Even so, bankers believe the proposal represents Europe's best shot at harmonisation.
|
|
The EU is in a permanent balancing exercise between harmonisation & national diversity.
|
|
And is this the same tax harmonisation that has been promised for years?
|
|
Such a harmonisation would affect the large Dutch banks, although to a varying degree.
|
|
Global regulatory harmonisation has given way to local approaches, such as Europe's data-privacy laws.
|
|
There will be close co-operation with Emmanuel Macron on defence integration and tax harmonisation.
|
|
Reducing trade barriers on services requires regulatory harmonisation, which the 303 WTO members find very hard.
|
|
However, given the links with national company laws, we do not expect harmonisation in the short term.
|
|
The UK's preferred holdco/opco structure for resolution should still work with the EU's credit hierarchy harmonisation.
|
|
That is because slashing trade barriers on services requires regulatory harmonisation, which is tough to agree between 164 members.
|
|
And after Brexit, Ireland's only big ally in the battle against tax harmonisation, Britain, will disappear from the table.
|
|
In the late 1990s he pointed out that deeper economic integration required harmonisation of laws and regulations across countries.
|
|
These bodies regulate the cross-border aspects of their industries, from safety and pollution to technical harmonisation between different countries.
|
|
After Brexit, Britain, Ireland's only big ally against European tax harmonisation, will no longer have a seat at the table.
|
|
Cross-border consolidation has been limited despite efforts at regulatory harmonisation, and even the largest carriers operate country by country.
|
|
One reason is the country's 2017 entry into the International Council for Harmonisation, which sets standards for developing new drugs.
|
|
But beyond the upbeat language, and uncontentious ideas like the tax harmonisation proposal, the paper's European chapter is largely open-ended.
|
|
Brussels notes that agreement with Japan includes greater harmonisation of standards that the EU hopes will help its manufacturers sell more.
|
|
An expert group at the European Commission has met in recent months to look at the potential harmonisation of TLAC and MREL.
|
|
But it is a stretch to use state-aid rules to achieve the sort of tax harmonisation that is favoured in Brussels.
|
|
Lo, this week a list of SPD demands surfaced that proposed working with Mr Macron on issues like tax harmonisation and European investment.
|
|
You say that "it is a stretch to use state-aid rules to achieve the sort of tax harmonisation that is favoured in Brussels".
|
|
They are also right to argue for tax harmonisation: America has only itself to blame if firms revolt against its high corporate-tax rate.
|
|
Simplifying the tax code would need international harmonisation; something the OECD is trying to address via its base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) initiative.
|
|
What hampers growth, at least according to bigger firms, is a lack of harmonisation that makes it harder for firms to operate across borders.
|
|
Greater harmonisation of sukuk standards, structures and legal frameworks resulting in improving transparency would also help improve issuers and investors' acceptance of such instruments.
|
|
It said it would lobby the British and Irish government and EU institutions to continue energy market harmonisation and to implement effective carbon pricing policies.
|
|
British regulators are concerned that European "maximum harmonisation" rules, which impose a level playing field, make it harder for them to demand tougher capital requirements.
|
|
We believe the harmonisation approach leaves this plan intact, as we believe the new debt class will rank pari-passu with outstanding vanilla senior debt.
|
|
Lawmakers in the European Parliament, which will have joint say with EU states on Dombrovskis' proposal, have called for limited harmonisation to avoid disrupting national markets.
|
|
If you look back on the long sweep of history, one of the big arguments about post-renaissance China and post-renaissance Europe concerns regulatory harmonisation.
|
|
Internal risk-weight models are being debated in Europe, and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has proposed a harmonisation of risk weights for mortgage loans.
|
|
Meanwhile they benefit from the EU's single farm payments, the harmonisation of standards across the union, its tariff-free market and its trade deals with other countries.
|
|
Sitting down with Bagehot, he starts by comparing post-renaissance China with post-renaissance Europe; the first mandated harmonisation and declined, the second accommodated competitive differences and advanced.
|
|
This has led to growing calls for some degree of harmonisation, although there has been voluntary cooperation for years, with an EU-wide network set up in 2013.
|
|
"We would challenge governments, including congresses and parliaments, presidents and prime ministers, to put harmonisation on their agenda," they wrote in an editorial in the journal Science Translational Medicine.
|
|
The banks are lobbying for AT1-related ADI to be determined using IFRS accounts, which would introduce greater harmonisation and make it easier for creditors to calculate ADI independently.
|
|
"The Australian government would like to see greater harmonisation of renewable targets, and I made that clear to the state energy ministers," said Josh Frydenberg, Australia's federal energy minister.
|
|
"Regulatory alignment is not harmonisation: its a question of ensuring similar outcomes in areas where you want to have trade relationships and free and frictionless trade," Davis told parliament.
|
|
"A higher level of harmonisation of the applicable rules in the form of a regulation should be considered," de Guindos told EU finance ministers during a public debate in Luxembourg.
|
|
Leaving the EU will also exempt Britain from certain rules on tax harmonisation, he points out, potentially giving Scotland more freedom to set its own rates (of VAT, for example).
|
|
"A harmonisation of the domestic infrastructures and the products offered would ease cross-border payments and foster further trade between the Nordic countries, stimulating growth and employment," the banks said.
|
|
Microsoft doesn't mention the 'B' word specifically but describes the price rise as a "harmonisation adjustment" — similar to ones it made in April for pricing in Norwegian krone and Swiss franc.
|
|
This harmonisation of the base for all the indicators at one-half of the volume of loans provided over the previous two quarters will facilitate lenders' planning of their business activities.
|
|
The FSB proposes that oversight of UTI data standards and drafting of technical specifications could be undertaken by CPMI and IOSCO, which published technical guidance on the harmonisation of UTIs in February.
|
|
Once the Insolvency Harmonisation Directive has been implemented in Spain, the second ranking senior notes will become non-preferred senior debt and the senior higher priority liabilities will become preferred senior debt.
|
|
Once the Insolvency Harmonisation Directive has been implemented in Spain, the second ranking senior notes will become senior non-preferred debt and the senior higher priority liabilities will become senior preferred debt.
|
|
"In part due to the harmonisation of legislation across borders and restored connectivity, Europe has witnessed a tremendous recovery of its large carnivore and herbivore populations in recent decades," the study notes.
|
|
However, in a working paper from earlier this month seen by IFR, the Commission underlined the need to expedite the adoption of its proposal tackling the harmonisation of the bank creditor hierarchy.
|
|
When I invested in GoCardless, we were excited about the harmonisation of banking regulations across Europe, because it meant we could expand rapidly across the continent, and challenge the entrenched, over-priced incumbents.
|
|
MiFID II is a revised version of rules designed to ensure harmonisation of financial services across the EU. Without the late change, shares traded on exchanges could shift to banks, the watchdog said.
|
|
"Should there be any harmonisation in FX rates – as encouraged by the multilateral agencies – then an FX assumption of 305 is likely to prove unrealistic," said Razia Khan, chief economist Africa at Standard Chartered Bank.
|
|
The shuttle diplomacy between Paris and Berlin will intensify in the weeks ahead, culminating in joint proposals on euro-zone reform and other matters, such as tax harmonisation, before an important EU summit in June.
|
|
"Not only has there been a slowdown in the momentum for reform and further harmonisation of unjustified differences in national supervisory law, in some countries we have even started going backwards," Lautenschlaeger told a conference.
|
|
The finance ministers of Germany and France plan to present a roadmap for the harmonisation of their countries' corporate taxes at a joint meeting of their governments on Thursday, the German business newspaper Handelsblatt reported.
|
|
"We are introducing harmonisation of penalties that should be imposed in cases of cross-border infringements," Jourova told the conference, with new legislation expected to be passed by the bloc's parliament in the spring of 2019.
|
|
"With spectrum harmonisation citizens will enjoy even higher-quality broadband and telecom operators will be able to cover wider areas for the benefit of all users," said Lise Fuhr Director General of European telecoms lobby ETNO.
|
|
"The definitions proposed ... aim to promote harmonisation in the measurement and application of two important measures of asset quality and thereby foster consistency in supervisory reporting and disclosures by banks," said the committee in a consultation document released Thursday.
|
|
While market participants have yet to digest the full implications of the TLAC/MREL harmonisation proposals and what they mean for European banks' senior bank debt, the EC was clear in its intention to add balm to the AT1 market.
|
|
With reporting requirements differing across jurisdictions, harmonisation of the codes used to identify trades and ongoing governance of UTI standards have become crucial in ensuring that regulators have access to a global view of risk in the US$544trn OTC derivatives market.
|
|
A risk weight harmonisation would not change the underlying risk, which remains low, but could result in higher pricing or a shift in business models whereby banks may sell part of the mortgage loans they originate rather than retain them on their balance sheets.
|
|
The UK and the EU would maintain a common rulebook for all goods including agri‐food, with the UK making an upfront choice to commit by treaty to ongoing harmonisation with EU rules on goods, covering only those necessary to provide for frictionless trade at the border.
|
|
In a recent joint paper Jean-Marc Ayrault and Frank-Walter Steinmeier, the foreign ministers of France and Germany, called for closer co-operation on defence, security and intelligence-sharing; the joint patrolling of external borders; a common migration and asylum policy, the harmonisation of corporation tax; and euro-zone reforms.
|
|
Promoting "harmonisation" of green bond standards between China and Europe will help foster cross-border debt investment and create more opportunities for European investors, said Ma. Rough estimates by some industry experts suggest that about 90 percent of Chinese green bonds issued are already consistent with standards adopted by most international investors, he said.
|
|
London: Cavendish Publishing.. Harmonisation can be seen as a step towards unification and, in a way, harmonisation aims or strives towards unification.
|
|
Chorale melodies are often in Bar form, that is, consisting of a repeated first phrase, called , and a concluding second phrase. The harmonisation of such a chorale melody may repeat the same harmonisation for both passes of the , or may present a variant harmonisation on the second pass of the first phrase of the melody.
|
|
With global VAT legislation administrative harmonisation a lot is suddenly possible.
|
|
Harmonisation is synonymous with convergence of the law however harmonisation is usually associated via active pursuit through enacting legislation whereas convergence is generally associated with a passive approach such as a natural convergence of law through custom and frequent use of harmonised principles. The most prominent example of harmonisation in international law is UNCITRAL (United Nations Commission on International Trade Law).
|
|
Significant progress has already been made by the T2S governance bodies, composed of industry experts, on harmonisation of instructions management and settlement processes, as well as on the processing of corporate actions on unsettled transactions."Fourth T2S Harmonisation Progress Report", European Central Bank, 19 March 2014. As a result of reduced settlement costs, increased competition, and greater harmonisation, T2S is expected to have a positive impact on European economic growth.
|
|
Therefore, most European legislation has been implemented on this basis. In more recent years, however, the burden of EC law has led to calls for deregulation, and accusations that some member states still indulge in protectionism when implementing directives into national law through gold-plating. Therefore, a growing minority of EU law contains maximum harmonisation provisions. It is quite common for a directive or recommendation to consist of a mixture of maximum harmonisation and minimum harmonisation clauses.
|
|
Since the new millennium, ICH's attention has been directed towards extending the benefits of harmonisation beyond the founding ICH regions. In 2015, ICH underwent several reforms and changed its name to the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use while becoming a legal entity in Switzerland as a non-profit association.ICH Makes Organizational Changes, Zachary Brennan, 26 October 2015, Regulatory Affairs Professionals SocietyICH is now International Council for Harmonisation – a Legal Swiss Entity, James Lind Institute The aim of these reforms was to transform ICH into a truly global initiative supported by a robust and transparent governance structure. The ICH Association established an Assembly as the over-arching governing body with the aim of focusing global pharmaceutical regulatory harmonisation work in one venue that allows pharmaceutical regulatory authorities and concerned industry organisations to be more actively involved in ICH’s harmonisation work.
|
|
The economic union was never a perfect one, as the treaty did not require the harmonisation of tax systems.
|
|
The Directive is designed to achieve what is called "maximum harmonisation" of business-to-consumer fair trade. The idea of "maximum harmonisation" is that it requires member states of the European Union to apply the standards set out in European legislation and prohibits those states from applying lower or higher standards. In other words, the Directive tells European countries to give consumers no more and no less than the level of protection set out in the Directive. That maximum harmonisation is not yet in force.
|
|
A notable example is the harmonisation of the seventh verse of the famous hymn tune "Adeste Fideles", as published in Carols for Choirs by Sir David Willcocks. This opens with the organ playing the melody in unison at three pitches (each an octave apart; the lowest played on the pedalboard), which is another popular technique of last verse harmonisation.
|
|
It was decided to test a much tighter pattern.Gustin and Williams 2003, p. 94 After evaluation in battle, by mid-1940 pattern harmonisation was dropped by the RAF in favour of "point harmonisation". Following the lead of Gray and Malan, British fighters were generally set to fire into a single point at 750 ft rather than a larger area.
|
|
These systems are strongly interconnected and it is undesirable to harmonise one without the others.Magnus, U (ed.), The Impact of Social Security Law on Tort Law,Vienna, New York; Springer, 2003 Secondly, harmonisation of tort law would also need harmonisation of administrative and criminal law. Most legal systems acknowledge the possibility to be liable for damage caused by the violation of a statutory duty. Hence, if there were to be harmonisation of the rules for breach of statutory duty, one should also harmonise the statutory rules that can be invoked as a basis for this tort.
|
|
The need for harmonisation may be self-evident because the idea was that differences between the Member States were an obstacle to the achievement of an internal market. According to the ECJ, a measure of harmonisation must actually contribute to improving the establishment and functioning of the internal market. A harmonising measure therefore has to delineate the distortions that flow from the differences between national laws.
|
|
MLVA has become a major first line typing tool in a number of pathogens where such an harmonisation could be achieved, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus anthracis, Brucella.
|
|
These include the use of ring circuits for domestic and light commercial fixed wiring, fused plugs, and for circuits installed prior to harmonisation, historically unique wiring colours.
|
|
Presumably after the completion of the movement, he crossed the fourth bar (between bb. 263 and 264) through, but was still able to retain the original harmonisation.
|
|
4-part chorale of "An Wasserflüssen Babylon" by J.S. Bach, edition of C.P.E. Bach & F.W. Birnstiel, 1765 Bach also composed a chorale harmonisation, BWV 267, which appeared around 1735 in the Dietel manuscript.Luke Dahn. BWV 267 at . 2017. That harmonisation is found as well in G major and in A-flat major in 18th-century chorale collections, both as "An Wasserflüssen Babylon" and as "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld".
|
|
The ideas on the harmonisation of European Tort Law also vary drastically. On the one hand there is a vision of a codification of European Tort Law as part of a European civil code. But on the other side of the spectrum is the idea that harmonisation should only be to the extent necessary for a functioning of the internal market. Once again, the current situation is somewhere in between.
|
|
Despite these efforts, there is still the preliminary question of whether harmonisation of tort law is feasible and desirable. There is argument to suggest that harmonisation is not as self-evident as it seems to be at first. Harmonization of tort law does not need only a formal legal basis but also a substantial justification.Van Gerven, W. ‘Harmonization of Private Law; Do we need it?’ CMLR 41 (2004), 505.
|
|
A harmonisation was written by Friedemann Schaber, a church musician in Rastatt in Alleluia 2005. The melody was used in 2004 for the English song "She" by Groove Coverage.
|
|
Also, it would have to outline how the measures aim to prevent distortions. In any case, the advantages of these measures need to be balanced with the costs involved. There are two observations which may further question the desirability and feasibility of the harmonisation of tort law. Firstly, the harmonisation of tort law is hard to achieve without taking into account other compensation systems, such as private insurance and social security systems.
|
|
Procter & Gamble Co. v OHIM (the "Baby Dry" case)Procter & Gamble Company v. Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market, Case C-383/99 P, 2001 Eur. Ct. Rpts. 0000 (Eur.
|
|
Here, national laws merely become closer but not identical. Unification also focuses on substituting or combining two or more legal systems and replacing them with a single system. Harmonisation on the other hand seeks to co-ordinate different legal systems by “eliminating major differences and creating minimum requirements or standards” > “Unlike unification which contemplates the substitution of two or more legal > systems with one single system, harmonisation of law arises exclusively in > comparative law literature, and especially in conjunction with > interjurisdictional, private transactions. Harmonisation seeks to ‘effect an > approximation or coordination of different legal provision or systems by > eliminating major differences and creating minimum requirements or > standards’Kamba (1974) 23 ICLQ 485, 501”de Cruz, P. (1999). ‘’Comparative > Law in a Changing World’’.
|
|
She began teaching a course in the "theory of harmony", later called the "theory of harmonisation", at the Bauhaus from the end of 1919, and remained at the school until the summer of 1924. Unlike her male colleagues, she was paid on a freelance fee basis and was not taken on as a contracted employee until the summer of 1923.Bauhaus100.Curriculum. Harmonisation theory 1919-1924. Retrieved 2 December 2018 Both masters and students attended her courses.
|
|
The unification and harmonisation of laws are similar in the sense that both involve approximating several legal systems and both are also oriented towards establishing some level of integration from a previous situation characterized by diversity. On the other hand, unification and harmonisation have different fundamental aims. The former works towards complete unity in substance and detail whereas the latter avoids complete uniformity, and is primarily concerned with approximating the fundamental principles of national laws.Cheng, p. 109.
|
|
There are five standard implementation scenarios: # Content Consolidation - centralised cleansing, de-duplication and consolidation, enabling key mapping and consolidated group reporting in SAP BI. No re-distribution of cleansed data. # Master Data Harmonisation - as for Content Consolidation, plus re-distribution of cleansed, consolidated master data. # Central Master data management - as for Master Data Harmonisation, but all master data is maintained in the central MDM system. No maintenance of master data occurs in the connected client systems.
|
|
HGVs in the UK have been subject to mandatory 60 mph (96 km/h) limiters since the early 1990s, which were subsequently revised to 90 km/h (56 mph) during EU harmonisation.
|
|
INSPIRE is one of three related initiatives that are the subject of the GIGAS (GEOSS, INSPIRE and GMES an Action in Support) harmonisation project under the auspices of the EU 7th Framework Programme.
|
|
Thirty-five years later, one-third of the tax proceeds originated from that sector. The harmonisation of the tax system across Europe could, however, seriously undermine the financial situation of the grand duchy.
|
|
DVDplus is a trademark of Dieter Dierks. A search in the trademarks database of the European Union's Office of Harmonisation of the Internal Market (OHIM) reveals that the trademark was registered in 2001.
|
|
Fire from the eight machine guns of a Hawker Hurricane is shown converging to a point, then diverging. (Drawing not to scale.) In aerial gunnery, gun harmonisation, convergence pattern, convergence zone, convergence point or boresight point refers to the aiming of fixed guns or cannon carried in the wings of a fighter aircraft. The wing guns in fighters were typically not bore-sighted to point straight ahead; instead they were aimed slightly inward so that the projectiles met at one or more areas several hundred yards or metres in front of the fighter's nose. The intent was either to spread the fire of multiple weapons to increase the chance of a hit, called "pattern harmonisation", or to concentrate the fire to deliver greater damage at one point, called "point harmonisation".
|
|
Procter & Gamble v. Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (the 'BABY-DRY' case)Procter & Gamble Company v. Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market, Case C-383/99 P, 2001 Eur. Ct. Rpts.
|
|
In 1997, the European Commission proposed the harmonisation of utility model laws across all EU countries. In 1999, the proposal was updated. No agreement could be reached, and in 2006 the proposal was withdrawn.
|
|
In the European sphere, the government gave priority to questions of employment, tax harmonisation, and the introduction of the single currency. When it came to employment, it advocated the idea that all European countries should enact a minimum wage. In terms of the harmonisation and coordination of fiscal policies, the Luxembourgish authorities were not opposed to a regulation at the level of all European states of the question of the withholding tax. But this had to take account of the interests of all member states.
|
|
Minimum harmonisation is a term used in European Union law. If a piece of law (usually a directive, but also a regulation on occasion), is described as minimum harmonisation, that means that it sets a threshold which national legislation must meet. However, national law may exceed the terms of the legislation if desired. It is usually easier to reach agreement on legislation drafted on this basis, as it allows existing national legislation on issues such as consumer protection or the environment to remain in place.
|
|
Flight testing revealed problems with the harmonisation of controls and marginal longitudinal stability. Before the trials were complete, the aircraft burnt out at its moorings on 28 January 1946 as a result of a galley fire.
|
|
The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) is an initiative that brings together regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical industry to discuss scientific and technical aspects of pharmaceutical product development and registration. The mission of the ICH is to promote public health by achieving greater harmonisation through the development of technical Guidelines and requirements for pharmaceutical product registration. Harmonisation leads to a more rational use of human, animal and other resources, the elimination of unnecessary delay in the global development, and availability of new medicines while maintaining safeguards on quality, safety, efficacy, and regulatory obligations to protect public health. As per the public health ICH must include the professional qualifications in their requirements on the aspect of pharmacists must be qualified and organisations must be included only pharmacist related of all health organisation.
|
|
The Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) assists the harmonisation of procedures and provisions concerning herbal medicinal products laid down in EU Member States, and further integrating herbal medicinal products in the European regulatory framework since 2004.
|
|
In the 1980s the European Union began harmonising regulatory requirements. In 1989, Europe, Japan, and the United States began creating plans for harmonisation. The International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) was created in April 1990 at a meeting in Brussels. ICH had the initial objective of coordinating the regulatory activities of the European, Japanese and United States regulatory bodies in consultation with the pharmaceutical trade associations from these regions, to discuss and agree the scientific aspects arising from product registration.
|
|
The Federal Bureau for Good Laboratory Practice, (GLP) is responsible for the coordination and harmonisation of GLP-related issues in the national and international context, as well as for monitoring specific GLP test facilities in Germany and abroad.
|
|
In the United Kingdom, the BPharm degree was awarded following a three-year undergraduate pharmacy program. It was superseded in 1997 by the Master of Pharmacy (MPharm) degree, awarded following a four-year program, as a result of European Union harmonisation.
|
|
Built upon its function as a facilitator of European harmonisation, the centre participated in international standardisation organisations. Another objective highlighted by the European Commission is the provision of scientific as well as practical information on all matters related to semantic interoperability.
|
|
The structure of AERS is in compliance with the international safety reporting guidance (ICH E2B2) issued by the International Conference on Harmonisation. Adverse events in AERS are coded to terms in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities terminology (MedDRA)3.
|
|
The Independent (newspaper) obituary 28 May 1999 He was a lifelong campaigner for the harmonisation of relationships between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The Sir Ian Fraser Theatre in the Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, his named in his honour.
|
|
Examples of directives include the Product Liability Directive and the Directive on Unfair Commercial Practices. A directives can be either a maximum harmonisation directives, which means member states are not allowed to deviate from it, or a minimum harmonisation directive, which only provide a general framework. Article 288 of the TFEU, however, concedes that a directive 'shall be binding as to the result to be achieved, upon each member State to which it is addressed, but shall leave to national authorities the choice of form and methods'. Liability can also be based on the violation of community provisions.
|
|
Maximum harmonisation is a term used in European Union law. If a piece of law (usually a directive, but also a regulation on occasion) is described as maximum harmonisation, that means that national law may not exceed the terms of the legislation. In practice, this prohibits gold-plating of European legislation when it is transposed into national law. It may also result in the repeal or amendment of existing national law; for example the effect of the Unfair Commercial Practices Directive on the UK Trade Descriptions Act 1968 Traditionally it was fairly uncommon for European legislation to be drafted on this basis.
|
|
Similar tests on food chemicals were recommended by the FDA in their Red Book. Behavioural test batteries are now required for new drugs by the S7A group of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH).
|
|
The combination of harmonisation, MUAC data needs and the emergence of computer network technology led the way to the development of a X.25 based surveillance data distribution network:EUROCONTROL Surveillance Data Distribution System (SDDS)Surveillance Communication / Surveillance Data Distribution, Next Generation (SDDS-NG) RADNET.
|
|
The youngest member of On a Friday, Greenwood was two school years below Yorke and Colin and the last to join. He first played harmonica and then keyboards, but soon became lead guitarist. Greenwood studied music at A Level, when he studied chorale harmonisation.
|
|
"Vopelius, Gottfried" in Sächsische Biografie, edited by Martina Schattkowsky. Institut für Sächsische Geschichte und Volkskunde, 17 June 2005. For the closing chorales of his cantatas BWV 27 and BWV 43 he used the harmonisation as found in the hymnal.Work at Bach Digital websiteBWV2a (1998), p.
|
|
Logo used between 2000 and 2007 Euronext was formed on 22 September 2000 following a merger of the Amsterdam Stock Exchange, Brussels Stock Exchange, and Paris Bourse, in order to take advantage of the European Union's (EU) single currency and harmonisation of financial markets.
|
|
Although the Commission report did not directly lead to any change in policy, it has been quoted and referenced by a number of subsequent reports such as the House of Lords EU Select committee Thirteenth Report when they were investigating EU Consumer Credit harmonisation.
|
|
Some harmonisations exist in different keys, i.e. pitches, in 18th-century sources: for instance a Bach cantata autograph gives the four-part chorale in one key, and the same harmonisation is found in one or more of the early chorale compilations in a different key.
|
|
In April 1990, the Ministers of Transport of the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) launched the "En-route Strategy for the 1990s" - a multilateral strategy designed to ensure that, by the end of the century, Air Traffic Control capacity will match forecasted demand. This strategy drove an initial programme, EATCHIP - the European ATC Harmonisation and Integration Programme, developed and managed by Eurocontrol to undertake the progressive harmonisation and integration of Air Traffic Services throughout the ECAC area. One of the key points in this strategy was to harmonise the data formats used in ATC data exchange. The format chosen for surveillance data was ASTERIX (All Purpose Structured Eurocontrol SuRveillance Information Exchange).
|
|
Last verse harmonisation is a technique of hymn accompaniment used by church organists. As the name suggests, this is a practice whereby the last verse of a hymn tune will be accompanied on the organ with an alternative harmony supporting the melody, which remains unchanged. If the congregation is led by a choir, then the choir will usually sing in unison during the last verse, as opposed to in parts (usually SATB) for the other verses, and the trebles (boy sopranos) or sopranos (or occasionally tenors) may sing a descant. The purpose of last verse harmonisation is to add interest, variation and excitement to a hymn tune.
|
|
Although the PSD was a maximum harmonisation directive, certain elements allowed for different options by individual countries. The final adopted text of PSD went into force 25 December 2007 and was transposed into national legislation by all EU and EEA member states by 1 November 2009.
|
|
"Hinomaru, 'Kimigayo' express conflicts both past and future", The Japan Times ONLINE, 17 July 2007. The harmonisation and orchestration of Kimi ga Yo is the combined work of these influential bandmasters.Conant, Ellen P., Challenging Past and Present: The Metamorphosis of Nineteenth-century Japanese Art (2006), p. 44.
|
|
Although the code was not adopted due to the strong opposition of leading regional families, who saw their power base threatened by the proposed harmonisation of regional inheritance and property laws, it was the basis of the codification later accomplished by Alonso Martínez in 1888/89.
|
|
There was no standard Early New High German, and all forms of language display some local or regional characteristics. However, there was increasing harmonisation in the written and printed word, the start of developments towards the unified standard which was codified in the New High German period.
|
|
Industry groups have argued that increased economic performance in those sectors will only strengthen standards in participating nations, and that EU trade agreements should go hand in hand with harmonisation efforts for environmental regulations.Standardisation, Mutual Recognition Agreements and Technical Cooperation. EFTA Policy Areas. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
|
|
Jul 2007. OECD Environment, Health and Safety Publications, Series on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology No. 42. . Published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Thuringiensins are nucleoside analogues. They inhibit RNA polymerase activity, a process common to all forms of life, in rats and bacteria alike.
|
|
A. Loacker SpA v. OHIM (28 January 2009) A. Loacker SpA v. OHIM Applicant A. Loacker SpA of Ritten sought to annul the decision made by the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market, for trademarks and designs, to allow an applicant for a community trademark, Editrice Quadratum SpA.
|
|
All of those states would need to have ratified the Agreement to cause it to enter into force,89/695/EEC: Agreement relating to Community patents, Done at Luxembourg on 15 December 1989, Article 10 but only seven did so: Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and United Kingdom.Official Journal of the European Patent Office 4/2006 p. 328 (pdf) Nevertheless, a majority of member states of the EEC at that time introduced some harmonisation into their national patent laws in anticipation of the entry in force of the CPC. A more substantive harmonisation took place at around the same time to take account of the European Patent Convention and the Strasbourg Convention.
|
|
During the 1st African Ministers of Health meeting, which ran from 14-17 April 2014 in Luanda, member states were requested to allocate resources for a potential African Medicines Agency as part of their efforts to improve medical regulatory harmonisation. The same year saw the creation of 11 “Regional Centres of Regulatory Excellence”. The proposed agency was inspired by the European Medicines Agency. It is expected that the work of the AMRH will eventually come under the purview of the AMA. In 2016 the Model Law on Medical products Regulation was endorsed by the AU. This law serves as a model for national regulatory laws and facilitates harmonisation between countries, and is promoted by AMRH.
|
|
The unification of European tort and insurance law is the most ambitious goal which the founders of the European Centre of Tort and Insurance Law, the European Group on Tort Law, pursue in cooperation with ECTIL. The broadly-based comparative research resulted in the drafting of “Principles of European Tort Law”, which provide a foundation for discussing a future harmonisation of the law of tort in the European Union. Further, the "Principles" shall form a stimulus for both academics and practitioners and could serve as a guideline for national legal systems, thereby leading to gradual legal harmonisation. Finally, the present isolated tort law regulations, which are at times themselves contradictory, require a uniform concept from the European Union.
|
|
There is international and European legislation in this field. The objectives of the Directive on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information societyDirective 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society., Accessed 2009-10-05. are to adapt legislation on copyright and related rights to reflect technological developments and to transpose into Community law the main international obligations arising from the two treaties on copyright and related rights adopted within the framework of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)World Intellectual Property Organisation, Accessed 2009-10-05.
|
|
20 of the U.S. states have entered into the Multistate Tax Compact that provides, among other things, that each member must grant a full credit for sales and use taxes paid to other states or subdivisions. The European Union members are all parties to the EU multi-country VAT harmonisation rules.
|
|
Edmunds was a member of the Utah County Board of Health from 1988 to 1998. She was a Trustee of the Utah South Region International Council on Harmonisation Governing Board from 1998 through 2003. She has also been a member of the Technical Advisory Committee for the Thrasher Research Fund.
|
|
The electronic common technical document (eCTD) is an interface and international specification for the pharmaceutical industry to agency transfer of regulatory information. The specification is based on the Common Technical Document (CTD) format and was developed by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Multidisciplinary Group 2 Expert Working Group (ICH M2 EWG).
|
|
Oxford and Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing. Page 49 Harmonisation is unsystematic. The directives of the European Union do not focus on or contain comprehensive regulation of the entire law. The directives regulate some very specific issues and they regulate them only for particular situations or circumstances and only for particular types of parties.
|
|
In unification, for example, a new law completely replaces the national laws that have existed before. A harmonisation law on the European level does not exceed mere approximationAndenas & Andersen, p. 309. and leaves the national differences in place as long as they are not expressly regulated by the harmonising law.Cheng, p. 109.
|
|
In this boom phase, the government of the day had little involvement, even though, on occasion it defended the financial centre against European plans for fiscal harmonisation. The financial centre profited from both positive external factors, as well as legislation from 40 years previous, prepared under the then-Minister for Finances Pierre Dupong.
|
|
Sackville-West and Shawe-Taylor, pp. 642–643 The most popular of the four is Danse macabre (1874) depicting skeletons dancing at midnight. Saint- Saëns generally achieved his orchestral effects by deft harmonisation rather than exotic instrumentation, but in this piece he featured the xylophone prominently, representing the rattling bones of the dancers.Rees, p.
|
|
The music of Sheep, Dog & Wolf is characterised by its often-dense instrumentation, unusual time signatures, McBride's use of vocal layering and harmonisation, and his 'bedroom artist' approach to recording and engineering. Notably, all releases are performed, recorded, and produced by McBride. Sheep, Dog & Wolf is currently in the process of mastering his next album.
|
|
The European Society of Cardiology (ESC) is a non-profit knowledge-based professional association that facilitates the improvement and harmonisation of standards of diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The ESC produces, organises and supports many scientific and educational activities and products aimed at cardiology professionals wishing to increase their knowledge and update their skills.
|
|
The Scottish National Paediatric Retrieval Service was established in April 2001. EMRS were formed in 2004. In November 2011, a strategic review project board looked at Scotland's patient transport arrangements and recommended harmonisation of the existing specialist services. In April 2013, the Scottish Ambulance Service approved the plans which were expected to cost £9.3million a year.
|
|
It was from work on European contract law that the push for a comprehensive European civil code arose. The development of a European civil code has primarily focused on creating a unified law of contracts. Thus, the term 'European civil code' is often used in specific reference to the harmonisation of contract law throughout the EU.
|
|
Other 'account information services' offer consolidated information on different accounts of a payments service user. Harmonisation of refund rules regarding direct debits, a reduction of the scope of the "simplified regime" for so- called "small payment institutions" and addressing security, access to information on payment accounts or data privacy with possible licensing and supervision were proposed.
|
|
The European Diving Technology Committee (EDTC) is tasked with promoting good standards for diving within Europe and where practicable, coordinating differing standards. As part of this work they publish high level minimum competence standards for inshore and offshore diving industry personnel as guidance for member states to encourage harmonisation of standards and facilitate international recognition of commercial diver qualifications.
|
|
Acoustics today, 4(2), 22-34. The third and fourth conferences were each followed by a one-day workshop, respectively the Workshop on International Harmonisation of Approaches to Define Underwater Noise Exposure Criteria and the International Airgun Modelling Workshop: Validation of Source Signature and Sound Propagation Models. A fifth conference is planned for 2019 in The Hague, Netherlands.
|
|
It also considers, makes recommendations, or takes other necessary action on all related aspects of UK and European legislation governing professional fireworks and related products. Members of the Association sit on a number of Health and Safety Executive and Local Government enforcement committees, along with European committees concerned with the harmonisation of fireworks related legislation throughout the European Community.
|
|
According to WENRA, EDF has prepared a plan in case of an earthquake,WENRA Progress towards harmonisation of safety for existing reactors in WENRA countries (p 74/88) however other ASN documents from 2002 there may be some anomalies regarding the remote control and which may put into question the correct functioning of certain elements following an earthquake.
|
|
The Office of the Secretary General's Envoy on Youth coordinates closely with Member States to further support youth issues and reinforce a youth perspective in relevant resolutions. The Envoys office also supports evidence-based research on youth issues, networking of youth-led organisations and works on building a global coalition for youth rights. Fourthly, in terms of the Harmonisation priority area, the Office of the Secretary General's Envoy on Youth works as a catalyst to enhance the coordination and harmonisation of youth programming among UN agencies. The actions toward this priority include the promotion of the implementation of the World Programme of Action for Youth, working closely with the UN Inter- Agency Network on Youth Development and support for the establishment of inter-agency networks at the regional and national levels.
|
|
Jegede said the AATI would further economic collaboration, harmonisation and integration within the continent through the use of taxation. He described this as a veritable economic transformation tool. The secretariat of the AATI will be in Ghana. The association was formally inaugurated in South Africa in October 2011 during the Annual Tax Conference of the SA Institute of Tax Practitioners (SAIT).
|
|
The last movement is a four-part harmonisation of the chorale tune for the choir, with the last stanza of the hymn as text. While the text of the stanzas used for the outer movements was retained unchanged, the text of the inner movements of the cantata, a succession of recitatives alternating with arias, was paraphrased from the inner stanzas of the hymn.
|
|
The Financial Services Action Plan (FSAP) is a key component of the European Union's attempt to create a single market for financial services. Created in 1999 and to last for a period of six years, it contained 42 articles related to the harmonisation of the financial services markets within the European Union. It was scheduled to be completed by the end of 2004.
|
|
Gertrud Grunow (8 July 1870 – 11 June 1944) was a German musician and educationalist who formulated theories on the relationships between sound, colour and movement and was a specialist in vocal pedagogy. She taught courses in the "theory of harmonisation" at the Bauhaus in Weimar, where she was the school's first woman teacher and the only woman teacher during the school's Weimar years.
|
|
Heidelberg Law Library (2004) The main research interests of the faculty center around the harmonisation of private and public law at a European and international level; the ongoing refinement and adaptation of commercial, fiscal and labor legislation; the design of a legal framework for dealing with issues posed by statehood and European and global transnationality; criminology; and the history of law.
|
|
Tchaikovsky drew upon a huge body of traditional Slavonic chants for the work. The melody of the chant is usually used as the soprano line, with simple harmonisation for the alto, tenor and bass lines. He rarely departs from this homophonic style, save for brief polyphonic sections in the "Gladsome Light" and "Polyeleon" movements. This use of homophony shares similarities with German chorales.
|
|
As of July 2014, only South Africa has introduced a standard (SANS 164-2) based closely on IEC 60906-1. Brazil used it as the basis for its NBR 14136 standard, but this is not compatible with IEC 60906-1. In 2017 the European Union (EU) published recommendations advising against the harmonisation of domestic plug and socket systems in the EU.
|
|
But this confidentiality should not be used for criminal activities. This was why the previous government had put through anti-money laundering legislation. The Juncker- Polfer government extended these measures to improve the effectiveness of the fight against fraud and economic and financial crime. In terms of tax harmonisation, the European summit of Feira in June 2000 was a way towards a compromise.
|
|
The harmonisation of statuses made it possible to merge the health insurance and pension funds of the private sector and led to the creation of one single professional chamber and one employment tribunal for the sector. From 1 January 2009, the National Health Fund (Caisse nationale de santé) replaced the old social security bodies that were based on socio- professional distinctions.
|
|
In 1962, Chown founded his tax advisory company, J F Chown & Company Limited, now Chown Dewhurst LLP. He has been a public policy adviser to Conservative Chancellors and Shadow Chancellors,"Recent published flat tax proposals". Tax Matters, UK Tax Reform Commission, 2006. commenting on European tax harmonisation proposals and visiting Canada, Australia, New Zealand as an international adviser on their respective tax reforms.
|
|
243.); ST. CROSS (O come and mourn with me awhile); and ST. CUTHBERT (Our blest Redeemer, ere He breathed). He also submitted a harmonisation of the tune STOCKTON. Other, later, tunes which achieved acclaim include GERONTIUS (Praise to the Holiest in the height, taken from Cardinal Newman's poem The Dream of Gerontius, and sung at the funeral of William Gladstone Cory, p.
|
|
Electrician's guide to the 17th edition of the IEE wiring regulations. 3rd edition pub 2012 John Whitfield They are now treated similar to other British Standards. BS 7671 has converged towards (and is largely based on) the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) harmonisation documents, and therefore is technically very similar to the current wiring regulations of other European countries.
|
|
Burlingame did a BSc at University of California, Davis in Nutrition Science and Environmental Toxicology, graduating in 1983; and a PhD at Massey University in 1997 entitled 'Food composition harmonisation in international nutrition programme management.' After 16 years working at the Food and Agriculture Organization in Rome and rising to Deputy Director of the Nutrition Division, she returned to Massey as a professor in 2016.
|
|
Austria introduced their uniform pension system through The Act on the Harmonisation of Austrian Pension Systems on January 1, 2005. This act provides a pension for anyone employed and under the age of 50. This uniform pension system is the reason why private and occupational pensions are second to the state pension. Austria's public (or state) pension system is a pay-as-you-go (PAYG) system.
|
|
In The Chorale Book for England, 1865 Winkworth's translation was published as No. 137 in The Chorale Book for England in 1865, with a four- part harmonisation of the tune. The hymn tune is also known as "St. Theodulph" after Theodulf of Orléans who was the author of the Latin hymn which became, in John Mason Neale's 1845 English translation, "All Glory, Laud and Honour".
|
|
There are various developments occurring in this area. The European Court of Justice (ECJ) has developed case law on the basis of general principles common to the laws of the Member States. The European Commission has also looked toward harmonisation by proposing to develop a so-called Common Frame of References. National courts and legislators are also becoming more prepared to look at foreign developments.
|
|
One question is if international trade agreements have much value without a global harmonisation in VAT tax administrative legislation between the agreeing parts. The EU- agreements with countries like Norway do not include VAT union membership. And so goods are stuck in customs (to large costs) for VAT declaration and administratively it requires a lot of work. Work and halting not happening within the EU VAT union.
|
|
Air Zimbabwe started charging fares in U.S. dollars on 20 March. In August 2006 run away inflation forced the government to replace its existing currency with a revalued one. In December 2006, ZANU- PF proposed the "harmonisation" of the parliamentary and presidential election schedules in 2010; the move was seen by the opposition as an excuse to extend Mugabe's term as president until 2010.
|
|
The aim of this harmonisation of the registration methods is to create a bridge between European directive 98/26 on payment and securities settlement systems and the less integrated practices of non-European countries. Indeed, the directive 98/26 introduces since 1998, concepts very close to the concepts of book-entries("entry in the system"), of limitation of reversals ("irrevocability") and of effectiveness ("finality").
|
|
The harmonisation is unusual – every chord in the melody is 'held back' by a B-flat and C, while the bass (playing in the treble) jumps about almost arbitrarily, increasing the harmonic tension. Pauses in the melody are greeted by staccato 'growling' in the deep bass. ;Variation IV Marked con duolo ("with grief"). The melody is simplified to two-in-a-bar chords marked dolce e legato.
|
|
Campaigners are worried that this document contains new threats to freedom of assembly and the right to protest in that is suggests that there could be "harmonisation of powers to manage marches and assemblies" throughout the UK. Sections 132 to 138 of the Act were repealed by the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011, which provides for a different scheme of "prohibited activities" on Parliament Square.
|
|
JRC-IHCP "former ECB", September 2011. Retrieved on 27 September 2011. Tasks of the former ECB still managed by JRC-IHCP include: the Review Programme on the risk assessment of Biocides, the development of a methodology for the future Regulation on the Prioritisation of Chemical Substances and its corresponding Environmental Quality Standards (EQS); the harmonisation of testing methods and 'non-testing methods' (e.g. QSARs).
|
|
The navigation specifications provide specific implementation guidance in order to facilitate global harmonisation. Under PBN, generic navigation requirements are first defined based on the operational requirements. Civil aviation authorities then evaluate options in respect of available technology and navigation services. A chosen solution would be the most cost-effective for the civil aviation authority, as opposed to a solution being established as part of the operational requirements.
|
|
The extent of that authority varies from canton to canton.Locher, 50. While the formal framework of the most important cantonal direct taxes has been harmonised through the 1990 Federal Tax Harmonisation Law, the cantons (and, as the case may be, the municipalities) remain free to set their tax rates or establish new taxes, except on tax objects already taxed under federal law.Locher, 89 et seq.
|
|
Georg Philipp Telemann: Catalogue TWV 02–15, Cantates diverses § "05. Oratorio de la passion et Passions" at Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld, GWV 1119/24, is a church cantata for the last Sunday before Lent (Estomihi) composed by Christoph Graupner in 1724. Johann Gottfried Walther set "Ein Lämmlein geht und trägt die Schuld" for organ. BWV 267 is Johann Sebastian Bach's chorale harmonisation of Dachstein's hymn tune.
|
|
In June 2020, Haendel joined the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to form the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), which collates ad analyses the medical record data of people with coronavirus disease. The N3C looks to identify the risk factors that can predict severity of coronavirus disease and help to identify potential treatments. It has work streams in data partnership, phenotypes, collaborative analytics, data harmonisation and data synthesis.
|
|
In reaction to this, the Luxembourg government issued its own declaration stating it did not surrender those provisions agreed upon in 1965. The Edinburgh decision was attached to the Amsterdam Treaty. With the Treaty of Nice Luxembourg attached a declaration stating it did not claim the seat of the Boards of Appeal of the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market – even if it were to become a judicial body.
|
|
Kaitlin Mara, Brimelow Stresses Need For Better Patent System; Discusses Harmonisation, Intellectual Property Watch, 17 September 2009. Consulted on October 17, 2009. According to a 2010 study by London Economics, "the cost to the global economy of the delay in processing patent applications may be as much as £7.65 billion each year."UK and US announce action plan to reduce global patent backlogs, UKIPO, Press releases 2010, 10 March 2010.
|
|
Private & Public Sector Security Harmonisation A complementary program called 'Project Argus' is also deployed across the United Kingdom. Project Argus focuses on "preventing, handling and recovering from a terrorist attack." It takes participants through simulated but realistic terrorist attack for participants to learn what would likely happen in an attack, what are the priorities during an attack and to have the necessary plans in place before an attack.
|
|
Trauermusik consists of four very short movements. The first movement is marked Langsam. The second movement (Ruhig bewegt) is less than a minute in length and the third is only slightly longer. The last movement is the heart of the work and in it, Hindemith quotes the chorale "Für deinen Thron tret' ich hiermit" ("Here I stand before Thy throne"), well known in Germany via the harmonisation by Johann Sebastian Bach.
|
|
Questions raised in the consultations held by the Chairman focused on the methodology of tariff- cutting negotiations. A number of delegations are proposing a common approach. Unlike in the Uruguay Round where members cut tariffs on a "request-offer" basis, this would be a harmonised approach that would facilitate comparisons of tariff reduction proposals. Another position is using the combination of request-offer and harmonisation in the negotiations.
|
|
The objectives of the organisation, defined in Article 1 of its Statutes, are to promote professional cooperation among SAI members and other organizations,ECIIA Signs Cooperation Agreement with EUROSAI - to encourage the exchange of information and documentation, to advance the study of public sector audit, to stimulate the creation of university professorships in this subject and to work towards the harmonisation of terminology in the field of public sector audit.
|
|
Challenges in implementation of information designs expressed in openEHR centre on the extent to which actual system constraints are in harmony with the information design. In the field of Electronic health records there are a number of existing information models with overlaps in their scope which are difficult to manage, such as between HL7 V3 and SNOMED CT. The openEHR approach faces harmonisation challenges unless used in isolation.
|
|
Georgia is aligned with the European Process of Harmonisation of Higher Education in Europe, also known as Bologna Process, making Degrees of the Gorgasali University cognate across Europe. In particular, NARIC UK has confirmed Gorgasali University Degrees’ equivalence with degrees of British universities. Similar, the German Ständige Konferenz der Kultusminister (KMK) has officially recognised the University’s degrees and placed Gorgasali University on its Anabin list of recognised foreign universities.
|
|
The SP also opposes raising the retirement age. In addition, the SP is a proponent of increasing welfare spending in some areas such as for a publicly financed maternity leave, universal health care and a flexible retirement age. In tax policy the SP opposes the notion of lowering taxes for high-income citizens. By campaigning for the harmonisation of all tax rates in Switzerland, the SP seeks more redistribution.
|
|
The Eurasian Economic Commission operates a competition policy to ensure equal competitive conditions in the commodity markets of the Single Economic Space. It also aims at harmonisation and improvement of legislation of each of the three countries in regard to competition policy. The commission serves as the competition regulator for the single market and is also responsible for antitrust issues. Special regulations limit state intervention in the economy.
|
|
Statements made by National Transport Commission staff and industry advocates during National Rail Safety Regulator Public Information Forums throughout Australia during July 2011. In addition, smaller jurisdictions generally see the rail safety regulation function as expensive and wish to shift costs to the Commonwealth Government. Concerns have also been expressed about the progress of harmonisation across Australia, including since the approval of the national model Rail Safety Bill.
|
|
CEDPO was founded in September 2011 by national data protection organisations as their European umbrella organisation, so far (2014) without any explicit legal form. CEDPO pursues to promote the role of the Data Protection Officer and to provide advice on balanced, practicable, and effective data protection. In addition, CEDPO aims to contribute to a better harmonisation of data protection law and practices in the European Union (EU) / European Economic Area (EEA).
|
|
In some US locations, the local IRB must certify researchers and their staff before they can conduct clinical trials. They must understand the federal patient privacy (HIPAA) law and good clinical practice. The International Conference of Harmonisation Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice is a set of standards used internationally for the conduct of clinical trials. The guidelines aim to ensure the "rights, safety and well being of trial subjects are protected".
|
|
In performance, verses are often omitted – either because the hymn is too long in its entirety or because the words are unsuitable for the day on which they are sung. For example, the eighth anonymous verse is only sung on Epiphany, if at all; while the last verse of the original is normally reserved for Christmas Midnight Mass, Mass at Dawn or Mass during the Day. In the United Kingdom and United States it is often sung today in an arrangement by Sir David Willcocks, which was originally published in 1961 by Oxford University Press in the first book in the Carols for Choirs series. This arrangement makes use of the basic harmonisation from The English Hymnal but adds a soprano descant in verse six (verse three in the original) with its reharmonised organ accompaniment, and a last verse harmonisation in verse seven (verse four in the original), which is sung in unison.
|
|
In particular, it outlines the principles of data protection. Being the largest and oldest statistical survey, the census is governed by its own law (promulgated on 22 June 2007).Federal Act on the Federal Census (Census Act) of 22 June 2007, SR 431.112 This also applies to the simplified collection of data thanks to the harmonisation of population and other official personal registers, which is mentioned in Art. 65 of the Constitution.
|
|
The nation was described by a United Nations official as being at risk for becoming a "narco-state". The government and the military have done little to stop drug trafficking, which increased after the 2012 coup d'état. The government of Guinea-Bissau continues to be ravaged by illegal drug distribution, according to The Week magazine. Guinea-Bissau is a member of the Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law in Africa (OHADA).
|
|
Imitations go back to Roman times and already in the 17th century techniques were developed to color foil red—by burning scarlet wool in the bottom part of the furnace—which was then placed under the imitation stone. Trade terms such as balas ruby for red spinel and rubellite for red tourmaline can mislead unsuspecting buyers. Such terms are therefore discouraged from use by many gemological associations such as the Laboratory Manual Harmonisation Committee (LMHC).
|
|
From the outset, EUROCAE has developed performance specifications and other documents exclusively dedicated to the aviation community. EUROCAE documents are widely referenced by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) as Guidance Material and by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) as means of compliance to European Technical Standard Orders (ETSOs) and other regulatory documents. To achieve the desired global harmonisation of aviation standards, EUROCAE has a close cooperation with RTCA, Inc. and SAE International.
|
|
The movement was called the Harmonisation Movement. The first benefit reaped was that movement of goods from one territory to another will no longer be considered as import or export; and goods will only be taxed once, that is when the goods were imported or exported for the first time from Malaysia. This means business transactions between territories can proceed unhindered. On 19 December 1977, Penang was declared as a Main Customs Area.
|
|
The legislature and executive have a close relationship in the UK constitution. This led Walter Bagehot to declare the "nearly complete fusion" of the roles in the nineteenth century. Other writers have stressed that the harmonisation of the legislature and executive does not preclude their distinctiveness. By convention, government ministers are drawn from one of the two houses; the weight of democratic responsibility entails that most come from the House of Commons.
|
|
In Norwich, Christopher teaches intellectual property at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. His main research interests are in or closely related to intellectual property and have three central themes: the place of the common law passing-off action within a wider category of unfair competition law; the public and private international law of intellectual property, including the potential for extraterritorial enforcement; and the harmonisation of substantive European patent law and patent litigation procedure.
|
|
Following are the Key Concepts covered under this Book. Alternative dispute resolution in India is not new and it was in existence even under the previous Arbitration Act, 1940. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 has been enacted to accommodate the harmonisation mandates of UNCITRAL Model. To streamline the Indian legal system the traditional civil law known as Code of Civil Procedure, (CPC) 1908 has also been amended and section 89 has been introduced.
|
|
UNIFE and its members also work on the setting of interoperability standards and coordinate EU-funded research projects that aim at the technical harmonisation of railway systems. The association has developed IRIS (International Rail Industry Standard) – a sets of standards in rail transport which defines requirements in content, procedures and evaluation of audits as well as a requirement profile for the certification bodies and auditors. UNIFE is also the author of ERTMS.
|
|
Roquette Frères v Council was a ruling by the European Court of Justice which annulled a Regulation because the European Council failed to consult with the European Parliament.EUR-Lex – 61980J0179 – EN. Eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved on 2011-06-05. Under Article 113 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union bills covering areas such as home affairs, State aids and the harmonisation of indirect taxation must be passed via the First Special Legislative Procedure.
|
|
Lake Victoria occupies a shallow depression in Africa. The lake has a maximum depth of between and an average depth of .United Nations, Development and Harmonisation of Environmental Laws Volume 1: Report on the Legal and Institutional Issues in the Lake Victoria Basin, United Nations, 1999, page 17 Its catchment area covers . The lake has a shoreline of when digitized at the 1:25,000 level, with islands constituting 3.7% of this length.
|
|
The question of tax harmonisation touched on a vital interest of the Grand Duchy. Wealth management remained the principal activity of the financial centre, even though other sectors such as management of investment funds were developing. However, considerations of confidentiality constituted the life of private banking. In negotiations on the European level, the Luxembourgish government demanded the maintenance of banking secrecy as long as its principal financial-service competitors maintained it as well.
|
|
Page 50 Harmonisation generally takes place on two levels of governance, the overarching body and each of the members individually. Taking the European Union, the two levels are the European level and national level. Although both European and national legislators share the legislative responsibilities, neither of these bodies has final responsibility for the whole. Also, there is no superior political authority which has the final say on who is responsible for what, i.e.
|
|
Source: WIPO. # Modifications to the duration of copyright were by transposition of Council Directive 93/98/EEC of 29 October 1993 harmonizing the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights, OJ no. L290 of 24 November 1993, p. 9\. # Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society, OJ no.
|
|
The Sixth Directive characterised the EU VAT as harmonisation of the member states' general tax on the consumption of goods and services.sixth Directive, 77/388/EEC, Article 2 – 3. The Sixth Directive defined a taxable transaction within the EU VAT scheme as a transaction involving the supply of goods,sixth Directive, 77/388/EEC, Article 5 the supply of services,sixth Directive, 77/388/EEC, Article 6. and the importation of goods.
|
|
This sound, which Ginastera uses frequently, reflects the vastness of the Argentine pampas (grasslands). The final section returns to the opening melody, but with a richer harmonisation based on thirds. Unexpectedly, the piece ends with an atonal chord, instead of the tonic key, giving a feeling of uncertainty rather than conclusion. This piece was in the C list of pieces for ABRSM's grade 7 piano exam syllabus in 2013/2014 (piece C1).
|
|
The ICH WGs are established by the Assembly when a new technical topic is accepted for harmonisation, and are charged with developing a harmonised guideline that meets the objectives outlined in the Concept Paper and Business Plan. Face-to-face meetings of the WG will normally only take place during the biannual ICH meetings. Interim reports are made at each meeting of the Assembly and made publicly available on the ICH website.
|
|
These working modalities changed again and gradually led to convening specialized international working groups with the aim of publishing solid balanced reports. In 2016, CIOMS joined The International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) as an observer. ICH is bringing together the regulatory authorities and pharmaceutical industry to discuss scientific and technical aspects of drug registration. ICH guidelines form part of official technical requirements for authorization of medicines.
|
|
The association has 5 permanent working groups: # Risk management, # Policy, # Settlement, # Compliance and # Harmonisation/corporate actions. The association also focuses on Cyber resilience, technological developments and other important areas of focus. It regularly publishes research reports on CSDs, including technical standards, settlement statistics, market discipline and regulatory issues. It provides educational material on the role of CSDs in financial markets, including Frequently Asked Questions, an online tutorial and facts about the CSD industry.
|
|
As the harmonisation of "Marcha Real" was written by Pérez Casas in the early 20th century, the copyright has not yet expired. The government bought it from Pérez Casas' estate in 1997 for 130 million pesetas (781,315.734 euros) to avoid future legal problems. Until it expires, the copyright belongs to the Ministry of Culture and collecting societies charge copyright fees, which has led to criticism."El himno da aún mucho dinero". Crónica. #604.
|
|
Overall the number of RF tests has been rationalised, by removing tests no longer required due to developments in receiver design. The D-Book continues to be the foundation of all UK DTT based platforms including Freeview Play, Freeview HD, YouView, EETV and NowTV and the UK DSAT platform, Freesat, as well as several international adaptations. The DTG continues to ensure European harmonisation wherever possible, while meeting the needs of the rapidly developing and highly successful UK TV market.
|
|
NeTEx is an evolution and offspring of the Transmodel project, which developed a conceptual model to harmonise and systemise the data formats of a number of European countries. It represents a harmonisation of a number of different European standards such as Bison (Netherlands), Trident (France) TransXChange (UK), VDV 452 (Germany), TAP TSI, for all of which a mapping to NeTEx exists. There is also a mapping to GTFS. V1.0 of NeTEx was published by CEN in 2014.
|
|
The ISO 10993 set entails a series of standards for evaluating the biocompatibility of medical devices to manage biological risk. These documents were preceded by the Tripartite agreement and is a part of the international harmonisation of the safe use evaluation of medical devices. For the purpose of the ISO 10993 family of standards, biocompatibility is defined as the "ability of a medical device or material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application".
|
|
Once it is created, it is expected that the AMA will supervise and absorb roles currently carried out by other bodies, such as regional harmonisation efforts and pan-AU creations such as the African Medicines Regulatory Harmonization (AMRH) initiative and the African Vaccines Regulatory Forum (AVAREF). The Treaty for the Establishment of the African Medicines Agency was adopted by the AU in February 2019. It requires 15 ratifications from AU member states to come into effect.
|
|
From 1989 until 1997, he was Director of the Centre for Advanced Legal Studies and from 1995 until 1997, he was the first and founding president of the European Law Faculties Association In addition to his role in Belgian tax law, he is an expert for the European Commission on the harmonisation of tax law in Europe and a consultant with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
|
|
The Canadian code reprints Chapter 13 of IEC 60364, but there are no numerical criteria listed in that chapter to assess the adequacy of any electrical installation. Although the US and Canadian national standards deal with the same physical phenomena and broadly similar objectives, they differ occasionally in technical detail. As part of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) program, US and Canadian standards are slowly converging toward each other, in a process known as harmonisation.
|
|
The European civil code (ECC) is a proposed harmonisation of private law across the European Union. The ultimate aim of a European civil code is, like a national civil code, to deal comprehensively with the core areas of private law. Private law typically covered in a civil code includes the family law, the law of inheritance, property law and the Law of Obligations. The law of obligations includes the law of contracts, delicts (or torts) and restitution.
|
|
Comparative studies on topics to do with the functioning of democracy offer initial overviews of the law in various countries. Such a comparative approach then makes it possible to identify constitutional values that are shared throughout Europe and, where relevant, any areas of weakness. The third stage is that of harmonisation, in which, on the basis of Commission recommendations, the principles concerned are incorporated into the law of those countries where they have not yet been established.
|
|
Harmonisation is usually not comprehensive but partial, in that it does not seek to create a sole authority of law on a particular subject. This is because measures to harmonise law cannot go further than that which is necessary.Hesselink, M. The Ideal of Codification and the Dynamics of Europeanisation: The Dutch Experience in the book by Vogenauer, S and Weatherill, S (ed). (2006). ‘’The Harmonization of European Contract Law Implications for European Private Laws, Business and Legal Practice’’.
|
|
These piecemeal changes have induced complex and cumbersome legislation, and raised difficulties in harmonising contradictory provisions. Such harmonisation is imperative for effectively regulating a dynamic market in the era of financial globalisation. The piecemeal amendments have generated unintended outcomes including regulatory gaps, overlaps, inconsistencies and regulatory arbitrage. The fragmented regulatory architecture has led to a loss of scale and scope that could be available from a seamless financial market with all its attendant benefits of minimising the intermediation cost.
|
|
It was created at the October 2018 meeting. The Focus Group aims to assess the behaviour of AI systems performing the Driver tasks on our road. To build public trust it is fundamental that the performance of these AI-systems meets, or exceeds, the performance of a competent and careful human driver. The FG aims to create international harmonisation on the definition of a minimal performance threshold for these AI systems performing the tasks of a driver.
|
|
A SAS Airbus A320neo in 2017. On 20 June 2011, SAS announced an order for 30 new A320neo aircraft as part of its fleet harmonisation plan. SAS' stated goal is to have an all-Airbus fleet at its bases in Stockholm and Copenhagen by 2019, with a mixed A320neo and A320ceo fleet operation at both bases. The base in Oslo will then operate mostly Boeing 737-800 aircraft, with a few 737-700s also being retained.
|
|
Gropius established the workshop to explore theatrical methods, as he saw similarities between building and stage work. Students from all departments were encouraged to participate. Scheyer, like fellow teachers Johannes Itten and Gertrud Grunow, was regarded as one of the Bauhaus 'esoterics', as opposed to the more technically-minded Gropius.Bauhaus100.Curriculum. Harmonisation theory 1919-1924. Retrieved 2 December 2018 He was experimental and concealed his players behind geometric full-body masks to explore the language of form.
|
|
This is one of the fundamental dichotomies which are perceived by the unenlightened. The physical manifestation of the vajra, also called dorje in this context, is the male organ. Arranged equally around the mouth of the lotus are two, four, or eight creatures which are called makara. These are mythological half-fish, half- crocodile creatures made up of two or more animals, often representing the union of opposites, (or a harmonisation of qualities that transcend our usual experience).
|
|
Eurostat (European Statistical Office) is a Directorate-General of the European Commission located in the Kirchberg quarter of Luxembourg City, Luxembourg. Its main responsibilities are to provide statistical information to the institutions of the European Union (EU) and to promote the harmonisation of statistical methods across its member states and candidates for accession as well as EFTA countries. The organisations in the different countries that cooperate with Eurostat are summarised under the concept of the European Statistical System.
|
|
Danza de la moza donosa ("Dance of the Beautiful Maiden") is a gentle dance in 6/8 time. A piquant melody meanders its way through the first section, constantly creating and releasing tension through the use of chromatic inflections. The second section introduces a new melody, more assured of itself than the first. The harmonisation of this section is based on the intervals of the fourth and fifth, which give the music a feeling of expansiveness.
|
|
The most potent offering was animal sacrifice, typically of domesticated animals such as cattle, sheep and pigs. Each was the best specimen of its kind, cleansed, clad in sacrificial regalia and garlanded; the horns of oxen might be gilded. Sacrifice sought the harmonisation of the earthly and divine, so the victim must seem willing to offer its own life on behalf of the community; it must remain calm and be quickly and cleanly dispatched.Halm, in Rüpke (ed), 239.
|
|
The Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS; French: Organisation des États de la Caraïbe orientale, OECO) is an inter-governmental organisation dedicated to economic harmonisation and integration, protection of human and legal rights, and the encouragement of good governance between countries and territories in the Eastern Caribbean. It also performs the role of spreading responsibility and liability in the event of natural disaster. The administrative body of the OECS is the Commission, which is based in Castries, the capital of Saint Lucia.
|
|
Neu Leipziger Gesangbuch. Leipzig: Christoph Klinger, pp.706–709 In 1628 Heinrich Schütz published a four-part harmonisation of "An Wasserflüssen Babylon", SWV 242, in the Psalmen Davids, hiebevorn in teutzsche Reimen gebracht, durch D. Cornelium Beckern, und an jetzo mit ein hundert und drey eigenen Melodeyen … gestellet, the Becker Psalter, Op. 5. Samuel Scheidt, composed two settings of the hymn, SSWV 505 and 570, for soprano and organ in the Tabulatur-Buch hundert geistlicher Lieder und Psalmen of 1650.
|
|
The aim of the association is to provide support to Railway Undertakings (RUs) in their international activities (both for freight and passengers) and increase the efficiency of the Infrastructure Managers’ processes. Together, the Members of RailNetEurope are working on the harmonisation of international rail transport conditions and procedures in the field of international rail infrastructure management – which are very different in Europe – whilst introducing a corporate approach to promote the European railway business for the benefit of the entire rail industry across Europe.
|
|
The proposed African Medicines Agency (AMA) is a continuation of existing medical regulatory harmonisation efforts in the continent. Across Africa it is estimated that only 3% of required drugs are produced. The roughly 375 medicine manufacturers on the continent produce only 10-30% of drugs used in Africa. Another challenge is the proliferation of substandard and counterfeit medical products. Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 42% of reports for such deficient medicines received by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 2013.
|
|
This was changed in 2017. Before this the union was known as the Royal Australian Nursing Federation, Queensland Branch, Union of Employees. This royal title was assumed, like other branches of the federation, in 1956 to mark the Queen's visit to Australia. The QNMU is affiliated with the Queensland Council of Unions, and in the late 1980s signed a "harmonisation" agreement with the then ANF which recognised members of the then QNU as members of the Queensland Branch of the ANF.
|
|
Moshe ben Yonatan Galante (1621 – 4 February 1689 Jerusalem), grandson of Moshe Galante, was a 17th-century rabbi at Jerusalem. He served as the first Rishon Le'Zion and was called Magen (מגן) with reference to the initials of his name. Hezekiah da Silva was among his disciples. He wrote Zebaḥ ha- Shelamim, a harmonisation of contradictory Biblical passages and of Biblical with Talmudical statements (edited by his grandson Moses Ḥagis, Amsterdam, 1707–08), and Ḳorban Ḥagigah, halakic and kabalistic novellæ (Venice, 1714).
|
|
In clinical research, the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) defines SOPs as "detailed, written instructions to achieve uniformity of the performance of a specific function". SOPs usually get applied in pharmaceutical processing and for related clinical studies. There the focus is always set on repeated application of unchanged processes and procedures and its documentation, hence supporting the segregation of origins, causes and effects. Further application is with triage, when limited resources get used according to an assessment on ranking, urgence and staffing possibilities.
|
|
Tanzania receives external support from several donor agencies. They are organised in the Development Partners Group (DPG) which aims to improve donor harmonisation and aid effectiveness. Sector dialogue between DPG and the Ministries responsible for water is carried out through four thematic working groups that cover water, sanitation and hygiene issues.Development Partners Group Tanzania The five major donors in the Tanzanian water and sanitation sector are: the African Development Bank, the European Commission, Germany, the Netherlands and the World Bank.
|
|
The detailed rules for end-use wiring followed for practical purposes are those of BS 7671 Requirements for Electrical Installations. (IET Wiring Regulations), currently in its 18th edition, which provide the detailed descriptions referred to by legislation. UK electrical wiring standards are largely harmonised with the regulations in other European countries and the international IEC 60446 standard. However, there are a number of specific national practices, habits and traditions that differ significantly from other countries, and which in some cases survived harmonisation.
|
|
843 Johann Sebastian Bach used the hymn, with the Zahn 4441a melody, in his chorale cantata , composed in 1724 for the 17th Sunday after Trinity.BWV2a (1998), p. 481 He used three stanzas of the original text, the first as a chorale fantasia, the third with the solo soprano singing, and he closed the work with a four-part setting of the final stanza. The chorale harmonisation BWV 256 is another setting of the hymn by Bach, using the same melody.
|
|
MEP Reda at informal meeting in Washington, DC, concerning copyright issues in the United States. She has declared that copyright reform will be her focus for the legislative term. In November 2014, Reda was named rapporteur of the Parliament's review of 2001's Copyright Directive. Her draft report recommended the EU-wide harmonisation of copyright exceptions, a reduction in term length, broad exceptions for educational purposes and a strengthening of authors' negotiating position in relation to publishers, among other measures.
|
|
RIDE is a project that aims to provide a solid foundation for the action plans of eHealth Communication COM 356. It begun on 01/01/06 and ended on 31/12/07. Through research and development into the interoperability of eHealth systems, meaningful recommendations can be made for actions at a European level. The lack of complete harmonisation between clinical practice, terminology and EHR systems have highlighted that there is an unrealistic expectation in developing a single universally clinical data model.
|
|
There has long been speculation about the possibility of the European Union eventually becoming a fiscal union. In the wake of the European sovereign debt crisis, calls for closer fiscal ties, possibly leading to some sort of fiscal union have increased; though it is generally regarded as implausible in the short term, some analysts regard fiscal union as a long-term necessity. While stressing the need for coordination, governments have rejected talk of fiscal union or harmonisation in this regard.
|
|
During his short tenure as Minister of Finance, Lafontaine was a main bogeyman of UK Eurosceptics. This was because, among other things, he had called for the prompt tax harmonisation of the European Union, which would have resulted in an increase in UK taxes. In 1998, English tabloid "The Sun" called Lafontaine "Europe's most dangerous man". On 11 March 1999, he resigned from all his official and party offices, claiming that "lack of cooperation" in the cabinet had become unbearable.
|
|
Good clinical practice (GCP) is an international quality standard, which governments can then transpose into regulations for clinical trials involving human subjects. GCP follows the International Council on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), and enforces tight guidelines on ethical aspects of clinical research. High standards are required in terms of comprehensive documentation for the clinical protocol, record keeping, training, and facilities, including computers and software. Quality assurance and inspections ensure that these standards are achieved.
|
|
Two convergence schemes for the American Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighter as shown in a 1945 manual. The top scheme shows a diamond pattern which narrows to about 10 feet (3 m) wide at a range of . The bottom scheme converges the eight guns into a point at about . Early in World War II, the British were in favour of "pattern harmonisation", a shotgun-like tactic which disperses the fire of multiple guns to gain a greater chance of a hit.
|
|
Wellington to Shrewsbury East Kilbride to Glasgow National Rail should not be confused with Network Rail. National Rail is a brand used to promote passenger railway services, and providing some harmonisation for passengers in ticketing, while Network Rail is the organisation which owns and manages most of the fixed assets of the railway network, including tracks, stations and signals. The two generally coincide where passenger services are run. Most major Network Rail lines also carry freight traffic and some lines are freight only.
|
|
Fauxbourdon (also fauxbordon, and also commonly two words: faux bourdon or faulx bourdon, and in Italian falso bordone) – French for false drone – is a technique of musical harmonisation used in the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, particularly by composers of the Burgundian School. Guillaume Dufay was a prominent practitioner of the form (as was John Dunstaple), and may have been its inventor. The homophony and mostly parallel harmony allows the text of the mostly liturgical lyrics to be understood clearly.
|
|
In January 2017 Kazakhstan's President proposed a reform aimed at delegating some of the President's powers to the Parliament. This initiative is expected to create a stronger system of checks and balances in Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is a member of the Hague Conference on Private International Law (HCCH) since May 2017. The HCCH is aimed at promoting the harmonisation of conflict of laws principles in diverse subject matters within private international law, which contributes to the promotion of rule of law.
|
|
The EFR deals in particular with the global G20 agenda, regulation and supervision, consumer protection and pensions. Current priorities are the Growth & Investment Agenda, the Digital Agenda & Cyber Security, Sustainable Finance & Climate Change, Prudential Regulation The EFR has published, inter alia, positions, reports and press releases on those priority issues as well as on a wide range of topics such as European retail market, G20 agenda, the integration of pensions in Europe, harmonisation of regulation and supervision and consumer protection.
|
|
The most fundamental of them is the Declaration of Helsinki. The International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) works on the creation of rules and guidelines for the development of new medication, such as the guidelines for Good Clinical Practice (GCP). All ideas of regulation are based on a country's ethical standards code. This is why treatment of a particular disease in one country may not be allowed, but is in another.
|
|
The commentators instead wrote prose commentaries on the texts (rather like lectures,) working through, book by book, through the Digest. Rather than simply taking individual Roman law texts at face value, making it useful for practical application involved considering the rationale and principles behind the law. Certain areas were thus not considered at all, for example, Bartolus makes no attempt to consider culpa. However, this general approach produced a far more sophisticated law and enabled harmonisation between Roman law and local law.
|
|
The main areas of work are: Collective Bargaining Policy, Industrial Policy, Company Policy and the Social Dialogue. Collective Bargaining Policy includes the coordination of wage policy, the harmonisation of working time policy and the joint approach to training policy through collective agreement. The EMF also plays an active role in intersectoral negotiations at a European level. Industrial Policy focuses on keeping and developing a strong manufacturing base in Europe and future employment interests of workers in the European metal industry.
|
|
The EU has played a substantial role in this field to induce and encourage the ease of transfer & realisation of assets and liquidity within markets. The provisions are well adapted to short term transactions such as repos or derivatives. Further harmonisation rules pertaining to commercial conflict of laws matters were clarified. The additional Geneva Securities Convention set by UNIDROIT provides a basic framework for minimum harmonised provisions governing rights conferred by the credit of securities to an account with an intermediary.
|
|
The European Society of Radiology (ESR) is an international medical society based in Vienna, Austria dedicated to the promotion and coordination of scientific, philanthropic, intellectual and professional activities of radiology in Europe. In addition to various other activities, the ESR serves as an umbrella organisation for European radiologists, organises the annual European Congress of Radiology (ECR) and coordinates the publication of European Radiology, a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal. Additionally, the ESR pilots the harmonisation of teaching programmes throughout Europe with various activities and initiatives.
|
|
In October 2010 he returned to Maastricht to found the Maastricht European Private Law Institute (M-EPLI). Smits is known for his critical view of the European harmonisation process; he is also a fierce believer in legal science as an international discipline. He held visiting positions at a number of foreign institutions, including Tulane University Law School, the University of Leuven, the University of Liège, Louisiana State University and the Penn State Dickinson School of Law. Jan Smits is a member of the Ius Commune Research School.
|
|
The Legislation Commission, chaired by Dr David Hammond, represents the worldwide Juice Sector interests as an NGO at government and international organisations. It acts as a regulatory information centre and supports harmonisation of international regulatory standards and practices across the juice sector. The Methods of Analysis Commission, chaired by Mikko Hofsommer of GfL in Berlin, has as its primary mission to create and standardise methods of analysis, specifically for processed fruit and vegetable products. Most of the published IFU methods are listed as official methods in codex.
|
|
1950s: focus on creation of international nuclear institutions IAEA 1957; NEA 1957 1960s: focus on radiation protection and civil liability IAEA basic safety standards; Paris/Vienna Conventions 1970s: focus on non-proliferation and physical protection NPT, CPPNM 1980s/1990s: Focus on safety in reaction to TMI and Chernobyl Conventions on Emergency Assistance, Early Notification, CNS, Joint Convention 2000s: Focus on security in reaction to 9/11 and other terrorist acts and moves to international harmonisation Revision of CPPNM, Convention on Nuclear Terrorism, IAEA Revised Reactor Safety Levels.
|
|
The ICPDR serves as a platform for cooperation and coordination . The signing of the Convention, however, commits the countries under international law to some specific actions and to uphold certain principles. In some past disputes, the ICPDR was able to contribute towards the harmonisation of efforts by providing a platform for discussion. The Convention provides a dispute settlement mechanism, but in practice this has not been necessary thus far, as the countries concerned have worked to ensure dialogue and developed consensus on issues of conflict.
|
|
For this reason it may not be possible or suitable to create a uniform code to cover the entire European Union. As previously stated, contract law is perhaps the most suited for harmonisation, followed by other areas of the law of obligations and the law of property. The creation of individual codes for discrete areas of private law is considered the most feasible and realistic goal. For this reason efforts have concentrated on creating a unified European contract law before attempting a more comprehensive European civil code.
|
|
A good part of EWF's activities have been related to its participation in European cooperation projects, in particular under the European Commission's programmes such as Lifelong Learning 2007-2013, 7th Framework Programme, Erasmus+ and H2020. Project focus on modernisation of teaching methods, harmonisation of qualifications, support for learning, implementation and benchmark to other teaching areas and cover a variety of areas like additive manufacturing, health and safety, microbonding, laser processing and adhesives that go beyond welding and joining but target manufacturing as a whole.
|
|
Until the ascent of the Bourbon monarchy in Spain in 1700, each region of Spain had its own system of measurement. The new Bourbon monarchy tried to centralise control and with it the system of measurement. There were debates regarding the desirability of retaining the Castilian units of measure or, in the interests of harmonisation, adopting the French system. Although Spain assisted Méchain in his meridian survey, the Government feared the French revolutionary movement and reinforced the Castilian units of measure to counter such movements.
|
|
In the European integration process, Luxembourg saw itself as both a mediator and a builder. When the Single Market came into force on 1 January 1993, this opened new perspectives for the Luxembourgish economy, which depended almost entirely on foreign markets. However, economic integration also presented dangers. During EC negotiations, the Luxembourgish government opposed a harmonisation of indirect taxation, which would have been harmful to cross-border trade; and also opposed a withholding tax, which would have seen capital flee from the Luxembourg financial centre.
|
|
Harold Wilson's Labour Party won the October 1974 United Kingdom general election, with a manifesto promising a referendum on continued British membership of the EEC. Wilson negotiated a number of concessions from the EEC regarding the Common Agricultural Policy, the level of British contribution to the EEC budget, harmonisation of VAT regulations, ongoing Economic and Monetary Union and the maintenance of parliamentary sovereignty. Wilson announced a referendum on continued British membership of the EEC on 7 January 1975 to be held on 5 June.
|
|
A drawback of harmonisation was that guns worked effectively in a limited zone, so targets closer or farther away from the zone were not damaged as much, or were completely missed. The rounds would diverge further apart after passing through the convergence point. The convergence of multiple guns was a common practice from the 1930s to the 1950s, especially in World War II. Military aircraft from the 1960s onward generally did not carry guns in the wings, so convergence was not as much of a concern.
|
|
The final report, "Strengthening for Purpose: Australian Charities and Not-for-Profits Legislation Commission Review 2018", made 30 recommendations relating to functions, powers, governance, basic religious charities, secrecy, advocacy, criminal misconduct, harmonisation of fundraising, one-stop-shop, and a national scheme for charities. The Australian Government response in March 2020 implemented 19 of the recommendations. Current and recent roles He is a member of the NSW Government, Office of Social Impact Investment Expert Advisory Group. He is a director of the Institute of Strategic Management.
|
|
SITPRO Limited was a UK non-departmental public body that was constituted as a limited company and was focused on the removal of barriers to international trade through the simplification and harmonisation of trade procedures. Based in London, SITPRO was dedicated to encouraging and helping business trade more effectively and to simplifying the international trading process. It was closed as part of government cut-backs in September 2010. SITPRO was formerly the Simpler Trade Procedures Board, set up in 1970 as the UK's trade facilitation agency.
|
|
The chorale harmonisations BWV 250–438 were probably all extracted from lost larger vocal works. For six of them the work they have been derived from has been identified. Bach's chorale harmonisations are all for a four-part choir (SATB), but Riemenschneider's and Terry's collections contain one 5-part SSATB choral harmonisation (Welt, ade! ich bin dein müde, Riemenscheider No. 150, Terry No. 365), not actually by Bach, but used by Bach as the concluding chorale to cantata Wer weiß, wie nahe mir mein Ende, BWV 27.
|
|
Fourteen referendums were held in Switzerland in 1977.Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, pp1924–1925 The first three were held on 13 March on popular initiatives on foreign infiltration, limiting naturalisation and changing the rules on referendums on treaties (which also had a counter-proposal). All three were rejected, whilst the counter-proposal was approved.Nohlen & Stöver, p1924 The next two were held on 12 June on changes to sales tax and direct federal taxation (rejected) and on tax harmonisation (approved).
|
|
MMF also acts towards the harmonisation of national and international standards of safety in microwave electromagnetic radiation used in mobile communications. In the regulatory policy field, MMF represents the mobiles industry at an international level and helps with local issues and demands. MMF's site has a plethora of publicly available documents, white papers, articles, and newsletters regarding the issue of EMF and health. The MMF also operates the Global Accessibility Reporting Initiative (GARI) to aid consumers in identifying devices with accessibility features such as hearing aid comparability.
|
|
In expert events and articles, ADAC has taken position on issues such as road safety, transport law, transport policy and traffic planning as well as on environmental protection issues. In 2006, ADAC published a series of critical press releases on the issue of driving licence shopping – i.e. getting licensed in another country after having one's driving licence revoked in one’s home country – and advocated the speedy harmonisation of driver licensing in Europe. ADAC also offers driver safety training at 11 driver safety centres and 40 training facilities nationwide.
|
|
Several scholars have argued that the sayings in Thomas reflect conflations and harmonisations dependent on the canonical gospels. For example, saying 10 and 16 appear to contain a redacted harmonisation of , and . In this case it has been suggested that the dependence is best explained by the author of Thomas making use of an earlier harmonised oral tradition based on Matthew and Luke.Klyne R. Snodgrass, "The Gospel of Thomas: A Secondary Gospel" in The Historical Jesus:Critical Concepts in Religious Studies. Volume 4: Lives of Jesus and Jesus outside the Bible.
|
|
The work-plan of the Office of the Secretary General's Envoy on Youth responds to the UN Secretary-General’s Five-year Action Agenda, and is guided by the World Programme of Action for Youth. It outlines 4 priority areas; Participation, Advocacy, Partnerships and Harmonisation. In addition, the focus of the Envoy's office is placed on employment and civic engagement while ensuring the integration of a gender perspective across all work areas. In parallel, the Envoy's office supports the Education First Initiative and the planned activities in relation to youth and education.
|
|
The Committee on Development (CD) of the EP commissioned the Overseas Development Institute to undertake a project on the effectiveness of international development assistance from the European Commission in 2010.Alina Rocha Menocal (2010) How effective is European Commission aid on the ground? Overseas Development Institute The project focused on the cases of Cambodia, Mozambique and Peru. The findings and policy suggested can be summarized as follows: # Harmonisation and alignment (H&A;) is crucial for state capacity and should be expanded from sharing and spreading information to increasing joint activities in the short-term.
|
|
The African Medicines Agency (AMA) is a proposed specialised agency of the African Union (AU) intended to facilitate the harmonisation of medical regulation throughout the African Union. Following a similar model to that of the European Medicines Agency, it is intended to have a wide scope covering medicines, traditional medicine, and medical devices. The AMA is the latest step in efforts by the AU and regional African bodies to improve medical capacity in the continent. Such efforts are intended to address a deficiency in drug production and challenges posed by counterfeit and substandard products.
|
|
In 1930, the Sveriges Scoutförbund and the KFUM:s Scoutförbund founded the Svenska Scoutunionen (Swedish Scout Union) as an umbrella organisation aiming at the external representation of Swedish Scouting and at the harmonisation of the Scout programme. The Girl Guides followed in 1931 with the foundation of Sveriges Flickscoutråd (Girl Guide Council of Sweden). In the 1960s, Swedish Scouting and Guiding became co- educational. Sveriges Scoutförbundet and Sveriges Flickors Scoutförbund merged into Svenska Scoutförbundet in 1960, and KFUM:s Scoutförbund and Sveriges KFUK:s Scoutförbund formed the KFUK-KFUMs Scoutförbund in 1966.
|
|
Since the 2000s, the government had sought to liberalise the domestic automotive industry through free-trade agreements, privatisation and harmonisation of UN regulations. The Malaysian automotive industry is Southeast Asia's sole pioneer of indigenous car companies, namely Proton and Perodua. In 2002, Proton helped Malaysia become the 11th country in the world with the capability to fully design, engineer and manufacture cars from the ground up. The Malaysian automotive industry also hosts several domestic- foreign joint venture companies, which assemble a large variety of vehicles from imported complete knock down (CKD) kits.
|
|
Indonesia currently enjoys trade preferences with the EU under the generalized scheme of preferences which grants product imports into the European Union either duty-free access or tariff reductions. At present, almost 40 per cent of Indonesia’s 13 billion Euros exports to the EU market are eligible for preferential treatment. The EU also carries out a number of projects aimed at improving bilateral trade. The Trade Support Programme, for instance focuses on technical elements affecting the Indonesia–EU trade flows: Capacity building in WTO for Indonesian officials, harmonisation of EU Standards, improving of technical laboratories.
|
|
The Directive required the member states to pass laws by no later than 12 June 2007 incorporating it into their own internal national law by 12 December 2007. However, until at least 12 June 2013, Member States will continue to be able to apply more protective national rules diverging from European directives insofar as it is necessary and proportionate to do so (Article 3(5)), meaning that maximum harmonisation may not be complete before that date. There will be a major review of the operation of the Directive by 12 June 2011 (Article 18).
|
|
The album is medieval-themed, featuring a blend of progressive rock, folk, and hard rock, and is considered a landmark album in the progression of twin-lead guitar harmonisation later adopted by bands such as Thin Lizzy and Iron Maiden. The sound engineer on Argus was Martin Birch, who also worked with Deep Purple, later with Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden and other hard rock bands. The bulk of the lyrics were provided by bassist/lead vocalist Martin Turner, although all members are credited with the music and arrangements.
|
|
The Regulatory Affairs Journal Pharma (RAJ Pharma) is an English language international pharmaceutical information and analysis service published by Informa plc. First published as a monthly print magazinel in 1992, it includes articles covering worldwide regulatory affairs within the pharmaceutical industry. The journal has now developed into an online global business intelligence and analysis service. It provides daily news and analysis of developments in regulation of the pharmaceutical industry worldwide, including regulatory agencies and legislation, application requirements and guidelines, patents and intellectual property, research and development, international harmonisation, paediatric legislation, pharmacovigilance and pharmacoeconomics.
|
|
See also the report of the ministerial meeting on rationalisation of the RECs , March 2006 At the July 2007 Accra summit the AU Assembly adopted a Protocol on Relations between the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities.Decision on the Protocol on Relations between the African Union and the Regional Economic Communities (RECs), Assembly/AU/Dec.166 (IX); text available on the AfriMAP website This protocol is intended to facilitate the harmonisation of policies and ensure compliance with the Abuja Treaty and Lagos Plan of Action time frames.
|
|
Upon returning from Germany, from 1839 and to the end of his life, Cimze headed Vidzeme Teachers' Seminary where he taught future teachers the conducting of choirs and harmonisation of folk songs. Cimze followed the principles of Johann Pestalozzi and Adolph Diesterweg and all education was conducted in German. During his forty-two years of work at the Teachers' Seminary Cimze educated more than four hundred students who subsequently became Latvian and Estonian teachers. Being a teacher in the 19th century meant being also an educator, a musician, a literary and public figure.
|
|
However, since their 1968 meetings, the finance ministers of the EEC were considering a plan to harmonise the taxation of movements of capital. This proposition encountered vehement opposition from Pierre Werner. Conscious of the danger that the levelling of tax conditions posed to the fledgling financial centre, the Minister of Finances proposed instead to give priority to monetary harmonisation. In the event, the difficulties of the pound sterling and the French franc would turn the attention of European finance ministers' away from the Luxembourgish financial centre, and put monetary questions on the back- burner.
|
|
One of the objectives of T2S is to reduce the cost of securities settlement in Europe, in particular for transactions across EU countries, which can be ten times more expensive than domestic transactions. In addition, banks will be able to optimise their collateral (finance) and liquidity management."Survey on the Benefits of TARGET2-Securities", Clearstream. The T2S settlement platform is also a step towards a single market for financial services. The T2S project will be a catalyst for further harmonisation of post-trade practices and regulations across Europe.
|
|
The institute, based in Basel since 1994, is directed by Dr. Michael S. Krzemnicki, who also lectures at the University of Basel. The laboratory was recognised by the International Confederation of Jewellers and Goldsmiths (CIBJO) in 1978 and is also a member of the International Colored Stone Association (ICA) and the Laboratory Manual Harmonisation Committee (LMHC). The SSEF introduced a full gem treatment disclosure policy in 1998, published in a book called "SSEF Standards & Applications for Diamond Reports, Gemstone Reports and Test Reports".Journal of Gemmology, 1999, vol.
|
|
The Royal Air Force (RAF) tried various patterns of gun harmonisation, with the convergence area taking the form of a rectangle or a circle. In December 1939, No. 111 Squadron RAF adjusted its Hurricanes to fire into a wide rectangle that was at . This was referred to as the "Dowding spread" because Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding advocated such a large pattern to make it more likely that a mediocre fighter pilot would obtain a hit. The pattern converged further with distance, tightening the most at about or even , the latter reported by Len Deighton.
|
|
As it always had, friction developed and increased between the component parts of South Africa. After Vereeniging, a compromise had been reached on railway harmonisation and customs union, but, with its architect, Lord Milner, out of the picture, a new agreement had to be reached. Although treated, politically, as parts of one whole, the Transvaal and the three colonies could not be more dissimilar. All of South Africa's wealth came from the Transvaal, whilst the three colonies would have been destitute without the Transvaal's need for support services.
|
|
Such ordering power, which belongs to deities but also to humans, expresses itself in rites ( lǐ). They are the means by which alignment between the forces of the starry sky, of earthly phenomena, and the acts of human beings (the three realms of Heaven- Earth-humanity, Tiāndìrén), is established. Such harmonisation is referred to as "centring" ( yāng or zhōng). Rituals may be performed by government officials, family elders, popular ritual masters and Taoists, the latter cultivating local gods to centre the forces of the universe upon a particular locality.
|
|
Crimond Parish Church While Rev Irvine was serving at Crimond Church, his teenage daughter Jessie was undertaking training as an organist at the nearby town of Banff. According to some accounts, she composed a tune in 1871 for the metrical version of Psalm 23, "The Lord's my Shepherd", in the Scottish Psalter as an exercise for a composition class. The setting was first performed at evening worship at Auchterless Parish Church. Dissatisfied with her own harmonisation, Jessie asked David Grant, a musician from Aberdeen, to reharmonise it for her.
|
|
It also provided for the Court of First Instance (now known as the General Court) to be based in Luxembourg City with the Court of Justice, which remained there. However, this agreement dropped the provision from the 1965 decision, which gave priority to Luxembourg City for any new judicial and financial bodies. In response, Luxembourg attached a unilateral declaration stating it did not renounce this article. However they did renounce any claim to the seat of the judicial Boards of Appeal of the Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market via the Treaty of Nice.
|
|
The Framework Decision takes note of Convention on Cybercrime, but concentrates on the harmonisation of substantive criminal law provisions that are designed to protect infrastructure elements. Commonwealth In 2002, the Commonwealth of Nations presented a model law on cybercrime that provides a legal framework to harmonise legislation within the Commonwealth and enable international cooperation. The model law was intentionally drafted in accordance with the Convention on Cybercrime. ECOWAS The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is a regional group of west African Countries founded in 1975 it has fifteen member states.
|
|
In his choral works, Bach used the melody in his cantata Es reißet euch ein schrecklich Ende, BWV 90 (1723), the chorale cantata Nimm von uns, Herr, du treuer Gott, BWV 101 (1724) and cantata Herr, deine Augen sehen nach dem Glauben, BWV 102 (1726), and stanza 4 () in his St John Passion (1724) (BWV 416 is an earlier version of the same harmonisation). Felix Mendelssohn included the melody in his Sixth Organ Sonata. Max Reger composed a chorale prelude as No. 39 of his 52 Chorale Preludes, Op. 67 in 1902.
|
|
For instance, the Canadian Tri-Council Policy Statement endorses it; whereas, the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) does not. With regard to clinical equipoise in practice, there is evidence that industry-funded studies disproportionately favor the industry product, suggesting unfavorable conditions for clinical equipoise. In contrast, a series of studies of national cancer institute funded trials suggests an outcome pattern consistent with clinical equipoise.Djulbegovic, B. (2009) The Paradox of Equipoise: The Principle That Drives and Limits Therapeutic Discoveries in Clinical Research.
|
|
It was his efforts that led to the creation of the Centro de Estudos sobre a Integração Regional (CEDIR), a small investigation unit working on the harmonisation of the law in the SADC member states. In 2009, Cistac received the French order of merit Ordre des Palmes Académiques in the rank of a knight (Chevalier) for his work on decentralisation in Mozambique. The "Ordre des Palmes Académiques" is the highest French order of merit in the science area. In 2010 Cistac acquired the Mozambican citizenship additionally to his French citizenship.
|
|
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions of 17 June 2008 – Policy Plan on Asylum: An integrated approach to protection across the EU [COM(2008) 360 final – Not published in the Official Journal]. is a policy plan that provides the road-map for completing the second phase of the Common European Asylum System (CEAS). It is based on a three-pronged strategy that focuses on the harmonisation of protection standards, practical cooperation and solidarity.
|
|
The extensive practice of mhealth research has sparked criticism, for example on the proliferation of fragmented pilot studies in low- and middle-income countries, which is also referred to as "pilotitis." The extent of un-coordindated pilot studies prompted for instance the Ugandan Director General Health Services Dr Jane Ruth Aceng in 2012 to issue a notice that, "in order to jointly ensure that all eHealth efforts are harmonized and coordinated, I am directing that ALL eHealth projects/Initiatives be put to halt."Republic of Uganda. (2012). Coordination and harmonisation of eHealth initiatives [circular ADM 45/273/01].
|
|
In both substance and procedure, Cyprus administrative law draws from the example of the French Conseil d'état. In matters of constitutional and administrative law, the Supreme Court adopts the inquisitorial system found in continental law, whereby the court also contributes to identifying the legal and factual questions that need to be ascertained during the procedure. The latest development in Cypriot law has been the accession of Cyprus to the European Union which has caused the harmonisation of Cypriot statutes and case law with the acquis communautaire and also introduced a number of European Union legal instruments into the Cypriot legal order.
|
|
Irish copyright law is subject to EU directive 2001/29/EC – Harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society, most of the provisions of which were transposed into Irish law under the Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000. Irish copyright law was brought into further compliance with the EU directive by the amendment act European Communities (Copyright and Related Rights) Regulations 2004. The 2000 Act repeals much earlier Irish copyright law, but not all. Related acts are referenced in section 10 of the 2000 Act, and these may also be accessed online in the Irish Statute Book.
|
|
"Strawberry Fields Forever" was originally written on acoustic guitar in the key of C major. The recorded version is approximately in B major; owing to manipulation of the recording speed, the finished version is not in standard pitch (some, for instance, consider that the tonic is A). The song begins with a flute-like introduction played on Mellotron, and involves a I–ii–I–VII–IV progression. The vocals enter with the chorus instead of a verse. It has "non- diatonic chords and secondary dominants" combining with "chromatic melodic tension intensified through outrageous harmonisation and root movement".
|
|
Indeed, a template for such a system already existed, in the form of the 1921 Belgian and Luxembourgish customs and monetary union. Support for the proposals by the French centre-left came from a range of prestigious figures. Many eminent economists, aware that the economic race-to- the-bottom between states was creating ever greater instability, supported the view: these included John Maynard Keynes. The French political scientist and economist Bertrand Jouvenel remembered a widespread mood after 1924 calling for a "harmonisation of national interests along the lines of European union, for the purpose of common prosperity".
|
|
Consequently, as a next step EACC member Nations decided in June 2003 to further develop this cell by increasing the mission scope and responsibility. The European Airlift Centre (EAC) was established, which indeed on paper received an increased responsibility over the planning of air transport requests and additionally in the field of harmonisation of air transport related regulations. However the political will to transfer adequate levels of authority towards the EAC to fulfil these additional tasks was not strong enough. Therefore, France and Germany agreed on the next step expressing their aspiration for the creation of a multinational air transport command.
|
|
The addition of the Armenian duduk (or ney) heightens the Eastern atmosphere, and its deep double-reeded sound adds a richer, more resonant dimension to the work than can perhaps be achieved using orchestra alone. Alongside the duduk, Jenkins features percussion from the Middle East, such as the darabuca, def, doholla, and riq. The first movement is an extended variation of a piece from Adiemus, Cantus: Song of Tears, using the same format (with soft introduction preceding the main melody) and harmonisation. The seventh movement, "And The Mother Did Weep," adapts "Amaté Adea," the seventh movement of the first Adiemus album.
|
|
It is expected the body would work closely with the existing Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. The AMU is viewed as important due to the development of the African Continental Free Trade Area, which is expected to develop into the African Economic Community by 2028. Regional regulatory harmonisation within the East African Community, developed under the AMRH, was based on a free trade agreement within that grouping. Hurdles facing the creation and effectiveness of the AMA include a lack of a common legal framework throughout the AU, and potential conflicts of interest related to funding.
|
|
That's why some anti federalist politicians fear that the European Commission will use LuxLeaks to push for tax harmonisation. In October 2015, European finance ministers evaluated the system of automatic exchange of information on tax rulings between Member States administrations, leaving however the European Commission and the public in general outside of this information exchange. The automatic exchange of information on advance tax ruling between Member States' tax administrations is effective since 1 January 2017. The European Commission made a second move on 17 June 2015 by presenting an "Action Plan for Fair and Efficient Corporate Taxation in the EU".
|
|
The answer, which the lawyer had to give himself, was the commandment to love God and your neighbour. This, the Great Commandment, is the text of the first movement. Accordingly, the following text is divided in two parts, one recitative and aria dealing with the love of God, and a symmetrical part handling the love of the neighbour. The cantata's last movement is a four-part harmonisation of the "Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein" hymn tune: this tune, Zahn No. 4431, was first published in Erfurt in 1524 and is based on a pre–Reformation model.
|
|
The area of freedom, security and justice (AFSJ) is a collection of home affairs and justice policies designed to ensure security, rights and free movement within the European Union (EU). Areas covered include the harmonisation of private international law, extradition arrangements between member states, policies on internal and external border controls, common travel visa, immigration and asylum policies and police and judicial cooperation. As internal borders have been removed within the EU, cross-border police cooperation has had to increase to counter cross-border crime. Some notable projects related to the area are the European Arrest Warrant, the Schengen Area and Frontex patrols.
|
|
Jessie was a keen musician and was undergoing training as an organists at the nearby town of Banff. According to some accounts, she composed the tune in 1871 as an exercise for a composition class and it was first performed at evening worship at Auchterless Parish Church. Dissatisfied with her own harmonisation, she asked David Grant, a musician from Aberdeen, to reharmonise it for her. At the time, Grant was collaborating with a group of associates compiling hymns and metrical psalms from across the North of Scotland with the intention of publishing them in a new hymnal.
|
|
According to the critic Anthony Burton, the effect of the movement is broad and powerful: the breadth coming from "slow-moving harmonies over Sibelius-like long-held bass notes and timpani rolls" and the power from "urgently repeated ostinato figures, blazing dissonances, and sonorous scoring". The tension of the first section of the movement relaxes slightly for the second subject, which is a little slower, building to a climax of fiercely repeated notes. The central development section reprises the opening idea very quietly, slowly increasing the intensity. The movement ends with the return of the first theme, this time with more orthodox harmonisation.
|
|
The administration building at Gong Badak campus The university operates with two campuses in the city of Kuala Terengganu which are the Medical Campus and the Gong Badak Campus, another two campus in Besut (Tembila Campus) and Kuala Lumpur (UniSZA International Campus) respectively. The Gong Badak Campus focuses on the teaching and research of Islamic knowledge and its harmonisation with other professional courses such as Accountancy, Law, Language, Design and Technology, Social Sciences, and Health Sciences. While the Medical Campus offers Medical and Nursing programs. The Tembila Campus was developed with a niche in Biotechnology, Bioresources, Food Industry, IT and Computering.
|
|
Alfred Jean Baptiste Lemaire (1842-1907), then the Director of Music in the Persian army, was the first to compose Persian music for piano based on the classical European rules. He primarily drew upon the Iranian form of playing the Piano, but, with incorporating classical composing methods of harmonisation and variation, broke free from it at the same time. Such integration sounded uncanny and unauthentic to the Iranian musician and in their works they had tried to stay away of that. Lemaire's book, titled Avaz et Tasnif Persans, covered four of Dastgahs published in Paris and was enthusiastically received in Europe.
|
|
European Union legislation from 2001 required harmonisation of the BP with the European Pharmacopoeia (EP), as well as the adoption of International Nonproprietary Names through directives (2001/82/EC"2001/82/EC" and 2001/83/EC,"2001/83/EC" as amended, and 2003/63/EC"2003/63/EC"). Across the EU has meant that, with the notable exception of adrenaline/epinephrine, BANs are now the same as the INNs. For example, the old BAN methicillin was replaced with the current BAN meticillin, matching the INN. This has resulted in an interesting situation in other countries that use BANs.
|
|
There have been, since the European Community was founded in 1957, a series of directives creating minimum standards for business across the European Union. A central aim restated in each Directive is to reduce the barriers to freedom of establishment of businesses in the European Union through a process of harmonising the basic laws. The object is that when laws are harmonised, business will not be deterred by different or more onerous laws, but at the same time harmonisation provides a basic level of protection for investors in each member state, none of which are forced into regulatory competition.
|
|
The Presidency was held by each state for a period of three months, rotating between them in alphabetical order. One of its key aspects was the harmonisation of the work of the High Authority and that of national governments, which were still responsible for the state's general economic policies. The Council was also required to issue opinions on certain areas of work of the High Authority. Issues relating only to coal and steel were in the exclusive domain of the High Authority, and in these areas the Council (unlike the modern Council) could only act as a scrutiny on the Authority.
|
|
Drew felt that this gave him a suitable concentration of fire over a deeper envelope of engagement distance. Night fighter wing guns of all belligerents were often set to converge at relatively close distances such as for the UK.Gustin and Williams 2003, p. 101 Night fighter tactics using wing guns called for a surreptitious approach on the tail of the enemy, surprising him with fire at a chosen distance. Strafing ground targets from the air called for a greater harmonisation distance, to give the pilot time to register hits and then quickly pull up to prevent collision with the ground or the target.
|
|
While there would be many more bumps along the way, such widespread enthusiasm marked a turning point towards British acceptance of an overseas empire of conquest. Cornwallis was immediately asked to return to India. One reform that Cornwallis had been unable to achieve was the harmonisation of pay and rank between the military forces of the company and those of the Crown. Company officers of a given rank were generally paid better than those of a comparable rank in the Crown forces, and proposals to merge their pay scales were met with resistance that bordered on mutiny.
|
|
The Primus was competitively priced, and when its front wheel drive sibling, the Adler Trumpf, appeared a few months later, the conventionally engineered Primus was seen to be priced at 250 Marks less, for the 1.5 liter base model, than the equivalent front wheel drive Trumpf. At the front the radiator on the Primus was not covered by a grill, but it did have its own chrome frame. From 1933, in a move which marked a new model year and increased component harmonisation, the Primus acquired the front radiator grill which the front-wheel drive Trumpf had used from launch.
|
|
He made a major contribution to the drafting and the parliamentary passage of the reintroduction of the French Civil and Commercial Codes by the French parliament, when the Alsace-Lorraine region, then under German rule and thus German law, returned to France. The harmonisation of the regional law with the French law was called "Lex Schuman". Schuman also investigated and patiently uncovered postwar corruption in the Lorraine steel industries and in the Alsace and the Lorraine railways, which were bought for a derisory price by the powerful and influential de Wendel family in what he called in the Parliament "a pillage".
|
|
In November 1916, as Roi de Mestre, he first exhibited, showing Impressionist paintings concerned with the effects of light. In 1917 he met Dr Charles Gordon Moffit from the Kenmore Hospital at Goulburn, with whom he was to work devising a "colour treatment" for shell-shocked soldiers by putting them in rooms painted in soothing colour combinations. De Maistre developed an interest in "colour-music", his theory of colour harmonisation based on the relationship between colours of the spectrum and notes of the musical scale. With his ordered, analytical mind, he applied the theory of music to his painting.
|
|
ContSys has been shown by the National Health Service in EnglandPresentation to ISO TC215 Working Groups 1, 3 and 8 in Kuopio, May 2011 to assist in business analysis by providing a model of how health care is organised. The Swedish national e-health approach is using ContSys as a basis for harmonisation across standards.The use of Contsys in the Swedish national e-health approach A number of governments are exploring the option of using ContSys as a harmonised concept model to enable their information models to be compatible.Minutes of CEN TC251 WG1 meeting held 27 September 2011.
|
|
Typically fired at a range of 25 yards, the rearsight can be adjusted to allow fire at 50 and 100 yards. A harmonisation setting is also provided for firing at specially designed targets. The No 8 can also be fitted with two types of sight. The more common leaf sight, allowing adjustment for elevation only, is simpler to use and more robust, but the standard of accuracy that can be achieved with this sight is lower than can be achieved with the Parker Hale PH5D sight, which allows for windage adjustment as well as elevation, in 1/4 minute-of-angle clicks.
|
|
The project to develop a regulated product submission standard was initiated on June 22, 2005. Release 1 was spearheaded by Jason Rock of GlobalSubmit, with the aim of creating one standardized submission format to support all of the FDA's electronic product submissions. The Health Level 7 message was created by leveraging existing human pharmaceutical experience, such as The International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH). RPS Release 1 provides the capability to cross-reference previously submitted material owned by the sponsor as well as append, replace and delete parts of the document lifecycle.
|
|
Some countries prohibit people who have ever had a seizure from driving. In these countries, it is common for people with epilepsy to hide their condition from authorities in order not to be denied a driver's license. Other places allow those who have had seizures to drive after a seizure-free period, which ranges from months to years. EU (European Union) harmonisation of periods of freedom from seizure means the periods shown below for EU states is wrong - now 6 months for an isolated seizure, 12 months for a second or more seizures within 5 years, whether or not antiepileptic drugs are taken.
|
|
Armenia completed negotiations for a AA in 2013 but decided not to sign the agreement, while Azerbaijan has been negotiating an AA. Both the SAA and ENP AP are based mostly on the EU's acquis communautaire and its promulgation in the co-operating states legislation. Of course the depth of the harmonisation is less than for full EU members and some policy areas may not be covered (depending on the particular state). In addition to these two policies, AAs with free-trade agreement provisions have been signed with other states and trade blocs including Chile, and South Africa.
|
|
Valuable skills include project management and organization, negotiation and communication, and the ability to learn from the experience of others, both inside and outside the organization. Continuing education and professional development are critical to the regulatory professional. Regulatory professionals must keep up to date with regulatory policies and procedures for one or more countries, as well as maintain an understanding of the scientific and technical background of healthcare products. Global aspects of regulatory affairs are taken up by organisations such as the Drug Information Association (DIA) and the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH).
|
|
In August 2006 runaway inflation forced the government to replace its existing currency with a revalued one. In December 2006, ZANU-PF proposed the "harmonisation" of the parliamentary and presidential election schedules in 2010; the move was seen by the opposition as an excuse to extend Mugabe's term as president until 2010. Morgan Tsvangirai was badly beaten on 12 March 2007 after being arrested and held at Machipisa Police Station in the Highfield suburb of Harare. The event garnered an international outcry and was considered particularly brutal and extreme, even considering the reputation of Mugabe's government.
|
|
The Office of the Secretary- General's Envoy on Youth was envisioned by Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon. On January 17, 2013, Ahmad Alhendawi became the first Youth Envoy to be appointed by the Secretary-General. As Envoy on Youth, he is responsible for several reforms on youth which includes Participation, Advocacy, Partnership and Harmonisation. The Office of the Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth through the leadership of Ahmad Alhendawi pioneered the vision of the 17 UN Young Leaders which sees individuals between the age group of 18-30 from different countries who advocate the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through their innovative work.
|
|
She was a member of the Thematic Committee I and the Systematisation and Harmonisation Committee, which contributed to the development of East Timor's Bill of Rights. When East Timor became independent in 2002, the assembly became the National Parliament of East Timor, and Corte-Real was elected secretary of the parliament. In the government sworn in in July 2005, Corte-Real was appointed Vice Minister of Primary and Secondary Education, in order to provide support to the Minister of Education at a time of conflict between church and state. In the next government formed in 2006, Corte-Real became the Minister of Education and Culture, replacing Armindo Maia.
|
|
The Regional Authority FrankfurtRheinMain is the cooperation body of the administratively fragmented Frankfurt am Main urban area and the common authority for Frankfurt am Main and its 75 neighboring communities. It manages and coordinates the regional development of Frankfurt am Main and its suburbs. It also represents the Frankfurt urban area nationally and internationally and is responsible for the strategic alignment of the local decision-making, for the development of a common regional image and an improved regional harmonisation. The authority draws up and updates the regional preparatory land use plans, local development and zoning plans, and carries out an intensive regional monitoring to coordinate the development of the urban region.
|
|
He performed with the Bombay and Calcutta orchestras in different cities of the country, being Mehli Mehta the concertmaster and Francisco Casanovas the conductor. He also collaborated in India with the Nobel Prize Laureate in Literature Rabindranath Tagore; thus, while the Indian national anthem's lyrics are Tagore's, the harmonisation is by Casanovas. He got a First Prize and the Golden Button playing the saxophone (an instrument which he had learned to play by himself in Paris) in the last edition of the International Interpretation Contest organised by Columbia Records, New York, in 1948, with his work Guajiras para saxofón y piano. He became conductor of the New York Symphonic Jazz Orchestra.
|
|
Legal metrology "concerns activities which result from statutory requirements and concern measurement, units of measurement, measuring instruments and methods of measurement and which are performed by competent bodies". Such statutory requirements may arise from the need for protection of health, public safety, the environment, enabling taxation, protection of consumers and fair trade. The International Organization for Legal Metrology (OIML) was established to assist in harmonising regulations across national boundaries to ensure that legal requirements do not inhibit trade. This harmonisation ensures that certification of measuring devices in one country is compatible with another country's certification process, allowing the trade of the measuring devices and the products that rely on them.
|
|
According to International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use Good clinical practice, all trials involving unapproved medical treatments are reviewed for ethics before the study begins. These approving groups are typically called Institutional Review Boards (IRB) in the United States, in Europe they are typically called Independent Ethics Committees (IEC). The IRB or IEC will review not only the protocol of the trial but also the way that subjects are recruited and the consent form that they sign. These groups also examine the incentives given for participation in the trial to ensure that they are not coercive.
|
|
In the UK, cargo carrying vehicles were previously defined, and are still commonly known, as HGVs (Heavy Goods Vehicles), although for harmonisation with other European Union member states, this term was officially changed to LGV (Large goods vehicle). Articulated lorries are the more common configuration of larger LGV in the UK, where a tractor unit tows a semi-trailer through a fifth wheel coupling. The drawbar configuration is a less common example of large LGV, and consists of a rigid lorry with cargo carrying capacity, which also pulls a second cargo trailer, using a drawbar link. The UK also allows the use of long 'bendy buses' for public transport.
|
|
Will it be possible for someone to read a balance sheet with a foreign chart of accounts and understand it? Will it make any difference to transfer it by computer files in standardized file formats? The EU commission has spent large efforts into the field of tax administrative harmonisation and for instance is the main intention latest version of the EU VAT directive to achieve this and to support electronic trade documents like electronic invoices better in cross border trade especially within the European Union Value Added Tax Area. But there is still a huge way to real compatible charts of accounts and international accounting information interchange.
|
|
The SWAp helps to improve the sector dialogue between the Ministry and the donors and to strengthen cross-sectoral links. A common sector policy framework, monitoring as well as a common sector program and strategy are being developed by the major donor agencies.USAID Kenya WSS Profile, Retrieved 19 April 2010 Since 2007 an Annual Water Sector Review (AWSR) is carried out which helps to foster the alignment of donor projects among other things. The Development Partners have formed the Water Sector Technical Group (WSTG) to improve co-ordination and harmonisation among themselves, as well as a Water Sector Working Group (WSWG) to co- ordinate with the government.
|
|
This included an increase in personnel, the harmonisation of the conditions of service of field and headquarters staff, the development of guidelines and standard operating procedures, and improving the partnership arrangement between the Department of Peacekeeping Operations (DPKO) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), African Union, and European Union. A 2008 capstone doctrine entitled "United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: Principles and Guidelines" incorporates and builds on the Brahimi analysis. One of the main issues that the Brahimi report identifies is the lack of coordination and planning of the Peacekeeping Operations. Also, the difference between the objectives of the Peacekeeping Operations and the resources destined to fund the missions.
|
|
Sometimes mistakenly attributed to Child, it is very different to Child's "Our Lord" window, which is reminiscent of a more traditional style of stained glass design. Although O'Brien has not received the same level of study as other members of the An Túr Gloine studio, both Virginia Teehan and Nicola Gordon Bowe have commented on her "beguiling narrative details" and "successful harmonisation of colour with The Clarke windows in the chapel". The window is divided into three registers, each containing pairs of medallions. The imagery mostly concerns the life of Christ as told ni the Gospel of John, and draws more from close readings of scripture than traditions of iconography.
|
|
The need for efficient national legal remedies was considered by the PC-R-SC from the point of view of international cooperation. Differences in legislation may impede the successful fight against more organised, international and increasingly dangerous forms of criminality. The PC-R-SC considered it necessary for member States to align their respective legislations and to adopt efficient measures to investigate offences, to take provisional measures and to confiscate the instruments and fruits of illegal activity. Although this did not entail a complete harmonisation of States’ legislation, it did require States to find ways and means to enable them to co-operate more effectively.
|
|
Zahn 6462 is the variant Johann Sebastian Bach used in Part III of his Christmas Oratorio, with the 15th stanza of Gerhardt's hymn "Fröhlich soll mein Herze springen" ("Ich will dich mit Fleiß bewahren") as text.Work and lyrics of Christmas Oratorio (Part III) at Bach Digital website This version of the melody, a simplification of the Zahn 6461 melody, was first published in 1769 as No. 143 in the second volume of Bach's four-part chorales published by Birnstiel, and is thus attributed to Bach. "Warum sollt ich mich denn grämen", BWV 422, is another four-part chorale harmonisation by Bach of the same tune.
|
|
Since the 1970s, however, the situation has changed significantly, and the Community institutions have increasingly focused on banking matters. By the 1990s, European legislation extended to cover areas such as freedom of establishment for banks and other financial institutions, harmonisation of banking supervision, accounting and a number of other subjects relevant to the business of banking. By increasingly shaping national legislation in these areas, Community directives and other legislative measures have a direct impact on the banks of the Member States, in their activities at home as well as abroad. The EBF is an obvious dialogue partner for the European institutions in laying out this legislation.
|
|
PNEUROP speaks on behalf of its members in European and international forums concerning the harmonisation of technical, normativePneurop list of publications and legislative developments in the field of compressors, vacuum pumps, pneumatic tools and allied equipment. The association is cooperating with and contributing to several ISO committees including TC 112 (Vacuum Technology) and TC 118 (Compressor). PNEUROP is committed to develop energy efficiency and environmental protection among its member organizations and members, as explained in a recent official statement.Commitment for Industry Sustainability Pneurop supports the overall sustainable energy policy objectives of the European Union and its member companies actively promote energy efficiency as part of their daily business activity.
|
|
Lutte Traditionnelle has grown in organisation and popularity throughout much of West Africa since the 1980s. Alongside national championships in many nations, several organisations have organised international tournaments, which in turn have necessitated a harmonisation of rules. International competition takes place during the Jeux de la Francophonie and since 2000, is overseen by a coordinating body which organises the African Championship of lutte traditionnelle. In 2008, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) organised its first international championship for Lutte Traditionnelle in Dakar, inviting teams from eleven nations: Senegal, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Gambia, Guinée Bissau, Togo, Liberia and la Côte d'Ivoire.
|
|
A stress was placed on the technique of Faburden, which allowed easy harmonisation according to strict rules. The captivity of James I in England from 1406 to 1423, where he earned a reputation as a poet and composer, may have led him to take English and continental styles and musicians back to the Scottish court on his release. James III founded a Chapel Royal at Restalrig near Holyrood and his son James IV refounded the Chapel Royal within Stirling Castle, with a new and enlarged choir. James IV was said to be constantly accompanied by music, but very little surviving secular music can be unequivocally attributed to his court.
|
|
Working with regulators in the European Union (the European Medicines Agency) and Japan, the FDA has furthered Quality by Design objectives through the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. The ICH Guidelines Q8 through Q11 encapsulate these unified recommendations and provide some assistance for manufacturers to implement Quality by Design into their own operations. ICH Guideline Q8 describes QbD-based drug formulation development and was first published in 2004, being subsequently revised in 2008 (Q8(R2)). The ICH Guideline Q9 describes Quality Risk Management plans, Q10 explains Pharmaceutical Quality Systems, and Q11 refer to the development of active pharmacological substances including biologicals.
|
|
In developing the associated tools, attention was paid to international harmonisation and exchange of experience, e.g. with SETAC on Life Cycle Costing, with the UNEP-SETAC Life Cycle Initiative on Social LCA, and with large corporations on application in practice. Griesshammer’s main work areas come to bear in the EcoTopTen initiative, a German campaign for sustainable products across a range of product categories. The initiative was prepared with a project designed and led by Grießhammer under commission from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), and public relations communication has been in progress since March 2005 in the form of a major information campaign.
|
|
Following on from the second railway package, the main act of the third railway package was open access for all international passenger services, including cabotage, across the railways of the EU from 1 January 2010. However, there were also reforms to rail passengers' rights (including a minimum level of compensation for delays); this applies to both international and domestic rail travel, but national governments can exempt some domestic services from this in the medium term. and harmonisation of train drivers licences. The third railway package reflects the 2001 white paper, "European transport policy for 2010", but much detailed discussion and negotiation was needed to agree the various provisions.
|
|
The European Air Transport Command (EATC) is the command centre that exercises the operational control of the majority of the aerial refueling capabilities and military transport fleets of a consortium of seven European Union (EU) member states. As of January 2015, the combined fleet under the authority of the EATC represents 75% of the European air transport capacity. Located at Eindhoven Airbase in the Netherlands, the command also bears a limited responsibility for exercises, aircrew training and the harmonisation of relevant national air transport regulations.Eindhoven regelt internationale militaire luchtvaart The command was established in 2010 with a view to provide a more efficient management of the participating nations' assets and resources in this field.
|
|
Most countries have no national standard charts of accounts, public or privately organized. In many countries, there are general guidelines, and in France the guidelines have been codified in law. The European Commission has spent a great deal of effort on administrative tax harmonisation, and this harmonization is the main focus of the latest version of the EU VAT directive, which aims to achieve better harmonization and support electronic trade documents, such as electronic invoices used in cross border trade, especially within the European Union Value Added Tax Area. However, there is still a great deal to be done to realize a standard chart of accounts and international accounting information interchange structure.
|
|
Lundmark is the author of a number of legal monographs and articles. The most well-known monographs are Charting the divide between common and civil law (OUP 2012), Talking law dictionary with CD-ROM (LexisNexis Deutschland 2007), and Power & Rights in US Constitutional Law (2d ed OUP 1999). He is also the author of Eva Braun: Her Life and Times 1912–1945 (Birch Grove Publ 2018). His most important articles include ‘Auslegung von Rechtsprechung’, Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 1-2/2020, pp 28–31, ‘Legal Science and European Harmonisation’ (2014) 130 Law Quarterly Review 68, ‘Verbose Contracts’ (2001) 49 American Journal of Comparative Law 121-132, and ‘Stare decisis (vor dem Bundesverfassungsgericht)’ (1997) 28 Rechtstheorie 315.
|
|
The repeal of the article was opposed by various groups, sparking a significant amount of controversy. The far-right Greater Romania Party (PRM), which was the largest opposition bloc in both chambers of parliament, opposed the modification of the Penal Code, arguing that the article was already too lenient and that it was damaging national pride. The party's Senator Aron Belascu stated that this "so-called harmonisation with European legislation was a fatal error" while PRM parliamentarian Dumitru Balaiet argued that Romanians are an Eastern Orthodox people and could not accept homosexuality.Romanian Chamber of Deputies Votes for Repeal of Article 200 , International Lesbian and Gay Association PNŢ-CD strongly opposed the repealing of the article.
|
|
In particular ESCOP’s scientific committee produces reviews of the therapeutic use of leading herbal medicinal products or herbal drug preparations (similar to the prior German Kommission E) based on scientific evidence and on leading expertise across Europe. The goal was to advance the scientific status of herbal medicinal products and to assist with the harmonisation of their regulatory status at the European level and thus to promote the acceptance of herbal drugs, also called phytomedicines. Besides that, the aim was to promote scientific research in the field of medicinal plants. Sinced 1992, ESCOP Herbal monographs are being published on the quality, safety and efficacy of herbal medicines, based on scientific evidence and textbooks.
|
|
On October 22, 2014, the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) produced a final concept paper titled Choosing Appropriate Estimands and Defining Sensitivity Analyses in Clinical Trials as an addendum to their E9 guidance. On 16 October 2017 ICH announced that it had published the draft addendum on defining appropriate estimands for a clinical trial/sensitivity analyses for consultation. The final addendum to the ICH E9 guidance was released on November 20, 2019. By providing a structured framework for translating the objectives of a clinical trial to a matching trial design, conduct and analysis ICH aims to improve discussions between pharmaceutical companies and regulators authorities on drug development programs.
|
|
In 2007 Heffernan was appointed Chairman of the Prime Minister's Taskforce to examine the potential and opportunities for further land and water development in Northern Australia. On 17 March 2008, Senator Heffernan announced the establishment of a Senate Inquiry looking at the implications for Australian farmers of world chemical and fertiliser supply and pricing arrangements, monopolistic and cartel behaviour and related matters. In the same month Heffernan announced the establishment of a Senate Inquiry into Meat Marketing. The Senate Standing Committee on Rural and Regional Affairs and Transport looked at the need for effective supervision of national standards and controls and the national harmonisation of regulations applying to the branding and marketing of meat.
|
|
All equipment placed on the market within the E.U. since voltage harmonisation in 1995 should operate satisfactorily at voltages within the range 230 V +/-10%. Equipment rated at 220 V should operate satisfactorily down to 200 V. By efficiently bringing supply voltages to the lower end of the statutory voltage range, voltage optimisation technology could yield average energy savings of around 13% . The higher the voltage the higher the power consumption in the case of a pure resistance load. A reduction in voltage does not affect the energy used by the domestic appliances which use resistive loads except in devices such as kettles and toasters which will take longer to do their job due to atmospheric losses.
|
|
In 1970, Turkey and the EEC agreed an Additional Protocol to the Agreement.Official Journal 1973, C113, p18 One part of the Agreement was to be financial assistance from the EEC to Turkey, including loans worth 175 million ECU during the period from 1963 to 1970. The results were mixed; EEC trade concessions to Turkey in the form of tariff quotas proved less effective than hoped, but the EEC's share in Turkish imports rose substantially during the period.Duzenli, Esra, "Free Movement of Turkish Workers in the Context of Turkey's Accession to the EU," Middle East Technical University, < The Agreement sought the free circulation of workers, establishment and services, including virtually total harmonisation with EEC policies relating to the internal market.
|
|
CV at Malian government website . Later, he worked as a consultant on finance and the economy for international organizations, including the World Bank, from 1995 to 2000, and he worked in a regional role as Public Finance Commissioner of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA)"UEMOA forges harmonisation public financing", Panapress, 4 June 2002. from 2001 to 2005. He became Technical Adviser to the UEMOA Commission, in charge of public finance and fiscal policy, in 2005. Back in Mali, Touré was appointed as Director of the Cabinet of Prime Minister Modibo Sidibé, with the rank of Minister, in January 2008;"Communiqué du Conseil des Ministres" , L'Essor, number 16,126, 31 January 2008 .
|
|
According to the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use: "Confirmatory Trials are intended to provide firm evidence in support of claims and hence adherence to protocols and standard operating procedures is particularly important; unavoidable changes should be explained and documented, and their effect examined." Basic outline of the process of a confirmatory trial # A design justification and statistical aspects such as the principal features of the planned analysis, is established as part of the initial protocol. # The confirmatory trial should be concise in addressing only a specific number of questions. # The confirmatory trial should clarify key clinical questions relevant to efficacy and/or safety clearly and definitively.
|
|
The graph prepared by Hill in his own handwriting.PRO AIR 2/2741 Note the addition in pencil at 280 yards. For more see article on Gun harmonisation In 1931 Air Vice-Marshal Hugh Dowding asked for air firing trials to be carried out to determine the accuracies that could be obtained at the faster aircraft speeds now being achieved.PRO AIR 2/625 Hand written minute (He also asked for range adjustable gun sights which Hill helped to incorporate into Barr and Stroud’s GM2.) A long series of air firing trials were carried out between 1931 and 1933 which produced large amounts of data that had to be analysed and summarised by Hill.
|
|
"Bring me my Chariot of fire" inspired the title of the film Chariots of Fire.IMDb trivia – Origin of title – Accessed 11 August 2008 A church congregation sings "Jerusalem" at the close of the film and a performance appears on the Chariots of Fire soundtrack performed by the Ambrosian Singers overlaid partly by a composition by Vangelis. One unexpected touch is that "Jerusalem" is sung in four-part harmony, as if it were truly a hymn. This is not authentic: Parry's composition was a unison song (that is, all voices sing the tune – perhaps one of the things that make it so "singable" by massed crowds) and he never provided any harmonisation other than the accompaniment for organ (or orchestra).
|
|
Fighters with central guns, mounted in the fuselage or a central gondola, typically aimed them straight ahead rather than converging them. A fighter such as the German Bf 109E "Emil" model carried a combination of central and wing guns; the wing guns were converged to a point but the central guns could always be counted upon to aim directly at the target. The British Westland Whirlwind (four 20 mm cannon) and the American Lockheed P-38 Lightning (one 20 mm cannon and four .50 in), both twin-engined fighters, carried the entirety of their gun armament in the nose, a configuration which concentrated the firepower at all distances, and did not require harmonisation.
|
|
In July 1973 German Federal Minister of Defence Georg Leber and his US counterpart James R. Schlesinger agreed upon a higher degree of standardization in main battle tanks being favourable to NATO. By integrating components already fully developed by German companies for the Leopard 2, the costs of the XM1 Abrams, U.S. prototype tank developed after the MBT-70, should be reduced. A German commission was sent to the US to evaluate the harmonisation of components between the XM1 and Leopard 2. However, by American law it was not possible for a public bidder to interfere in a procurement tender after a contract with intention of profits and deadline was awarded to companies of the private industry.
|
|
The mission of the formerly known European Chemicals Bureau (ECB) was to provide scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies on chemicals and consumer products. It co-ordinated the EU risk assessment programmes that covered the risks posed by existing substances and new substances to workers, consumers and the environment. It also developed guidance documents and tools in support of the REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) Regulation, the Testing Methods Regulation, the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), the notification of new substances, the information exchange on import and export of dangerous substances, the development and harmonisation of testing methods and the authorisation of biocides.
|
|
Nearly every country in the world has set a central public sector unit entirely devoted to the production, harmonisation and dissemination of official statistics that the public sector and the national community need to run, monitor and evaluate their operations and policies. This central statistical organisation does not produce every official statistic as other public sector organisations, like the national central bank or ministries in charge of agriculture, education or health, may be charged with producing and disseminating sector policy oriented statistical data. The statistical legislation and regulation generally attribute responsibilities and authorities according to statistical domains or functions in addition to those of the central unit. The table below lists these central statistical organisations by country.
|
|
WaterML 2.0 is an open standard of the OGC. Version 2.0 marks a harmonisation with different formats from various organisations and countries, including the Australian Water Data Transfer Format, WaterML 1.0 from the United States, XHydro from Germany, and with existing OGC formats. WaterML 2.0 was adopted as an official standard by the OGC in September 2012,, OGC press release, CSIRO press release endorsed by the US Federal Geographic Data Committee,, FGDC press release and has been proposed for adoption by the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO)., WMO, Resolution 3, Commission for Hydrology session November 2012 - Abridged final report with resolutions and recommendations Example uses include: exchange of data for operational hydrological monitoring programs; supporting operation of infrastructure (e.g.
|
|
In May 2013, it was reported that DC Comics had started a legal case against the club, claiming that the new bat image design was too similar to Batman. The club issued a statement clarifying that it had intended to use a revised version of its bat logo for a line of casual clothing and applied for permission from the Office of Harmonisation of the Internal Market but the application was dropped after DC Comics filed an objection, not a lawsuit. DC Comics again filed a complaint with the EU’s office of IP opposing the trademark application made by Valencia for its centennial logo, claiming there is likely to be confusion with its Batman’s symbol.
|
|
Although guidelines have been introduced, sex bias remains an issue. A 2001 meta-analysis found that of 120 trials published in the New England Journal of Medicine, on average just 24.6 percent of participants enrolled were women. In addition, the same 2001 meta- analysis found that 14 percent of the trials included sex specific data analysis A 2005 review by the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use found that regulation in the US, Europe, and Japan required that clinical trials should reflect the population to whom an intervention will be given, and found that clinical trials that had been submitted to agencies were generally complying with those regulations.
|
|
The IFRS Foundation has as its mission to develop a single set of high quality, understandable, enforceable and globally accepted financial reporting standards based upon clearly articulated principles. These reporting standards consist of a growing number of individual standards. The Conceptual Framework is not an International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) itself and nothing in the Framework overrides any specific IFRS. However, the Framework has as its purpose to, inter alia, assist the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and individual national standard-setting bodies in promoting harmonisation of regulations, accounting standards and procedures relating to the presentation of financial statements by providing a basis for reducing the number of alternative accounting treatments permitted by IFRSs.
|
|
The Committee made various recommendations to the government which were used to form a plan on achieving harmonisation ready for the ratification of the CRPD. The resulting strategy involved three stages; the first was to amend the Basic Law for Persons with Disabilities, the second was to renew legislation for disability services and the third was to enact an independent law which would prohibit discrimination based on disability. Japan submitted a report to the Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in June 2016. This initial report contained comments made by the Commission on Policy for Persons with Disabilities, as well as documentation of the progress on implementing the Basic Program for Persons with Disabilities.
|
|
Henceforth all governmental borrowing, except for purposes of defence, was to be under Loan Council control. Due to doubts concerning the constitutionality of this new body, it was agreed that its legality would be put beyond doubt by the insertion of a new provision, Section 105A, into the Finance and Trade Chapter of the Constitution. The amendment was carried by a large majority of voters, and in all six states. The Loan Council, described as "a unique institution among federations", attracted overseas attention from the moment of its birth: :if Australia has made a unique contribution to federal finance it lies in its harmonisation of public borrowing by an institutional device [i.e.
|
|
The ICHR has a legal mandate to report without restriction on the national human rights situation (on specific matters or through thematic reports) and violations of any human rights. It can make recommendations to the government, Parliament and other competent bodies on matters concerning legislative or administrative provisions, and promote the harmonisation of national laws and practices with Palestine’s international obligations and the implementation of recommendations of international human right mechanisms. Its mandate allows it to engage with the International human rights system and conduct public education and awareness. APF Member's Bare Facts Palestine The Commission is a member of the Asia Pacific Forum, one of the four regional groupings in the ICC.
|
|
The UK's secondary legislation (regulations and Statutory Instruments) cannot be extended to apply to the Isle of Man. The Isle of Man is subject to certain European Union laws, by virtue of a being a territory for which the UK has responsibility in international law. These laws are those for areas not covered by the Protocol 3 opt-out that the UK obtained for the Isle of Man in its accession treaty: the excluded areas are free movement of persons, services and capital, and taxation and social policy harmonisation. The UK has had several disputes with the European Court of Human Rights about the Isle of Man's laws concerning birching (corporal punishment) and sodomy.
|
|
The different committees examined the common market, investments and social issues, conventional energy, nuclear energy and public transport and public works. In addition several highly specialised subcommittees would then be set up, depending on the topics raised, which might relate to either customs or nuclear matters. The common market was the core issue of the committee, although the question of agriculture also arose. In addition transportation and conventional energy were also to be dealt with. By November 1955 the focus of the committee was on the establishment of the common market by abolition of trade barriers, customs arrangements with third countries, social and financial harmonisation and the establishment of common institutions. On 6 September 1955 at the Noordwijk Conference, Spaak presented an interim report.
|
|
Comité Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne, Case C-381/05. Directive 2006/114/EC constitutes a total harmonisation of the rules on comparative advertising, meaning that the Member States are neither allowed to permit comparisons that breach the requirements of the Directive, nor prohibit ones that do.Article 8(1) Directive 2006/114/EC Further, while trademark rights can in principle be used to prevent comparative advertising that makes unauthorised use of a competitor's trademark,O2 Holdings Limited v Hutchison 3G UK Limited, Case C‑533/06, paragraph 36 this is not the case where the comparative advertisement complies with all the requirements of Directive 2006/114/EC.O2 Holdings Limited v Hutchison 3G UK Limited, Case C‑533/06, paragraph 51.
|
|
MC3 was a third version that was only the stem, thus the handlebar was not welded. Klein held a patent () for an improved method of routing cables through the frame of a bicycle, that reduced aerodynamic drag and stress on the frame. The front and rear derailleur cables were routed through the down tube, and the rear brake cable through the top tube, although some models changed in 2002 to top tube cable routing for greater harmonisation with Shimano components. In the 2002 model year, Klein replaced 6061 aluminium alloy with a new alloy called ZR 9000, that used zirconium in place of chromium; the new alloy had not been assigned an industry number and it was named after the unused 9000 series.
|
|
When Saxon children have lost their way they will be brought back to their families by his Saxon friend Kai, when the Saxon lose their cattle because of a disease he will offer him a part of his livestock (episode "In Common Cause") and when one of his allies takes Saxons as slaves ("Some Saxon Women") he will talk him out of it. While defending the borders of the remaining Celtic area he prepares from a position of strength a peaceful coexistence. The TV series is composed accordingly, alternating episodes about sustaining the alliance with episodes that show Celtic-Saxon harmonisation. Once Arthur has accomplished his political goals and provided the grounds for peace, he indulges himself to the pursuit of personal happiness.
|
|
The leave campaign argues that a reduction in red tape associated with EU regulations would create more jobs and that small to medium-sized companies who trade domestically would be the biggest beneficiaries. A more detailed examination of the report shows that this analysis was conducted on the basis of impact assessments made by the UK's civil service before regulations came into force. Few impact assessments are carried out after the introduction of regulations so it is very difficult to properly analyse their impact. A review by the UK Government examined the level of EU regulation on the UK and found that UK businesses benefited from access to the Single Market and therefore accepted that a level of regulation and harmonisation was desirable.
|
|
Several of the Skylarks' pieces from this period became popular; the music historian Rob Allingham later described the group as "real trendsetters, with harmonisation that had never been heard before." Makeba received no royalties from her work with the Skylarks. While performing with the Manhattan Brothers in 1955, Makeba met Nelson Mandela, then a young lawyer; he later remembered the meeting, and that he felt that the girl he met "was going to be someone." In 1956, Gallotone Records released "Lovely Lies", Makeba's first solo success; the Xhosa lyric about a man looking for his beloved in jails and hospitals was replaced with the unrelated and innocuous line "You tell such lovely lies with your two lovely eyes" in the English version.
|
|
McDonald's objected to Supermac's registration application to trademark its name and certain product names on the grounds that the names Supermac's and McDonald's are similar. In its submission McDonald's argued that the Supermac's name is visually similar to their trademark while Supermac's argue that they have traded alongside McDonald's in the Republic of Ireland for over 30 years without confusion. McDonald's won a partial victory, with the EU's Office for Harmonisation in the Internal Market (OHIM) ruling that Supermac could trade under its own name in the EU, but it rejected Supermac's trademark applications for several items, including menu items. It said that consumers could "be confused as to whether Supermac’s is a new version of McDonald’s", given the almost identical products sold by both chains.
|
|
Since 1976 he worked internationally on various aspects of enterprise integration as researcher, consultant and project leader for Industry, Government and Defense. In 2000–2003 Bernus was the Australian leader of the Enterprise Engineering work package of the Globemen International consortium, working with over 20 companies, that include ERP vendors, shipbuilding and engineering companies, among others.Short bio. Accessed 10 January 2009 Bernus is the past chair of the IFAC/IFIP Task Force on Architectures for Enterprise Integration which developed GERAM, the Generalised Enterprise Reference Architecture and Methodology (ISO 15704:2000) and foundation chair of Working Group 5.12 on Enterprise Integration of the International Federation of Information Processing (IFIP), currently working on the harmonisation of EA Frameworks, systems engineering and software engineering standards.
|
|
EU governments committed themselves to a deregulation agenda at the Lisbon Summit in March 2000, and as a consequence, the European Commission has supported more maximum harmonisation measures in recent years, which effectively prohibit gold-plating. Within the UK, the 2010 coalition agreement included a pledge to end gold-plating; the original policy guidelines were finalised in June 2011. Specifically, they stipulate that all EU legislation be reviewed every five years by "all departments...to ensure that they are only implementing the absolute minimum regulation necessary to comply". Previously, a 2006 review of gold-plating by Lord Davidson QC found that some EU laws had indeed been "over-implemented", but he cautioned against "copying out the text of a directive".
|
|
The New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association (NSWNMA) is a trade union which represents nurses and midwives in both the public and private sectors of New South Wales, Australia. It was formed in 1931 and has a membership of 61,000. The NSWNMA is affiliated with UnionsNSW and ACTU, and in 1988 signed a "harmonisation" agreement with the Australian Nursing Federation (ANF) which recognizes eligible members of the NSWNMA as members of the New South Wales Branch of the ANF. At the Annual Conference in August 2012, delegates overwhelmingly voted in favour of changing the union's name from the former New South Wales Nurses' Association to the New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association, a name it had held since its formation in 1931.
|
|
On the initiative of Tobias Asser, the First Diplomatic Session of the HCCH was convoked in 1893. Its aim was, and remains, to "work for the progressive unification of the rules of private international law", including by creating, and assisting in the implementation of, multilateral conventions that promote the harmonisation of the rules and principles of private international law (or conflict of laws). The First to Fourth Diplomatic Session of the HCCH took place in 1893, 1894, 1900 and 1904 respectively. They resulted in a number of multilateral treaties, the Hague Conventions, that unified the rules of private international law in the areas of Marriage (1902), Divorce (1902), Guardianship (1902), Civil procedure(1905), Effects of Marriage (1905), and Deprivation of Civil Rights (1905).
|
|
In May 2016, Caricom's court of original jurisdiction, the CCJ, signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the ACP Legal Association based in Guadeloupe recognising and supporting the goals of implementing a harmonised business law framework in the Caribbean through ACP Legal Association's OHADAC Project.CCJ signs MOU on harmonising business law in Caribbean OHADAC is the acronym for the French "Organisation pour l'Harmonisation du Droit des Affaires en les Caraïbes", which translates into English as "Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law in the Caribbean". The OHADAC Project takes inspiration from a similar organisation in Africa and aims to enhance economic integration across the entire Caribbean and facilitate increased trade and international investment through unified laws and alternative dispute resolution methods.
|
|
The United States, the EU and Japan support the International Conference on Harmonisation or ICH. The ICH has published a minimum set of essential documents for the TMF. The minimum essential documents that are required for the registration of pharmaceutical products designed for human use are specified in the document 'ICH Good Clinical Practices,' published in 1997 by the ICHICH Good Clinical Practice P.47 Example ICH essential documents that would be required in any US, EU or Japan based clinical trial would include: signed protocol, audit certificate, subject enrollment log. Although the ICH guidelines are applicable to the three named ICH regions, many other countries have agreed to follow the guidelines and have incorporated the principles into their national medicines legislation.
|
|
In 1999, the Consumers' Association hired a stand at the British International Motor Show, only revealing on press day its true purpose in doing so—to highlight high British car prices. The organizers of the show, the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders, decided not to fan the media flames by ejecting the Consumers' Association. By this point, the phrase had already taken hold in the mass media, and it became a term in frequent use to describe anything that was wrong with Britain. It also proved to be one of the elements leading to a tipping point in the harmonisation of car prices within the EU. The campaign was devised by UK advertising agency Claydon Heeley, who are known for such "guerrilla marketing" work.
|
|
The House of Lords' European Union Committee heard in March 2017 that, in the pharmaceutical industry, UK standards would need to be recognised as equivalent by the EU as a pre-requisite for ongoing EU trade. Moreover, regulatory harmonisation and conformity to common labelling requirements would increase the production costs for British pharmaceuticals. Professor Sir Michael Rawlins, chair of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), the UK body that would take over from the European Medicines Agency, told the House of Lords in January 2017 that 'one of the biggest worries' he had about setting up a stand-alone regulator in post-Brexit Britain was that the UK would be 'at the back of the queue' for new drugs.
|
|
GNI is defined in accordance with the European system of national and regional accounts. GNI represents total primary income receivable by resident institutional units: compensation of employees, taxes on production and imports less subsidies, property income (interest, dividends and reinvested earnings from foreign direct investment receivable less payable), gross operating surplus and gross mixed income.Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) 1287/2003 of 15 July 2003 on the harmonisation of gross national income at market prices, Article 1(3) It corresponds to the better known gross domestic product (GDP) minus primary income payable by resident units to non-resident units, plus primary income receivable by resident units from the rest of the world.F. Lequiller, D. Blades: Understanding National Accounts, Paris: OECD 2006, p.
|
|
Kabbalists of different schools have been concerned with a range of esoteric encounters with divinity mediated by different meditative practices, ranging from ecstatic mystical cleaving to God, or prophetic visual and auditory disclosing of the divine, to theurgic manipulation of theosophical divine emanations. Practices included meditation on the names of God in Judaism, combinations of Hebrew letters, and kavanot (esoteric "intentions"). The main concern of the Theosophical Kabbalah such as the Zohar and Isaac Luria was on theurgic harmonisation of the sephirot Divine attributes, though recent phenomenological scholarship has uncovered the prophetic visualisation of the sephirot as a Divine Anthropos in the imagination of the medieval theosophical practitioners.Through a Speculum That Shines - Vision and Imagination in Medieval Jewish Mysticism, Elliot R. Wolfson, Princeton University Press 1997.
|
|
The EU non-automatic weighing instrument directive (directive 2009/23/EC), which came into force in 2009 and was superseded by directive 2014/31/EU, codified existing regulations regarding the harmonisation of non-automatic weighing devices used for trade, medical purposes or in the preparation of evidence to be heard in court. The directive identified four classes of weighing device ranging from Class I (having a minimum accuracy of 1 part in 50,000) to class IIII (sic) (having a minimum accuracy of 1 part in 100). Devices that fall within the scope of the directive are required to be recalibrated at regular intervals and to have an output showing SI units, except for those used for weighing precious metals or stones. Secondary indications may be shown, provided that they cannot be mistaken for primary indications.
|
|
Serbia earned EU candidate status under Tadić's government, and Dačić has said that the new government will implement everything the previous government had accepted in the EU talks. Dačić supporters claim his pro-EU stance is evident in the handover of Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić under his tenure as Interior Minister, and his role in the visa-free travel for Serbs in the EU. Following the European Council's confirmation on 28 June 2013 that formal negotiations for the accession of Serbia to the EU could begin, Dačić announced that the Serbian government would remain continuously in session with the aim of completing the talks as quickly as possible. He emphasized that harmonisation with European laws is an integral part of the government's plan for boosting investment and employment.
|
|
Other maps may have followed in good order had not the misfortunes of life intervened: his wife Barbara died in 1586 and his eldest son Arnold died the following year so that only Rumold and the sons of Arnold were left to carry forward his business. In addition, the time he had available for cartography was reduced by a burst of writing on philosophy and theology: a substantial written work on the Harmonisation of the Gospels as well as commentaries on the epistle of St. Paul and the book of Ezekiel. In 1589, at the age of 77, Mercator had a new lease of life. He took a new wife, Gertrude Vierlings, the wealthy widow of a former mayor of Duisburg (and at the same time he arranged the marriage of Rumold to her daughter).
|
|
The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 transpose the Information Society Directive "(Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society)", (known popularly at the time as the EU copyright directive), into United Kingdom law. As such, its main effects are to modify the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 c. 48 ("the 1988 Act") with minor consequential modifications to other Acts and secondary legislation. The regulations modify the concept of broadcast and broadcasting to take account of development in the internet; restrict the acts which are permitted without infringing copyright (in particular acts which could be performed commercially); and provide new measures for the protection and enforcement of copyright and performers' rights.
|
|
An outstanding example of this influence was research based on comparative law analyses regarding European harmonisation of the law against unfair competition of trademark law, of design law as well as copyright law. Also essential were comparative law studies on the patentability of biotechnological inventions or the exploration of limits between the trademark rights. In 2002, the Institute was modernised significantly, in particular with respect to personnel, areas of expertise, and its facilities. On 1 January 2002, Josef Drexl, Reto M. Hilty and Wolfgang Schön were appointed to the Directorate of the Max Planck Institute, serving alongside Joseph Straus, who was appointed Director in 2001 taking over the directorship from Gerhard Schricker. On 1 July 2002, a new department “Accounting and Taxes” was added to the newly formed unit “Intellectual Property Law and Competition Law”.
|
|
On 26 October 2016, Long was elected Alliance leader unopposed following the resignation of David Ford. In the first manifesto released under her leadership, Long affirmed her commitment to building a "united, open, liberal and progressive" society. Her party's legislative priorities were revealed to include the harmonisation and strengthening of equality and anti- discrimination measures, the introduction of civil marriage equality, development of integrated education and a Northern Ireland framework to tackle climate change. In the 2017 Assembly election, Long topped the poll in Belfast East and was returned to the Assembly with 18.9% of first-preference votes. The election was widely viewed as a success for Alliance, with the party increasing its vote share by 2 percentage points and retaining all of its seats in a smaller Assembly.
|
|
English composer Geoffrey Burgon wrote a duet (This Eane Night) for two countertenors (recorded by James Bowman and Charles Brett) with words altered slightly to fit the canonical single melody, the second countertenor starting one bar behind the first. At the end of each versicle the line rises by a semitone producing an eerie and climactic ending on top D before dropping back down to the starting tone. A version with a different tune (but with the "fire and fleet" version of the lyrics) was collected by the folk song collector, Hans Fried, from the singing of "an old Scottish lady", Peggy Richards. The Young Tradition used this version for their a cappella recording on their 1965 debut album, using quite a primitive harmonisation, in which two of the vocal parts move in parallel fifths.
|
|
The ENP stipulates that after signing of AA with a particular country the EU will make a Country Report and then the two sides will agree on an Action Plan drafted by the EU (including particular reforms, actions and also aid by the EU) for the next three to five years. Both the SAA and ENP AP are based mostly on the EU's acquis communautaire and its promulgation in the cooperating states legislation. Of course the depth of the harmonisation is less than for full EU members and some policy areas may not be covered (depending on the particular state). According to EUobserver the ENP countries may be divided into two groups—European states with explicitly stated EU membership possibility for the long term and Mediterranean states with no such statement in the Action Plans.
|
|
When the new company takes over the work of its predecessor, it must take on the staff (from the old company) on their existing terms and conditions. This can create the situation where "transferring" employee may be on enhanced terms compared with an employee already employed by the new company. Harmonisation of the terms and conditions between the two groups of employees is generally not possible as the "reason" for it would be the TUPE transfer which (except in limited circumstances) is specifically prohibited. This could result in a situation where a transferring employee (whose old contract gave them an enhanced holiday entitlement) may be working alongside an existing employee of the new company (working under a contract of employment whose terms were set by the "new" company) who has less generous holiday rights.
|
|
Kaseke got his start in Belize as a legal draftsman; at the time of his law school graduation, Belize happened to be looking for a draftsman, and he decided to come to the country to try things out, apparently without the intention of remaining for long. According to former Attorney-General Godfrey Smith, Kaseke was responsible for drafting virtually all of Belize's laws from the mid-1990s up until about 2007. In that obscure field he became quite distinguished for his skill, even attracting the attention of the CARICOM secretariat, who consulted with him on the issue of harmonisation of laws. He further took up the position of Commissioner for Law Review, in which capacity he compiled nine volumes of The Laws of Belize, Revised Edition, published in 2000.
|
|
''''' (I will not let you go unless you bless me), BWV 1164 (renumbered from ), is a motet for SATB double choir which was attributed to Johann Sebastian Bach when it was first published in 1802. Around 1823 the motet was published as a composition by Johann Christoph Bach, Johann Sebastian's father's cousin, after which its attribution became a matter of discussion among scholars. The motet consists of two movements: the oldest extant manuscript of its first movement was partly written by Johann Sebastian, in 1712, or early 1713 at the latest. Its second movement is without doubt a chorale harmonisation by Johann Sebastian composed before , when a version of this setting was copied in the Dietel manuscript, but it is uncertain when, and by whom, it was added to the first movement.
|
|
European Union rules governing the production of wine ("the product obtained exclusively from the total or partial alcoholic fermentation of fresh grapes, whether or not crushed, or of grape must") are considerably longer than Community trade mark law: the main text, the Regulation on the common organisation of the market in wine (No 1493/1999), runs to over 46,000 words. To be considered as a "quality wine", the wine must come from a specified region and be associated with a "geographical indication" or appellation: indeed, the technical term used in the Regulation is quality wine psr, with the "psr" standing for "produced in a specified region". Wines which do not meet this requirement may only be marketed as table wine. There has been little harmonisation of national provisions within the European Union.
|
|
Strengthening the rule of law: Since 2008, EUPOL has played a key role in supporting the harmonisation of Afghan laws with relevant universal rule of law and human rights standards, as well as in supporting the amendment of existing laws or the drafting of new pieces of legislation relevant to the criminal justice sector. In this regard, EUPOL worked closely with the Ministry of Justice and senior legal advisers from the Afghan government. The Mission also enhanced criminal justice linkages, firstly, and most predominantly at the level of cooperation between police and prosecutors. Tangible results in this regard were the development of concrete training tools and manuals on police-prosecutor cooperation; a better institutionalised relationship between MoI and Attorney General's Office; the establishment of an Afghan trainers pool; and the delivery of residential courses in all field office locations.
|
|
The Commission's proposal of a CCCTB could be a solution to the problem of international corporate tax planning within the EU. In particular, the CCCTB eliminates the incentive to shift profits to low- tax countries via transfer pricing or financing. However, there is still room for tax competition between Member States as long as the tax rates are not harmonised within the EU. Moreover, the existing problems of the arm's length principle continue to exist with respect to third countries. Effectively, the CCCTB introduces a new system of formula apportionment in addition to the system of arm's length. Thus, at present, the introduction of the CCCTB does not seem realistic on a political level, because the harmonisation requirements are high: a common tax base, a European profit allocation formula and common consolidation and anti-abuse rules would have to be introduced.
|
|
The R18 classification was created in 1982 in response to the recommendations in 1979 of the Home Office Committee on Obscenity and Film Censorship chaired by Sir Bernard Williams. Originally it was only used for films featuring simulated sex only, but the BBFC found itself forced to award R18 certificates to hardcore films in 2000 after a series of legal appeals and a judicial review of those appeals. The introduction of the R18 certificate for hardcore films is widely seen by observers as a reaction to more liberal attitudes in British society to pornography, the de facto legalisation of the import of hardcore pornography (but not its sale) across EU member countries because of customs law harmonisation, and the widespread availability of unregulated pornography over the Internet. Most cuts made by the BBFC are in the R18 category (e.g.
|
|
Skywest Holdings announced in May 1985 it planned to merge both Skywest Airlines and East-West, but this was not carried out except for some harmonisation of timetables. In 1985 East-West challenged the Two Airline Policy in the Federal Court.John Masanauskas: "East-West drops air deregulation bid" The Age 3 September 1987 In July 1987 East-West and Skywest were sold to Perth car dealer Perron Group which sold them on by the end of the month to Bodas Pty Ltd; a company set up by Ansett's owners, Peter Abeles' TNT and Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation; for a reported $150 million.Graham Reilly: "Turbulence on the tarmac" Sydney Morning Herald 11 December 1989 page 11 It continued to operate as a separate entity until 1993 when its operations were integrated with those of Ansett and the East-West name ceased to be used.
|
|
Infopaq International A/S v Danske Dagblades Forening (2009) Case C-5/08, Infopaq Int'l A/S v. Danske Dagblades Forening [19 July 2009] ECR I-6569 was a decision of the European Court of Justice concerning the interpretation of Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright, and the conditions for exemption of temporary acts of reproduction. It established that (1) an act occurring during a data capture process is within the concept of reproduction in part within the meaning of Article 2 of Directive 2001/29, if the elements reproduced are the expression of the intellectual creation of their author, and (2) the act of printing out an extract of words during a data capture process does not fulfill the condition of being transient in nature as required by Article 5(1) of Directive 2001/29.
|
|
The tasks of the Finabel Committee have a European perspective; their purpose is to ‘promote and facilitate interoperability between land forces across the full spectrum of military operations through the harmonisation of concepts, doctrines and procedures, whilst taking into account the joint military environment’, and to ‘develop a common European understanding of defence problems by seeking to complement and co-operate with NATO and EU military structures.’ The Finabel Committee takes its decisions based on consensus and equality between its Member states. The organisation expresses itself through reports entrusted to working groups, which produce ‘studies’ and ‘agreements’ on the military characteristics of equipment or ‘conventions’ that normalise certain procedures and glossaries in order to facilitate discussion between countries. The proposal and recommendations that result from Finabel’s work can be freely applied by the land components and its member states.
|
|
Säkerställd socialmedicinsk kompetens inom svensk hälso- och sjukvård, 2005, page 117 something that made him a controversial person, both before and after his death.C. M. Chatwin: On the Possibility of Policy Harmonisation for some Illicit Drugs in Selected Member States of the European Union Many people considered Bejerot as a good humanist advocating a viable policy against narcotics and Robert DuPont considers him "the hero of the Swedish drug abuse story."Presentation at the World Forum Against Drugs (WFAD)Stockholm, Sweden September 8, 2008 by Robert L. DuPont, M.D. Others view this as a reactionary hindering of new treatment practices against drug abuse.New York Times: Nils Bejerot, 67, Pioneer in Study of Drug Abuse, 1988 Bejerots theories about spread of drug abuse and proposals for an anti-drug policy have still a significant influence on the drug policy of Sweden.
|
|
A consumer survey commissioned by ISFE in 2012 demonstrated that the PEGI age rating labels are recognised on average by 51% of respondents in 16 countries (highest: France 72%; lowest: Czech Republic 28%), while 86% of all respondents found them to be clear and 89% found them useful. PEGI is an example of European harmonisation. The European Commission supports the PEGI self-regulation: "PEGI appears to have achieved good results and PEGI On-line is also a promising initiative, making of PEGI a good example of self- regulation in line with the better regulation agenda."Communication from the commission of the European parliament, the council, the European economic and social committee and the committee of the regions, on the protection of consumers, in particular minors, in respect of the use of video games, Brussels, 2008, p.
|
|
In 1975, the Commission of the European Community (presently the European Commission), decided on an action programme in the field of construction, based on article 95 of the Treaty. The objective of the programme was to eliminate technical obstacles to trade and the harmonisation of technical specifications. Within this action programme, the Commission took the initiative to establish a set of harmonised technical rules for the design of construction works which, in a first would serve as an alternative to the national rules in force in the member states of the European Union (EU) and, ultimately, would replace them. For fifteen years, the Commission, with the help of a steering committee with representatives of the member states, conducted the development of the Eurocodes programme, which led to the first generation of European codes in the 1980s.
|
|
The EU-Ukraine DCFTA provisionally entered into force on 1 January 2016. According to European Commission, "The DCFTA will offer Ukraine a framework for modernising its trade relations and for economic development by the opening of markets via the progressive removal of customs tariffs and quotas, and by an extensive harmonisation of laws, norms and regulations in various trade-related sectors, creating the conditions for aligning key sectors of the Ukrainian economy to EU standards." "Unlike classical FTAs, it provides for both the freedom of establishment in services and non-services sectors, subject to limited reservations, and the expansion of the internal market for a set of key services sectors once Ukraine effectively implements the EU-acquis." Furthermore, Ukraine is "granted access to the EU internal market for the sectors concerned", which results in "an unprecedented level of integration".
|
|
WP1000 Project Management and Objectives The main goal of the project coordination is to facilitate administrative coordination, networking and harmonisation of the German contributions with the Vietnamese partners and to ensure the successful completion of the project. WP2000 Water and Knowledge Management Rush hour in Can Tho / Vietnam The research and development activities of WP 2000 “Water and knowledge management” are guided by the overall project objective of the second phase which is to implement the WISDOM Information System in Vietnam. The main objectives of the work package are to understand the needs of potential end-users of the Information System, to complete the institutional analysis of the water sector and to build and sustain knowledge management capacity in the Mekong Delta. WP3000 System Design The aim of the system design, development and implementation of a web based integrated water management prototype, developed according to Vietnamese and German user requirements.
|
|
The idea behind this initiative is that both the library and museum communities would benefit from harmonizing the FRBR and CIDOC reference models to better share library and museum information, particularly in light of the Semantic Web and the overall need to improve the interoperability of digital libraries and museum information management systems. This led to the formation of the International Working Group on FRBR/CIDOC CRM Harmonisation in 2003 with the common goals of "expressing the IFLA FRBR reference model with the concepts, tools, mechanisms, and notation conventions provided by the CIDOC CRM…and aligning (possibly even merging) the two object-oriented models with the aim to contribute to the solution of the problem of semantic interoperability between the documentation structures used for library and museum information." The first draft of FRBRoo was completed in 2006.FRBRoo Model and mapping to the FRBR-ER (version 1.0) June 2009.
|
|
Still another version of the song appeared on the Let It Be... Naked album in 2003. The majority of this remix is take 27-A from 31 January 1969, with parts of take 27-B (as used in the film "Let It Be"), including the subdued guitar solo, spliced in. This version contains a different piano track than the one on the studio and single versions. In the intro, McCartney plays an extra A bass note during the A minor chord (very similar to the way he plays the intro in the film version); he also plays a standard A minor chord in the piano at the first beat of measure two in the last verse (on the lyric "mother", also like in the film version), while the other versions have a different piano harmonisation which can be easily interpreted as an unfixed mistake.
|
|
BIMCO headquarters in Bagsværd near Copenhagen, Denmark BIMCO is the largest of the international shipping associations representing shipowners; its membership controls around 65 percent of the world’s tonnage and it has members in more than 120 countries, including managers, brokers and agents. The association’s main objective is to protect its global membership through the provision of information and advice, and while promoting fair business practices, facilitate harmonisation and standardization of commercial shipping practices and contracts. In support of its commitment to promote the development and application of global regulatory instruments, BIMCO is accredited as a Non-Governmental Organisation (NGO) with all relevant United Nations organs. In an effort to promote its agenda and objectives, the association maintains a close dialogue with governments and diplomatic representations around the world, including maritime administrations, regulatory institutions, and other stakeholders within the areas of EU, the United States, and Asia.
|
|
The Alliance for Germany presented its election program under the title "Never again socialism" („Nie wieder Sozialismus“). Its key points included German reunification using the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany as an all-German constitution, the establishment of rights to private property and unrestricted freedom of trade, the abolition of all barriers to access for investors from the West, and the immediate introduction of the Deutsche Mark with an exchange rate of 1:1 to the East German mark. It also promised the establishment of a social security network, an environmental program, and secure energy supply, and the harmonisation of law with the Federal Republic; in particular the abolition of criminal offences related to political activity. Other points were the promotion of monument protection, education reform, the preservation of day nurseries, the re-establishment of the federal states (Länder) and freedom of the press.
|
|
The Office is in charge of managing the registration of the EU trade mark and the registered Community design and offers businesses and citizens exclusive rights for trade mark and design protection throughout the European Union (EU), with a single application. The work of this EU agency extends beyond registration to cover the harmonisation of registration practices for trade marks and designs and the development of common IP management tools. This work is carried out in cooperation with the national and regional IP offices throughout the EU-27, user associations and other institutional partners with the objective of offering users of the trade mark and design system a similar registration experience, be it at national or at EU level. Since 2012, the EUIPO has hosted the European Observatory on Infringements of Intellectual Property Rights, which brings public and private stakeholders together in the fight against piracy and counterfeiting.
|
|
All three settings of the stanzas from Luther's chorale are different, beginning with a duet for soprano and alto for the first stanza. The voices are doubled by the oboes d'amore and render the text in sections of different length, with sixteen measures for the final "" (that God had ordained such a birth for Him). Alfred Dürr notes the expressiveness of the music, especially in leaps of sixths on the urgent request "" (now come), syncopated rhythm on "" (over whom the whole world marvels), and daring chromatic on the final line. The tenor aria reflects "" (Love approaches with gentle steps) with oboe d'amore as obbligato instrument, "the traditional musical symbol of love", alluding to the concept of Jesus as the bride-groom and the Soul as the bride, which is also the base for Nicolai's hymn that closes part I in a "rousing four-part harmonisation".
|
|
Trade facilitation looks at how procedures and controls governing the movement of goods across national borders can be improved to reduce associated cost burdens and maximise efficiency while safeguarding legitimate regulatory objectives. Business costs may be a direct function of collecting information and submitting declarations or an indirect consequence of border checks in the form of delays and associated time penalties, forgone business opportunities and reduced competitiveness Understanding and use of the term “trade facilitation” varies in the literature and amongst practitioners. "Trade facilitation" is largely used by institutions which seek to improve the regulatory interface between government bodies and traders at national borders. The WTO, in an online training package, has defined trade facilitation as “the simplification and harmonisation of international trade procedures”, where trade procedures are the “activities, practices and formalities involved in collecting, presenting, communicating and processing data required for the movement of goods in international trade”.
|
|
A core of Eurosceptic MPs under Major used the small Conservative majority in Parliament to oppose Government policy on the Maastricht Treaty. By doing so they undermined Major's ability to govern. The Conservative Party has members with varying opinions of the EU, with pro-European Conservatives joining the affiliate Conservative Group for Europe, while some Eurosceptics left the party to join the United Kingdom Independence Party. Whilst the vast majority of Conservatives in recent decades have been Eurosceptics, views among this group regarding the UK's relationship with the EU have been polarised between moderate, soft Eurosceptics who support continued British membership but oppose further harmonisation of regulations affecting business and accept participation in a multi-speed Europe, and a more radical, economically libertarian faction who oppose policy initiatives from Brussels, support the rolling back of integration measures from the Maastricht Treaty onwards, and have become increasingly supportive of a complete withdrawal.
|
|
A subscription based product of the International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), MedDRA or Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities is a clinically validated international medical terminology dictionary thesaurus used by regulatory authorities and the biopharmaceutical industry during the regulatory process, from pre-marketing (clinical research phase 0 to phase 3) to post-marketing activities (pharmacovigilance or clinical research phase 4), and for safety information data entry, retrieval, evaluation, and presentationLenita Lindström-Gommers and Theresa Mullin "International Conference on Harmonization: Recent Reforms as a Driver of Global Regulatory Harmonization and Innovation in Medical Products". In addition, it is the adverse event classification dictionaryHealth Canada, Canada "About the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities". The first version of MedDRA was released in 1999 in English and Japanese. MedDRA is now also translated into Chinese, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Korean, Portuguese, Brazilian Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish.
|
|
Activities of the Salzburg > Group focus nowadays mainly on specific cooperation in the area of common > regional issues in the context of membership of the Salzburg Group states in > the European Union. The Salzburg Group is, according to the statement of the > Commissioner for Justice and Home Affairs, Mr. Frattini, at the meeting of > the Ministers of the Interior of the Salzburg Group states held in Gratz, > Austria, in July 2005, an important forum for the exchange of opinions, > ideas and experiences concerning the creation of the area of freedom, > security and justice, i.e. tasks arising from the Hague Programme. A special > emphasis is, in this context, placed on regional cooperation regarding > asylum and migration, in particular on enhancing information exchanges and > cooperation between public institutions concerned, the development of common > strategies for combating illegal migration, trafficking in human beings and > the exploitation of women and children, as well as on the harmonisation of > relevant legal provisions of the European Union in relation to third > countries.
|
|
The harmonisation of playlists across the GWR Group led to the creation of The Mix Network in 1997, with GWR Wiltshire at the hub. The radio station's (and the group's) long held philosophy of heavily researching the average person's listening habits and tastes led by Group chairman Ralph Bernard has created a tightly formatted sound where popular Top 40 chart hits ex-Top 40 songs are blended in with older hits. This format, with the strapline "Better Music Mix", was then subsequently adopted by all stations within the GWR Group, including Essex FM, Trent FM and Beacon Radio creating a mini national network. The practice for the Mix Network stations were each station played a centrally produced playlist (from GWR FM itself), songs were broadcast on or almost at the same time as neighbouring group stations and each station adopted the "Better Music Mix" tagline, to be said by local disc jockeys in between each song.
|
|
The EC Treaty lays down the principle that the self-employed (whether working in commercial, industrial or craft occupations or the liberal professions) the economic operators, established in the territory of a member state, may exercise an economic activity in all member states in two ways. Self-employed person and professionals or legal persons, within the meaning of article 48 EC Treaty, who are legally acting in one member state, may carry on an economic activity in a stable and continuous way in another Member State (freedom of establishment: Article 43) or offer and provide their services in other Member States on a temporary basis while remaining in their country of origin (freedom to provide services: Article 49). This implies eliminating discrimination on the grounds of nationality and, if these freedoms are to be used effectively, the adoption of measures to make it easier to exercise them, especially harmonisation of national access rules or their mutual recognition.
|
|
Brosig very quickly distanced himself from the association, however, not wishing to make common cause with the more extremist calls for a return to an imagined musical tradition characterised by pre- enlightenment purity. It is clear from the way in which he ran the music at the cathedral that he was committed to many of the ideas associated with the Cecilian, and he was indeed active in promoting many of the movement's aspirations. In June 1963 he published an article on Gregorian Chant in the Luxembourgish specialist journal "Cäcilia", powerfully opposing the nineteenth century practice of harmonising forms of church music which had been created centuries earlier without any thought for potential "harmonisation", a notion which was indeed totally foreign to it. Brosig's aggressive writing on the subject attracted hostile reactions from various "mainstream" church musicians including, in this instance, Georg Schmitt, formerly organist at Trier and after 1850 in charge of the "Great Organ" at Church of Saint-Sulpice in Paris whose reaction was notably polemical.
|
|
Capital market development entails promoting institutional capacity as well as the facilitation of greater cross-border collaboration, linkages, and harmonisation between capital markets. Orderly capital account liberalisation would be promoted with adequate safeguards against volatility and systemic risks. To expedite the process of financial services liberalisation, ASEAN has agreed on a positive list modality and adopted milestones to facilitate negotiations. Currency cooperation would involve the exploration of possible currency arrangements, including an ASEAN currency payment system for trade in local goods to reduce the demand for US dollars and to help promote stability of regional currencies, such as by settling intra-ASEAN trade using regional currencies. In regards to a common currency, ASEAN leaders agreed in November 1999 to create the establishment of currency swaps and repurchase agreements as a credit line against future financial shocks. In May 2000, ASEAN finance ministers agreed to plan for closer cooperation through the Chiang Mai Initiative (CMI).
|
|
Dogs are widely used in biomedical research, testing, and education—particularly beagles, because they are gentle and easy to handle, and to allow for comparisons with historical data from beagles (a Reduction technique). They are used as models for human and veterinary diseases in cardiology, endocrinology, and bone and joint studies, research that tends to be highly invasive, according to the Humane Society of the United States.Dog profile, The Humane Society of the United States The most common use of dogs is in the safety assessment of new medicines for human or veterinary use as a second species following testing in rodents, in accordance with the regulations set out in the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. One of the most significant advancements in medical science involves the use of dogs in developing the answers to insulin production in the body for diabetics and the role of the pancreas in this process.
|
|
Williams Aeroplane Monthly May 1995, p. 22. It was rolled out across the RAF until the final deliveries in 1954.James 1971, p. 293. A "tropicalised" version of the NF.11 for the Middle East was developed; first flying on 23 December 1952 as the NF.13. The aircraft equipped No. 219 Squadron RAF at Kabrit and No. 39 Squadron at Fayid, both in Egypt. The aircraft served during the Suez crisis and remained with No. 39 Squadron after they were withdrawn to Malta until 1958. Several problems were encountered: the heavily framed T.7 canopy made landings tricky due to limited visibility, the under-wing external fuel tanks tended to break up when the wing cannons were fired, and gun harmonisation, normally set to about 400 yards, was poor due to the wings flexing in flight. Belgium (24), Denmark (20) and France (41) were foreign customers for the NF.11.Williams Aeroplane Monthly June 1995, pp. 10–12.
|
|
The Court has ordered the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the National Assembly of Republika Srpska to bring the contested legal documents in line with the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina within six months from the publishing date of its decision in the Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the harmonisation was not done in that granted time-limit, that Court has, on January 27, 2007, adopted the Ruling on failure to enforce in which it established that the contested articles of the interpreted legal documents shall cease to be in force as of the date following the publishing date of the Ruling in Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina."Press release" , Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-08-02 On June 16, 2007, the Government of Republika Srpska had adopted the provisional emblem of Republika Srpska, until it adopted the new Coat of Arms of Republika Srpska.
|
|
In J. S. Bach’s St Matthew Passion, the chorale “Herzliebster Jesu” makes its first appearance in a straightforward harmonisation: Bach St Matthew Passion No 3 Chorale Herzliebster Jesu Bach St Matthew Passion No 3 Chorale Herzliebster Jesu Later, as the Passion Story draws towards its sombre conclusion, we find “a more chromatic and emotional setting of the melody” that passes through “no less than ten chords with grinding chromatic steps in the bass.”: Steinitz, P. (1979, p.86) Bach’s Passions. London, Paul Elek. Bach St Matthew Passion No 46 Chorale Herzliebster Jesu different harmonization Bach St Matthew Passion No 46 Chorale Herzliebster Jesu different harmonization The well-known theme of the second movement of Joseph Haydn’s String Quartet, Op. 76 No. 3 is harmonized simply at the start: Haydn String Quartet Op. 76 No. 3, second movement, bars 1-2 Haydn String Quartet Op. 76 No. 3, second movement, bars 1-2 Haydn later “reharmonizes the theme”. Barret-Ayres, R. (1974 p.
|
|
The Court has ordered the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the National Assembly of Republika Srpska to bring the contested legal documents in line with the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina within six months from the publishing date of its decision in the Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the harmonisation was not done in that granted time-limit, that Court has, on 27 January 2007, adopted the Ruling on failure to enforce in which it established that the contested articles of the interpreted legal documents shall cease to be in force as of the date following the publishing date of the Ruling in Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina."Press release" , Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-08-02 On 31 March 2007, the Constitutional Court placed its decision into the "Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina" officially removing the flag and coat of arms of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
|
|
For example, UN/CEFACT defines trade facilitation as "the simplification, standardization and harmonisation of procedures and associated information flows required to move goods from seller to buyer and to make payment". Occasionally, the term trade facilitation is extended to address a wider agenda in economic development and trade to include: the improvement of transport infrastructure, the removal of government corruption, the modernization of customs administration, the removal of other non-tariff trade barriers, as well as export marketing and promotion. The World Trade Report 2015 provides an overview of the various trade facilitation definitions from academia as well as various international organizations, contrasting them with the scope of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) concluded in December 2013. The WTO TFA has become the new baseline for trade facilitation, with many countries striving to implement measures going beyond those included in this Agreement in order to maintain a competitive advantage in global markets.
|
|
The Court has ordered the Parliament of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the National Assembly of Republika Srpska to bring the contested legal documents in line with the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina within six months from the publishing date of its decision in the Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the harmonisation was not done in that granted time-limit, that Court has, on January 27, 2007, adopted the Ruling on failure to enforce in which it established that the contested articles of the interpreted legal documents shall cease to be in force as of the date following the publishing date of the Ruling in Official Gazette of Bosnia and Herzegovina."Press release" , Constitutional Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007-03-31). Retrieved on 2008-08-02 On June 16, 2007, the Government of Republika Srpska had adopted the provisional emblem of Republika Srpska, until it adopted the new Coat of Arms of Republika Srpska.
|
|
The GARR network originates from the wish to unify and harmonise the previously existing different data networks of research centres and universities. The first single network was built in 1991, thanks to the efforts of the Group for Harmonisation of Research Networks (GARR), which was created in the late 1980s to represent the world of research organisations and universities. The current network is designed and managed by Consortium GARR, an association incorporated in 2001 under the auspices of the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research, whose founders are CNR, ENEA, INFN and the CRUI (Conference of Rectors of Italian Universities) Foundation as the representative of all Italian universities. Consortium GARR has its headquarters in Rome in the street where also the headquarters of CASPUR (the Interuniversity Consortium for the Application of Supercomputers by Universities and Research) and the NaMex Internet exchange point are located, as well as one of the major nodes of the GARR network.
|
|
In further support of this notion, in Indian classical music, the musical terms raga and rasa are also synonyms for color and (quality of) taste, respectively. The first medical description of "colored hearing" is in an 1812 thesis by the German physician Georg Tobias Ludwig Sachs. The "father of psychophysics," Gustav Fechner, reported the first empirical survey of colored letter photisms among 73 synesthetes in 1876,Fechner, G. (1876) Vorschule der Aesthetik. Leipzig: Breitkopf und Hartel. Website: followed in the 1880s by Francis Galton. Carl Jung refers to "color hearing" in his Symbols of Transformation in 1912.Jung, C.G. The Transformation of Libido in "Symbols of Transformation", CW5, London 1912/1956, Routledge & Kegan Paul, para.237. In the early 1920s the Bauhaus teacher and musician Gertrud Grunow researched the relationships between sound, color and movement and developed a 'twelve-tone circle of colour' which was analogous with the twelve-tone music of the Austrian composer Arnold Schönberg (1874-1951).Bauhaus100.Curriculum. Harmonisation theory 1919-1924.
|
|
Trade mark law of the European Union is governed by European Union law together with national law within those countries which are also member states of the European Union. Trade marks may be registered within individual countries, or across the whole of the EU (by means of a European Union trade mark). Within EU member states, national law implements Directives so that the law governing national registrations in each jurisdiction is more or less equivalent; the eventual goal is harmonisation of trade mark law within the EU. The Benelux countries have introduced a common trade mark applying in their countries, abolishing their national trade marks. Certain aspects of law do vary on a country by country basis within the EU, such as the protection for unregistered trade marks within the United Kingdom under the common law tort of "passing off", and the inclusion of provisions relating to Honest Concurrent Use into UK national trade mark law (which have their basis in the 1938 UK legislation rather than the Directive which led to the drafting of the UK Trade Marks Act 1994).
|
|
The European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare (EDQM) is a Directorate of the Council of Europe that traces its origins and statutes to the Convention on the Elaboration of a European Pharmacopoeia (an international treaty adopted by the Council of Europe in 1964: ETS 50,«Convention on the Elaboration of a European Pharmacopoeia ETS No.: 050, Treaty Office, Council of Europe» Protocol«Protocol to the Convention on the Elaboration of a European Pharmacopoeia»). The signatories to the convention, – 39 member states and the European Union (EU) as of March 2020"List of Ph. Eur. Members & Observers" – are committed to the harmonisation of quality standards for safe medicines throughout the European continent and beyond. In addition to the member states there are currently 30 observers, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration (TFDA). The EDQM’s quality standards for medicines are published in the European Pharmacopoeia (officially abbreviated to Ph. Eur.), which is recognised as a scientific benchmark worldwide and is legally binding in member states.
|
|
The agreement was signed on the river-boat Princess Marie-Astrid on the river Moselle near the town of Schengen, Luxembourg, where the territories of France, Germany and Luxembourg meet. Three of the signatories Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands had already abolished common border controls as part of the Benelux Economic Union. The Schengen Agreement was signed independently of the European Union, in part owing to the lack of consensus amongst EU member states over whether or not the EU had the jurisdiction to abolish border controls, and in part because those ready to implement the idea did not wish to wait for others (at this time there was no enhanced co-operation mechanism). The Agreement provided for harmonisation of visa policies, allowing residents in border areas freedom to cross borders away from fixed checkpoints and the replacement of passport checks with visual surveillance of vehicles at reduced speed and vehicle checks that allowed vehicles to cross borders without stopping.Respectively Articles 2, 6 and 7 of the Schengen Agreement, eur- lex.europa.
|
|
The Unidroit convention focuses on the harmonisation of the sole rules governing "substantive rights", as opposed to "intrinsic rights". This distinction characterises "intrinsic rights" as the rights stemming from the issue of the security (voting rights, perception of dividends, ... as provided under company law), whereas "substantive rights", are characterised as the rights resulting from the incorporation of the latter intrinsic rights in the securities (right to dispose and to acquire without the consent of the other shareholders or bondholders): these so-called "substantive rights" are closely linked to the "rights in rem", which itself pertains to financial law, and, if not, to civil law. Making it short, "intrinsic rights" focus the content, whereas "substantive rights" focus on the external envelop constituted by the security. The Geneva Securities Convention, is thus limited to the external aspect of the security, that is to say the way securities are handled, in particular in case of acquisition (purchase, securities borrowing, receiving a collateral on securities) and in case of disposition (sell, security lending, constitution of a collateral on the security).
|
|
The Soviet Union had a nominally supranational pharmacopoeia, the State Pharmacopoeia of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSRP), although the de facto nature of the nationality of republics within that state differed from the de jure nature. The European Union has a supranational pharmacopoeia, the European Pharmacopoeia; it has not replaced the national pharmacopoeias of EU member states but rather helps to harmonize them. Attempts have been made by international pharmaceutical and medical conferences to settle a basis on which a globally international pharmacopoeia could be prepared, but regulatory complexity and locoregional variation in conditions of pharmacy are hurdles to fully harmonizing across all countries (that is, defining thousands of details that can all be known to work successfully in all places). Nonetheless, some progress has been made under the banner of the International Council on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH), a tri-regional organisation that represents the drug regulatory authorities of the European Union, Japan, and the United States.
|
|
Mudhif structures have been one of the traditional types of structures, built by the Arabs of the marshlands in southern Iraq for at least 5,000 years. A carved elevation of a typical mudhif, dating to around 3,300 BCE was discovered at Uruk, and is now in the British Museum.Broadbent, G., "The Ecology of the Mudhif," in: Geoffrey Broadbent and C. A. Brebbia, Eco- architecture II: Harmonisation Between Architecture and Nature, WIT Press, 2008, pp 15-26 Marsh Arab amid the reeds used for building A mudhif is a special type of sarifa; a structure made from reeds which grow naturally in the marshlands and is used by the village sheik as a guest- house.Ochsenschlager, E.L., Iraq's Marsh Arabs in the Garden of Eden, University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004, p. 162 Other types of reed dwelling, such as a raba (with entrances at both ends and used as a family dwelling) or a bayt (strictly a single-room dwelling) are typically smaller than a mudhif and may be used for residential and other purposes.
|
|
It repeals Directive 2004/39/EC. Directive 2004/39/EC was a cornerstone of the European Commission's Financial Services Action Plan, whose measures changed how EU financial service markets operate. It is the most significant piece of legislation introduced in the Lamfalussy process designed to accelerate the adopting of legislation based on a four-level approach recommended by the Committee of Wise Men chaired by Baron Alexandre Lamfalussy. There are three other "Lamfalussy Directives": Directive 2003/71/EC, replaced with Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 on the prospectus to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading on a regulated market, the market abuse directive, and Directive 2004/109/EC on the harmonisation of transparency requirements in relation to information about issuers whose securities are admitted to trading on a regulated market. Directive 2004/39/EC retained the principles of the EU "passport" introduced by Directive 93/22/EEC but introduced the concept of "maximum harmonization", which places more emphasis on home state supervision.
|
|
Founded in 1999 at the conclusion of the International Mayors Summit, the Cities Alliance’s initial members were bilateral aid agencies from the US, Japan, German, the UK, and Canada, in addition to four associations of local authorities. From its inception, the Cities Alliance has been clear in its intention to exclusively "fund partnership-efforts of multiple stakeholders", with the intention of engendering cooperation across the government, NGO, international organization, and citizen advocacy divides to support active local governance, citizenship, and economic growth These efforts implicate "regional staff members in Africa, Asia, and Latin America". The Cities Alliance has additionally "made transparency and access to information an important aspect of its decision-making process" in accordance with principle five of the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. This is one of several ways in which the Cities Alliance is in line with current thinking on the subject. Through their country programmes, for instance, they are strengthening "a framework to enhance cooperation between urban stakeholders, and public and private investments in urban communities", echoing the Paris Declaration’s themes of harmonisation, alignment, and ownership.
|
|
More than three quarters of the revenue of the budget of the European Union is based on the member states' contributions calculated as a uniform percentage rate applied to the sum of all the member states' GNIs.Council Decision (EC,Euratom) 2007/436 of 7 June 2007 on the system of the European Communities’ own resources, Article 2(1c)European Commission: EU budget 2010 – Paving the way for economic recovery, Luxembourg: Publication Office of the European Union, 2009 The GNI-based own resource is governed by Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) 1287/2003 of 15 July 2003 on the harmonisation of gross national income at market prices (the GNI regulation), which lays downs the definition and calculation of GNI. The GNI regulation also specifies the provisions for the notification of the data and related methodological information by the member states to the European Commission (Eurostat). Furthermore, the GNI regulation establishes the procedures to facilitate the verification of the GNI base for own resources, and, where necessary, the improvement of the comparability, reliability and exhaustiveness of the member states' GNI estimates.
|
|
Unless a waiver is granted, the European Medicines Agency mandates that drug companies prepare Pediatric Investigation Plans (PIPs) and conduct clinical trials that will ensure their products are safe and effective in children.REGULATION (EC) No 1901/2006 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 12 December 2006 on medicinal products for pediatric use and amending Regulation (EEC) No 1768/92, Directive 2001/20/EC, Directive 2001/83/EC and Regulation (EC) No 726/2004 “”, According to the International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use Topic E11, Investigators wishing to conduct such trials within the European Union are required to seek the permission of both parents and patients.ICH Topic E11: Clinical Investigation of Medicinal Products in the Pediatric Population “ ”, EMA; Jan 2001 The recommendations of the Ethics Working Group of the Confederation of European Specialists in Paediatrics (CESP) places the onus of deciding at what age assent should be required is delegated on the Independent Ethical Committees for each study or individual healthcare institution, but a general convention has arisen to use the rough ‘rule of sevens’ described above.
|
|
The second half of the book considers the modern history of aboriginal rights, once they had been admitted into what he calls the 'common-law rights-place' as a result of key court judgments. All common-law jurisdictions (Canada in 1973; the United States in 1978; New Zealand in 1986–91; and Australia in 1992 and 1996) experienced the impact of major court judgments dramatically reconfiguring state relations with the tribes. Thrust into the rights-place aboriginal peoples have had to develop the legalism of life inside that habitat. This has presented issues of what McHugh terms 'rights-management' (governance) and '-integration' (ongoing harmonisation/integration of aboriginal rights with other rights such as those of municipalities, gender, resource licensees, environment etc.). In a series of papers from 1995, McHugh began considering the historiographical properties of legal thought and method and legal process, with Andrew Sharp initiating a debate in New Zealand and Australia that has been continued by other academics and writers such as John Pocock (reproduced in his collection of essays "The discovery of islands" in 2005), W. H. Oliver, Bain Attwood and Giselle Byrnes.
|
|
Structurally, it consists of three purely orchestral movements followed by 10Felix Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, Lobgesang: eine Symphonie-Cantate nach Worten der heiligen Schrift; op. 52, p. 198-223. movements for chorus and/or soloists and orchestra, and lasts approximately 65–70 minutes in total. The English titles of the movements are: # Sinfonia: ## Maestoso con moto - Allegro ## Allegretto un poco agitato ## Adagio religioso # All men, all things, all that have life and breath (Chorus) # Praise thou the Lord, O ye Spirit (Soprano Solo and Semi-Chorus) # Sing ye Praise (Tenor Recitative and Aria) # All ye that cried unto the Lord (Chorus) # I waited for the Lord (Soprano Duet and Chorus) # The sorrows of Death (Tenor Aria) # The Night is Departing (Chorus) # Let all men praise the Lord (Chorale of Now Thank We All Our God) # My song shall be always Thy Mercy (Soprano and Tenor Duet) # Ye nations, offer to the Lord (Chorus) The now-standard harmonisation of Now Thank We All Our God was devised by Felix Mendelssohn in 1840 when he adopted the hymn, sung in the now-standard key of F major and with its original German lyrics, as the chorale to Lobgesang.
|
|
However, broad reforms like the fleet renewal and harmonisation, as well as the establishment of profit centers such as the TAROM Maintenance and TAROM Charter services, were not accomplished due to a constant lack of a decision from the company's board of administrators. On 12 September and 29 October 2016, TAROM retired their remaining two Airbus A310-300s after final flights from Madrid to Bucharest. The A310s will be replaced with new smaller aircraft. In May 2017, TAROM received its first of two leased Boeing 737-800s. Another two ex- Malaysian Airlines 737-800 were added to the fleet in 2018 and a contract for five Boeing 737 MAX 8 was signed with deliveries stated to begin in 2023. On 27 December 2019, the Ministry of Transport announced that 9 new ATR 72-600 leased from Nordic Aviation Capital for a 10 year-period would replace the existent ATR 42-500 and 72-500, manufactured in 1999–2000, respectively 2009. TAROM received the first four aircraft in February 2020, with the first one, registered with code YR-ATJ, landing in Bucharest on 18 February 2020, at 2:50 PM EET.
|
|
It is possible to draw axes through many facets of contractual relations, indicating the likely features of such facets in relations falling at different points along the spectrum. What is particularly distinctive about his approach is his postulation of a number of "norms in a positivist sense", of which 10 common contract norms apply to all contracts: (i) role integrity; (ii) reciprocity (or 'mutuality'); (iii) implementation of planning; (iv) effectuation of consent; (v) flexibility; (vi) contractual solidarity; (vii) the 'linking norms' (restitution, reliance and expectation interests); (viii) the power norm (creation and restraint of power); (ix) propriety of means; and (x) harmonisation with the social matrix. By "norms in a positivist sense" Macneil means that they are norms-in-fact, that is to say that they are observable in operation, to distinguish them from norms in the sense of normative as opposed to positive economics. The extent to which a particular exchange relation is in harmony with the norms is likely to influence the success of the relation in terms of its longevity (where appropriate) and the ability of the parties to gain the full range of benefits that the exchange can potentially offer.
|
|
In Europe, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled that it is legal to create temporary or cached copies of works (copyrighted or otherwise) online. The ruling relates to the British Meltwater case settled on 5 June 2014. The judgement of the court states that: "Article 5 of Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society must be interpreted as meaning that the copies on the user’s computer screen and the copies in the internet ‘cache’ of that computer's hard disk, made by an end-user in the course of viewing a website, satisfy the conditions that those copies must be temporary, that they must be transient or incidental in nature and that they must constitute an integral and essential part of a technological process, as well as the conditions laid down in Article 5(5) of that directive, and that they may therefore be made without the authorisation of the copyright holders." On April 17, 2009, a Swedish court convicted four men operating The Pirate Bay Internet site of criminal copyright infringement.
|
|
In the chorale fantasia for organ, a genre as apparent in the 17th-century north German models by Buxtehude and Reincken which Bach knew, the melody of each line of a hymn stanza is treated separately: the treatment consisting of applying diverse techniques, such as echo, countermelodies and other embellishments or variations, to such fragments of the hymn tune, until all phrases of the chorale melody are treated consecutively. Sections in which the phrases of the hymn tune are treated can be connected with transitional passages, for instance in the form of a coda. This is different from a chorale fantasia type of movement in a vocal composition, where the phrases of the chorale melody are usually sung as a cantus firmus, against a backdrop of vocal and instrumental accompaniment and harmonisation, which usually also exhibits independent musical material, often in interludia between the phrases of the hymn. An example of such vocal chorale fantasia by Bach on the "Wo Gott der Herr nicht bei uns hält" hymn, also using the Zahn 4441a melody, is the opening chorus of his chorale cantata named after the hymn, Wo Gott der Herr nicht bei uns hält, BWV 178, composed in the 1720s.
|
|