There's also an inadvertently tragic ramification of today's trendy Democratic Socialist ideas.
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The ramification is that he can no longer leave $5,490,000 free of estate taxes.
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Students would also receive text messages about the long-term "ramification" of spending the funds.
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There is a social, sexual, psychological, physical and emotional ramification to a life after breast cancer.
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Another ramification is an increase in student loans to cover living expenses, Dr. Goldrick-Rab said.
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An interesting ramification of this study is the association of new technologies with the emergence of pathogens.
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The worst ramification of the search engine's learned bias may already have occurred with the 22017 election.
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WAPNER: THERE'S OBVIOUSLY A POLITICAL RAMIFICATION FOR THE PRESIDENT, TOO, AS WE GET CLOSER TO THE ELECTION.
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The longer factories remain closed, travel restricted and construction stalled, the larger the ramification for commodities demand.
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There also is another very practical ramification of the similarity of visual and audio/speech and language processing.
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But the inequality of effects of change are real and I think the political ramification ... Especially in this election.
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This points to the second ramification: the way in which the People's Bank of China conducts monetary policy is changing.
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It would come with a text messaging service to warn students about the long-term "ramification" of spending their money.
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To be fair, Klein focuses on a ramification that he believes flows from the AmEx case – not the central antitrust issue.
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He taught me to confront the insidiousness of racism head on, no matter what the ramification, so it will not fester.
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This order has dangerous ramification for faith-based schools, which could lose their federal funding if they do not comply with it.
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Still, one quirky ramification of the expansion is guaranteed: Several teams will temporarily have no idea whether their tournament runs are over.
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One ramification of our so-often whitewashed entertainment industry is that this casting stood out to me as unnatural and out of place.
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Griffin appeared on "The Late Show with Stephen Colbert" Friday night to discuss the ramification of the photo that "irrevocably" changed her life.
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Another, more concrete ramification of Hollywood's Weinstein moment, observes Ms Jacobson, is that fewer careers of ambitious young women will be crushed by harassment.
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"The governor's L train maneuver," Mr. Raskin said, "has one clear political ramification — to make clear the governor's already in charge of the M.T.A."
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"It appears there may be some unintended ramification of that (the law) and I do think it is worth further discussing," Republican McConnell told reporters.
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But the other ramification here is that these indictments will serve as the latest strong argument for compensating college athletes over the table and legally.
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But although financial conditions have mostly improved, Revolut's Storonsky believes one ramification remains: that consumers' trust in banks has dwindled significantly, and it hasn't recovered.
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The ramification of such a future war will cast a shadow over militaries that see themselves as having land, air and ground forces operating separately.
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Earlier this year, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk and Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg clashed over the looming ramification that AI could have in the long term.
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Too minor, perhaps, to have serious political ramification, yet too serious to ignore, the scandal may represent another blow against public probity by a rule-breaking president.
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Stringent new sanctions on the rogue nation are set to be the most tangible ramification from last Friday's incident, but the repercussions may go well beyond that.
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"Selling or diversifying out of that stock has not only a financial ramification for it, but could have ramifications around who much control they have," said Mr. Penney.
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One potential ramification a state rescue fund supporting BMPS had been an inadvertent boost to anti-euro sentiment among Italian voters during a politically critical time for the country.
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"I believe Nigeria made significant progress in every ramification," Julie Okah-Donli, head of the National Agency for the Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.
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Chinese officials in 2015 described the gender imbalance among newborns as "the most serious and prolonged" in the world, a direct ramification of the country's strict one-child policy.
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The service would provide "the student loan customer with specific understanding of long-term dollars and cents ramification of making purchases using their student loan funds," the document states.
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In 24 hours of ugly machinations, the Trump administration was willing to rip out big elements of the bill and insert big new ones, without regard to substance or ramification.
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Washington is gearing up for a multipronged attack on Silicon Valley that could have far-reaching ramification on tech companies' legal protections and the use of strong privacy protections for users' communications.
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That&aposs what created Donald Trump is all these people said globalization and open borders were wonderful, but the ramification in the real world, how it affected real people did not affect them.
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If the U.S. can get China to compromise on the issue of intellectual property an, "unlikely ramification," could be one that helps Visa and Mastercard gain entry in to the country, Vafi said.
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Several agents speculated that one (somewhat counterintuitive) ramification of Nike's move out of the golf equipment business is that there will actually be more, not fewer, Nike swooshes on the golf course at top events.
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A determination as to whether or not specifics acts of ISIS violence also constitute genocide should be made based on the facts alone, not on what the policy ramification of such a determination might be.
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A better situation: Attend some employer education sessions before selling stock, plot out every tax ramification with the help of a professional and put the tax money away after a sale before doing anything else.
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We could literally, as we talk about the political ramification, the November 2020 election could be a decision on who is best to keep us safe in the face of this coronavirus – Sanders or Trump?
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Chief executive Max Siegel said the USTAF "understood" the ramification of postponing the Games for the first time ever in peace time, but that moving forward would not be in the best interest of athletes.
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While President Donald Trump has emphasized the importance of making the U.S. more competitive globally as he has pushed for lowering rates, the obvious ramification is that companies will get to keep more of what they make.
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"If Republicans continue to fail on their promise to repeal Obamacare and leadership starts raising the limit on America's credit card by teaming up with liberal Democrats, there are going to be political ramification in 2018 for the Republican party," he added.
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" After a series of qualifications, he concludes, "Supposing finally that we were to succeed in explaining our entire life of drives as the taking shape and ramification of a basic form of the will—namely of the will to power, as my proposition has it . . .
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So I guess going off that, in trying to get students and young people now to see how this election would really affect them, what do you think is the most significant, immediate ramification of either the Democrats taking the house or the Republicans keeping it?
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But perhaps an unlikely ramification of such a concession by the Chinese would be to help grease the skids for eventual approval of domestic business licenses for Visa (V:$157.64-Buy) and Mastercard (MA:$236.06-Buy), neither of which is currently operating in China to any material degree.
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But the biggest ramification of the rain wouldn't hit until a day later when condensation from the downpour would blow a transformer, leading to a massive power outage in the now infamous #CESBlackout that shut down the convention center for nearly two hours, right at the peak of the conference.
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"We do not want to be dismissive of the political ramification of recent events, but we doubt that they will have a long-lasting effect on the trajectory of markets unless matters develop well beyond where they stand today," said Michael Shaoul, chairman and CEO of Marketfield Asset Management, in a note.
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The practical ramification of that lack of data is this: Now that untold numbers of additional women are going to learn that they have mild to moderate postpartum depression because of increased screening, there isn't a satisfactory answer to the question of whether they ought to pay more for life and disability insurance afterward.
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"We have not set aside a provision, per se, but we have put aside capital of 53 billion (Danish crowns) in our capital reservation for a potential fine and the ramification of the AML (anti-money laundering) issue," he said, adding that the bank was in "ongoing dialogue with the FSA (Financial Supervisory Authority)" around its capital requirements.
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Exploring the roots and ramification of both trends, "Greater Gotham" elaborates on the message that Professor Wallace, who teaches at John Jay College of Criminal Justice and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, and Edwin G. Burrows of Brooklyn College, an expert on the colonial period, conveyed in "Gotham": That current events, indeed, occur as part of a current, an ongoing momentum, and that you cannot understand New York today without appreciating the city's history from a global perspective.
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This integer is called the ramification index of P. Usually the ramification index is one. But if the ramification index is not equal to one, then P is by definition a ramification point, and Q is a branch point. If Y is just the Riemann sphere, and Q is in the finite part of Y, then there is no need to select special coordinates. The ramification index can be calculated explicitly from Cauchy's integral formula.
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The more detailed analysis of ramification in number fields can be carried out using extensions of the p-adic numbers, because it is a local question. In that case a quantitative measure of ramification is defined for Galois extensions, basically by asking how far the Galois group moves field elements with respect to the metric. A sequence of ramification groups is defined, reifying (amongst other things) wild (non-tame) ramification. This goes beyond the geometric analogue.
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There can only be other ramification at the point at infinity. In order to balance the equation :2 = n\cdot2 - (n - 1) - (e_\infty - 1) we must have ramification index n at infinity, also.
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In number theory, more specifically in local class field theory, the ramification groups are a filtration of the Galois group of a local field extension, which gives detailed information on the ramification phenomena of the extension.
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In mathematics, the ramification theory of valuations studies the set of extensions of a valuation v of a field K to an extension L of K. It is a generalization of the ramification theory of Dedekind domains.
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Southeast Polk has two show choirs: RAMification and Vocal Gold. RAMification is the varsity mixed show choir and selection is done by audition. Vocal Gold is a show choir prep group open only to women by audition.
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An unramified covering then is the occurrence of an empty ramification locus.
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Ramification is also essential to practitioners of the art of bonsai as it helps recreate the form and habit of a full-size tree in a small tree grown in a container. The pruning practices of coppicing and pollarding induce ramification by removing most of a tree's mass above the root. Fruit tree pruning increases the yield of orchards by inducing ramification and thereby creating many vigorous, fruitful branches in the place of a few less-fruitful ones.
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Short internodes (the section of stem between nodes, i.e. areas where leaves are produced) help increase ramification in those plants that form branches at these nodes. Long internodes (which may be the result of over-watering, the over-use of fertilizer, or a seasonal "growth spurt") decrease a gardener's ability to induce ramification in a plant. A high degree of ramification is essential for the creation of topiary as it enables the topiary artist to carve a bush or hedge into a shape with an even surface.
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In algebraic number theory, through completion, the study of ramification of a prime ideal can often be reduced to the case of local fields where a more detailed analysis can be carried out with the aid of tools such as ramification groups. In this article, a local field is non-archimedean and has finite residue field.
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The 2-torus double-covers the 2-sphere, with four ramification points. Every conformal structure on the 2-torus can be represented as a two-sheeted cover of the 2-sphere. The points on the torus corresponding to the ramification points are the Weierstrass points. In fact, the conformal type of the torus is determined by the cross-ratio of the four points.
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J. Antibiot., 39, 636-641. The ramification of the β-amino fatty acid can be iso or anteiso . It could contain 16-17 carbon atom.
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This is an example of a necessary condition found by Emmy Noether (perhaps known earlier?). What matters here is tame ramification. In terms of the discriminant D of L, and taking still K = Q, no prime p must divide D to the power p. Then Noether's theorem states that tame ramification is necessary and sufficient for OL to be a projective module over Z[G].
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Formulas for local and global differents and discriminants, ramification theory, and the formula for the genus of an algebraic extension of a function field are developed.
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The section Affori-Seveso has double rails. From Seveso to Canzo-Asso there's only one rail. The ramification from Seveso to Camnago has also one rail.
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Ramification is the splitting of branches and twigs into smaller ones. It is encouraged by pruning and may be integrated with practices that promote leaf reduction.
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Another useful form of the formula is: :\chi(S')- r = N \cdot (\chi(S) - b) where r is the number points in S' at which the cover has nontrivial ramification (ramification points) and b is the number of points in S that are images of such points (branch points). Indeed, to obtain this formula, remove disjoint disc neighborhoods of the branch points from S and disjoint disc neighborhoods of the ramification points in S' so that the restriction of \pi is a covering. Then apply the general degree formula to the restriction, use the fact that the Euler characteristic of the disc equals 1, and use the additivity of the Euler characteristic under connected sums.
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We can also generalize branched coverings of the line with varying ramification degrees. Consider a polynomial of the form :f(x,y) = g(x) as we choose different points x=\alpha, the fibers given by the vanishing locus of f(\alpha,y) - g(\alpha) vary. At any point where the multiplicity of one of the linear terms in the factorization of f(\alpha,y) - g(\alpha) increases by one, there is a ramification.
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In mathematics, Abhyankar's lemma (named after Shreeram Shankar Abhyankar) allows one to kill tame ramification by taking an extension of a base field. More precisely, Abhyankar's lemma states that if A, B, C are local fields such that A and B are finite extensions of C, with ramification indices a and b, and B is tamely ramified over C and b divides a, then the compositum AB is an unramified extension of A.
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Here the ramification index is 3, and only one factor is real; this shows that, in the first case, the two factors must be considered as defining the same branch.
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Let Ω be a connected open set in the complex plane C and ƒ:Ω → C a holomorphic function. If ƒ is not constant, then the set of the critical points of ƒ, that is, the zeros of the derivative ƒ'(z), has no limit point in Ω. So each critical point z0 of ƒ lies at the center of a disc B(z0,r) containing no other critical point of ƒ in its closure. Let γ be the boundary of B(z0,r), taken with its positive orientation. The winding number of ƒ(γ) with respect to the point ƒ(z0) is a positive integer called the ramification index of z0. If the ramification index is greater than 1, then z0 is called a ramification point of ƒ, and the corresponding critical value ƒ(z0) is called an (algebraic) branch point. Equivalently, z0 is a ramification point if there exists a holomorphic function φ defined in a neighborhood of z0 such that ƒ(z) = φ(z)(z − z0)k for some positive integer k > 1\.
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In this way the cases n = 2g + 1 and 2g + 2 can be unified, since we might as well use an automorphism of the projective line to move any ramification point away from infinity.
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Trident maple bonsai Trident maple is a popular choice for the art of bonsai and responds well to techniques that create leaf reduction and ramification. It is suitable for many style and sizes of bonsai.
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Micrograph showing a von Economo neuron of the cingulate. HE-LFB stain. Von Economo neurons (VENs), also called spindle neurons, are a specific class of mammalian cortical neurons characterized by a large spindle-shaped soma (or body) gradually tapering into a single apical axon (the ramification that transmits signals) in one direction, with only a single dendrite (the ramification that receives signals) facing opposite. Other cortical neurons tend to have many dendrites, and the bipolar-shaped morphology of von Economo neurons is unique here.
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Let v be a valuation of and let L be a field extension of . An extension of v (to L) is a valuation w of L such that the restriction of w to is v. The set of all such extensions is studied in the ramification theory of valuations. Let L/K be a finite extension and let w be an extension of v to L. The index of Γv in Γw, e(w/v) = [Γw : Γv], is called the reduced ramification index of w over v.
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Several of the episode's themes have been critically examined, such as the concept of "dream-nazis", the appearance of modern characters portraying those from the past, and the ramification that the entire episode was a dream.
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This is an example of a branched covering of Riemann surfaces. This intuition also serves to define ramification in algebraic number theory. Given a (necessarily finite) extension of number fields F / E, a prime ideal p of OE generates the ideal pOF of OF. This ideal may or may not be a prime ideal, but, according to the Lasker–Noether theorem (see above), always is given by :pOF = q1e1 q2e2 ... qmem with uniquely determined prime ideals qi of OF and numbers (called ramification indices) ei. Whenever one ramification index is bigger than one, the prime p is said to ramify in F. The connection between this definition and the geometric situation is delivered by the map of spectra of rings Spec OF → Spec OE. In fact, unramified morphisms of schemes in algebraic geometry are a direct generalization of unramified extensions of number fields.
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In algebraic number theory, the conductor of a finite abelian extension of local or global fields provides a quantitative measure of the ramification in the extension. The definition of the conductor is related to the Artin map.
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In valuation theory, the ramification theory of valuations studies the set of extensions of a valuation of a field K to an extension field of K. This generalizes the notions in algebraic number theory, local fields, and Dedekind domains.
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The amacrine cells are placed in the inner part of the inner nuclear layer, and are so named because they have not yet been shown to possess axis-cylinder processes. Their dendrites undergo extensive ramification in the inner plexiform layer.
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Branched coverings C \to X come with a symmetry group of transformations G. Since the symmetry group has stabilizers at the points of the ramification locus, branched coverings can be used to construct examples of orbifolds, or Deligne-Mumford stacks.
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Ramification is a purely local property, i.e., depends only on the completions around the primes p and qi. The inertia group measures the difference between the local Galois groups at some place and the Galois groups of the involved finite residue fields.
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Schoenen Ramification Index: This index is one measure of the branching of the neuronal cell being studied. It is calculated by dividing the Dendrite Maximum by the number of primary dendrites, that is, the number of dendrites originating at the cell's soma.
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Implications for cooperation interest anthropologists as well. An unexpected ramification of this work is the development of techniques for detecting signs of life or technology on other planets, or extraterrestrial visitation on Earth.Greg Fewer, Searching for extraterrestrial intelligence. A pdf file here .
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After the introduction of the p-adic numbers, it was shown that the Newton polygon is just as useful in questions of ramification for local fields, and hence in algebraic number theory. Newton polygons have also been useful in the study of elliptic curves.
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The reciprocity map sends higher groups of units to higher ramification subgroups, see e.g. Ch. IV of.Fesenko, Ivan and Vostokov, Sergei, Local Fields and their Extensions, 2nd ed., American Mathematical Society, 2002, Using the local reciprocity map, one defines the Hilbert symbol and its generalizations.
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The Weierstrass \wp-function, considered as a meromorphic function with values in the Riemann sphere, yields a map from an elliptic curve (genus 1) to the projective line (genus 0). It is a double cover (N = 2), with ramification at four points only, at which e = 2. The Riemann–Hurwitz formula then reads :0 = 2\cdot2 - \Sigma\ 1 with the summation taken over four values of P. The formula may also be used to calculate the genus of hyperelliptic curves. As another example, the Riemann sphere maps to itself by the function zn, which has ramification index n at 0, for any integer n > 1.
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Cahit Arf (; 11 October 1910 - 26 December 1997) was a Turkish mathematician. He is known for the Arf invariant of a quadratic form in characteristic 2 (applied in knot theory and surgery theory) in topology, the Hasse-Arf theorem in ramification theory, Arf semigroups, and Arf rings.
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The phenomenon in question made no distinction between protagonists. The consequence of ramification was a domino effect, as cooperation in one field could lead to a new cooperation in another field.Mihai Alexandrescu, David Mitrany. From Federalism to Functionalism, in: Transylvanian Review, 16 (2007), No. 1, p.
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In mathematics, in Diophantine geometry, the conductor of an abelian variety defined over a local or global field F is a measure of how "bad" the bad reduction at some prime is. It is connected to the ramification in the field generated by the torsion points.
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The tree crown is wide, with irregular, stratified ramification and only few thick branches. The bark can be gray to brown, in varying darkness and may be vertically fissured. Leaves are compound, digitate and deciduous. Each leaf has five leaflets of variable size, the middle one being the largest.
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Myelomalacia affects the neurological functions in the spinal cord. Once breached, the ramification of the damage directly affects the motor functions of the body. Because the central nervous system is affected, the condition is classified under the neurological field of study. The spine shown here with spinal cord.
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Schematic depiction of ramification: the fibers of almost all points in Y below consist of three points, except for two points in Y marked with dots, where the fibers consist of one and two points (marked in black), respectively. The map f is said to be ramified in these points of Y. In geometry, ramification is 'branching out', in the way that the square root function, for complex numbers, can be seen to have two branches differing in sign. The term is also used from the opposite perspective (branches coming together) as when a covering map degenerates at a point of a space, with some collapsing of the fibers of the mapping.
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The prime ideals of the ring of integers are the ideals (0), (2), (3), (5), (7), (11), ... The fundamental theorem of arithmetic generalizes to the Lasker–Noether theorem, which expresses every ideal in a Noetherian commutative ring as an intersection of primary ideals, which are the appropriate generalizations of prime powers. The spectrum of a ring is a geometric space whose points are the prime ideals of the ring. Arithmetic geometry also benefits from this notion, and many concepts exist in both geometry and number theory. For example, factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field, a basic problem of algebraic number theory, bears some resemblance with ramification in geometry.
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The reciprocity law of local class field theory over a local field in the context of a pairing of the multiplicative group of a field and the character group of the absolute Galois group of the algebraic closure of the field is proved. Ramification theory for abelian extensions is developed.
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It possesses a whitish-green thallus that measures wide, its adnate lobes measuring between wide. Its surface is smooth and irregularly cracked. The species' ramification is irregularly dichotomous, with rounded apices, an oval axillary sinus, and a black-lined margin with no cilia. It shows no lacinules while possessing laminal maculae.
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There are three pairs of these lateral appendages situated along the margin of the sides. These appendages have a ramified apex. Each ramification of the apex has a rounded base and a long, thin and sharp prolongation. The whole length of each of these appendages is covered by little and acute ramifications.
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In mathematics, in the field of algebraic number theory, a modulus (plural moduli) (or cycle, or extended ideal) is a formal product of places of a global field (i.e. an algebraic number field or a global function field). It is used to encode ramification data for abelian extensions of a global field.
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In mathematics, the Grothendieck–Ogg–Shafarevich formula describes the Euler characteristic of a complete curve with coefficients in an abelian variety or constructible sheaf, in terms of local data involving the Swan conductor. and proved the formula for abelian varieties with tame ramification over curves, and extended the formula to constructible sheaves over a curve .
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Bulbothrix cinerea possesses a dark gray thallus and is saxicolous, measuring between wide, being tightly adnate. Its laciniae measure between wide, being shiny at the apex and laterally overlapping, also adnate. The species' ramification is irregularly dichotomous, with rounded apices, a crenate margin with a black line. It shows cilia that are between long.
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Gangraena is generally described as an alarmist work, deducing a collapse of national polity from the ramification of different religious creeds. Typically, the Baptist Hanserd Knollys was accused of being an Anabaptist.Barry H. Howson, Erroneous and Schismatical Opinions: The Questions of Orthodoxy Regarding the Theology of Hanserd Knollys (c. 1599-1691) (2001), p. 1.
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Using the Sholl analysis, a mathematical algorithm named the branching index (BI) has been described to analyze neuronal morphology. The BI compares the difference in the number of intersections made in pairs of consecutive circles of the Sholl analysis relative to the distance from the neuronal soma. The BI distinguishes neurons with different types of neurite ramification.
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The branch cut device may appear arbitrary (and it is); but it is very useful, for example in the theory of special functions. An invariant explanation of the branch phenomenon is developed in Riemann surface theory (of which it is historically the origin), and more generally in the ramification and monodromy theory of algebraic functions and differential equations.
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The set of exceptional points on W is called the ramification locus (i.e. this is the complement of the largest possible open set W'). In general monodromy occurs according to the fundamental group of W' acting on the sheets of the covering (this topological picture can be made precise also in the case of a general base field).
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Another ramification of Maplecon's rapid growth was that it moved to Carleton University. Although this dramatically lowered the cost of the accommodations, it also dramatically lowered the quality of the accommodations. This became a frequent complaint, and is one of the reasons cited as why Maplecon lost attendance. The last Maplecon was number 13, held in 1992.
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Free Brazil Movement (MBL, Portuguese: Movimento Brasil Livre) is a Brazilian conservative and economically liberal movement founded in 2014. Initially a ramification of the Brazilian branch of Students for Liberty, it grew boarding the political dissatisfaction after the 2013 protests in Brazil, receiving funding from external (e.g.: Atlas Network) and internal (e.g.: Democratas, PSDB, PMDB) sources.
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The concept of a branch point is defined for a holomorphic function ƒ:X → Y from a compact connected Riemann surface X to a compact Riemann surface Y (usually the Riemann sphere). Unless it is constant, the function ƒ will be a covering map onto its image at all but a finite number of points. The points of X where ƒ fails to be a cover are the ramification points of ƒ, and the image of a ramification point under ƒ is called a branch point. For any point P ∈ X and Q = ƒ(P) ∈ Y, there are holomorphic local coordinates z for X near P and w for Y near Q in terms of which the function ƒ(z) is given by :w = z^k for some integer k.
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Let E be an elliptic curve defined over a local field K and p the prime ideal of the ring of integers of K. We consider a minimal equation for E: a generalised Weierstrass equation whose coefficients are p-integral and with the valuation of the discriminant νp(Δ) as small as possible. If the discriminant is a p-unit then E has good reduction at p and the exponent of the conductor is zero. We can write the exponent f of the conductor as a sum ε + δ of two terms, corresponding to the tame and wild ramification. The tame ramification part ε is defined in terms of the reduction type: ε=0 for good reduction, ε=1 for multiplicative reduction and ε=2 for additive reduction.
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For instance, in KBE derivation of a populated design (geometrical objects, etc., similar concerns apply in shape theory), equivalence assumptions allow convergence where potentially large, and perhaps even computationally indeterminate, solution sets are handled deftly. Yet, in a chain of computation, downstream events may very well find some types of results from earlier resolutions of ramification as problematic for their own algorithms.
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These series are said conjugate, and are considered as a single branch of the curve, of ramification index . In the case of a real curve, that is a curve defined by a polynomial with real coefficients, three cases may occur. If none has real coefficients, then one has a non-real branch. If some has real coefficients, then one may choose it as .
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Acer campestre (and the similar A. monspessulanum) are popular among bonsai enthusiasts. The dwarf cultivar 'Microphyllum' is especially useful in this regard. A. campestre bonsai have an appearance distinct from those selected from some other maples such as A. palmatum with more frilly, translucent, leaves. The shrubby habit and smallish leaves of A. campestre respond well to techniques encouraging ramification and leaf reduction.
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See "Immediate Object", etc., at Commens Digital Companion to C.S. Peirce. # An interpretant (or interpretant sign) is a sign's meaning or ramification as formed into a kind of idea or effect, an interpretation, human or otherwise. An interpretant is a sign (a) of the object and (b) of the interpretant's "predecessor" (the interpreted sign) as a sign of the same object.
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More general definitions of branch points are possible for other kinds of multiple-valued global analytic functions, such as those that are defined implicitly. A unifying framework for dealing with such examples is supplied in the language of Riemann surfaces below. In particular, in this more general picture, poles of order greater than 1 can also be considered ramification points.
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Having discussing the legal and moral ramification of the situation, the crew felt "obliged to submit to [their] craving appetites." Deane disposed of elements of the body distinguishing it as that of a human. Lacking fire, the crew were forced to eat the body raw. The remaining twelve men survived without fire and with depleted resources for almost two months.
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If a tangle, a, is reflected on the NW-SE line, it is denoted by −a. (Note that this is different from a tangle with a negative number of crossings.)Tangles have three binary operations, sum, product, and ramification,"Conway notation", mi.sanu.ac.rs. however all can be explained using tangle addition and negation. The tangle product, a b, is equivalent to −a+b.
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In his study of infinite ramification theory, Fesenko introduced a torsion free hereditarily just infinite closed subgroup of the Nottingham group, which was named the Fesenko group. Fesenko played an active role in organizing the study of inter- universal Teichmüller theory of Shinichi Mochizuki. He is the author of a survey and a general article on this theory. He co-organized two international workshops on IUT.
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In mathematics, the Riemann–Hurwitz formula, named after Bernhard Riemann and Adolf Hurwitz, describes the relationship of the Euler characteristics of two surfaces when one is a ramified covering of the other. It therefore connects ramification with algebraic topology, in this case. It is a prototype result for many others, and is often applied in the theory of Riemann surfaces (which is its origin) and algebraic curves.
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In the context of a valuation, we are given certain information in the form of the valuations of elementary symmetric functions of the roots of a polynomial, and require information on the valuations of the actual roots, in an algebraic closure. This has aspects both of ramification theory and singularity theory. The valid inferences possible are to the valuations of power sums, by means of Newton's identities.
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While this created some animosity with the United States Football Association, no serious ramification resulted. However, in 1928, the ASL again boycotted the Challenge Cup. When Bethlehem Steel chose to ignore the boycott, the league expelled them. Under the leadership of the USFA, Bethlehem Steel and two other expelled teams joined with teams from the Southern New York State Soccer Association to create the Eastern Soccer League.
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Using the Riemann surface of the square root In complex analysis, the basic model can be taken as the z -> zn mapping in the complex plane, near z = 0\. This is the standard local picture in Riemann surface theory, of ramification of order n. It occurs for example in the Riemann–Hurwitz formula for the effect of mappings on the genus. See also branch point.
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This method is a newer, somewhat controversial technique to achieve fine ramification on deciduous material. In it, a tree which is still in development is left to grow until its foliage is very dense and somewhat "messy." Then, its crown is aggressively cut back in the spring, and the cycle begins again. Austrian-German bonsai artist Walter Pall is credited with creating the method.
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In some cases a ban may not be permanent and expire after a certain period of time. This approach is commonly used as a ramification for the abuse of game glitches, harassing players, or benefiting from hackers. Temporary bans may also be utilized in case a violation cannot be fully proven, as is common with anti-cheating methods based on supervision or statistical detection.
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In philosophy and artificial intelligence (especially, knowledge based systems), the ramification problem is concerned with the indirect consequences of an action. It might also be posed as how to represent what happens implicitly due to an action or how to control the secondary and tertiary effects of an action. It is strongly connected to, and is opposite the qualification side of, the frame problem. Limit theory helps in operational usage.
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Sinha had earlier held important positions in CBI including the post of Joint Director and Deputy Inspector General. He has been associated with the investigations of a number of sensitive and important cases of national and international ramification. He was selected based on the procedure laid down by CVC Act 2003 and had a tenure of two years. He was selected by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet.
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Schematic depiction of ramification: the fibers of almost all points in Y below consist of three points, except for two points in Y marked with dots, where the fibers consist of one and two points (marked in black), respectively. The map f is said to be ramified in these points of Y. Ramification, generally speaking, describes a geometric phenomenon that can occur with finite-to-one maps (that is, maps f: X → Y such that the preimages of all points y in Y consist only of finitely many points): the cardinality of the fibers f−1(y) will generally have the same number of points, but it occurs that, in special points y, this number drops. For example, the map :C → C, z ↦ zn has n points in each fiber over t, namely the n (complex) roots of t, except in t = 0, where the fiber consists of only one element, z = 0. One says that the map is "ramified" in zero.
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In the following years, the line was interested by many plans about the renewal of the materials and railway signalling by the railway Milanese society. In 1955 the ramification Seveso-Camnago was finally closed to the passengers transport. At the beginning an autobus substituted this kind of service 1936 until the end of the Second World War, when FNM decided to recover it. This short section kept its activation in order to transport goods.
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A brit milah is more than circumcision, it is a sacred ritual in Judaism, as distinguished from its non-ritual requirement in Islam. One ramification is that the brit is not considered complete unless a drop of blood is actually drawn. The standard medical methods of circumcision through constriction do not meet the requirements of the halakhah for brit milah, because they are done with hemostasis, i.e., they stop the flow of blood.
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Călinescu & Vianu, p.341, 345, 361, 362, 406 Reportedly, the reasons for Negoiţescu's sentencing were his participation in "hostile discussions" dealing with literary topics and his ambition of circulating an anthology of Romanian poetry that included banned authors. However, the actual arrest, concluding a major purge of the intellectual field, is also seen by some as a late ramification in the show trial targeting intellectuals Dinu Pillat and Constantin Noica.Călinescu & Vianu, p.
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In terms of the inverse global analytic function ƒ−1, branch points are those points around which there is nontrivial monodromy. For example, the function ƒ(z) = z2 has a ramification point at z0 = 0\. The inverse function is the square root ƒ−1(w) = w1/2, which has a branch point at w0 = 0\. Indeed, going around the closed loop w = eiθ, one starts at θ = 0 and ei0/2 = 1\.
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In his argumentation it can be noticed the presence of elements inspired by his liberal pluralist contemporaries. The working peace system was built around international agencies. They had functional responsibilities in managing those problems for which there was a consensus to cooperate. These international agencies were to assume some of the attributions of nation-states, within the so-called ramification process which involved a constant transfer of functions and authority from states to agencies.
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By the 1850s, feral cats inhabited the Western Australian wheatbelt; they targeted a number of larger rodents throughout Western Australia. However, extinction occurred before the red fox came to Western Australia. The big-eared hopping mouse had no defenses against Australia's introduced species. Its extinction can possibly be shown as a ramification of environmental alteration by humans, and predation is another likely possibility, but the true reason for the extinction is uncertain.
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For a correspondence of curves, there is a more general formula, Zeuthen's theorem, which gives the ramification correction to the first approximation that the Euler characteristics are in the inverse ratio to the degrees of the correspondence. An orbifold covering of degree N between orbifold surfaces S' and S is a branched covering, so the Riemann–Hurwitz formula implies the usual formula for coverings :\chi(S') = N\cdot\chi(S) \, denoting with \chi \, the orbifold Euler characteristic.
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The veins of a bramble leaf The veins are the vascular tissue of the leaf and are located in the spongy layer of the mesophyll. The pattern of the veins is called venation. In angiosperms the venation is typically parallel in monocotyledons and forms an interconnecting network in broad-leaved plants. They were once thought to be typical examples of pattern formation through ramification, but they may instead exemplify a pattern formed in a stress tensor field.
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38 The Choummar inhabited and ruled the rich agricultural region of Akoura in today's Lebanon from 1211 until 1633 CE. They ruled Zawiya from 1641 to 1747 and took Kfarhata near Zgharta as their home town. During this period, many disputes between them and the Daher occurred. One led them to escape the village and take refuge in Beit Habbak, a small hillside village near Byblos, where a big ramification of the Chemor family took place (Gharios, Hobeika...).
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Corps Locaux by Jean-Pierre Serre, originally published in 1962 and translated into English as Local Fields by Marvin Jay Greenberg in 1979, is a seminal graduate-level algebraic number theory text covering local fields, ramification, group cohomology, and local class field theory. The book's end goal is to present local class field theory from the cohomological point of view. This theory concerns extensions of "local" (i.e., complete for a discrete valuation) fields with finite residue field.
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Typically, one is not interested in ƒ itself, but in its inverse function. However, the inverse of a holomorphic function in the neighborhood of a ramification point does not properly exist, and so one is forced to define it in a multiple-valued sense as a global analytic function. It is common to abuse language and refers to a branch point w0 = ƒ(z0) of ƒ as a branch point of the global analytic function ƒ−1.
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Romaine, p. 329 Utopias have been used to explore the ramification of gender being either a societal construct, or a hard-wired imperative. In Mary Gentle's Golden Witchbreed, gender is not chosen until maturity, and gender has no bearing on social roles. In contrast, Doris Lessing's The Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five (1980) suggests that men's and women's values are inherent to the sexes and cannot be changed, making a compromise between them essential.
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Pruning later in the bonsai's life is generally less severe, and may be done for purposes like increasing branch ramification or encouraging growth of non-pruned branches. Although pruning is an important and common bonsai practice, it must be done with care, as improper pruning can weaken or kill trees. Careful pruning throughout the tree's life is necessary, however, to maintain a bonsai's basic design, which can otherwise disappear behind the uncontrolled natural growth of branches and leaves.
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The CAAP program was updated to 3.0 after this environmental successes of the initiatives. With the recent ramification of environment goals the updates will look to reduce the emissions through efficient supply chain optimization. There has also been recent developments to increase port technologies advancement to promote the development of efficient and green port technologies. The CAAP also looks to be the lead role caretaker of fostering and improving the wildlife and ecosystem of the port.
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In Riemannian geometry for example, ramification is a generalization of the notion of covering maps. Covering spaces are also deeply intertwined with the study of homotopy groups and, in particular, the fundamental group. An important application comes from the result that, if X is a "sufficiently good" topological space, there is a bijection between the collection of all isomorphism classes of connected coverings of X and the conjugacy classes of subgroups of the fundamental group of X.
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Staffing agencies are prone to improper behavior just like any other employer. There have been cases of some temp agencies that have created and reinforced an ethnic hierarchy that determines who gets what jobs. Temps have been told to be a "guest" and not a worker, which can lead to worker exploitation. One ramification is that temps have to deal with sexual harassment and are sometimes encouraged not to report it, and in some rare cases encouraged to make themselves "sexually available".
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This date represents a date that Robinson describes as significant because, "It may have been the most stunning victory won for the black world in a thousand years. There has been nothing quite like it, before or since."An Unbroken Agony, Haiti, From Revolution to the Kidnapping of a President p5 Here he is describing the defeat of slavery, in Haiti, by the Haitian revolutionary leader Toussaint Louverture. The ramification of these dates in Haitian history is monumental, per Robinson.
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Peirce's theory of signs is known to be one of the most complex semiotic theories due to its generalistic claim. Anything is a sign—not absolutely as itself, but instead in some relation or other. The sign relation is the key. It defines three roles encompassing (1) the sign, (2) the sign's subject matter, called its object, and (3) the sign's meaning or ramification as formed into a kind of effect called its interpretant (a further sign, for example a translation).
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Aggregation in colloidal dispersions (or stable suspensions) has been characterized by the degree of interparticle attraction. For attractions strong relative to the thermal energy (given by kT), Brownian motion produces irreversibly flocculated structures with growth rates limited by the rate of particle diffusion. This leads to a description using such parameters as the degree of branching, ramification or fractal dimensionality. A reversible growth model has been constructed by modifying the cluster-cluster aggregation model with a finite inter-particle attraction energy.
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The results showed that In Groups I and II, 42.5% and 37.5% of the teeth, respectively, presented at least one filled canal ramification. In conclusion, smear layer removal under the conditions tested in this study did not affect the obturation of root canal ramifications when lateral condensation of gutta-percha was the technique used for root canal filling.Fachin EV, Scarparo RK, Massoni LI. Influence of smear layer removal on the obturation of root canal ramifications. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 17:240-243.
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112x112pxInstitution Saint Michel: Collège and Lycée is a Catholic secondary school with boarding facilities located in Solesmes (Picard: Solinmes), France. Founded in 1924 by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cambrai constituted in 580, it is now also contractually regulated by the Academy of Lille, a ramification of the French Ministry of National Education, Higher Education and Research. As of 2018, it welcomes within centuries-old châteauesque edifices around a thousand students from nearly a hundred municipalities within a radius extending twenty kilometers.
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Despite critical success, the first series repeatedly had trouble gaining larger readership. DC Comics announced in May 2006 that the series would be canceled and that issue #25 would be the last. Dan DiDio, DC's executive editor, soon followed with another announcement, that fan outcry convinced him to extend the series for five additional issues in order to improve sales. The new five-issue story arc dealt with a ramification of the Infinite Crisis, again tying the series into a popular event.
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In the upshot, however, it is the sign's effect on the agent that is paramount. This effect is what Peirce called the interpretant sign, or the interpretant for short. An interpretant in its barest form is a sign's meaning, implication, or ramification, and especial interest attaches to the types of semiosis that proceed from obscure signs to relatively clear interpretants. In logic and mathematics the most clarified and most succinct signs for an object are called canonical forms or normal forms.
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Theologically, the victory of Christianity could be successfully asserted by maintaining a small contingent of Jews within the empire, although allowing them to become too sizable a minority would threaten the theological monopoly of Orthodox Christianity within the Empire. One important ramification of this policy was the prohibition on the construction of new synagogues within the Empire, though the repair of old synagogues was permitted. This prohibition was difficult to enforce, as archaeological evidence in Israel indicates that illegal synagogue construction continued throughout the sixth century.Gray, pp.
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Researchers often use the Self-Control Scale developed by Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone in 2004. Through a longitudinal study of the marshmallow test, researchers found a relationship between the time spent waiting for the second marshmallow and higher academic achievement. However, this finding only applied for participants who had the marshmallow in plain sight and were placed without any distraction tactics. High locus of control, where an individual attributes success to personal decision making and positive behaviors such as discipline, is a ramification of self-control.
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In Etruscan times, Valdichiana, an area which presently stretches along the Southeastern part of Tuscany up to the Florence-Rome road ramification, was called the "Breadbasket of Etruria". However, its hills were already dotted with vineyards. Later on, Plinius the Elder would describe the quality of these wines as follows: Talpone (red) and Ethesiaca (white). This was a vine growing culture spreading over the hills of the Tuscan part of Valdichiana surrounding the important commercial centres of Foiano della Chiana, Lucignano, Cortona, Montepulciano and Arezzo.
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The section Meda–Canzo–Asso and the ramification Seveso–Camnago stayed by steam locomotive for many years. Trains which made service on the whole line changed traction from electrical to steam in Seveso, because Meda didn't have a turntable. Ferrovie Nord presented a request in order to a full electrification in 1941 together with other railway lines which were not electrified. Without waiting for formal concession, after the Second World War, the electrical traction was started on the section Seveso–Camnago on April 3, 1945.
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A social ramification of the introduction of the alphabet was the creation of social distinctions within society. Scholar Andrew Robinson supports this point by stating that those who are illiterate within society are seen as being deficient and ‘backward’ (Robinson: 1995, p. 215). Consequently, the development of the alphabet allowed for distinctions to be formed within society between the literate upper class and the illiterate lower class. The development of the alphabet and hence the written word has also affected the impact of emotion.
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Rucervus is a genus of deer from India, Nepal, Indochina, and the Chinese island of Hainan. They are threatened by habitat loss and hunting, and one species has already gone extinct. The species of the genus Rucervus are characterized by a specific antler bauplan: its basal ramification is often supplemented with an additional small prong, the middle tine is never present, while the crown tines are inserted on the posterior side of the beam and may be bifurcated or fused into a small palmation.
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Richard Dedekind showed that every number field possesses an integral basis, allowing him to define the discriminant of an arbitrary number field.Dedekind's supplement X of the second edition of Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet's Vorlesungen über Zahlentheorie The definition of the discriminant of a general algebraic number field, K, was given by Dedekind in 1871. At this point, he already knew the relationship between the discriminant and ramification. Hermite's theorem predates the general definition of the discriminant with Charles Hermite publishing a proof of it in 1857.
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In general kicking is perceived as a mild ramification, serving as a warning rather than a punishment for the player in question. Some anti-cheat systems may decide to kick players out of a game server when the system integrity cannot be enforced nor be determined with certainty. Other anti-cheat methods may also utilize kicks as an instant punishment for presumably unfair game play behavior. Some games may also provide the community with the option of voting for particular players to be kicked.
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Many curves, for example hyperelliptic curves, may be presented abstractly, as ramified covers of the projective line. According to the Riemann–Hurwitz formula, the genus then depends only on the type of ramification. A rational curve is a curve that is birationally equivalent to a projective line (see rational variety); its genus is 0. A rational normal curve in projective space Pn is a rational curve that lies in no proper linear subspace; it is known that there is only one example (up to projective equivalence),.
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It satisfies e(w/v) ≤ [L : K] (the degree of the extension L/K). The relative degree of w over v is defined to be f(w/v) = [Rw/mw : Rv/mv] (the degree of the extension of residue fields). It is also less than or equal to the degree of L/K. When L/K is separable, the ramification index of w over v is defined to be e(w/v)pi, where pi is the inseparable degree of the extension Rw/mw over Rv/mv.
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Commutative algebra is essentially the study of the rings occurring in algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. In algebraic number theory, the rings of algebraic integers are Dedekind rings, which constitute therefore an important class of commutative rings. Considerations related to modular arithmetic have led to the notion of a valuation ring. The restriction of algebraic field extensions to subrings has led to the notions of integral extensions and integrally closed domains as well as the notion of ramification of an extension of valuation rings.
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He argued that: :The existing situation proved untenable because the laity feared, resented, and despised much about the Church, its officers, its courts and its wealth. ... A poverty-stricken and ignorant lower clergy, wealthy bishops and abbots, a wide ramification of jurisdiction, a mixture of high claims and low deeds did not make for respect or love among the laity.G. R. Elton, The Tudor Constitution: Documents and Commentary (1960) pp 318–19 Social historians after 1960 investigated English religion at the local level, and discovered the dissatisfaction had not been so widespread.
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Consistently breaking the law of chastity may result in excommunication. Nevertheless, Latter-day Saints who identify themselves as gay or lesbian may remain in good standing in the church, without ramification, if they abstain from homosexual relations. In addition to opposing gay and lesbian sex, the LDS Church also opposes and campaigns against the extension of marital rights to gay and lesbian families that would, in its opinion, undermine the tradition of heterosexual monogamous marriage. Since the 1990s, the issue of same-sex marriage has been one of the church’s foremost political concerns.
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They resolve that when she is ready to get married, she can propose to him. In "The Bon Voyage Reaction", Penny deals with Leonard going off to Europe for a summer science assignment, resolving that they are more secure in their relationship. In "The Hesitation Ramification", Penny, inebriated and frustrated over the state of her acting career, proposes to Leonard, who is hesitant to answer, given the circumstances. Though this further frustrates Penny, she admits in the following episode, "The Occupation Recalibration", that Leonard did the right thing.
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Bipolar cells are also found in the spinal ganglia, when the cells are in an embryonic condition. Sometimes the extensions, also called processes, come off from opposite poles of the cell, and the cell then assumes a spindle shape. In some cases where two fibers are apparently connected with a cell, one of the fibers is really derived from an adjoining nerve cell and is passing to end in a ramification around the ganglion cell, or, again, it may be coiled helically around the nerve process which is issuing from the cell.
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In Riemann surface theory, the Bolza surface, sometimes called the Bolza curve, is obtained as the ramified double cover of the Riemann sphere, with ramification locus at the set of vertices of the regular inscribed octahedron. Its automorphism group includes the hyperelliptic involution which flips the two sheets of the cover. The quotient by the order 2 subgroup generated by the hyperelliptic involution yields precisely the group of symmetries of the octahedron. Among the many remarkable properties of the Bolza surface is the fact that it maximizes the systole among all genus 2 hyperbolic surfaces.
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For a field contained in it, the field trace can be used to construct such a basis in also (see the article on Gaussian periods). Then in the case of squarefree and odd, is a compositum of subfields of this type for the primes dividing (this follows from a simple argument on ramification). This decomposition can be used to treat any of its subfields. proved a converse to the Hilbert–Speiser theorem: :Each finite tamely ramified abelian extension of a fixed number field has a relative normal integral basis if and only if .
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Oxford University Press, 2008. pp. 202–203. An important ramification of Torah min HaShamayim in modern times is the reserved, and often totally rejectionist, attitude of Orthodoxy toward the historical-critical method, particularly higher criticism of the Bible. A refusal by rabbis to significantly employ such tools in determining halakhic decisions, and insistence on traditional methods and the need for consensus and continuity with past authorities, is a demarcation line separating the most liberal-leaning Orthodox rabbinic circles from the most right-wing non- Orthodox ones.Salmon, Ravitzky, Ferziger.
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The relative discriminant regulates the ramification data of the field extension K/L. A prime ideal p of L ramifies in K if, and only if, it divides the relative discriminant ΔK/L. An extension is unramified if, and only if, the discriminant is the unit ideal. The Minkowski bound above shows that there are no non-trivial unramified extensions of Q. Fields larger than Q may have unramified extensions: for example, for any field with class number greater than one, its Hilbert class field is a non- trivial unramified extension.
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This is introduced because of a counting theorem: on a Riemann surface the sum of the weights of the Weierstrass points is g(g^2 - 1). For example, a hyperelliptic Weierstrass point, as above, has weight g(g - 1)/2. Therefore, there are (at most) 2(g + 1) of them. The 2g+2 ramification points of the ramified covering of degree two from a hyperelliptic curve to the projective line are all hyperelliptic Weierstrass points and these exhausts all the Weierstrass points on a hyperelliptic curve of genus g.
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For schemes in characteristic p, crystalline cohomology theory can handle questions about p-torsion in cohomology groups better than p-adic étale cohomology. This makes it a natural backdrop for much of the work on p-adic L-functions. Crystalline cohomology, from the point of view of number theory, fills a gap in the l-adic cohomology information, which occurs exactly where there are 'equal characteristic primes'. Traditionally the preserve of ramification theory, crystalline cohomology converts this situation into Dieudonné module theory, giving an important handle on arithmetic problems.
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As the name implies, the fundamental meaning of monodromy comes from "running round singly". It is closely associated with covering maps and their degeneration into ramification; the aspect giving rise to monodromy phenomena is that certain functions we may wish to define fail to be single-valued as we "run round" a path encircling a singularity. The failure of monodromy can be measured by defining a monodromy group: a group of transformations acting on the data that encodes what does happen as we "run round" in one dimension. Lack of monodromy is sometimes called polydromy.
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Reprinted (Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, v. 5, paragraphs 213–263, the quote is from paragraph 253). and sign processes ("semiosis") and that the three irreducible elements of semiosis are (1) the sign (or representamen), (2) the (semiotic) object, the sign's subject matter, which the sign represents and which can be anything thinkable--quality, brute fact, or law--and even fictional (Prince Hamlet), and (3) the interpretant (or interpretant sign), which is the sign's meaning or ramification as formed into a kind of idea or effect that is a further sign, for example, a translation.
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Pall is known for his naturalistic style, which deviates from traditional practices of bonsai development. One method used to achieve this style is his signature "hedge cutting method," in which a tree is left to grow and then cut back aggressively, resulting in fine ramification. He was also one of the first bonsai artists to use native European species, and is known for his use of native European material for yamadori ( - literally "taken from the mountains;" refers to bonsai trees collected in the wild). One such species is the oriental hornbeam, which Pall sources from Croatia.
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The prime 2 of Z ramifies in Z[i]: :(2)=(1+i)^2 The ramification index here is therefore e = 2. The residue field is :O_L / (1+i)O_L which is the finite field with two elements. The decomposition group must be equal to all of G, since there is only one prime of Z[i] above 2. The inertia group is also all of G, since :a+bi\equiv a-bi\bmod1+i for any integers a and b, as a+bi = 2bi + a-bi =(1+i) \cdot (1-i)bi + a-bi \equiv a-bi \bmod 1+i .
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The Linear Method is the analysis of the function N(r), where N is the number of crossings for a circle of radius r. This direct analysis of the neuron count allows the easy computation of the critical value, the dendrite maximum, and the Schoenen Ramification Index. Critical Value: The critical value is the radius r at which there is a maximum number of dendritic crossings, this value is closely related to the dendrite maximum. Dendrite Maximum: This value is the maximum of the function N(r), as specified by the Critical Value for a given data set.
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More precisely, only totally ramified primes have a chance of being Eisenstein primes for the polynomial. (In quadratic fields, ramification is always total, so the distinction is not seen in the quadratic case like above.) In fact, Eisenstein polynomials are directly linked to totally ramified primes, as follows: if a field extension of the rationals is generated by the root of a polynomial that is Eisenstein at then is totally ramified in the extension, and conversely if is totally ramified in a number field then the field is generated by the root of an Eisenstein polynomial at .
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Religious organizations may register with the central authorities through their island-wide associations under the Temple Management Law, the Civic Organizations Law, or the chapter of the Civil Code that governs foundations and associations. While individual places of worship may register with local authorities, many choose not to do so and operate as the personal property of their leaders. Registered religious organizations operate on a tax-free basis and are required to submit annual reports of their financial operations. The only ramification for nonregistration is the forfeiture of the tax advantages that are available for registered religious organizations.
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Marc Krasner (1912 – 13 May 1985, in Paris) was a Russian-born French mathematician, who worked on algebraic number theory. Krasner emigrated from Russia to France and received in 1935 his PhD from the University of Paris under Jacques Hadamard with thesis Sur la théorie de la ramification des idéaux de corps non-galoisiens de nombres algébriques. From 1937 from 1960 he was a scientist at CNRS and from 1960 professor at the University of Clermont- Ferrand. From 1965 he was a professor at the University of Paris VI (Pierre et Marie Curie), where he retired in 1980 as professor emeritus.
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Towards the valley of the Vorderrhein a high promontory stretches nearly due south from the central peaks of the Tödi, and is crowned by the summit of the Piz Posta Biala. Another considerable ramification of the same mass terminates farther to the east in the peak of the Cavistrau. The Kisten Pass separates the Tödi group from the Hausstock, whose summit attains 3,158 m; a branch of this latter group forms the range of the Kärpf in the canton of Glarus. The Hausstock is cut off from the rather lower but more extended mass of the Vorab by the Panixer Pass (7,907 ft).
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The function on an open disk around 0 is not a local homeomorphism at 0 when n is at least 2. In that case 0 is a point of "ramification" (intuitively, n sheets come together there). Using the inverse function theorem one can show that a continuously differentiable function (where U is an open subset of ) is a local homeomorphism if the derivative Dxf is an invertible linear map (invertible square matrix) for every . (The converse is false, as shown by the local homeomorphism with .) An analogous condition can be formulated for maps between differentiable manifolds.
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The translated interviews given by Kano were a mainspring for the development of such discipline in Italy. Getting back to his homeland, Shimoi helped the Italian Embassy in Tokyo to stop the pro-Ethiopian activities of the Japanese rightist clubs during the war in Ethiopia. Shimoi was one of the best known Japanese supporters of Italian fascism, seeing some analogies between the fascist principles and the traditional values of Japanese culture, especially the Bushido. He argued that fascism was a natural ramification of the risorgimento, and that its role was to be a "spiritual movement" that would make Italians identify as being part of the new nation.
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Aed is one of a number of 11th-century kings of Uí Maine who is obscure. According to John O'Donovan, this seems to have been as a result both of historical confusion, and possibly genealogical re-ramification, where the pedigree of one branch of the Uí Maine was later treated as a king-list. His place in the genealogical tree is uncertain, which reflects the tumult in the kingdom, following the long reigns of Tadhg Mór Ua Cellaigh (986-1014) and his son, Concobar mac Tadg Ua Cellaig (1014-1030). He is called Aed mac maic Taidhg h-Úi Cellaig but it is unclear which Taidhg is meant.
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This point is also shared by Marshall McLuhan who believes that to translate a beautiful picture into words would be to deprive it of correctly articulating its best qualities (McLuhan: 1964, p. 83). Therefore, the written word has deprived both images and beautiful objects of the correct level of emotion with which to express their exact appearance. The fact that the alphabet introduced the idea that a person’s writing could live on long after they died was another social ramification of the alphabet. This argument is also shared by Andrew Robinson. Robinson believes that the need for ‘immortality’ has always been of extreme importance for many authors.
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The members attempt to formulate a plan to capture and interrogate Jesus over his alleged blasphemy. Meanwhile, Jesus with the help of his disciple John (Akiva David), discovers a safe dwelling in Arimathea to consume the Passover meal away from the watchful patrol of Roman soldiers who are also attempting to subdue him over his reputation. Accordingly, Mary (Debbi Morgan), the mother of Jesus, comes to believe her son is being individually singled out on motivations based on race. In addition to persecuting Jews in general, the Romans also view Jews who are black in skin color as a more troublesome ramification than just ordinary white Jews.
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J. Gopikrishnan was actively involved in the anti-corruption movements in India starting from late 2010, when the 2G case hit the headlines following the resignation and arrest of then Telecom Minister A. Raja. He was a complainant to CBI and CAG from 2009 regarding the ramification of the scam demanding probe on telecom scandal. He deposed before Public Accounts Committee (PAC) of Parliament in March 2011 on the telecom scandal and Niira Radia tapes. He was an active member of the Action Committee Against Corruption in India (ACACI), headed by BJP leader Subramanian Swamy and the Campaign for Judicial Accountability and Reform (CJAR) headed by lawyer Prashant Bhushan.
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Dalla is overjoyed to see Vall, and happily tells him about all of the advancements she has made with past-life recall. But, when Vall tells her that she must immediately return to the First Level she refuses. It seems that one ramification of her studies has escaped her –- if a Paratimer dies in the Akor-Neb Sector, and later takes one of this sector’s past-life recall procedures, then the Paratime secret will be utterly revealed. Conditioned, like all Paratimers, to protect the Paratime secret at all costs, Dalla realizes that it is imperative that they leave Akor-Neb as soon as possible.
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Riemann surface theory shows that a compact Riemann surface has enough meromorphic functions on it, making it an algebraic curve. Under the name Riemann's existence theorem a deeper result on ramified coverings of a compact Riemann surface was known: such finite coverings as topological spaces are classified by permutation representations of the fundamental group of the complement of the ramification points. Since the Riemann surface property is local, such coverings are quite easily seen to be coverings in the complex- analytic sense. It is then possible to conclude that they come from covering maps of algebraic curves--that is, such coverings all come from finite extensions of the function field.
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The crimes we shall expose are to be > judged not by the standards of Communist regimes, but by the unwritten code > of natural laws of humanity. Courtois states that "[t]he legal ramification of crimes committed by a specific country were first confronted in 1945 at the Nuremberg Tribunal, which was organized by the Allies to consider the atrocities committed by the Nazis". Courtois argues that "[a]n examination of all the crimes committed by the Leninist/Stalinist regime, and in the Communist world as a whole, reveals crimes that fit into each of these three categories", namely crimes against humanity, crimes against peace and war crimes.
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AAO project series also included the social ecology installation environment AAO Project Ecosmosis exhibition, Ecologic Serendipity video developed with Benayoun at the Hellenic Cosmos, an interactive aesthetic and socio-spatial paradigm. As "Praxis: The Everyday Not as Usual" Lina Stergiou, "Praxis: The Everyday Not as Usual," in The Idea of the Avant Garde - And What It Means Today Vol.2, ed. Marc James Léger (Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2019), pp.220-4 can the political ramification of this cultural activism be approached, while the public esteem that the AAO project received is recorded in 132 articles in daily and Sunday newspapers, architectural magazines and magazines on culture, and 8 interviews in radio stations.
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Assume that ƒ is finite. For a point P ∈ X, the ramification index eP is defined as follows. Let Q = ƒ(P) and let t be a local uniformizing parameter at P; that is, t is a regular function defined in a neighborhood of Q with t(Q) = 0 whose differential is nonzero. Pulling back t by ƒ defines a regular function on X. Then :e_P = v_P(t\circ f) where vP is the valuation in the local ring of regular functions at P. That is, eP is the order to which t\circ f vanishes at P. If eP > 1, then ƒ is said to be ramified at P. In that case, Q is called a branch point.
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The Christmas book flood (Icelandic: Jólabókaflóðið) is a term used in Iceland for the annual release of new books occurring in the months before Christmas,Elliott Brandsma, "Too Many Books: Do Icelandic Publishers Need To Chill Out?", Reykjavik Grapevine, May 5, 2015 (retrieved 23 Oct 2015) as it is common to publish new titles in the weeks before Christmas. Newly published books are listed in a yearly compilation that is distributed to all households for free; the total number of new books published was about 800 in 2007 and 760 in 2008. A further ramification of the custom stems from both Iceland's centuries-long literary tradition, and strict WWII currency restrictions which limited the amount of imported giftware.
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Then the line directs towards Paderno Dugnano, which station is put in the city center, then it turns another time on the right in order to reach Palazzolo Milanese district, later Varedo, where the railway treaded a new turn on the left in order to serve Bovisio Masciago station. There a long straight leads trains to Cesano Maderno and Seveso, station where double rails end. Here there's the ramification in order to reach Camnago. But the most of trains, turning clearly on the right, have to go towards Meda, then they follow, with a very sinuous track and in some ways similar to a tramway towards Cabiate and Mariano Comense, station provided by a closed rail and two normal rails.
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Interior of the Archaeological Museum of Thebes Exhibit at the museum The record of the earliest days of Thebes was preserved among the Greeks in an abundant mass of legends that rival the myths of Troy in their wide ramification and the influence that they exerted on the literature of the classical age. Five main cycles of story may be distinguished: #The foundation of the citadel Cadmea by Cadmus, and the growth of the Spartoi or "Sown Men" (probably an aetiological myth designed to explain the origin of the Theban nobility which bore that name in historical times). #The immolation of Semele and the advent of Dionysus. #The building of a "seven-gated" wall by Amphion, and the cognate stories of Zethus, Antiope and Dirce.
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For example, ramification is a phenomenon of codimension 1 (in the geometry of complex manifolds, reflecting as for Riemann surfaces that ramify at single points that it happens in real codimension two). A classical result, Zariski-Nagata purity of Masayoshi Nagata and Oscar Zariski, called also purity of the branch locus, proves that on a non-singular algebraic variety a branch locus, namely the set of points at which a morphism ramifies, must be made up purely of codimension 1 subvarieties (a Weil divisor). There have been numerous extensions of this result into theorems of commutative algebra and scheme theory, establishing purity of the branch locus in the sense of description of the restrictions on the possible "open subsets of failure" to be an étale morphism.
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Like the Five Pecks of Rice society, the Yellow Turbans of the Huai and Yellow River valleys also believed that illness was a sign of wrongdoing that necessitated confession to church leaders and faith healers. However, the Yellow Turbans typically utilized holy water as a ramification for sickness; if this did not cure the sick, the latter's sins were deemed too great to be exculpated. Since the year 184 CE was the first (and very auspicious) year of a new sexagenary cycle, the Yellow Turban's supreme leader Zhang Jue (d. 184 CE) chose the third month of that year as the time to rebel; when this was leaked to the Han court, Zhang was forced to initiate the rebellion prematurely.
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The rational maps play a role analogous to the meromorphic functions of complex analysis, and indeed in the case of compact Riemann surfaces the two concepts coincide. If V is now taken to be of dimension 1, we get a picture of a typical algebraic curve C presented 'over' P1(K). Assuming C is non-singular (which is no loss of generality starting with K(C)), it can be shown that such a rational map from C to P1(K) will in fact be everywhere defined. (That is not the case if there are singularities, since for example a double point where a curve crosses itself may give an indeterminate result after a rational map.) This gives a picture in which the main geometric feature is ramification.
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In mathematics, the conductor of an elliptic curve over the field of rational numbers, or more generally a local or global field, is an integral ideal analogous to the Artin conductor of a Galois representation. It is given as a product of prime ideals, together with associated exponents, which encode the ramification in the field extensions generated by the points of finite order in the group law of the elliptic curve. The primes involved in the conductor are precisely the primes of bad reduction of the curve: this is the Néron–Ogg–Shafarevich criterion. Ogg's formula expresses the conductor in terms of the discriminant and the number of components of the special fiber over a local field, which can be computed using Tate's algorithm.
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For an orientable surface S the Euler characteristic χ(S) is :2-2g \, where g is the genus (the number of handles), since the Betti numbers are 1, 2g, 1, 0, 0, ... . In the case of an (unramified) covering map of surfaces :\pi:S' \to S \, that is surjective and of degree N, we should have the formula :\chi(S') = N\cdot\chi(S). \, That is because each simplex of S should be covered by exactly N in S′ -- at least if we use a fine enough triangulation of S, as we are entitled to do since the Euler characteristic is a topological invariant. What the Riemann–Hurwitz formula does is to add in a correction to allow for ramification (sheets coming together).
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For a compact, connected, orientable surface S, the Euler characteristic \chi(S) is :\chi(S)=2-2g, where g is the genus (the number of handles), since the Betti numbers are 1, 2g, 1, 0, 0, \dots. In the case of an (unramified) covering map of surfaces :\pi\colon S' \to S that is surjective and of degree N, we have the formula :\chi(S') = N\cdot\chi(S). That is because each simplex of S should be covered by exactly N in S', at least if we use a fine enough triangulation of S, as we are entitled to do since the Euler characteristic is a topological invariant. What the Riemann–Hurwitz formula does is to add in a correction to allow for ramification (sheets coming together).
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In "The Monster Isolation", Penny is seen performing the role of Blanche DuBois in her acting class' production of A Streetcar Named Desire. In this episode Sheldon, who attended the show along with Leonard and Amy, is impressed with Penny's ability to memorize lines, but still couldn't remember customers' orders as a waitress. In the season seven premiere, she was revealed to have had a topless shower scene in a low budget horror film named "Serial Apeist" when she first moved to California, which she did not realise had been uploaded to the internet until Sheldon revealed it was available online and the gang saw it on the day they met her. In the season seven episode "The Hesitation Ramification", Penny believes she has finally found stardom when she lands a brief role in NCIS.
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The main ramification of this restriction is that entrepreneurs are often criticised for over-valuing their businesses. This is because the amount sought by the entrepreneur may be more than 50% of the value of their business as perceived by the Dragons (the Dragons rarely make deals for greater than 50%) and sometimes more than the entire value of the business as perceived by the Dragons. The restriction means the Dragons cannot offer a lesser amount that is more in line with their perceived value of the business. Notwithstanding the acceptance of offers on the show, and the handshake agreements, the offers on the show are generally subject to due diligence by both parties and many "deals" made on the show do not ultimately close or close at different terms than originally expected.
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Now assume that S and S' are Riemann surfaces, and that the map \pi is complex analytic. The map \pi is said to be ramified at a point P in S′ if there exist analytic coordinates near P and π(P) such that π takes the form π(z) = zn, and n > 1\. An equivalent way of thinking about this is that there exists a small neighborhood U of P such that π(P) has exactly one preimage in U, but the image of any other point in U has exactly n preimages in U. The number n is called the ramification index at P and also denoted by eP. In calculating the Euler characteristic of S′ we notice the loss of eP − 1 copies of P above π(P) (that is, in the inverse image of π(P)).
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Codimension also has some clear meaning in geometric topology: on a manifold, codimension 1 is the dimension of topological disconnection by a submanifold, while codimension 2 is the dimension of ramification and knot theory. In fact, the theory of high- dimensional manifolds, which starts in dimension 5 and above, can alternatively be said to start in codimension 3, because higher codimensions avoid the phenomenon of knots. Since surgery theory requires working up to the middle dimension, once one is in dimension 5, the middle dimension has codimension greater than 2, and hence one avoids knots. This quip is not vacuous: the study of embeddings in codimension 2 is knot theory, and difficult, while the study of embeddings in codimension 3 or more is amenable to the tools of high-dimensional geometric topology, and hence considerably easier.
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In July 1924, a group of native high chiefs within the assembly of the faletolu and anoalo elected Chris Young to the vacant title. Before this point, he had been residing outside Samoa for seventeen years. The restoration was immediately denounced by the colonial authority in American Samoa under Governor Edward Stanley Kellogg who exiled Young and the chiefs who elected him to Pago Pago on Tutuila in order to prevent him form exercising the power of his office. The American authorities worried that the Samoans were in effect reviving a monarchy or native kingship under their jurisdiction and the ramification it would have on Samoan nationalism. Kellogg also argued that the idea was incompatible with the Constitution of the United States and Young was forbidden to keep the title or return to the island of Ta‘ū.
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The organization was founded by Giuseppe Polverino, known as "Peppe 'o barone" in the 1990s. The clan started as a ramification of the Nuvoletta clan, but has become independent and one of the most powerful groups of the Camorra over the time, surpassing the Nuvolettas that in 90s were going through a very difficult time, thanks to the large efforts of the Italian police to overthrow the organization. Taking advantage of these years, Giuseppe had to start building his own clan, managing to bring to him, emerging members of the Camorra from Marano such as the Simioli and Ruggiero families. Giuseppe Polverino, was dubbed the 'hashish king', due to his monopoly on the importation of hashish from Morocco to Italy via Spain supplying not only all the Camorra clans, but also the 'Ndrangheta, the Sicilian Mafia and the Sacra Corona Unita.
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Now assume that S and S′ are Riemann surfaces, and that the map π is complex analytic. The map π is said to be ramified at a point P in S′ if there exist analytic coordinates near P and π(P) such that π takes the form π(z) = zn, and n > 1\. An equivalent way of thinking about this is that there exists a small neighborhood U of P such that π(P) has exactly one preimage in U, but the image of any other point in U has exactly n preimages in U. The number n is called the ramification index at P and also denoted by eP. In calculating the Euler characteristic of S′ we notice the loss of eP − 1 copies of P above π(P) (that is, in the inverse image of π(P)).
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In abstract algebra, Abhyankar's conjecture is a 1957 conjecture of Shreeram Abhyankar, on the Galois groups of algebraic function fields of characteristic p.. The soluble case was solved by Serre in 1990 and the full conjecture was proved in 1994 by work of Michel Raynaud and David Harbater... The problem involves a finite group G, a prime number p, and the function field K(C) of a nonsingular integral algebraic curve C defined over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic p. The question addresses the existence of a Galois extension L of K(C), with G as Galois group, and with specified ramification. From a geometric point of view, L corresponds to another curve C′, together with a morphism :π : C′ → C. Geometrically, the assertion that π is ramified at a finite set S of points on C means that π restricted to the complement of S in C is an étale morphism. This is in analogy with the case of Riemann surfaces.
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The motor innervation of the gluteus maximus muscle is performed by the inferior gluteal nerve (a branch nerve of the sacral plexus) and extends from the pelvis to the gluteal region, then traverses the greater sciatic foramen (opening) from behind and to the middle to then join the sciatic nerve. The inferior gluteal nerve divides into three (3) collateral branches: (i) the gluteus branch, (ii) the perineal branch, and (iii) the femoral branch. The first ramification — the gluteus branch — is a branch nerve that is very close to the emergence of the inferior gluteal nerve to the area, next to the inferior border of the pyramidalis muscle. As it arises, the inferior gluteal nerve then divides into four (4) or more fillets (bands of nerve fibres) that travel (in a crow's-foot configuration) between the gluteus maximus muscle and its (front) anterior fascia; the thickest nerve-bands are the superior-most and the inferior-most fillets.
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Although only anecdotal, it has been said that there was an increase in the birthrate in the northeastern US and parts of Canada during the summer of 1966. This was just one of the results of the Great Northeast Blackout which took place on November 9, 1965, nine months before the mini baby boom. Another, somewhat more important result to Westinghouse CTSD was the birth of the modern gas turbine industry in the U.S. Although the actual culprit behind the massive power outage was found to be a single faulty relay at a transmission station in Ontario, Canada, the "cascade" or domino effect on downstream trunk lines caused the entire CANUSE system from Canada, through Buffalo, NY and to the east coast from New York City to Maine to fail in 15 minutes. An important ramification of this event was recognition of the need to strengthen the grid and improve system restart capabilities.
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An additional ramification of temp workers "guest" status is being at the bottom of the workplace hierarchy which is visually identifiable on ID cards, in different colored uniforms, as well as the encouragement of more "provocative dress". Their "guest" status often means temp workers are unable to access on-site workplace accommodations and are not included in meetings despite the length of their time working at the client firm. This is all compounded by a work system in which temps must file complaints about clients through the temp agencies, which, often enough, disqualifies them not only from another assignment at that firm but also from receiving an assignment from that temporary agency upon review. Since a client firm is harder to replace than a client employee, and there is no disincentive to not giving a complaining employee an assignment, there is an incentive for agencies to find employees who are willing to go along with the conditions of client firms, as opposed to severing ties with firms that routinely violate the law.
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The original Palompon town has several historical sites and heritage to reckon with that can be equated with the interesting saga and unflinching struggle of the ancient Palomponganons in making a virtual place in the annals of the history and etched a proverbial deck in the sun. The bravery and undaunted valiant stanch against all odds of our forefathers to vanquish foreign invaders way back the "Moro Marauders" in the ancient times down to their collective participation to repeal the controversial atrocities of Spaniards, Americans, Japanese in the land had echoed to other municipalities in the Leyte Island. The historic places and sites of the ancient Palompon are still there for everyone to give a nostalgic focus. But due to the ramification of its former barangays to town-hood and even city-hood where geographical subdivisions followed and were made appurtenant, the present Palompon map has been trimmed down of some of its interesting locations that bespeak the rich and formidable historical accounts of the Palomponganons through the years.
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The clan was founded in the 1960s by the Mazzarella brothers, Ciro known as 'o Scellone, Gennaro and Vincenzo, as a ramification of the Zaza clan, then headed by the historical boss Michele Zaza, who was a relative of the Mazzarella brothers. The organization started dedicating to the cigarette smuggling, establishing itself from the Borgo Santa Lucia to Posillipo, and from Bagnoli to Pozzuoli. The Mazzarella clan grew rapidly and became independent from the Zazas, thanks to Ciro Mazzarella, who since the 1960s demonstrated his entrepreneurial abilities, buying small ships and starting his own smuggling empire. In the 1970s, the organization was already dubbed by the media as the kings of the cigarette smuggling, however, during the eighties and nineties the organization ended up involved in many Camorra wars, in particular against the Contini clan, which led to the death of dozens of affiliates including the father of the Mazzarella brothers, Francesco, killed in an ambush in 1998, with an increase in February of the same year which led to ten deaths in nine days.
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His construction of the Ara Pacis symbolised peace for the Roman citizens under his rule and some colonies were renamed after the goddess and Augustus such as Pax Julia to Pax Augusta in ancient Lusitania, also coinage was circulated in the colonies supporting Augustus as the bringer of peace where his bust in shown and the goddess Pax on the obverse side. Augustus attempted to establish a cult of Pax in the provinces such as in Spain and Gaul like what he did with the imperial cult. Augustus’s reign emphasised the notion of peace to Roman citizens and recently subjugated peoples as a possible way to bring solidarity to the early empire and to consolidate his political philosophy. The imperial message could’ve communicated that Roman subjects enjoyed the goddess Pax and her benefits only because of the imperium of Augustus and the strength of his armies. The linking between emperor and Pax or her equivalent was not a new idea and had Greek origins with Alexander the Great and then with Pompey and Julius Caesar, in this time Pax was not seen as a powerful god like Jupiter but a ramification of the emperor’s strength and influence.
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