The lack of braceros prompted a wave of labor-saving mechanization, including forklifts in the fields to move 19203,21920-pound bins of produce, and the mechanization of the tomato harvest.
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At a national level, the union will not discuss mechanization.
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Shura's signature aural contradiction is that between atmospherics and mechanization.
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Yet as we know, the mechanization of agriculture didn't ruin the economy.
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"Mechanization is going to be evolutionary rather than revolutionary," he told MUNCHIES.
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The increased mechanization of farming has reduced the numbers of farm jobs.
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His opening example, the mechanization of the canning tomato harvest, proves it.
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Mechanization of farming jobs, integration, and isolation, left Belle Glade poorly developed.
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The plantation culture was collapsing, partly because of mechanization and foreign trade.
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Those iconic lines are thanks to American innovation and mechanization, according to Ace.
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Even delicate crops such as strawberries and peaches are being considered for mechanization.
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The mechanization of sacred writing bordered on blasphemy or at least cultural capitulation.
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The over-mechanization of dying in America has created a public health crisis.
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The next year, with increasing mechanization hurting his business, he applied for welfare.
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The increasing use of mechanization and other new technologies in those countries have led to productivity leaps that far outstrip rivals like Colombia, where many farms are set on steep Andean hillsides that make mechanization difficult and keep costs high.
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The increasing use of mechanization and other new technologies in Brazil and Vietnam have led to productivity leaps that far outstrip rivals like Colombia, where many farms are set on steep Andean hillsides that make mechanization difficult and keep costs high.
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The increasing use of mechanization and other new technologies in those countries have led to productivity leaps that far outstrip rivals like Colombia, where many farms are set on steep Andean hillsides that make mechanization difficult and keep costs high.
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César Chavez's United Farm Workers union made stopping mechanization its No. 41 legislative priority.
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The Industrial Revolution unleashed mechanization, leading to a proliferation of goods at cheap prices.
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Should we do with manufacturing what we did with cotton, which actually accelerated mechanization?
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Now mechanization is giving way to automation, affecting less-educated white Americans, especially men.
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These are areas that have been farmed for centuries without the aid of mechanization.
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"Everybody needs to keep moving, mechanization has and will continue to change industry," Cox said.
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"The critical factor was Turing's brilliant mechanization of subtle logical deductions," the biographer Hodges wrote.
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These farmers need access to better technologies, such as mechanization, irrigation and transport to markets.
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But even so, "the mines that are staying open are using more mechanization," he said.
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The mechanization of labor once pushed rural Southern blacks into the factories of the North.
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And we all know the rust belt song and dance, beat out to outsourcing and mechanization.
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Automation always destroys jobs—pretty much everyone used to be a farmer until mechanization came along.
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The former decreased its demand for labor through increased mechanization—a key prediction of economic theory.
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Mechanization and economies of scale in agriculture have been driving down rural employment for many decades.
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For while mechanization has boosted productivity, replacing man with machine may also have exacerbated worker exploitation.
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For while mechanization has boosted productivity, replacing man with machine may also have exacerbated worker exploitation.
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Rising sales of tractors and increasing mechanization mean that more animals are redundant for use in farming.
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It's technology or mechanization that's cost most of the jobs this past century in the coal industry.
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Forces including mechanization and trade have put employment prospects in the sector in an ever-worsening position.
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Before widespread mechanization, scientific instruments demanded the exquisite craftsmanship of artisans, sometimes several hands with multiple specializations.
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Rising sales of tractors and increasing mechanization mean that more animals are redundant for use in farming.
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The fertile land in the Mississippi flood plain is still farmed, but mechanization has replaced human labor.
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That teetering between earnest mechanization and bleak humor seems to undergird much of the work on display.
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The way that automation [and] mechanization is transforming society and threatening society is already kind of self-evident.
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And automation is just a kind of mechanization that allows you to do more stuff with fewer workers.
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Industrial mechanization has drastically changed the workforce over the past 200 years; it also has drastically improved the economy.
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But unlike most other approaches of applying AI to moneymaking, Bridgewater's tactic isn't about anomaly detection, it's about mechanization.
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Mechanization brought tractors and combine harvesters, which were initially used for grains, such as wheat, rye, oats, and barley.
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It's really interesting to look at that moment of the early mechanization of both the home and the farm.
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He attended military school, and also studied at Chongqing's Ground Force Mechanization Institute, where he spent time with armoured vehicles.
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Agricultural output will rise due to subsidies and increased mechanization, while two gold mines should open this year, Dembélé said.
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Nonetheless, the complete mechanization accomplished in the UK is a harbinger of what's possible in agriculture production, according to experts.
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This challenge has resulted in the development of things like pesticides, advances in irrigation, and increased mechanization of the farming process.
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Yet, none of the current proposals address the major problems facing Americans today — offshoring, mechanization and the resulting rise in unemployment.
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Chemaf has appointed a single artisanal mining contractor to develop its Mutoshi mine, initially manually with potential mechanization down the road.
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This approach allowed him to tackle vital Cold War issues like conformity, prejudice, suspicion, mechanization, alienation and, of course, the Bomb.
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Lincoln had little sympathy for farmers worried about mechanization, and he would have little sympathy for factory works worried about automation.
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But it ignores too many hard facts, he said, like the increase in mechanization and the abundance of cheap natural gas.
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"We won't participate in talks about mechanization because it will lead to job losses," said National Union of Mineworkers spokesman Livhuwani Mammburu.
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Essentially, there are two ways to confront the fact that human workers are being made increasingly obsolete by mechanization and computer automation.
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Mechanization had started on a very small scale but accelerated rapidly in the inter-war period and throughout the 1950s and 1960s.
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Mechanization had started on a very small scale but accelerated rapidly in the inter-war period and throughout the 1950s and 1960s.
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Energy and mechanization brought us from our fields into cities near factories, and in the past decades into offices behind our monitors.
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Decades ago, as the mechanization of agriculture wiped out the need for field hands, many black residents migrated north for factory jobs.
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We recognize that the decline of coal mining is due to mechanization and the increased supply of shale gas through hydraulic fracturing.
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For other crops — including asparagus, fresh strawberries, lettuce, celery, and cucumbers, for example — mechanization techniques were not available, and production simply fell.
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As the cost of labor seemed set to rise — because political pressure led to the end of the bracero program — growers embraced mechanization.
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With increased mechanization and the application of new technology, coal employment has fallen even faster than coal production over the past several decades.
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So let's say these movements on the right and the left, they halt trade agreements, not necessarily trade itself, but mechanization moves forward.
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Better sanitation infrastructure, farming mechanization, Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal, and the end of sharecropping almost entirely freed the region from hookworms by 1985.
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A major retrospective of the French artist's work at the Centre Pompidou-Metz highlights how he anticipated the accelerating mechanization of human life.
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Solar energy is a growing presence in the agriculture industry, partly as a way to offset increasing energy demands from water shortages and mechanization.
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Because of its concentrated impact on certain demographic groups and local communities, mechanization and the revolution in energy services has often produced a backlash.
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But the state's coal industry has already been getting hit by the mechanization of work, China's slowing coal demand and lower natural-gas prices.
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If Mr. Bayrle's work seems mainly focused on automation, production and mechanization, however, it also contains a heavily — and sometimes heavy-handed — Christian component.
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However, she does raise the societal questions about our mechanization of medicine and our overall treatment of human suffering, which warrants far greater examination.
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Mechanization and industrial development has shrunk or eliminated tens of millions of mostly manual jobs over the past century - including several whole categories of employment.
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Strikes and mechanization agreements between employers and unions aimed to slow the pace of change and provide some compensation for workers affected, with little success.
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One of the industries that's been most transformed by mechanization is agriculture, with innovations like tractors and milking machines speeding up production and increasing yields.
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Moreover, like nearly all industries, coal jobs have been hurt by mechanization, as fewer and fewer workers are needed to extract coal from the ground.
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In Colombia and Central America, coffee is typically grown on hillsides where mechanization is more difficult, and hand-picking cherries has kept production costs relatively high.
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Mechanization and improvements in energy capture have been responsible for the enormous increase in productivity and economic opportunity but mostly at the expense of manual labor.
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The decline of coal in Appalachia is a result of increased mechanization of mining, the conversion of power plants to cheaper natural gas, and environmental regulations.
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For example, he wants more mechanization of agriculture, more automation of factories, and higher coal output, but didn't specifically say how he would achieve those goals.
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If you're extremely generous in your interpretation, you can argue that EssayBot is essentially a harmless mechanization of the academic process — rather than, you know, cheating.
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Experts on manufacturing also doubt that the government can significantly increase factory employment, noting that mechanization is the major reason fewer people are working in factories.
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FAO foresaw that villagers would lose wages due to the mechanization and planned for them to earn money instead by collecting seeds for planting, said Sacande.
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The types of industries that are currently operating in rural regions — farming, transportation and warehousing and mechanization — are the exact industries that are ripe for automation.
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This avowed capitalist gives no truck to protests against the general mechanization of society today, which has led to a resurgence of luddism in certain quarters.
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But in contrast to more developed countries, agriculture in North Korea relies much more on mass-mobilization of workers rather than mechanization such as harvesters and tractors.
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The industrial revolution refers to the gains made by business and industry since the development of mechanization in manufacturing around the late 1700s and throughout the 1800s.
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Ever since their commercial release, paint-by-number kits have been a convenient ready-made metaphor for the commercialization and mechanization of culture in the early 1950s.
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"It actually pushes some of the themes that he wants — going up the value-added chain, Made in China, bringing in more robots, more mechanization," Slone said.
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Mechanization meant farmers needed to plant fewer oats to feed their horses, and soon devoted much of the previously oat-covered land to planting soybeans instead, reports Eos.
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The pushcarts could no longer sustain the demand and the mechanization has really helped... because I'm able to get to the far end of my market in time.
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But this has been so in all industries, going so far back as the introduction of the first steam engine, on through to the mechanization of assembly lines.
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Third, farmers anticipating ever-higher wages sponsored research on labor-saving mechanization, so that one major study predicted there would soon be no hand-labor jobs on farms.
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"People still have a strong stereotypical image of farming as a dirty and hard-labor job, but it's no longer all true thanks to gradual mechanization," Chiba said.
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Mechanization, environmental regulations and increased global competition have been slowly whittling away at resource extraction economies and driving jobs from rural communities for most of the 20th century.
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The phenomenon began in the '60s and '70s, Soto said, when mechanization made many agricultural workers redundant and masses of people moved to the cities looking for work.
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Mechanization sped up the tempo across the plantation, making it harder for slaves who cut the cane by hand to keep up with the demands of the mill.
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"I've been approached by people in other commodities, such as cantaloupe, table grapes, tomatoes — all the fresh market vegetables like that to address this robotics mechanization," Maconachy said.
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All told, it's a sensible step towards engaging the automation problem at large—it offers time to assess impacts, retrain workers, or cushion the blow if mechanization is imminent.
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Farmers in the nation's top agriculture state are increasingly moving to different forms of mechanization to get around the farm labor crunch, according to a California Farm Bureau survey.
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A casualty of mechanization and other changes to American agriculture, the once-thriving city of Pine Bluff, population 45,000 and dropping, is among the poorest cities in the country.
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He said the technology is getting smaller, faster and cheaper, so it is making applicability to labor problems in agriculture more realistic to solve with robotics and other mechanization.
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See, we have 25-meter nets and we use facilitators, but mechanization lowers the quality of the food and reduces the workforce, which is the opposite of what we want.
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"You must adapt with different crops, different agricultural techniques, different mechanization and productivity improvement - but in some areas you may have to be prepared to learn another trade," he said.
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In democracies and autocracies alike, there is concern that the next round of industrial mechanization may cost jobs and undermine living standards, without any clear international strategy to mitigate that.
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"In most countries, the big period of labor-saving mechanization happened in the 1960s, when wages went way up, in the US they went up by 40 percent," he said.
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California tomato growers evinced little interest in mechanization until it became clear that their prized labor source, "bracero" guest workers imported from Mexico under conditions of near indenture, was threatened.
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Coal mining has defined the area for at least a century, although the industry has declined massively in recent years amid mechanization and the growth of other forms of energy.
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As an example, mechanization and technical changes are the main causes of falling employment in the coal industry, but impacted states and communities tend to blame a visible target: regulations.
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But since these communities were farming before mechanization, we can assume that people were likely tilling soil, planting and harvesting crops, and grinding grain to make flour—all by hand.
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Houser pointed out that mining employment in places like West Virginia has been declining for decades thanks to mechanization, the industry's shift to Wyoming, and now the boom in natural gas.
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The mechanization of the cotton harvest in the 1950s and 1960s likewise led to the end of the Bracero Program, the agricultural guest-worker program between the United States and Mexico.
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Making it difficult to hire and fire leads to workers in jobs to which they are not best suited, or else convinces employers to explore needlessly costly mechanization, reducing their efficiency.
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"We're seeing more and more of a move towards just technology in general, whether it's robotics or mechanization," said wine grape grower Ryan Jacobsen, CEO of the Fresno County Farm Bureau.
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High labor costs, low mechanization and reliance on rain for irrigation in more than half of cultivated land in the semi-arid state have left many farmers struggling to make ends meet.
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Since then, there has been a continuous trend toward greater mechanization and automation, substituting human and animal labor for mechanical power driven by energy from coal, oil, gas, nuclear and now renewables.
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Bottom line: Top-down laboratory-developed technological 'solutions' under control of agribusiness, such as genetically engineered seeds, more agrochemicals and extreme mechanization, only lead us deeper into the food and climate crises.
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There, the sky there is pockmarked by flocks of Dickian-esque robotic birds designed to evade detection by radar and human eye; a distorted reflection of nature turned deliberately menacing through mechanization.
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And, as with any case of mechanization of labor, humans will inevitably be replaced, meaning that the time-honored summer job of pushing carts in the parking lot could soon be obsolete.
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At the same time, increased mechanization is taking away some manual labor, while a lack of training of farmers and farm workers for alternate jobs is leaving them with few livelihood options.
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It's full of the visions of a country wracked by the effects of automation, mechanization, and the clueless despots who'll do nothing to repair it, either on a personal or cosmic level.
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To do this, in addition to reliance on synthetic inputs and mechanization, farmers use genetically modified (GM) seeds that are less prone to failure and can withstand heavy doses of chemical pesticides.
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"Mass production has always been an interest of ours especially the mechanization of work and what that might mean to art production," Villa Design Group member William Joys tells The Creators Project.
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" He added, "Mental mechanization of labor has been going on for decades—essentially seeing workers as robots and demanding higher and higher productivity with less and less regard to their human condition.
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Today, thanks to mechanization and the use of sophisticated data analytics to handle the operation of crops and cattle, fewer than 2 percent are in agriculture, yet their output is significantly higher.
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"Cows can be mostly raised in [the] Western world or developed countries where the weather and production conditions, [mechanization], and management conditions are incomparably better than those of underdeveloped counties," Park says.
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On balance, mechanization and increased use of new energy rather than manual labor has brought a tremendous improvement in living standards, but the costs for subgroups affecting by the transitions have been intense.
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But there's been a steep downturn in coal jobs across the state due to competition with cheaper natural gas, tougher environmental rules and mechanization, and this county has seen the worst of it.
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There are things that mechanization and robots can take away from us for the better, but bars of the future will still have that element of luxury, and customization will become more important.
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"19th century industrialization led to far more mechanization of small manufactured objects like tacks, and machines for converting wire stock into tacks became much more common," explains Heginbotham in an email to Creators.
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The bulk producers in Castile-La Mancha are understandably proud of the state-of-the-art irrigation, harvest mechanization and storage systems that they put in place, with help from European Union subsidies.
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With increasing use of mechanization and other new technologies, the world's top two coffee producers, Brazil and Vietnam, are achieving productivity growth that outstrips rivals in places such as Colombia, Central America and Africa.
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China's $60 billion farm machinery industry has been burdened by overcapacity and low profit-margins after a years-long subsidy scheme to promote mechanization in farming led to mass production of low-quality tractors.
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According to the farm bureau, about 56% of the farmers surveyed have started using mechanization in the past five years, and of the total, more than half said it was because of labor shortages.
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The decades-long decline in coal jobs reflects larger economic forces: mechanization, tapped-out coal veins in Appalachia, and stiffer competition from increasingly cheap energy production from solar panels, wind turbines, and natural gas.
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Aiming for quality rather than quantity, they use methods that might have been recognizable to farmers before the mid-20th century, when "conventional agriculture" came to mean chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides and routine mechanization.
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The mechanization of agriculture consolidated farms and released workers to cities where mass production factories, and the commercial enterprises modeled after it, demanded workers conform to the practices dictated by professional managers and engineers.
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To assess any link between automation and the 2016 election, the authors used local mechanization data from the International Federation of Robotics and county-level voting data from Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
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" It took the anarchists to argue, often violently, that working people were suffering from "increased mechanization, the decline of apprenticeship, the increase in piece rates, speedups and the beginnings of scientific management in large factories.
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A 2003 study found that the impact of mechanization and labor-saving devices, including dishwashers, washing machines, escalators and cars utilized in driving to work, led to a 111-calorie reduction in daily energy expenditure.
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But if relations with U.S. agribusiness companies are not managed carefully, Cuba could revert to an industrial approach that relies on mechanization, transgenic crops and agrochemicals, rolling back the revolutionary gains that its campesinos have achieved.
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Speaking in Athens, Obama said he recognized an "anger and fear in the American population" over threats of mechanization and globalization, but that Republican officials didn't use facts when making their case about the US economy.
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He cited key developments in the late 1890s and early 1990s: During mechanization of agriculture, we have also experienced rapid creation of new jobs and tasks in industry, both for production workers and for clerical workers.
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"Brazil and Vietnam have had consistent increases in productivity, other countries have not," said Jeffrey Sachs, director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University, citing advances in mechanization, selective crop breeding techniques and irrigation technology.
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IRENA said that the number of jobs in large and small hydropower, liquid biofuels and solar heating and cooling fell because of "various factors" such as the removal of subsidies, increased mechanization and a fall in installations.
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It also sets the bar for mechanization companies, insurance and finance firms, and food processing and retail industries, so that the overall agriculture sector can deliver healthy food and agriculture products for people, while protecting the environment.
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Technology has the potential and ability to advance in unprecedented, accelerated ways; we've witnessed the rapid period of mechanization felt during the industrial revolution, and the internet that has brought about dramatic changes in how we communicate.
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There is no end in sight to the downward trend in coal employment; even if coal production somehow stabilizes, all indications are that the employment levels will continue to fall due to increased mechanization and other factors.
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The more recent decline in Appalachian coal employment started in the 1980s during the administration of Ronald Reagan because of the role that automation and mechanization played in replacing miners with machines, especially in mountaintop removal mining.
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Mine owner Gold Fields blames unforgiving geology 3 km (2 miles) beneath the operation south west of Johannesburg, says it has not had to fire anyone over mechanization and points to staff members who have readily embraced change.
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"At this phase we focus primarily on mechanization, but coupling the insights being generated through that device with the IBM platform solutions specifically for agriculture can extend the value we offer our customers and…be monetized," said Oliver.
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"If if you're going to rotate between soy and corn, herbicide-tolerant soybeans are needed for mechanization," he added, referring to the need for crops to be able to tolerate repeated exposure to weed killers applied by tractors.
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What I heard a lot of was more about the uncertainty of this, and people saying in the end this either means more mechanization if we don't have labor available, to have this done even more by machines.
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Authorities declared the village near the border with Bulgaria closed in 21980 due to depopulation caused by mechanization of the economy, the closure of state factories and an exodus from Serbia linked to the Balkan wars of the 2700s.
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Rising minimum wages in many states, fewer flexible newcomers, and advances in mechanization have encouraged many farmers to invest in machines, which are doing more planting and pruning and are improving rapidly to harvest blueberries, peaches, and leaf lettuces.
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As the title suggests, To Dig a Hole That Collapses Again is an analogy for the insatiable hunger of mechanization and industry, for the false promises of modernity, which we are collectively only beginning to realize fell short of its ideals.
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In Rockingham, Barham details the decline of the American Dream from the perspective of a World War II veteran forced to watch jobs promised to him and his fellow soldiers dry up and disappear due to mechanization or lack of positions.
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To hear him tell it, globalization and mechanization has lifted up millions of people in the developing world out of poverty, but it's also harmed the fortunes of the Western middle class, or what used to be the middle class.
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An attempt at mechanization years ago was abandoned in the face of geological challenges, one of many costly missteps that have dented investor confidence in a company that has seen its share price plummet around 97 percent in five years.
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The freeze on research may have slowed the mechanization of California's harvests, but by the year 2000, only 5,000 harvest workers were employed in California to pick and sort what was by then a 12-million-ton crop of tomatoes.
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From servicing farm machinery to operating equipment for processing, packaging and distribution, mechanization would "open up a lot of business opportunities for young people", said Ousmane Badiane, the panel's co-chair and Africa director at the International Food Policy Research Institute.
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If it weren't for these other changes, many of them technological and social in nature, mechanization of agriculture would have created much more hardship (and today we tend to forget how much hardship it did create in the first place).
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"Young people are leaving our small towns because they can't find jobs, and that is going on all over the country," he said, though some of the gathered residents expressed doubt that coal jobs would return in light of technology and mechanization upgrades.
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And while the coal sector has recently seen a production and employment bump due to a rise in global demand for metallurgical, steel-making coal, it has been devastated by bankruptcies, layoffs, and large-scale shifts to mechanization and cleaner sources of energy.
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It certainly can be — but most people wouldn't argue that the mechanization of production, the fast-fashion-ification of the creative process, and the introduction of high-tech have made the act of making clothes more of a business than an art.
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Now, as mechanization and technology transform the ranching industry, making the job of cowboy less about physical strength — though female ranchers have that in spades — and more about business, animal husbandry and the environment, women have reclaimed their connection to the land.
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The conventional wisdom is that A.I. might soon put millions of people out of work — that it stands poised to do to clerical and white collar workers over the next two decades what mechanization did to factory workers over the past two.
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Another is that well operators that once hired five or six people on a drill site to mix chemicals and drilling fluids as well as clean up spills are now hiring only three as mechanization has sliced their drilling time in half.
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In fact, it was in reaction to tedious mechanization that Linn developed the MPC to begin with: "It dumbfounds me how many computer software applications force the musician to learn engineering in order to play music," he told me in an email.
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As a side note, there's a ~pretty~ strong corollary between Red States and automate-able states—many have been subject to a legacy of mechanization and outsourcing—which continues to support the theory that automation helps fuel resentment and class anger and, well, Trump.
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One evening, as we sat in the gloaming dimness of his library, Kubitschek delivered a long lament about what he perceived to be the ills of modernity: banal consumption, the decline of Christian belief (Kubitschek is a Catholic), mechanization that is making workers superfluous.
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I had this idea of looking at several cases where automation was sort of a literal cause of death—a way of considering automation as a certain kind of metaphorical death, a kind of dehumanizing mechanization that our society has been subject to for a long time.
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"The average Indian farm holding is just one percent of what you'd find in U.S., so farmers aren't able to afford technology, even basic mechanization, because the capital load is too high," EM3 founder and managing director Rohtash Mal (pictured above) told TechCrunch in an interview.
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Fundamentally about a pair of brothers dealing with lingering grief over the loss of their dad, the film adds a magical wrinkle to the premise by setting the story in a mythical world filled with elves, centaurs and pixies -- one where modern wonders and mechanization evolved very much along the lines of our own.
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Perry's grid review found that the coal industry has shed nearly 40,203 jobs over the last 15 years, but attributes those losses not only to the downturn in demand but also "increased mechanization and a shift to western coal" — the massive mines of Wyoming's Powder River Basin need fewer workers than those in Appalachia to extract each ton of coal.
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Far from the "mechanization" of education, our goal is to continue making advances that recognize the variety of ways humans learn, encourage transdisciplinary thinking to ask new questions and search for new solutions, give students confidence that they can succeed even in subjects they thought were impossible, reduce dropout rates that exacerbate student debt issues and create a diverse, growing population capable of lifelong learning and adapting to a rapidly changing world.
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