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"achene" Definitions
  1. a small dry indehiscent one-seeded fruit (as of a sunflower) developing from a simple ovary and usually having a thin pericarp attached to the seed at only one point
"achene" Synonyms
fruit pome berry pod drupe fruitlet fruitage grain nut capsule ovary drupelet hip haw kernel pip seed stone caryopsis utricle pit fruit seed spore bud germ ovule sprout embryo bean endocarp nugget More
"achene" Antonyms
teste testicle ball gonad nut

486 Sentences With "achene"

How to use achene in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "achene" and check conjugation/comparative form for "achene". Mastering all the usages of "achene" from sentence examples published by news publications.

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But today we have a word like ACHENE, a one-seeded fruit that ripens without bursting open to scatter its seeds.
Between the pappus and the achene is a stalk called a beak, which elongates as the fruit matures. The beak breaks off from the achene quite easily, separating the seed from the parachute.
The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster.
The fruit is an achene borne in a dense cluster.
The fruit is a hairy achene with a long pappus.
The fruit is a hairy achene with a long pappus.
The fruit is a black achene with a small pappus.
The fruit is a small ribbed achene without a pappus.
In this species the achene is larger relative to the perigynia, meaning that it will almost completely fill this area. Whereas in C. capitata, the achene is considerably smaller than the area of the perigynium.
The fruit is a tiny achene less than a millimeter wide.
The fruit is a tiny achene about half a millimeter wide.
The fruit is a spiny achene about half a centimeter wide.
The fruit is a sharply angled achene a few millimeters long.
The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of scales.
The fruit is a hairy achene with a bushy tawny pappus.
The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus of bristles.
The fruit is an achene with a short scaly brown pappus.
The achene is about long.Flora of North America, Hieracium scouleri Hooker, 1833.
The fruit is an achene over a centimeter long including the pappus.
Black cylindrical achene that are woolly or silky with long white hairs.
The fruit is a white achene with a pappus of white bristles.
The fruit is a tiny light- colored achene about a millimeter long.
The fruit is an achene about long including its pappus of scales.
The fruit is an achene with pappus of five distinct whitish points.
The fruit is an achene over a centimeter long, including its pappus.
The fruit is a hairy club-shaped achene less than 2 millimeters long.
The fruit is a black achene a few millimeters long with no pappus.
The fruit is a hairy, ridged achene with a pappus of long bristles.
The fruit is an achene with a whitish or brownish pappus of bristles.
The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long, including its tiny pappus.
The fruit is a hairless achene tipped with a pappus of long, white bristles.
Disc flowers are white, with stamens yellow to brown. The fruit is an achene.
The fruit is an achene, borne in a spherical cluster of 12 or more.
The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster of 9 or more.
The fruit is an achene, borne in a spherical cluster of 11 or more.
The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster of 20 or more.
The fruit is a hairy achene 2–3 mm long tipped with a pappus.
The fruit is an achene; fruits from the disc florets generally have a white pappus.
The fruit is an achene about two millimeters long which is gray with reddish spots.
The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, white pappus bristles.
The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets often have a long pappus.
The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets have a pappus of bristles.
The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets often have a white bristly pappus.
The fruit is a grooved achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, plumelike pappus bristles.
The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets often have a white bristly pappus.
The fruit is an achene; the fruits of the disc florets sometimes have a pappus of scales.
It blooms generally from June to October. The fruit is a tiny achene about a millimeter long.
The fruit is a hairy achene one half to just over one centimeter (0.2-0.4 inches) long.
The fruit is an achene which may be well over a centimeter in length including its pappus.
The fruit is an achene with a hairy body half a centimeter long and a light- colored pappus.
The fruit is a stout, hairy achene which may be over a long including the long, spiky pappus.
Flora of North America: Osmadenia tenella The fruit is an achene; those arising from disc florets have pappi.
The fruit is a long, narrow achene which may be 2 centimeters in length including its plumelike pappus.
The fruit is an achene which can take a number of shapes, including a disc or a sphere.
They surround a center of many disc florets. The fruit is an achene about 2 to 4 millimeters long.
The fruit is an achene with a brownish pappus. "Mollis" means "soft", referring to the soft hairs on the leaves.
The fruit is an achene; fruits from the disc florets are coated in white hairs and have a white pappus.
The fruit is a hairy achene which may be up to a centimeter long, including its pappus of long bristles.
The fruit is a very narrow achene which may exceed one centimeter in length including its pappus of plumelike bristles.
Fruit is a small nut or achene, glabrous, 1.5–2 mm long, enclosed in persistent, fleshy, orange/red perianth lobes.
Plants have either bisexual flowers or both staminate ("male") and carpellate ("female") flowers. The fruit is a small dry achene.
The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets often have a thick pappus of white or brown bristles.
The fruit, which is about long, is an achene which is enclosed in a fleshy jacket which forms from the perianth.
The fruit is a tiny winged achene about a millimetre wide.Flora of North America, Cotula australis (Sieber ex Sprengel) Hooker f.
Each contains yellow disc florets and ray florets. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter long including its pappus.
The disc florets are yellow with purple anthers. The fruit is a hairy achene with a pappus of many white scales.
The fruit is a tiny achene up to 2 or 3 millimeters long clustered into an aggregate fruit of about 20 units.
There are usually 20 stamens at the center. Flowering occurs in July through September. The fruit is an achene, borne in clusters.
The flowers are roselike with small rounded white petals and yellow centers filled with many stamens. The fruit is a leathery achene.
Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster of usually 10 to 20.
There are no true petals. The fruit is a hairy achene with a very long beak and a plume on the end.
The fruit is an achene. The achenes arising from the disc florets have pappi of white scales.Deinandra conjugens. Flora of North America.
Female flowers generally have four uneven, free to mostly fused tepals. The fruit is an achene covered in orange or red flesh.
The floral scale is shorter than the perigynium that surrounds the achene and has brown or reddish-black edges with a green midvein.
It contains several hairy yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene tipped with a large pappus of over 100 long, fine bristles.
The fruit is a ribbed achene about half a centimeter long which may be tipped with the featherlike remains of the flower sepals.
The disc florets at the center are yellow. The fruit is a club-shaped achene about 3 millimeter long with a small pappus.
The fruit is a hairy achene. The inflorescence are a food source for adult Lepidoptera, although they may not be the principal pollinators .
After pollination the flower develops into an achene – a dry fruit that is indehiscent (it does not open at maturity) and contains a single seed. This is composed of a 2mm x 1mm, egg-shaped achene body and the remnants of the style base of the flower, which forms a 1mm beak-like structure called the tubercle. The perianth bristles are also retained, and these are shorter than, or the same length as, the achene and tubercle combined. The lengths of both the tubercle and perianth bristles are key characters for distinguishing R.alba from other Rhynchospora species.
Flowers are produced in summer, as late as September. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long tipped with a pappus of bristles.
Bougainvillea glabra is sometimes referred to as "paper flower" because the bracts are thin and papery. The fruit is a narrow five-lobed achene.
All known strains of Cannabis are wind- pollinatedClarke, Robert C. 1991. Marijuana Botany, 2nd ed. Ron Publishing, California. and the fruit is an achene.
The name Coreopsis is derived from the Greek words κόρις (koris), meaning "bedbug", and ὄψις (opsis), meaning "view", referring to the shape of the achene.
Blooming occurs in November and December. The fruit is an achene two millimeters long tipped with a tiny pappus of bristles.Chrysopsis floridana. Flora of North America.
Each head is less than long and filled with bright pinkish-purple or magenta flowers. The fruit is a tiny achene tipped with a bristly pappus.
The flowers are pollinated by native bees.Jepson Manual Treatment of Agnorhiza reticulata The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long which usually lacks a pappus.
It contains several hairy yellow to reddish disc florets. The fruit is an achene covered densely in long hairs and tipped with a large pappus of bristles.
The head is discoid, containing only yellow disc florets, and no ray florets. The fruit is an achene about 7 millimeters long, not counting its white pappus.
The orange-yellow flowers are however the most numerous, often with black spots at the base of the ligules. The fruit is an achene, containing several seeds.
The flowers grow in lateral and terminal glomerulus. They are hermaphrodite, pentamerous and actinomorphic, accompanied with scaly silver bracts bigger that themselves. The fruit is an achene.
The flowers are small, greenish and fragrant, arranged in racemose inflorescences clustered in terminal and lateral spikes. The fruit is an achene with a semipulpous edible flesh.
The head contains many white to pink-tinted flowers with large, protruding, darker colored anthers. The fruit is an achene over a centimeter long including its pappus.
There are no ray florets. The fruit is an achene which may be over 2 centimeters (0.8 inches) long including its pappus.Cirsium parryi. Flora of North America.
The head is lined with hairy purple or purple- tipped phyllaries. Blooming occurs in July and August. The head is an achene with a pappus of bristles.Erigeron lanatus.
The fruit is a hairless, ribbed, beaked achene. Several species, including C. abrotanoides,Wang, F., et al. (2009). Sesquiterpene lactones from Carpesium abrotanoides. Fitoterapia 80(1), 21-24.
Each has a few three- lobed yellow ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a club-shaped achene about half a centimeter long.
The head has a center of yellowish disc florets and a fringe of pointed yellow ray florets each up to long. The fruit is an achene in length.
The flower head contains many golden yellow ray florets, the outer ones usually darker in color. The fruit is an achene with a plumelike pappus of white bristles.
The small gray-green leaves are usually lobed. The inflorescence is an array of several flower heads containing yellow ray and disc florets. The fruit is an achene.
They are slender to broad, up to 15 centimeters long, and usually with 3-5 pairs of lobes along the margins (these sometimes lacking). The peduncle of the inflorescence can be as tall as 45 centimeters but is usually much shorter. The flower head is up to 2 centimeters wide, surrounded by glabrous to hairy phyllaries, and contains yellow ray florets (the outer ones often have a purple strip on the lower surface) but no disc florets. The fruit is an achene between 5-12 millimeters long; the lower part of the achene contains a single seed, while the upper portion of the achene forms a slender beak that possesses a terminal, white pappus.
The head contains many yellow disc florets with a fringe of small yellow ray florets. The fruit is a flat, oval-shaped achene up to about 2 millimeters long.
If there are ray florets they are less than a millimeter long. The fruit is a hairy achene a few millimeters long, sometimes with a pappus of tiny scales.
The head contains several yellow disc florets. The fruit is a ribbed achene tipped with a pappus of fringelike scales, the fruit around half a centimeter long in total.
The fruit is a hairless, speckled, four- angled achene about 3 millimeters long. There is usually no pappus, but some achenes have vestigial pappus structures on their flat tops.
The fruit is a shiny brown achene one to two millimeters long.Jepson Manual TreatmentWatson, Sereno. 1871.United States Geological Expolration of the Fortieth Parallel. Vol. 5, Botany 360–361.
The tips of the outer phyllaries curve outward. The fruit is a hairy, ribbed achene a few millimeters long with a pappus of bristles and scales on its tip.
It spreads at the top with several yellow ray florets a few millimeters long and black-tipped disc florets. The fruit is a shiny black achene with no pappus.
28 Apr 2012. . No hair abaxial of sepal. The flower is hermaphroditic. The style is 3–10 cm long and remains attached to the achene, acting as its wings.
The fruit of H. lupulus is an achene, meaning that the fruit is dry and does not split open at maturity. The achene is surrounded by tepals and lupulin-secreting glands are concentrated on the fruit. Humulus lupulus grows best in the latitude range of 38°-51° in full sun with moderate amounts of rainfall. It uses the longer summer days as a cue for when to flower, which is usually around July/ August.
Ovary sunken in the tissue of the receptacle; style lateral. Perianth vaguely 2 lobed; mouth almost closed. Ovule pendulous, style lateral. The fruit is a crustaceous achene, sunken, 2 mm.
The flowering period extends from July through October. The hermaphroditic flowers are either self-fertilized (autogamy) or pollinated by insects (entomogamy). The seeds are an achene that ripens in October.
They surround a center of many disc florets. The fruit is a rough-haired achene 2 to 4 millimeters long. In Carrizo Plain National Monument, eastern San Luis Obispo County.
The fruit is an achene tipped with a cluster of pappus bristles which are not plumelike as are those of the Stephanomeria species with which this plant was once classified.
Ozothamnus ledifolius produce one seeded fruit that does not open to release seed (achene). The maximum observed seed dormancy is two months. Seeds take two to four weeks to germinate.
The head is discoid, containing only yellow disc florets, and no ray florets. The fruit is an achene about 5 or 6 millimeters long, not counting its white to brownish pappus.
The flower head has a center of glandular yellow disc florets and a fringe of yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with a white pappus.
The tihue bears bundles of small yellow unisexual or hermaphrodite flowers. The fruit is a greenish achene with seeds bearing feathery anemophilous filaments. The seed is dispersed by the wind (anemochory).
The flower head has 5 to 30 florets in shades of blue or purple, or occasionally white or yellow. The achene is ribbed and has a pappus of bristles and hairs.
The head is enclosed in a layer of phyllaries which are glandular and sticky. The fruit is a ribbed achene with a pappus a few millimeters long. Close-up of flowers.
It is dioecious, with male plants bearing heads of staminate flowers and female plants bearing heads of larger pistillate flowers. The fruit is an achene with a long, soft, barbed pappus.
University of Winnipeg. The fruit is an achene. Some flowers exhibit heliotropism, changing orientation to follow the sun. Others grow toward the position of the sun at noon.Krannitz, P. G. (1996).
Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 375 Rayless arnica Arnica discoidea Bentham, Pl. Hartw. 319. 1849. The fruit is an achene about 7 millimeters long, not counting its light-colored pappus.
The fruit from each floret is a cylindrical achene up to long, not considering the large pappus of up to 50 hairlike white bristles which may be an additional centimeter in length.
It is enveloped in several pointed phyllaries which are covered in bristly hairs. The fruit is an achene well over a centimeter in length which is tipped with a pappus of bristles.
Each head contains many yellow disc florets and sometimes one or two ray florets as well. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long topped with a brown or white pappus.
The fruit is an achene with a whitish body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of 5 to 10 long, bristly scales.
The fruit is a tiny achene with a pappus of bristles.Flora of North America, Erigeron aequifolius H. M. Hall, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 174. 1915. Hall’s fleabane Hall, Harvey Monroe 1915.
They usually form a small calyx with small bracts. The fruit is in most cases a berry or a drupe. The genera Diervilla and Weigela have capsular fruit, while Heptacodium has an achene.
There are usually 10-14 ray florets on an individual "daisy" flowers and bloom in spring and early summer. The fruit has 5 ribs long and has a single seed called an achene.
Each head contains up to 40 yellow disc florets surrounded by a fringe of up to 20 yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter long including its pappus.
The head has a center of many small yellow disc florets and a fringe of 5 to 8 bright yellow ray florets each usually under a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene.
The fruit is an achene with a brown, hairy to hairless body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of five long, bristly scales.
The flowers are white and hermaphrodite, 5 stamens with the anthers attached. The fruit is a cylindrical achene about 3–3.5 mm long and 1 mm wide, pubescent, reddish pappi 5 mm long.
Each petal may measure over 2 centimeters in length. The flowering period is January to June. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long, including its pappus of bristles.
The fruit is a hairless achene about 8 millimeters long. Grazing animals find the plant palatable, especially the flowers and developing seed heads. Bright orange-yellow petals make the arrowleaf balsamroot easy to identify.
The flower has usually five or six shiny yellow petals each a few millimeters long around a central nectary and many stamens and pistils. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster.
It requires wet soil, and is sensitive to hydrological changes. The seed is a sticky achene without the large pappus which would suggest wind dispersal, so it is presumed to be transmitted by animals.
The fruit is an achene which may be up to a centimeter (0.4 inches) long, including its pappus of scales. There are three varieties of this plant. The rare var. winkleri (Winkler's blanketflowerGaillardia aestivalis.
The fruit is an achene with a gray or brown, sometimes speckled body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of five long, bristly scales.
The fruit is an achene with a brown to nearly black body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of five long, flat, barbed scales.
The inflorescence is an open array of flower heads with a fringe of violet ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a hairy achene with a long white pappus.
The sepal tips are pointed or rounded and spread, curve, or curl backward. The fruit is an achene with a plumelike, copper-colored extension up to 4 centimeters long.Clematis viticaulis. Flora of North America.
Webb's An Irish Flora Cork University Press The achene is purple black, without bristles at the tip. The pappus is the same as Lactuca serriola. In the northern hemisphere, it flowers from July until September.
The fruit is an achene; achenes from the disc florets may have a pappus of scales.Flora of North America, Calycadenia fremontii A. Gray in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 100. 1859.
The fruit is an achene; those developing from the disc florets have a pappus of scales.Flora of North America, Calycadenia pauciflora A. Gray in W. H. Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1): 100. 1859.
The tubular florets are hermaphrodite while the ligular florets are sterile. The involucral bracts are linear to lanceolate. The plant prefers well-drained soils in full sun. The fruit is an achene, sought after by birds.
The mature plants produce many achene, although most seeds fall within a few metres of the parent plant. This is because the plant grows a very small pappus, which makes wind-borne seed distribution very inefficient.
Fruit is a whitish, slightly ridged achene. Russian knapweed is a deep-rooted long-lived perennial. Some stands have been in existence for 75 years. It forms dense colonies in cultivated fields, orchards, pastures, and roadsides.
The head is lined with sticky, spiny phyllaries and packed with white to lavender flowers. The fruit is an achene with a thick body a few millimeters long and a pappus about 1.5 centimeters in length.
The fruit is an achene. Blooming occurs in July and August. This plant is restricted to the Bishop Conglomerate, a geological formation. It grows on cobbly soils in the harsh, windy conditions on exposed mountain slopes.
The fruit is an achene containing one seed. It is approximately globular, slightly wider than high and with an apical notch. It contains alkaloids, potassium salts, and tannins and is also a source of fumaric acid.
Involucral bracts are canescent and covered with cobweb-like hairs, each bract ends with a single spine. The fruit is a smooth rotund achene with lateral hilum measuring long and wide surmounted by a white pappus.
Plants are dioecious. Staminate flowers have eight stamens and a rudimentary or missing pistil; pistillate flowers have staminodes. The fruit is in the form of an ovoid or three-angled achene, which is smooth and shiny.
The inflorescence is a cluster of fuzzy flower heads under a centimeter long containing long, protruding white disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with a rough bristly pappus.
The head has yellow disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is a fuzzy achene about 3 millimeters long. ;Conservation It is a California Native Plant Society listed Endangered species, and is threatened by proposed mining.
The inflorescence produces hairy, glandular flower heads filled with yellow disc florets and a fringe of up to 125 thin, flat white to purple-tinged ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescence is an open array of flower heads amidst leaflike bracts. The flower head contains many pale violet to nearly white ray florets and a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a hairy achene.
The inflorescence is a solitary flat-topped woolly flower head containing many yellow disc florets. There occasionally appears a yellow ray floret, but they are usually absent. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.
The head is discoid, containing no ray florets but many funnel-shaped disc florets with lobes that resemble ray florets. The disc florets are yellow with brown throats. The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus.
Light green perigynia with dark brown scales (Carex buxbaumii) In botany, a perigynium (plural: perigynia), also referred to as a utricle, typically refers to a sac that surrounds the achene of plants in the genus Carex (Cyperaceae). The perigynium is a modified prophyll, tissue of leaf origin, that encloses the dry, one-seeded achene. In liverworts, "perigynium" refers to a tube-shaped structure which encases the archegonium and the developing sporophyte. The location, size, shape, hairiness, color, and other aspects of the perigynium are important structures for distinguishing Carex species.
The fruit is a spiny-ribbed dark brown achene (or cypsela) almost a centimeter (0.4 inches) long with a long white pappus.Flora of North America, Lactuca saligna Linnaeus, 1753. Lactuca saligna flowers from July to August in Britain.
The fruit is an achene which may be well over a centimeter in length including its pappus. There are three varieties of this species; var. subsquarrosa is an uncommon type known only from southwestern Montana and northwestern Wyoming.
The inflorescence bears a single flower head lined with green or purplish phyllaries. The head contains many purple ray florets between 1 and 2 centimeters long around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene.
The inflorescence is generally a cluster of glandular flower heads with black- tipped yellow disc florets and sometimes one or more tiny greenish or purplish yellow ray florets. The fruit is a flat black achene with no pappus.
Soliadgo rigida is a tall, leafy perennial. Its leathery leaves are large for a goldenrod, reaching wide and long. It produces heads of yellow flowers in the late summer and fall. Its fruit is a wind-dispersed achene.
When present it is about long and whitish.Flora of North America, Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nuttall) Fresenius 1836 The fruit is an egg-shaped achene, dark brown to nearly black, long, with a tuft of hairs attached to one end.
Marks, M.K, and C Akosim. “Achene dimorphism and germination in three composite weeds.” Invasive Species Compendium, CABI, www.cabi.org/isc/abstract/19840767937. Most seeds germinate at 27 °C but those that develop from outer florets germinate under deep shade.
The head may contain up to 1500 flowers. Each individual flower lasts one day. The middle of the head blooms first and then the upper and lower parts. The fruit is an achene just under a centimeter long.
Atop the stems are inflorescences of flower heads with hairy, glandular phyllaries. The head contains many yellow disc florets with a fringe of small yellow ray florets. The fruit is a hairy achene up to about 2 millimeters long.
The inflorescence is a solitary sunflower-like flower head or cyme of several heads. The flower head has several yellow ray florets measuring 6 millimeters to over a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus.
The flowers are covered with dark greenish-brown bracts. The fruit is a shiny purple-brown achene not more than a millimeter long.Flora of North America, Eleocharis geniculata (Linnaeus) Roemer & Schultes in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg.
Based on previous floristic treatments, about 30% of the species from regions not yet covered by contemporary floristic treatments may be undescribed. The genus name is derived from Latin pileus, "felt cap", because of the calyx covering the achene.
The head is enclosed in a layer of phyllaries which are glandular and sticky. The fruit is a ribbed achene with a pappus or long.Flora of North America, Baccharis plummerae A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 15: 48. 1879.
There is a pappus present that forms a minute crown on the body of the achene. The plant contains terpenes which make it quite aromatic. Many people regard the species to have a pleasant smell.Native Salvias and Artemisias MyMotherLode.
The disc florets are bright yellow. One plant can produce many stems which mat together due to their spininess and form a small thicket. The fruit is an achene about half a centimeter long with many rigid pappus scales.
There are also yellow ray florets, but they are so short they may be nearly invisible inside the involucre of phyllaries. The fruit is a hairy achene a few millimeters long which is linear in shape with a pappus of scales.
Tetragonotheca helianthoides is a species of flowering plant that grows in the southeastern United States. It is a perennial dicot in the Asteraceae family. Common names for it include pineland nerveray, squarehead, and pineland ginseng. It produces an achene fruit.
Each head contains many yellowish disc florets and many pistillate florets around the edges. The latter may have minute ray florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long which is tipped with a small pappus of toothed scales.
The fruit is a yellow or yellow-brown achene with a whitish cone-shaped tubercle on one end, measuring one or two millimeters long.Flora of North America, Eleocharis macrostachya Britton in J. K. Small, Fl. S.E. U.S. 184, 1327. 1903.
The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads, each up to long. The head is lined with sticky, twisted, spiny phyllaries and contains pink to purple flowers. The fruit is an achene a long topped with a pappus of about centimeters.
The inflorescence bears flower heads with five bright yellow ray florets, each with three lobes. The center of the head contains six disc florets which are yellow with black anthers. The fruit is a dark brown achene with no pappus.
The upper leaves are smaller and divided into narrower lobes. The flower has four or five yellow petals a few millimeters long around a central receptacle and many stamens and pistils. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster.
The bright, pink colour of the flowers comes from the inner sepals of each flower when the fruit matures. The sepals enlarge to about 1.5 centimeters across, turning quite veiny, and surround the achene. Flowering period is throughout the summer.
The phyllaries are coated in knobby yellow resin glands. At the tip of the inflorescence are minute yellowish ray florets each under a millimeter long, and one or two yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene with no pappus.
It is unusual in genus in having a 5-winged petiole. Flowers are up to 3 cm (1.2 inches) in diameter, white, producing an achene with a recurved beak.Small, John Kunkel. Flora of the Southeastern United States 45–46. 1903.
The inflorescences contain several flower heads. The species is dioecious, with male and female flowers on different plants. The fruit is an achene up to about 6 millimeters long, most of which is the long, soft pappus.Flora of North America Vol.
They are sometimes unlobed but have toothed margins. The leaves have woolly fibers, especially on the undersides. The flower heads contain long lavender or purplish florets. The fruit is an achene which may exceed 2 centimeters in length including its pappus.
The sepals are mounted on the rim of the floral tube. Stamens may be mounted on the rim or inside. What appear to be petals are actually stipular appendages of the sepals. The fruit is a 1-seeded berry or an achene.
The fruit is a black oval-shaped achene a few millimeters long with a fringe of tiny dull hairs around the edge. Like other goldfields, populations of this species bloom in the spring to produce a carpet of yellow in its habitat.
The stem bears an inflorescence of several flower heads containing yellow ray flowers but no disc flowers. The fruit is a ribbed achene about half a centimeter (0.2 inches) long with a light brown pappus.Flora of North America, Hieracium traillii Greene, 1900.
The fruit is a tiny achene covered in very long hairs several times the length of the fruit body.Flora of North America v 19 p 197Druce, George Claridge. Report, Botanical Society and Exchange Club of the British Isles 4(suppl. 2): 624.
The inflorescence is a flower head with a bell-shaped involucre of woolly-haired phyllaries. There are 12 or 13 yellow ray florets and about 30 disc florets at the center. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales.Thymophylla tephroleuca.
The head is enclosed in a layer of phyllaries and the female flowers yield fruits, each an achene with a white pappus about a centimeter long. The earliest name for the species is Baccharis salicifolia Nutt., coined in 1840.Nuttall, Thomas 1840.
Inside are many purple, lavender, pink, or white ray florets and a center packed with up to 120 tubular yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of reddish bristles on top. Corethrogyne filaginifolia; formerly Lessingia filaginifolia var filaginifolia.
The inflorescence contains several flower heads, each lined with dark green phyllaries. The head contains many golden yellow disc florets and generally either 8 or 13 yellow ray florets each over a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescence is a dense terminal cluster of many five-lobed pink flowers. Plants may have bisexual or unisexual flowers, with some plants bearing only male or only female flowers. The fruit is a shiny brown rounded achene around 3 millimeters (0.12 inches) long.
The inflorescence bears clusters of flower heads lined with shiny, oily, yellow- green phyllaries with transparent tips. The fruit is a tiny achene up to a millimeter long. The plant reproduces from seed except in very rare occasions when it reproduces vegetatively by layering.
Tarchonanthus camphoratus is dioecious. Flowers are usually present from December to May (in South Africa), with cream colored panicles on a discoid head. Male flowering heads have several flowers whilst the female has only a few. The fruit is a dense and woolly achene.
The inflorescence may contain one to several spikes, each spike containing 20 to over 100 spikelets. Each spikelet is light greenish brown to reddish brown and is made up of up to 30 bracted flowers. The fruit is a glossy achene about a millimeter long.
The fruit is a three-angled achene, surrounded by an often brightly coloured fleshy perianth, edible in some species, though often astringent. Species in the genus have been characterized as dioecious, but this is unclear. Trioecy has been documented in at least one case.
The fruit is an achene, a long plumelike structure up to 6 centimeters long. The plume is dispersed on the wind and by animals such as rodents. The shrub is drought- tolerant and the seedlings may actually survive better in years of below average precipitation.
The inflorescence bears several large flower heads each up to wide. They are lined with spiny, woolly to cobwebby phyllaries and bear many narrow glandular purple flowers each about long. The fruit is a cylindrical achene long topped with a white pappus in length.
The inflorescence is a solitary flower head atop an erect peduncle. The hairy head has several yellow disc florets each around a centimeter long and at the center many yellow disc florets. The fruit is a silky-haired achene tipped with a white pappus.
Flora of North America The fruit is an achene with a body only about a millimeter long attached to a soft pappus up to 7 millimeters long. The pappus catches the wind, which disperses the seed. The plant also reproduces vegetatively via its creeping stolons.
There are 8-10 involucral scales which are linear oblong, and leathery with translucent veins. The male flower has a four-angled corolla, and the angles are translucent. The female flower has a tubular corolla, and is four-toothed. The achene is four-angled.
The herbage may be mealy in texture. The inflorescence is a spiraling cluster of greenish flowers. The fruit is an achene containing black seeds. This plant can be found in eastern Colorado, eastern New Mexico, southwestern Kansas, southwestern Nebraska, western Texas, and possibly Oklahoma.
The pear-shaped edible "fruit" — technically a pseudofruit, an achene that develops from the flower stalk — is light red when mature, 2 to 3 cm wide by 2 to 4 cm long weighing between 5 and 10 grams. As in the common cashew, the true fruit is a kidney-shaped drupe, 15 to 20 mm long and 12 to 15 mm wide, that hangs from the base of the achene: it encloses a single seed covered by a hard capsule, which may be green gray, or dark brown. The fruit's skin contains a strongly irritating oil composed mostly of anacardic acid, cardol, cardanol and other aromatic compounds.
Each small head is a cup of hairy phyllaries surrounding a center of yellowish disc florets and is about half a centimeter wide. The fruit is a minute achene. This plant is used by many Native American groups for a variety of medicinal, veterinary, and ceremonial purposes.
The involucre is 13 mm length, and 8 mm diameter and has four lines of involucral scale. The achene has about 4 mm length and 1.3 mm diameter and lanceolate shape. There is no pappus. It blooms from June to September; the fruits (achenes) mature in November.
The linear or lance-shaped leaves are a few centimeters long. The plant is coated in rough hairs. The inflorescence is a cyme of flower heads with thick, leathery yellow ray florets 2 or 3 millimeters long and notched at the tips. The fruit is an achene.
They are oblong and lobed. On the upper plant the leaves are small, linear in shape, and smooth edged without lobes. Flower heads occur at intervals on the branches and contain 5 to 9 ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of white bristles.
The inflorescence is a spike of several flower heads. The heads contain several flowers which are usually purple, but sometimes white. The fruit is an achene tipped with a long pappus of feathery bristles. The plant reproduces sexually by seed and vegetatively by sprouting from its rhizome.
Each head has a center of yellow disc florets and a fringe of 7 or 8 yellow ray florets each up to 3 centimeters long. The fruit is a dry achene with sharp barbs that adhere to fur and clothing, thus helping the plant with seed dispersal.
Coriaria myrtifolia - MHNT Coriaria myrtifolia, called in English redoul, is a shrub to 2–3 m tall. Myrtifolia means myrtle-like leaves. The fruit is a fleshy black berry achene slightly similar to a blackberry but toxic. Coriaria myrtifolia has the largest fruits in the genus Coriaria.
The often nodding flower head contains up to 50 yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a brownish or reddish body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of 15 to 30 silvery, hairy scales.
It is usually somewhat woolly in texture. The inflorescences at the ends of stem branches bear small hemispheric flower heads. The golden ray florets are up to a centimeter long and surround a center of many disc florets. The fruit is an achene about 2 millimeters long.
The large, slightly convex receptacle shows numerous, yellowish orange, hermaphrodite disc florets and two whorls of yellow ray florets. They flower from March to July. The long, villous, involucral bracts end in an apical sharp-pointed spine. The achene is glabrous or is covered with short hairs.
The inflorescence produces flower heads on long peduncles. The head has 5-12 yellow ray florets up to a centimeter (0.4 inches) long with lobed tips. The 16–65 yellow disc florets at the center have black anthers. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long.
The distinctive fruit is an achene with a brown, hairless body about half a centimeter long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of five long, jointed scales each up to a centimeter in length and lined with bristles and hairs.
The flower has four tiny sepals and no petals. The fruit is an achene. This species can be distinguished from the common Thalictrum fendleri by the size and texture of its leaflets and smaller number of achenes. This species is native to the Piceance Basin of Colorado.
Dichotomanthes is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rosaceae. The sole species is Dichotomanthes tristaniaecarpa. The flower is perigynous (sepals, petals and stamens around the edge of the ovary) the ovary is superior. The fruit of the plant is a dry achene.
Flower heads occur on the spreading branches. Each has up to 13 or 14 ray florets, each with an elongated tube and a whitish ligule up to 1.5 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, tan, plumelike pappus bristles.
The flower head is about half a centimeter long and is enclosed in narrow, sometimes purple-tinged phyllaries. The flowers are pinkish, purplish, or white. The fruit is a dark-colored, resinous achene about half a centimeter long, including its pappus of white or purplish bristles.
The face is fringed with 3-14 (typically 5) broad, 3-lobed ray florets which are usually white, but sometimes yellow. The center contains yellow disc florets with yellow anthers. The fruit is a hairy achene; fruits on disc florets have a pappus of stiff white hairs.
The inflorescence holds one to three daisylike flower heads lined with phyllaries coated in glandular hairs. The flower head has a center of yellow disc florets and a fringe of yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a white to cream-colored pappus.Flora of North America Vol.
Ovary 1.5mmlong, style 7.5mmlong, exserted from corolla up to 2mmand forming a crown-like structure, pale purple, stigma lobes 0.1 mm long, capitate, pigmented with dark pink to violet color. Achene 2.5e2.75 mm long, angled, 5-ribbed, not deeply ribbed, densely white hairy on ridges. Mature seeds black.
Each head is lined with glandular green or purplish phyllaries. It contains purple ray florets which may be up to 2.2 centimeters long, and yellow or purplish disc florets. Blooming occurs in summer, or as late as October. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.
The glandular leaves are triangular with serrated edges. The inflorescence is a dense cluster of fuzzy flower heads containing long, protruding disc florets in shades of white, pink, and blue. There are no ray florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with a rough, bristly pappus.
Leaves are crowded along the stem, each up to long. Flower heads are in clusters, with white or purple disc flowers but no ray flowers. The achene has several long, feathery bristles that give a white appearance and assure effective seed dispersal.Flora of North America, Facelis Cassini, 1819.
Leaf blades are each divided into several toothed leaflets and are borne on long petioles. The flower has five to eight shiny yellow petals each 1 to 2 centimeters long with many stamens and pistils at the center. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster.
It may have several thin leaves. The stems are topped with papery spikelets about half a centimeter long at maximum size and containing 4 to 12 flowers, each covered with a light-colored bract. The fruit is a minute white or yellow achene less than a millimeter long.
The head has a center of many yellow disc florets surrounded by up to 25 yellow ray florets. It blooms in the Spring. S&S; Seeds−California Native Seeds: Encelia actoni The fruit is an achene about half a centimeter long, usually lacking a pappus. It reseeds well.
The foliage is rough, mint-green, and sometimes sticky with glandular secretions. The stems are erect and bear daisylike flower heads with deep yellow ray florets and yellow to reddish or orange disc florets. The fruit is a reddish achene with a small pappus.Flora of North America Vol.
Each head has a bullet-shaped involucre lined with woolly, purple-tipped phyllaries. The head is discoid, containing no ray florets but many funnel-shaped pink, lavender, or purple disc florets with lobes that resemble ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus of bristles.
Koenigia alpina (synonym Aconogonon alpinum), commonly known as alpine knotweed, is similar to Koenigia alaskana, but differs in leaf size and achene characteristics. It is native to Europe and temperate Asia. It is one of the parents of the cultivated hybrid Koenigia × fennica, the other being Koenigia weyrichii.
The hanging flower heads contain several yellow disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is a hairy achene up to a long including its pappus. Most of the parts of the plant are very resinous and have a tarlike or hoplike scent. It has a bitter taste.
The inflorescence produces one or more tiny flower heads which are oblong or shaped like tops on close inspection. Each is a few millimeters wide, enclosed in phyllaries studded with stalked resin glands, and tipped with minute yellowish florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with no pappus.
The inflorescence contains several flower heads, each lined with woolly green phyllaries. The head contains many golden yellow disc florets and generally either 8 or 13 narrow yellow ray florets each up to a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene around a centimeter long, including its pappus of bristles.
The fruit is an egg-shaped hairless or powdery achene, that is beaked at its tip, and blunt and wrinkly at its base. The bracteoles that support the individual flowers become woody after flowering, a character that set Vexatorella apart from Leucospermum except for L. secundifolium that also develops woody bracteoles.
The Dryadoideae subfamily of the Rosaceae consists of four genera,. all of which contain representative species with root nodules that host the nitrogen- fixing bacterium Frankia.. They are subshrubs, shrubs, or small trees with a base chromosome number of 9, whose fruits are either an achene or an aggregate of achenes.
The anthers and curly styles protrude far from each floret, making the flower head look like a pincushion. The fruit is a compressed achene about half a centimeter long with no pappus.Flora of North America, White pincushion, Chaenactis artemisiifolia (Harvey & A. Gray) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts. 10: 74. 1874.
The inflorescence bears one to four flower heads lined with thick phyllaries. The head contains about 15 yellow disc florets surrounded by about 13 yellow ray florets each about long. The fruit is an achene with a pappus made up of two awns.Flora of North America, Grindelia fraxinipratensis Reveal & Beatley, 1972.
Disk flowers range from 15 to 40. The inflorescence is produced in a flat-topped capitulum cluster and the inflorescences are visited by many insects, featuring a generalized pollination system. The small achene-like fruits are called cypsela. The plant has a strong, sweet scent, similar to that of chrysanthemums.
The hairy leaves are usually divided into three leaflets which are borne on petioles a few centimeters in length. The flower has usually five yellow petals each up to a centimeter long and five reflexed sepals. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster of up to 35.
Heliopsis gracilis is a perennial herb up to tall, spreading by means of underground rhizomes. The plant generally produces 1-5 flower heads per stem. Each head contains 6-19 bright yellow ray florets surrounding 40 or more yellowish-brown disc florets. The fruit is an achene about 5 mm long.
The inflorescence is a single flower head or a cluster of a few heads, each lined with woolly phyllaries. The head contains yellow disc and ray florets. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long including its long pappus. There are two varieties of this species.
Baccharis vanessae is a sticky, glandular shrub producing dense, branching, erect stems approaching 2 meters in maximum height. The leaves are linear and up to long. This dioecious shrub produces male and female flower heads on different individuals. The fruit is an achene with a pappus up to a centimeter long.
The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads lined with spreading or curling, pointed phyllaries. The head has a center of many yellow disc florets and a fringe of many lavender to purple ray florets each long. The fruit is a flat achene about 1 cm long including the pappus.
The white flowers are small, clustered, and mildly scented, similar to acacia. The fruit is a tubular achene with the long, plumelike flower style still attached. The genus name comes from the Greek kerkos ("tail"), referring to the tail-like appearance of the fruit; and carpus ("fruit"), thus, "fruit with tail".
The flower head contains up to 200 white or yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a brown to nearly black, sometimes speckled body up to a centimeter long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of about five long, bristly, barbed scales.
The fruit is a small, smooth achene. In its native region this plant is a common weed of rice paddies. It was introduced to North America near Philadelphia around 1910 and probably spread via the railroads. It is present in much of the eastern United States and much of Canada.
The fruit is an achene with a gray or brown body a few millimeters long. At the tip of the body is a large pappus made up of 5 to over 20 long, hairy scales, each of which may exceed one centimeter in length. There are four Microseris laciniata subspecies.
Staminate flowers have 8 (sometimes 9) stamens and a rudimentary pistil. Pistillate flowers have rudimentary stamens and three spreading styles. The fruit is in the form of a black or dark brown unwinged achene, three-sided to more or less globe-shaped, at least partly enclosed by the persistent tepals.
Flowers occur singly or in small clusters along the stiff branches. Each head contains up to 15 or 16 ray florets, each with an elongated tube and a pink ligule 6 or 7 millimeters long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, plumelike pappus bristles.
Emilia sonchifolia completes its life cycle in approximately 90 days. There are two types of seed, which are defined by the color of the achene. The first, a female outer circle of florets of a flower head produces red and brown achenes. The second is the inner, off-white hermaphrodite florets.
The flowers may appear all year long where conditions are suitable. The fruit is a thorny curved achene and weight in average 10.1 mg (n=50). Calendulas are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including cabbage moth, gothic moth, large yellow underwing, and setaceous Hebrew character.
The head contains many bright purple flowers. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long which lacks a pappus. It flowers from July until September, and the seeds ripen from August to October. The Red Star- thistle has been identified as a Priority Species by the UK Biodiversity Action Plan.
Each head is lined with hairless, glandular phyllaries. The head is discoid, containing no ray florets and just a few pale purple, pinkish, or nearly white funnel-shaped disc florets with narrow lobes. The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus of bristles which may be fused into points.
The flower heads appear singly in leaf axils, each lined with purple-tipped, glandular, woolly phyllaries. The head is discoid, containing no ray florets but a few tubular light lavender to nearly white disc florets with long, narrow lobes. The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus on top.
The hairy leaves are each divided into three toothed, oval leaflets each up to 3 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a cyme of several flowers. Each flower has five oval yellow petals 1 or 2 millimeters long and five triangular sepals which are slightly longer. The fruit is a minute whitish achene.
Each hairy leaf is divided into three rounded leaflets which are toothed or lobed and measure up to 2 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is a cyme of a few flowers, each with five small yellow petals. The fruit is a minute achene just a millimeter wide, which is smooth with a crest.
The fruit is a ribbed achene, whitish with bristles on the top. 8 mm long in the shape of a cigar. Fruiting occurs from December to January. Whilst in no way related, the first impression of a healthy stand of blanket tree is strongly reminiscent of the rhododendrons of the Himalayas and China.
They have hairy edges. The fruit is a brown achene. The plant reproduces sexually by seed and colonies spread via vegetative reproduction, sprouting from the rhizomes. This plant, particularly the rhizomes, are a food source of muskrat, nutria, and other animals; it is strongly favored by the snow goose in its wintering grounds.
They are deeply veined, coated in woolly hairs, and glandular but not shiny. The inflorescence is a cyme of sunflower-like flower heads borne on a hairy, leafless peduncle. The flower head has several yellow ray florets measuring up to 1.5 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus.
The leaves have oval blades up to 4 centimeters wide which are borne on petioles up to 7 centimeters in length. Flowers have 5 to 7 shiny yellow petals each a few millimeters long and many stamens and pistils. The fruit is an achene borne in a spherical cluster of up to 15.
It is therefore difficult to identify which leaves are connected to which stem. This is the main method for how this species spreads across the alpine landscape. From the centre of the small ‘rosette’ emerges a white, small daisy like flower between December- March. The fruit of this species is an achene.
The inflorescence is made up of one to three flowers on narrow pedicels. The flower has five to eight oval or rounded shiny yellow petals up to 1.5 centimeters long each around a central nectary with many stamens and pistils. The fruit is an achene borne in a cluster of 17 or more.
The leaves are no more than a centimeter long. The flower head has many ray florets which are usually white, sometimes purple-tinged. They are 5 to 7 millimeters long. The fruit is an achene about half a centimeter long including the pappus, which is an elongated bristle surrounded by fused scales.
The flower heads are tiny, fluffy and can be pale dusty pink or whitish. The fruit is an achene about 2 or 3 mm long, borne by a pappus with hairs 3 to 5 mm long, which is distributed by the wind. The plant over-winters as a hemicryptophyte. Eupatorium cannabinum bluete.
Leaves are without petiole and directly attached to the stem, smooth margins and with thick hair underneath. Having more than one form of flower starting with a four-winged ray floret which matures into a one-seeded, one-celled, fruits which remain closed at maturity; an achene with the calyx tube remaining attached.
Its achene has a longitudinal ridge, may have black spots on either side, and are distributed by the wind. They are ovoid; slightly flattened, but curved in shape. A plant may have buds, flowers, and achenes simultaneously. Roots are a thick deep taproots that contain a white latex that is apparent when cut.
The inflorescence has two or three flowers. Each flower is a tiny cup merely a few millimeters wide containing several protruding stamens and one pistil. The style remains after the rest of the flower falls away. It is feathery and up to two centimeters long, with the fruit, an achene, at the tip.
It is a thin, spindly plant which reaches a meter in height. It starts from a basal rosette of leaves and branches extensively, often forming a weedy thicket. It produces small daisylike flowers with rectangular yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long topped with a white pappus.
The erect, three-angled stems often exceed one meter tall. Sheathing leaves occur at the stem bases as well as higher up the stems. The inflorescence is a panicle of many clusters of spikelets and leaflike bracts on long, thin branches. The fruit is a pale, smooth achene less than 2 millimeters long.
The inflorescence is a branching panicle of many yellow flower heads at the top of the stem, sometimes with over 200 small heads. Each head contains about 5-14 yellow ray florets a few millimeters long surrounding 6-20 disc florets. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads lined with pointed, roughly hairy phyllaries. The head has a center of many yellow disc florets and a fringe of 16 to 18 yellow ray florets roughly a centimeter long. The fruit is a woolly achene 2 to 3 millimeters long tipped with a pappus.
Flower heads occur at intervals along the mostly naked stems, especially near the tips. Each has a cylindrical base covered in hairless phyllaries. It contains 3 to 6 florets, each with an elongated tube and a flat pink ligule. The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of plumelike pappus bristles.
There are smaller, narrower leaves along the lower part of the stem. The inflorescence is 1-3 flower heads lined on the lower outside with hairy phyllaries. The head has 45–90 blue or purple ray florets surrounding many yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescence is an array of clusters of flower heads. Each head is lined with phyllaries that are coated densely with stalked knobby resin glands. It bears yellow, lobe-tipped ray florets a few millimeters long and several black-anthered disc florets. The fruit is a flat, hairless achene with no pappus.
The flower head opens into a face of up to 10 yellow ray florets. There are no disc florets. The fruit is a narrow achene 7 or 8 millimeters long tipped with a pappus of white hairlike bristles.Flora of North America, Longleaf or tapertip hawksbeard, Crepis acuminata Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc.
The fruit is a hairy achene up to a centimeter long including its long, soft pappus.Flora of North America, Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 396 Pinewoods pussytoes, Antennaria geyeri A. Gray The species is named for German botanist Karl Andreas Geyer (1809-1853), who initially discovered the species near Spokane.Gray, Asa 1849.
The inflorescence is usually a solitary flower head with a bell-shaped base up to 1.5 centimeters wide. It is lined with green or yellowish phyllaries with white edges. It contains several yellow ray florets and many disc florets. The fruit is an achene at least a centimeter long including its pappus.
The inflorescence contains 3-70 flower heads borne on hairy, glandular peduncles. Each head contains up to 18 yellow ray florets each up to a centimeter long, and many disc florets at the center. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter (>0.4 inches) long including its pappus.Heterotheca shevockii.
Eriogonum alpinum is a perennial herb growing in mats, no more than wide and tall. The woolly greenish leaves are rounded and one to three centimeters long. The plant produces an erect inflorescence of bright yellow to pinkish flowers, each under a centimeter wide. The fruit is an achene about half a centimeter long.
Flowering occurs during the summer. Each head is 3 to 5 centimeters wide and long and has an involucre of phyllaries which are purple, curve outward, and taper into hard, toothed spines. The head bears many hairlike pinkish purple flowers. The fruit is an achene with a plumelike pappus up to 2 centimeters long.
There is one golden ray floret per phyllary, up to a centimeter in length and sometimes faintly toothed at the tip. At the center of the head are yellow disc florets. The blooming period is 3 to 4 weeks long, occurring in March and April. The fruit is an achene about 2 millimeters long.
The foliage is made up of woolly leaves divided into many thin, flat, threadlike segments. The inflorescence is a narrow cluster of several flower heads. The fruit is a tiny resinous achene with a pappus of hairs.Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 530 Island sagebrush, Artemisia nesiotica P. H. Raven, Aliso.
Each head is about 13 millimeters long and wrapped in flat, wide, purplish green overlapping phyllaries. At the tip of the head are a number of long white to pink disc florets. The bloom period is August through November. The fruit is a hairy cylindrical achene 3 millimeters long with a pappus of bristles.
The leathery oval leaves are up to 2.5 centimeters long. They are shiny and hairless on the upper surfaces and woolly-haired on the undersides. The inflorescence is a panicle of bell-shaped flower heads containing disc florets. The fruit is an achene up to 8 millimeters long including its pappus of barbed white hairs.
It flowers from March or April to June. The inflorescence has 5 hardened phyllaries surrounding a head of 5 yellow ray flowers with several yellow disk flowers. The ray flowers have 3 strong lobes, or teeth. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of 30–40 white bristles about long, fused at their base.
The spikelet is lance-shaped to oval and less than a centimeter long. It contains two to seven flowers, each of which is covered with a brown or black bract. The fruit is a yellow-brown achene two or three millimeters long.Flora of North America, Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O. Schwarz, Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges.
Flora of North America, Brickellia greenei A. Gray The inflorescences hold widely spaced flower heads, each about long and lined with narrow, pointed phyllaries. Each flower head holds a nearly spherical array of about 60 thready disc florets. The fruit is a hairy cylindrical achene about long with a pappus of bristles.Gray, Asa 1877.
The individual flowers are bisexual, scented and white, with parts in fives. This is followed by a partially woody, conical achene surrounded by a winged calyx, containing a single, large seed. The tree is very similar to the closely related Lophira alata but is smaller, has narrower leaves with longer stalks, and larger seeds.
Each head is lined with rigid, hairy and glandular phyllaries and filled with white, pink, or pale yellow flowers. The flowers around the edges are larger and open-faced, and the ones in the center of the head are smaller and somewhat tubular in shape. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales.
Reynoutria multiflora is a herbaceous perennial vine growing to tall from a woody tuber. The leaves are long and broad, broad arrowhead-shaped, with an entire margin. The flowers are diameter, white or greenish-white, produced on short, dense panicles up to long in summer to mid autumn. The fruit is an achene long.
Ambrosia monogyra is a shrub up to 400 cm (160 inches) tall. Leaves are very thin and thread-like, sometimes divided into thread-like lobes. The staminate flowers have translucent white corollas and the pistillate flowers are rounded, fruit- bearing structures. The fruit is an achene with a single whorl of several papery wings.
This biennial or short-lived perennial plant usually has a stout taproot and/or pubescent stems when young. It has deeply lobed leaves and vibrant pink flowers. The sepals have black tips that look like spots, which is the origin of its common name. The fruit is an achene with a short, stubby pappus.
The inflorescence is a solitary flower head or a cluster of 2 or 3 heads, each with up to 11 yellow ray florets which may be up to 4.5 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long, not counting its pappus. The seeds are edible and taste similar to sunflower seeds.
5mm long. The body of the perigynia is inflated around the achene and has 5-9 nerves. The achenes (fruits) are yellow-brown color and 1.5-2mm long x 1mm wide. Below each perigynia is a pistilate scale, this scale is accuminate or rough awned at the tip and between 2.9-9.8mm long x .3-.
The leaves are deeply divided into many variously-shaped lobes which may have toothed edges or smaller lobes. The inflorescence bears flower heads lined with glandular, hairy to woolly phyllaries. They are filled with numerous yellow ray florets but no disc florets. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter long including its pappus.
The flower head is urn-shaped and covered in phyllaries. The head opens slightly at the top, revealing many yellow disc florets and sometimes one or more tiny yellow ray florets, although these may be absent. The fruit is a long, thin achene coated in ashy gray hairs and tipped with a pappus of long, white bristles.
They measure up to long. The inflorescence is a flower head lined with green, sometimes purple-speckled, phyllaries and containing many yellow ray florets and no disc florets. The fruit is a cylindrical achene up to long not including the large pappus of up to 30 silvery white bristles which may be an additional in length.
The inflorescence is a solitary flower head or a few heads clustered together atop the woolly stem. The flower head is enclosed in hairy purple phyllaries and contains 8 or 13 yellow ray florets up to a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus half a centimeter in length. Blooming occurs in August through October.
The fruit is an achene borne in a cluster of several. While buttercups are toxic due to the presence of the substance protoanemonin, this applies in particular for the cursed buttercup: it is the most toxic buttercup and contains 2.5% protoanemonin. When the leaves are wrinkled, damaged or crushed, they bring out unsightly sores and blisters on human skin.
It is deciduous, dropping its leaves during the dry summer when it becomes dormant. The inflorescence is a raceme of small clusters of flower heads sprouting from leaf axils. Each head contains several tiny bell-shaped sterile disc florets and a few fertile ray florets. The fruit is a tiny hairy achene less than a millimeter long.
The evergreen foliage is dark green, glandular, sticky, and very aromatic. New twigs and leaves are somewhat woolly, but older parts are hairless. The narrow inflorescence holds clusters of flower heads lined with rough, shiny, slightly hairy phyllaries and containing yellowish disc florets. The fruit is an achene up to 2 millimeters long, sometimes with a pappus.
The upper leaves are smaller and have woolly, glandular surfaces. The inflorescence is sparsely flowered in flower heads which open in the evening and close early in the morning. Each small head has five short light yellow ray florets with lobed tips, and six yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with no pappus.
Lesser celandine is a hairless perennial, with spirally-arranged cordate dark-green leaves without stipules. It produces actinomorphic (radially symmetrical) flowers with 3 sepaloid tepals and 7 to 12 glossy yellow petaloid tepals. Double flowered varieties also occur. The stamens and carpels are numerous, and the fruit is a single-seeded achene with a very short style.
The flower head is enclosed in five waxy, gland-studded phyllaries. It bears 20 to 30 flowers, which are disc florets. Each flower is white or purplish and has a long, curling style protruding from it. The fruit is a cylindrical achene topped with a pappus of bristles, the whole unit measuring over one centimeter long.
The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with a pappus which may be up to 4 centimeters in length.Flora of North America, Cirsium undulatumUnited States Department of Agriculture Plants Profile Cirsium undulatum has been shown to have its seed production reduced by an exotic weevil Larinus planus which was released to control canada thistle.
The inflorescence is a panicle of woolly flower heads containing disc florets. The fruit is an achene 1 to 2 millimeters long with a pappus of barbed white hairs up to 5 millimeters long. Volcanic debris on Mount Taranaki has been colonized by this species, which occurs in dense stands up to 100 years old.Clarkson, B. D. (1990).
Top view of the flower The plant bears daisylike yellow-centered white or yellow flowers with three-toothed ray florets. The leaves are toothed and generally arrowhead-shaped. Its fruit is a hard achene covered with stiff hairs and having a feathery, plumelike white pappus at one end. Calyx is represented by scales or reduced to pappus.
The inflorescence is a cyme of up to 16 sunflower-like flower heads with deep yellow ray florets each up to 2.5 centimeters long. At the center are up to 100 disc florets with long yellow corollas and dark brown anthers. The fruit is a brown, winged achene over a centimeter in length including the pappus at the tip.
Each head has a cylindrical base under a centimeter long and contains 9 to 12 light lavender or pinkish flowers. Each flower is a ray floret with an erect tube and a strap-shaped ligule with a toothed tip. The ligule is just under a centimeter long. The fruit is a cylindrical, ribbed achene with a white pappus.
The green to reddish stem is up to 30 centimeters long and bears an inflorescence of clustered flowers. Each flower is almost a centimeter wide and has hairy pointed sepals and smaller rounded to spoon-shaped yellow petals. In the center of the flower are up to 40 stamens and many pistils. The fruit is a tiny pale achene.
The plant produces an inflorescence just a few centimeters to half a meter tall consisting of flower heads which are cylindrical to hemispheric in shape. Each head contains many yellow to orange disc florets and sometimes a few ray florets. The fruit is a long, narrow achene 1 to 2 centimeters in length including its pappus of plumelike bristles.
They are encased in thick, fuzzy sepals which are yellow inside and reddish or orange on the outer surface. There are no petals, but the sepals remain after the flower opens, surrounding the patch of whiskery stamens and the central pistil. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long. The plant reproduces from seed, but very rarely.
The head is lined with spiny, purple-tipped phyllaries which curve outward. The head contains many red, purplish, or rose pink flowers, each up to 4.5 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene with a brown body 6 or 7 millimeters long topped with a pappus which may be 4 centimeters in length. The flower heads attract hummingbirds.
Taraxacum holmboei, the Troödos dandelion, is a rosulate perennial herb, up to 10 cm high. Leaves simple, all in rosette, deeply divided (pinnatifid), with deltoid-acute lobes, glabrous, oblong in outline, 3.5-10 x 8-2.5 cm. Flowers in capitula, with yellow, ligulate florets, flowering May–June (hysteranthous, flowers appearing after leaf development). Fruit a pappose achene.
There can sometimes be over 1000 small disc florets in the head, each yellow at the bottom but brown or purple toward the tip. The 13-17 yellow ray florets are small and inconspicuous, pointing backwards down the flower stalk. Sometimes the ray florets are completely absent. The fruit is a hairy achene one to two millimeters long.
The herbage is coated in soft hairs. The inflorescence bears many flower heads. Each head has narrow, pointed, hairy phyllaries, a large dense center of many yellow disc florets, and a short fringe of many rectangular yellow ray florets, which are only about 2 millimeters long each. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of bristles.
The largest heads may be up to 5 centimeters (2 inches) in diameter. They are packed with white or lavender disc florets but no ray florets. The fruit is a flat brown achene with a long pappus which may reach 2 centimeters long. Unlike many other thistles, this species tends not to be a troublesome noxious weed.
The numerous small flowers are regular, with the perianth segments in two whorls of three, the outer whorl spreading and the inner one covering the developing fruits. There are six stamens, three fused carpels and three styles. The fruit is a triangular–ovate achene, at first green then brown. This plant flowers from June to September.
Atop the stems are solitary flower heads which are ligulate, containing layered rings of ray florets with no disc florets. The florets are yellow with toothed tips. The fruit is a cylindrical achene with a pappus of scales. Fruits near the center of the flower head are rough, while those growing along the edges of the head are smooth.
It has woolly green herbage. The leaves are lined with triangular lobes and the lowest leaves approach 40 centimeters (16 inches) long. The inflorescence is an open array of many ligulate flower heads, each with woolly phyllaries and several yellow ray florets but no disc florets. The fruit is a narrow, ribbed achene just under a centimeter long.
8: 213. 1874. The inflorescence holds one to several daisylike flower heads, which nod as buds and then pull erect when the face opens. Each head has a center filled with yellow disc florets and usually several yellow ray florets around the edge. The fruit is a cylindrical achene about half a centimeter long with a bristly pappus.
The head has a center of many yellow disc florets and a fringe of 25-35 lavender or white ray florets each a few millimeters long. The fruit is a hairy achene between 1 and 2 millimeters long. Fruits from the disc florets generally have pappi.Flora of North America, Arida arizonica' It flowers between March and June.
Female plants bearing slightly larger flower heads containing pistillate flowers, and male plants producing staminate flowers. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter long, most of which is a long pappus attached to a small hard body.Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 408 Evergreen or everlasting pussytoes Antennaria suffrutescens GreeneGreene, Edward Lee 1898.
The flowers are pale green, produced in dense terminal spikes. The seeds are brown, 1–1.3 mm diameter, contained in a 2–2.5 mm achene. It is critically endangered in Utah, and endangered in Arizona (though no status has been set). The seeds and young leaves were used by the Hopi Indians as a food source.
The inflorescence is a solitary bell-shaped, sunflower-like flower head sometimes tucked amongst the uppermost leaves. The head contains about 13 yellow ray florets which may be 2 to 3 centimeters long or more. At the center are yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene about 7 millimeters long which does not have a pappus.
The bell-shaped involucre is lined with pointed phyllaries that curl back as the head matures. The head is discoid, with no ray florets but several tubular golden disc florets with raylike lobes. The plant blooms in July through November.Golden Gate National Recreation Area: 2008 Endangered Species Big Year The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus.
The inflorescence is generally a single flower head, or sometimes more than one. The head has a bell-shaped base with curving phyllaries which are green to tan. The head contains a few white ray florets and has white disc florets at the center. The fruit is a hairy achene which is roughly a centimeter long including its pappus.
Flowers are grouped to form cymes. In the dioecious plants the masculine inflorescences are long and look like panicles, while the feminine are shorter and bear fewer flowers. The pistil is made of two connate carpels, the usually superior ovary is unilocular; there is no fixed number of stamens. The fruit can be an achene or a drupe.
Bougainvillea spectabilis grows as a woody vine or shrub, reaching with heart-shaped leaves and thorny, pubescent stems. The flowers are generally small, white, and inconspicuous, highlighted by several brightly colored modified leaves called bracts. The bracts can vary in color, ranging from white, red, mauve, purple-red, or orange. Its fruit is a small, inconspicuous, dry, elongated achene.
The plant produces cylindrical flower heads just a few millimeters wide, containing usually 3-4 bright yellow disc flowers. The phyllaries (green bracts surrounding the flower head) are concave. The disc florets have ray-like lobes, but there are no true ray flowers. The fruit is an achene about half a centimeter long including a short pappus.
The fruit is an achene a few millimeters in length. It is coated in rough hairs and usually has a pappus on the tip.Flora of North America, Solidago multiradiataAiton, 1789. Northern or Rocky Mountain goldenrod , verge d’or à rayons nombreux The plant has been noted to be among the first species to resprout after oil spills in Alaska.
Ozothamnus × expansifolius is a species of Ozothamnus. It is a small pine-like plant, it has flowers that are white or reddish-brown, and the fruit achene grows on it. The plant's habitat is on mountain slopes and heaths at altitudes of 900-1200m. It can tolerate snowfalls and it can adapt to semi-shaded or sunny places.
The leaves are linear (long and very narrow) and up to long. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads at separate nodes, surrounded by short bracts tipped with resin glands. The hairy flower heads have a center of many purple-tipped disc florets as well a few yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene.
The inflorescence contains several flower heads, each lined with hairy green phyllaries. The head contains many golden yellow disc florets and generally either 8 or 13 yellow ray florets each up to a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene with a body about a millimeter long tipped with a pappus of 3 or 4 millimeters. The bloom period is May to July.
The inflorescence is a cluster of several flower heads, each a bullet-shaped body covered in purple or purple-tinged green phyllaries. The head opens at the tip to bloom with several white to purple tubular disc florets; there are no ray florets. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus, the whole unit sometimes exceeding a centimeter in length.
C. apiculatum logs, showing dark heartwood and pale sapwood winged achene containing one seed This tree has dense (1.15), fine-grained, strong, dark brown to black heartwood, sometimes used as firewood or for making charcoal. It is hard, and termite-resistant. The tree responds well to coppicing, growing back with plentiful foliage. The bark has been used in leather tanning.
The leaves are made up of several lance-shaped leaflets each up to 8 centimeters long. The inflorescence produces several small flower heads with centers of yellow disc florets and a fringe of 3 to 5 yellow ray florets a few millimeters in length. Some heads lack ray florets. The fruit is a flattened achene with two sharp barbs at one end.
At the tip of the stem is an inflorescence of one or more clusters of glandular flowers. Each flower has generally five green and red, densely silver-haired, triangular sepals and five smaller oval or spoon-shaped white petals. The center of the Ivesia argyrocoma flowers contain twenty yellow-anthered white stamens and several pistils. The fruit is a tiny smooth brown achene.
Clusters of woolly leaves grow near the spines. The inflorescence bears up to 7 flower heads which are each enveloped in four or five woolly phyllaries. Each head contains up to four or five tubular yellow flowers each around a centimeter long. The fruit is a hairy achene which may be nearly 2 centimeters long, including its pappus of long bristles.
The narrow, pointed leaves are usually no more than a centimeter long and most occur in clusters along the branches. The inflorescence bears up to seven flower heads which are each enveloped in four woolly phyllaries. Each head contains four yellow cream flowers each around a centimeter long. The fruit is a hairy, ribbed achene with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescence is a raceme of flowers that arches over as the flowers and fruit develop. Each flower has a bell-shaped calyx of green or purplish sepals bearing up to fifteen long purple stamens tipped with large yellow anthers. There is a single carpel and no petals. The fruit is a dry achene with longitudinal ridges and tipped with a bristle.
It bears one flower with usually five white or red-tinged petals each up to 2 centimeters long with white or pinkish sepals at the base. At the center of the flower are many yellow stamens and pistils. The fruit is an achene, borne in a spherical cluster of 14 or more. It was named after Charles Lewis Anderson by Asa Gray.
7: 287. 1840. The inflorescences at the tip of the slender stem holds clusters of nodding flower heads, each just over a centimeter long and lined with greenish phyllaries with curling tips. The bell-shaped flower head holds a spreading array of 20 to 40 disc florets. The fruit is a hairy cylindrical achene about 4 millimeters long with a pappus of bristles.
The inflorescences hold solitary flower heads, each about 2.4 centimeters long and lined with woolly gray-green to grayish purple phyllaries. Each flower head holds an array of about 60 red, yellowish, or grayish disc florets. The fruit is a hairy cylindrical achene about a centimeter long with a pappus of bristles.Flora of North America, Brickellia incana A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts.
The flowers and seeds grow on long clusters at the top of a stalk emerging from the basal rosette; in many species, the flowers are green, but in some (such as sheep's sorrel, Rumex acetosella) the flowers and their stems may be brick-red. Each seed is a three-sided achene, often with a round tubercle on one or all three sides.
The tubes measure 2.3 to 2.6 mm while the throats are typically only 0.9 to 1.2 mm long. The lobes, i.e. the friges of the throat, are reflexed and lanceolate in shape, measuring 0.7 to 1.4 mm. The fruit are cypselae, a type of achene, which are brown in colour, slightly compressed and are between cylindric and obovoid, or inversely egg-shaped.
The flower head has a base made up of three layers of pointed phyllaries coated in gray or silvery hairs. The head has a fringe of many yellow ray florets each up to 5 centimeters (2 inches) long, surrounding many small disc florets of the same color. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long with a small pappus.
Each head has a bell-shaped base about half a centimeter (0.2 inches) long which is lined with phyllaries with pointed, darkened tips. The head contains 8-15 yellow ray florets just a few millimeters long, surrounding 20-60 disc florets. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.Flora of North America, Solidago spithamaea, M. A. Curtis ex A. Gray, 1842.
This is a perennial herb growing up to 75 centimeters tall. The leaves are up to 35 centimeters in length and wavy, toothed, or lobed along the edges. The inflorescence is borne on an erect peduncle, the flower head containing up to 70 yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene with a pale body up to a centimeter long.
Lasthenia maritima is an annual herb with short, decumbent to prostrate stems lined with fleshy lobed or unlobed leaves up to 9 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears flower heads lined with hairy phyllaries and ringed with 7 to 12 gold ray florets each about 3 millimeters long. The fruit is a small, hairy achene often topped with a brownish pappus.
The flowers bloom in early to midsummer, and have a strong, aromatic smell. The flowers contain a blue essential oil, what gives it the characteristic smell and interesting properties. This colour characteristic of the oil, attributable to the chamazulene it contains, explains why the plant is also known by the common name Blue Chamomile. The fruit is a yellowish-brown achene.
Rhynchospora alba, the white beak-sedge, is a plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae. It is a tufted herbaceous perennial around 50 cm tall, with white inflorescences that flower in August. The fruit of the sedge is a small achene with a characteristic beak-like cap. It is dispersed by wind or falls by gravity, leading to individuals existing in tight clumps.
The inflorescence produces one or more large sunflower-like flower heads at the top of the hairy stem. The head has narrow, hairy phyllaries at the base. It contains up to 21 yellow ray florets each up to 4.5 centimeters long and many yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene which may be nearly 2 centimeters long including its pappus.
They are coated in woolly hairs and resin glands, and the edges are smooth or slightly serrated. The inflorescence is made up of one or more flower heads. The head has lance-shaped phyllaries and has up to 20 yellow ray florets which can be up to 6 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene over a centimeter long tipped with a pappus.
The head has a base with long, narrow phyllaries which may be over 2 centimeters long. The head contains up to 60 or more lavender, pale blue, or white ray florets which may be over 3 centimeters long. The bloom period is March through June. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long, including its pappus of bristles.
Streblus smithii (also known as Smith's milkwood and the Three Kings milk tree) is a species of plant in the family Moraceae. It is endemic to Three Kings Islands, New Zealand. The bark exudes a thick white (often referred to as a milk-like) sap when cut. The flowers are small and unisexual and the fruit is either achene or drupe.
Plants in most other areas are mostly gynoecious, reproducing asexually via apomixis. The plant forms mats by spreading stolons and sprouting new stems. The flower heads are lined with an outer layer of phyllaries which are variable in color from white to red, green, or brown. The fruit is an achene with a pappus that helps it disperse on the wind.
The yellow flowers turn purple-red at the base and are larger than the involucre. It blooms in June and July. The fruit is a white, thick, long and deeply furrowed achene surmounted by a small pappus. S. libanotica leaves are whole, slightly toothed towards the base, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, more or less acute that narrow at the petiole.
Symphyotrichum chilense is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing to heights between 40 centimeters and one meter. The hairy leaves are narrowly oval-shaped, pointed, and sometimes finely serrated along the edges. The inflorescence holds aster flower heads with centers of yellow disc florets and fringes of many narrow light purple ray florets. The fruit is a rounded, hairy achene with a pappus.
Achene and Shakya begin to suspect something is wrong in the house and consider leaving. Meanwhile, Sithum is injured and unable to walk. As a result, the three girls decide to leave him in the house alone and decide to go to a house close by to ask for help. At that moment, they see a kovil and meet Mahendra Sami.
The gray-green woolly leaves are divided into several lobes or leaflets which are subdivided into smaller lobes. The inflorescence is generally a cluster of a few flower heads lined with hairy phyllaries and containing yellow disc florets. There are no ray florets. The fruit is a tiny ribbed achene which swells up and becomes gluey in texture when it is moistened.
It also bears one or more tiny, glandular flower heads, each with 1 or 2 disc florets and sometimes 1 or 2 lobed white ray florets. The fruit is an achene; those arising from the disc florets may have a pappus of scales at the tip.Carr, Gerald D. 1975. Brittonia 27(2): 140–141Flora of North America, Calycadenia hooveri G. D. Carr, Brittonia.
The center of each head contains golden yellow disc florets and a fringe of bright golden ray florets approaching 3 centimeters in maximum length. The fruit is a hairy achene up to a centimeter long, not counting its off-white pappus. Seeds are dispersed on the wind. An individual plant can live twelve years, surviving periodic wildfire by resprouting from its long, slender rhizome afterward.
Lasthenia minor is an annual herb growing erect to a maximum height near 35 centimeters. The woolly stem may be branched or not and has oppositely-arranged pairs of linear leaves. The flower heads are under a centimeter wide and have hairy phyllaries and golden yellow ray and disc florets. The fruit is an achene up to about two millimeters long with a pappus of scales.
The fruit is an achene, with a persistent calyx which may consists of spines, contains one seed that is only enclosed by a thin pericarp and has fleshy endosperm. The sepals may be free or fused calyx lobes, sometimes spine-like and woody on the outside. Fruits may be dispersed separately when ripe or can remain on the floral base that breaks free of the plant.
The flowers lack petals and can range in colour from green to white or purple. The flowers are wind pollinated. Acaena novae-zelandiae seeds on a glove, demonstrating their ability to attach easily to articles of clothing. Each flower produces one achene, bearing four approximately 10 mm long spines, tipped with barbs, which aid dispersal by attaching to wool, feathers and various clothing materials.
Each head contains a center of yellow disc florets, some of which bear prominent white stigmas and white pollen. Around the edge of the head is a fringe of yellow ray florets with red stigmas. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long which becomes sticky when wet. The plant is known from fifteen occurrences, but six of these may be degraded or destroyed.
From each leaf-bearing node grows an inflorescence of one to three flowers with narrow petallike sepals in shades of light yellow. Most of the flower is made up of a spray of up to 50 stamens and almost as many similar- looking pistils. The fruit is an achene equipped with a long plume-like style. The specific epithet pauciflora is Latin for 'few-flowered'.
The leaves are generally divided into lobes or are compound, with each leaf made up of a few oval-shaped leaflets. The inflorescence is a dense cyme of many funnel-shaped white flowers each 3 or 4 millimeters long with three long, protruding stamens. The fruit is a ribbed achene about half a centimeter long which may be tipped with the featherlike remains of the flower sepals.
The term "drupaceous" is used of fruits that have the general structure and texture of a drupe, without necessarily meeting the full definition. Other drupe-like fruits with a single seed that lack the stony endocarp include sea- buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides, Elaeagnaceae), which is an achene, surrounded by a swollen hypanthium that provides the fleshy layer. Fruits of Coffea species are described as either drupes or berries.
The hairy leaves are 2 to 5 centimeters long and linear in shape, those on the lower stem toothed and those on the upper smooth-edged. The inflorescence bears flower heads with five bright yellow three-lobed ray florets, six yellow disc florets with black anthers, and phyllaries with long, soft hairs. The fruit is a glossy black achene two to three millimeters long.
This is an annual plant with a paper- thin stem approaching 40 centimeters in height at maximum. It may have a few thin leaves near the base. Its spherical inflorescence is one to two centimeters wide and contains several spikelets each a few millimeters long. Each spikelet has a flat layer of flowers which yield oval-shaped achene fruits, each about one millimeter long.
This structure is called the perigynium or utricle, a modified prophyll. It is typically extended into a "rostrum" or beak, which is often divided at the tip (bifid) into two teeth. The shape, venation, and vestiture (hairs) of the perigynium are important structures for distinguishing Carex species. The fruit of Carex is a dry, one- seeded indehiscent achene or nut which grows within the perigynium.
Autumn colors occur from October–November, mainly a bright yellow, also orange, rarely red. The inflorescence consists of a long drooping catkin, which blooms from March to April. The fruit is a wind dispersed achene, that appears to look like patches of cotton hanging from limbs, thus the name cottonwood. The largest known P. fremontii tree in the United States grows in Skull Valley, Arizona.
Anemonastrum richardsonii has rhizomes (underground stems) which are thread-like with stalked leaves that are palmately lobed. It also has stem leaves that are 3-parted and sharply toothed in a whorled arrangement below the flowers. The flower develops into an achene (a dry fruit), which is generally small, long. It is sub-spherical (nearly round), lacks hairs, and is hooked at the tip.
Each umbel has five to seven umbellets. The fruit is a lateral fusiform or ovoid achene 4–5 mm (– in) long, containing two mericarps with a single seed. Cumin seeds have eight ridges with oil canals. They resemble caraway seeds, being oblong in shape, longitudinally ridged, and yellow-brown in colour, like other members of the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) such as caraway, parsley, and dill.
The slightly hairy leaves are several centimeters long and generally oval-shaped, sometimes with small teeth and basal lobes. The inflorescence holds one or more flower heads which are knobby clusters of yellow disc florets but no ray florets. The phyllaries surrounding the flower head are particularly sticky. The fruit is an achene up to a centimeter (0.4 inches) long, not including its pappus hairs.
The flower head is lined with sticky yellow-green phyllaries and contains several yellowish protruding flowers. The fruit is a hairy achene a few millimeters long with a wispy pappus at the tip. The species grows in sagebrush and woodland habitatFlora of North America, Yellow or sticky-leaf rabbitbrush, Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus (Hooker) Nuttall C. viscidiflorus contains an unusual m-hydroxyacetophenone derivative, named viscidone, and chromanone derivatives.
Ericameria brachylepis is a bushy shrub growing 100–200 cm (40-80 inches) high with branches covered in thready leaves up to 2.5 centimeters (1.0 inch) long. The inflorescence is a cluster of flower heads, each head lined with phyllaries and resin glands. The flower head contains several yellow disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is a small achene topped with a white pappus.
It is also suspected to be allelopathic, releasing a toxin from its roots that stunts the growth of nearby plants of other species. Its seed is an achene about a quarter of an inch long, with a small bristly pappus at the tip which makes the wind its primary means of dispersal. The leaves are a pale grayish- green. They are covered in fine short hairs.
The ovoid fruit has a rough surface, and each fruit is divided into many achenes, each achene surrounded by a fleshy perianth and growing on a fleshy receptacle. Most selectively bred cultivars have seedless fruit, whereas seeded varieties are grown mainly for their edible seeds. Breadfruit is usually propagated using root cuttings. Breadfruit is closely related to the breadnut, from which it might have been naturally selected.
The linear or lance-shaped leaves are up to 8 centimeters long and their edges are lined with widely spaced teeth. Solitary flower heads occur on erect peduncles. Each head contains up to 10 ray florets, each with an elongated tube and a fringed pink ligule roughly a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, plumelike pappus bristles.
Its leaves are nearly thread-like. Its inflorescence is loose and sparsely flowered. In the northern area of its range it fruits from late spring to summer, while in the southern area it is reproductive year-round. It is similar to Rhynchospora stenophylla, from which Rhynchospora rariflora can be distinguished by having bristles that are shorter than the achene body, and by its smaller tubercle.
The blooming period occurs from mid-spring to mid-summer and lasts about 2–3 months for a colony of plants. The small achenes are bullet-shaped (tapered at the base, but truncate at the top). Each achene has 5 small scales and a tuft of 5 hairs at its apex; the hairs are longer than the scales. These achenes are distributed by the wind.
The blade is oval to spade-shaped and may be several centimeters long. The inflorescence contains one or more hairy, glandular, daisylike flower heads, each with a center of yellowish disc florets and a fringe of yellow ray florets which approach 3 centimeters in maximum length. The fruit is a cylindrical achene about 7 millimeters long which is covered in stiff hairs and has a white pappus at one end.
This is a small annual herb producing a glandular stem up to about 35 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear to lance-shaped, with the lower ones lobed and up to about 7 centimeters in length. The daisylike flower heads contain toothed yellow ray florets and yellow disc florets with yellow anthers. The fruit is an achene; fruits on the disc florets have a long white pappus of plumelike bristles.
The hairy, leathery leaves are oval, up to about long, and usually lined with spiny teeth. The plant produces several flower heads each roughly a centimeter (0.4 inches) wide when open. The flower head is lined with roughly hairy, glandular phyllaries and contains disc florets surrounded with a fringe of tiny yellow ray florets. The fruit is a hairy white achene topped with a pappus of many white or brown bristles.
The inflorescence contains one or more daisy-like flower heads lined in glandular phyllaries. Each has a center of yellow disc florets and several yellow ray florets up to 3 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene with a white pappus. The plant was first described in 1832 by German- Russian botanist Gustav Heinrich von Bongard, based on material collected near Sitka, now in Alaska (then called Russian America).
The leaves have large teeth along the edges (hence the name, sawtooth) to occasionally nearly entire and the tips are pointed. The head (formally composite flower) is 3 to 4 inches (7–10 cm) wide with golden-yellow disk flowers that bloom in summer and autumn. The 10-20 yellow ray florets are about 1.5 inches (3.81 cm) long. The fruit is a single achene within a husk.
The inflorescence is a single flower head or an array of a few or many heads. The head is hemispherical to bell-shaped and generally no more than a centimeter wide. The head has a center of many golden disc florets and a fringe of 8 to 12 white ray florets each just a few millimeters long. The fruit is an achene, usually with a pappus at the tip.
The fruit is an achene long including its long pappus of bristles. The shrub is wildfire-resistant, resprouting vigorously and increasing in herbage and seed production in seasons following a fire.US Forest Service Fire Ecology Fire suppression efforts decrease the abundance of the shrub and frequent burns increase it. The shrub is toxic to sheep, causing photosensitivity, bad wool quality, abortion, and death due to the presence of furanoeremophilanes.
The leaves are narrow, curving, and hooklike, hardening into sharp spines up to 2.5 centimeters long. The inflorescence bears one or two flower heads which are each enveloped in four to six woolly phyllaries. Each head contains up to 8 tubular yellow flowers up to a centimeter long. The fruit is a densely hairy achene which may be nearly 2 centimeters long, including its pappus of long bristles.
Flowering is from early summer to early autumn; pollination is anemophilous. The fruit is a small achene; seed dispersal is by gravity. It grows naturally on uncultivated arid ground, on rocky slopes, and at the edge of footpaths and fields. Although once relatively common, it is becoming increasingly rare in the UK where it has recently been suggested that it is an archaeophyte rather than a true native.
The top of the stem bears a multibranched inflorescence with many flower heads. Each head is just over a centimeter (0.4 inches) wide and has many whitish to light blue ray florets but no disc florets. The fruit is a mottled achene about half a centimeter (0.2 inches) long with a brownish pappus. Lactuca biennis was described botanically in 1794, with the name Sonchus biennis, then transferred to Lactuca in 1940.
The flowers arise on naked peduncles with one to three flower heads per plant. Each flower head has a fringe of 15-30 golden yellow ray florets bent backwards from a rounded center of sometimes over 1000 disc florets (yellow toward the base but brown or purple near the tips). The fruit is a tiny, hairy achene a few millimeters long.Flora of North America, Helenium bolanderi A. Gray, 1868.
Each head is supported by a base covered in long, pointed phyllaries that bend back as the head ages and develops fruit. The flower head has a fringe of golden yellow ray florets, each two or three centimeters (0.8-1.2 inches) long, and a center filled with curly yellow and brown disc florets. The achene is about half a centimeter (1.25 inches) long.Flora of North America, Helianthus californicus de Candolle 1836.
They originally blossom a light bluish color, then fading to white when mature and finally drying maroon. It is considered an herb because it lacks woody material when established. Hershey's cliff daisy is a vascular, seed and flowering plant, this implies that these plants conduct water and minerals through the plant, and produce seeds and flowers. A type of simple, dry fruit is produced from this plant called an achene.
In C. capitata, the pistilate scales will be much shorter than the perigynia and will not appear toothed. The fruit produced by C. arctogena is classed as an achene, a dry seed which has a thin wall. These characteristics make the seed light and enable it to be dispersed by wind. The presence of two stigmas equates to the fruit produced having two sides and being classified as lenticular.
The flower is bisexual and has three stamina and a three-stigma pistil, with the inflorescence having three to eight unequal spikes. The fruit is a three-angled achene. Young plants initially form white, fleshy rhizomes, up to in dimension, in chains. Some rhizomes grow upward in the soil, then form a bulb-like structure from which new shoots and roots grow, and from the new roots, new rhizomes grow.
Lasthenia platycarpha is an annual herb producing an erect stem approaching 30 centimeters in maximum height. The oppositely arranged leaves are up to 6 centimeters long, sometimes lobed, and sometimes coated in hairs. The inflorescence bears small flower heads with centers of gold disc florets and 6 to 13 golden yellow ray florets each just under a centimeter long. The fruit is a hairy achene with a pappus at the top.
There are many disc florets at the center. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of scales; the ray and disc florets produce fruits that differ in appearance. The flowers are pollinated by several species of bees, including Ceratina nanula, Synhalonia fulvitarsis, Dioxys pomonae, Stelis pavonina, and many species of Osmia. The plant was discovered in 1966 near Last Chance Creek south of the Fremont Junction in Utah.
The inflorescence is made up of one or more flower heads which may be tucked amongst the uppermost leaves. The head has lance-shaped leaflike phyllaries which may be up to 5 centimeters long. There are 5 to 8 yellow ray florets which measure about 1.5 centimeters in length, and many yellow disc florets in the center. The fruit is an achene about a centimeter long tipped with a short pappus.
The leaves are lance-shaped to oblong with smooth, toothed, or spiny edges. The inflorescence is a solitary flower head with up to 40 or more lavender or pale blue ray florets, each of which may measure over 3 centimeters in length. Flowering may begin as early as late fall or winter. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long, including its pappus of bristles.
The male spike is typically upright, whereas the female spikes tend to droop or at least hang horizontal. Like most sedges in Carex subgenus Carex, the flowers have a three-branched pistil, and produce an achene with a triangular cross-section. The perigynia is 5-7mm long with a long beak comprising about half of the perigynia length. The beak of the perigynia has two small teeth at the tip about .
Each disc floret has two lips, the outer of which is long, flat, and usually bright pink, and easily mistaken for a ligule. The fruit is a glandular achene a few millimeters long which has a pappus of bristles up to a centimeter in length.Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 74 Acourtia microcephala de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr.
The leaves are borne on spiny petioles and are toothed or lobed, the lowest leaves at the base of the stem reaching 50 centimeters in length. The inflorescence is made up of clustered flower heads which are lined with spiny phyllaries. The head is filled with white or purple flowers up to 2.5 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long topped with a pappus up to about 2 centimeters in length.
The daisylike flower heads are up to 2 centimeters (0.8 inches) wide and have long, hairy, lance-shaped green phyllaries. The center of the head is filled thickly with long yellow disc florets and the circumference is lined with 10–23 yellow ray florets.Flora of North America, Hulsea brevifolia A. Gray, 1867. Shortleaf alpinegold The fruit is an achene 6 to 8 centimeters (2.4-3.2 inches) long bearing a pappus which may be red-tinged.
The range of Tetradymia argyraea is primarily east of the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada of British Columbia to California. It extends eastward to southwest Montana, Wyoming, western Colorado and northwest New Mexico, where it grows in sagebrush scrub, woodlands, forest, scrubby open plains, and other habitat. It occupies a large range of elevations from near sea level to but favors the range of . The fruit is a achene with a bristly pappus long.
The leaves have blades a few centimetres in length which are deeply divided into three lobes or split into three leaflets. They are hairless to hairy in texture, and are borne at the tips of long petioles. The flower has five shiny yellow petals under long around a lobed central receptacle studded with many stamens and pistils. The fruit is a spiny achene borne in a spherical cluster of 10 to 20.
The leaves are variable in shape, the basal ones with notched or slightly divided leaf blades borne on long petioles, and any upper leaves much reduced in size. The inflorescence bears one or more flowers on erect stalks. The flower has five to eight pale yellow petals, each under a centimeter long. The protruding receptacle at the center of the flower becomes a cylindrical cluster of fruits, each of which is an achene.
It is lined with lobed oval leaves each a few centimeters long and coated in woolly fibers. The inflorescence produces one or more flower heads containing many glandular or bristly yellowish disc florets surrounded 6 to 8 yellow ray florets each up to a centimeter long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of approximately 8 scales.Flora of North America, Eriophyllum jepsonii Greene, 1891. Jepson’s woolly sunflower Greene, Edward Lee 1891.
The inflorescence bears one to many flower heads, both at the ends of the stem branches and in the leaf axils. The flower head reaches about 3 centimeters long by 4 wide and is lined with cobwebby, bristly, spine-tipped phyllaries. The flower head is packed with white or pink flowers about 2 centimeters long. The fruit is a brown achene a few millimeters long topped with a pappus one to two centimeters in length.
The small, toothed, oval-shaped leaves are up to 1.2 centimeters long. The inflorescences at the end of stem branches contain clusters of flower heads, each about a centimeter long and lined with greenish, purplish, or yellowish phyllaries. At the tip of the head are 8 to 12 tubular disc florets.Flora of North America, Brickellia desertorum Coville The fruit is a hairy cylindrical achene 2 or 3 millimeters long with a pappus of bristles.
The fruit is an achene with a short beak. The nineteenth century British art and social critic John Ruskin believed that the particular curve of the leaf-ribs of Alisma represented a model of 'divine proportion' and helped shape his theory of Gothic architecture.J. Mordaunt Crook, "Ruskinian Gothic" in The Ruskin Polygon: Essays on the Imagination of John Ruskin ed. John Dixon Hunt and Faith M. Holland (Manchester University Press, 1982) pp. 65–93.
Reproduction is also variable, being brought about by different mating systems which may be sexual or asexual, and may involve outcrossing, self-fertilization, or mixed mating. Some are pollinated by insects, others by hummingbirds. The most common fruit type in this family is a dehiscent capsule containing numerous seeds, but exceptions exist such as an achene, in Phryma leptostachya, or a berry-like fruit in Leucocarpus. About 16 species are in cultivation.
Leaves located higher on the stem lack petioles and may clasp the stem at their bases. The inflorescence is a cluster of several flower heads lined with phyllaries which may be over a centimeter long and are hairy to hairless in texture. Each head contains many yellow disc florets and a fringe of several yellow ray florets. The fruit is an achene which may be over a centimeter long including its pappus.
The narrow linear leaves are up to 5 centimeters long but only a few millimeters wide and may be very hairy. The inflorescence is a solitary flower head, with up to 22 heads per plant. The flower head bears many yellow, brownish, or whitish ray florets 3 to 12 millimeters long, and has a center of many five-lobed yellow to reddish disc florets. The fruit is an achene tipped with a pappus of bristles.
In members of the Asteraceae the fruit is achene-like, and is called a cypsela (plural cypselae). Although there are two fused carpels, there is only one locule, and only one seed per fruit is formed. It may sometimes be winged or spiny because the pappus, which is derived from calyx tissue often remains on the fruit (for example in dandelion). In some species, however, the pappus falls off (for example in Helianthus).
The flower is roselike when new, with rounded white petals and a center filled with many thready stamens and pistils. The ovary of the flower remains after the white petals fall away, leaving many plumelike lavender styles, each 3 to 5 centimeters long. The plant may be covered with these dark pinkish clusters of curling, feathery styles after flowering. Each style is attached to a developing fruit, which is a small achene.
Lasthenia burkei is an erect annual herb producing hairy stems with sparse linear or deeply divided, narrow, pointed leaves a few centimeters long. Atop the stem is an inflorescence, which is a flower head with a base of hairy phyllaries. The head contains many yellow disc florets surrounded by a fringe of several short ray florets, which are usually also yellow. The fruit is a hairy, club-shaped achene less than 2 millimeters long.
The inflorescence is made up of one or more flower heads at the top of the stem. Each head has a bell-shaped involucre of bristly, glandular phyllaries at the base, a center of black-tipped yellow disc florets, and a fringe of 8 to 12 golden ray florets roughly 1 centimeter long. The fruit is a club-shaped achene just under a centimeter long; achenes arising from the disc florets have pappi of scales.
Its ray florets are white with purple markings, while the center of the headis packed with white disc florets with purple anthers. The fruit is a dark achene which often bears a pappus of a few stiff, light colored bristles, resembling human eyelashes (hence the common name of the plant). Blepharipappus scaber grows in forests at elevations of 300–2200 meters (1000–7300 feet).Flora of North America, Blepharipappus Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer.
The inflorescence is a series of dense clusters of flower heads surrounded by long, narrow bracts covered in obvious bulbous glands. The sticky, glandular flower head has a center of several disc florets surrounded by a few white, yellow, or red ray florets. Each ray floret has three lobes at the tip, the middle lobe being shortest. The fruit is an achene; those developing from the disc florets have a pappus of scales.
Thin female scales are ovate (tapered at tip) and awned, translucent to purplish or brown in color, and half the length of the perigynia. The fruit or nutlet is a three-sided achene with three stigmas. Carex lacustris has a similar habitat and appearance to Carex atherodes, known as slough sedge or awned sedge, but C. atherodes typically have hairy leaf sheaths rather than smooth, and it has longer teeth (1.5–3 mm) on its parigynia.
The central disc florets of the flower head tend to be more red-violet, with the outer ray florets being yellow. In one variety, almost the entire flower is red, with only the barest tips of the petals touched with yellow. It blooms practically year-round in some areas, but more typically in summer to early fall. The fruit is an achene, almost pyramidal, hairy, and prolonged by a pappus 5 to 8 mm in length.
There may be shorter leaves on the lower part of the stem and there are few or none on the upper part. The inflorescence is a wide open array of many flower heads, each up to about a centimeter wide. The flower head is lined with hairy, often glandular phyllaries and filled with many yellow ray florets and no disc florets. The fruit is a small, dark cylindrical achene topped with a pappus of brown bristles.
Each carpel in Ranunculus species is an achene that produces one ovule, which when fertilized becomes a seed. If the carpel contains more than one seed, as in Eranthis hyemalis, it is called a follicle. Two or more carpels may be fused together to varying degrees and the entire structure, including the fused styles and stigmas may be called a pistil. The lower part of the pistil, where the ovules are produced, is called the ovary.
The longest leaves near the base of the plant may be 70 centimeters (28 inches) long. The inflorescence is a cluster of several flower heads each up to 3 centimeters long by 3 wide. The head is lined with spiny phyllaries and filled with pale pink or occasionally white flowers. The fruit is an achene with a flat, dark brown body about 5 millimeters long and topped with a pappus which may be 2 centimeters in length.
It is adaptable to many conditions and is sometimes used to control erosion. It is a perennial with stout, woolly stems and aromatic, violin-shaped, heavily lobed leaves. The flower heads have many creamy-white to pink or bronze ray florets with lavender to reddish undersides and centers filled with purple disc florets. The fruit is a hard achene with a tuft of plumelike hairs on one end and an array of pappus scales on the other.
Senecio inaequidens is a perennial chamaephyte up to 1 m in height, often much ramified, with each stem ending in one or a few capitula yellow in colour, forming a loose floral display. A single plant produces 26 to 500 capitula each year, with approximately 90 florets, 74% of them developing a viable achene. The leaves are linear, entire or almost so and without petioles. S. inaequidens exists as a diploid genotype and a tetraploid cytotype.
Encelia californica is a bushy, sprawling shrub reaching between 50–150 cm (20-60 inches) in height. It has many thin branches covered in widely spaced green leaves which are a rounded diamond shape. The solitary flower heads are daisylike, with 15 to 25 bright yellow ray florets 1 to 3 centimeters long around a center of protruding yellowish to purplish brown disc florets. The fruit is an achene 5 to 7 millimeters long, with no pappus.
Black-bindweed is a herbaceous vine growing to long, with stems that twine clockwise round other plant stems. The alternate triangular leaves are 1.5–6 cm long and 0.7–3 cm broad with a 6–15 (–50) mm petiole; the basal lobes of the leaves are pointed at the petiole. The flowers are small, and greenish-pink to greenish white, clustered on short racemes. These clusters give way to small triangular achenes, with one seed in each achene.
It is a small shrub growing up to about 25 centimeters (10 inches) tall with branches lined with short, narrow, hairless to glandular, woolly leaves. The inflorescence is a cluster of flower heads at the tips of stem branches. Each head is lined with sticky, glandular phyllaries and contains as many as 20 yellowish disc florets and sometimes a few yellow ray florets but sometimes none. The fruit is an achene topped with a brownish pappus.
The mostly lance-shaped leaves are lobed and long near the base of the plant, approaching 30 centimeters (12 inches) in length, and smaller and sometimes unlobed farther up the stem. The inflorescence is an open array of many flower heads, each with pointed phyllaries with thick midribs and thinner, hair-lined edges. Each flower head has 5 to 8 golden yellow ray florets but no disc florets. The fruit is a narrow, ribbed achene with a whitish pappus.
The fruit is an achene with a pappus of varying lengths, but generally shorter than those of other Liatris. A 2005 study expanded the species description of Liatris helleri to include plants with certain similarities. Populations of plants growing in West Virginia and Virginia previously included in another species (Liatris turgida) might now be included within the circumscription of L. helleri. In that case it would be less rare and no longer a true North Carolina endemic.
The inflorescence is a long array of several flower heads, with some occurring in the upper leaf axils as well. Each head has a cylindrical base 1 to 2 centimeters long which is lined with layers of glandular phyllaries. The head contains 10 to 15 ray florets, each with an elongated tube and a pink ligule which may be up to 2 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene tipped with a spreading cluster of long, plumelike pappus bristles.
The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads lined with several layers of pointed, curling or curving phyllaries. The head has a center of many yellow disc florets and a fringe of blue or purple ray florets each 1 to 2 centimeters long. The fruit is an achene around 3 millimeters in length tipped with a pappus of long hairs.Flora of North America, Dieteria canescens A number of insects can often be found in the flowers.
The narrow, widely spaced leaves are linear or lance-shaped and smooth-edged or slightly serrated, and measure 1.5 to 6.5 centimeters in length but only a few millimeters in width. They are glandular and hairless or with few hairs. The inflorescence is an elongated cluster of many flower heads containing twenty to thirty or more male or female flowers. The fruit is a hairy achene tipped with a plumelike white pappus about 7 millimeters long.
The genus Rhynchospora derives from the Greek Rhynkos – “beak” and spora “seed”. This, along with the genus’ common name beak-sedge, refers to the long beak-like tubercle at the top of the achene fruit. This is characteristic to the entire genus and is often used for intra- generic classification. The species name alba derives from the Latin albus, or white, and refers to the white glumes surrounding each flower, which give the inflorescence its colour.
The ovary of about 1 mm (0.04 in) long, gradually merges into the style, has a fine powdery surface. It is subtended by four nectar producing blunt line-shaped scales of about 2 mm (0.08 in) long. The fruit is a cylindric, greyish-white achene, with a fine powdery surface and a central indent at its base. The subtribe Proteinae, to which the genus Leucospermum has been assigned, consistently has a basic chromosome number of twelve (2n=24).
The flower is a ball of about 50 long, whiskery white stamens each about half a centimeter long. There are rarely a single white petal basal to the stamens, although the petals are often absent. The fruit type is a soft-bodied achene a few millimeters long [anatomically the fruit is an achenetum]. When not in flower, the plant resembles common shrubs such as oceanspray and ninebark, one reason why it may have gone unrecognized for so long.
The leaves are linear in shape and up to 5 centimeters (2 inches) long, sometimes longest toward the middle of the stem. The inflorescence bears one or more flower heads at separate nodes, surrounded by short bracts tipped with resin glands. The glandular and hairy flower heads have a center of several disc florets as well as whitish, triple-lobed ray florets. The fruit is an achene; those arising from the disc florets have a pappus of scales.
Each group of white or pink flowers is enclosed in a tiny cup of fused bracts which is only a few millimeters wide. The fruit is a dark achene about 2 millimeters long. This plant grows in the silt-rich floodplains and washes of the foothills of the Transverse Ranges and the Peninsular Ranges of southern California. It is known from fewer than 40 reported sightings, many of which were in locations that have since been claimed for development or otherwise altered.
Redray alpinegold The leafy inflorescence produces many flower heads also completely covered in small glandular hairs. The green, lance- shaped phyllaries are over a centimeter (0.4 inch) long. The center of the flower head is filled with many yellow disc florets, while the edge is fringed with 28–75 narrow, thready red-orange to reddish pink ray florets each up to a centimeter (0.4 inches) long. The fruit is a hairy achene 6 to 8 millimeters (0.24-0.32 inches) long.
The small flower heads are up to a centimeter wide (0.4 inches) but typically 2-3mm in diameter and have rounded center filled with many disc florets usually in a shade of bright yellow. There are typically five white ray florets widely spaced around the center, each an oval shape typically with three crenate teeth at the tip. Both the disk and ray florets are fertile producing an achene with a large pappus.Flora of China, Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pavon, 1798.
The heads contain 4 to 8 yellow ray florets tipped with three lobes and up to 12 tubular yellow disc florets tipped with five curled lobes. The fruit is a ribbed achene up to a centimeter long including its pappus of many narrow scales. This species only occurs in the Andes of central Argentina, where it grows in rocky mountainous habitat at elevations between 2000 and 2600 meters. Associated flora includes Nassauvia axillaris, Berberis buxifolia, and species of Ephedra and Adesmia.
They are borne on petioles with winged, spiny margins, some spines exceeding a centimeter in length. The inflorescence produces one or more flower heads, each up to 3 centimeters long by 5 wide, wispy with cobwebby fibers, and lined with very spiny phyllaries. The flower head is packed with dark purplish-pink flowers up to about 2.5 centimeters in length. The fruit is an achene with a dark brown body about half a centimeter long and a pappus about 1.5 centimeters long.
The inflorescence holds one or more flower heads, and each plant may have many inflorescences growing along the full length of the stem. The flower head has a cup of long, pointed phyllaries holding an array of bright yellow ray florets each one to two centimeters (0.4-0.8 inches) long around a center of yellow to dark purple or reddish disc florets. The achene is 3 to 5 millimeters (0.12-0.20 inches) long.Flora of North America, Helianthus exilis A. Gray, 1865.
The inflorescence bears several flower heads, each with a fringe of up to 13 red-veined white ray florets just under a centimeter long. The center of each head is filled with protruding tubular disc florets with large dark anthers. The fruit is a hairy, club-shaped achene which may or may not have a pappus at the tip.Flora of North America, Blepharizonia plumosa (Kellogg) Greene Blepharizonia is sometimes treated as a monotypic genus, and sometimes as a genus with two species.
Harmonia nutans - Madia nutans is an annual herb producing a bristly, glandular stem up to about 25 centimeters tall. The inflorescence produces one or more flower heads which bend and nod as they bloom and especially as the fruit develops. The head has yellow ray florets several millimeters long, lobed at the tips and sometimes red-tinged near the bases, and yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long; those developing from the disc florets are tipped with pappi.
Senecio madagascariensis Poiret International Environmental Weed Foundation (IEWF) The flowerhead, which is part of an unfirm corymb, is made up of disc florets and ray florets, and is small, yellow and daisy-like, from 1-2cm in diameter. The plant flowers between late autumn and early spring in its native area. The fruit is an achene that is 1.5-2.5mm long and is brown- coloured, with a pappus that is 4-6.5mm long.Auld BA, Meld RW (1992) 'Weeds an illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia.
Marshallia tenuifolia, commonly known as narrowleaf Barbara's buttons or slim leaf Barbara's buttons, is a species of perennial flowering plant in the genus Marshallia within the sunflower (Asteracea) family. It grows in moist sandy habitats, such as bogs, wet savannahs and low pine woods in the south-east coastal areas of the United States, from the south coast of Georgia along the gulf coast into east Texas. It has a deep taproot, lavender to white flowers and an achene fruit. The disc shaped flowers are fragrant.
After flowering fruits called achenes are formed in a small cluster, each achene is 3.5–5 mm long, lacks wings and has a straight or partly curved beak that is 1–1.5 mm long. Both the Latin and common names reference the leaf shape, which is thinner and with distinctive serration when compared to A. quinquefolia. It is native to the eastern United States in North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. Anemone lancifolia is normally found growing in rich damp soils in woods.
The plant gets its name from characteristic honeycomb-like bract structures (chaff) most visible at fruit maturity. Also like others in the Asteraceae family, B. uniflora bears achene-like cypselae: dry, indehiscent fruits with a single seed that develops from the two carpals of the flower. This fruit is generally 1.3-2.2mm in length. This species differs from others in the genus Balduina by its wider corolla rays, larger pollen grains, and by having chromosome arrangement of n=36 rather than n=18 in other species.
A rosette may produce several flowering stems at a time. The flower heads are 2–5 cm (1" to 2") in diameter and consist entirely of ray florets. The flower heads mature into spherical seed heads sometimes called blowballs or clocks (in both British and American English)"blowball" entry, Collins Dictionary"Blowball", InfoPlease Dictionary"Clock", American Heritage Dictionary containing many single-seeded fruits called achenes. Each achene is attached to a pappus of fine hair-like material which enables wind-aided dispersal over long distances.
The plant produces an inflorescence generally 25 centimeters to half a meter tall consisting of a solitary flower head or an array of up to three heads. The head is bell-shaped, sometimes widely so. It contains many orange to red-orange disc florets each about a centimeter long, and a fringe of several orange or reddish ray florets each up to 2 centimeters in length. The fruit is a long, narrow achene which may be 2 centimeters in length including its pappus of plumelike bristles.
These trees and shrubs are characteristic of the lower strata of the tropical rainforest, except Dryadodaphne species, which belong to the rainforest high canopy. The glands at the base of the stamens secrete nectar in Laurelia novae-zelandiae, which accumulates at the base of the flower and attracts bees, coleopterans and Bombyliidae. The seed, in the form of a feathery achene, is dispersed by wind (anemochory). The wood of Laurelia has local interest for construction, particularly the Chilean Laurelia sempervirens, despite its lack of resistance to moisture.
The fruit is an achene with a brown, gray, blue, or purple body tipped with a pappus of five long, spreading scales, the whole unit measuring 1 or 2 centimeters. This species is suspected to be a hybrid between Microseris douglasii and Uropappus lindleyi which may have evolved independently, possibly three times.Flora of North America The plant comes in a wide variety of appearances with variations in florescence properties and size, as well as height, ranging on a scale between both of the suspected parent taxa.
The top of the stem is occupied by an inflorescence of several flower heads, their hemispheric bases up to 2.5 centimeters (one inch) wide and lined with many small, green phyllaries with curving tips. Each flower head may have up to 30 narrow, pointed yellow ray florets between 1 and 2 centimeters (0.4-0.8 inches) long, surrounding a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is a brown achene about a centimeter (0.4 inches) long including its long pappus of bristles.Flora of North America, Grindelia ciliata (Nuttall) Sprengel, 1826.
E. argophylla is a perennial herb up to tall, appearing silvery because of many small hairs pressed against the leaves. Leaf blades are up to long, with wings running along the sides of the petioles. Appearing in April and May, the flower heads are yellow, at the ends of long peduncles, each head with as many as 35 ray florets and up to 500 tiny disc florets. The achene is strongly flattened, covered with small hairs, and sometimes with a pappus of 2 awns up to 2 mm long (unlike some of the related species).
An inferior ovary lies below the attachment of other floral parts. A pome is a type of fleshy fruit that is often cited as an example, but close inspection of some pomes (such as Pyracantha) will show that it is really a half-inferior ovary. Flowers with inferior ovaries are termed epigynous. Some examples of flowers with an inferior ovary are orchids (inferior capsule), Fuchsia (inferior berry), banana (inferior berry), Asteraceae (inferior achene-like fruit, called a cypsela) and the pepo of the squash, melon and gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.
As with the species in general, this subspecies grows as an upright, spreading shrub, or occasionally a small tree. It has erect branches that are covered in short hairs when young, but these are lost with age. Flowers are bright red, and the fruit is an oval-shaped achene about 5 mm (0.2 in) long. The leaves of this subspecies are typically over 30 mm (1.2 in) long, and divided into many laciniae: average numbers range from 11 to 35, but individual leaves may have up to 50.
Lepidospartum squamatum is a large shrub often exceeding two meters in height which takes a spreading, rounded form, its branches are coated in woolly fibers and stubby leaves no more than 3 millimeters long. The inflorescence is a single flower head or small cluster of up to 5 heads at the ends of branches. The heads are discoid, bearing many yellow tubular disc florets and no ray florets. The fruit is a narrow achene a few millimeters long with a dull white to light brown pappus on top.
The head is discoid, containing no ray florets but many funnel-shaped disc florets with long, narrow lobes. These disc florets are usually yellow, but some plants bear white or pink colouration in certain populations. The corolla is generally yellow in most of the disc florets, one diagnostic separating other white and pink species such as L. nemaclada, but some outer florets may have a corolla that is dark purple, especially in white or pink flowering specimens. The fruit is an achene with a whitish pappus of bristles.
Altervista Flora Italiana, Fiorrancio dei campi Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. includes photos and European distribution map Calendula arvensis is an annual or biennial herb 10 – 50 cm tall. The leaves are lance-shaped and borne on petioles from the slender, hairy stem. The inflorescence is a single flower head up to four centimeters wide with bright yellow to yellow-orange ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene which can take any of three shapes, including ring-shaped, that facilitate different methods of dispersal.
They are 2–6 cm in length and 1-2.5 cm wide, glabrous on both surfaces and pubescent on the margins, the petioles are 1–4 mm in length. Provided with two thorns (modified stipules), deciduous at the base of the leaves, the flowers are clustered in inflorescences (terminal Flower heads) resembling the hard, scaly flower heads of the familiar, European wildflowers the knapweeds (also members of the Asteraceae). The flowers are white and hermaphrodite, 5 stamens with the anthers attached. The fruit is a cylindrical achene about 3-3.5 mm long and 1 mm wide, pubescent, reddish pappi 5 mm long.
Agoseris is native to North America, South America and the Falkland Islands.Flora of North America Mountain- or false dandelion Agoseris Rafinesque, Fl. Ludov. 58. 1817. In general appearance, Agoseris is reminiscent of dandelions and are sometimes called mountain dandelion or false dandelion. Like dandelions the plants are (mostly) stemless, the leaves forming a basal rosette, contain milky sap, produce several unbranched, stem-like flower stalks (peduncles), each flower stalk bearing a single, erect, liguliferous flower head that contains several florets, and the flower head maturing into a ball-like seed head of beaked achenes, each achene with a pappus of numerous, white bristles.
The inflorescence is a cluster of 10 to 50 or more small flower heads, each on a short peduncle. The flower head has a center of hairy, glandular, star-shaped yellow disc florets and a fringe of four to nine yellow ray florets each about 2 millimeters long. The fruit is an achene a few millimeters long with a small pappus at the tip. Like many Channel Islands endemics, this plant was threatened with extinction by the herbivory of the feral goats living on the islands; the goats have since been removed and the plant is recovering.
It has a hairy, rough stem with leaves lance- or oval-shaped, usually pointed, sometimes serrated along the edges, and 3 to 15 centimeters (1.2-6.0 inches) long. The inflorescence holds one or more flower heads, and each plant may have many inflorescences growing along the full length of the stem. The flower head has a cup of long, pointed phyllaries holding an array of bright yellow ray florets each one to two centimeters (0.4-0.8 inches) long around a center of yellow to dark purple or reddish disc florets. The achene is 3 to 5 millimeters (0.12-0.20 inches) long.
Typically, the core of the ball is 1 cm in diameter and is covered with a net of mesh 1 mm, which can be peeled off. The ball is 2.5–4 cm in diameter and contains several hundred achenes, each of which has a single seed and is conical, with the point attached downward to the net at the surface of the ball. There is also a tuft of many thin stiff yellow-green bristle fibers attached to the base of each achene. These bristles help in wind dispersion of the fruits as in the dandelion.
Filipendula is a genus of 12 species of perennial herbaceous flowering plants in the family Rosaceae, native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Well-known species include meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria) and dropwort (Filipendula vulgaris), both native to Europe, and queen-of-the- forest (Filipendula occidentalis) and queen-of-the-prairie (Filipendula rubra), native to North America. The species grow to between 0.5–2 m tall, with large inflorescences of small five-petalled flowers, creamy-white to pink-tinged in most species, dark pink in F. rubra. Filipendula fruit are unusual, sometimes described as an indehiscent follicle, or as an achene.
Calflora taxon report, Calycadenia mollis A. Gray, soft calycadenia, soft western rosinweed Calycadenia mollis is an annual herb producing an erect, hairy stem up to 90 centimeters tall. The leaves are linear in shape and up to 8 centimeters long, the longest ones often toward the middle of the stem. The inflorescence bears several long clusters of small, very glandular flower heads, each of which has one or more white, yellow, or red triple-lobed ray florets around a center of disc florets. The fruit is an achene; those arising from the disc florets have a pappus of about eight scales.
The upper petal is basally prolonged into a spur and ends with two upturned wings, while the lower one has two narrow, spreading or erect wings. The stigma bears three lobes of which the central one is distinctly smaller than the others. There are two sepals laterally attached to the corolla that are whitish with a green midrib, ovate to broadly oblong, dentate at margin in lower two thirds and measuring 3-5 mm (0.12-0.2 in) long and 1.5-3 mm (0.06-0.12 in) wide. The fruit is an achene which is globose to broadly ovate with an almost smooth to slightly rugose (wrinkled) surface.
The fruit of Adenanthos is a simple dry hard-shelled nut that surrounds the seed but does not adhere to it (an achene). It is brown, ellipsoid in shape, and ranges in size from three to eight mm long, and one to two millimetres wide. It is not often seen on the plant because it develops within the involucre of the flower, which persists long after the flower itself has withered and fallen. By the time the fruit is mature, the involucre has dried and spread, so that the fruit is free to fall to the ground as soon as it abscisses from the plant.
As with most other Proteaceae, each flower is composed of a tubular perianth of four united tepals, ending in a structure called a limb; and a single pistil, the stigma of which is initially trapped inside the limb, but is released at anthesis. In A. sericeus, the perianth is bright red, about 28 mm (1.1 in) long, hairy on the outside but smooth and hairless inside. The style is about 40 mm (1.6 in) long; being much longer than the perianth, it is very sharply bent for as long as the stigma remains trapped within the limb, and then springs erect. The fruit is an oval- shaped achene about 5 mm (0.2 in) long.
Individual plants take some fifteen years before their first flower head to appear, and afterwards flower only once every three years, until they reach eighteen to twenty years of age, after which they may begin to flower every year. Although large plants produce much more, on average a mature individual will only produce 1.17 flower heads a year. Because plants take so long to mature, and, like practically all plants, only a limited amount of seedlings survive, so it is estimated that at least six ripe seed heads (infructescences) are needed to replace a plant, and that thus on average an individual plant must reach an age of over two decades for the species to be able to sustain adequate recruitment. The fruit (an achene) is stored in the old, dried, fire-resistant, woody infructescence, which remains on the plant for many years.
An assortment of different caryopses In botany, a caryopsis (plural caryopses) is a type of simple dry fruit—one that is monocarpellate (formed from a single carpel) and indehiscent (not opening at maturity) and resembles an achene, except that in a caryopsis the pericarp is fused with the thin seed coat. The caryopsis is popularly called a grain and is the fruit typical of the family Poaceae (or Gramineae), which includes wheat, rice, and corn. The term grain is also used in a more general sense as synonymous with cereal (as in "cereal grains", which include some non-Poaceae). Considering that the fruit wall and the seed are intimately fused into a single unit, and the caryopsis or grain is a dry fruit, little concern is given to technically separating the terms fruit and seed in these plant structures.
Owing to the high diversity and significant morphological similarity seen across the sedges, R.alba has a somewhat complex taxonomic history. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and was classified in the same genus as bogrushes (due to similarities in inflorescence) under the binomial name Schoenus albus. This classification proved inaccurate, and Martin Henrichsen Vahl reclassified the species in 1805 as Rhynchospora alba, placing it in a novel genus that grouped species with a characteristic beak-like tubercle on the achene fruit. Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl is the current accepted species name for the white beak-sedge, but there has been considerable contention around its classification over the last 200 years (see below). Neither Vahl nor Linnaeus provided specific type specimens with their descriptions, but a recent typification of R.alba designated a specimen from Linnaeus’ collection as a lectotype.
The name for the genus Senecio is probably derived from senex (an old man), in reference to its downy head of seeds; "the flower of this herb hath white hair and when the wind bloweth it away, then it appeareth like a bald-headed man" and like its family, flowers of Senecio vulgaris are succeeded by downy globed heads of seed. The seeds are achene, include a pappus and become sticky when wet. Laboratory tests have suggested maximum seed scattering distances of 4.2 and 4.6 yd (1.9 and 2.9 m) at wind speeds of 6.8 and 10.2 mph (10.9 and 16.4 km/h) respectively (affected by plant height), suggesting that it was more than wind that spread these groundsel seeds throughout the world. The average weight of 1000 seeds is 0.21 gram (2,200,000 seeds per pound) and experienced a 100% germination success before drying and storage and an 87% germination success after drying and 3 years of cool dry storage.
Laureliopsis philippiana is an evergreen tree up to 30 m (100 ft) tall and 1.4 m (55 in) in diameter, with thin bark, and aromatic wood, and a superficial resemblance to Bay Laurel. The leaves are aromatic, oblong, attenuate at the base, 4.9 long and 1.5–4 cm wide, glossy, leathery, the midrib with yellow hairs, the edges are heavily toothed in the two upper thirds, every tooth ends in a small point. The flowers are hermaphrodite or unisexual, they are small about 5–6 mm long, reddish-green, arranged in racemes, the peduncles are hairy about 2–3 mm long, flowers with bell-shaped perianth split in 7-9 petals more or less equal, hairy outside, 4 stamens and 8-20 staminodes, several carpels, the style is feathery with terminal stigma. The fruit is an achene almost oval, crowned by the perianth, about 1-1.3 cm long, formed by the perigonium that wraps several carpels, hairy, dark brown, spindle-shaped seeds, about 0.8-1.2 cm long, with the style covered by hairs about 5–6 mm long.
This sedge grows from a long rhizome bearing clumps of stems. The leaves are glaucous, 2–6 mm wide, with papillae between and sometimes over the veins. The inflorescence consists of 2-3(-5) spikelets. The terminal spikelet is usually staminate, occasionally androgynous, gynecandrous, or pistillate. Staminate terminal spikes are 1.3-2.7 cm long, 2–5 mm wide, with 40-190 flowers. Lateral spikelets are pistillate, (0.6-)1.5-2.5 cm long, 4–7 mm wide, the uppermost usually 1.5–6 cm or more below the terminal spike, but sometimes attached as close as 0.3 cm below the terminal spike. Pistillate flower bracts are reddish brown, dark brown, or rarely gold, the midrib and surrounding area green, white, or light brown, the edges sometimes pale, 1.9-2.8 mm long excluding awn. Perigynia (utricles) are obovate to elliptic, 2.1-3.6 mm long, (0.8-)1.2-1.6(-1.8) mm wide, light green, tan, or whitish, sometimes marked with dark brown distally, papillose particularly toward the beak or rarely smooth, the base succulent when fresh and drying withered, the beak usually curved, the distance from beak tip to top of achene (0.1-)0.4-0.7(-1) mm.

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