditarily transmitted, so the non-reigning family members adopted the style of members of the hereditary Royal family of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, etc. This changed when Francis I of Austria dissolved the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, as the Archduchy of Austria was elevated to an Empire in 1804; the members of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine abandoned the style of Royal Highness in favour of the style of Imperial and Royal Highness to reflect the creation of the Empire of Austria. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the former empress Marie Louise of France was restored to her Imperial and Royal style and granted the title of Duchess of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla, as well as being restored to her premarital title of Archduchess and Imperial Princess of Austria, Royal Princess of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia.
The re-establishment of peace in Europe meant that Charles Albert could return to Turin, and he was advised to do so by his tutor, count Alessandro Di Saluzzo di Menusiglio, and by Albertina. He left Paris (and his step-father) and arrived in Turin on 24 May. There he was welcomed affectionately by King Victor Emmanuel I (Charles IV had abdicated in 1802) and his wife Queen Maria Theresa, by birth a Habsburg archduchess. His property and lands were restored to him and he was granted the Palazzo Carignano as a residence.
Napoleon chose divorce so he could remarry in search of an heir. Despite his divorce from Josephine, Napoleon showed his dedication to her for the rest of his life. When he heard the news of her death while on exile in Elba, he locked himself in his room and would not come out for two full days. Her name would also be his final word on his deathbed in 1821. On 11 March 1810 by proxy, he married the 19-year-old Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, and a great niece of Marie Antoinette.
The samba school Imperatriz Leopoldinense was created on March 6, 1956 in the suburb of Ramos, in Rio de Janeiro. It is named after Maria Leopoldina, archduchess of Austria and Empress of Brazil, consort of Emperor Pedro I. Imperatriz began its successful journey to victory in 1980 when it won the championship for the first time. Since then it won the first prize eight times. From 1992 to 2009, the school had a carnival as a teacher, artist, set designer and costume designer Rosa Magalhães, who has five titles to college.
And in this year he composed also the Missa Para a Festa da Degolação de S. João Baptista (CPM 120), – Mass for the Feast of the Beheading of St. John the Baptist, which he completed in 20 days at the Royal Farm. In 1819, the first daughter of prince Dom Pedro and the archduchess Leopoldina was born. She was baptized princess Maria da Glória, and later she would be Queen Maria II of Portugal. The Senate nominated Nunes Garcia to conduct the thanksgiving mass, celebrated in the church of St. Francis of Paula.
36 Archduchess Assunta grew up in the last period of the Habsburg monarchy. She was raised with her many brothers and sisters in the various properties owned by her parents enjoying a comfortable and privileged life. Their main residence was the Palais Toskana in the district of Wiede in Viena with Schloss Wilhelminenberg, on the Eastern slopes of the Gallitzinberg, in the Wienerwald Western parts of the Austrian capital as their country state. Vacations were spent near Viareggio, Italy where Infanta Blanca owned, la Tenuata Real, a rural property.
Imperial Crown of Austria The Emperor of Austria (German: Kaiser von Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro- Hungarian Empire. A hereditary imperial title and office proclaimed in 1804 by Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, and continually held by him and his heirs until Charles I relinquished power in 1918. The emperors retained the title of Archduke of Austria. The wives of the emperors held the title empress, while other members of the family maintained the title archduke or archduchess.
Albrecht was sent south to command a division under Radetzky, who faced a coalition of states of the Italian peninsula led by King Charles Albert of Sardinia. Albrecht personally supervised the crossing of the Ticino and by the handling of his division ensuring victory at Novara on 23 March 1849. He became civil and military governor of Hungary in 1851, serving until his recall in 1860. When Archduchess Hildegard went to Munich in March 1864 for the funeral of her brother, King Maximilian II, she became ill with a lung inflammation and pleurisy.
In 1723 Anne Charlotte's father, Léopold, disappointed with his relations with France, decided to send his heir to finish his education in Vienna under the supervision of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor. Léopold had been secretly hoping to have his son marry the Emperor's heiress, Archduchess Maria Theresa. The young prince of 16 years died the same year and as a result his brother Francis Stephen became the heir to Lorraine and left Lunéville for Vienna. Francis Stephen later married Maria Theresa and became Holy Roman Emperor upon her accession, the couple having sixteen children.
Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria (who was given the Latin baptismal name of Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Francisca Theresa Josepha Lucia) was born at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna on 12 December 1791 to Archduke Francis of Austria and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily.de Saint-Amand, p. 1 She was named after her grandmother, Marie Louise, Holy Roman Empress. Her father became Holy Roman Emperor a year later as Francis II. Marie Louise was a great-granddaughter of Empress Maria Theresa through both her parents, as they were first cousins.
6 In July 1765 the whole Imperial family traveled to Innsbruck for the wedding of the second- oldest son, Leopold. They halted in Klagenfurt, where Maria Anna visited the small monastery that belonged to the Order of Saint Elisabeth, established there in 1710. The encounter with the sisters was to be a turning point in Maria Anna's life. Thea Leitner explains that the Archduchess became enthusiastic for the monastic life because the nuns didn't care about appearances and Maria Anna always lived with the fear of being ridiculed because of her hump.
Hélène of Orléans - Duchess of Aosta, 1903 Most of Hélène's siblings had married well, including Amélie, Queen of Portugal, Philippe, Duke of Orléans (who married Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria) and Isabelle, Duchess of Guise, and Hélène's parents had hopes that she would marry an heir to a throne. Those hopes were fanned by the fact that Hélène was considered a great beauty for the day, and one contemporary source stated that she was "the personification of womanly health and beauty, distinguished as a graceful athlete and charming linguist".
Therese Natalie was the sixth daughter of Duke Ferdinand Albert II of Brunswick-Bevern (1680-1735) and his wife Antoinette Amalie (1696-1762), a daughter of Duke Louis Rudolph of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and Princess Christine Louise of Oettingen-Oettingen. Therese Natalie was a first cousin of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia. She was a sister-in-law of King Frederick II of Prussia. Efforts to marry Princess Therese Natalie with an Archduke of Austria or a French prince failed because she was unwilling to convert to the Catholic faith.
He was born in Dresden, as the second son of King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and his wife Archduchess Luise, Princess of Tuscany. Friedrich Christian (right) and his brother George on a photograph by August Kotzsch in 1900 Friedrich Christian was made a lieutenant in the 1st Royal Saxon Leib- Grenadier Regiment No. 100 at the age of 10, in accordance a family tradition of the House of Wettin. In 1913, he studied at the Military Academy in Dresden. During World War I, he served General Staff on the Western Front.
In 1999, Sigismund married Elyssa Edmonstone (born Glasgow, 11 September 1973), the only daughter of Sir Archibald Bruce Edmonstone, of Duntreath, 7th Baronet by his second wife Juliet Elizabeth Deakin. Archduchess Elyssa is a great-great-granddaughter of Marshall Field and a third cousin of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall. The Edmonstone family is an old Scottish family that was raised to a baronetcy in 1774; their best- known member was the royal mistress Alice Keppel. Through this family connection, Elyssa and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall are third cousins.
With French support, Stanislas was again elected king. This brought France into conflict with Russia and Austria who supported Augustus III, Elector of Saxony and son of Augustus II. Stanislas lost the Polish crown, but he was given the Duchy of Lorraine as compensation, which would pass to France after his death. Next came the War of the Austrian Succession in 1740 in which France supported King Frederick II of Prussia against Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary. Fleury died in 1743 before the conclusion of the war.
She also played the Archduchess Tatiana in Tovarich, a comedy about a pair of Russian aristocrats who survive in Paris by going into domestic service. It was in this play that she made a highly successful London debut at the Lyric Theatre in 1935, with Cedric Hardwicke as her co-star. During World War II, she appeared on Broadway in Dark Eyes, a comedy she wrote with Elena Miramova about three Russian exiles in New York. The play was produced in London after the war with Eugenia Delarova and Irina Baronova.
Self-portrait after an engraving of Johann Casper Heilmann, ca. 1765 In December 1763, Prince Albert of Saxony returned to Vienna to express his condolences to the Imperial family for Isabella of Parma's death. He became a good friend of the late Isabella after her marriage with the future Joseph II and, as he noted in his diary, also developed a close relationship with Maria Christina. In 1764 the Saxon prince met the Archduchess, firstly in Vienna in the spring and later in Pressburg, the former capital of Hungary, more often.
Eszterháza was first inhabited in 1766, but construction continued for many years. The opera house was completed in 1768 (the first performance was of Joseph Haydn's opera Lo speziale), the marionette theater in 1773. Joseph Haydn's concerts typically took place in the Sala Terrena on the ground floor, in the picture gallery, where on May 30th, 1781 a concert was performed in the presence of Duke Albert and Sachsen- Teschen and his spouse, Archduchess Christine. Musical entertainment for the higher ranks was provided in the main building, typically located in the picture gallery ground floor.
In 1718 he lost the Battle of Milazzo during the War of the Quadruple Alliance, when Spain invaded neighbouring Sicily. From February until October 1725 Daun was interim Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands. He was to prepare for the arrival of the new governor, Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria, sister of the Emperor Charles VI. The situation in the Austrian Netherlands was very difficult after the mismanagement by the previous plenipotentiary minister Hercule-Louis Turinetti, marquis of Prié. Daun profited from the positive atmosphere resulting from the departure of Prié.
He did not want Charles Emmanuel II to marry an Archduchess of Austria, for fear of loss of influence in the duchy. Negotiations took over a year before Marie Jeanne Baptiste went to Annecy with her grandmother Françoise of Lorraine on 1 May 1665 to meet her future husband. Marie Jeanne Baptiste married Charles Emmanuel II on 20 May 1665 at the Castello del Valentino amid great celebration. Her large dowry included border provinces of Genevois, Faucigny as well as Beaufort which would become the property of the mainline House of Savoy.
Frederica was born on 27 July 1765 in Treptow an der Rega, Farther Pomerania (now Trzebiatów, Poland) as the seventh child and second daughter of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and his wife Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Among her siblings were King Frederick of Württemberg, Sophia Dorothea, Empress of Russia, and Elisabeth, Archduchess of Austria. Frederica's paternal grandparents were Karl Alexander, Duke of Württemberg and Maria Augusta of Thurn and Taxis. Her maternal grandparents were Margrave Frederick William of Brandenburg-Schwedt and Princess Sophia Dorothea of Prussia, sister of Frederick the Great.
Unlike his great grandfather, Louis Philippe I, Philippe claimed grand mastership of the Order of the Holy Spirit as intrinsic to his dynastic claim to the throne, and sometimes wore the breast star of the order. On 5 November 1896, in Vienna, Philippe married Archduchess Maria Dorothea of Austria (1867–1932), a daughter of Archduke Joseph Karl of Austria, Palatine of Hungary, and granddaughter of Princess Clémentine of Orléans, as well as a niece of Marie Henriette of Austria, Queen Consort of the Belgians. There were no children from this marriage.
The personal union (the diplomatic term for marriage) of Louis, then the Dauphin, and the Austrian Archduchess Marie Antoinette, was considered both a political and matrimonial mésalliance in the eyes of many Frenchmen. It flew in the face of 200 years of French foreign policy, in which the central axiom "had been hostility to the House of Habsburg." The French foreign minister, the Comte de Vergennes, maintained deep-seated hostility to the Austrians that antedated the alliance of 1756. He had not approved of the shift in France's traditional bonds and considered the Austrians untrustworthy.
In 1713, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI established a line of succession that gave precedence to his own daughters over the daughters of his deceased older brother, Emperor Joseph I. To protect the Habsburg inheritance, he coerced, cajoled, and persuaded the crowned heads of Europe to accept the Pragmatic Sanction. In this agreement, they acknowledged any of his legitimate daughters as the rightful Queen of Bohemia, Hungary and Croatia, and Archduchess of Austria—a break from the tradition of agnatic primogeniture.Michael Hochedlinger. Austria's Wars of Emergence, 1683–1799.
Archduchess Margaret of Austria (; ; ; ; 10 January 1480 – 1 December 1530), Suo jure Countess of Artois, was Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1507 to 1515 and again from 1519 to 1530. She was the first of many female regents in the Netherlands. A central political figure of the early 16th century, Margaret was one of the greatest government administrators, political negotiators, and patrons of her time. She helped Emperor Charles V overcome his uncertain steps at the beginning of his reign and became an invaluable asset to his rule until her death.
In 1809, he left for Rome with the help of Austrian Archduchess Maria Anna, sister of Emperor Francis I of Austria, and count Francesco della Torre. In Rome, he studied painting with Domenico Conti Bazzani and in the Scuola del Nudo at the Accademia di San Luca. In 1814, he was awarded a silver medal for his drawing Study of the Apostople. Two years later, he married Maria Ricci and in 1818, have two son Augusto and Alfredo will become the first director of the Revoltella Museum in Trieste.
He boards the Dandarius along with Townshend, who is now more of a hostage, and tries to flee. Avan sees them and orders Class G to battle them. He uses his bird Jarde to send a letter to Cordelia (who has regained the title of Archduchess) to mobilize the Gallian Navy and attack the Dandarius. At the harbour, Class G fights Dirk, but when they are about to lose Aliasse turns into a Valkyria, saying that Class G are her friends and she will not let Dirk hurt them.
Franz Joseph II (Franz Josef Maria Aloys Alfred Karl Johannes Heinrich Michael Georg Ignaz Benediktus Gerhardus Majella; 16 August 1906 – 13 November 1989) was the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein from 1938 until his death. Franz Joseph was the son of Prince Aloys of Liechtenstein and Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria. He succeeded his childless grand-uncle, Prince Franz I, after his father renounced his right of succession in his favour in 1923. During his reign women received voting rights for the first time, following a referendum on the topic (among men only) in 1984.
As a gift to Johann Wilhelm and his new bride, Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha of Austria, Johann Wilhelm's father ceded to them the Duchies of Jülich and Berg in 1679. Johann Wilhelm later also succeeded his father as Elector Palatine in 1690. In the Peace of Rijswijk (1697), he was restored to many of the possessions which had been taken by the French, with the provision that the Electorate of the Palatinate not revert to Protestantism. This provision did not make him popular in the Palatinate and with Protestants.
It is not known if Anne was born at Hever (the year of her birth is not certain), but she lived there until she was sent to the Netherlands in 1513 to receive an education at the court of the Archduchess Margaret. Henry VIII often used the nearby Bolebroke Castle to conduct his courtship with Anne. The property came into the possession of Henry VIII after the death of Anne's father, Thomas Boleyn, in 1539. He bestowed it upon Anne of Cleves in 1540 as part of the settlement following the annulment of their marriage.
Maria Theresa and her family celebrating Saint Nicholas, by Archduchess Maria Christina, in 1762 Like all members of the House of Habsburg, Maria Theresa was a Roman Catholic, and a devout one. She believed that religious unity was necessary for a peaceful public life and explicitly rejected the idea of religious toleration. She even advocated for a state church and contemporary adversary travelers criticised her regime as bigoted, intolerant and superstitious. However, she never allowed the Church to interfere with what she considered to be prerogatives of a monarch and kept Rome at arm's length.
She initially lost her battle for the imperial crown for her husband, Francis Stephen of Lorraine. With the acquisition of the crown by Charles VII of the Bavarian House of Wittelsbach, units from the Electorate of Bavaria formed the Imperial Army for a short time, from 1742 to 1745. A year after the loss of the imperial crown, the Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary directed her troops to wear green instead of gold for officers' sashes and for the regimental flags. Gold has always been considered an imperial attribute.
Subsequently, in August 1765, Isabella's father-in-law Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor died, and Joseph succeeded him as Holy Roman Emperor with the title of Joseph II. (In 1767, Maria Josepha died of smallpox.) Isabella had predicted even before her death that their daughter would follow this same road shortly after. Her forebodings were fulfilled on 23 January 1770, when the little Archduchess Maria Theresa died at age 7 of pleurisy. The loss was overwhelming for Joseph. After the death of his only child, Joseph withdrew increasingly from public life.
The early life of Pedro II of Brazil covers the period from his birth on 2 December 1825 until 18 July 1841, when he was crowned and consecrated. Born in Rio de Janeiro, the Brazilian Emperor Dom Pedro II was the youngest and only surviving male child of Dom Pedro I, first emperor of Brazil, and his wife Dona Leopoldina, archduchess of Austria. From birth, he was heir to his father's throne and was styled Prince Imperial. As member of the Brazilian Royalty, he held the honorific title "Dom".
Princess Maria was born on 11 May 1988 in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg as the fourth of six children of Prince Peter Galitzine and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. She is a member of the House of Golitsyn, a Russian noble family with Lithuanian ancestry. Her mother, the daughter of Archduke Rudolf of Austria and Countess Xenia Czernichev-Besobrasov, is a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine. Princess Maria was a great-granddaughter of Charles I and Zita of Bourbon-Parma, the last Emperor and Empress of Austria.
She has two sisters (Archduchess Katharina of Austria-Este and Isabelle, Dowager Princess of Wied) and two brothers (Hereditary Prince Alexander and Prince Viktor). Birstein Castle Growing up at Birstein Castle, the family seat in Hesse, Sophie studied at a primary school in Birstein and at St. Mary's school (de) in Fulda. She then attended the boarding school Kloster Wald and passed her A-Levels as well as a trade test as a dressmaker. She undertook internships in her country's Bundestag, and in London, Hong Kong, and Shanghai.
Cristofano Allori: Cosimo II Cosimo's father Ferdinando I took care to provide him with a modern education. Indeed, Galileo Galilei was Cosimo's tutor between 1605 and 1608. Ferdinando arranged for him to marry Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria, daughter of Archduke Charles II, in 1608. Their marriage was celebrated with an elaborate display on the Arno, which included a performance of the Argonautica, in which Jason sailed around an artificial island and presented Maria Maddalena with six red apples, alluding to the Medici family symbolic balls, or palle.
Prince Mattias was the third son of the ruler of Florence Grand Duke Cosimo II de' Medici of Tuscany and Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria. In Siena he took drawing classes with the local painter Guiliano Periccioli. After working in Siena for some time, Prince Mattias allowed Mehus to accompany him to Florence when he moved there temporarily with his court. In Florence the prince arranged for Mehus to work with the important painter Pietro da Cortona who had been in charge of the decoration of the Palazzo Pitti for a few years.
Both sons Johannes Baptist and Johann Nikolaus died in the Long Turkish War. In 1595 the Italian artist was appointed as a court artist under Archduke Ferdinand (later Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor) in the Styrian capital of Graz. Traveling with his patron to Rome and Loreto and with Ferdinand’s mother, the Archduchess Maria to Spain de Pomis became a close acquaintance of his later principal, Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg. It was likely on this trip to Spain that he made sketches of El Escorial which served as a model for Schloss Eggenberg.
Vitzthumb was born in Baden bei Wien. Arriving in Brussels in 1735 at the age of 11, he entered the service of archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria as a child-singer in her choir. Taught by Jean-Joseph Fiocco, then choirmaster of the Brussels chapel royal, Vitzthumb became a court drummer at sixteen, a post he held for more than 40 years alongside other roles. His half-brother, François-Antoine Vitzthumb, was a trumpeter in the court and his son Paul Vitzthumb (1761–1838) succeeded him as court drummer.
Sophia of Poland (, 6 May 1464 - 5 October 1512), was a princess, member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, great grand daughter of Emperor Sigismund and by marriage Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach and Brandenburg-Kulmbach.Jagiellon Dynasty Born in Kraków, she was the second daughter of Grand Duke of Lithuania and King Casimir IV of Poland and his wife Archduchess Elisabeth of Austria, daughter of the German king Albrecht. She was named after her paternal grandmother, Sophia of Halshany, Queen of Poland. Sophia was baptised by John Gruszczynski, Bishop of Krakow.
Duke Albrecht was born in Vienna as the eldest child of Duke Philipp of Württemberg and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, daughter of Archduke Albert, Duke of Teschen. Albrecht entered the armies of the Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire in 1883, rose quickly through its ranks and became the heir apparent to the throne of Württemberg. In 1910, Albrecht attended the funeral of King Edward VII. He was a second cousin once removed of Mary of Teck who was the Queen consort of George V.
Chasseur à Cheval, with a large bicorne and a hand-in-waistcoat gesture. A French Empire mantel clock representing Mars and Venus, an allegory of the wedding of Napoleon I and Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria. By the famous bronzier Pierre-Philippe Thomire, ca. 1810. Celebration of the anniversary of the birth of Napoleon Bonaparte involving historical reenactment groups in uniforms from the Napoleonic period on Napoleon Hill in Szczecin (Poland), 2008 Napoleon I, Emperor of the French, has become a worldwide cultural icon generally associated with tactical brilliance, ambition and political power.
Infanta Alicia of Spain, Duchess of Calabria (née: Princess Alicia Maria Teresa Francesca Luisa Pia Anna Valeria of Bourbon-Parma; 13 November 1917 - 28 March 2017) was a daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. Alicia was Duchess of Calabria through her marriage to Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria (1901–1964). She bore the title of Infanta of Spain from 1936, and took part in some of the activities that the Spanish Royal Family organises. Through marriage, she was maternal half-aunt of Juan Carlos I of Spain.
Archduchess Sophie. Painting by Joseph Karl Stieler. Franz Joseph was born August 18, 1830 in the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna (on the 65th anniversary of the death of Francis of Lorraine) as the eldest son of Archduke Franz Karl (the younger son of Holy Roman Emperor Francis II), and his wife Princess Sophie of Bavaria. Because his uncle, reigning from 1835 as the Emperor Ferdinand, was weak-minded, and his father unambitious and retiring, the mother of the young Archduke "Franzl" brought him up as a future Emperor, with emphasis on devotion, responsibility and diligence.
From his father-in-law's estate, Albert received the territory of Teschen in Austrian Silesia and was accordingly given the title of Duke of Teschen. Since he became a member of the Habsburg-Lorraine family, the title of Archduke was also given to him. The Silesian Duchy of Teschen had been inherited by Emperor Francis through his father's Gonzaga ancestry, as compensation for the lost Duchy of Montferrat, taken from them in favor of the dukes of Savoy. Archduchess Maria Christina, the daughter of Francis of Lorraine, received the duchy among her dowry.
Da Ponte's librettos for L'arbore di Diana and Così fan tutte were the only ones of his not taken from an existing plot. The opera's premiere on 1 October 1787 marked a visit to Vienna of the niece of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, the Archduchess Maria Teresa, who was on her way to Dresden to marry Prince Anton Clemens of Saxony in person (they had been married by proxy in Florence the month before).Holden, p.95 The work was enormously successful in its day, but Martín's operas have since fallen from the repertoire.
Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna, Archduchess of Austria and Palatina of Hungary, in Hungarian dress, ca. 1800. Due to his responsibilities as Palatine, after a short stay in the Imperial court Archduke Joseph and his wife moved to Hungary, where they settled in the Alcsút Castle. On May 7, 1800, the composer Ludwig van Beethoven played in the presence of Archduke Joseph and his wife Alexandra at the Buda castle. This was part and main event of a week-long celebration organized by the Archduke in honor of his beautiful wife Alexandra.
Imperial confessor Andrew Samborski wrote: A daughter, Archduchess Alexandrine of Austria, was born on 8 March 1801, but died within hours. She was named after her mother. Upon learning of the death of her daughter, Alexandra Pavlovna said: On the eighth day after the birth, Alexandra was allowed to get up, but in the evening she developed puerperal fever, which finally caused her early death on 16 March 1801 aged 17. Hungarian historian Sándor Domanovszky related the event as follows: Her death occurred during the same week as her father's murder.
Edmund Tull (1870-1911) was a Hungarian artist born at Székesfehérvár. He was educated at Budapest, Milan, and Paris, being in the last-named city a pupil of J. P. Laurens and of B. Constant. His first work, "The Cathedral of Notre Dame," attracted attention at the exposition in Budapest in 1896, while his etchings are especially valued in London and Vienna. His best-known works are: "Peasant Mowing," "A Lane in Dort," and "The Island of Capri," in the historical art museum of Budapest; and "The Smithy," owned by Archduchess Isabella.
Princess Margaretha of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony (; 24 May 1840 - 15 September 1858) was the eighth child and fifth eldest daughter of King John of Saxony and his wife Princess Amalie Auguste of Bavaria and a younger sister of Kings Albert of Saxony and George of Saxony. She was born in Dresden, then in the Kingdom of Saxony. Through her marriage to Archduke Charles Louis of Austria, Margaretha was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess and Princess of Austria and Princess of Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, and Tuscany.
In 1736 her brother the Duke of Lorraine married the Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, daughter and heiress apparent of Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor. The union between the House of Lorraine and the House of Habsburg allowed a more prestigious marriage for the unwed princess. The already twice widowed Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia asked for her hand in late 1736. She married the King of Sardinia by proxy on 5 March 1737 at Lunéville with the Prince of Carignan, who was the prince's brother-in-law, acting as the king.
Countess Olympia von und zu Arco- Zinneberg was born on 4 January 1988 in Munich to Count Riprand von und zu Arco-Zinneberg and Archduchess Maria Beatrice of Austria. Through her father she is a great-great granddaughter of Ludwig III and Maria Theresa of Austria- Este, the last king and queen of Bavaria. Through her mother she is the granddaughter of Robert, Archduke of Austria-Este and Princess Margherita of Savoy-Aosta. She is a great-granddaughter of Charles I and Zita of Bourbon- Parma, the last emperor and empress of Austria.
This is short for 'Serenissorum Archiducum Pictor', a reference to his official position as a court painter to Archduke Albert and Archduchess Isabella.Denis van Alsloot, Flight into Egypt at Sotheby's Van Alsloot painted topographically accurate as well as imaginary landscapes, including summer and winter landscapes. Like later landscape painters in Brussels such as Lucas Achtschellinck, Lodewijk de Vadder and Jacques d'Arthois, van Alsloot drew inspiration from the Sonian Forest near Brussels. His forested landscapes often incorporate views of castles and abbeys located in the Sonian Forest near Brussels.
Portrait of Rupprecht as a child by Franz von Lenbach c. 1874. Rupprecht was born in Munich, the eldest of the thirteen children of Ludwig III, the last King of Bavaria, and of Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, a niece of Duke Francis V of Modena. He was a member of the lineage of both Louis XIV of France and William the Conqueror. As a direct descendant of Henrietta of England, daughter of Charles I of England, he was claimant to the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland in the Jacobite succession.
But Metternich and the archduchess Sophie of Bavaria, who dominated the court in Vienna, rejected an alliance with the House of Orléans, which they deemed too unstable. Another against , by on 25 June 1836, justified their fears. These two setbacks upset . On 29 July 1836, the inauguration of the , intended to be the scene of a ceremony of national concord, during which the July Monarchy would harness the glory of the Revolution and of the Empire, finally took place, quietly and unceremoniously, at seven in the morning and without the king being present.
When her sister Archduchess Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen, known to the family as Marie or Mimi, visited Parma in 1775, she reported to their mother that Amalia lost much of her beauty and glamour and was also less gay and discriminating. Maria Theresa commissioned a portrait of her grandchildren in Parma by Johann Zoffany. Maria Amalia was in touch with her sisters, Queen Marie Antoinette of France and Queen Maria Carolina of Naples and Sicily for most of their married lives. The three sisters exchanged letters, portraits and gifts.
On 8 August 1746, Josef and Kristof Festetics (the two sons of the second marriage of Paul Festetics) added de Tolna to their surname (von Tolna in Austria). On 5 November 1766, Josef's eldest son Pal Festetics de Tolna (1725–1782) was made a count by Queen Maria Theresa of Hungary. On 24 February 1772, Kristof's eldest son Pal Festetics de Tolna (1722–1782) was made a count by Queen Maria Theresa of Hungary, who was also Archduchess of Austria and Holy Roman Empress. The title of count was inheritable by all male-line descendants.
The Queen consort of Portugal, Archduchess Mary Anne Josepha of Austria (1683–1754), was fond of him; after his first wife died she arranged for him to marry the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef, Count von Daun. The King, John V, was not pleased, however, and recalled him in 1749. John V died the following year and his son Joseph I of Portugal was crowned king. Joseph I was fond of Pombal; with the Queen Mother's approval he appointed him as Minister of Foreign Affairs.
References vary regarding Skalić's nationality. M. Girardi-Karšulin at the University of Zagreb claims that he was Croatian,Basic philosophical problems in Pavao Skaliæ's work (1994) as do the historians Joseph F. Patrouch and Stephen L. Wailes,Queen's Apprentice: Archduchess Elizabeth, Empress María, the Habsburgs, and the Holy Roman Empire, 1554-1569, Joseph F. Patrouch, BRILL, 2010, pp. 39The Rich Man and Lazarus on the Reformation Stage: A Contribution to the Social History of German Drama, Stephen L. Wailes, Susquehanna University Press, 1997, pp. 224 and other sources.
In 1725, she was appointed Prince Eugene of Savoy's successor as the regent governor of the Austrian Netherlands by her brother, Charles VI. Maria Elisabeth was described as a forceful administrator and a popular regent. Her independent politics, however, were not always appreciated in Vienna. She suspended the Ostend Company in 1727 and closed it in 1731. Joyous Entry into Brussels of Archduchess Maria Elisabeth on 9 October 1725 by Andreas Martin She had enough financial means at her disposal to uphold an elaborate court which stimulated culture and music.
Anne became the first wife of Sigismund of Poland on 31 May 1592. This marriage was opposed by many nobles (szlachta) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, who were opposed to the alliance with the Austrian Habsburgs that Sigismund pursued. When Sigismund sent a diplomatic mission, led by Cardinal Radziwill, to Prague for his bride, the anti-Habsburg party with chancellor Jan Zamoyski guarded the borders to prevent the Archduchess from entering the country. Anne evaded the guards, arrived in Kraków and was crowned in May 1592 by Primas Karnkowski as the Queen of Poland.
In the 20th century, a lot of guests attended in the castle tassels. For many years the Metropolitan Archbishop Dr. Justinian Serédi, Count Janos Mikes, Archbishop Gustav Majláth Charles, Paul Stephen Count Bethlen and Count Teleki – the latter as prime minister – the former foreign minister, Count Berthold Leopold, Archduchess Magdalene and the other members of the Family Esterhazy, as well as members of the Families Szechenyi, and there Pállfy spent their holidays. The Verseghi family crypt is located in the castle park Verseghi. The father of Elek Nagy, Francis, was buried there in 1928.
Guillaume du Tillot was again used during Ferdinand's reign when he lost his father in 1765 aged 14. Negotiations and ideas were passed from Vienna to Parma and in 1769, Ferdinand was to marry Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria; the eighth child of the Empress and older sister of the Queen of Naples and Sicily and the future Queen of France. Maria Amalia had a marriage by proxy in Vienna on 27 June and left her home on 1 July. The future duchess would meet her husband at Mantua on 16 July.
She was immediately baptized in the evening of her birth. After the death of her older sister Maria Elisabeth on 7 June, she became second in the line of succession, preceded only by her older sister Maria Anna. Five months later, on 20 October, her grandfather Emperor Charles VI died and her mother inherited the Austrian and Bohemian lands, and with this began the War of the Austrian Succession. On 24 January 1741 the young Archduchess suddenly became gravely ill with violent seizures, dying around noon of the next day.
In 1756, the ruling Archduchess of Austria, Maria Theresa, ordered that the Viennese klafter as well as its multiples and fractions, should be the state-defined measure of length in the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of Hungary. The Viennese cubit, that is 1 of the Roman cubit (cubitus or elbow), was also used as a measure of length. The law should also have applied to the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, of which Maria Theresa was queen. However, the traditional Roman foot remained in common use in Prague.
Already established and recognized for centuries and highly esteemed within the Holy Roman Empire, Mathias Franz together with his equally eminent brothers were each venerated for their own exceptional services to the Bohemian Crown and elevated as the first Counts of Chorinsky on 12 December 1761 by Empress of the Holy Roman Empire and Archduchess Maria Theresa in her sovereignty as Queen regnant of Bohemia. On 3 April 1798 the House of Chorinsky-Ledske were named chief banner-bearers (German Oberst-Erblandpanier- Träger) of the peerage of Bohemia.
Gabriel was born at Schloss Haus near Regensburg, Bavaria, the eldest child and son of Prince Franz Joseph of Thurn and Taxis (later 9th Prince of Thurn and Taxis) and his wife Princess Isabel Maria of Braganza. His twin sister, Princess Michaela of Thurn and Taxis, died at birth. Gabriel was a paternal grandson of Albert, 8th Prince of Thurn and Taxis and his wife Archduchess Margarethe Klementine of Austria and a maternal grandson of Miguel, Duke of Braganza and his wife Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg.
She was the third daughter of Emperor Dom Pedro I and his first wife Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria. Through her father, she was a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza, which was an illegitimate branch of the Capetian dynasty. She was thus a granddaughter of João VI. Through her mother, she was a niece of Napoleon and a first cousin of Franz Joseph I of Austria. As the daughter of a member of the ruling Portuguese royal house, Paula was referred to by the honorific Dona (Lady) from birth.
Anne returned to England at her stepmother's insistence, although her father had intended her to stay at the court of Archduchess Margaret, saying to the latter "the Queen [Mary Tudor] has so urged and prayed me to have her that I cannot contradict her."Hester Chapman, The Thistle and the Rose, p. 193. Two gentlemen escorted Anne from the Netherlands to Westhorpe Hall, where she and her younger sister, Mary, made their home with their father, stepmother and three remaining half-siblings: Henry Brandon, 1st Earl of Lincoln, Lady Frances Brandon, and Lady Eleanor Brandon.
On 6 May 1770 the abbey accommodated for a night the Archduchess Maria Antonia, the future Marie Antoinette, daughter of the Empress Maria Theresia, and her numerous retinue, on her way from Schloss Schönbrunn to Kehl, where on 7 May she was to be received by her future court before marrying the future Louis XVI of France. Secularisation in 1803 meant the end of the abbey, which was dissolved in 1806. The majority of the buildings were torn down or removed: the stones were used by the local population as a cheap building material.
Gottfried as a child Prince Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst was born in Vienna on 8 November 1867 to Lord High Steward Prince Konstantin of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1828–1896) and was the brother of Konrad Prinz zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, who was Prime Minister of Austria in 1906 and who too would become Lord High Steward in 1917. He married Archduchess Maria Henrietta, daughter of Archduke Friedrich who was the Supreme Commander of the Austro-Hungarian army during World War I, on 3 June 1908 in Baden. Following graduation from the Schottengymnasium in Vienna, Prince Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst entered the army as a hussar in 1887. Promoted to lieutenant in 1889, he attended the War Academy from 1893 to 1895, followed by duty with the General Staff. In 1900, he was promoted to captain and was sent to St. Petersburg as military attaché in 1902. In 1906, he was promoted to the post of major, but retired the following year and transferred to the foreign service. However, he had to leave the service in 1908 due to his engagement with the Archduchess. On 2 February 1913, Emperor Franz Joseph I entrusted Prince Hohenlohe- Schillingsfürst with a special mission to St. Petersburg designed to alleviate the strained relations arising out of the Balkan crisis in the winter of 1912–1913.
Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus, Duke of Bavaria-Leuchtenberg Maximilian Philipp Hieronymus (30 September 1638, Munich - 20 March 1705, Turkheim) was a German prince. He was Duke of Bavaria-Leuchtenberg from 1650 until his death, and regent from 1679 to 1680 during the minority of his nephew Maximilian II, Elector of Bavaria. He was the second of two sons born to the Elector Maximilian I and his wife Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. In 1650 his father exchanged the Reichsgrafschaft of Haag for the Landgraviate of Leuchtenberg with his brother Albert VI and invested Maximilian with Leuchtenberg and the Herrschaft of Schwabegg.
Finally, the Empress died on 12 March 1673, aged 21. A few months later (15 October), Leopold I married again with his cousin Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria, but Ferdinand Joseph remained in his post of Obersthofmeister for the new Empress. Since 1668, Ferdinand Joseph was a member of the Order of the Golden Fleece as the Knight 466 since his foundation. In 1682 Emperor Leopold I appointed him his Obersthofmeister and became part of the secret Konferenzminister, thus was included in the selected group of not more than 2,000 persons who effectively ruled the Holy Roman Empire.
Hunters start the game with the rank of Novice. Additional ranks are unlocked as the hunter progresses through the game, in the following order: Recruit, Apprentice, Initiate, Journeyman/Journeywoman, Master, Grandmaster, Legendary, Hero, Knight, Lord/Lady, Baron/Baroness, Count/Countess, Duke/Duchess, Grand Duke/Grand Duchess, Archduke/Archduchess, Viceroy, Elder, Sage, and Fabled. Increases in rank are dependent on the quality (number of points a mouse is worth) and quantity of mice caught. As a hunter attains higher ranks, it becomes increasingly difficult to rank up further as each hunt will grant less percentage progress towards the next rank.
The British could now gain a foothold on the Continent, and the war tied down considerable French resources, contributing to Napoleon's eventual defeat. Napoleon was at the height of his power in 1810-1812, with most of the European countries either his allies, satellites, or annexed directly into France. After the defeat of Austria in the War of the Fifth Coalition, Europe was at peace for 2-1/2 years except for the conflict in Spain. The emperor was given an archduchess to marry by the Austrians, and she gave birth to his long-awaited son in 1811.
Philip's sister Archduchess Margaret of Austria became regent for the infant Charles V, and she reestablished the Burgundian musical establishment at Mechelen, with the composers Antoine Brumel, Pierre de La Rue, Antoine de Longueval, and Pierrequin de Thérache and Marbrianus de Orto as director of the court chapel, la Grand Chapelle. Margaret ensured a full musical education for her nephew Charles and his older sister Mary of Austria. After Margaret died Charles appointed his sister governor of the Netherlands 1531–1555 at Brussels, where Benedictus Appenzeller was master of the court chapel. Another favourite composer of Margaret was Josquin des Prez.
Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (28 August 1691 - 21 December 1750) was Princess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Hungary; and Archduchess of Austria by her marriage to Emperor Charles VI. She was renowned for her delicate beauty and also for being the mother of Empress Maria Theresa. She was the longest serving Holy Roman Empress.Her tenure, from 12 October 1711 to 20 October 1740, is about seven months longer than either tenures of two other long- serving empresses, Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy, and Eleonor Magdalene of the Palatinate-Neuburg.
Schloss Weesenstein in winter. Johann Georg married first to Duchess Maria Isabella of Württemberg, third child and second-eldest daughter of Duke Philipp of Württemberg and his wife Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, on 5 April 1894 in Stuttgart, Württemberg; they did not have children. Maria Isabella died on 24 May 1904 at age 32 in Dresden. He married for a second time to Princess Maria Immaculata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, fourth child and eldest daughter of Prince Alfonso of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Caserta and his wife Princess Antonietta of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, on 30 October 1906 in Cannes, France.
Marie Antoinette (, ; born Maria Antonia Josepha Johanna; 2 November 1755 – 16 October 1793) was the last queen of France before the French Revolution. She was born an archduchess of Austria and was the penultimate child and youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I. She became dauphine of France in May 1770 at age 14 upon her marriage to Louis-Auguste, heir apparent to the French throne. On 10 May 1774, her husband ascended the throne as Louis XVI and she became queen. Marie Antoinette's position at court improved when, after eight years of marriage, she started having children.
He was born in Brussels, Belgium, due to the law which then banned heirs of the former French ruling dynasties from residing in France. He was the son of Victor, Prince Napoléon and his wife Princess Clémentine of Belgium, daughter of King Leopold II of the Belgians and Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria. Leopold II's mother, Princess Louise-Marie of Orléans, was the eldest daughter of King Louis Philippe I, ruler of France during the July Monarchy. As a child, Prince Louis spent some time in England, where he stayed with Empress Eugénie, the widow of Napoleon III.
Eleanor, born Eleonora, was born in Florence, Tuscany, Italy, on 28 February 1567, as the eldest child of Francesco I de' Medici and his first wife Archduchess Joanna. Her baptism took place the same year and was attended by Cardinal Innocenzo Ciocchi Del Monte an adoptive nephew of Pope Julius III. Cardinal Spinello de' Benci performed the ceremony on behalf of Pope Pius V. The baptism was celebrated also with hunting excursions and parties. It was at first believed Eleanor would marry Francis, Duke of Anjou, son of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.
The Lower Silesian duchy of Krosno fell to Brandenburg in 1476. Upon the death of the Bohemian king Louis II at the 1526 Battle of Mohács, his crown lands were inherited by the Habsburg king Ferdinand I and became a constituent of the Habsburg Monarchy. Archduchess Maria Theresa, Bohemian queen from 1740, lost most of the Silesian crown land in the 1742 Treaty of Breslau, after it had been conquered by King Frederick II of Prussia. The bulk of Silesia returned to the Republic of Poland upon the implementation of the Oder–Neisse line according to the 1945 Potsdam Agreement.
1894 The New Bishop's Palace is constructed to the designs of Pugin & Pugin, Edward. W. Pugin (1834–1875) and Peter Paul Pugin (1851–1904), sons of Augustus Pugin, the Gothic Revivalist architect responsible for much of the decorative work of the Palace of Westminster. The Bishop's Palace was partly funded by donations from all over the world including 5,000 schools in Europe and the US, the Lord Mayor of London and an Archduchess of Austria. This imposing brick gothic structure is believed to be the first house in Auckland to have been constructed with electric lighting.
He published a monograph Jungermanniografia Etrusca in 1817 and in the same year he joined on a mission to Brazil that followed on the heels of the marriage of the Archduchess Maria Leopoldina Habsburg-Lorraine with Dom Pedro de Bragança, Crown Prince of Brazil and Portugal. Raddi studied the flora and fauna of the basins of Orinoco and Amazon Rivers, and formed a collection of plants and animals. He published the first flora on the grasses of the Brazilian region in Agrostografia brasiliensis (1823). Raddi collaborated with other botanists including A.P. de Candolle, Franz Wilhelm Sieber, Joseph Antoir, and Carl Bernhard Trinius.
During the ceremony (in which the Dowager Empress was present) Maria Christina was wearing a white, pearl decorated mousseline dress and Albert his military uniform; however, the rest of the guests were dressed in black because of the ongoing court mourning. Soon afterward the newlyweds settled in Pressburg. Maria Christina's luck in being permitted to marry the man she loved embittered Maria Theresa's other daughters, who already resented their mother's favouritism. One of her sisters, the Archduchess Maria Amalia, was also in love with a minor prince, Charles of Zweibrücken, but was forcibly married off to Ferdinand of Parma.
Known alternatively as Benedetto or Maurizio, at the time of his birth, he was third in line to the Sardinian throne after his oldest half brother Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy and Prince Carlo his only full brother who died in infancy. His paternal cousins included Louis XV of France, the future Ferdinand VI of Spain and the Prince of Carignan. His maternal cousins included the future Queen of Naples and the famous Marie Antoinette. His uncle Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor proposed his daughter Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria as a prospective wife but the marriage between the two never materialised.
She made a painting of Napoleon and his bride shown at the 1810 salon entitled Archduchess Marie- Louise in Compiègne, depicts the newly married Napoleon who looks on fondly, and secondarily, as Marie-Louise is met by her ladys-in-waiting. Other paintings made of the couple by Auzou included a painting of Marie-Louise with her family, Her Majesty the Empress, before Her Marriage, at the Moment of Taking Leave of Her Family. Shown in 1806, Departure for the Duel depicts the family drama as a man looks at his sleeping wife and child before departing for a duel.
Marie Jeanne Baptiste and Saint Maurice's relationship lasted some four years before his whole family left in disgrace due to his father failing on a string of diplomatic relations. By 1677 Marie Jeanne Baptiste was looking to organise a marriage for her son who would reach his majority in May 1680. Popular candidates were the Archduchess Maria Antonia, a cousin in Portugal, Maria Sofia of the Palatinate-Neuburg, or the French born Anne Marie d'Orléans. Marie Jeanne Baptiste first looked to her sister in Lisbon whose only daughter the Infanta Isabel Luísa was the heiress to her father's dominions.
Archduke Joseph Árpád Benedikt Ferdinand Franz Maria Gabriel (; 8 February 1933 – 30 April 2017)Muere en Madrid el archiduque José Árpád de Habsburgo- Lorena. Obituary by Count Miklós Cseszneky was a member of the Hungarian Palatine branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and as such an Archduke of Austria, Prince of Hungary and Bohemia with the style His Imperial and Royal Highness.Almanach de Gotha (2018), 'Austria', Pages 42-86 He was born in Budapest, the son of Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria and his wife, Princess Anna of Saxony. He was the great-grandson of Archduchess Gisela of Austria.
Two days after the wedding the newlyweds and guests took part in a liturgy at the convent of the Servants of Mary, Religious Sisters of the Servite Third Order in honor of the foundress, sister Anna Juliana Gonzaga, Dowager Archduchess- Countess of Tyrol (another Eleonora's aunt), who died a year before. Two days later, Eleonora's relatives received gifts from the Emperor and left for Mantua, and the next day the Imperial couple went to Vienna.Braun, Keller, Schnettger 2016, p. 123. In spite of the great age difference between them, Eleonora and Ferdinand II had a happy marriage.
Anne at the age of six, 1607. Born at the Palace of the Counts of Benavente in Valladolid, Spain, and baptised Ana María Mauricia, she was the eldest daughter of King Philip III of Spain and his wife Margaret of Austria. She held the titles of Infanta of Spain and of Portugal (since her father was king of Portugal as well as Spain) and Archduchess of Austria. Despite her Spanish birth, she was referred to as Anne of Austria because the rulers of Spain belonged to the senior branch of the House of Austria,Fraser, Antonia.
His followers included his nephew Frans de Momper and Hercules Seghers. De Momper enjoyed high-level patronage as is shown by the fact that Archduchess Isabella Clara Eugenia, the governess of the Southern Netherlands, sent in 1616 a letter to the Antwerp magistrate asking him to excuse de Momper from the payment of taxes and fees. The artist could use the tax exemption as in his later years he was not able to paint as diligently as before and he was spending to much money at the inn. De Momper died in Antwerp on 5 February 1635.
Whilst the park was designed from the beginning as an English-style garden, the area in front of the house was laid out as a more formal Italian garden. In 1893, the Duke died, but the couple had previously decided to build a new villa on the site of the old Lechi villa. This Venetian Gothic palace was constructed in 1890 to 1903, based on a design of architect . After the Archduchess died, her daughter Anna Maria (1874–1924), wife of Prince Scipione Borghese from Rome, inherited the island but she survived her mother by only a few months.
Ludwig Viktor (r.) with his brothers Karl Ludwig, Franz Joseph and Maximilian He was born in Vienna shortly after his sister Archduchess Maria Anna had died at four years of age, followed by a stillborn brother. His elder siblings included Emperor Franz Joseph, Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico and Archduke Karl Ludwig. During the Revolutions of 1848 and the Vienna Uprising, Ludwig Viktor and his royal family had to flee the Austrian capital, at first to Innsbruck, later to Olomouc. Ludwig Viktor pursued the usual military career and was appointed General of the Infantry, but had no intentions to interfere in politics.
Charlotte had become insane and Leopold had renounced in the name of his sister all claims to her and her husband's property in Austria. Leopold was more concerned with acquiring his sister's great fortune than with her rights to property in Austria. The island was given to Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria as part of her marriage dowry; Yugoslavia claimed it under the Treaty of Saint-Germain. Princess Elizabeth stated that she was no longer a Habsburg, having renounced her rights on the occasion of her marriage; therefore Yugoslavia had no right to sequester the property.
Born in Vienna as Princess Maria-Pia of Liechtenstein, Kothbauer is the fifth child and second daughter of Prince Karl Alfred of Liechtenstein and his wife, Archduchess Agnes Christina of Austria. A member of the Princely Family of Liechtenstein, she is a first cousin of the present monarch, Prince Hans-Adam II. On 4 August 1995, she married Max Kothbauer, vice president of Creditanstalt-Bankverein. The couple's only child, a son named Hieronymus, was born on 26 January 1997. Since her marriage, she has been officially styled as "Her Serene Highness Maria-Pia Kothbauer, Princess of Liechtenstein".
Princess Sophie is the eldest of the five daughters of Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria, and Princess Elisabeth, Duchess in Bavaria (née Countess Douglas),Genealogy as well as a patrilineal great-great-granddaughter of the last King of Bavaria, Ludwig III. She was born in Munich on 28 October 1967 and baptised as Sophie Elizabeth Marie Gabrielle in the chapel of her family's Kreuth home on 18 November. Her godparents were her maternal aunt the Duchess of Marlborough and Archduchess Gabriela of Austria. Sophie spent her childhood together with her parents and sisters in Wildbad Kreuth.
Statue of Maria Leopoldina of Austria in Rio de Janeiro The first official contact between Austria and Brazil occurred in November 1817 when Austrian Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria arrived to Rio de Janeiro to marry Crown Prince (and future Emperor) Pedro I of Brazil. Maria Leopoldina became Empress of Brazil in 1822 and is also the mother of Emperor Pedro II of Brazil.Historia das relações bilaterais (in Portuguese) In 1825, Austria recognized the independence of Brazil from its separation from Portugal.Referência Básicas sobre as Relações Brasil- Áustria (in Portuguese) In 1859, the first Austrian immigrants began arriving to Brazil.
Born in Milan, the capital of the Austrian Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, he was a son of Viceroy Archduke Rainer of Austria (1783–1853) and his consort Princess Elisabeth of Savoy (1800–1856). Rainer spent most of his youth at the Royal Villa of Monza. He studied law at the University of Vienna and in 1843 joined the Austrian Imperial Army in the rank of an Oberst (Colonel). Archduke Rainer and Maria, 1902 In 1852, he married his cousin Archduchess Maria Karoline of Austria (1825–1915), a daughter of Archduke Charles, known for his victory at the 1809 Battle of Aspern.
Dona Januária was born at the Imperial Palace of São Cristóvão in Rio de Janeiro as an Infanta of Portugal during the reign of her grandfather John VI of Portugal. She was the second surviving daughter of Pedro, the Prince Royal of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves and Leopoldina, Archduchess of Austria after the birth of her older sister, Queen Maria II of Portugal, in 1819. Princess Januária grew up alongside her siblings Emperor Pedro II, Princess Paula and Princess Francisca. Her name was chosen by his father as a way of honoring the province of Rio de Janeiro.
In the same year he received the Commander's Cross of the Order of Maria Theresa and in 1809 he was awarded the Order of the Golden Fleece. In 1806–1809 Schwarzenberg served as the Austrian ambassador to Russia. He returned to Austria in time to take part in the Battle of Wagram (July 1809), leading a cavalry division in the Reserve Corps and was soon afterwards promoted to general of cavalry. After the signing of Treaty of Schönbrunn (14 October 1809), he was sent to Paris to negotiate the 1810 marriage between Napoleon and the Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria.
Queen Maria Theresa of Sardinia with her two sons, by Ferdinando Cavalleri, 1832. Maria Theresia Franziska Josepha Johanna Benedikta (German) was a member of the Tuscan branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess of Austria and Princess of Bohemia, Hungary, and Tuscany by birth. She was born in Vienna during the exile of her parents and their many children, due to Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of Tuscany. Her father was Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and her mother was Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily, who died giving birth to a stillborn son one year after Maria Theresa's birth.
Napoleon Bonaparte (Charles Boyer) launches an unsuccessful seduction of the Countess Marie Walewska (Greta Garbo), who is married to a much older man (Henry Stephenson), but she resists until convinced that giving in will save Poland. After her husband annuls their marriage and Napoleon divorces the Empress Josephine, the pair are free to formalize their happy relationship, but Napoleon shocks her by announcing his decision to wed the Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria for political reasons. While he doesn't expect it to impact his relationship with Marie, she leaves him, without ever telling him that she is expecting his child.
In 1744, Frederick II of Prussia limited the number of Jews allowed to live in Breslau to only ten so-called "protected" Jewish families and encouraged a similar practice in other Prussian cities. In 1750 he issued the Revidiertes General Privilegium und Reglement vor die Judenschaft: the "protected" Jews had an alternative to "either abstain from marriage or leave Berlin" (quoting Simon Dubnow). In the same year, Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa ordered Jews out of Bohemia but soon reversed her position, on the condition that Jews pay for their readmission every ten years. This extortion was known as malke-geld (queen's money).
He became the first Habsburg since the abolition of the monarchy to pursue a career as an officer in the Austrian Army. With the Anschluss approaching Archduke Felix, his sister Archduchess Adelheid and Archduke Eugen fled Austria crossing the border to Czechoslovakia. During the Second World War while in the United States, Felix and his brother Carl Ludwig volunteered to serve in the 101st Infantry Battalion known as the "Free Austria Battalion". However the battalion was disbanded when a number of exiled Jewish volunteers who made up the majority of force ultimately declined to confirm their enlistment.
The touristic potential of the town is one exceptional. Zăbrani commune has been included in the category of territorial administrative units with high concentrate of valuable built patrimony. Among the most important touristic sights of the commune we can mention the rural architectural complex in Zăbrani dating from the 9th century, the Roman Catholic church in the centre of Neudorf village (1771), the crypt of Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria in Neudorf (1809) with a funeral monument raised in 1841, as well as the memorial museum of Adam Müller-Guttenbrunn, an outstanding personality of German literature.
Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen Charles was born in Florence, Tuscany. His father, then Grand Duke of Tuscany, generously permitted Charles's childless aunt Archduchess Marie Christine of Austria and her husband Albert of Saxe-Teschen to adopt and raise the boy in Vienna. Charles spent his youth in Tuscany, at Vienna and in the Austrian Netherlands, where he began his career of military service in the wars of the French Revolution. He commanded a brigade at the Battle of Jemappes (1792), and in the campaign of 1793 distinguished himself at the Action of Aldenhoven and the Battle of Neerwinden.
Two versions of the stars were created: a second type without a pearl center, was designed by court jeweller Rozet & Fischmeister. Some stars were given to ladies of the court. One set of 27 diamond stars was kept in the Imperial family; they are seen in a photograph that shows the dowry of Rudolf's daughter, Archduchess Elisabeth, known as "Erzsi", on the occasion of her wedding to Prince Otto of Windisch-Graetz in 1902. As late as 2020, bouquets tied with the red, white and green ribbon of Hungary are left at her sarcophagus in the Capuchin Church, Vienna.
The Gothic feel is what persists, from 14th- and 15th-century frescoes on the pillars to the 15th-century painting of the Four Evangelists on the ceiling in the choir. In the north aisle stands an ornamented column depicting various princes, donated in 1470 by Archduchess Mechthild, the wife of Ludwig I and mother of Eberhard the Bearded. A copy also stands in the city's Marktplatz. There are two museums in town, the Sülchgau Museum, specialising in pre- and early history and Roman influences on the area, and the diocesan museum, focusing on ecclesiastical art, painting and sculpture.
The focus of her studies was on the teaching of History, German, Philosophy and Theology. Although this two year course was not a standard "university degree course", her participation in it supports the assertion appearing in at least one source that Maria Schmitz was one of the first women in German who was able to study at a university. In 1903 she was offered and rejected a post as a private tutor to the daughter of Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria, thereby turning down the opportunity to educate a grand-daughter of the Emperor of Austria.
Rubens had the task of creating twenty-one paintings about a woman whose life could be measured by her marriage to Henry IV and the births of her six children, one of which died in infancy.Belkin, p. 178. At this time, women did not in general receive such laudatory tributes, although Rubens, if anyone, was well equipped for the job, having a great respect for "the virtues of the opposite sex", as seen in his commissions for the Archduchess Isabella. Furthermore, unlike her husband, Marie's life was neither graced with triumphant victories nor punctuated by vanquished foes.
Born in the royal court of Madrid, Joanna was the daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (who was the first king of united Spain, officially King of Aragon and King of Castile) and his wife Isabella of Portugal. Therefore, her paternal grandparents were Philip of Castile and Joanna of Castile, and her maternal grandparents were Manuel I of Portugal and Maria of Aragon. She was the sister of King Philip II of Spain and Maria of Austria. Among others, Joanna held the titles of Archduchess of Austria, Infanta of Castile and of Aragon, and princess of Burgundy.
He worked in Brussels as an architect and building contractor from 1778 onwards. Although he has been credited as the architect of the Royal Palace of Laeken (for Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen and his wife Archduchess Maria-Christina), later research made clear he was merely executing the designs of other architects such as Charles de Wailly. In 1795 he came to Vienna with Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen, who had already appointed him his court architect in 1780. There he first worked on rebuilding the duke's palace, now known as the Albertina.
On 6 February 1982 in Luxembourg she married her second cousin Archduke Carl Christian of Austria (born in Belœil, 26 August 1954), younger son of Archduke Carl Ludwig of Austria (himself the fourth son of Emperor Charles I of Austria) and his wife Princess Yolande of Ligne, of the prominent Belgian noble family, the House of Ligne. They have five children. Marie-Astrid is also godmother to Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, Archduke Joseph of Austria and Anna Maria von Auersperg- Trautson. Archduchess Marie-Astrid and her family live quietly, occasionally appearing at royal weddings and similar events.
The inscription reads SPQM or Senatus Populusque Mechliensis (the council and population of Mechlin). Most cities in Flanders have a mock name for their inhabitants. Since 1687, for their heroic attempt to fight the fire high up in the Saint-Rumbold's Tower, where the gothic windows had shown the flaring of only the moon between clouds, Mechlinians have been called Maneblussers (moon extinguishers). Once every 25 years, a Parade, the Ommegang, commemorates both the arrival of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, father of Archduchess Margaret of Austria, and also other major events of the city's past.
56.) were both painted for the chapel of the Fraternity of the senior bachelors (Sodaliteit van de Bejaerde Jongmans in Flemish) in Antwerp's Jesuit church, then named the Saint Ignatius Church but later renamed the St. Charles Borromeo Church. Both paintings remained there until 1776, when archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria acquired them, taking them to Vienna, where they both now hang in the Kunsthistorisches Museum.Jeffery Chipps Smith, The Jesuit Artistic Diaspora in Germany after 1773, in Robert A. Maryks and Jonathan Wright (editors), Jesuit Survival and Restoration: A Global History, Leida- Boston, 2015, p. 133.
At the time the law of succession was decreed, Napoleon I had no legitimate sons, and it seemed unlikely that he would have any due to the age of his wife, Joséphine de Beauharnais. His eventual response was to have his marriage to Joséphine annulled and to undertake a second marriage with Roman Catholic rites to Archduchess Marie Louise, daughter of Emperor Francis I of Austria. Their only child was Napoleon, King of Rome, known in exile as "Napoleon II" and as the Duke of Reichstadt. He died unmarried, thereby extinguishing the legitimate descent of Napoleon I.
Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Duchess of Castro (born Countess Maria CarolinaOr in Polish, Karolina Zamoyska) (22 September 1896 in Kraków, Austria-Hungary - 9 May 1968 in Marseille, France) was the wife of Prince Ranieri, Duke of Castro, claimant to the headship of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. Carolina was the sixth child and youngest daughter of Polish nobleman Andrzej Przemysław Zamoyski, Count Zamoyski and his wife Princess Maria Carolina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. Carolina's maternal grandparents were Prince Francis of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Trapani and his wife Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria, Princess of Tuscany.
Charles II from Guillaume Rouillé's Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum On 19 September 1544, the Treaty of Crépy was signed. Charles had a choice to marry one of two relatives of the Emperor: One option was Infanta Maria of Spain, daughter of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal, with the Netherlands or the Low Countries of Franche-Comté as her dowry. The other option was Archduchess Anna of Austria, daughter of Ferdinand I, King of Hungary and Bohemia and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. She was a niece of Charles V through her father and would receive Milan as her dowry.
1651–54 Born an Infanta of Spain and Portugal at the Royal Monastery of El Escorial, she was the daughter of Philip IV & III, and his wife Elisabeth of France, who died when Maria Theresa was six years old. As a member of the House of Austria, Maria Theresa was entitled to use the title Archduchess of Austria. She was known in Spain as María Teresa de Austria and in France as Marie- Thérèse d'Autriche. Unlike France, the kingdom of Spain had no Salic Law, so it was possible for a female to assume the throne.
Opulently furnished with large-scale paintings by Hubert Robert, the spacious rooms fitted with Beauharnais' great demands. However, the Viceroy had little opportunity to reside at his Paris home. When Napoleon married the Habsburg archduchess Marie Louise in 1810, he used the Hôtel as a guest house for Beauharnais' father-in-law, King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. After the French defeat in the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna, the premises were first rented and finally purchased by Prussia under King Frederick William III in 1818 and became the seat of the Prussian legation.
In 1744, Frederick II of Prussia limited the number of Jews allowed to live in Breslau to only ten so-called "protected" Jewish families and encouraged a similar practice in other Prussian cities. In 1750 he issued the Revidiertes General Privilegium und Reglement vor die Judenschaft: forcing these "protected" Jews to "either abstain from marriage or leave Berlin."quoting Simon Dubnow) In the same year, Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa ordered Jews out of Bohemia but soon reversed her position, on condition that they pay for their readmission every ten years. This was known as malke-geld (queen's money).
Archduchess Maria Clementina was born at the Villa del Poggio Imperiale, Poggio Imperiale then located in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, which had been ruled by her father Leopold I, Grand Duke of Tuscany (later Holy Roman Emperor) since 1765. She was named after Prince Clemens Wenceslaus of Saxony, her mother's uncle and brother of Maria Amalia of Saxony, Maria Clementina's maternal grandmother. Her father was a son of Empress Maria Theresa and her mother a daughter of Charles III of Spain and Maria Amalia of Saxony. Maria Clementina was her parents' tenth child among sixteen children.
Jean Carondelet soon became a close advisor to Prince Charles, and in 1517-1519, after Charles had assumed the Spanish throne, Jean Carondelet accompanied him to Spain as a member of his privy council. In 1522 Charles named him chairman of the Secret Council. In this function he formed, together with Archduchess Margaret of Austria, the center of Burgundian control over the Low Countries. After the death of the regentes in 1530, Jean, together with Antoine I de Lalaing led the government of the Burgundian Netherlands until Mary of Austria was appointed as the next regentes.
He received special permission to base his studio in Antwerp instead of at their court in Brussels, and to also work for other clients. He remained close to the Archduchess Isabella until her death in 1633, and was called upon not only as a painter but also as an ambassador and diplomat. Rubens further cemented his ties to the city when, on 3 October 1609, he married Isabella Brant, the daughter of a leading Antwerp citizen and humanist, Jan Brant. Descent from the Cross, 1618. Hermitage Museum In 1610 Rubens moved into a new house and studio that he designed.
Subsequently, he went to work in Italy as court painter for Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma. Later he worked for Archduchess Isabella Clara of Austria in Mantua. This is also his last place of residence where he died on 12 September 1670.Beatrijs Wolters van der Wey, A New Attribution for the Antwerp Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Joannes van Buyten, in: Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art, Volume 1: Issue 2 (2009) During his time in Antwerp, Jan de Duyts and Ignatius Janssen were registered as his pupils at the local Guild of St. Luke in the guild year 1641-1642.
The first recalls the "opening up of the falls and the construction of the ascents by the Pernitz Branch of the Ö. TC". The second panel is dedicated "to the memory of the visit to the Myra Falls on 19 September 1801 by His Majesty the Roman-German Emperor, Francis II, Her Majesty Empress Maria Theresa, and by Their Imperial Highnesses, the Crown Prince Ferdinand Karl Leopold Joseph and Archduchess Maria Ludoica, donated by Aust. Tourist Club and the "Enzian" Alpine Society on 8 June 1902." There are restaurants at the top and bottom of the gorge.
Popular belief holds that she contracted smallpox because her mother, Maria Theresa, insisted that she go and pray at the improperly sealed tomb of her sister-in-law, Empress Maria Josepha, who had recently died of the disease because they shared the same name. However, the rash appeared two days after Maria Josepha visited the vault, and there is an incubation period of about one week after initial infection before symptoms of a rash appear. Therefore, the Archduchess must have been infected before visiting the vault. She is buried in vault number 46 at the Imperial Crypt Vaults of the Imperial Crypt, Vienna.
Maret also assisted in drawing up the Spanish Constitution of 1808, which was rejected by almost all Spanish subjects. He accompanied Napoleon through most of his campaigns, including that of 1809 against the Fifth Coalition, and he expressed himself in favour of the marriage alliance with the Archduchess Marie-Louise of Austria, which took place in 1810. In the spring of 1811, the Duc de Bassano replaced Jean- Baptiste de Champagny, as Minister of Foreign Affairs. In this capacity he showed his usual ability and devotion, concluding the treaties between France and Austria and France and Prussia, which preceded the French invasion of Russia in 1812.
Beginning in 1666, Johann Seyfried von Eggenberg, grandson of Hans Ulrich, developed the palace according to the splendor and grandeur of the Baroque style and in 1673 the residence again entered the limelight as Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Tyrol was a guest in the palace on the occasion of her wedding in Graz to Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor.Schloss Eggenberg. 2006, p. 68. Under Prince Johann Seyfried, the comprehensive cycle of ceiling coverings of approximately 600 paintings in the rooms of the piano nobile was accomplished in just 7 years. Hans Adam Weissenkircher began his service as the court painter of the princely Eggenberger court in 1678.
Anna of Tyrol (4 October 1585 – 14 December 1618), was by birth Archduchess of Austria and member of the Tyrolean branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Holy Roman Empress, German Queen, Queen of Bohemia and Queen of Hungary. The first crowned Holy Roman Empress since the mid-15th century, she was responsible for the moving of the Imperial court from Prague to Vienna, which became one of the centers of European culture. A proponent of the Counter-Reformation, she held a great influence over her husband Matthias, with whom she founded the Imperial Crypt, which later became the burial place of the Habsburg dynasty.
It proved difficult to find any royal bride for either of the sons of king Victor Emmanuel II. (His younger son Amedeo, Umberto's brother, married ultimately a Piedmontese subject, princess Vittoria of Cisterna.) Their conflict with the papacy did not help these matters. Not many eligible Catholic royal brides were easily available for young Umberto. At first, Umberto was to marry Archduchess Mathilde of Austria, a scion of a remote sideline of the Austrian imperial house; however, she died as the result of an accident at the age of 18. On 21 April 1868, Umberto married his first cousin, Margherita Teresa Giovanna, Princess of Savoy.
In that same year of 1809 he was sent to Vienna to arrange the marriage of the Emperor with Archduchess Marie Louise. In 1810 he was subsequently appointed Minister Plenipotentiary in Bavaria at Munich, next to King Maximilian I, whom he knew very well before the Revolution, and in 1811 aide-de-camp to Napoleon. He was created an Officer of the Legion of Honour and Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Hubert. In 1812 he went on diplomatic mission to Prussia; this mission had the purpose of ascertaining King Frederick William III towards his attitude in case France went to war with Russia.
After the Holy Roman Empire was abolished two years later, their territories were mediatized to Württemberg and Austria. Alfred and his brother Weriand were both created Princes of the Austrian Empire in 1822, with Alfred and his successors being the first line of Princes of Windisch-Graetz (primogenitur), and Weriand and his successors being the second line (secundogenitur).Almanach de Gotha, 1910 edition, pp 245-248, Justus Perthes Great Britain's Princess Michael of Kent is descended from this family through her maternal grandmother, while her husband Prince Michael of Kent is a first cousin once removed of Archduchess Sophie Franziska of Austria, Princess of Windisch-Graetz.
Archduchess Maria Anna (known as Marianna) was born on 6 October 1738 at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, the center of the vastly powerful Habsburg Monarchy. As the second but eldest surviving daughter of Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, she was heiress presumptive of the hereditary lands of the Austrian Habsburgs between 1740 and 1741, until her younger brother Joseph (later to be the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II) was born. Her mother gave her the customary education of the princely courts at that time. Maria Anna's musical talents were highly encouraged, but not her humanities talents.
In Vienna, on 10 May 1881, Rudolf married Princess Stéphanie of Belgium, a daughter of King Leopold II of the Kingdom of Belgium, at the Augustinian Church in Vienna. Although their marriage was initially a happy one, by the time their only child, the Archduchess Elisabeth, was born on 2 September 1883, the couple had drifted apart, and he found solace in drink and other female companionship. Rudolf started having many affairs, and wanted to write to Pope Leo XIII about the possibility of annulling his marriage to Stéphanie, but the Emperor forbade it. In 1886, the spouses were diagnosed with gonorrhea, which rendered Stéphanie sterile.
The Egmont Palace, now part of the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs In the 15th century, the neighbourhood began to enlarge substantially. The chapel was rebuilt as the larger and more elegant Church of Our Blessed Lady of the Sablon, still standing today. In 1470, Duke Charles the Bold charged a body with the creation of a street running from his nearby Coudenberg Palace to the church. The church became the site of the baptisms of princes; Archduchess Mary of Austria's baptismal cortège went to Our Blessed Lady of the Sablon instead of the Church of St. Michael and St. Gudula, which had previously held the honour.
In 1570 he joined Archduchess Anna of Austria and her two brothers, the Archdukes Albert and Wenceslaus on their journey to the court of Philip II. From there, the king sent him on a mission to Charles IX of France to salute the birth of Marie Elisabeth of Valois. On his way back from a pilgrimage (1573) to Rome and Loreto, Charles of Arenberg accompanied the widowed Elisabeth of Austria from Nancy to the Imperial Court in Vienna (1575–1576). During his stay in Vienna Arenberg was raised to a princely county. In the meantime, the rebellious States of Holland had confiscated his estates in 1572.
In 1838, François had made his first trip to Brazil, where he had been warmly hosted by emperor Pedro II, son of king Pedro IV of Portugal and archduchess Leopoldina of Austria, a Habsburg. During his time in the Brazilian court, François met Princess Francisca, Pedro's younger sister, then 16 years old. In 1840, François again stopped in Brazil for two weeks on his way back from St. Helena, where he had headed the expedition entrusted with bringing the remains of Napoleon from Saint Helena to France. Three years later, François headed once again to Rio de Janeiro, in order to marry Princess Francisca.
Archduchess Gisela of Austria (second from the left), patron of the school, and her family ca 1890 The original school was designed by the architect Cajetan Pacher in a Neo-Renaissance style and contained 23 classrooms, a sports hall and a period school botanical garden. It first opened on 21 September 1904 following increasing demand by the population for new secondary schools to alleviate the oversubscribed existing schools in the area. It was one of three new schools that were built in the area and originally classified as a Kreisrealschule (District Realschule). It initially had 273 students spread across 4 years and 10 teachers.
Elisabeth was born in Munich, the daughter of King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his Queen Friederike Karoline Wilhelmine Margravine of Baden. She was the identical twin sister of Queen Amalie of Saxony, consort of King John I of Saxony, and sister of Archduchess Sophie of Austria, mother of Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria and Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico; as well as Ludovika, Duchess in Bavaria, mother of Franz Josef's consort, Empress Elisabeth of Austria (Sisi), who was Elisabeth's godchild and namesake. She was known within her family as Elise. Silk pictures with the portraits of Friedrich Wilhelm IV and his consort Elisabeth.
Nicola and his son Joannis Petri were instrumental in establishing an academy of refining and forestry funded by Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, Archduchess of Austria, and Roman-German Empress (1717–1780) in 1760. The Academy still maintains a remarkable collection of minerals, and a chemical laboratory while the mines are now the property of the state. The Bevilaqua family was also instrumental in developing a flourishing pottery industry, and a well-known tobacco pipes business. They also developed the baths of Vihnye, with springs of iron, lime, and carbonic acid, and the baths of Szkleno with springs of sulphur and lime.
Anne of Austria (; 22 September 1601 - 20 January 1666), a Spanish princess and an Austrian archduchess of the House of Habsburg, was queen of France as the wife of Louis XIII, and powerful regent of France during the minority of her son, Louis XIV, from 1643 to 1651. During her regency, Cardinal Mazarin served as France's chief minister. Accounts of French court life of her era emphasize her difficult marital relations with her husband, her closeness to her son Louis XIV, and her disapproval of her son's marital infidelity to her niece and daughter-in-law Maria Theresa.Ruth Kleinman, Anne of Austria: Queen of France (1985).
The house was first conceived by Don Barbaro Arezzo who employed in 1783 the architect Giovanni Emanuele Incardona to design his country house, the result - Villa Spedalotto was built between 1784 and 1793. The architect had been a student of Giuseppe Venanzio Marvuglia, one of Sicily's promoters of Neoclassicism. In 1790, while still under construction, the house was purchased by Don Onofrio Emanuele Paternò di Raddusa, Baron of Spedalotto and Gallitano. In 1799, the villa was used to accommodate the exiled royal family of Naples Francis of Bourbon (the future King Francis I), his wife Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, and the daughter Maria Carolina (future Duchess of Berry).
Elisabeth was born in Munich, Bavaria, the first child of Prince Leopold of Bavaria and his wife, Archduchess Gisela of Austria, a daughter of Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph I and Empress Elisabeth of Austria. She had one younger sister, Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria, and two younger brothers, Prince Georg and Prince Konrad of Bavaria. She married, 2 November 1893, at Genoa, Italy, Otto Ludwig Philipp von Seefried auf Buttenheim, Freiherr zu Hagenbach (26 September 1870 in Bamberg – 5 September 1951 at Stiebar Palace in Gresten). Elisabeth and Otto eloped and married secretly, as they knew they would never be officially permitted to marry.
As he was a minor, his aunt Margaret of Austria (born as Archduchess of Austria and in both her marriages as the Dowager Princess of Asturias and Dowager Duchess of Savoy) acted as regent, as appointed by Emperor Maximilian until 1515. She soon found herself at war with France over Charles's requirement to pay homage to the French king for Flanders, as his father had done. The outcome was that France relinquished its ancient claim on Flanders in 1528. From 1515 to 1523, Charles's government in the Netherlands also had to contend with the rebellion of Frisian peasants (led by Pier Gerlofs Donia and Wijard Jelckama).
The main antagonists of Valkyria Chronicles II, the Gallian Revolutionary Army (GRA) is a rebel force who intends to overthrow the Gallian government, taking advantage of lingering anti-Darcsen sentiment after Archduchess Cordelia's revelation of being a Darcsen herself. With the Regular Army still recuperating from the failed Imperial invasion two years before and the Militia disbanded, the cadets from Landseal Academy, most notably Class G, are usually summoned to fight them. ; :Voiced by (English): Greg Baldwin Voiced by (Japanese): Banjō Ginga :Gilbert is the Generalissimo and mastermind of the GRA. In society he holds the title of Count and heads the noble Gassenarl family.
She served as maid of honour Joan I of Castile from 1496 to her marriage, and was appointed dame d'honneur to her niece Archduchess Margaret of Austria in 1506.Peter G. Bietenholz & Thomas Brian Deutscher: Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation. Volym 1–3 She spent a great deal of her life at the court of the Netherlands, where she was an important and leading figure. In parallel, she ruled in her domains, where she was known for her appreciation of arts and architecture as well as for the seminary (from 1532 a retirement home) she founded in 1520.
Europe in the years after the upright=1.2 While the Seven Years' War was a global conflict among many belligerents, its Central European theatre turned on lingering grudges from the War of the Austrian Succession (1741–1748). The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, which had concluded the latter war, confirmed Prussian King Frederick II's seizure of the region of Silesia from the Habsburg Monarchy through two Silesian Wars. The defeated Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria nevertheless fully intended to retake the lost province and reassert Austria's hegemony in the Holy Roman Empire; after peace was restored, she set about rebuilding her armed forces and seeking out new alliances.
To mark the marriage of his daughter Leopoldine to the heir to the Portuguese throne, Dom Pedro, Emperor Franz II organized an expedition to her new home country of Brazil in 1817. Two Austrian frigates accompanied the archduchess on her journey to Rio de Janeiro. Those taking part in the expedition, carried out under the scientific direction of the head of the history collection, included the researchers Johann Mikan and Johann Emmanuel, as well as the taxidermist Johann Natterer and the landscape painter Thomas Ender. The expedition lasted 18 years aimed to collect all plants, animals, and minerals of scientific interest and bring them back to Vienna.
The Silesian Wars () were three wars fought in the mid-18th century between Prussia (under King Frederick the Great) and Austria (under Archduchess Maria Theresa) for control of the Central European region of Silesia (now in south- western Poland). The First (1740–1742) and Second (1744–1745) Silesian Wars formed parts of the wider War of the Austrian Succession, in which Prussia acted as one member of a coalition seeking territorial gain at Austria's expense. The Third Silesian War (1756–1763) was one theatre of the global Seven Years' War, in which Austria in turn led a coalition of powers aiming to seize Prussian territory. No particular event triggered the wars.
In the mid-1890s, the heir to the Austro- Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria began visiting Isabella and Friedrich's home. At first, it was assumed that he was there to court one of their many daughters. Eventually, it was discovered that in fact he was courting Countess Sophie Chotek von Wognin, lady-in-waiting to Archduchess Isabella and daughter of Austrian ambassador Bohuslav, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin. Isabella became infuriated that Franz Ferdinand had not singled out one of her eight daughters as his bride and future empress; as a result she engaged in a crusade to thwart the marriage of Franz Ferdinand and Sophie.
He was the second son of Prince August Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria. At the time of his birth the House of Wettin ruled the Kingdom of Saxony and the Ernestine duchies in Germany, as well as the kingdoms of Belgium, Portugal, Bulgaria and the United Kingdom. The deaths of his older brother August (1908) and his father (1922), made him the fourth in the Roman Catholic line of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha princes to inherit the legacy of the House of Koháry. He had four sisters and two younger brothers, Prince Philipp (married with issue) and Prince Ernst (married without issue).
Princess Isabella of Parma (Isabella Maria Luisa Antonietta Ferdinanda Giuseppina Saveria Domenica Giovanna; 31 December 1741 – 27 November 1763) was the daughter of Infante Felipe of Spain, Duke of Parma, and his wife, Louise Élisabeth, eldest daughter of Louis XV of France and Maria Leszczyńska. At 18, Isabella was married to Archduke Joseph of Austria, later Joseph II, with whom she was not happy, finding more fulfilment in her close friendship with his sister Archduchess Maria Christina. The difficult birth of her daughter Maria Theresa, followed by two miscarriages, affected her mental condition, and she died soon after giving birth to another stillborn daughter.
Through her father, Emperor Dom Pedro I, she was a member of the Brazilian branch of the House of Braganza (Portuguese: Bragança) and was referred to using the honorific "Dona" (Lady) from birth. Her mother was the Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, daughter of Franz II, the last Holy Roman Emperor. Through her, Francisca was a niece of Napoleon Bonaparte and first cousin of Emperors Napoleon II of France, Franz Joseph I (Francis Joseph I) of Austria-Hungary and Don Maximiliano I (Maximilian I) of Mexico. Francisca married Prince François of Orléans, third son of Louis Philippe I and his Italian Queen Maria Amalia of Naples.
In 1737, after the War of the Polish Succession, an agreement between France, the Habsburgs and the Lorraine House of Vaudémont assigned the Duchy to Stanisław Leszczyński, former king of Poland. He was also father-in- law to King Louis XV of France, who lost out to a candidate backed by Russia and Austria in the War of the Polish Succession. The Lorraine duke Francis Stephen, betrothed to the Emperor's daughter Archduchess Maria Theresa, was compensated with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, where the last Medici ruler had recently died without issue. France also promised to support Maria Theresa as heir to the Habsburg possessions under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713.
Duchess Amalie Maria in Bavaria (Full German name: Amalie Maria, Herzogin in Bayern) (24 December 1865 - 26 May 1912) was born in Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, the only child of Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria and his first wife Princess Sophie of Saxony. Amalie was a member of the House of Wittelsbach and a Duchess in Bavaria by birth. She was a member of the House of Württemberg, Duchess of Urach and Countess of Württemberg through her marriage to Wilhelm, 2nd Duke of Urach. She was called by the French version of her name, Amélie, and was lifelong friends with her cousin, Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria.
Friedrich was born at the castle Gross-Seelowitz (now Židlochovice, near Brno in Moravia) the son of Karl Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his wife Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria. His siblings included Queen Maria Cristina of Spain, Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria, a candidate for the Kingdom of Poland, and Archduke Eugen of Austria, an Austrian officer. When Friedrich's uncle Archduke Albert, Duke of Teschen died in 1895, he and his brothers each inherited large estates. Friedrich owned properties at Ungarisch-Altenburg (now Mosonmagyaróvár in Hungary), Belleje, Saybusch (now Żywiec in Poland), Seelowitz (now Židlochovice) and Frýdek in the Czech Republic, and Pressburg (now Bratislava in Slovakia).
Ernest I's second son, Prince Albert (1819–1861), married Queen Victoria in 1840, and thus is the progenitor of the United Kingdom's royal family, called the House of Windsor since 1917. In 1826, a cadet branch of the house inherited the Hungarian princely estate of the Koháry and converted to Roman Catholicism. Its members managed to marry a queen regnant of Portugal, an imperial princess of Brazil, an archduchess of Austria, a French royal princess, a royal princess of Belgium and a royal princess of Saxony. A scion of this branch, Ferdinand, became ruling Prince and then Tsar of Bulgaria, and his descendants continued to reign there until 1946.
According to this version, her treatment was funded by Elisabeth Windisch-Graetz, popularly known as "the red archduchess", a committed lifelong socialist and a granddaughter of the late emperor. She remained in contact with comrades in Austria, however, as well as with her husband Karl who was subjected to police searches and close surveillance while she was away. After six weeks in her Davis sanitorium she received the message from Austria, "Rosl schwer erkrankt" ("Rosl seriously ill"). This was a coded message through which she was informed that in August 1934 her friend and political comrade, Rosa Jochmann, had been arrested, also in connection with the February events.
The six children of Joanna and Philip: Ferdinand, Charles, Isabella, Eleanor, Catherine and Mary; woodcut by Jan van Nieulandt, 1520s Born in Brussels on 15 September 1505, between ten and eleven in the morning, Archduchess Mary of Austria was the fifth child of King Philip I and Queen Joanna of Castile. Her birth was very difficult; the Queen's life was in danger and it took her a month to recover. On 20 September, she was baptized by Nicolas Le Ruistre, Bishop of Arras, and named after her paternal grandmother, Mary of Burgundy, who had died in 1482. Her godfather was her paternal grandfather, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I.de Iongh, 16-17.
A colourised aerial photograph of the southern side (published in 1921) The Arc de Triomphe is located on the right bank of the Seine at the centre of a dodecagonal configuration of twelve radiating avenues. It was commissioned in 1806, after the victory at Austerlitz by Emperor Napoleon at the peak of his fortunes. Laying the foundations alone took two years and, in 1810, when Napoleon entered Paris from the west with his new bride, Archduchess Marie- Louise of Austria, he had a wooden mock-up of the completed arch constructed. The architect, Jean Chalgrin, died in 1811 and the work was taken over by Jean-Nicolas Huyot.
Maria Theresa, Queen regnant of Hungary and Bohemia and Archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress The immediate cause of the war was the death in 1740 of Emperor Charles VI (1685–1740), and the inheritance of the Habsburg Monarchy, often collectively referred to as Austria. The 1703 Mutual Pact of Succession agreed if the Habsburgs became extinct in the male line, their possessions would go first to female heirs of Joseph, then those of Charles. Since Salic law excluded women from the inheritance, this required approval by the various Habsburg territories and the Imperial Diet. When Emperor Joseph I died in 1711, he left two daughters, Maria Josepha and Maria Amalia.
Everything outside of the crown jewels and state property that Elisabeth had the power to bequeath was left to her granddaughter, the Archduchess Elisabeth, Rudolf's child. Lucheni was declared to be sane, but was tried as a common murderer, not a political criminal. Incarcerated for life, and denied the opportunity to make a political statement by his action, he attempted to kill himself with the sharpened key from a tin of sardines on 20 February 1900. Ten years later, he hanged himself with his belt in his cell on the evening of 16 October 1910, after a guard confiscated and destroyed his uncompleted memoirs.
A member of the Westphalian, Prussian and Baltic- German von Dönhoff family that also included Ernst Magnus Dönhoff and Marion Dönhoff, Kasper became a military commander (rotmistrz of reiters), a favorite of King Sigismund III Vasa (after his conversion to Catholicism) and one of the most prominent members of the "court faction" that advocated strengthening the Polish monarch's power. As a courtier of King Władysław IV Vasa, Doenhoff was sent with a diplomatic mission to propose the marriage of Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II, to Władysław IV. The mission was successful, and Kasper also received noble titles from the Holy Roman Emperor.
During his reign, Jews were for the first time burned at the stake, many being executed at Nagyszombat (Trnava) in 1494, on suspicion of ritual murder. The Hungarian Jews finally applied to the German Emperor Maximilian for protection. On the occasion of the marriage of Louis II and the archduchess Maria (1512), the emperor, with the consent of Ladislaus, took the prefect, Jacob Mendel of Buda, together with his family and all the other Hungarian Jews, under his protection, according to them all the rights enjoyed by his other subjects. Under Ladislaus' successor, Louis II (1516–1526), persecution of the Jews was a common occurrence.
In November 1977 the National Institute of Forensic Medicine, the National Institute of Chemistry of Justice and the Budapest History Museum archaeologist and anthropologist experts carried out detailed investigations in the Üröm Mausoleum. On 26 April 1981 the Üröm Mausoleum was invaded by thieves, who profaned Alexandra's remains and coffin which was completely looted, taking clothing and jewelry. After this event, on 13 May Alexandra's remains were transferred to the crypt of Buda Castle, which had not yet been restored since the 1970s after the plunder and destruction made also by thieves. Until 2004, the Archduchess rested along the children and wives of her widower.
Directly following his studies he may have worked as a doctor in Trent (sources differ) but in or before 1601 he relocated to Hall in Tirol, then an important administrative city in the Habsburg territories, some 180 km (110 miles) to the north of Trent. One of his early appointments at Hall in Tirol came in 1601 when he was appointed Municipal Physician, which was a public appointment. In 1607 he was appointed :de:Leibarztpersonal physician to the Archducesses Eleanor and Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria, Habsburg siblings who had retreated to a monastic existence in the town following the disastrous marriage of one of them.
In April 1888 the Empress Elizabeth of Austria (known as "Sisi"), wife of Franz Josef I, stayed in Bournemouth for 10 days. Her daughter the Archduchess Marie Valerie attended 8 am Sunday mass at Sacred Heart; the Empress stayed in her hotel with a cold. Lady Georgiana Fullerton, granddaughter of the 5th Duke of Devonshire, worshipped for many years at Sacred Heart where there is a plaque to her memory. At first she stayed at Stewart's Hotel, now the Norfolk Royale, with her mother and later with her husband Alexander from Lymington; in 1876 she and her husband moved to a house Ayrfield, in St Peter's Road.
Magdalena was the fourth daughter of fifteen children of Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and his wife Anne of Bohemia and Hungary. During his lifetime her father had expressed to Archduchess Magdalena and her younger sister Margaret the desire for them to remain unmarried and create a community of pious women. After her father's death in 1564, Magdalena took the vow of celibacy, and set out to found a "royal convent" in Hall in Tirol, where like-minded women - both aristocratic and bourgeois - could lead a reclusive, pious and God-fearing life under the supervision of the Jesuits. Magdalena died in 1590 after a short sickness.
Conrad Meit's career led him from his birthplace at Worms on the Rhine, to the Wittenberg court and finally to Cranach's workshop in Mechelen. There he is recorded as court sculptor for Archduchess Margaret of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands from 1512 to 1530. For her Meits completed his most famous masterpieces, the group of monumental royal tombs for Margaret, her husband Philibert II, Duke of Savoy and his mother Margaret of Bourbon, produced from 1526 onwards. These are at the then newly built Royal Monastery of Brou, today in France, but then in the province of Bresse, part of the Duchy of Savoy.
Princess Stéphanie of Windisch-Graetz (9 July 1909 in Ploskovice, Bohemia - 7 September 2005 in Uccle, Belgium) was the daughter of Prince Otto Weriand of Windisch-Graetz (1873–1952) and Archduchess Elisabeth Marie of Austria (1883–1963), only child of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria and Princess Stéphanie of Belgium. She was the great-grandchild of Emperor Franz-Joseph and Empress Elisabeth ('Sissi') of Austria. She was also the great-grandchild of King Leopold II of Belgium. Her full name was Stéphanie Eleonore Maria Elisabeth Kamilla Philomena Veronika zu Windisch-Grätz in German, and Stéphanie Éléonore Marie Élisabeth Camille Philomène Véronique de Windisch- Grätz in French.
Fourteen-year-old Maria Antonia is the beautiful, charming, and naïve Archduchess of Austria, youngest of Empress Maria-Theresa's daughters. In 1770, the only one left unmarried among her sisters, she is sent by her mother to marry the Dauphin of France, the future Louis XVI, to seal an alliance between the two rival countries. Marie-Antoinette travels to France, relinquishing all connections with her home country, including her pet pug "Mops", and meets King Louis XV of France and her future husband, Louis-Auguste. The betrothed young couple arrive at the Palace of Versailles, which was built by the Sun King, Louis XIV.
Prussian territorial acquisitions in the 18th century In 1740 King Frederick II (Frederick the Great) came to the throne. Using the pretext of a 1537 treaty (vetoed by Emperor Ferdinand I) by which parts of Silesia were to pass to Brandenburg after the extinction of its ruling Piast dynasty, Frederick invaded Silesia, thereby beginning the War of the Austrian Succession. After rapidly occupying Silesia, Frederick offered to protect Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria if the province were turned over to him. The offer was rejected, but Austria faced several other opponents, and Frederick was eventually able to gain formal cession with the Treaty of Berlin in 1742.
Wilhelm Biener (Bienner) (1590 – 17 July 1651) was a lawyer, and chancellor of Tyrol. Born in Lauchheim in what is now Baden-Württemberg, he was employed by Margrave Karl von Burgau from 1620 onwards. After having served under the Elector of Bavaria, Maximilian I from 1625 to 1630, he was appointed by Emperor Ferdinand II to be a judge at the Imperial Court. He was assigned to Archduke Leopold V of Tyrol, initially in an advisory function, but in 1638 he became court chancellor, a function he was to hold until 1650, first under Archduchess Claudia de' Medici and, after her death in 1648, under her son, Archduke Ferdinand Charles.
Her sarcophagus in the Imperial Crypt Maria Theresa pursued a deliberate marriage policy to which all of her children had to submit. Thus, she married most of her children off throughout Europe. She and King Charles III of Spain agreed that Maria Theresa's fourth daughter, Archduchess Maria Amalia, would marry Charles III's son, King Ferdinand III of Sicily and IV of Naples; but Charles later wanted to break off the engagement due to Amalia being five years older than Ferdinand. Maria Theresa then turned her attention to Johanna, the closest sister who was just one year older than Ferdinand, so she betrothed Johanna to Ferdinand instead.
However, after Ferdinand's father Charles III of Spain objected to the five-year age difference, Maria Josepha, as the next eldest daughter, was left as the obvious candidate for Ferdinand's hand in marriage. She and Ferdinand were the same age, and better yet, Maria Josepha was considered "delightfully pretty, pliant by nature," and the favorite of her brother Joseph. Maria Josepha had been terrified of dying of smallpox ever since the death of her older sister Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela in 1762. Her fears were realised when she died of smallpox on the very day she was to have left Vienna for her journey across the Alps to marry Ferdinand.
The marriage also produced a younger daughter, Lady Mary Brandon. Years later, in 1528, Pope Clement VII issued a Papal Bull which confirmed that Brandon's divorce from Margaret Neville, who was still alive, was valid, thus establishing the legitimacy of Anne and her sister Mary. In 1514, Brandon arranged for Anne to be sent to the court of Archduchess Margaret of Savoy, Governor of the Netherlands. She was aged about seven years. While Anne was in the Netherlands, in 1515 her father married his third wife, Mary Tudor, the widowed Queen consort of King Louis XII of France, who was Henry VIII's youngest sister.
Pauline with her son, 1825 Queen Pauline of Württemberg, 1860s Pauline Therese was born in Riga, one of the five children of Duke Louis of Württemberg and his wife, Princess Henriette of Nassau-Weilburg. Her siblings included Maria Dorothea, Archduchess of Austria; Amelia, Duchess of Saxe-Hildburghausen; Elisabeth Alexandrine, Princess of Baden, and Duke Alexander of Württemberg himself the founder of the Teck branch of the family. Her paternal grandparents were Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg, and Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt. Her maternal grandparents were Charles Christian, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg, and Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, a daughter of William IV, Prince of Orange.
Archduchess Maria Luisa and her mother, Maria Antonietta Grand Duchess of Tuscany. Maria Luisa was born in Florence, the eighth child and fifth daughter of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his second wife, Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies. Her paternal grandparents were Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Luisa of Naples and Sicily. Her maternal grandparents were King Francis I of the Two Sicilies and María Isabella of Spain, Infanta of Spain. She was baptized in Florence's Battistero di San Giovanni as Maria Luisa Annunziata Anna Giovanna Giuseppa Antonietta Filomena Apollonia Tommasa, in honor of her father's sister, Princess Maria Luisa (1798-1857), affectionately called "the little hunchback" by the people of Florence.
Maximilian married Archduchess Valerie of Austria, daughter of Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria and Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm, civilly on 23 September 1966 in Salem, and religiously on 30 September 1966 in Persenbeug Castle, Austria. They have four children: Marie Louise (3 July 1969), who is married to Zentatsu Richard Baker; Bernhard (27 May 1970); Leopold (1 October 1971); and Michael (11 March 1976). Because he married a Roman Catholic, according to the Act of Settlement of 1701, Maximilian would be removed from the line of succession to the British throne, until implementation in 2015 of the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, which restored any succession rights to British dynasts forfeited because of marriage to Roman Catholics.
During his early years, one potential wife for John was Katherine of York, a daughter of Edward IV, the king of England and his wife Elizabeth Woodville. Isabella and Ferdinand, together with their cousin, Duke Francis II of Brittany, planned the alliance of their respective heirs, John and Anne, but the plan came to nothing, possibly due to John's frail constitution. Isabella and Ferdinand came to plan a double alliance with Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor, for the marriage of his children, Archduke Philip the Handsome and Archduchess Margaret of Austria. Around the same time, King Charles VIII of France invaded Italy and marched to take Naples which belonged to a branch of the House of Trastamara.
Aguiari studied with Brizio Petrucci in Ferrara and then was further educated at a convent in Florence, where she received singing lessons from Abbé Lambertini. In 1764 she made her professional opera debut in Florence and the following year made appearances at the opera houses in Padua, Lucca and Verona. In 1766 she appeared in Genoa, Lucca, and Parma; ultimately becoming a Court singer in the latter city in 1768. That same year, in Naples, she sang the title role at the world premiere of Paisiello's Le nozze di Peleo e Tetide, (on the occasion of the wedding ceremony of King Ferdinand IV of Naples and the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria).
Umberto I. The son of Victor Emmanuel II and Archduchess Adelaide of Austria, Umberto was born in Turin, which was then capital of the Kingdom of Sardinia, on 14 March 1844, his father's 24th birthday. His education was entrusted to, among others, Massimo Taparelli, marquis d'Azeglio and Pasquale Stanislao Mancini. As Crown Prince, Umberto was distrusted by his father, who gave him no training in politics or constitutional government, and he was brought up with no affection or love. Instead, Umberto was taught to be obedient and loyal; had to stand at attention whenever his father entered the room; and when speaking to his father had to get down on his knees to kiss his hand first.
Marie Louise (Maria Ludovica Leopoldina Franziska Therese Josepha Lucia; Italian: Maria Luisa Leopoldina Francesca Teresa Giuseppa Lucia; 12 December 1791 – 17 December 1847) was an Austrian archduchess who reigned as Duchess of Parma from 1814 until her death. She was Napoleon's second wife and, as such, Empress of the French from 1810 to 1814. As the eldest child of the Habsburg Emperor Francis II of Austria and his second wife, Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily, Marie Louise grew up during a period of continuous conflict between Austria and revolutionary France. A series of military defeats at the hands of Napoleon Bonaparte had inflicted a heavy human toll on Austria and led Francis to dissolve the Holy Roman Empire.
Maria II was born Maria da Glória Joana Carlota Leopoldina da Cruz Francisca Xavier de Paula Isidora Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga on 4 April 1819 in the Palace of São Cristóvão in Rio de Janeiro, Kingdom of Brazil. She was the eldest daughter of the Prince Pedro de Alcântara, future King of Portugal as Pedro IV and first Emperor of Brazil as Pedro I, and his first wife Maria Leopoldina (née Archduchess Caroline Josepha Leopoldine of Austria), herself a daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. She was titled Princess of Beira upon her birth. Born in Brazil, Maria was the only European monarch to have been born outside of Europe, though she was still born in Portuguese territory.
She made her way to Brussels to the court of Archduchess Lady Isabella Clara Eugenia whom she begged for financial support. Here Mary could have ended a rift between the O'Neill and O'Donnell families by agreeing to marry Sean O'Neill, but she refused this and went against the wishes of her brother Hugh and the King of Spain. Disgraced and cast out by her brother, Mary and her lover left for Genoa where she married her lover Dudley O'Gallagher. The couple had two children that died as infants after Mary wrote to the papacy for help on numerous occasions stating that she had been reduced to a wretched state and was living "in two miserable rooms".
Santa Leopoldina was founded in 1856 by around 60 Swiss immigrants who came up the Santa Maria River, closely followed in 1857 by roughly 200 immigrants from Germany and Luxembourg. The old extended version of the name, "Cachoeiro de Santa Leopoldina", was given in 1860 by the emperor Pedro II, in honour of his mother Maria Leopoldina, Archduchess of Austria. During the 19th century the town was, for a period, the biggest commercial centre of the state, but its influence declined after the arrival of roads which took traffic away from the river, which was then the town's biggest advantage. Santa Maria River was navigable right through to the Atlantic from this point.
The Gisela-Gymnasium München is a secondary school in Munich, Germany and belongs to the mathematical-scientific category of gymnasia but also has a modern languages branch. The school is named after its patron, the Archduchess Gisela of Austria who resided in the nearby Leopoldschlößchen with her family during her time in the city and played a significant role in local social and political events of the time. It has regular exchange programmes with schools in England (The Abbey School, Reading since 1990 and Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls in Elstree between 1991 and 1998), France (Collège Louis Michel in Saint-Junien-la-Bregère since 1982) and Italy (Liceo Scientifico Statale Giovanni da Castiglione in Castiglion Fiorentino.
Ambitious, she also planned to usurp the Spanish crown that was in the hands of Napoleon's brother Joseph Bonaparte. After the marriage in 1817 of her son Pedro with the Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria and the later return of the royal family to Portugal in 1821, Carlota Joaquina was confined in the Royal Palace of Queluz, where she died alone and abandoned by her children on 7 January 1830. After her death, Carlota Joaquina (mainly in Brazil) became part of popular culture and an important historical figure, being the subject of several books, films and other media. Some scholars believe that she has had a rough and superficial behavior, attributing to her the fact that she hated Brazil.
It was built 1847 originally named István sor/ German: Stephans Weg (Stephan Road) after Archduke Stephen, making reference to the neighboring quarter of Herminamező, which is named after his twin sister Archduchess Hermine of Austria, who in 1842 died. The same logic lead to the quarter name of Istvánmező, the István sor was part of the borderline in between them. The connection between the Dózsa György út to Hermina was rebaptized Ajtósi Dürer sor to commemorate the 400 years anniversary of the Albrecht Dürers death. The short section between Hermina and Francia út remained István sor until 1949, when it was due to the anti-nobility ideology of the Communist Regime restyled, too.
However, due to poor relations with her in-laws and her husband she fled in 1902. With various partners she lived in France, England, Switzerland, Italy and finally Belgium, where she died in poverty Marriages of Don Jaime's Bourbon-Parme cousins were largely fortunate,cases of Elié, Sixte, Xavier, Zita, Felix, René, Louis and Gaetan while cases of his Habsburg cousins were largely unsuccessful or even scandalous.archduke Leopold Habsburg fell in love with a prostitute, renounced his titles and married the woman in 1902; two other marriages followed. Archduchess Louise Habsburg fled her husband, the crown prince of Saxony, and with various partners for decades lived in France, England, Switzerland and Belgium.
Napoleon's answer was to refuse to ratify the 4 January convention, and to announce his engagement to the archduchess Marie Louise in such a way as to lead Alexander to suppose that the two marriage treaties had been negotiated simultaneously. From this time on, the relationship between the two emperors gradually became more and more strained. Another personal grievance for Alexander towards Napoleon was the annexation of Oldenburg by France in December 1810, as the Duke of Oldenburg (3 January 17542 July 1823) was the uncle of the tsar. Furthermore, the disastrous impact of the Continental System on Russian trade made it impossible for the emperor to maintain a policy that was Napoleon's chief motive for the alliance.
Before this, individual members of the Albertine line had returned to the Roman Church, but they had died without issue, as did the last rulers of Saxe-Merseburg (in 1738) and Saxe-Weissenfels who died out in 1746. Another collateral line founded in 1657 was that of Saxe-Zeitz, which became extinct in 1759. Members of this line who became Catholic were Christian Augustus (died 1725), Cardinal Archbishop of Gran in Esztergom, Hungary and Maurice Adolphus, Bishop of Leitmeritz in Bohemia (died 1759). The most zealous promoter of the Catholic faith in Saxony was the Austrian Archduchess Maria Josepha, daughter of Emperor Joseph I, who in 1719 married Frederick Augustus, later the second elector of that name.
Giuliano Castellani: Ferdinando Paer: Biografia, Opere e Documenti degli Anni Parigini He was named Ferdinando after Duke Ferdinand of Parma by Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, Duke Ferdinand's wife. He studied the theory of music under the violinist Ghiretti, a pupil of the Conservatorio della Pietà de' Turchini in Naples. His first Italian opera, Circe, was given in Venice during carnival 1792; others rapidly followed, and his name was soon famous throughout Italy. In 1797, he went to Vienna, where his future wife, the singer Francesca Riccardi, had obtained an engagement. There he became music director of the Kärntnertortheater until 1801, where he produced a series of operas, including his Camilla (1799) and his Achille (1801).
Maria Clementina was married, 28 July 1816, at Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, to her mother's younger brother, Prince Leopoldo of the Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno, the youngest son of King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria. From their four children, only a daughter survived adulthood, Princess Maria Carolina of the Two Sicilies (1822–1869), who on 25 November 1844, in Naples, married her paternal first cousin, Prince Henri, Duke of Aumale (1822–1897). Henri was the fourth (and second-youngest) surviving son of King Louis-Philippe of France and his wife Princess Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily. Through their daughter, Maria Clementina and Leopoldo had seven grandchildren, two of whom reached adulthood.
While Ferdinand was allowed to keep the grand ducal title as a courtesy and retain his status as grand master of all Tuscan orders of chivalry for his lifetime, his descendants could only bear the title of "Archduke/Archduchess of Austria"; the right to bear the title "Prince/ss of Tuscany" became restricted solely to family members born before 1866. In 1870 Ferdinand relinquished all dynastic rights to the defunct Grand Duchy for himself and his future heirs in favor of his cousin, Emperor Franz Joseph I, effectively ending the House of Habsburg-Tuscany's status as a sovereign cadet branch.Bernd Braun: Das Ende der Regionalmonarchien in Italien. Abdankungen im Zuge des Risorgimento.
The only son and heir of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies by his first wife, Maria Christina of Savoy, Francis II was the last of the Bourbon kings of Naples, where he was born in 1836. His education had been much neglected and he proved a man of weak character, greatly influenced by his stepmother Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, whom he feared, and also by the priests, and by the camarilla, or reactionary court set. On 3 February 1859 in Bari, Francis married princess Duchess Maria Sophie in Bavaria, of the royal Bavarian house of Wittelsbach (a younger sister of Empress Elisabeth "Sissi" of Austria). Maria Sophie, along with Elisabeth, was a great beauty.
Alongside the Empress Maria, widow of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II, and the latter's daughter Archduchess Margaret, who lived as a nun in Madrid, Queen Margaret formed a circle of women wielding considerable influence over the king.Sánchez, p.91. They emphasised Spain's status as a Catholic power acting in the interest of Catholic Europe and also highlighted the unity of the House of Habsburg. They were successful, for example, in convincing Philip to provide financial support to Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II. The pro- Austrian camp at the Spanish court was opposed by the Duke of Lerma, the King's chief minister, who argued that Spain should pursue her own course of action independently of religious or dynastic ties.
He was to become one of the most distinguished engravers of his day. He became a member of the Drawing Committee of the Société des Arts in 1812, but was not active in it since he usually lived in Geneva. Disembarkation of her royal highness, the archduchess Carolina Leopoldina (1818) Pradier was a member of the Missão Artística Francesa organized by Joachim Lebreton which brought a number of artists to Brazil, arriving on 25 March 1816. These included the painters Jean-Baptiste Debret (1768-1848) and Nicolas-Antoine Taunay (1755-1830), the sculptor Auguste Marie Taunay (1768-1824), the brothers Marc Ferrez (1788-1850) and Zepherin Ferrez (1797-1851) and the architect Grandjean de Montigny (1776-1850).
With the accession to the Duchy of the somewhat simple Ferdinand, Duke of Parma (1751 - 1802) and his Habsburg Duchess, Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria, an alliance that had been organised by her mother, Maria Theresa, Tillot was soon cashiered, in spite of protests from France and Spain. He had made deep political enemies in the Church, and the new Duchess effected a shift away from Bourbon influences towards conservative Austria, though his replacement, Jose de Llano, was Spanish. Tillot was confined under house arrest to his properties at Colorno. He fled on 19 November 1771, intending to reach Spain, but ended his days in retirement in France, where he died in 1774.
Radziwill, p. 58 In addition to their daughters she also became the step mother to his children by his second wife, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke Otto Franz of Austria, Archduke Ferdinand Karl of Austria and Archduchess Margarete Sophie of Austria. Maria Theresa managed to obtain considerable influence at the Austrian court when Empress Elisabeth effectively withdrew from the social scene in Vienna after the suicide of her only son, Crown Prince Rudolf, in January 1889. Maria Theresa stood in for the Empress and carried out honours at the Hofburg Imperial Palace with the Emperor until the death of her husband in 1896 when court etiquette ruled she had to go into retirement.
Born Maria Madalena Josefa Teresa Bárbara, Barbara was the eldest child and only daughter of King John V of Portugal and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, a daughter of Emperor Leopold I. She was baptised Maria Madalena Bárbara Xavier Leonor Teresa Antónia Josefa, her names honouring a number of saints and relatives. She was usually referred to as Bárbara or Maria Bárbara, a name never before used among Portuguese royalty but given in honour of Saint Barbara, the saint of her birthday. She was a first cousin of the future Empress Maria Theresa as well as Maria Josepha of Austria. Although her parents were married in 1708, they remained childless for nearly three years.
Hans Ulrich's influence became ever stronger at the Inner Austrian court due to interventions by the Archduchess Maria of Bavaria, Ferdinand's mother. Although ten years his senior, Eggenberg soon became Ferdinand's closest friend and confidant, a relationship that was to last all his life. With Eggenberg's help, Archduke Ferdinand was elected Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor of the German Nation in 1619. In his positions as the President of the Geheimrat (Privy Council) and Lord Chamberlain to his new Emperor, Hans Ulrich, the son of a merchant family from Graz, had risen to become one of the most significant and influential statesmen of his time during the period of the Thirty Years' War.
Empress Elisabeth of Austria (born Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria; 24 December 1837 – 10 September 1898) was Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary by marriage to Emperor Franz Joseph I. She was born into the royal Bavarian House of Wittelsbach. Nicknamed Sisi (also Sissi), she enjoyed an informal upbringing before marrying Emperor Franz Joseph I at the age of sixteen. The marriage thrust her into the much more formal Habsburg court life, for which she was unprepared and which she found uncongenial. Early in the marriage she was at odds with her mother-in-law, Archduchess Sophie, who took over the rearing of Elisabeth's daughters, one of whom, Sophie, died in infancy.
Haslip, Joan, The Lonely Empress: Elisabeth of Austria, Phoenix Press, 2000. In 1853, Princess Sophie of Bavaria, the domineering mother of 23-year-old Emperor Franz Joseph, preferring to have a niece as a daughter-in-law rather than a stranger, arranged a marriage between her son and her sister Ludovika's eldest daughter, Helene ("Néné"). Although the couple had never met, Franz Joseph's obedience was taken for granted by the archduchess, who was once described as "the only man in the Hofburg" for her authoritarian manner.Nibbs, Ann, The Elusive Empress, Youwriteon, 2008 The Duchess and Helene were invited to journey to the resort of Bad Ischl, Upper Austria to receive his formal proposal of marriage.
This small statue was originally placed in the garden of the Villa Medici at Careggi. The water, flowing through the nose of the dolphin, is brought here by pipes from the Boboli Gardens. In the niche, in front of the fountain, stands Samson and Philistine by Pierino da Vinci. The frescoes on the walls are vedute of the cities of the Austrian Habsburg monarchy, painted in 1565 by Giorgio Vasari for the wedding celebration of Francesco I de' Medici, the eldest son of Cosimo I de' Medici, to Archduchess Johanna of Austria, sister of the Emperor Maximilian II. Amongst the cities depicted are Graz, Innsbruck, Linz, Vienna, Bratislava (Pozsony), Hall in Tirol, Freiburg im Breisgau and Konstanz.
1st Marquis of Pombal effectively ruled Portugal during the reign of King José I. In 1738, fidalgo Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo (later ennobled as the 1st Marquis of Pombal) began a diplomatic career as the Portuguese Ambassador in London and later in Vienna. The Queen consort of Portugal, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, was fond of Carvalho e Melo; and after his first wife died, she arranged the widowed Carvalho e Melo's second marriage to the daughter of the Austrian Field Marshal Leopold Josef, Count von Daun. King John V, however, was not pleased and recalled Carvalho e Melo to Portugal in 1749. John V died the following year and his son, Joseph I, was crowned.
20 January 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2015. (Flemish). The couple's wedding was celebrated on 5 July 2014 in Rome's Basilica Santa Maria in Trastevere,Prins Amedeo en Lili trouwen in de zon in the presence of the Royal Family of Belgium (with the exception of his great- aunt Queen Fabiola), as well as members of the cadet branches of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, including the bridegroom's grandmother, Margherita of Savoy, Dowager Archduchess of Austria-Este, and members of other dynasties, including Princess Margaretha of Luxembourg and her husband Prince Nikolaus of Liechtenstein, Princess Beatrice of York and Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoléon. The couple were planning to relocate in Belgium after the wedding.
Archduchess Maria Carolina holding a portrait of her father, alt=A young blue-eyed girl wears a blue rococo bodice with frilled sleeves while holding a portrait of her father. Born on 13 August 1752 at the Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Maria Carolina was the thirteenth and sixth surviving child of Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia and ruler of the Habsburg dominions, and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. She was a namesake of her elder sisters – Maria Carolina, who died two weeks after her first birthday, and Maria Carolina, who died several hours after being baptised, but she was known as Charlotte by her family. Her godparents were King Louis XV of France and his wife, Marie Leszczyńska.
The religious schism in the Netherlands was blamed for the pain Mary felt. In November 1603 the Spanish army defeated Protestant troops besieging 's-Hertogenbosch, an important fortification in Northern Brabant. Pilgrims travelling to the Scherpenheuvel, depicted in a tryptich by Frans Van Leemputten (1903–05) Archduke Albert of Austria (appointed by the King of Spain as the governor of the Low Countries), and his wife, the Archduchess Isabella (daughter of King Philip II of Spain) donated funds for the construction of a stone chapel in Scherpenheuvel and made a pilgrimage themselves. In 1604, a few months after its inauguration by the Bishop of Mechelen, the new chapel was looted by Northern troops.
He also intended to forge relations with Archduchess Maria Theresa, the heiress of Emperor Charles VI. However, Leopold Clement died shortly afterwards at Lunéville and in his stead, the younger son Francis Stephen went to Vienna, where he married Maria Theresa. Francis would become Emperor and his descendants, the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, would rule Austria until 1918. In 1725, Leopold tried to marry off his daughter Anne Charlotte to the young King Louis XV, but Louis Henry, Duke of Bourbon, then prime minister, prevented a union with a descendant of the rival House of Orléans. Then, Elisabeth Charlotte tried to arrange her daughter's marriage to her first cousin, the recently widowed Louis, Duke of Orléans, but Louis refused.
The Duchess of Montebello enjoyed a great deal of respect in the contemporary Parisian high society as a role model of aristocratic femininity. She was appointed dame d'honneur (Mistress of the Robes) to Empress Marie Louise by Napoleon I, a position she kept from 1810 until the fall of Napoleon in 1814. Montebello was described as a virtuous beauty with domestic values and Napoleon reportedly trusted and respected her and referred to her as a "true lady of honor".Cuthell, Edith E: An imperial victim : Marie Louise, Archduchess of Austria, Empress of the French, Duchess of Parma, 1911 She, however, did in fact not like him, reportedly because she blamed him for the death of her spouse.
The aircraft was cleared by air traffic control to descend to over Guanabara Bay as part of the approach sequence to Runway 14 at Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport. During the descent the weather was rainy. Descending too low on approach, the Constellation struck the water with the aircraft's nosewheel; the crew attempted to continue the approach, but were unable to maintain control, and the aircraft crashed near Flecheiras Beach. All of the aircraft's passengers (including both the literary impressaria Susana Soca and the Archduchess Maria Ileana of Austria-Tuscany, granddaughter of King Ferdinand of Romania) as well as seven crewmembers died; the co-pilot, a steward and a stewardess survived the impact.
Meit's date of birth at Worms on the Rhine is unknown, and his early life and training are not recorded. He was employed at the court of Frederick III, Elector of Saxony before 1506 and came to work at the Wittenberg court at the request of Lucas Cranach the Elder, where he probably worked in Cranach's workshop between 1505 and 1511. He then went to Middelburg to work for Philip of Burgundy, the illegitimate son of Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, who was later to be suddenly made Bishop of Utrecht. From 1514 until her death in 1530 Meit was court sculptor to the Archduchess Margaret of Austria, the regent of the Netherlands, mainly based at Mechelen.
Son of a merchant, he studied medicine with Luigi Galvani in Bologna and Johann Peter Frank in Pavia whom he followed to Vienna in 1795 and with whom he competed as the secondary doctor at the Vienna general hospital. He finished his training in 1787 and founded the society of general practitioners in 1802 and founded his own practice in 1804. In 1809 he published his work of natural philosophy, "Draft pathogeny of Evolution and Revolution of Life." During the Congress of Vienna he enjoyed an excellent reputation and became the personal physician of Archduke Karl and Archduchess Maria Beatrice d'Este of Modena. On December 31, 1821 he married Polish countess Helena Ostrowska (1794–1826).
However, he could not ask for the Queen's hand, she had to offer it. Spain's prime minister Narvaez and Francis's sister Queen Maria Christina favored his candidacy. However, after the fall of Narvaez's government in April 1846, and facing the lack of support in Spain for the project, Maria Christina chose her nephew the Duke of Cadiz as a husband for her daughter in an agreement with King Louis Philippe.Acton, The Last Bourbons of Naples, p. 166 Four years later, on 10 April 1850, Francis married another niece, Archduchess Maria Isabella of Austria, Princess of Tuscany, daughter of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his wife Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies.
On the 4th Austrian Catholic Day (Katholikentag) in 1896, the Marianische Kaufmannskongregation (Marians Congregation of Businessmen made the proposal, to set the Blessed Peter Canisius, chaplain and Episcopal Vicar of Vienna (1553 and 1554), to his 300th Obit a fitting monument. 1897 the Canisius Church Building Association was constituted and placed itself under the auspices of Archduchess Maria Josepha, the mother of the future Emperor Charles I of Austria. On 31 July 1899, the feast of St. Ignatius of Loyola, the construction of the church began, and on 18 October 1903 it was inaugurated in the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph. In the short construction period of only three years, the massive structure was completed.
Rega treated numerous wealthy patients in private practice, including Archduchess Maria Elisabeth of Austria, Governess-General of the Austrian Netherlands, who became a generous patron to him and gave him a gem-encrusted medal bearing her likeness. In 1740 he undertook a study of the healthful properties of mineral water from the estate of her summer residence in Mariemont (the site of the current Musée royal de Mariemont). His wealth enabled him to purchase a country estate of his own, and a fine town house in Leuven. The former is now the site of a 19th-century country house, Regahof, and the latter (at Parijsstraat 74 in Leuven) is a listed building known as "Hotel Rega".
In the early 1780s the government entrusted him with the design for the monumental gateways of the Parc de Bruxelles. This commission was executed in collaboration with the sculptor Gilles-Lambert Godecharle who also made the designs for the relief decorating the pediment of the Palace of the Council of Brabant. After the death of Charles Alexander of Lorraine the government of the Habsburg Netherlands was entrusted to Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria and her husband Albert of Saxe-Teschen. As also Dewez had fallen into disfavor - officially due to shortcomings in his designs for the Vilvoorde prison - they choose for new architects to work in their service such as Charles de Wailly and Louis Montoyer.
Archduchess Ilona (Helene) of Austria was born in Budapest, Hungary the second daughter and child of Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria and his wife Princess Anna of Saxony. Her father was the son of Archduke Joseph August of Austria who was one of the heads of the provisional government of Hungary following the removal of King Charles IV. Her mother was a daughter of the last king of Saxony, Frederick Augustus III. Ilona married Duke Georg Alexander of Mecklenburg civilly on 20 February 1946 and religiously on 30 April 1946 in Sigmaringen, Württemberg-Hohenzollern during the allied occupation of Germany. Her husband was the eldest child and heir of George, Duke of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and his first wife Irina Mikhailovna Raievskya.
BWV 214, the goddess even quitted her usual ferocity in order to congratulate Maria Josepha of Austria, Princess Elector of Saxony and Queen of Poland, on her birthday on 8 December 1733.BWV 214, Leipzig 1733; translations of the aria and recitative are on Emmanuel Music}} She retains her harsh aspect in "Prometheus Absolved" by Giovanni Ambrogio Migliavacca (1718–1795), however. In this cantata celebrating the birth of the Archduchess Isabella in 1762, the deities sit in judgement on Prometheus, some arguing for clemency, while Bellona and others demand rigour. She also plays her proper part in the 'heroic cantata' created by the composer Francesco Bianchi and the librettist Lorenzo da Ponte, entitled "The Wedding of the Thames and Bellona" (Le nozze del Tamigi e Bellona).
Cover Wiener Blut ('Viennese Blood', 'Vienna Blood' or 'Viennese Spirit') Op. 354 is a waltz by Johann Strauss II first performed by the composer on 22 April 1873. The new dedication waltz was to celebrate the wedding of the Emperor Franz Joseph I's daughter Archduchess Gisela Louise Maria and Prince Leopold of Bavaria. However, the waltz was also chiefly noted by Strauss' biographers as the début of Strauss with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra where for many years, the Philharmonic had dismissed any association with the 'Waltz King' as it had not wished to be associated with mere 'light' or 'pops' music. The festival ball celebrating the event was held at the Musikverein Hall which is the venue for the present day Neujahrskonzert.
He was the only son of Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua, and Archduchess Eleanor of Austria. His maternal grandparents were Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor and Anna of Bohemia and Hungary. In 1582, Vincenzo murdered in cold blood the brilliant young Scottish polymath James Crichton, an employee of his father's court, of whom Vincenzo had become crazed with jealousy. Vincenzo was a major patron of the arts and sciences, and turned Mantua into a vibrant cultural center. On September 22, 1587, Vincent was crowned the fourth Duke of Mantua, with a glitzy ceremony in which were present the highest authority of the duchy to pay homage to the new Duke of Mantua: he then moved with a ride through the city streets.
The diplomatic realignment in 1756 had overthrown 200 years of French foreign policy that united the French Crown and the French populace against the House of Habsburg, arguably bringing to France massive territorial gains in repeated wars with Habsburg Austria and Habsburg Spain. A reversal of this policy in 1756 tied French foreign policy in Europe to Vienna. Despite this restructuring, there existed in the French Court at Versailles, and in France generally, a strong anti-Austrian sentiment. The diplomatic revolution of 1756, sealed in 1770 with the personal union (the diplomatic term for marriage) of Louis, the Dauphin of Viennois, and the Austrian Archduchess Marie Antoinette, was considered both a political and matrimonial mésalliance in the eyes of many Frenchmen.
Unable to prevent her son from giving up the duchy of Lorraine to Stanisław Leszczyński when he married the Habsburg heiress, Maria Theresa of Austria, Élisabeth Charlotte moved into the Château d'Haroué in nearby Commercy, which was erected into a sovereign principality for her to reign over during her dowager years. The Château de Commercy where she died in 1744 In 1737, her daughter, Élisabeth Thérèse married Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia. Elisabetta Teresa, as she was known in Italy, died in childbirth in 1741 after giving birth to Élisabeth Charlotte's grandson, Benedetto, Duke of Chablais. On 7 January 1744 her youngest son, Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine, made a "marriage of love" with Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, who died in childbirth on 16 December 1744.
A specimen, originally classified as Pterodactylus micronyx (now Aurorazhdarcho micronyx), was one of the earliest, if not the earliest, documented pterosaur fossil ever found. The holotype specimen of P. micronyx, also known as the "Pester Exemplar", was originally part of the private fossil collection held by Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. Evidence suggest that the Pester Exemplar was unearthed at some point between 1757, when Maria Anna was recovering from serious cases of pneumonia and tuberculosis, after which she began collecting fossils, and 1779, when the specimen was first studied by scientists. This overlaps with the possible time of discovery of the holotype specimen of Pterodactylus antiquus, often considered the first pterosaur found, which was unearthed sometime between 1767 and 1784.
Princess Maria Teresa Maddalena of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Full Italian name: Principessa Maria Teresa Maddalena di Borbone delle Due Sicilie) (15 January 1867, Zürich, Switzerland - 1 March 1909, Cannes, France) was the only child of Prince Louis of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Count of Trani (heir apparent of the defunct throne of the Two Sicilies) and his wife Duchess Mathilde Ludovika in Bavaria. Maria Teresa was a member of the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and became a member of the House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and titular Princess of Hohenzollern through her marriage to Prince Wilhelm of Hohenzollern (later Prince of Hohenzollern). She was called Mädi in the family and had a lifelong friendship with her cousin the Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria.
Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, Prince of Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein( ; (15 May 1773 – 11 June 1859), was an Austrian diplomat who was at the center of European affairs for three decades as the Austrian Empire's foreign minister from 1809 and Chancellor from 1821 until the liberal Revolutions of 1848 forced his resignation. Born into the House of Metternich in 1773 as the son of a diplomat, Metternich received a good education at the universities of Strasbourg and Mainz. Metternich rose through key diplomatic posts, including ambassadorial roles in the Kingdom of Saxony, the Kingdom of Prussia, and especially Napoleonic France. One of his first assignments as Foreign Minister was to engineer a détente with France that included the marriage of Napoleon to the Austrian archduchess Marie Louise.
Direction générale des beaux-arts - 1882 "Le nom du maître de chapelle de René II et d'Antoine est mentionné dans les Archives ; c'était le fameux Pierrequin de Thérache, dont le nom est semblable à celui de Pierre de Thérache, musicien de la chapelle de Louis XII, roi de France" He served as a master of the children from 1500–1527, was maître de chapelle of René II and Antoine de Lorraine, and musician in the chapel of Louis XII. He was also connected with the composers Antoine Brumel, Pierre de La Rue, Antoine de Longueval, and Marbrianus de Orto at the reestablished Burgundian musical chapel la Grand Chapelle at Mechelen under Archduchess Margaret of Austria, regent for the infant Charles V.
Portrait of a young Marie Caroline Auguste Maria Carolina was born in Vienna on 26 April 1822, the only surviving child of Prince Leopold of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Prince of Salerno and his wife (and niece) Archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor. Nicknamed Lina since her birth, the princess spent the first years of her life under the supervision of her mother in the Austrian imperial court at Vienna and was also officially introduced there in society. As a teenager, she returned with her family to Naples. In the 1830s and 1840s there were not many princesses from European nobility who were in a marriageable age, so Maria Carolina had several suitors for her hand.
Still-Life with Partridge and Gauntlets, 1504, arguably the first still life By the time the Map of Venice was published de' Barbari had already left for Germany, where he met Dürer, who he may have already known from Dürer's first Italian trip (a passage in a letter of Dürer's is ambiguous). They discussed human proportion, not obviously one of de' Barbari's strengths, but Dürer was evidently fascinated by what he had to say, though he recorded that de' Barberi had not told him everything he knew: Twenty years later Dürer tried unsuccessfully to get the Archduchess Margaret, Habsburg Regent of the Netherlands, to give him a manuscript book she had on the subject by de' Barbari, by then dead; the book has not survived.
Court of Savoye Court of Savoy, rear façade on Keizerstraat and (here darker) side at Korte Maagdenstraat Inner courtyard of Margaret of Austria's Palace The Hof van Savoye (Court of Savoy) or Palace of Margaret of Austria is an early 16th-century building in Mechelen, Belgium. It was one of the first Renaissance buildings in northern Europe. Archduchess Margaret of Austria, Governor of the Netherlands, was granted a house located in the Korte Maagdenstraat (Virgins Short Street),It is not uncommon for Dutch language street names to distinct a shorter from a longer stretch. Less usual, the short Korte Maagdenstraat held its name when the corresponding name for a longer street was abandoned. but she found it too small and started an ambitious expansion campaign in 1507.
Duke Borwin of Mecklenburg was born in Freiburg im Breisgau the youngest child and only son of Duke Georg Alexander of Mecklenburg and his wife Archduchess Ilona of Austria (1927–2011) the daughter of Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria and Princess Anna of Saxony. He is an agnatic descendant of Grand Duke Georg of Mecklenburg- Strelitz and through his mother a descendant of King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony and Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria. Duke Borwin became the heir apparent to headship of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz on 6 July 1963 when his grandfather died and his father succeeded as head of the house. Borwin has studied Viticulture at the Geisenheim Grape Breeding Institute and served as an officer in the German Army.
Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell, who laid out the first landscape garden in Germany, was involved in the conversion and extension of the gardens of Trippstadt House in the 1780s. Whilst there, he got to know the nearby Karlstal and described it thus: Subsequently Sckell undertook alterations over the central part of the gorge, a good kilometre long, and dovetailed a trail with little wooden bridges and a wooden pavilion into the valley, so that its near-natural impression was even more heightened. An iron table at the entrance to the valley refers to a royal visit: Ex-king Ludwig I of Bavaria, Grand Duke Louis III of Hesse-Darmstadt and Archduchess Hildegard of Austria, together with their retinue, visited the valley on 9 August 1862.
Sophie was dismissed from service, thus beginning an ongoing conflict between Friedrich and Franz Ferdinand, who married Sophie in 1900. The marriage was morganatic; Sophie was subjected to the indignities of a much lower rank at court than that of her husband, and none of their children could succeed to their father's dynastic honours—all chiefly as a result of Isabella's machinations. A decade later, Isabella created a similar furore when her nephew, Karl, 13th Prince von Croÿ, sought to marry Nancy Leishman, the charming young daughter of John George Alexander Leishman, United States Ambassador to Germany, the former president of Carnegie Steel. The Archduchess felt that Nancy, being an American and a commoner, was not an appropriate spouse for a prince of Croÿ.
As a result of the Habsburgs' banishment from Austria, she feels that she grew up devoid of any sense of pride of country and thus identifies as European.Gelber, David, Financial Times, The art of diplomacy, 29 April 2011, access date 21 May 2011 She believes that her dynasty's role in history shaped her upbringing, noting that her family "never spoke about anything at mealtimes except politics". A granddaughter of the last Austrian emperor, Charles I, she does not use the traditional Habsburg-Lorraine titles ("Princess Imperial and Archduchess of Austria, Princess Royal of Hungary and Bohemia", with the style of Imperial and Royal Highness). After graduating in 1976, Gabriela von Habsburg studied philosophy for two years at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.
Archduchess Maria Leopoldine Anna Josephine Johanna of Austria-Este was born in Milan on 10 December 1776 as the fourth child and third (but second surviving) daughter of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Este and of his wife, Princess Maria Beatrice Ricciarda d'Este. Her father, the second youngest son of Empress Maria Theresa, and her mother were the founders of the House of Habsburg-Este. Although Archduke Ferdinand wasn't as gifted as his eldest brother Joseph II, his rule as Governor General of Lombardy made him extremely popular; he and his wife sought closeness to their subjects and owed their high esteem above all to their social commitment. Ferdinand Karl and Maria Beatrice were loving parents and concentrated on the education of their children.
He still had some supporters because the epitaph on his grave reads "Here lies Louis XVII, King of France" and in his death certificate he is named as "Charles-Louis de Bourbon, Duke of Normandy (Louis XVII), who was known under the name of Charles-Guillaume Naundorff, [...] son of His Majesty the late Louis XVI, King of France and of Her Imperial and Royal Highness Marie Antoinette, Archduchess of Austria, Queen of France, who both died in Paris". Death certificate France has insisted this document be set aside but the Netherlands has refused. Naundorff's descendants did not give up. Some of them insisted on using the surname "de Bourbon" and they petitioned for recognition to French courts and senates all through the 19th and 20th centuries.
23-29 He had secured invitations from several noble patrons, and within three days of arriving the children were playing at the palace of Count Collalto. Among those present was the Viennese Treasury councillor and future prime minister Karl von Zinzendorf, who noted in his diary that "a little boy, said to be only five-and-a-half years old [Wolfgang was actually nearly seven], played the harpsichord". After an appearance before the Imperial Vice-Chancellor, the Mozarts were invited to the royal court, where the Empress Maria Theresa tested Wolfgang's abilities by requiring him to play with the keyboard covered. During this court visit Wolfgang met the Archduchess Maria Antonia, the future Queen Marie Antoinette of France, who was two months his senior.
The Berlin Virgin formed the other half of a diptych with the Washington portrait of Diego de Guevara, a Spanish courtier with the Habsburgs, otherwise best known for giving the Arnolfini Portrait to Archduchess Margaret of Austria, governor of the Spanish Netherlands. From the Netherlands, Sittow returned to Spain and worked for Ferdinand II of Aragon, followed in 1516 by the Spanish King Carlos I, the future Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. When Charles V abdicated from power he took Sittow's wooden sculpture of the Virgin and three paintings with him to his retirement in the monastery of Yuste. It is possible that Sittow travelled to Spain in an attempt to recover an unpaid salary from queen Isabel of Castille.
The young Elisabeth shortly after becoming Austrian Empress (by , 1855) After enjoying an informal and unstructured childhood, Elisabeth, who was shy and introverted by nature, and more so among the stifling formality of Habsburg court life, had difficulty adapting to the Hofburg and its rigid protocols and strict etiquette. Within a few weeks, Elisabeth started to display health problems: she had fits of coughing and became anxious and frightened whenever she had to descend a narrow steep staircase.Vandereycken, Walter & Van Deth, Ron, "The Anorectic Empress: Elisabeth of Austria", History Today, Vol. 46, April 1996 She was surprised to find she was pregnant and gave birth to her first child, a daughter, Archduchess Sophie of Austria (1855–1857), just ten months after her wedding.
Ferdinando was forced to marry his heir, Cosimo, to Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria to assuage Spain (where Maria Maddalena's sister was the incumbent Queen consort). Ferdinando sponsored a Tuscan colony in America, with the intention of establishing a Tuscan settlement in the area of what is now French Guiana. Despite all of these incentives to economic growth and prosperity, the population of Florence, at dawn of the 17th century, was a mere 75,000 souls, far smaller than the other capitals of Italy: Rome, Milan, Venice, Palermo and Naples.Hale, p 158 Francesco and Ferdinando, due to lax distinction between Medici and Tuscan state property, are thought to be wealthier than their ancestor, Cosimo de' Medici, the founder of the dynasty.
On her father's side, her grandparents were Leopold V, Archduke of Further Austria and his wife Claudia de' Medici (after which she received her first name); on her mother's side, her grandparents were Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and his wife Archduchess Maria Magdalena of Austria. Her parents failed to produce a male heir: after Claudia Felicitas, they had only two other daughters, one who died immediately after birth (19 July 1654) and Maria Magdalena (17 August 1656 – 21 January 1669).Seel 1817, p. 323. After Archduke Ferdinand Charles died in 1662, he was succeeded by his brother Sigismund Francis, who died three years later (1665), a few days after his marriage by proxy with Hedwig of the Palatinate-Sulzbach.
Maria Josepha's sister-in-law, Archduchess Maria Christina, once wrote: "I believe if I were his [Joseph's] wife and so maltreated I would run away and hang myself on a tree in Schonbrunn." Despite Joseph's cold behaviour towards her, Maria Josepha had loved her husband with much ardour and was deeply affected by his unkindness towards her. Being of a meek and timid disposition, and conscious of her own inferiority, she trembled and turned pale whenever she came in her husband's presence. The only member of the imperial family who took the poor young queen under his wing was her father-in-law, Emperor Francis I; and when Francis died shortly after her marriage, she had no real support in the court.
The War of the Bavarian Succession broke out with the invasion of the Prussian Army into Bohemia on 5 July 1778, after Austria and Prussia could not negotiate a solution to their differences. Due to difficulties in supplying the troops, the war became a stalemate: the Prussians were not able to advance far into the Bohemian lands, but the Austrians were unwilling to invade Saxony or Prussia. This was partly because Empress Maria Theresa (the mother of Joseph II and his co-ruler as Queen of Bohemia and Archduchess of Austria) firmly opposed the war after it became clear that a stalemate prevailed. She dispatched peace initiatives to King Frederick II of Prussia and forced her son to accept mediation by France and Russia.
Popularly known as "Cardinal Rodrigo de Castro'", was a renaissance man, considered by many authors as the last great ecclesiastical prince. His birthplace is disputed, with some authors arguing that he was born in Valladolid in 1523. He studied canon law at Salamanca, where his brother, Pedro de Castro Lemos, who later became bishop of Cuenca (1553–1561), was named cardinal on 15 December 1583, by Gregory XIII. His restless spirit led him to travel across Flanders, Portugal, France, Italy, and Germany (Farinelli indicates that the National Library of Spain, is the Daily Cardinal last trip, made in 1598, two years before his death, in order of Philip III of Spain, to receive the Archduchess Margaret of Austria, future queen of Spain.
The expedition had as its main supporter Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich and the expedition was associated with the politically significant marriage of Dom Pedro, and the Archduchess Leopoldine, Maria Leopoldina of Austria, von Metternich, Chancellor taking this opportunity to begin a comprehensive survey of the flora and fauna, culture, population, manufactures and other resources of Brazil. He undertook the planning and equipment of the expedition and decided on the route. Scientific planning was undertaken by Carl Franz von Schreibers. The contingent of fourteen naturalists included Johann Christian Mikan, Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius, Giuseppe Raddi, Heinrich Wilhelm Schott, Johann Baptist von Spix, Johann Baptist Emanuel Pohl, Johann Natterer, Ferdinand Dominik Sochor (Imperial hunter and a skilled taxidermist) and the naturalist artists Thomas Ender and Johann Buchberger.
Born as Archduchess María Teresa of Austria, Infanta of Spain at the Royal Monastery of El Escorial, María Teresa thus combined the blood of Philip III of Spain and Margarita of Austria, on her father's side, and that of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici, on her mother's side. In his turn, Philip III was the son of Philip II of Spain and Anna of Austria who was, herself, a daughter of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor and Maria of Spain. Philip II and Maria of Spain were siblings, being both children of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Isabella of Portugal. María Teresa, therefore, like many Habsburgs, was a product of years and generations of royal intermarriage between cousins.
Architect Francesco Maria Richini built the nucleus of the palazzo in the years 1642–1648 for Count Bartolomeo Arese, a member of the Arese family, one of the most influential Milanese families of the period, who became President of the Senate of Milan in 1660. Palazzo Litta thus became an important cultural centre. Grand parties held here over the years included receptions for Archduchess Mariana of Austria, for Margaret Theresa of Spain, for Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, for Maria Theresa of Austria, for Eugène de Beauharnais and for the arrival of Napoleon in Milan. Apart from its general plan, the principal features which remain essentially intact from the original seventeenth-century building are the piano nobile (although largely redecorated) and one of Richini’s courtyards.
Jacques de Lalaing son of Maximilien III de Lalaing Maximilien I Joseph, count de Lalaing, 10th Viscount of Audenaerde (+1756); married to Marie-Catherine de Larchier, Countess of ThildoncqNotice historique & généalogique sur la vicomté d'Audenarde /Désiré-Joseph Vander Meersch ##Charles II Joseph, count de Lalaing, 11th Viscount of Audenaerde and Count of Thildoncq, Married to Marie Camille de Beer.Notice historique & généalogique sur la vicomté d'Audenarde /Désiré-Joseph Vander Meersch ###Maximilien II Charles de Lalaing, 12th Viscount of Audenaerde, Count of Thildoncq; married to Anne-Marie de Draeck. ####Charles III Joseph de Lalaing, 1st Baron of Arquennes, (1768-1816) married to Henriette de Maldeghem #####Maximilien III de Lalaing (1811-1881) ######Charles Maximilien de Lalaing (1857-1919); diplomat. ######Jacques de Lalaing; sculptor ##Eugène-François de Lalaing d'Audenaerde ;Lord Chamberlain of the Archduchess.
Maria Amalia of Saxony depicted in Polish attire in 1738, Museo del Prado In 1738 Maria Amalia became engaged to Charles, King of Naples and Sicily, the future Charles III of Spain. The marriage was arranged by her future mother-in-law Elizabeth Farnese, after Elizabeth had failed to arrange a marriage of Charles to Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, and refused to agree to have him marry to Louise Élisabeth of France. The impenetrable secret negotiations had taken place earlier in Vienna, where the Dowager Empress Wilhelmina Amalia, grandmother of Maria Amalia, played an important part in the negotiations. The Spanish ambassador in Vienna, Count Fuenclara, acted on behalf of the courts of Madrid and Naples, while the Italian banker Giovanni Battista Bolza represented the interests of Dresden court.
Archduchess Maria Christina, by Martin van Meytens, 1750 The fifth child and fourth (but second surviving) daughter, Maria Christina was born on the 25th birthday of her mother, on 13 May 1742 at Vienna, Austria. The next day she was baptized in the Hofburg with the names Maria Christina Johanna Josepha Antonia; Christina was named after her grandmother Elisabeth Christine, Holy Roman Empress, however, at the Viennese court and her family she was always called Marie or Mimi. She was Maria Theresa's favourite child, as can be seen in the letters that the Empress wrote to her. Little is known about her early childhood. In a letter dated 22 March 1747 the Prussian ambassador in Vienna, Count Otto Christoph von Podewils, described the then five-year-old Maria Christina as pretty and witty.
1493/1495 The union was unhappy: shortly after the consummation of the marriage, Maximilian complained that Bianca may have been more beautiful than his first wife but was not as wise. It was impossible for the young bride to win the affection of her husband, who considered her too uneducated, talkative, naive, wasteful with money, and careless. He did wish to have children with her, but all their attempts failed: despite Bianca's several pregnancies, none produced a living child. She very much liked his two surviving legitimate children (Philip the Handsome, who married Joanna of Castile, and Archduchess Margaret of Austria, who first married John, Prince of Asturias, and later Philibert II, Duke of Savoy), but was criticized for forgetting her dignity when she sat on the floor with them to play.
His appointment to court painter of the Archdukes may have been related to his work on a commission by the government of Antwerp for the manufacture of a set of seven tapestry works, which were to serve as decorations on the occasion of the joyful entry in Antwerp of the Archdukes Albert and Isabella Clara Eugenia as the new governors of the Spanish Netherlands on 10 December 1599. The tapestries together with the cartoons painted by Snellinck were later gifted to the Archdukes.Tapestry in the Baroque: Threads of Splendor at the Metropolitan MuseumTriumphs and battles of Archduke Albert Series at Flemish tapestries in Spain The tapestries were then given by Archduke Albert to King Philip III before 1621 or sent to King Philip IV after the death of Archduchess Isabella in 1633.
In 1817, he accompanied the Archduchess Leopoldine to Brazil on the occasion of her marriage to Dom Pedro I, and then was chosen by his government to participate in the Austrian Brazil Expedition in charge of mineralogy and geology. After the return of Dr. Mikan to Europe, he was responsible for the botany collections as well. Pohl spent four years between 1817 and 1821 in Brazil, during which he explored mainly the provinces of Minas Gerais, Goias, Bahia; as well as the province of Rio de Janeiro as far as the District of Itha Grande. His voluminous collections, among them some 4000 specimens of plants, were housed with the rest of the expedition collections in the Brazil Museum of Vienna, which included also two live 'human specimens' − a pair of Botocudo tribespeople.
He was a younger son of King Augustus III of Poland (who was also Elector of Saxony) and Maria Josepha of Austria, a first cousin of Empress Maria Theresa, being the eldest daughter of Emperor Joseph I. Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen, was also one of the godparents to his namesake, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Young Albert was specifically chosen by Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria to be her husband. This was a special favour granted by her mother, Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, because marriages of imperial children were usually used for diplomatic purposes. Still, the betrothal and wedding had to wait until the death of her father, Emperor Francis I, and the wedding decorations were black because it occurred during the official mourning period after his death.
Expansion of the Graz-Danubius shipyards in Fiume delayed the launching and christening of Szent István until 17 January 1914. Though it was customary for either the Emperor or his heir to be present at the launching of a major warship, Franz Joseph was too feeble and his heir, Franz Ferdinand, refused to be there due to his anti-Hungarian attitudes. Franz Joseph sent a telegram of congratulations to avoid controversy, and the ceremony was presided over by Archduchess Maria Theresa who launched it with the words: "Slip out and may the protection of the Almighty be with you on all your ways!" Also present at the ceremony was Hungarian Prime Minister Tisza, Minister of Finance János Teleszky, and Minister to the Imperial Court Stephan Burián von Rajecz.
Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her favourite, John Acton, 6th Baronet, and the expulsion of Spanish influence. She was a proponent of enlightened absolutism until the advent of the French Revolution, when, in order to prevent its ideas gaining currency, she made Naples a police state. Born an Austrian archduchess, the thirteenth child of Empress Maria Theresa and Emperor Francis I, she married Ferdinand as part of an Austrian alliance with Spain, where Ferdinand's father was king.
Henry's councillors strongly opposed this idea, but the matter was resolved unexpectedly by Gabrielle's sudden death in the early hours of 10 April 1599, after she had given birth to a premature and stillborn son. His marriage to Margaret was annulled in 1599, and Henry married Marie de' Medici, daughter of Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Archduchess Joanna of Austria, in 1600.Vincent J. Pitts, Henri IV of France, his Reign and Age, (The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009), 229. For the royal entry of Marie into Avignon on 19 November 1600, the citizens bestowed on Henry the title of the Hercule Gaulois ("Gallic Hercules"), justifying the extravagant flattery with a genealogy that traced the origin of the House of Navarre to a nephew of Hercules' son Hispalus.
A View of the Abbey of Groenendael near Brussels in winter It is assumed that Isabella had a political motive in ordering the series of paintings of the Ommegang. As her husband was ailing and likely to die soon, she wanted to show the court in Spain that she was regarded by the inhabitants of the Spanish Netherlands as their 'natural princess' and should therefore by allowed to continue to rule the Spanish Netherlands after her husband’s death. For this reason, she sent some of the pictures of the Ommegang to the court in Spain. At the same time, the Brussels elites used the Ommegang for their own political purposes as it was a demonstration to the other sections of society in Brussels that they had the support of the Archduchess.
In the Chamber, the debate on the secret funds, marked by a notable speech by and an evasive response by the Justice Minister, , was concluded with a favorable vote for the government (251 votes to 99). On the other hand, the draft proposal on government bonds was easily postponed by the deputies on 22 March 1836, another sign that it had been only a pretext. Thiers' motivations for accepting the position of head of the government and taking the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as well were to enable him to negotiate the 's wedding with an Austrian archduchess. Since the , 's wedding (he had just reached 25) had become an obsession of the king, and wanted to effect a spectacular reversion of alliances in Europe, as had done before him.
By seizing northwestern Poland, Prussia instantly cut off Poland from the sea, and gained control of over 80% of the Commonwealth's total foreign trade. Through levying enormous custom duties, Prussia accelerated the inevitable collapse of the Polish–Lithuanian state. Despite token criticism of the partition from the Austrian archduchess, Empress Maria Theresa, Austrian statesman Wenzel Anton Graf Kaunitz considered the Austrian share an ample compensation; despite Austria being the least interested in the partition, it received the largest share of formerly Polish population, and second largest land share: and 2,650,000 people. Austria gained Zator and Auschwitz (Oświęcim), part of Little Poland embracing parts of the counties of Kraków and Sandomierz (with the rich salt mines of Bochnia and Wieliczka but not the city of Kraków itself), and the whole of Galicia.
The succession within these houses, in tandem with other historical events, would have later restored Lorraine's status as its own duchy, but a vacuum in leadership occurred. Its duke Francois Stephen de Lorraine (Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor) took the throne of the Holy Roman Empire, and his brother Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine became governor of the Austrian Netherlands. For political reasons, he decided to hide those heirs who were not born by his first wife, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, who was deceased when he took office. The vacuum in leadership, the French Revolution, and the political results and changes issuing from the many nationalistic wars that followed in the next 130 years, ultimately resulted in Lorraine becoming a permanent part of the modern Republic of France.
Napoleon in a rage sent in the middle of the night for Baron Denon, and commanded him to go instantly to Desnoyers and ask him to engrave the portrait of the future empress. "Round head, fair hair, high forehead," were the brief instructions sent to the artist, who worked day and night until, at the end of four days, a proof was ready for approval. The emperor thought it superb, and had already ordered its immediate publication, when he received a faithful miniature of the archduchess, which rendered an alteration of the plate imperative, for the face of the new empress, instead of being round, was a very elongated oval. Twenty impressions were made when Desnoyers again set to work, and the next day the authentic portrait of Marie Louise was in circulation throughout Paris.
His first major commission (1771–7) was the internal reconstruction of the monastery of Santa Scholastica at Subiaco. For the Venetian cardinal Rezzonico, the nephew of Pope Clement XIII, he designed a decor for a Music Room in the Campidoglio, and designs for Clement's tomb (later executed by Antonio Canova). His work in Italy and for English clients formed enough of a reputation that in 1779 he was selected by the Prussian- born count Rieffenstein, who had been commissioned by Catherine II of Russia to send her two Italian architects to replace her French ones (Loukomsky 1928). Despite having just designed a manege in Monaco and a dining hall for the Archduchess of Modena, 35-year-old Quarenghi seems to have felt himself underemployed, given the number of architects then working in Italy and the dearth of commissions from the church and nobility.
Family tree Maximilian Emanuel, who had married Archduchess Maria Antonia, the sole child of Emperor Leopold's Spanish marriage, was one of the more serious claimants to the Spanish inheritance of Charles II of Spain, and the birth of his son Joseph Ferdinand in October 1692 immediately created a new pretender to the Spanish throne. In October 1698, William III of England and Louis XIV of France concluded the First Partition Treaty, which gave the Spanish crown with the Indies to Joseph Ferdinand, Milan to Emperor Joseph's younger son Archduke Charles, and the rest of Spanish Italy to France. The unexpected death of Joseph Ferdinand four months later voided this plan and in the Second Partition Treaty, the Bavarian portion of the inheritance was allotted to Archduke Charles.Joachim Whaley, Germany and the Holy Roman Empire, volume II, Oxford University Press, 2012, p. 108–109.
Maria Theresa of Austria , by Martin van Meytens Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI of Habsburg died in 1740 without a male heir; he was succeeded by his eldest daughter, who became ruler of the Archduchy of Austria, as well as of the Bohemian and Hungarian lands within the Habsburg Monarchy, as Archduchess Maria Theresa. During Emperor CharlesVI's lifetime, this female succession was generally acknowledged by the imperial states, but when he died it was promptly contested by several parties. The newly crowned King FrederickII of Prussia took this Austrian succession crisis as an opportunity to press his dynasty's territorial claims in the Habsburg crown land of Silesia, invading in December 1740 and beginning the First Silesian War. After early Prussian successes, other powers were emboldened to attack the beleaguered Habsburg realm, widening the conflict into what became the War of the Austrian Succession.
Patinated and ormolu Empire timepiece representing Mars and Venus, an allegory of the wedding of Napoleon I and Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria in 1810. By the famous bronzier Pierre- Philippe Thomire, ca. 1810. The Candelabro Trivulzio in the Milan Cathedral, a seven-branch bronze candlestick measuring 5 meters in height, has a base and lower part decorated with intricately designed ornament which is considered by many to be French work of the 13th century; the upper part with the branches was added in the second half of the 16th century. A portion of a similar object showing the same intricate decoration existed formerly at Reims, but was unfortunately destroyed during World War I. In the 16th century the names of Germain Pilon and Jean Goujon are sufficient evidence of the ability to work in bronze.
Born at the Hofburg Imperial Palace in Vienna, she was the third surviving daughter of Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor, later Francis I of Austria after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, and his wife Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily. Maria Clementina Francesca as a child Maria Clementina was a younger sister of Marie Louise, Empress of France, Ferdinand I of Austria, and Maria Leopoldina, Empress of Brazil. She was also an older sister of Marie Caroline, Crown Princess of Saxony, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria, and Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria. Through her sister, Marie Louise, she was a sister-in-law of Napoleon I of France; through Maria Leopoldina a sister-in-law of Peter I of Brazil (IV of Portugal); through Marie Caroline a sister-in-law of Frederick Augustus II of Saxony.
During the reign of Sigismund III, the Commonwealth reached its maximum extent after the Truce of Deulino Inclined to form an alliance with the Habsburgs (and even give up the Polish crown to pursue his ambitions in Sweden), Sigismund conducted secret negotiations with them and married Archduchess Anna. Accused by Zamoyski of breaking his covenants, Sigismund III was humiliated during the sejm of 1592, which deepened his resentment of szlachta. Sigismund was bent on strengthening the power of the monarchy and Counter-Reformational promotion of the Catholic Church (Piotr Skarga was among his supporters). Indifferent to the increasingly common breaches of the Warsaw Confederation religious protections and instances of violence against the Protestants, the King was opposed by religious minorities. Stanisław Żółkiewski 1605–1607 brought fruitless confrontation between King Sigismund with his supporters and the coalition of opposition nobility.
Marie-Adélaïde (Marie Adelheid Thérèse Hilda Wilhelmine; 14 June 1894 – 24 January 1924), reigned as Grand Duchess of Luxembourg from 1912 until her abdication in 1919. She was the first Grand Duchess regnant of Luxembourg (after five grand dukes), its first female monarch since Duchess Maria Theresa (1740–1780, who was also Austrian Archduchess and Holy Roman Empress) and the first Luxembourgish monarch to be born within the territory since Count John the Blind (1296–1346). Named as heir presumptive by her father Grand Duke William IV in 1907 to prevent a succession crisis due to his lack of a son, Marie-Adélaïde became Grand Duchess in 1912. She ruled through the First World War, and her perceived support for the German occupation forces led to great unpopularity in Luxembourg as well as neighbouring France and Belgium.
At birth, her full name and style was "Her Imperial and Royal Highness Luise Antoinette Maria Theresia Josepha Johanna Leopoldine Caroline Ferdinande Alice Ernestine, Archduchess and Princess of Austria, Princess of Hungary, Bohemia and Croatia".Rivista Araldica, anno 1913, volume 11, pagina 381, Roma, Collegio Araldico: "Da informazione ufficiale assunta a Vienna togliamo quanto segue" A Sua Altezza IR il defunto Granduca Ferdinando IV di Toscana era stato permesso dall'Impero austro-ungarico e dagli Stati dell'Impero germanico, di conferire i tre Ordini toscani, inerenti alla Sovranità, che anche spodestato, rhyme all'Augusto principle fino alla sua morte. Il titolo di Principe di Toscana fu solo autorizzato ai membri della famiglia granducale nati prima del 1866. Dopo la morte del Granduca (1908) tutti gli augusti figli del defunto dovettero solemnly rinunciare ad ogni qualsiasi diritto di cui personalmente ed eccezionalmente godeva il padre.
In 1911, it was rumored among French circles that Germany planned to install Maximilian as Imperial Governor of Alsace-Lorraine. Following the assassination of his parents in Sarajevo in 1914, which resulted in the outbreak of World War I, Maximilian, his sister, Princess Sophie and their brother, Prince Ernst, were initially taken in by their maternal aunt and uncle Marie and Jaroslav, Prince and Princess von Thun und Hohenstein, subsequently being raised in the care of their step- grandmother, Archduchess Maria-Theresa of Austria. In 1919, following the defeat of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and collapse of the Habsburg monarchy, the new republic of Czechoslovakia expropriated Konopiště Castle, Maximilian's chief residence, and other family properties in the former Kingdom of Bohemia, and expelled the brothers to Austria. Subsequently, they lived in Vienna and at Artstetten Castle in Lower Austria.
Princess Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta of Saxony, Duchess of Saxony (Full German name: Prinzessin Anna Maria Maximiliane Stephania Karoline Johanna Luisa Xaveria Nepomucena Aloysia Benedicta von Sachsen, Herzogin zu Sachsen; born 4 January 1836 in Dresden, Kingdom of Saxony; died 10 February 1859 in Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies) was the seventh child and fourth eldest daughter of John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria and a younger sister of Albert of Saxony and George of Saxony. Through her marriage to Archduke Ferdinand, Grand Prince of Tuscany, Anna was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and an Archduchess and Princess of Austria and Princess of Hungary, Croatia, Bohemia, and Tuscany. Ann died shortly before her husband succeeded his father as Grand Duke of Tuscany.
Marie-Thérèse died of pneumonia on 19 October 1851, three days after the fifty-eighth anniversary of the execution of her mother. She was buried next to her uncle/father-in-law, Charles X, and her husband, Louis XIX, in the crypt of the Franciscan monastery church of Castagnavizza in Görz, then in Austria, now Kostanjevica in the Slovenian city of Nova Gorica. Like her deceased uncle, Marie-Thérèse had remained a devout Roman Catholic. Later, her nephew Henri, the comte de Chambord, last male of the senior line of the House of Bourbon; his wife, the comtesse de Chambord (formerly the Archduchess Marie-Thérèse of Austria-Este, daughter of Duke Francis IV of Modena and his wife, Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy); and the comte's only sister, Louise, Duchess of Parma, were also laid to rest in the crypt in Görz.
Exiled for over a decade, Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia regain possession of his territories only on 20 May 1814, restoring the institutions existing before the Napoleonic rule. The corps of the Body Guards was re-established with the same dimension it originally had. On the following 13 July, the King established the "Corps of Royal Carabinieri" (Corpo dei Carabinieri Reali) with the occasional tasks of “escorting royals” (initially belonging to the Body Guards), along with the law enforcement and public security purposes according to the Royal Licences (Patenti Reali). Reforms of Charles Albert of Sardinia (1834-1849) reduced the personnel and competences of Body Guards while giving a greater relevance to the Carabinieri, who were also designated to form a mounted squadron of honour for the wedding of the Crown Prince Victor Emmanuel II with the Archduchess Adelaide of Austria in 1842.
Maria Theresa of Spain (; ; 10 September 1638 - 30 July 1683), was by birth Infanta of Spain and Portugal (until 1640) and Archduchess of Austria as member of the Spanish branch of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Queen of France. Her marriage in 1660 to King Louis XIV, her cousin, was made with the purpose of ending the lengthy war between France and Spain. Famed for her virtue and piety, she saw five of her six children die in early childhood, and is frequently viewed as an object of pity in historical accounts of her husband's reign, since she was often neglected by the court. Without any political influence in the French court or government (except briefly in 1672, when she was named regent during her husband's absence during the Franco-Dutch War),Marie-Thérèse d’Autriche in: www.chateauversailles.
Dona Paula (17 February 1823 – 16 January 1833) was a princess of the Empire of Brazil and thus, a member of the Brazilian branch of the Portuguese House of Braganza. Her parents were Emperor Dom Pedro I, the first ruler of an independent Brazil, and Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria. Born in Rio de Janeiro, Paula was the couple's third child; she lost her mother at the age of three and her father at the age of eight, when he abdicated and left Brazil for Portugal, where he wanted to restore the throne of Paula's eldest sister, Maria da Glória, who should have become queen regnant of Portugal. After her mother's death, Paula and her siblings were mainly raised by a slave, a wet- nurse and a statesman whom Pedro I had appointed to take care of his five children.
The 25-year-old Eilika wore gold and pearl Oldenburg family tiara, a high-necked white dress, along with a veil worn by her great-grandmother Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in 1896. The ceremony was broadcast live on Hungarian television; roughly 2,000 Hungarian citizens and tourists gathered outside the church to witness the wedding. Their wedding was the first union between the Catholic Habsburgs and Lutheran Oldenburgs in their families' histories (Archduchess Isabella of Austria married Oldenburg King Christian II of Denmark before the Reformation) and the first marriage between members of the houses of Habsburg and Oldenburg since the wedding of Archduke Joseph and Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia, herself a member of the house of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, a branch of the Oldenburgs. It was also the second time that a Habsburg was married in Hungary since the fall of communism in 1989.
However, Karl faced determined opponents on two sides – Prince Metternich, who did not want to repeat his error in marrying Marie Louise to Napoléon I, and Archduchess Sophie, a Bavarian princess and sister-in-law of the new Kaiser Ferdinand I, who dominated the Vienna court with her strong personality, and was awaiting her son Franz-Josef's ascent to the imperial throne. France's ambassador to Vienna, the Count of Sainte-Aulaire, who had been put in charge of preparing the ground for an Austrian match, felt the possibility was difficult if not completely impossible. The new President of the Conseil, Adolphe Thiers, dreamed of concluding such a match and becoming a new Duke of Choiseul as the maker of a spectacular reversal in the alliances of Europe. Ferdinand Philippe and his younger brother, the Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours, set out on a European tour on 2 May 1836.
With the death of his 79-year-old grandfather in 1836 and of his uncle in 1844, young Henri became the genealogically senior claimant to the French throne. His supporters were called Legitimists to distinguish them from the Orléanists, the supporters of the family of Louis Philippe. Henri, who preferred the courtesy title of comte de Chambord (from the château de Chambord, which had been presented to him by the Restoration government, and which was the only significant piece of personal property of which he was allowed to retain ownership upon his exile), continued his claim to the throne throughout the July Monarchy of Louis Philippe, the Second Republic, the Second Empire of Napoléon III, and the Third Republic. In November 1846, the comte de Chambord married his second cousin Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, daughter of Duke Francis IV of Modena and Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy.
Nephew of Maria's mother (queen Maria Amalia), he was thus also half-brother to the duchesse de Berry, born by Francis I's first marriage to archduchess Maria Clementina of Austria, and mother of the Legitimist pretender to the throne of France, the duc de Bordeaux. However, following the uprisings which afflicted France in April 1834, the court of Naples demanded that Marie immediately receive the part of the Orléans family fortune which was due to her by the "donation- partage" Louis-Philippe had made among his children on 7 August 1830 on the eve on his accession to the throne. Louis-Philippe judged this demand unreasonable, and the marriage proceedings came to an end. On 17 October 1837, Marie d'Orléans married Prince Alexander of Württemberg (1804–1881), son of Duke Alexander of Württemberg (1771–1833) and his wife Antoinette of Saxe- Coburg-Saalfeld (1779–1824).
Maria de' Medici as a child. Currently at the Palazzo Pitti, Florence. Born at the Palazzo Pitti of Florence, Italy on 26 April 1575,The History of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, by Jacopo Riguccio Galluzzi and published in 1781, mentions Maria's birth date as 26 April 1573, which has since been used by all her later biographers. Recent searches have made it possible to find the baptismal certificate of Maria de' Medici, who correctly established her birth date as 26 April 1575 and consequently correct an error perpetuated for over two centuries. See Dubost 2009, pp. 48–-49, which refers to a communication by Maria Fubini Leuzzi entitled Maria dei Medici. La costruzione di una regina : dall infanzia al matrimonio au colloque Medici Women as Cultural Mediators (1533-1743) (Florence, 2008). Maria was the sixth daughter of Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Archduchess Joanna of Austria.
On the bride's side, the guests included Princess Vera of Russia (her brother-in-law Prince Teymuraz's maternal aunt), Count Hilarion Woronzow-Dashkow, a distant cousin, the bride's brother Alexander Czernichev-Besobrasov, and his wife. Countess Xenia Czernichev-Besobrasov was one of the first non-royal brides to marry into the former Imperial House of Austria in what would be accepted as an equal marriage, despite the relative obscurity of her father's family and the recentness of his title. The Habsburg house laws had been changed by former Crown Prince Otto of Austria in 1953 to permit archdukes to marry outside ruling and formerly reigning houses for the first time, permitting cadet archdukes to marry into increasingly minor noble houses. She was the second Russian Orthodox royal bride to become an archduchess of Austria, the first being Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia, first wife of Archduke Joseph, Palatine of Hungary.
The princess spent most of her time in the Viennese court, not with her husband, but with his sister, Archduchess Maria Christina, who later became, by marriage, Duchess of Saxony-Teschen. The two women seemed to have had a romantic lesbian affair.Simon Sebag Montefiore,Catherine the Great and Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair, London, 2010Justin C. Vovk,In Destiny's Hands: Five Tragic Rulers, Children of Maria Theresa, USA, 2010 During the few years Isabella and Christina knew each other, they exchanged 200 letters and "billets" while living at the same court. Archives Nationales de Vienne, Autriche; Der Gruftwächter, play by Kafka; Simon Sebag Montefiore,Catherine the Great and Potemkin: The Imperial Love Affair, London, 2010Justin C. Vovk,In Destiny's Hands: Five Tragic Rulers, Children of Maria Theresa, USA, 2010 They spent so much time together that they earned the comparison with Orpheus and Eurydice.
Travels in Brazil, in the years 1817–1820 Martius and Spix, accompanied by Johann Christian Mikan who was with his wife and the artist Thomas Ender travelled to Brazil with the Austrian Commission, which joined the wedding train of Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria and Dom Pedro de Alcantara, the future Emperor of Brazil. The party left from Trieste on 10 April 1817. The first natural history collections were made in the city of Rio de Janeiro at Laranjeiras, Corcovado, Aqueduto, Fonte da Carioca, Tijuca, Botafogo, Jardim Botanico) immediately following the wedding. Spix and Martius then spent some days at "Fazenda Mandioca" with Grigori Ivanovitch Langsdorff and then went to a fazenda near Rio Paraiba before returning to Rio. A mounted expedition took them on horseback to Itaguaí (13 December 1817) through São Paulo state to the city of São Paulo where they arrived on 31 December 1817.
Leopold Mozart, who was anxious to extend Wolfgang's musical education in Italy In November 1766, the Mozart family returned to Salzburg after a three-and-a-half year "grand tour" of the major Northern European cities, begun when Wolfgang was seven and Nannerl twelve. This tour had largely achieved Leopold's objective to demonstrate his children's talents to the wider world and advance their musical education. A stay in Vienna beginning in 1767 proved less happy: an outbreak of smallpox, which led to the death of the Archduchess Maria Josepha of Austria, prevented the children from performing in the imperial court and forced the family to seek refuge in Bohemia, a move which did not prevent Wolfgang from contracting the disease.Sadie, pp. 132–34 They returned to Vienna in January 1768, but by now the children were no longer young enough to cause a sensation in their public concerts.
On 1 June 1592, Zamoyski formed a confederation at Jędrzejów (Latin: Andreiow), which was better attended than the wedding feast in honour of Sigismund's young Austrian bride the Archduchess Anne, who made her state entry into Kraków amidst great rejoicings at the end of May. All of the nobility, nearly all the senators of Greater and Lesser Poland, and the majority of Lithuanians acceded to the Chancellor. At the sitting of the "Inquisition Sejm" in Warsaw (7 August), which was summoned by the King to inquire into all grievances and thoroughly sift the so-called "Austrian cabals", Zamoyski was once more formidable. Sigismund, supported by the Primate of Poland Stanisław Karnkowski, had still enough authority to halt the sitting, but the young Queen's mother, the shrewd and sensible Maria Anna of Bavaria, who had accompanied her daughter to Kraków, decided that Zamoyski was too influential to be set aside.
The recent Koliyivschyna peasant and Cossack uprising in Ukraine also weakened the Polish position. Further, the Russian-supported Polish king, Stanisław August Poniatowski, was seen as both weak and too independent-minded; eventually the Russian court decided that the usefulness of Poland as a protectorate had diminished. The three powers officially justified their actions as a compensation for dealing with a troublesome neighbor and restoring order to Polish anarchy (the Bar Confederation provided a convenient excuse); in fact all three were interested in territorial gains. Caricature of Catherine II of Russia, a drawing from Silva Rerum diary for the years 1768-1772 concerning the Bar Confederation After Russia occupied the Danubian Principalities, Henry convinced Frederick and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria that the balance of power would be maintained by a tripartite division of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth instead of Russia taking land from the Ottomans.
Further, the Russian- supported Polish king, Stanisław August Poniatowski, was seen as both weak and too independent-minded; eventually the Russian court decided that the usefulness of Poland as a protectorate had diminished. The three powers officially justified their actions as a compensation for dealing with a troublesome neighbor and restoring order in Poland through military intervention (the Bar Confederation provided a convenient excuse); in fact all three were interested in territorial gains. The First Partition of Poland (1772) After Russia occupied the Danubian Principalities, Henry convinced Frederick and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria that the balance of power would be maintained by a tripartite division of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth instead of Russia taking land from the Ottomans. Under pressure from Prussia, which for a long time wanted to annex the northern Polish province of Royal Prussia, the three powers agreed on the First Partition of Poland.
His father soon began diplomatic efforts to seek a bride: Archduchess Mariana of Austria, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III and his paternal aunt, Maria Anna, and therefore his cousin, being chosen; they were betrothed in 1646. Another cousin, the daughter of his mother's sister, Henrietta Maria and her husband, King Charles I of England, Mary, Princess Royal, was also proposed as a potential bride - but was turned down on grounds of religion. After the Catalan revolt of 1640, Philip IV tried to win over Aragon to raise money and men for the new war front. One of the steps taken towards this end was to bring the Prince Balthasar Charles to be sworn as crown prince of the Kingdom of Aragón. The oath was held on 20 August 1645, when the prince was sixteen years old, in the Cathedral of the Savior, Zaragoza.
The ensuing Third Silesian War (1754–1763, part of the larger Seven Years' War) was indecisive, and its end saw Prussia holding onto Silesia, despite Russia, France, and Austria all combining against him, and with only Hanover as a significant ally on land. The end of the war saw Austria, poorly prepared at its start, exhausted. Austria continued the alliance with France (cemented in 1770 with the marriage of Maria Theresa's daughter Archduchess Maria Antonia to the Dauphin), but also facing a dangerous situation in Central Europe, faced with the alliance of Frederick the Great of Prussia and Catherine the Great of Russia. The Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 caused a serious crisis in east-central Europe, with Prussia and Austria demanding compensation for Russia's gains in the Balkans, ultimately leading to the First Partition of Poland in 1772, in which Maria Theresa took Galicia from Austria's traditional ally.
The Family of the Duke of Savoy in 1760, Giuseppe Duprà # Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (24 May 1751 - 6 October 1819) married Princess Marie Clotilde of France in 1775, no issue. # Maria Elisabetta Carlotta of Savoy (16 July 1752 - 17 April 1755) died in infancy. # Maria Giuseppina of Savoy (2 September 1753 - 13 November 1810) married Louis Stanislas, Count of Provence in 1771, no issue. # Amadeus Alexander of Savoy (5 October 1754 - 29 April 1755) died in infancy. # Maria Teresa of Savoy (31 January 1756 - 2 June 1805) married Charles, Count of Artois in 1773, had issue. # Maria Anna of Savoy (17 December 1757 - 11 October 1824) married Prince Benedetto of Savoy in 1775, no issue. # Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (24 July 1759 - 10 January 1824) married Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este in 1789, had issue. # Maria Cristina Ferdinanda of Savoy (21 November 1760 - 19 May 1768) died in infancy.
Schloss Eggenberg Arms of Prince Johann Anton I of Eggenberg It was the younger cousin of Ruprecht, Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg, from the main Graz line who brought the family to their ultimate prominence. Graz was the seat of power for the Habsburg archdukes of Inner Austria from 1564–1619. It was during this period that Hans Ulrich, having received a very good Protestant education at the Tübinger Stift, converted to Catholicism in order to serve his lord, Archduke Ferdinand. In 1619, at the onset of The Thirty Years War, Archduke Ferdinand was elected Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and, owing to his own faith and the strong influence of his devoted mother, Archduchess Maria Anna of Bavaria he prosecuted the Counter-Reformation in the Habsburg hereditary lands and the Holy Roman Empire which led to the Thirty Years War between Protestant and Catholic Princes in the Empire as well as the House of Habsburg and the House of Bourbon.
Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este He also painted a large historical canvas, La disfatta di Ezzelino da Romano, that was awarded the main prize at the 1862 Florentine exhibition. Among other works, he painted a St Jerome for the church of Cadecoppi, in Camposanto, province of Modena; an altarpiece of the Madonna enthroned with four saints for the church of Ponzano Bolognese; Agar in the Desert; a Supper at Emmaus for the parish church of Legnago; a Glory of St Joseph for a church of Verona; a Mystical Marriage of St Catherine for the church of San Carlo in Modena; Mysteries of the Passion in eight paintings, half frescoes and half oil canvas for the Collegio di San Carlo of Modena. In the church of San Domenico he painted a fresco for the cupola, depicting a St Dominic, who emerges from heaven, surrounded by angels. He also painted genre works, including: a Frutlivendola; a Servetta, il Pifferaio, and il Buon Augurio.
As one of her first acts, Marie reconfirmed Henri IV's Edict of Nantes, which ordered religious tolerance for Protestants in France while asserting the supremacy of the Roman Catholic Church. To further consolidate her authority as Regent of the Kingdom of France, Marie decided to impose the strict protocol from the court of Spain. An avid ballet performer and art collector, she deployed artistic patronage that helped develop the arts in France. Daughter of a Habsburg archduchess, the Queen-Regent abandoned the traditional anti-Habsburg French foreign policy (one of her first acts was the overturn of the Treaty of Bruzolo, an alliance signed between Henry IV's representatives and Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy), and formed an alliance with Habsburg Spain which culminated in 1615 with the double marriage of her daughter Elisabeth and her son Louis XIII with the two children of King Philip III of Spain, Philip, Prince of Asturias (future Philip IV) and Anne of Austria, respectively.
He was born in Liège, Belgium, to Antoine, comte de Mercy-Argenteau, and entered the diplomatic service of Austria in Paris in the train of Reichsfürst Kaunitz. He became Austrian minister in Turin at the court of King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia, in St. Petersburg at the court of Catherine the Great, and then Paris at the court of King Louis XV of France in 1766. In Paris, his first work was to strengthen the alliance between France and Austria, which was cemented in 1770 by the marriage of the dauphin, afterwards Louis XVI, with Archduchess Maria Antonia of Austria, youngest daughter of Empress Maria Theresa, afterwards known as Queen Marie Antoinette. When Louis and Marie Antoinette ascended the throne of France in 1774, Mercy-Argenteau became one of the most powerful personages at the French court due to his influence over Marie-Antoinette, which made her unpopular with the French nobility and French people.
Duke of Santángelo () is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1497 by the Catholic Monarchs to "El Gran Capitán" (Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba), a general who negotiated the Surrender of Granada and led the Spanish to victory in the Italian Wars.Search of title "Santángelo, duque de" It is a victory title, making reference to the town of Città Sant'Angelo in the Province of Pescara, Italy. The title became extinct after the death of the 3rd Duke in 1578 and was rehabilitated in 1918 by Alfonso XIII on behalf of María de la Soledad Osorio de Moscoso, the most legitimate descendant of the last Duke and a great-grandchild of Infanta Luisa Teresa of Spain. The current Duke, Luis María de Casanova-Cárdenas, is married to Archduchess Monika of Austria (his fifth cousin once-removed), the second child of Otto von Habsburg, crown prince of Austria, and Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen.
The House of Habsburg-Lorraine () originated from the marriage in 1736 of Francis III, Duke of Lorraine and Bar, and Maria Theresa of Austria, later successively Queen of Bohemia, Queen of Hungary and Archduchess of Austria. Its members are the legitimate surviving line of the House of Habsburg and the House of Lorraine, inheriting their patrimonial possessions and vocation to the Empire from the female descendants of the House of Habsburg and the male line of the House of Lorraine. The House of Habsburg takes its name from Habsburg Castle, a fortress built in the 1020s by Count Radbot of Klettgau in Aargau, present-day Switzerland. His grandson, Otto II, was the first to take on the name of the fortress as his own, adding Graf von Habsburg ("Count of Habsburg") to his title. The House of Habsburg gathered dynastic momentum during the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries, and in 1273, Radbot's seventh- generation descendant Rudolph of Habsburg became Roman-German King.
Three-year-old Maria Theresa in the gardens of Hofburg Palace The second and eldest surviving child of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI and Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick- Wolfenbüttel, Archduchess Maria Theresa was born on 13 May 1717 in Vienna, a year after the death of her elder brother, Archduke Leopold, and was baptised on that same evening. The dowager empresses, her aunt Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg and grandmother Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg, were her godmothers. Most descriptions of her baptism stress that the infant was carried ahead of her cousins, Maria Josepha and Maria Amalia, the daughters of Charles VI's elder brother and predecessor, Joseph I, before the eyes of their mother, Wilhelmine Amalia. It was clear that Maria Theresa would outrank them, even though their grandfather, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, had his sons sign the Mutual Pact of Succession, which gave precedence to the daughters of the elder brother.
The Franciscan friar who had assisted Joan in the foundation, Gilbert Nicolas, O.F.M. (whose name was changed by Brief of Pope Alexander to Gabriel Maria) was appointed Superior of the monastery by her, and, after revising the Constitutions of the Order, presented them for confirmation in 1517 to Pope Leo X, who then placed the Order under the jurisdiction of the Friars Minor. Under Nicholas' guidance, new monasteries of the Order were founded in Albi (1507), Béthune (1516), Bruges (1517), Rodez (1519), Bordeaux (1520), Chanteloup (1529), and Louvain (1530). The rapid expansion of the Order was due primarily to the patronage of the Archduchess Margaret of Austria, who had been betrothed in her infancy to the future King Charles VIII of France and brought up at the French royal court. When she became Governor of the Netherlands, she showed great interest in the Franciscan Order and the Order founded by Joan, whom she had known personally.
The castle is representative of the interior of a nobleman's summer residence of the 18th century. It features many original elements such as the impressive main hall with wall paintings by Frans Snyders and a ceiling covered by Louis XV frescoes, or the chapel with its Regency wooden panelling and its Baroque altar. The rooms contain the ancient furniture of the Dukes of Beaufort-Spontin as well as traces of history left by royal guests (Louis XIV of France, Archduchess Maria-Christina, eldest child of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria, King Stanislas I), and the living memory of 20 generations, among which is a delightful children's coach (18th century) that won the first prize at Paris World Exhibition (1889). At Freÿr the Coffee Treaty or Treaty of Freÿr (1675) between France and Spain was signed, and the Treaty of the Borders between France and the Prince-Bishopric of Liège (1772) was negotiated.
The Family of the Duke of Savoy in 1760, Giuseppe Duprà # Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (24 May 1751 – 6 October 1819) married Princess Marie Clotilde of France in 1773, no issue. # Maria Elisabetta Carlotta of Savoy (16 July 1752 – 17 April 1753) died in infancy. # Maria Giuseppina Luigia of Savoy (2 September 1753 – 13 November 1810) married Louis Stanislas, Count of Provence in 1771, no issue. # Amadeo Alexander (5 October 1754 – 29 April 1755) died in infancy. # Maria Teresa of Savoy (31 January 1756 – 2 June 1805) married Charles, Count of Artois in 1773, had issue. # Maria Ana Carolina Gabriella of Savoy (17 December 1757 – 11 October 1824) married Prince Benedetto of Savoy in 1775, no issue. # Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (24 July 1759 – 10 January 1824) married Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria-Este in 1789, had issue. # Maria Cristina Ferdinanda of Savoy (21 November 1760 – 19 May 1768) died in infancy.
The emperor ordered that the bodies of two persons who had died before the Imperial Crypt opened be brought to the Ducal Crypt instead. Another person, Empress Eleanor, would normally have been entitled to space in the Imperial Crypt, but because her husband was not buried there either, her body was sent to the Ducal Crypt. It is probably around this time that the body of Duke Albert VI was removed to make room for others, and that the body whose sarcophagus is inscribed with only the year and name of the parents arrived. Identified through other evidence as one-year-old Anna of Lorraine, it is known that her brother Charles V, Duke of Lorraine married Archduchess Eleanora Maria Josepha (1653–1697) (widowed Queen of Poland and daughter of Emperor Ferdinand III) in 1678, and that marriage may have some connection with this non-Habsburg being brought here, but the exact reason is unclear.
The three powers officially justified their actions as a compensation for dealing with troublesome neighbor and restoring order to Polish anarchy (the Bar Confederation provided a convenient excuse); in fact all three were interested in territorial gains. After Russia occupied the Danubian Principalities, Henry convinced Frederick and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria that the balance of power would be maintained by a tripartite division of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth instead of Russia taking land from the Ottomans. Under pressure from Prussia, which for a long time wanted to annex the northern Polish province of Royal Prussia, the three powers agreed on the First Partition of Poland. This was in light of the possible Austrian-Ottoman -Bar confederation alliance with only token objections from Austria, which would have instead preferred to receive more Ottoman territories in the Balkans, a region which for a long time had been coveted by the Habsburgs, including Bukovina.
Bowl Mounted with Two Fish; bowl: 1730–1740, fishes: early 18th century, mounts: 1745–1749; porcelain with glaze monochrome turquoise/light blue and French ormolu mounts; 18.7 cm; Walters Art Museum (Baltimore, US) Patinated and ormolu Empire timepiece representing Mars and Venus, an allegory of the wedding of Napoleon I and Archduchess Marie Louise of Austria in 1810; by the famous bronzier Pierre-Philippe Thomire; circa 1810; gilded bronze and patina; height: 90 cm; Louvre The manufacture of true ormolu employs a process known as mercury- gilding or fire-gilding, in which a solution of mercuric nitrate is applied to a piece of copper, brass, or bronze; followed by the application of an amalgam of gold and mercury. The item is then exposed to extreme heat until the mercury vaporizes and the gold remains, adhering to the metal object. This process has generally been supplanted by the electroplating of gold over a nickel substrate, which is more economical and less dangerous.
His/Her Imperial Highness (abbreviation HIH) is a style used by members of an imperial family to denote imperial - as opposed to royal - status to show that the holder in question is descended from an Emperor rather than a King (compare His/Her Royal Highness). The first dynasty to use the style in Europe on the generic basis were the Romanovs in the eighteenth century; the archdukes and archduchess of the House of Habsburg were only styled as Royal Highness given the officially elective nature of the Holy Roman Empire. With the establishment of the Austrian Empire in 1804, the style of members of its imperial family changed to Imperial Highness. Following the Austro-Hungarian compromise with its creation of two intertwined but distinct states, the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary, the style was changed to Imperial and Royal Highness to reflect the double role; however, the colloquialism of omitting "and Royal" was acceptable even for the most formal occasions.
See , for a discussion of Da Ponte's vague specification, including a theory about why it is so vague that is based on suspiciously archaic cultural references incompatible with the modern city of Seville as it existed in Da Ponte's day. According to some sources, Giacomo Casanova assisted in the writing."When Casanova Met Mozart" by Tony Perrottet, Smithsonian, 21 March 2012 Don Giovanni was originally to have been performed on 14 October 1787 for a visit to Prague of the Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, niece of the Emperor Joseph II, and her new husband, Prince Anthony of Saxony; however, the production could not be prepared in time and Le nozze di Figaro was substituted instead on the order of the emperor himself.Mozart's letter sent to Gottfried von Jacquin, dated 15 October The score was completed on 28 or 29 October 1787 after Da Ponte was recalled to Vienna to work on another opera.
On 21 April 1789, he married Archduchess Maria Teresa of Austria-Este, daughter of Ferdinand, Duke of Modena (who was the son of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor). They had six daughters and one son who died very young: # Maria Beatrice Victoria Josepha of Savoy (December 6, 1792–September 15, 1840), married her uncle Francis IV, Archduke of Austria and Duke of Modena # Maria Adelaide Clothilde Xaveria Borbonia of Savoy (October 1, 1794–August 2, 1795) # Charles Emanuel (September 3, 1796–August 9, 1799) died of smallpox. # A daughter (1800–1801) # Maria Teresa Fernanda Felicitas Gaetana Pia of Savoy (September 19, 1803–July 16, 1879), married Charles II, Duke of Parma (1799–1883) # Maria Anna Ricarda Carlotta Margherita Pia of Savoy (September 19, 1803–May 4, 1884), married Ferdinand I of Austria # Maria Cristina Carlotta Giuseppina Gaetana Elise of Savoy (November 14, 1812–January 21, 1836), married Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies As a descendant of Henrietta of England he carried the Jacobite claim to the thrones of England and Scotland.
After that, he settled in Vienna, where he obtained, through his father, the special permission of Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria to join the Austro-Hungarian Navy.Lessa, 131 Having conducted the entrance examinations, Prince Augusto was admitted to the Austrian naval reserve without prejudice to his status as a Brazilian citizen, as he explained in a letter dated May 6, 1893 to Baron of Estrela, his attorney in Brazil: Prince Augusto Leopoldo of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza with his wife, the Archduchess Carolina Maria of Austria-Tuscany, and three of his children (from left): Princess Clementina, Princess Maria and Prince Augustus, c. 1900 In the service of the Austrian Navy (where he obtained the patent of Kapitän zur See, equivalent to sea-captain), Augusto had the opportunity to visit other countries, where he continued to be received with the deference reserved for members of ruling houses. In 1897, on board the armored bodyguard Wien, he visited Portugal, where he was received by King Carlos I, and Great Britain, where he was received more than once by Queen Victoria.
When the widowed Sigismund III Vasa married princess Constance, an Austrian archduchess from the House of Habsburg, in 1605, he presented the town of Piła, together with the lands of the domain of Ujście, as a wedding gift to his new bride. She became responsible for changing Piła in several ways over the next few decades. Acting in concert with the tenets of the prevailing Catholic Counter Reformation, the queen first attended to what seemed closest to her heart. She saw to it that numerous Protestant churches in the region of Wałcz, the most German of areas where seventeen Protestant villages existed, be handed over to the Roman Catholic clergy, hounding many a German Protestant burgher in the process. Birthplace of Stanisław Staszic, a leading figure of Polish Enlightenment After one of the town's frequent fires in 1619, the queen — in a benevolent gesture and as her ‘present’ to the burghers of Piła — appropriated funds from the large estate to have the old burnt-out wooden Catholic Church rebuilt.
Maximilian did not hesitate to defend the heritage of his wife, culminating in the 1479 Battle of Guinegate, where he defeated the troops of King Louis XI. However, after Mary of Burgundy died on 27 March 1482, leaving the inheritance of her father to Philip, their son, Maximilian had to cope with difficulties to prevail as an accepted regent for their son. To settle the conflict with France, he by the Treaty of Arras agreed to marry his daughter, Archduchess Margaret of Austria, to the Dauphin of France, the later King Charles VIII, bringing the Imperial County of Burgundy to the French crown as her dowry. France retained most of its Burgundian fiefdoms except for the affluent County of Flanders, which passed to Maximilian (but soon rebelled against the archduke). Although the betrothal was later renounced and Charles VIII would marry Duchess Anne of Brittany, the Burgundian inheritance effectively remained under French control thus ending the dream of a Burgundian kingdom or an independent Duchy of Burgundy once and for all.
The Treaty of Berlin was a treaty between the Habsburg archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria, who was also Queen of Bohemia, and the Prussian king Frederick the Great, signed on 28 July 1742 in Berlin. It was the formal peace treaty that confirmed the preliminary agreement achieved with English mediation by the 11 June Treaty of Breslau, and officially ended the First Silesian War. Based on article 5 of the treaty, Austrian Silesia comprising the ducal lands of Neisse (yellow), Troppau (red) with Jägerndorf (blue), and Teschen (orange) Maria Theresa ceded most of Silesia with the County of Kladsko to Frederick, except for those districts of the Duchy of Troppau that were located south of the Opava river, including the southern part of the former Duchy of Jägerndorf, the possession of which had been one pretext for Frederick's invasion. The Duchy of Neisse held by the Breslau bishops was also partitioned, with the fortress-city of Nysa and the larger northern portion of the territory falling to Prussia.
He travelled to Brazil in March 1816 as a member of the so-called French Artistic Mission, a group of bonapartist French artists and artisans bound to creating an arts and crafts lyceum in Rio de Janeiro (Escola Real de Artes e Ofícios) under the auspices of King D. João VI and the Conde da Barca. The lyceum later became the Academia Imperial de Belas Artes (Imperial Academy of Fine Arts) under Emperor Dom Pedro I. Guaraní family captured by slave hunters. As a painter favored first by the Portuguese court in exile and later by the imperial court in Rio, Debret was often commissioned to paint portraits of many of its members, such as Portuguese king Dom João VI and the Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria, the first empress of Brazil, who married D. Pedro I (Debret was commissioned to produce a painting of her arrival for the marriage at the Rio port, as well as the public acclaiming of the new Emperor). He established his atelier at the Imperial Academy in December 1822 and became a valued teacher in 1826.
Sisa, Stephan, The Spirit of Hungary: A Panorama of Hungarian History and Culture, Vista Court Books, 1995 The accusation of political meddling referred to Elisabeth's influence on her husband regarding his Italian and Hungarian subjects. When she traveled to Italy with him she persuaded him to show mercy toward political prisoners. In 1857 Elisabeth visited Hungary for the first time with her husband and two daughters, and it left a deep and lasting impression upon her, probably because in Hungary she found a welcome respite from the constraints of Austrian court life. It was "the first time that Elisabeth had met with men of character in Franz Joseph's realm, and she became acquainted with an aristocratic independence that scorned to hide its sentiments behind courtly forms of speech... She felt her innermost soul reach out in sympathy to the proud, steadfast people of this land..."Tschuppik, Karl, The Empress Elisabeth of Austria, Constable Publishing, 1930 Unlike the archduchess, who despised the Hungarians, Elisabeth felt such an affinity for them that she began to learn Hungarian; the country reciprocated in its adoration of her.
The House of Arenberg had long borne arms in the Austrian army, but was a sovereign house, its members free to take service wherever they pleased; the Duke of Arenberg, however, who stood high in the estimation of the Empress-Queen, Maria Theresa, judged it advisable to obtain her consent to this change in the career of his son. The request was made at the very moment when the marriage was decided on between the Archduchess Marie Antoinette and the Dauphin of France; and the empress, in acceding to it, strongly recommended the Prince of Arenberg to her daughter. He was accordingly presented in due form to Louis XV, assisted at all the fêtes which were given on the occasion of the marriage, was warmly welcomed by the dauphine, and honored by a kindness and confidence never afterwards withdrawn. Consequently, La Marck was a zealous defender of Marie Antoinette, whom he endeavored to represent as much less disposed towards political interference—until the gravity of events compelled her to interfere—than she has often described during his later life.
Zenta, ordered under the contract name Ersatz (replacement) , was laid down at the Pola Navy Yard on 8 August 1896 and was launched on 18 August 1897, the birthday of Kaiser Franz Joseph I. The ship was christened by his sister-in-law, Archduchess Maria Josepha. Fitting-out work was delayed by shortages of the 12 cm guns, since four of the guns that were slated to be installed aboard the ship were instead diverted to Spain on 11 July, which was in need of additional weapons as it was in the midst of fighting the Cuban War of Independence. Additional guns were ordered on 27 April 1898 and were delivered on 22 April 1899. Named for the Battle of Zenta, the ship was completed on 25 May, at a cost of 4.2 million krone, commissioned three days later, and was ordered to deploy to East Asia to serve as the station ship in Chinese waters. She left Pola on 10 November 1899 and relieved the homeward- bound station ship, the protected cruiser , in Colombo, British Ceylon between 22 and 28 December.
One of the deportees is Antonio Ribera Sanchez, her own personal physician and the head of army's medical dept. ;1743: The Russians gain control of Riga and all local Jews are expelled. ;1744: Frederick II The Great (a "heroic genius", according to Hitler) limits Breslau to ten "protected" Jewish families, on the grounds that otherwise they will "transform it into complete Jerusalem". He encourages this practice in other Prussian cities. In 1750 he issues Revidiertes General Privilegium und Reglement vor die Judenschaft: "protected" Jews had an alternative to "either abstain from marriage or leave Berlin" (Simon Dubnow). ;1744: Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa orders: "... no Jew is to be tolerated in our inherited duchy of Bohemia" by the end of Feb. 1745. In December 1748 she reverses her position, on condition that Jews pay for readmission every ten years. This extortion was known as malke-geld (queen's money). In 1752 she introduces the law limiting each Jewish family to one son. ;1746: The city of Radom bans Jews from entering. ;1753: The Jewish community of Kaunas is expelled. ;1755: Jeronimo Jose Ramos, a merchant from Bragança, Portugal, is burned at the stake for being secretly Jewish.
Duke Siegfried was the eldest son of Duke Maximilian Emanuel in Bavaria and his wife Amalie, who was a sister of Prince Philip of Coburg and of Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria. Siegfried belonged to the Ducal or non- reigning branch of the ancient dynasty of Wittelsbach, and about five years ago, after having been one of the most conspicuous figures at the Court of Munich, in the Bavarian society, and on the German turf, was halted suddenly in his extravagant career by the old Prince Regent, who insisted upon the disposal of his large and costly racing stables, and upon his betaking himself abroad for the space of a year, one of the objects of his absence from Europe being to break certain feminine entanglements which had become exceedingly troublesome. The Duke visited America, proceeded via the Pacific to Japan, China and to India, where he shot plenty of big game, and on his way home paid a visit to Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir apparent to the Austrian throne, at the latter’s country seat in Bohemia in order to compare sporting notes with him, the Archduke likewise having spent a considerable time shooting tigers in India. Archduchess Maria Annunciata.
During Archduchess Margaret of Austria's regencyMargaret was the regent of the Low Countries as guardian of Philip's son Charles, who was being raised at her palace. After a few years of the latter's reign as the first king of Spain (during which Hieronymus Van Busleyden died), he – just having been elected Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor – appointed her as governess of the still undivided Netherlands. he led a life of patron and humanist in Mechelen at the , which city palace he had built in a very early Renaissance styleThe palace of Margaret of Austria (now housing the lower Court of Justice, as its Appeal Court is in Antwerp, the provincial capital) is often referred to as one of the earliest Renaissance buildings north of the Alps; only 350 metres apart, Busleyden had his residence built in about the same years; it is now a City museum and the tower holds a 49 bells carillion. A source states that Hieronymus inherited the building from his brother Frans in 1502 but as the construction started between 1505 and 1507, only the grounds might have been inherited with the considerable fortune that indeed allowed building the house.
They had no children. In Florence on 8 September 1787 (by proxy) and again in Dresden on 18 October 1787 (in person), Anthony entered his second marriage, to the Archduchess Maria Theresia of Austria (Maria Theresia Josephe Charlotte Johanna), daughter of the Grand Duke Leopold I of Tuscany, later Emperor Leopold II. Mozart's opera Don Giovanni was originally intended to be performed in honor of Anthony and his wife for a visit to Prague on 14 October 1787, as they traveled between Dresden and Vienna, and librettos were printed with dedication to them. The premiere could not be arranged in time, however, so the opera The Marriage of Figaro was substituted on the express orders of the bride's uncle, the Emperor Joseph II. The choice of The Marriage of Figaro was considered improper for a new bride by many observers, and the couple left the opera theater early without seeing the entire work performed. Mozart complained bitterly of the intrigues surrounding this incident in a letter to his friend Gottfried von Jacquin that was written in stages between 15 October and 25 October 1787.
Princess Elisabeth studied at St John Berchmans College, Brussels in the Marollen district of Brussels, which had been attended by her older cousins, the children of her paternal aunt, the Archduchess of Austria-Este. This is a significant change in the habits of the royal family, as it is the first time that a future Belgian monarch's education has begun in Dutch. Elisabeth speaks Dutch, French, German and English. On 21 July 2013, once her father had taken the oath of office as King of the Belgians (his father, King Albert II, having abdicated shortly before), Princess Elisabeth became heir apparent to the throne and as such bears the title of Duchess of Brabant.Text in French of the 2001 amendment: « Le titre de Duc de Brabant ou de Duchesse de Brabant sera toujours porté, à l'avenir, par le Prince ou la Princesse, fils aîné ou fille aînée du Roi, et, à défaut, par le Prince ou la Princesse, fils aîné ou fille aînée du fils aîné ou de la fille aînée du Roi. » Elisabeth studied at UWC Atlantic College in Wales and received International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme in the May 2020 session.
Beatrix of the Netherlands is descended from Isabella I and Ferdinand II through her great- great-great grandmother Wilhelmine of Prussia, wife of the first king of the Netherlands, William I. Queen Wilhelmine descends from the Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and the Landgraves are descendants by virtue of the aforementioned 1636 marriage of Princess Elisabeth Sophie of Saxe-Altenburg and Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha (Elisabeth Sophie and Ernest I's daughter, Elisabeth Dorothea, married Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt). The Landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt connection also provides the descent of Albert II, Prince of Monaco from Isabella I and Ferdinand II. Prince Albert's great- great-great grandmother, Princess Marie of Baden, was in turn the granddaughter of Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Darmstadt. Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein is descended from Isabella I and Ferdinand II through his grandmother, Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria; Elisabeth Amalie descends from the Iberian couple via the Spanish and Hesse-Darmstadt houses, as well as through the formerly-reigning Catholic imperial or royal houses of Austria-Hungary, Portugal, and Bavaria (these formerly-reigning houses all descend from Isabella I and Ferdinand II).
In 1767, the 11-year-old composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart survived a smallpox outbreak in Austria that killed Holy Roman Empress Maria Josepha, who became the second consecutive wife of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II to die of the disease, as well as Archduchess Maria Josepha. (See Mozart and smallpox.) Famous historical figures who contracted smallpox include Lakota Chief Sitting Bull, Ramses V, the Kangxi Emperor (survived), Shunzhi Emperor and Tongzhi Emperor (refer to the official history) of China, Emperor Komei of Japan (died of smallpox in 1867), and Date Masamune of Japan (who lost an eye to the disease). Cuitláhuac, the 10th tlatoani (ruler) of the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan, died of smallpox in 1520, shortly after its introduction to the Americas, and the Incan emperor Huayna Capac died of it in 1527 (causing a civil war of succession in the Inca empire and the eventual conquest by the Spaniards). More recent public figures include Guru Har Krishan, 8th Guru of the Sikhs, in 1664, Louis I of Spain in 1724 (died), Peter II of Russia in 1730 (died), George Washington (survived), Louis XV of France in 1774 (died) and Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria in 1777 (died).
Engraving of the Royal Palace from Pierre-Jacques Goetghebuer's Choix des monuments (1827) The palace on fire, 1 January 1890 The palace was built at Laeken, then outside of Brussels, between 1782-1784 after the plans of the French architect Charles de Wailly under supervision of Louis Montoyer as a summer residence for the Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands, Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria and her husband Albert of Saxe-Teschen. Jean-Joseph Chapuis provided the royal furniture. On 21 July 1803, Nicolas-Jean Rouppe, as commissioner of the department of the Dyle, received Napoleon at the Palace of Laeken. Napoleon stayed at Laeken with the Empress Josephine in August 1804 on his way from awarding the first Légion d'honneur to his invasion troops at Boulogne to his progress along the Rhine, and later during the Hundred Days in 1815 dated this proclamation prematurely from the palace: Queen Mathilde hosts guest at the Palace; 2017 Royal Greenhouses in 2012 The wing built by Leopold II After Belgian independence, Rouppe, as mayor of Brussels, received the new king Leopold I at the Palace of Laeken on 21 July 1831; the day of Leopold's coronation.
Scipione Pannocchieschi d’Elci was born on 28 June 1598 in Siena, sixth son of a noble family. From 1608 to 1618 he followed his father in Spain where he studied theology in the University of Alcalá. Returned in Tuscany he studied law and was appointed by Archduchess Maria Maddalena of Austria as tutor of her younger sons. He moved to Rome with his father in 1621 and from 1623 he took up a career in the administration of the Papal States: in 1624 he became referendary of the Tribunals of the Apostolic Signature, from 1627 for one year he was appointed governor of Spoleto, from 1628 for one year he was governor of Ancona and later of Fermo. Scipione Pannocchieschi d’Elci was ordained priest on 3 May 1629. On 28 July 1631 he was appointed as bishop of Pienza. The Episcopal consecration followed on 17 August in the private chapel of the Barberini in Rome by the hands of Luigi Caetani, Cardinal-Priest of Santa Pudenziana, with Tegrimus Tegrimi, Bishop of Assisi, and Giorgio Bolognetti, Bishop of Ascoli Satriano, serving as co-consecrators. On 3 March 1636 he was promoted Archbishop of Pisa.
Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma Margaret as a baby with her mother and father Margaret's mother, Johanna Maria van der Gheynst, a servant of Charles de Lalaing, Seigneur de Montigny, was a Fleming. Margaret was brought up in Mechelen, under the supervision of two powerful Spanish and Austrian Habsburg Imperial family relatives, her great-aunt, the Archduchess Margaret of Austria, and her aunt Mary of Austria, who were successive governors of the Netherlands from 1507 to 1530 and from 1530 to 1555, respectively. Her early life followed a strict routine set forth by her father, Charles V, who used his daughter as part of his plans to secure his empire. In 1527, the year she turned five, she became engaged to the nephew of Pope Clement VII, Alessandro de' Medici, Duke of Florence, to assist her father's ambition in gaining influence in Italy. The marriage negotiations had been initiated in 1526, and in 1529 the agreement was officially signed by her father and the Pope. In 1529, Margaret was acknowledged by her father and allowed to assume the name Margaret of Austria, and in 1533, the 11-year-old girl was brought to live in Italy and educated in the courts of Florence, Rome, and Parma.
Rubio, La Chata, p. 136 The project failed. For political reasons, Isabella II had to recognize the unification of Italy under the Savoy crown, and in order to compensate her cousins from the Bourbon dynasty of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, who were upset at this recognition, the ultra- conservative party at the Spanish court, headed by King Francisco de Asís, convinced the queen to arrange the marriage of their eldest daughter with one of the half-siblings of the recently deposed King Francis II of the Two Sicilies, Prince Gaetan, Count of Girgenti (1846–1871), son of King Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria.Rubio, La Chata, p. 147 Prince Gaetan had recently lost his mother and one of his younger brothers, and his family was in financial straits. Gaetan was a first cousin of both Isabel's mother and father. In April 1868, Prince Gaetan arrived in Spain, and the wedding was quickly arranged to take place a few weeks later.Rubio, La Chata, p. 148 Neither Infanta Isabel nor Gaetan were enthusiastic about the project. Gaetan was tall and good-hearted, but penniless and plagued by ill health. He was known for his lack of intellect.
Imperial Palace that housed the National Museum The National Museum was officially established by King João VI of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves (1769–1826) in 1818 with the name Royal Museum, in an initiative to stimulate scientific research in the Kingdom of Brazil, then a constituent part of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves. Initially, the museum housed plant and animal specimens, especially birds, which caused it to be known by locals n as the "House of the Birds". After the marriage of King João VI's eldest son and Brazil's first Emperor, Dom Pedro I (1798–1834), to H.I. & R.H. Archduchess Maria Leopoldina of Austria (1797–1826), the Museum started to attract some of the greatest European naturalists of the 19th century, such as Maximilian zu Wied-Neuwied (1782–1867), Johann Baptist von Spix (1781–1826), and Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius (1794–1868). Other European researchers who explored the country, such as Augustin Saint-Hilaire (1799–1853) and the Baron von Langsdorff (1774–1852), contributed to the collections of the Royal Museum. By the end of the 19th century, reflecting the personal preferences of His Imperial Majesty Emperor Pedro II (1825–1891), the National Museum started to invest in the areas of the anthropology, paleontology and archaeology.

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