One internee is seen screaming while lying on her side cowering beneath a wooden bench.
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If you want to see the record of a specific internee, this is a great resource.
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In the morning he ran into a fellow internee, a medical student who was the sister of a friend.
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In 1988 President Ronald Reagan signed the Civil Liberties Act, which apologized for the government's actions toward those of Japanese ancestry during World War II and gave $20,000 to each surviving internee.
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Trump ignored the inconvenient fact that not a single case of espionage or sabotage was ever proven against any internee, and that the military itself admitted that there was never any evidence to support their sweeping policy.
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It is located at Mitford Road, Babubazar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. There are eight hostels (dormitories) in this medical college. The main hostel and its extension (male), BDS hostel (male), Alauddin hostel (male), three ladies hostels, Internee hostel (male) and Internee Hostel (female).
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Sonnenfeldt was sent to a prison in Australia, then released. On arrival in Australia he gave his name as Wolfgang Heinz Israel Sonnenfeldt.Alien registration records NAA:MP1103/1 E40691 "Prisoner of War/Internee: Sonnenfeldt, Heinz Wolfgang", NAA:MP1103/2 E40691 "Prisoner of War/Internee; Sonnenfeldt, Wolfgang Heinz Israel". National Archives of Australia.
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The repression of memory led to historical revisionism in Italy. A photograph of an internee from Rab concentration camp was included in 1963 anthology "Notte sul'Europa" misidentified as a photograph of an internee of a German camp, when in fact the internee was Janez Mihelčič, born 1885 in Babna Gorica, who died at Rab in 1943.Capogreco, C.S. (2004) "I campi del duce: l'internamento civile nell'Italia fascista, 1940-1943", Giulio Einaudi editore. In 2003 the Italian media published Silvio Berlusconi's statement that Benito Mussolini merely "used to send people on vacation".
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Two female hostels, two male hostels, and two internee hostels are in the campus & also Resident hostel for post graduate students.
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Unlike fellow internee Sakakihara, Abe did not return to politics after the end of World War II. He died on November 26, 1982 at the Castle Memorial Hospital.
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Until 1942, it was not even a technical offence to aid the escape of an internee. Surface ships were excluded from the deal. See Fisk pp.176–177.
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He reputedly allowed MI6 the use of some of the premises on his estate and was a business associate and personal friend of World War II internee Robert Liversidge.
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Bernice Archer, "Internee voices: Women and children's experience of being Japanese captives"; in Kevin Blackburn and Karl Hack (eds,) Forgotten Captives in Japanese Occupied Asia, (London & New York, Routledge, 2008). pp. 224-242.
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The internee dorm rooms are larger than their student counterparts and also contain a separate bathroom in each room. There is also technically a dining room, living room and kitchen on the ground floor.
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Internee and PoW camps throughout Australia also housed a number of German sailors (from both the merchant marine and the navy), as well as German prisoners of wars brought from other theaters (primarily, north Africa).
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The Day Joyce Sheet, ID no. EPH 3849, is held in the Exhibits and Firearms Department of the Imperial War Museum.Imperial War Museum Collections Search EPH 3849: embroidered sheet, Far East Civilian internee. Accessed 9 December 2011.
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Van Sickle, p.181 A blow to internee living standards was a typhoon on November 14, 1943, which dumped 69 cm (27 inches) of rain on the compound, destroying many of the shanties, flooding buildings and destroying much-needed food and other supplies. The distress caused by the typhoon, however, was soon relieved by the receipt in the camp of Red Cross food parcels just before Christmas. Every internee, including children, received a parcel weighing 48 pounds (21.8 kg) and containing luxuries such as butter, chocolate, and canned meat.
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Camp 9 (also known as Italian Internee Camp No. 9) was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 8 kilometres from Barmera. This camp could hold up to 1000 people, detaining Italian civilian internees, and later Italian prisoners of war. The camp began operations on 12 August 1940 and the first Italian POW arrived at the camp on 11 June 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army.
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During World War II he was an internee at Changi and Sime Road during the Japanese occupation of Malaya and Singapore. After the war, Aston was the Resident Commissioner of Penang from 1948 to 1950 and 1950 to 1951.
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Nazi supporting Germans were sent there soon after, and a former Hitler advisor was appointed as the head of the internee committee, which created an unsafe environment for the Jews that remained at Camp Algiers for the following 2 years.
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Male dormitory A & B block, Intern dormitory (From front to behind) Female dormitory A & B block After passing the final exam, interns must move out of the student dorms and thereafter they may choose whether to go to work from home or from the internee dormitory; it's not compulsory for interns to stay in the internee dormitory as it is for cadets. The internee dormitory itself is different in structure - there are no separate buildings for the boys and girls but rather a single building with a demarcation in between i.e. no connection between either sides of the dorm. The boys' side and the girls' side of the dorm are mirror images of each other: each side has six floors, the top five floors having six rooms on each floor, so a total of 30 rooms for each side and a potential total of 60 boys or girls can be housed (120 interns in total).
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Prisoner-of-war and internee mail is also subject to postal censorship, which is permitted under Articles 70 and 71 of the Third Geneva Convention (1929–1949). It is frequently subjected to both military and civil postal censorship because it passes through both postal systems.
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In addition to the publication of her doctoral thesis, Banham also authored a memoir, A Certain Light, which parallels her family history (in particular her maternal grandfather Alfredo, an Italian military internee during World War II) with her own experiences in surviving the Garuda crash.
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They are Shahid Muktijuddha Kaji Nurunnobbi hostel and Shahid Shah Mainul Ahsan Pinku hostel. Polin, Falguni and Ayesha Siddiqa are for female. Ayesha Siddiqa hostel was inaugurated in 2006. Shahid Jamil Akhtar Raton hostel is for male and another one for female internee doctors.
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Omar Said Salim Al Dayi is held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 549. He arrived in Guantanamo on June 18, 2002. The Guantanamo Review Task Force cleared him for release in January 2010.
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Sir Ernest MacMillan (1893–1973): Portrait of a Canadian Musician, Ruhleben. Library and Archives Canada (electronic collection). Retrieved 2011-09-12. MacMillan was later interviewed about his experiences as an internee at Ruhleben, as part of a series of CBC interviews with Canadian First World War veterans.
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It directed the INS not to issue any more warrants or orders, if their only basis was the original warrants of arrest. The bill never passed. The Attorney General gave up plenary jurisdiction over the last internee on Ellis Island late in 1948. In Ludecke v.
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Alfred Freund-Zinnbauer Alfred Freund-Zinnbauer MBE (26 June 1910 – 9 November 1978) was an Australian community worker, internee, Lutheran pastor and refugee. Zinnbauer was born in Vienna, Austro-Hungarian Empire (Austria) and died in Adelaide, South Australia. His wife was Helga Josephine Zinnbauer, a librarian.
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"Retirement is Announced for Three Army Generals," The New York Times (July 28, 1962): 3. Trapnell later served as an advisory board member of the Center for Internee Rights in Florida advocating for just treatment of US prisoners of war and fair compensation from holding nations.
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Johanna Ludewig (28 March 1891 – 11 July 1958) was a German politician (SPD, KPD). As a member of the Prussian parliament between 1921 and 1933 she was particularly active in the Communist Women's movement. During 1944 she survived approximately three weeks as an internee in the Ravensbrück concentration camp.
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Phelps, p. 211 The broadcasts—aired on 28 June, 9, 23 and 30 July and 6 August—were titled How to be an Internee Without Previous Training, and comprised humorous anecdotes about Wodehouse's experiences as a prisoner, including some gentle mocking of his captors.Connolly, p. 91; and Phelps, p.
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Joseph Yoshisuke Kurihara (1895–1965) was a Japanese American internee at Manzanar and then Tule Lake who renounced U.S. citizenship under the Renunciation Act of 1944 in protest of the internment. After the end of World War II, he emigrated to Japan, where he lived until his death.
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The following year, he went to China to teach English at Yenching University and was subsequently (1943) imprisoned by the Japanese, first under house arrest at the University and later in an internment camp near the city of Weihsien in Shantung Province (where Eric Liddell was a fellow internee).
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On 26 January 2004 three detainees escaped at night during a period of intense fog. An investigation "concluded that the detainees crawled under a fence when visibility was only 10–15 meters due to fog". On 19 October 2004, a 26-year-old security internee died of unknown causes.
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Along with being a junior counselor, DeForest also worked as a translator during military trials in 1945. Military trials were held to determine whether or not an internee was disloyal to the United States. Anyone who was found to be disloyal was moved to another internment camp at Tule Lake.
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Specifically, Ingram also alleges that Nelson was used to protect an FRU asset known as "Stakeknife" alleged to be Frederico "Freddie" Scappaticci of the IRA's Internal Security Unit (ISU). Scappaticci denied this claim. Scappaticci was "Kerbstone". This was done via the assassination of World War II-era internee Francisco Notarantonio.
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She was named California Woman of the Year in 2012. That year, she spoke on a panel at the first Fred Korematsu Day event in Pasadena. Esther Takei married a fellow Japanese-American internee, Shigeto Nishio, in 1947; they had a son, John. She died in 2019, aged 94 years, in Pasadena, California.
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He was later moved to Batu Lintang camp near Kuching in Sarawak, where he was held as a civilian internee until the camp was liberated in 1945. After the war, Young returned to Sandakan before emigrating to Australia. He became the manager of a tannin extract factory near Perth, Western Australia, and retired in 1970.
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Stanisław Dygat Stanisław Dygat (5 December 1914, Warsaw – 29 January 1978, Warsaw) was a Polish writer. His most famous novel, "Jezioro Bodeńskie" ("Lake Constance"), was written during World War II and published in 1946. All of his works are partly autobiographical (ex. because of his French origin, he was an internee in Constance in 1939).
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She married Ullrich Roitzsch in 1963 and her student career came to an abrupt halt. Her two children were born over the next few years. Ingrid Roitsch's next career move was to the Pinneberger Tageblatt, a regional daily newspaper published near Hamburg. She started as an internee, later joining the payroll as a contributing editor between 1971 and 1980.
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The WRA closed Manzanar when the final internee left at 11:00 a.m. on November 21, 1945. It was the sixth camp to be closed. Although the Japanese Americans had been brought to the Owens Valley by the United States Government, they had to leave the camp and travel to their next destinations on their own.
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From 1942–1945 Rice-Oxley was interned by the Japanese as a civilian internee at Batu Lintang camp near Kuching, Sarawak. Post-war, he returned to Britain and was working as a dairy farmer at Knowle Farm, Uploders, Dorset, when he died on 21 July 1961. He is buried in the churchyard of St. Mary Magdalene, Loders, Dorset.
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169 Noguchi arrived at the Poston camp in May 1942, becoming its only voluntary internee. Noguchi first worked in a carpentry shop, but his hope was to design parks and recreational areas within the camp. Although he created several plans at Poston, among them designs for baseball fields, swimming pools, and a cemetery,Duus, 2004. p.
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He was an internee during the martial law in 1981–1982. Between 1980 and 1986, he worked at Branch of the University of Warsaw in Białystok. For the next five years he was a lecturer at the Academy of Special Education in Warsaw. In the 1980s, he was also, occasionally, writing scenarios and co-authoring novels.
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Eva Maria Ehrhard was born in Berlin. She was not quite 18 when the war ended and she took her first job, working initially as an internee with a Berlin daily newspaper. It was here that she met Heinz Mudrich (1925–2016) whom she subsequently married. It was, according to Mudrich, a "lightning encounter that lasted sixty years".
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The Japanese selected a business executive named Earl Carroll as head of the internee government and he selected five, later nine, men he knew to serve as an executive committee.Hartendorp, A.V.H. The Japanese Occupation of the Philippines. Manila: Bookmark, 1967, pp. 10, 14 They appointed a British missionary who had lived in Japan, Ernest Stanley, as interpreter.
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A civilian internee is a civilian detained by a party to a war for security reasons. Internees are usually forced to reside in internment camps. Historical examples include Japanese American internment and internment of German Americans in the United States during World War II. Japan interned 130,000 Dutch, British, and American civilians in Asia during World War II.
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City elects new SDLP lord mayor He successfully represented the SDLP on Belfast City council until 2014. Following nominations from church and community groups across the sectarian divide McCarthy was awarded an MBE for Political and Community Cohesion in the 2016 New Year Honours.Former SDLP Belfast mayor and internee defends MBE award, irishnews.com; retrieved 24 November 2017.
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As an internee, he was involved in drama productions with other internees. On returning to Ireland, he reported on the Versailles Treaty for The Irish Times, then edited by John E. Healy. He contributed to the still ongoing "Irishman’s Diary" column of the paper from 1927. In 1934, he was appointed editor of the paper, in succession to Healy.
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Robert William Liversidge (11 June 1904 – 30 September 1994),Date of death per Ancestry.ca formerly Jacob (Jack) Perlsweig, was a British businessman whose activities sometimes attracted the attention of the police and intelligence services. He was also a reputed spy and the subject of a cause célèbre as an internee in Britain during the Second World War.
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Despite being confined to the gaol surrounds and the structure of each day being prescribed by a set of rules, the internees were relatively free to move within the borders of the gaol during daylight hours and under the eye of guards located in the four watchtowers of the gaol. Swimming and fishing in the beautiful waters surrounding Trial Bay Gaol and playing tennis at one of the three internee established tennis courts were among the leisure pastimes of the internees. There were opportunities to participate in work activities either in internee established private businesses such as providing welding, shoemaking or furniture building services, camp functions such as cooking, gardening, cleaning and sanitation or government work projects such as land clearing. About a third of the internees were involved in such activities.
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At Tule Lake, Marvin Opler befriended several well-known Japanese American internees. One of these was Yamato Ichihashi, one of the first academics of Asian ancestry in the United States. Ichihashi wrote a comprehensive account of his experiences as an internee. Opler was impressed by the work of George Tamura, a Japanese American artist who spent his teenage years imprisoned at Tule Lake.
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Most of the camp guards were Koreans, with a few Formosans (Taiwanese). There was a range of administrative buildings, quartermaster’s stores, guard houses, guards’ quarters and a camp hospital. Throughout its operation, all the camps at Batu Lintang, including the internee ones, were conducted under prisoner-of-war rules.Keith 83 The entire camp was surrounded by a perimeter barbed wire fence.
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The main statue is composed of several profiles—a (grand)father, internee, pregnant mother, and child—that combine to form a single figure in mirror polished stainless steel. In September 2018, the RCMP planted a tree on the grounds of the Canadian Police College in Ottawa as a show of regret for their involvement with the internment of Italian Canadians.
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A guard kicked the internee lying on the ground before Dobroliubov was sent to the punishment cell. Symforian Dziedic, a Polish lieutenant, was voluntarily returned to Switzerland after fleeing to France. After a second attempt to escape at the end of 1943, he was imprisoned in Wauwilermoos again. Béguin locked Dziedic, as described by the lieutenant, in an "arrest local beside the pigsty".
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Mohamed Atiq Awayd Al Harbi is a citizen of Saudi Arabia, held in extrajudicial detention in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 333. The US Department of Defense reports that he was born on July 13, 1973, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Muhammad al Awfi was transferred to Saudi Arabia on November 9, 2007.
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Ojii-chan dies peacefully while tending his vegetable garden. Upon release, Frankie asks Kei to marry him ("Nothing in Our Way"). After the Enola Gay bombs Hiroshima ("Itetsuita"), America celebrates victory, and each internee is released and given $25 and a bus ticket ("Victory Swing"). After the war, Sammy learns that Frankie and Kei have a daughter, Hanako, named after Hannah.
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Although the distance is walkable there is auto facility available to commute the main highway (₹10/- on sharing) . A BMTC bus number 283A runs through the campus connecting campus to the city market. College Bus facility is also provided by the college at an additional Rs. 11,000/- per year. In college bus facility House Surgeons ( Internee) gets pass for free transportation.
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Muhammad Ahmad Abdallah Al Ansi is a citizen of Yemen, held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. Al Ansi's Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 029. American intelligence analysts estimate that Al Ansi was born in 1975, in Sanaa, Yemen. He was cleared for release on December 9, 2016, a recommendation made public on December 22.
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When he mentioned this to his companion, Matty O'Neill, a former Curragh internee, remarking on the garishness of the advertisement, Boyce was surprised when the older man replied "Sure, them that's running it now don't mind." Intrigued that the organisation was still active, he investigated further and was officially brought into the organisation at age 27.Coogan, Tim Pat. The IRA.
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The barracks and barbed wire have disappeared. The most significant vestige of the camp today is a carved rock that depicts a soldier with a gun and the dates 1789 and 1939, marking the 150th anniversary of the French Revolution. A nearby rock bears the inscription "Gierke, Walter," a former internee of the camp who may have sculpted the memorial.
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Khalid Mohammed Salih Al Dhuby is a citizen of Yemen, who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba for almost fourteen years. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 506. American intelligence analysts estimate that Al Dhuby was born in 1981, in Ta'if, Saudi Arabia. He was first recommended for release in 2006.
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Majid Mahmud Abdu Ahmad is a citizen of Yemen who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 41. The Department of Defense reports that he was born on June 15, 1980, in Al Buraiqeh District, Yemen. He was transferred to United Arab Emirates, with fourteen other men, on August 15, 2016.
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Even so, they sent a military courier to retrieve the disk they had delivered late, and replace it with a more limited one. The documents the DoD released were incomplete. While several dozen transcripts contained the captives names, because they had spelled them out, because they said their documents bore the wrong name, all the other documents were identified only by their Internee Security Number.
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Tarlach Ó hUid, editor of IRA newspaper War News and co-founder of the Irish Republican Radio station became an active member of the party as did Gearóid Ó Broin, a member of the IRA Army Council. IRA Adjuntant-General, Tomás Ó Dubhghaill, gave the party his approval. An IRA internee in the Curragh reported to Roger McHugh that many of his fellow internees supported Ó Cuinneagáin.
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Born from a humble family (his father was a pastry chef, orphaned from his mother since birth), he spent his childhood and adolescence in Chiavenna, the city from which the family originated. He graduated in literature from the Catholic University of Milan in 1942. He was Lieutenant of Complement of the Alpini. After 8 September 1943 he took refuge in the Swiss Confederation as an internee.
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Samir Naji al Hasan Moqbel is a citizen of Yemen who was held in extrajudicial detention in the United States's Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number was 043. The Department of Defense reports Moqbel was born on December 1, 1977, in Taiz, Yemen. On April 15, 2013, the New York Times published an Op-ed by Moqbel titled "Gitmo is killing me".
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As before, he was seen as a person of influence and made the leader of his barrack. The internees in camp created a governing body which aimed at standing up for internees and for family reunification, of which Fukuda was a member. He also helped internee workers get wages from the Santa Fe camp authorities, and he set up a camp newspaper.Fukuda, Yoshiaki (1990).
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Dennis Hevesi. "Frank Emi, Defiant World War II Internee, Dies at 94," The New York Times, 18 Dec 2010. Also in 1943, with new soldiers to replace those who had died in combat in high demand, the previous restrictions against Nisei men (listed as enemy aliens ineligible for service after Pearl Harbor) were set aside in order to create a segregated unit of Japanese American volunteers.Franklin Odo.
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On 5 January 2005, a 31-year-old security internee died of what appears to be natural causes. In April 2004, in Compound 4, a riot broke out in which detainees threw rocks and fashioned weapons out of tent poles. Detainees held a military soldier hostage until the riot was dispelled by the use of lethal force. Four detainees were killed and six were injured.
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He was President of the Metropolitan Theater Company which built the Manila Metropolitan Theater. He was also among the top patrons and financial supporters who kept the Manila Symphony Orchestra existing and performing. Pond was incarcerated by the Japanese at Santo Tomas Internment Camp where he was a member of the internee government.Photograph of Santo Tomas Internment Camp supervisors and monitors, including Horace Pond, sixth from left.
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The condition of women is very poor and lack of sanitation and proper food made many of them sick. When Tatsuji Suga met her, he ordered her to write The Life and Thoughts of an Internee. She agreed but titled her work Captivity. She prepared notes separately for another work in minute handwriting on margins of old newspapers, reverse of labels and Chinese tobacco papers.
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The questions were divisive, and prisoners who were considered "disloyal" because of their answers on the loyalty questionnaire were sent to the Tule Lake Segregation Camp. One internee, James Wakasa, was shot and killed for being too close to the camp's fence. Topaz prisoners held a large funeral and stopped working until administrators relaxed security. In 1983, Jane Beckwith founded the Topaz Museum Board.
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The package for interned Japanese Canadians included $21,000 to each surviving internee, and the reinstatement of Canadian citizenship to those who were deported to Japan.Apology and compensation, CBC Archives Following Mulroney's apology, the Japanese Canadian Redress Agreement was established in 1988, along with the Japanese Canadian Redress Foundation (JCRF) (1988-2002), in order to issue redress payments for internment victims, with the intent of funding education.
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Patrick Agnew (born 8 March 1955) is a former Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteer who was elected to Dáil Éireann during the 1981 Irish hunger strike. Agnew was born in Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland in 1955. His grandfather was also an Irish republican and was an internee during the Irish War of Independence. Agnew was imprisoned at Portlaoise, Mountjoy, Crumlin Road and the H-Blocks of Long Kesh.
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An estimated cost of Tk 5.45 billion was approved as budget to establish Shahid Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College. The project included construction of six storied hospital building, five storied college for academic building, nurses training center, students hostel, internee doctors' hostel, doctors' dormitory, staff nurses' dormitory, mosque, auditorium, principal and directors' residential buildings, installation of gymnasium, procurement of equipment, one micro-bus, two ambulances and furniture with the fund.
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Abdul Rahman Shalabi is a citizen of Saudi Arabia held in extrajudicial detention in the United States Guantanamo Bay detention camps, in Cuba. His Guantanamo Internee Security Number is 42. Shalabi arrived on January 11, 2002, the day the camp opened, and he was released on September 21, 2015. He is regularly described as an Osama bin Laden bodyguard and a member of al Qaeda—accusations he consistently disputed.
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However, a policy of slow starvation was carried out instead." National Archives WO 325/52 The basic diet only contained 1.5 ounces (44 grams) of protein and had a calorific value of 1600.Walker 646, 648 J. L. Noakes, a male civilian internee wrote: > "In common with many others I experienced the pain of food deficiency > disease and by May 1944 it was difficult to work and nights were a torture.
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The next day the intern attends a theatrical play called My Grandmother's Spectacles in Kannike Street. The spectacles in the play are able to let anyone who wears them read the future from people's faces. The internee wishes he had such a pair of glasses and soon enough he has them. As he witnesses into the spectators' on the front row's hearts he notices all kinds of bizarre views.
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An intern (also called an internee or a CRRI) is posted in all the clinical departments of the hospital on a rotation basis. This gives them the basic clinical experience in all the disciplines of medicine and enables them to work as a General Physician. The intern is also given a monthly stipend. The amount may vary from one college to another, based on ownership by State or private entity.
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Among metropolitan cities, the national capital of Delhi continued to have the highest incidence of rape per capita. One of the most infamous cases was 2012 Delhi gang-rape case of Jyoti Singh. She was an internee. On 16 December 2012, while travelling with a friend on her way back from the cinema, she was brutally beaten, tortured and gang-raped by six men in a private bus.
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The Sanitation and Health Committee had more than 600 internee men working for it. Their tasks included building more toilets and showers, laundry, dishwashing, and cooking facilities, disposal of garbage, and controlling the flies, mosquitoes, and rats that infested the compound.Hartendorp, p. 26–27 During the first two years of imprisonment conditions for the internees were tolerable with no serious outbreaks of disease, malnutrition, or other symptoms of poor conditions.
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Amongst official Japanese papers found at the camp following its liberation were two "death orders". Both described the proposed method of execution of every POW and internee in the camp. The first order, scheduled for enactment on 17 or 18 August, was not carried out; the second was scheduled to take place on 15 September. The timely liberation of the camp may have prevented the murder of over 2,000 men, women and children.
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Postcards sent home to England by a civilian internee couple, 5 May 1943 Le Gros Clark, as men's camp master, issued regular official bulletins to his compound regarding meetings with Suga and other Japanese officers.Firkins 119 Communication between the various compounds and with the outside world was forbidden. Married male internees were refused permission to see their wives and children on Christmas Day, 1943. Occasional, irregular meetings were allowed between married couples.
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The adjacent countryside has many villages with pesantren and strong allegiances to more stricter forms of Islam. In contrast, villages closer to the Kraton palaces of Surakarta and Yogyakarta tend to more influenced by syncretic views of Javanese beliefs. Jesuits have long had a presence in the town, having a schoolSMA Pangudi Luhur Van Lith, seminary, and a necropolis containing the remains of many of their earlier members.Petrus Josephus Zoetmulder being a more recent internee.
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Cita Potokar (28 November 1915 – 28 November 1993) was a Slovene painter also known for her illustrations of children's books. Many of her best known works draw from her experience as an internee during the Second World War as a result of her activities in the Slovene Liberation Front.Slovene National Museum of Contemporary History site She won the Levstik Award for her illustrations of Branka Jurca's book Lizike za vse (Lollipops for All).
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The internment ended when on April 6, 1944, German soldiers took 16 of those interned out of town and to Auschwitz. The rest of the 28 escaped into the mountains. The youngest internee, age 2, hid with the Cardarelli family until her parents who had escaped a month or two earlier came to retrieve her. The historian Anna Pizzuti published "Vite Di Carta: Storie di Ebrei Stranieri Internati dal Fascismo" in 2010.
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The category later expanded to include nationals of belligerent states naturalized after 1922. Those affected by the War Measures Act and Defense of Canada Regulations (DOCR) were forced to register with the RCMP and report to them on a monthly basis. Most of the Italian Canadian men were interned at Camp Petawawa (Camp 33), as well as camps in Minto, New Brunswick and Kananaskis, Alberta, for several years. A notable internee was Hamilton, Ontario's notorious bootlegger Rocco Perri.
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The National Party leadership eventually went to Sidney Holland in November 1940; there was a view that this was a temporary situation that could be reassessed once Holyoake or Hargest returned to Parliament. Hargest remained a member of parliament during his time on active service and in the , he was the sole candidate in the Awarua electorate whilst an internee in Switzerland; he was thus returned unopposed. In 1935, Hargest was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.
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Crown Hill is the final resting place for individuals from all walks of life, from political and civic leaders to ordinary citizens, infamous criminals, and unknowns. Benjamin Harrison, twenty-third president of the United States, and Vice Presidents Charles W. Fairbanks, Thomas A. Hendricks, and Thomas R. Marshall are buried at Crown Hill. Infamous bank robber and "Public Enemy #1" John Dillinger is another internee. The gravesite of Hoosier poet James Whitcomb Riley overlooks the city from "The Crown".
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There were three attempted escapes from Metropole camp. One concerned a man whose English wife was on the island to visit him. She was staying in a private hotel yards from the camp and so the internee escaped to visit her in her bedroom. However, he “only got as far as his shirt”,“An Italian who Stayed” on the BBC WWII People’s War website as the police arrived within minutes, having been informed by other guests at the hotel.
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Unlike fellow legislator and Honouliuli internee Sanji Abe, Sakakihara returned to politics after the end of World War II; he and five other Japanese Americans were elected to the Hawaii territorial House of Representatives for 1947. He was re-elected in 1948, along with fellow Japanese Americans Takao Yamauchi and Joe Itagaki. He also served as one of the vice-presidents of the 1950 Hawaii State Constitutional Convention. He found a strong political base among small sugar- growers.
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The last internee was moved out on August 24, 1942. On September 4, 1942 the Pomona Assembly Center was changed and turned over to the Army's Ordnance Motor Transport Agency and became known as the Pomona Ordnance Depot and Camp Pomona. The depot stored vast supplied needed for the Desert Training Centers in California and Arizona. Built at the depot also was a prisoner of war camp, the camp held 1,150 POWs, who did volunteer work at the depot.
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Vital medicine, vitamins, surgical instruments, and soap were also received. These were the only Red Cross parcels received by the internees during the war and undoubtedly staved off malnutrition and disease, reducing the death rate in Santo Tomas. For internees (and U.S. military prisoners of war) in the Philippines this was the only aid received during the war. More parcels were not received because the Japanese linked prisoner and internee exchanges with Red Cross aid to internees.
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Lavinia Warner is a British television writer and producer. She created several successful TV series in the 80s and 90s, all of which featured women in the leading roles. These included the World War II female internee drama Tenko (1981-5) for the BBC, secret agent drama Wish Me Luck (1988–90) for LWT and the taxi-firm series Rides (1992-3), again for the BBC. For the latter two series she also acted as producer.
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After the war, Flores was given a position with the Red Cross.Hartendorp, pp. 591-593 The activities of the Miss U spy ring may have also led to the execution in December 1944 of four American civilians resident in the Santo Tomas Internment Camp in Manila. Prominent internee leaders A. F. Duggleby and Carroll Cawkins Grinnell and two apparently innocent men were executed in December 1944 for suspicion of aiding the POWs and anti-Japanese guerrillas.
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Located east of the Moorook Game Reserve, Loveday was known for its Internment Camp during World War II. The camp was established in 1941 and was one of the largest in Australia, covering approximately 180 hectares. Italian anti-fascist activist Francesco Fantin was killed there by a fellow internee. The camp was closed in December 1946. The Cobdogla Irrigation and Steam Museum has a substantial display devoted to the Loveday internment camp, maintained by the National Trust (check their website for open days).
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After the hearing, the panel declared Omar to be a "security internee under the law of war" and an "`enemy combatant' in the war on terrorism." The panel also found that Omar was not a prisoner of war for purposes of the Third Geneva Convention. Since the panel's decision, American MNF-I officials have held Omar at various detention facilities in Iraq. According to Omar, the military has transferred him between Camp Cropper, the Abu Ghraib prison, and Camp Bucca.
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Their numbers, however, were relatively insignificant. Bulgarians and Turks were similarly few in number: in November 1915 authorities identified just 14 Bulgarians residing in Queensland. Yet, such was the prevailing fear that Bulgarians and Turks were arrested and interned, later being transferred from Enoggera to Holsworthy in April 1916. Dr Eugen Hirschfeld After the war many of the internees were deported to their country of origin, including the most prominent internee of all – Eugen Hirschfeld, the honorary German consul to Queensland.
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House of Commons, Vol. 610 Column 394. He was arrested and interned in Bulawayo: according to his account, he was approached by an Nyasaland Special Branch Inspector and asked to sign a prepared statement on the murder plot in exchange for a promise of release and repatriation to Tanganyika.Hansard (1959). House of Commons, Vol. 610 Columns 393-5. The official version was that Karua and another internee approached prison officers offering to make voluntary statements.Baker (1997), State of Emergency: Nyasaland 1959, p. 51.
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The Internment of Chinese-Indians was the forced relocation and incarceration of 3000 Chinese-Indians in an internment camp in Deoli, Rajasthan during Sino- Indian War in 1962. They were detained without trial as per Defence of India Act, 1962. The internees were released in phase by phase manner until the last internee was released in 1967. After the internment, many Chinese-Indians (Indians with Chinese ancestry) were resettled with equal right; and, some were deported or coerced to leave India.
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Fashions in crochet changed with the end of the Victorian era in the 1890s. Crocheted laces in the new Edwardian era, peaking between 1910 and 1920, became even more elaborate in texture and complicated stitching. Filet crochet by an internee at Manzanar War Relocation Center, 1943. Photograph by Ansel Adams The strong Victorian colours disappeared, though, and new publications called for white or pale threads, except for fancy purses, which were often crocheted of brightly colored silk and elaborately beaded.
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Kristian Welhaven (11 October 1883 – 27 July 1975) was a Norwegian police officer. He was chief of police of Oslo for 27 years, from 1927 to 1954. He was a leading force in establishing an organized Norwegian intelligence service before World War II, and in re-establishing it after the war. During the war years Welhaven was arrested by the Germans and imprisoned in both Norway and Germany, before spending the remainder of the war as a civilian internee in Bavaria.
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561–562 The U.S. rushed to liberate the prisoner of war and internee camps in the Philippines due to a common belief that the Japanese would massacre all their prisoners, military and civilian. A small American force pushed rapidly forward and, on February 3, 1945, at 8:40 p.m., internees heard the sound of tanks, grenades, and rifle fire near the front wall of Santo Tomas. Five American tanks from the 44th Tank Battalion broke through the fence of the compound.
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An internee from 1945 to 1947, Heusinger testified during the Nuremberg Trials. In 1950, he became an advisor on military matters to Konrad Adenauer, the first Chancellor of West Germany. He served in the Blank Office Amt Blank, the office headed by Theodor Blank, which became the West German Ministry of Defense in 1955. Speidel sworn into the newly founded Bundeswehr on 12 November 1955 With the establishment of the West Germany Armed Forces Bundeswehr in 1955, Heusinger returned to military service.
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Camp 10 was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday during World War II, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 12 kilometres from Renmark. This camp could hold up to 1000 people and also held the camp headquarters and 39 buildings, including the hospital. The first Italian prisoner arrived at the camp on 12 August 1941. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army.
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In his later years, Perutz was a regular reviewer/essayist for The New York Review of Books on biomedical subjects. Many of these essays are reprinted in his 1998 book I wish I had made you angry earlier.Max Ferdinand Perutz OM FRS – Nature Structural & Molecular Biology In August 1985 The New Yorker also published his account tiled "That Was the War: Enemy Alien" of his experiences as an internee during World War 2. Perutz's flair for writing was a late development.
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Portrait of Agnes Newton Keith Agnes Newton Keith (July 4, 1901 – March 30, 1982) was an American author best known for her three autobiographical accounts of life in North Borneo (now Sabah) before, during, and after the Second World War. The second of these, Three Came Home, tells of her time in Japanese POW and civilian internee camps in North Borneo and Sarawak, and was made into a film of the same name in 1950. She published seven books in all.
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After the first blind man was struck blind in traffic, a car thief brought him home and, subsequently stole his car. Soon after he went blind, the car thief and the first blind man re-encounter one another in the quarantine, where they soon come to blows. They have no time to resolve their conflict, though, since the car thief is the first internee killed by the guards. He is gunned down while trying to ask the guards for medication for his infected leg.
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Weixian liberation monument (Sculpture designer: Liu Zewen 刘泽文)Chinese farmers who lived outside the compound risked their lives to smuggle food over the walls to the prisoners. The Chinese farmers also smuggled news and messages into the camp for the internees to know what was going on outside the camp. At one point, Chinese Nationalist Party guerrillas even helped two internee men, Arthur Hummel, Jr., and Laurance Tipton, escape from the camp. These escapees lived with the guerrillas until the end of the war.
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Camp 14 was one of three main prisoner of war (POW) and internee camps, located at Loveday, in South Australia's Riverland, approximately 30 kilometres from Renmark. This camp was divided into four compounds and held Axis prisoners from various locations around the world, including Papua New Guinea, the Pacific, the Middle East and North Africa. The camp guard was provided by members of 25/33 Garrison Battalion, a militia unit of the Australian Army. The four compounds were numbered and prisoners were divided into their specific nationalities.
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Dafoe co-starred as SS Nazi officer in Paul Schrader's Adam Resurrected (2008), which starred Jeff Goldblum as a concentration camp internee. In his final release of 2008, Dafoe starred in the Greek drama The Dust of Time as an American film director of Greek descent making a film his mother's (played by Irène Jacob) life. The critic Peter Brunette felt the cast's performances, especially Dafoe's, were unconvincing. Dafoe appeared in seven films in 2009, the first of which was in Lars von Trier's experimental film Antichrist.
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"38 USC § 3.1 (y)(2)(ii). A military secretary is not bound by these qualifiers for comparable treatment, but the framework is a useful reference in the absence of explicit DoD guidance on comparable circumstances. There is precedent for the use of VA rules in military POW determinations. In the case of US Navy internees held by the Soviet Union during WWII, the Navy's Office of the Judge Advocate General cited that "the Veteran's Administration has determined that [redacted internee] will qualify for benefits afforded POWs.
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The college and hospital premises were expanded with temporary sheds, some of which were built for outdoor services of the hospital and some for student housing. New buildings for housing, college, and hospital were constructed in phases: a dormitory for girls in 1952, a dormitory for male students in 1954–55, a new complex of academic buildings in 1955, and a dormitory for internee doctors in 1974–75. A new academic and hospital building, adding 500 beds, Dhaka Medical College Hospital-2 (DMCH-2), was inaugurated by Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on 3 October 2013.
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Marvin Opler also co-authored an article on Senryū folk poetry with another internee, F. Obayashi, which was published in the Journal of American Folklore in 1945. In his book Threatening Anthropology anthropologist David H. Price discusses FBI documents from 1945 in which FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover ordered an FBI investigation of Marvin Opler after the discovery of a letter bearing the initial "M" in a Portland trash can. Marvin Opler was questioned by the FBI. One of many anthropologists investigated, the bureau was seeking to discover whether Opler had any Communist Party affiliation.
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When martial law was declared in December 1981, he was an internee at first, but when he refused to sign a "loyalty oath" and assent to voluntarily leave the country, he was jailed and accused of an "attempt to overthrow socialism". He was in jail without a verdict until 1984 because the prosecutor's office deliberately prolonged the trial. Adam Michnik demanded an end to the judicial proceedings against him or have his case dismissed. Meanwhile, he wanted to be granted the status of a political prisoner, and began a hunger strike while in jail.
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After spending more than three years in Stanley Internment Camp as an internee, Gimson was freed in August 1945, upon the Liberation of Hong Kong. He formed a short-lived provisional government and briefly declared himself "acting governor", but this administration was soon replaced when Rear Admiral Cecil Harcourt established the military government following in September. Gimson was the first Governor of Singapore from 1946 to 1952 and reinstalled the civil administration in Singapore. During his governorship, he witnessed the establishment of the legislative council and the executive council in 1947.
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Esimone started his career as Internee Pharmacist and then became a Laboratory Instructor, all in the Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria. He becomes a Professor of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology at 37 years and was the pioneer Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Agulu Campus of Nnamdi Azikiwe University. He also served two terms of 2 years each as Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Academic) of the University. He is a researcher with well over 100 publications and in May 2019 was ranked 18th on the list of 28 Most Published Scholars in Nigeria. Prof.
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In 1965, as an internee at the hospital in Villejuif, he rebelled against the system of institutionalised asylums which, he said, simply created dependency in patients and did nothing to cure them. Olievenstein was far from alone in voicing these concerns, which were also being raised by the charismatic philosopher turned psychologist Michel Foucault. In 1967 Olievenstein visited California and was evidently influenced by the "Summer of Love" ideas then circulating on the American west coast. The next year, when the time came to defend his doctoral thesis, his chosen subject was LSD.
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The second was more successful and involved enlisting the help of the IRA through internee Jim O'Hanlon, who gave Schütz his own address and those of several other volunteers. Schütz made his escape attempt on 15 February 1942 and reached the house of Jim's brother Joe O'Hanlon. From this point on he was sheltered and protected by the IRA, first by O'Hanlon, then by Caitlin Brugha in Rathmines. Brugha wanted Schütz to re- establish contact with the Abwehr and facilitate a resupply of arms, ammunition and money to the IRA.
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The "Rules" also lay out that the "general welfare" of the camp was to be looked after by an elected internee Camp Committee which was the conduit of communication between the internees and the Camp commandant. The Committee had a number of subcommittees set up to facilitate different aspects of camp life. One committee was the Education and Lectures committee which organised an impressive array of courses in languages, accounting, mathematics, engineering and navigation, among other things. Another subcommittee managed the library, and others the theatre, orchestra, kitchen and other services.
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The third photographer was internee Toyo Miyatake, previously a studio photographer in Los Angeles. Miyatake initially took photos with an improvised camera fashioned from parts he smuggled into the camp. His activity was discovered after nine months, but Merritt supported the endeavor and allowed him to have his stored studio equipment shipped to the camp and continue the project (initially a camp guard had to release the shutter for him after Miyatake had positioned the camera). Miyatake and Adams met and befriended each other at the camp, while Lange's and Adams's visits did not overlap.
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When the Japanese occupied the Indies in February 1942, Nio was one of at least 542 ethnic Chinese from Java and Madura who were arrested and detained. He was held in Bukit Duri, then Serang, and then Cimahi, before ultimately being released in 1945 after the Japanese surrender and Indonesian proclamation of independence. A written account of his experiences while an internee was published in 1946, with the title Dalem Tawanan Djepang. Sinologist Myra Sidharta describes it as valuable account of history, as other former prisoners did not write such detailed memoirs.
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"We Shall Suffer There" documents the remainder of the POW and Internee experience. His latest work, "Reduced to a Symbolical Scale", documents the civilian evacuation of the then Colony in 1940 and the men they left behind. A future volume will cover the secret war for Hong Kong (the escapees and invaders, and the irregular forces that many joined). Banham has also contributed to a large number of other books and publications, including the history of the HKVDC: 'Serving Hong Kong', and is a contributor to Hong Kong's new Dictionary of National Biography.
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Yamato Ichihashi (1878–1963) was one of the first academics of Asian ancestry in the United States. Ichihashi wrote a comprehensive account of his experiences as an internee at the Tule Lake War Relocation Center where he was imprisoned in World War II along with other relocated Japanese Americans. Ichihashi was born in Nagoya, of the Aichi prefecture of Japan in 1878. He was the son of Ichihashi Hiromasha, a former samurai, and Maizuno Ai. He came to the United States in 1894 at the age of 16.
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During World War II, Kurihara was interned at the Manzanar War Relocation Center. In December 1942, Kurihara was part of a five-member committee which organized protests over the arrest of Harry Ueno, an internee accused of the beating of Fred Tayama. The protestors became unruly, and two soldiers fired on the crowd without orders; two men died, and ten others were injured. Kurihara spent about a month in jail, and was further transferred to citizen isolation camps at Moab, Utah and Leupp, Arizona before finally arriving at the Tule Lake Segregation Center.
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Police or military interrogators sometimes use undercover agents (called "plants") to assist with the interrogation of an individual or suspect. The plant can pose as a fellow inmate or internee, build a rapport and earn the confidence of the interviewee. The plant may subtly suggest that telling the interrogators what they want to know is the sensible or right thing to do. Even if no outright confessions are obtained, minor details and discrepancies that come out in supposedly innocent conversation can be used to chip away at the interviewee.
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In 1929 he became editor of the satirical magazine Corriere Emiliano, and from 1936 to 1943 he was the chief editor of a similar magazine called Bertoldo. In 1943 he was drafted into the army, which apparently helped him to avoid trouble with the fascist authorities. He ended up as an artillery officer. When Italy signed an armistice with the Allies in 1943, he was arrested as an Italian military internee and imprisoned with other Italian soldiers in camps in German-occupied Poland for almost two years, including at Stalag X-B near Sandbostel.
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After successful completion of the MBBS course, one has to compulsorily work in the hospital attached to the medical college or in any other approved hospital allowed in some medical colleges, for a period of one year. This posting is called the Compulsory Rotatory Residential Internship or the House Surgeon in Kerala/Tamil Nadu. The student gets the degree only after satisfactory completion of the CRRI. An Intern (also called an Internee or a CRRI) is posted in all the clinical departments of the hospital on a rotation basis.
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162 Grinnell, a business executive, would be the leader of the internees for the duration of the war. Grinnell's leadership was controversial. He appeared to many of the internees to be too authoritative in ruling them and too acquiescent to the Japanese, banning community dances, building a recreational shack for the Japanese guards, and setting up an internee court and jail for offenders.Ward, 168 Dave Harvey, the most popular entertainer in the camp, satirized the Grinnell government by saying he was going to write a book titled "Mine Camp" and dedicate it to Grinnell.
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Bruce was soon arrested and the Japanese Army took control of the school property. In November 1942, staff and remaining students were interned at the Temple Hill Japanese Internment Camp. The Chefoo Girls' School circa 1893 left left left In summer 1943, they were moved to Weihsien Internment Camp, where they remained until the camp was liberated by American paratroopers. Their fellow internee, Eric Liddell died there before the end of the war. The Americans landed on August 17, 1945, just outside the gates of the “Weihsien Civilian Assembly Center”.
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He then returned to Indonesia, but his health, poor since the late 1950s, quickly declined. After a stay at Elisabeth Candi Hospital in Semarang in 1963, Soegijapranata was forbidden from undertaking active duties. Justinus Darmojuwono, a former internee of the Japanese army and vicar general of Semarang since 1 August 1962, served as acting bishop. On 30 May 1963 Soegijapranata left Indonesia for Europe to attend the election of Pope Paul VI. Soegijapranata then went to Canisius Hospital in Nijmegen, where he underwent treatment from 29 June until 6 July; this was unsuccessful.
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Despite being in possession of a transit permit, they were then interned for three months on Ellis Island, since 1892 New York's (and the United States') principal immigration station. A fellow internee was Anna Seghers. The country was still formally not participating in the war, but the government had nevertheless recently issued a blanket ban on German or Austrian nationals seeking to travel to Latin America via the USA. Several months later, following a successful lobbying campaign by stateside friends, Eisler and Rothstein were permitted to enter the United States on a short term permit.
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Firsthand accounts include that of former internee, Lewis Thomas Watty, vice president of the POW committee, who said: > The ensuing fight went on for very long minutes without letup, enemy > defenders caught by total surprise were pinned and cut down mercilessly by > liberator's fire. The Hunter experience through the years in irregular > warfare paid off handsomely. It was also true of the paratroopers who were > veterans of the South Pacific before they landed in Luzon. A few days after the rescue, the Japanese in full force, led by the escaped Sadaaki Konishi, returned to Los Baños.
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Despite numerous incidents all the civilian internee compounds were screened during January and early February except for the 5,600 inmates of Compound 62. Here the Communists had firm control and refused to permit the teams to enter. The compound leader stated flatly that all the members of Compound 62 desired to return to North Korea and there was no sense in wasting time in screening. Since the South Korean teams were equally determined to carry out their assignment, the 3rd Battalion, 27th Infantry Regiment moved in during the early hours of 18 February and took up positions in front of the compound.
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In summer 1941, 665 interned Templers from all their settlements, mainly young families with children, were transported to Australia for internment. Many of the remaining Germans were either too old or too sick to leave. The internees could maintain the agricultural production to feed themselves and supply surplus to market in return for supplies not available within the camps. In 1941, 1942 and 1944, by way of internee exchanges, another 400 Evangelical and Templer internees, mostly wives and children of men who had followed the call for recruitment, were repatriated, via Turkey, to Germany for family reunification.
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This was because of his racism, as one internee told US interviewers that he called himself the "strongest white race hater in the army".Cogan, Frances, Captured: The Japanese Internment of American Civilians in the Philippines, 2000, University of Georgia Press On February 23, 1945, units of the U.S. 11th Airborne Division, the 503d Infantry Regiment (United States) and the Filipino guerillas attacked the camp, trying to liberate most of the prisoners. Most of the prisoners were extricated, but Konishi escaped. He returned a few days later with a force of men, but by then the camp was empty.
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W. C. C. Adams (of the North Borneo Constabulary), who had been assistant camp master, then served in the role until liberation.Ooi 1998, 554 Accounts mention a British civilian internee named Don Tuxford whose eight-year-old son was in the compound with him, while Tuxford's wife and daughter Julia were in the women's compound;Ooi 1998, 354 In this account the author L. E. Morris mistakenly states that Tuxford's wife was in the camp. She was a native woman and so was not interned. Julie was interned with Tuxford's mother and his sister (ie with her grandmother and aunt).
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Brutality by the guards was another factor that damaged the health of many of the prisoners. Hilda Bates described the guards' treatment of the male prisoners: "Their favourite methods of punishment are either kicking below the waist with their heavy army boots, face slapping or striking the head with a rifle butt". Failure to bow properly to a guard was a common cause of a beating. Hilda Bates wrote of "One male internee [who] was paralysed for a week following Japanese brutality, simply because he had not made his bow in what the Japs considered a proper manner".
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According to one account, de Valera, on being forced to sleep by one subordinate who promised to sit beside him and wake him if he was needed, suddenly woke up, his eyes "wild", screaming, "Set fire to the railway! Set fire to the railway!" Later in the Ballykinlar internment Camp, one de Valera loyalist approached another internee, a medical doctor, recounted the story, and asked for a medical opinion as to de Valera's condition. He also threatened to sue the doctor, future Fine Gael TD and Minister, Dr. Tom O'Higgins, if he ever repeated the story.
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He was awarded £800 in compensation for being illegally detained for twenty-three days, and the government were forced to amend the Special Powers Act to legalise the detention of others held under the Act. He was charged with membership of the Provisional IRA, and received a three-year sentence when he became the first person to be convicted of the offence. He was imprisoned in Long Kesh, and was released on 4 October 1974. After his release he was immediately interned without trial, and on 5 December 1975 he was the last internee to be released after internment had been abolished.
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German Intelligence internees were held in a number of locations throughout "The Emergency" – Sligo Gaol, Arbour Hill Prison, Mountjoy Gaol, The Bridewell and Custume Barracks, Athlone. Although three of them, Görtz, Tributh and Gärtner (Operation Mainau and Operation Lobster I) were serving members of the Wehrmacht, they were deemed enough of a security threat to be separated from the regular prison population. Schütz however was to make a few efforts to escape from captivity. The first involved digging a tunnel from Mountjoy Gaol with the help of Dutch internee Jan van Loon, but it failed after the tunnel filled with water.
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The vast majority of renunciants came from the Tule Lake internment camp (pictured). Biddle and the Department of Justice began implementing procedures under the Act in October 1944. Each internee seeking to renounce citizenship would have to fill out a standard application form identifying him or herself and signing a statement that "I fully understand that if permitted to renounce my United States nationality I will divest myself of all rights and privileges thereunto pertaining". This application would be followed by an administrative hearing to determine whether or not Biddle should grant approval in his capacity as Attorney General.
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Another internee wrote to the Red Cross in Scotland from the Camp des internés britanniques Laghouat : "Technically we are not prisoners of war but up to the present have not been able to find a difference. Unfortunately 30 to 40 per cent of the articles sent in the batch of parcels were missing." In his book There and Back Again: a navigator's story (2004), former Royal Air Force navigator Douglas Hudson of 101 Squadron reports that over five hundred Allied prisoners were held in the camp. He tells of inhumane living conditions and the construction of an escape tunnel.
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In 1944, Yasui was allowed to leave the internment camp in the summer and was employed in Chicago before moving to Denver, Colorado, in September 1944. There he passed the bar in June 1945, but was only admitted to practice law after an appeal to the Colorado Supreme Court. The following year in November he married former internee True Shibata, and they would have three daughters together, Iris, Holly, and Laurel. Living in Denver, Yasui became involved with community relations, serving on committee set up by the mayor, and later from 1959 to 1983 on the Commission on Community Relations.
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The Japanese soldiers took refuge in the large, three-story Education Building, taking 200 internees hostage, including internee leader Earl Carroll, and interpreter Ernest Stanley. Carroll and Stanley were ordered to accompany several Japanese soldiers to a meeting with American forces to negotiate a safe passage for the Japanese out of Santo Tomas in exchange for a release of their 200 hostages. During the meeting between the Americans, Filipinos and Japanese, a Japanese officer named Abiko reached into a pouch on his back, apparently for a hand grenade, and an American soldier shot and wounded him. Abiko was especially hated by the internees.
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Although largely unknown to the general public, Collins' relentless efforts on behalf of the Japanese American renunciants have been recognized in various posthumous honors and dedications. For example, the poet Hiroshi Kashiwagi dedicated his book Swimming in the American: a Memoir and Selected Writings to Collins, saying that he "rescued me as an American and restored my faith in America". In the dedication for her influential book Years of Infamy: The Untold Story of America's Concentration Camps, former internee Michi Nishiura Weglyn wrote that Collins "... did more to correct a democracy's mistake than any other one person".
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Patrick McCarthy MBE is an Irish Social Democratic and Labour Party politician and member of Belfast City Council. Born and raised in the Markets area of Belfast, McCarthy was interned without trial in 1971 on suspicion of being a member of the Official IRA before being released the following year without any charges ever being pressed and his innocence vindicated.Former SDLP mayor and republican internee Pat McCarthy accepts MBE First elected to the council in 2001 for Laganbank he was chosen as Lord Mayor of Belfast in 2006.CV McCarthy, the city's fourth nationalist mayor, was endorsed by all parties except Sinn Féin.
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As well as these foundation sites there are also a number of natural rock platforms with evidence of fixings or postholes for huts. These are located on both the northern and southern banks of the river. In addition an item that is likely to have been a mooring post is located on the southern bank of the river approaching Lake Titicaca, a large pool in the river where it bends to turn north upstream of the internee constructed dam. On the southern banks of Lake Titicaca is located a pile of bricks that have been disturbed by wombat activity.
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Liversidge sued for false imprisonment and the Crown filed a defence that he was lawfully detained under an 18B order. Liversidge then filed an application that the Crown disclose the grounds upon which the order was made, pleading that the Reasons for Order were insufficient. The application was dismissed by the High Court, as was an appeal to the Court of Appeal, and the case was brought to the House of Lords, joined with an appeal from another internee, Ben Greene. By a majority decision the Law Lords deferred to ministerial discretion on matters of national security in wartime.
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Evelyn M. Witthoff (Born March 30, 1912, in Chicago, Illinois, United States - died February 5, 2002, in Alhambra, California) was a medical doctor, missionary for the Church of the Nazarene, civilian internee, and author. Evelyn was raised in the Church of the Nazarene and felt a strong desire to be a missionary from an early age. She received her Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois and her medical degree from the University of Michigan. She was appointed as a medical missionary to India in 1941 but was taken by the Japanese and interned at the Santo Tomas Internment Camp in the Philippines for three years.
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Hillesum c. 1940 When round-ups of Jews intensified in July 1942 she took on administrative duties for the Jewish Council, voluntarily transferring to a department of "Social Welfare for People in Transit" at Westerbork transit camp. She worked there for a month, but returned in June 1943, by which time she had refused offers to go into hiding in the belief that her duty was to support others scheduled to be transported from Westerbork to the concentration camps in the German-occupied Poland and Germany. On 5 July 1943, her personal status was suddenly revoked and she became a camp internee along with her father, mother and brother Mischa.
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Prisoners Without Trial, p 57. Disappointed, Eisenhower was director of the WRA for only ninety days, resigning June 18, 1942. However, during his tenure with the WRA he raised wages for interned Japanese Americans, worked with the Japanese American Citizens League to establish an internee advisory council, initiated a student leave program for college-age Nisei, and petitioned Congress to create programs for postwar rehabilitation. He also pushed Roosevelt to make a public statement in support of loyal Nisei and attempted to enlist the Federal Reserve Bank to protect the property left behind by displaced Japanese Americans, but was unable to overcome opposition to these proposals.Daniels.
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Mugshot of al-Baghdadi Al-Baghdadi was arrested by US Forces-Iraq on 2 or 4 February 2004 near Fallujah while visiting the home of his old student friend, Nessayif Numan Nessayif, also on the American wanted list at the time and studied together with al-Baghdadi at the Islamic University. He was detained at the Abu Ghraib and Camp Bucca detention centers under his name Ibrahim Awad Ibrahim al-Badry as a "civilian internee." His detainee card gives his profession as "administrative work (secretary)." The US Department of Defense said al-Baghdadi was imprisoned at Compound 6, which was a medium security Sunni compound.
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As an internee at Dachau, Herbert Zipper had vowed that he would one day commemorate the downfall of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime with a performance of Beethoven's 3rd Symphony "Eroica." One of his few possessions to survive the Battle of Manila was his musical score for the symphony, as he had carried it with him at all times during the intense battle. With the arrival of American forces on Luzon Island, Zipper set out to reconstitute his disbanded orchestra, though some members had not survived, including concertmaster Ernesto Vallejo. Like a phoenix from the ashes, the orchestra coalesced in the ruins of Santa Cruz Cathedral for the performance.
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He was transported to Australia in a perilous and fraught sea voyage on HMT Dunera. Though he received an official release immediately upon arrival at an internment camp in Hay, New South Wales (through the intervention of the Warburg Institute), he was stranded there for nine months. He did succeed in putting the time on the voyage and in the camp to valuable use, though, acquiring a working knowledge of Russian from a fellow internee. In 1941 Kitzinger managed, with some difficulty, to travel to Washington, D.C., where he became a Junior Fellow at Dumbarton Oaks, which had in 1940 been donated as a research library to Harvard University.
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Some one hundred Nisei women volunteered for the WAC (Women's Army Corps), where, after undergoing rigorous basic training, they had assignments as typists, clerks, and drivers. A smaller number of women also volunteered to serve as nurses for the ANC (Army Nurse Corps). Satoshi Ito, an internment camp internee, reinforces the idea of the immigrants' children striving to demonstrate their patriotism to the United States. He notes that his mother would tell him, "'you're here in the United States, you need to do well in school, you need to prepare yourself to get a good job when you get out into the larger society'".
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He was captured in January 1942 by Japanese forces, and spent the next three years and two months as a civilian internee in the Santo Tomas and Los Baños prison camps. As a prisoner, he battled starvation, receiving only a small meal of mush served in a tin cup—a utensil he kept for the rest of his life. With a weight below , Buckles developed beriberi, and led fellow captives in calisthenics to counter the effects of imprisonment. Their captors showed little mercy, but Buckles was allowed to grow a small garden, which he often used to help feed children who were imprisoned there.
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There he fell deeply in love for the first time, with a Jewish internee, who probably later perished. Sometime after 17 December 1943 Fritz Pröll and his brother were brought back to Buchenwald concentration camp. While the resistance managed to keep his brother back in Buchenwald, Fritz was shifted on 1 November 1944 to the notorious Mittelbau-Dora concentration camp near Nordhausen in the Harz. In underground shelters where the water reached the walls, the daylight never came in, and the crashing and dust from constant explosions made life hell, worked tens of thousands from all over Europe in drudgery to produce Hitler's "wonder weapons", the V1 and V2.
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Franklin Kopitzsch, Dirk Brietzke: Hamburgische Biografie - Personenlexikon, Christians Hamburg 2003, 294 In October 1939, Muck "on his 80th birthday in Berlin received from Adolf Hitler the Plaque of the German Eagle" with the inscription DEM GROSSEN DIRIGENTEN (TO THE GREAT CONDUCTOR).TIME: "People, Oct. 30, 1939", accessed January 28, 2010 (), Wolfgang Steguweit, "Der 'Adlerschild des Deutschen Reiches'", accessed December 12, 2011 A widower since 1921, whose only child, a son, had died young, Muck spent his last years at the Stuttgart home of Baroness von Scholley, the daughter of one of his oldest friends and fellow internee, who had been German Consul General in New York.
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During World War II, to escape the Holocaust some sources state that there were about 1,500 German-Jewish civilian internees, whose spiritual and material welfare was supervised by the British Chief Rabbi's "Religious Emergency Council". Other sources state that it is estimated that about 2,000 to 3,000 people, mostly Jews, were interned on the Isle of Man during World War II as 'enemy aliens'. With frequent visits by Rabbi Dr. Solomon Schonfeld, who inspected internee camps on behalf of the Council. A writer for The Jewish Chronicle wrote in November 1940: :'Today the island has what must be the fullest Jewish life in the world.
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Internment camp, June 1944, upper part of British Columbia (Canada) A road crew of interned men building the Yellowhead Highway Many Canadians were unaware of the living conditions in the internment camps. The Japanese Canadians who resided within the camp at Hastings Park were placed in stables and barnyards, where they lived without privacy in an unsanitary environment. Kimiko, a former internee, attested to the "intense cold during the winter" and her only source of heat was from a "pot-bellied stove" within the stable. General conditions were poor enough that the Red Cross transferred fundamental food shipments from civilians affected by the war to the internees.
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The Government Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital is a graduate, non-profit medical college, and associated hospital, located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was established on 10 March 1989. There are two courses BUMS (Bachelor of Unani Medicine & Surgery) and BAMS (Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine & Surgery) 5 years with 1-year internship are affiliated by pharmacy faculty of Dhaka University. The college has its own anatomy museum, physiology & pathology practical lab, Unani Adviyah museum with air- conditioned, Ayurvedic Drobyaguna museum with air-conditioned, garden of three herbal medicinal plants, air-conditioned library & projector room, computer lab with internet connection, college student council, internee doctors' association (IDA), college central mosque, general hospital including 150 beds, drug production house.
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Gladys Becker Slaughter, Madame Savary (2 Jun 1893-14 Sep 1985), was an American woman of Manila who labored long and hard to help the starving, neglected, abused, and threatened "internees" at Santo Tomas Internment Camp, supplying them with food everyday and performing various other services, such as laundry, communication and monetary assistance, to help ease their hardship. At the same time, she also worked hard to help her servants and friends outside of Santo Tomas including Mary M. Leadbetter Berry (1885-1953), wife of STIC internee Fred N. Berry. Gladys Savary had petitioned the Japanese to allow Mary to stay outside STIC. survive the Japanese occupation of the Philippines and the 1945 Battle of Manila.
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Overseas newspaper correspondents visit the set of Henry V at Denham Studios in 1943 In 1943, at the behest of the Ministry of Information, Olivier began working on Henry V. Originally he had no intention of taking the directorial duties, but ended up directing and producing, in addition to taking the title role. He was assisted by an Italian internee, Filippo Del Giudice, who had been released to produce propaganda for the Allied cause. The decision was made to film the battle scenes in neutral Ireland, where it was easier to find the 650 extras. John Betjeman, the press attaché at the British embassy in Dublin, played a key liaison role with the Irish government in making suitable arrangements.
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Private J. M. Curry, who was cook at the Australian Officers' camp, wearing the loincloth issued to him by the Japanese, his sole clothing issue in two years. Clothing wore out quickly: the tropical climate meant that clothes had to be washed every day, and the rigours of labouring in them meant that they soon became torn, worn and threadbare. An enterprising male internee, J. R. Baxter, entered the camp with two pairs of shorts; as they wore out he constructed a new pair from them by glueing together the constituent parts with latex from the rubber trees growing in the camp.Evans 1999, 90 The Japanese did not provide replacement clothing for the prisoners when their clothes wore out.
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Wauwilermoos barracks in late 1944 Interior of the barracks: beds of straw to the right and latrines to the left Wauwilermoos camp in winter 1944–45 Under the title "Das ist ein Skandal, Mit Hunden gehetzt" ("This is a scandal, rushed with dogs") the Swiss newspaper Berner Tagwacht reported on 7January 1944 the fate of the Soviet Russian internee Dobrolyubov in late November 1943. After a failed escape from Wauwilermoos, Dobrolyubov was condemned to the punishment cell. Because he was sick, Dobrolyubov asked to be sent to the camp's sickroom, but this was denied by Béguin. When Dobrolyubov argued, a dog was sent in, pulling him to the ground and tearing his clothes.
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William Minoru Hohri (March 13, 1927 - November 12, 2010) was an American political activist and the lead plaintiff in the National Council for Japanese American Redress lawsuit seeking monetary reparations for the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. He was sent to the Manzanar concentration campThe Manzanar state historical plaque describes the camp as both a concentration camp and internment center. "The Manzanar Controversy", PBS, no date, accessed December 3, 2010. with his family after the attack on Pearl Harbor triggered the United States' entry into the war. After leading the NCJAR's class action suit against the federal government, which was dismissed, Hohri's advocacy helped convince Congress to pass legislation that provided compensation to each surviving internee.
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As head of the National Council for Japanese American Redress, Hohri was the lead plaintiff in a lawsuit that sought $27 billion in damages for the class of individuals held in the internment camps, but the case was ultimately unsuccessful. In the wake of Hohri's efforts, the United States Congress passed the Civil Liberties Act of 1988, under which an apology was offered and each surviving internee received $20,000 in compensation; Hohri used his check to buy a Japanese-made car. The American Book Awards recognized him in 1989 for his book Repairing America: An Account of the Movement for Japanese American Redress.Staff. "18 Authors Are Recipients Of American Book Awards", The New York Times, July 2, 1989.
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The 1915 Singapore Mutiny, also known as the 1915 Sepoy Mutiny or the Mutiny of the 5th Light Infantry, was a mutiny involving up to half of a regiment of 850 sepoys (Indian soldiers) against the British in Singapore during the First World War, linked with the 1915 Ghadar Conspiracy. The mutiny, on 15 February 1915, lasted nearly seven days. It resulted in the deaths of eight British officers and soldiers, two Malay officers and one soldier, 14 British civilians, five Chinese and Malay civilians and one German internee before it was finally quelled by British forces and Allied naval detachments. The reasons for the outbreak are complex and remain open to debate.
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The mutineers divided themselves into three groups. A party of 100 went to obtain ammunition from Tanglin Barracks, where 309 Germans, including crew members from the German light cruiser SMS Emden, had been interned by the British. The mutineers fired on the camp guards and officers without warning, killing ten British guards, three Johore troops present in the camp and one German internee. Amongst the dead were Second Lieutenant John Love Montgomerie, Rifles; Sergeant G. Wald, (Reserve) Engineers; Corporal D. McGilvray, Rifles; Corporal G.O. Lawson, Cyclist Scouts; Lance Corporal J.G.E. Harper, Rifles; Private B.C. Cameron, Rifles; Private F.S. Drysdale, Rifles; Private A.J.G. Holt, Rifles and Stoker 1st Class C. F. Anscombe, HMS Cadmus.
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Nazi Germany had used forced labour of people in the occupied territories since the beginning of World War II. In 1940 it initiated a massive project of enslaving the populations of Eastern European countries to use as forced labour in German factories and agricultural facilities. The Soviet government proposed the use of German labor as reparations in 1943, and raised the issue at the Yalta Conference in February 1945. The USSR began deporting ethnic Germans from the Balkans in late 1944, most of the surviving internees had returned by 1950. The NKVD took the lead role in the deportations via its department, the Chief Directorate for Prisoners of War and Internee Affairs (GUPVI).
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Miki was born in British Columbia, and was among the 22,000 Japanese Canadians from that province who were displaced and interned during World War II. He and his family were forced to leave their six-hectare fruit farm near Vancouver, and were relocated to a one-room house in Ste. Agathe, Manitoba that they were forced to share with other families. He was educated in a French school, despite the fact that he did not speak the language."Former wartime internee works to prevent further injustices", Globe and Mail, 27 September 1984, P11. Miki received a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of Manitoba in 1969, and a Master of Education degree in 1975.
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When the Swedes discovered that the prince had been in secret correspondence discussing escape plans with the fellow internee Prince Iakov Dolgorukov, Alexander was banished to a castle at Linköping. As his health deteriorated, the prince was transferred from the castle to a house in the town and, in April 1706, returned to Stockholm. In 1708, the prince and other Russian detainees were discovered to possess drawings of Swedish fortifications, and on Charles XII's order, their rights, including that of correspondence, were again restricted. Alexander, however, continued to enjoy certain favor with the dowager queen and Princess Ulrika Eleneora and was allowed, to the displeasure of the Defense Commission, to visit the court.
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Voikovo prison camp, or Camp No. 48, was a prisoner-of-war and internee camp maintained by the Main Administration for Affairs of Prisoners of War and Internees of the NKVD in the Soviet Union. The camp was designated by the Soviet authorities for the high-ranking officers of the German Wehrmacht and the Waffen-SS and was unofficially known as the "Generals camp". The camp was situated near the city of Ivanovo, Russian SFSR and was in operation from 1943 to 1955 when the last prisoners were repatriated to East Germany. The camp was located in an old inn and health spa and, although at times overcrowded, was dubbed "the Castle" for its relative luxury.
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Internee being restrained in a bathtub West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum Various 19th-century critiques of the newly emerging field of psychiatry overlap thematically with 20th-century anti-psychiatry, for example in their questioning of the medicalisation of "madness". Those critiques occurred at a time when physicians had not yet achieved hegemony through psychiatry, however, so there was no single, unified force to oppose. Nevertheless, there was increasing concern at the ease with which people could be confined, with frequent reports of abuse and illegal confinement. For example, Daniel Defoe, the author of Robinson Crusoe, had previously argued for more government oversight of "madhouses" and for due process prior to involuntary internment.
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The document focused on revolutionary training, the national struggle, the history and economics. This was a radical program which put the common good ahead of private property rights, called for large unproductive landholding to be redistributed, planned for surplus farm produce to be sold at a price guaranteed by the State and promoted State banks and co-ops among other radical social and economic proposals. One internee, Derry Kelleher, noted that this period in the Curragh was where "I first heard the word 'revolution' in the powerful northern accent of Seán MacCumhaill". Despite the inconvenience of his imprisonment, McCool still had an election to fight as the Republican candidate in his native Donegal.
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Murphy received a further 83 years, and Maguire 79 years, for bodily harm, falsely imprisoning the soldiers, and possessing a gun and ammunition. Sir Brian Hutton, sentencing, said Both men had been listed as senior members of the IRA's Belfast Brigade. In 1973, at the age of 15, Murphy had been the youngest republican internee in Long Kesh prison, which later became known as the Maze. Maguire became a member of the IRA's "camp staff" in the Maze, one of the senior IRA men effectively in control of the republican wings, and met Northern Ireland Secretary Mo Mowlam when she visited the jail to negotiate with prisoners. Corporals' killers are released from Maze By Toby Harnden and Robert Shrimsley Electronic Telegraph, 27 November 1998.
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" Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga described trying to take care of her newborn daughter, saying that the child was so sick that, while "[m]ost infants double their weight, birth weight, at six months", her daughter "had not doubled her weight in a year". The food in Manzanar was heavily starchy and low quality, including Vienna sausages, canned string beans, hot dogs, and apple sauce. Outside of the sausages and hot dogs, meat was rare, usually consisting of chicken or mutton that was heavily breaded and fried. Frank Kikuchi, an internee at Manzanar, stated that some of the newspapers lied to the American public by telling them that the "Japs [in the camps] are getting steaks, chops, eggs, or eating high off the hog.
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After the August 1945 surrender of Japan in the Pacific War, Allied commander in Southeast Asia Louis Mountbatten following negotiations with a Japanese delegation tasked existing Japanese forces in Southeast Asia to maintain law and order until Allied forces could arrive. By September 1945, many Japanese units in Java had disarmed, surrendering weapons and ammunition to Indonesian nationalists. The city of Semarang in Central Java was also by then largely controlled by Indonesian authorities in form of the Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR), with the local Kenpeitai having been largely disarmed. RAF Wing Commander T.S. Tull arrived in Central Java on 18 September as part of a Recovery Allied Prisoners of War and Internee (RAPWI) delegation and concluded that Japanese cooperation was vital to repatriating Allied prisoners.
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At the age of 13 in about 1799, Light volunteered for the Royal Navy, in which he served for two years, leaving as a midshipman. After a spell as a civilian internee in France in 1803–4, he attended his sister Mary's wedding to indigo plantation owner George Boyd in Calcutta in March 1805, remaining in India until November 1806, before returning to Europe. He bought a cornetcy in the 4th Dragoons regiment of the British Army on 5 May 1808, being promoted to lieutenant in April 1809 en route to Spain to serve in the Peninsular War. After courageous service against Napoleon's forces from 1809 to 1814, he served under the Duke of Wellington working on mapping, reconnaissance and liaison.
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Born and raised in Oxnard, California, Takasugi was the valedictorian of his Oxnard High School class and worked in the family grocery store, the Asahi Market, before he enrolled at UCLA. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066, he was pulled out of the university at the age of 19 and removed with other Japanese Americans to the Tulare Assembly Center, where he shared a converted horse stall with his family. While in Tulare, Takasugi worked as a teacher's aide at the camp high school, teaching business and Spanish. He was later transferred to the War Relocation Authority camp at Gila River, Arizona."Nao Takasugi, 87; Former Internee was a Popular Oxnard Mayor, Assemblyman," (November 24, 2009) Rafu Shimpo.
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American Pastime is a 2007 fictional film set in the Topaz War Relocation Center, a Utah prison camp which held thousands of people during the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II. While the film is a dramatic narrative, it is based on true events and depicts life inside the internment camps, where baseball was one of the major diversions from the reality of the internees' lives. Producer Kerry Yo Nakagawa has said that a particular inspiration was Kenichi Zenimura and his family’s experience at the Gila River War Relocation Center, where Zenimura led the construction of a baseball field and of a league of internee baseball teams that played there. Location scenes were filmed in bleak, desolate land, not far from the site of the actual internment camp.
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The book also contains manga from Barefoot Gen by Keiji Nakazawa (translated by Frederik Schodt et al.), poetry by Tamura Ryuichi, Ayukawa Nobuo, Ko Un, Sagawa Aki, Ishigaki Choko, and war-related fiction by Mary Yukari Waters and Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston. In 2003, she and Hisako Ifshin translated the prison-camp haiku of World War II internee Itaru Ina, which appeared in Modern Haiku and later in the Emmy Award-winning documentary film From A Silk Cocoon, directed by Satsuki Ina. Lowitz, Ifshin and with Ralph McCarthy also translated the poetry of pop sculptor cum cultural icon Yayoi Kusama (Violet Obsession) in conjunction with Kusama's solo exhibition touring the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the New York Museum of Modern Art and the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis in 1998/99.
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Robert Emerson (third from right), biochemist and botanist from the California Institute of Technology and director of the quayule rubber experiment, inspects young plants at Manzanar with his staff of internee scientists (June 29, 1942). In the 1920s, the plant saw a brief and intense amount of agricultural research when the Intercontinental Rubber Company in California produced 1400 tons of rubber after leaf blight decimated the Brazilian rubber industry. Guayule would again become a replacement for Hevea tree-produced latex during World War II when Japan cut off America's Malaysian latex resources. The war ended before large-scale farming of the guayule plant began, and the project was scrapped, as it was cheaper to import tree-derived latex than to crush the shrubs for a smaller amount of latex.
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The grandson of Croatian immigrants, Sabich was the second child of Vladimir (1915–2001) and Frances Sabich (1911–2003). His lifelong nickname "Spider" was given by his father, as a result of thin arms and legs at a premature birth. Spider's father was an officer of the California Highway Patrol and had volunteered in World War II as a B-25 pilot in the Air Force; he was held as an internee in Siberia by the Soviets for a year after his plane was shot-up over northern Japan and forced down near Vladivostok. After the war, Vlad was a test pilot and then returned to his job with the CHP in Sacramento, and in 1950 he was transferred to Kyburz on Highway 50, southwest of Lake Tahoe.
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This would allow him to take photos to commemorate weddings and other official purposes, and to photograph Japanese volunteers who wanted photos for their families before they left for military service. Marritt agreed to this, but since at the time inmates were not allowed cameras, the proviso was made that Miyatake could set up the camera and frame the photograph, but the actual shutter release must be done by a white person. This condition was eventually lifted, and eight months after arriving at the camp, Matsumo was issued an ID card as the official concentration camp photographer, allowing him to take pictures at will, and sent for his photographic equipment from his (closed) studio in Los Angeles. He set up a studio at the camp as part of the internee-run Manzanar Consumer Cooperative.
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He became Minister for International Trade in 1988, shortly after the free trade agreement was negotiated. Crosbie actively promoted the agreement in that year's federal election, which was primarily fought on the issue. Crosbie was also a supporter of redress for Japanese Canadians interned during World War Two - in September 1988 the Mulroney government made its historic apology in the House of Commons and compensated each surviving internee with $18,000. In 1990, Crosbie proposed the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). At a fundraising dinner in Victoria, British Columbia in 1990, Crosbie took another dig at Sheila Copps by saying that she made him think of the song lyrics, "Pass the Tequila, Sheila, and lay down and love me again," a comment he subsequently acknowledged was ill- considered.
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On May 23, 1942, the War Department announced that one of the camps for displaced Japanese Americans would be located in Wyoming, and several communities, hoping to capitalize on internee labor for irrigation and land development projects, vied for the site. Heart Mountain was chosen because it was remote yet convenient, isolated from the nearest towns but close to fresh water and adjacent to a railroad spur and depot where Japanese Americans, as well as food and supplies, could be off-loaded. On June 1, 1942, the Bureau of Reclamation transferred of the Heart Mountain Irrigation Project and several CCC buildings to the War Relocation Authority, the branch of the Western Defense Command responsible for administration of the incarceration program.Heart Mountain Wyoming Foundation, "Life in Camp " Retrieved May 14, 2014.
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By nearly the end of 1942, heating systems were still not in place and clothing allowances still hadn't been delivered. The frustration that was being felt by the internees was mounting, and is easily seen in this section of an anonymous poem by an internee: That Damned Fence (anonymous) ...We're trapped like rats in a wired cage, To fret and fume with impotent rage; Yonder whispers the lure of the night, But that DAMNED FENCE assails our sight... All of these factors contributed to the rising tensions of the people in Poston. Japanese-Americans in Poston were becoming increasingly frustrated with their new life in the internment camp. The tensions came to a head in November 1942 sparked by the beating of a suspected informer on Saturday evening November 14.
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Topaz is a 1945 documentary film, shot illegally (though with the assistance of members of the camp staff), which documented life at the Topaz War Relocation Center in Utah during World War II. Filmed by internee Dave Tatsuno (1913–2006), it was deemed "culturally significant" by the United States Library of Congress in 1996, and was the second amateur film ever selected for the National Film Registry (after the "Zapruder" film of the JFK assassination). Tatsuno always credited his store supervisor, Walter Honderick, for helping him get the movie camera into the camp. Film was smuggled out of the camp on trips that Tatsuno made to buy merchandise for the store. While images appear to show the internees happy and enjoying their lives, Tatsuno said that they were "hamming it up" for the camera, hiding their sorrow.
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Monument at Manzanar cemetery, 2002 The site features a visitor center with a gift shop, housed in the historically restored Manzanar High School Auditorium with a reconstructed stage proscenium. The auditorium and the two sentry posts at the entrance are the only original structures from the time the camp was operating during World War II. Permanent exhibits tell the stories of the internee transportation to Manzanar, the Owens Valley Paiute, the ranchers, the town of Manzanar, the role that water played in shaping the history of the Owens Valley, and one that plays a video of Ronald Reagan signing the Civil Liberties Act. An "interpretive center" helps visitors gain an understanding of some of the internees' experiences. The exhibits in the center are constructed with materials that would have been used—or are similar to those used—when the camp was in operation.
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The War Claims Act of 1948, or Public Law 80-896 (62 Stat. 1240; 50 U.S.C.) is a United States federal law passed by the 80th United States Congress on July 3, 1948. It created the War Claims Commission to adjudicate claims and pay out compensation to American prisoners of war and civilian internees of World War II. It authorized ten prisoner of war and civilian internee compensation programs, and four war damage and loss compensation programs. Payments and administrative expenses for all but three of the programs were paid by the liquidation of Japanese and German assets seized by the U.S. after World War II. Payments to prisoners of war were at the rate of US$1 to $2.50 per day of imprisonment, payments to civilian internees of Japan amounted to $60 for each month of internment.
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Czech author Arnošt Lustig wrote a novel Lovely Green Eyes (), which tells a story of a 15-year-old Jewish girl deported to a camp and forced to serve in a brothel during World War II. In Australian television drama A Place to Call Home, current events bring painful memories of war for the Australian-born Jewish convert Sarah Adams. The audience learns that not only was she an internee at the Ravensbrück concentration camp, but she was forced into a camp brothel; willing herself to survive the ordeal solely because of her love for her French husband, Rene. After liberation, on being told erroneously that he had died, she had a mental breakdown. The dramatic revelation that he was not dead followed.Dorothy Rabinowitz (December 12, 2014), Review of ‘A Place to Call Home’: High Drama From Down Under.
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The constraints of the daily lives and treatment of the internees was later based on the Australian "Rules for the Custody of and Maintenance of Discipline among Prisoners of War in NSW". It outlined the compulsory requirements such as twice daily roll call, rising and sleep and meal times. It also stated that an elected Internee Camp Committee would look after the "general welfare" of the internees and that Committee was to report to the Camp commandant. Under this main committee sat various other sub committees whose job it was to deal with various aspects of life in the camp such as recreation, theatre and music, kitchen services, education and other aspects. Arriving by train to Moss Vale and then on foot along the long and rough road, the first group of 89 German internees arrived at Berrima in March 1915.
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She dresses in a startling and very > flamboyant fashion, in very bright colours, while her hair is worn in two > plaits, one over each shoulder, thus adding to a slightly Indian aura! Mary Baldwin, a 70-year-old fellow-internee, did not get on well with Agnes, suspecting that she was "too ready to be polite and co-operative with the Japanese guards and their officers in return for favours — notably food and medicine for her infant son." Book cover of Three Came Home After their liberation and a short period on Labuan Island for rest and recuperation, the Keiths returned to Victoria, British Columbia, where Harry had had a small country house since his bachelor days. In February 1946 he was asked to return to Borneo by the new Colonial Administration, which had taken over from the Chartered Company.
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"May De Sousa A Bankrupt", The New York Times, 28 September 1913 De Sousa retired in 1918, following a theatrical production in Australia, married a local doctor, and eventually moved to Shanghai. In 1943, following a seven-month imprisonment as a civilian internee under the Japanese in Chapei Civil Assembly Center, in Shanghai, China, she returned to the United States on the GripsholmLeck, Greg Captives of Empire: The Japanese Internment of Allied Civilians in China, 1941-1945, pg 533' and took a job in Chicago as a scrubwoman in the public- school system. Her years of internment had taken their toll on her health however, and soon she was forced to quit working because she was too weak to continue. Without means to support herself, her condition worsened through malnutrition and she died, penniless and alone, a charity case in the county hospital on 8 August 1948.
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After serving as an Army officer, MacArthur began his Foreign Service career in 1935 with a post in Vancouver. He was assigned to Vichy France during the early years of World War II, served as secretary of the U.S. Embassy there from 1940 to 1942, and was interned in Baden, Baden Germany with other American diplomatic staff and civilians for two years after the US broke relations with the Vichy government. Following an internee exchange in March 1944, he served as part of General Dwight Eisenhower's political staff, and then led the political section of the U.S. Embassy in Paris until 1948. He went on to become chief of the State Department's Division of Western European Affairs in 1949, where he assisted in the formation of NATO, and served as Counselor of the State Department from 1953 to 1956, where he led the U.S. negotiations for the SEATO treaty.
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The camp comprised four former hotels and boarding houses: the Alexander (later renamed the Continental) and Metropole Hotels, the Waverley and Dodsworth’s. The Metropole Hotel had on its ground floor a canteen, a general store, a billiard room, a hall, a library, and a dining room, (which also acted as a recreation room outside of mealtimes). In the basement was a bakery, the parcel post office and the kitchen. On the ground floor of the Alexander Hotel was the camp office, the assembly room, and a large dining room. In the basement were kitchens (where internees were permitted to do private cooking), a music room with a piano, correction room (for use by the internees’ “House Council” when they did not wish to report lighter misdeeds to the military authorities), and a room used as the church (where Mass was offered and confessions heard by internee priests).
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Oil workers saw themselves as better than the revolutionary bandits, and saw Peláez as a defender of their interests.The Life and Times of Pancho Villa, Friedrich Katz, 1998 pg 452 On September 9, 1919, Peláez, Félix Díaz and Gildardo Magaña, Zapata’s successor, issued a joint communiqué to U.S. President Wilson urging his recognition of their belligerencies, in the hope that the United States would somehow internee on their behalf and oppose Carranza, but nothing came of this. By 1919, Carranza was proving to be ineffective and unpopular. The population favored the accession of Álvaro Obregón for the 1920 election, but Carranza did everything in his power to prevent Obregón’s election. In the spring of 1920, Obregón’s Sonoran supporters initiated the Agua Prieta Revolt and removed Carranza from power. Peláez agreed to support Obregón’s revolt, and when Carranza was attempting to flee to Veracruz, one of Peláez’s subordinates caught up to him and killed him.
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Under U.S. military regulations, a Tribunal would be composed of: :Three commissioned officers; a written record of proceedings; proceedings shall be open with certain exceptions; persons whose status is to be determined shall be advised of their rights at the beginning of their hearings, allowed to attend all open sessions, allowed to call witnesses if reasonably available, and to question those witnesses called by the Tribunal, and to have a right to testify; and a tribunal shall determine status by a preponderance of evidence. Enemy Prisoners of War, Retained Personnel, Civilian Internees and Other Detainees, U.S. Army Regulation 190-8, October 1997 Possible determinations are: #Enemy Prisoner of War. #Recommended Retained Personnel (RP), entitled to EPW protections, who should be considered for certification as a medical, religious, or volunteer aid society RP. #Innocent civilian who should be immediately returned to his home or released. #Civilian Internee who for reasons of operational security, or probable cause incident to criminal investigation, should be detained.
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Their quarters were described by an internee as "new and fair" and "they had a reason[able] area for cultivation." The camp mistress was initially Mother Bernardine, an English Roman Catholic nun, but when she became ill Mrs. Dorie Adams, wife of the master of the men’s camp, took over the role.Keith 79–80 The women were housed in five very small barracks and each person was allotted a space of 6 feet by 4 feet (1.8m by 1.2m) in which to live and store their possessions.Ooi 1998, 321 A chapel was constructed at one end of one of the huts.Ooi 1998, 327 :In March 1944, the women’s compound comprised 280 people: 160 nuns, 85 secular women and 34 children.Keith 76, 146 By September 1944 the population had declined to 271;Ooi 1998, 327, 331 at liberation there were 237 women and children in the compound.Long 563 Of the nuns, the large majority were Dutch Roman Catholic sisters, with a few English sisters.
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This bill created an independent commission to review U.S. government policies directed against German and Italian aliens during World War II in the U.S. and Latin America.Mary Barron Stofik, Ellis Island during World War II: The Detainment and Internment of German and Italian Aliens (2007), 95 In 2007, the U.S. Senate passed the Wartime Treatment Study Act, which would examine the treatment of ethnic groups targeted by the U.S. government during World War II. Alabama Senator Jeff Sessions opposed it, citing historians from the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum who called it an exaggerated response to treatment of enemy aliens.USA Today: "Senate votes to study treatment of Germans during World War II," June 9, 2007, accessed June 7, 2011 In 2009, the House Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration, Citizenship, Refugees, Border Security, and International Law passed the Wartime Treatment Study Act by a vote of 9 to 1,"WARTIME TREATMENT STUDY ACT" , German American Internee Coalition.
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Reverse of the Political deportee's and internee's medal Actor and producer Pierre Méré, a recipient of the Political deportation and internment medal The Political deportation and internment medal () is a commemorative medal awarded by the Ministry for veterans and war victims of the French Republic to its citizens who were deported or interned by the German occupation forces during World War 2. It was created by a law of 9 September 1948 defining the status of political deportees and internees declaring in its opening article “The Republic, grateful to those who contributed to the salvation of the country, bowed before them and before their families, determined the status of political deportees and internees, proclaim their rights and those of their successors”. Possession of the Political deportee or Political internee card, issued by the National Office for Veterans Affairs, established the right to wear the medal, the insignia being common to either status, but hanging from different ribbons sometimes also bearing distinctive clasps.
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Spokane Chronicle, 16 September 1986 With tit-for-tat killings become the norm the Crumlin Road saw evidence of this strategy by republican and loyalist groups in 1987. On 3 July a Catholic civilian, who had formerly been an internee, was found dead at a disused quarry off the Upper Crumlin Road after being murdered by the "Ulster Freedom Fighters". Four days later a member of this group was killed by the PIRA in a Ligoniel Road snooker hall.CAIN 1987Sutton 1987 Jackie Coulter, who was killed on the Crumlin Road The road became associated with UVF activity and in February 1988 a UVF arms haul, containing an RPG7 rocket launcher with 26 warheads, 38 assault rifles, 15 Brownings, 100 grenades and 40,000 rounds of ammunition was found following searches in the Upper Crumlin Road.Irish Times 6 February 1988 "Arms find linked to three-way Loyalist purchase" The UVF killed a further Catholic civilian on the road on 2 September 1989 but had one of their own gunmen shot and killed by the British Army immediately after the attack.CAIN 1989Sutton 1989 On 20 December 1992 the UVF killed a Catholic at his Upper Crumlin Road homeCAIN 1992Sutton 1992 whilst on 12 May 1994 the UFF killed another Catholic, this time at the home of a relative.
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