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"clinker" Definitions
  1. [uncountable, countable] the hard rough substance left after coal has burnt at a high temperature; a piece of this substance
  2. [singular] (North American English) a wrong musical note

690 Sentences With "clinker"

How to use clinker in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "clinker" and check conjugation/comparative form for "clinker". Mastering all the usages of "clinker" from sentence examples published by news publications.

The Norsemen would sail out in clinker-built longships to seek fortune.
Here's a general recipe for Portland clinker (the dried, powdery version of cement).
The bigger ambition is to develop clinker substitutes, which would do more to reduce emissions.
In Portugal, ETE transports cement for Cimpor and clinker and coal for EDP-Energias de Portugal.
About 60% of the waste gas comes from producing clinker, one of the main ingredients of cement.
Solidia claims that its low-clinker concrete slashes CO2 emissions, partly by containing them within the material.
The result, clinker, is mixed with gypsum and ground to make cement, a basic ingredient of concrete.
But Al Jouf Cement rose 0.9 percent after agreeing to sell cement and clinker to Sanad Trading and Marketing.
That produces pea-sized clumps of material known as clinker, which are then cooled and ground into a powder.
To the naked eye or to a regular camera, two lava flows might look the same --covered in gray clinker.
It will be located 100 kilometres outside the Saudi capital Riyadh, with daily production capacity of 20,000 tonnes of clinker.
But it also halted production at a clinker kiln and scrapped a plan to upgrade mills because of weak cement demand.
First, the startup manipulates the chemistry of the cement ingredients so that the kiln will produce clinker at a lower temperature.
Southern Province Cement Co gained 0.8 percent after it signed a contract to export 1.5 million tonnes of clinker to Bangladesh.
" "You know if you issue hundreds of tweets, and every once in a while you have a clinker, that's not so bad.
The entrance hall has a floor of vitrified "clinker bricks" and opens to the dining room, with garden views through a broad bow window.
Gornall, a romantic, chooses the classic, ancient clinker design, about which the reader learns far more than we do about his wife and children.
The clinker is ground and blended with other materials to form what is known as Portland cement; the power used for grinding also normally releases CO2.
A recent report by Johanna Lehne and Felix Preston of Chatham House, a think-tank, does not hold much hope for an early breakthrough on clinker.
Here's how much they would increase cement ("clinker") production costs: As you can see, every low-carbon alternative raises costs more than 50 percent above baseline.
The company has seen its market share plunge to just 10 percent after the clinker plant it built in Tanzania in 2014 failed to generate income.
The Beni Suef plant produced its first clinker in December, while cement production would begin in about 10 days, another official working at the plant said.
But cement and concrete standards usually dictate the Portland clinker content, and builders, architects and customers are understandably wary of new technology, lest their buildings fall down.
ARM Cement, once Kenya's second-largest cement maker, saw its market share plunge after a clinker plant it built in Tanzania in 2014 failed to generate income.
They are thick and slow and covered in solid "clinker" pieces (cooling fragments) that float on top of the flow while the interior stays liquid and pushes forward.
Slender glasses of pistachio sorbet, melt-in-the-mouth panna cotta under a raspberry glaze, lemon sorbet swirled in a champagne glass — there wasn't a clinker in the bunch.
Yanbu Cement jumped 2.7 percent after it signed an agreement to export 1 million tonnes of clinker and half a million tonnes of cement for one year starting in April.
It is produced by grinding limestone, blending it with other natural materials like clay and sand, and heating it in large industrial kilns to form pebble-sized stones called clinker.
Once cooled, the clinker is ground with gypsum, limestone and other additives into the fine gray powder known as portland cement, which is the most widely used type of cement.
But another turd clinker is Three Mile Island, the obsolete and obtuse description of time spent on the Greek island of Hydra, made no more interesting by flirting with its banality.
Do we really need to know what Ole Crumlin-Pedersen, "the leading Danish nautical archaeologist of his day," had to say about the use of temporary molds in clinker-ship building?
The cement and clinker mixer said it had received approval from Nigeria's Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for a 13 billion naira bond, but will issue 60 billion naira for five-years.
Yanbu Cement jumped 4.3 percent to 0.63 riyals as it signed an agreement to export 1 million tonnes of clinker and half a million tonnes of cement for one year starting in April.
The cement and clinker mixer said in April that it was marketing the bond to refinance some dollar-denominated debt at subsidiary United Company of Nigeria (UNICEM), which it bought a year ago.
PPC plans to introduce mixed-cement products with lower levels of clinker, a stony residue from burned coal ground into cement, in order to reduce the level of dust emissions from their products.
These can be replaced with alternatives, from biomass to waste materials such as tyres and municipal solid waste (but not electricity, which at present cannot generate the high temperatures needed to produce the clinker).
Jordan's cement sector, with a capacity of nine million tonnes, is saturated as demand has plunged to around 4 million tonnes and local manufacturers face competition from regional markets where clinker production costs are much lower.
Based on preliminary figures, its fourth-quarter result from current operations before depreciation and amortisation (RCOBD) rose 16.5 percent to 892 million euros, helped by higher cement and clinker sales, beating the 855 million forecast by analysts.
The annual festival also attracted clinker-built rowing boats, Edwardian steamboats, traditional slipper launches, wooden canoes and an armada of the "Little Ships" that braved the Channel in 1940 to rescue British and allied forces at Dunkirk.
ARM Cement, which was once Kenya's second-largest cement maker behind LafargeHolcim's Bamburi Cement, has seen its market share plunge to just 10 percent after the clinker plant it built in Tanzania in 2014 failed to generate income.
Dalmia Cement, an Indian company that already produces a third less CO2 per tonne of cement than the industry as a whole, aims to use less high-carbon clinker in its cement and use only renewable energy by 2030.
Another way to go green is to reduce the amount of clinker in cement by using waste substitutes such as fly ash from coal plants or slag from steel blast furnaces, but these are becoming scarcer and more expensive.
"The acquisition will complement Raysut's revised strategy to manufacture clinker in proximity to the markets it supplies to in East Africa," Raysut said in the statement, adding that the acquisition was estimated to be worth more than $100 million.
Exports of cement and clinker dropped 27.9 percent in 2017 from the prior year, and while vehicle shipments did jump 43.1 percent last year, this was mainly because of an 83.6 percent surge in car exports, which is most likely not related to BRI spending.
The planned RPTs would have allowed Lafarge to deal with YTL on the sale and purchase of construction materials such as clinker, cement and pulverized ash, and also fees for services and rental of properties in Johor and Singapore, according to a circular sent out to shareholders.
The history blog Two Nerdy History Girls, written by two historical fiction authors, found a depiction of a 17th-century milkmaid in Covent Garden in a 1771 novel titled The Expedition of Humphry Clinker, which described the milkmaid thusly: The milk itself should not pass unanalysed, the produce of faded cabbage leaves and sour draff, lowered with hot water, frothed with bruised snails, carried through the streets in open pails, exposed to foul rinsings discharged from doors and windows, spittle, snot, and tobacco-quids from foot-passengers, overflowings from mud-carts, spatterings from coach-wheels, dirt and trash chucked into it by roguish boys for the joke's sake, the spewing of infants who have slabbered in the tin measure, which is thrown back in that condition among the milk, for the benefit of the next customer; and, finally, the vermin that drops from the rags of the nasty drab that vends this precious mixture, under the respectable denomination of milk-maid.
The clinker and reverse-clinker construction techniques involve fastening together an overlapping layer of planks with straight nails (clinker) or hooked nails (reverse clinker). The clinker tradition developed in Northern Europe, while the reverse-clinker technique, although very rarely found worldwide, has been found to be very prevalent among certain South Asian communities, such as that of Orissa in India.
Typical clinker nodules Hot clinker Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of Portland cement as an intermediary product. Clinker occurs as lumps or nodules, usually to in diameter. It is produced by sintering (fusing together without melting to the point of liquefaction) limestone and aluminosilicate materials such as clay during the cement kiln stage.
Clinker bricks take on a special colouring, often greenish tones, if burnt with peat. The Chilehaus and the Ramada Hotel in Hamburg are famous buildings built with peat-fired clinker. The last ring stove for peat-fired clinker still operating is in Nenndorf near Aurich (East Frisia), producing bricks marketed under the name “Wittmunder Torfbrandklinker” (peat-fired clinker of Wittmund).
Map of the Garibaldi Lake area, including Clinker Ridge Clinker Ridge is a mountain ridge in southwestern British Columbia, Canada, located between Garibaldi Lake and the Cheakamus River. Named for Clinker Peak on the western flank of Mount Price, this ridge is one of the two large lava flows from Clinker Peak that ponded against an ice sheet about 9,000 years ago.
"Clinker" is from Dutch, and was originally used in English for bricks; see clinker brick. The term was later applied to hard residue, due to similar appearance.
Medgidia Clinker Storage Facility is the largest dome-type cement clinker storage facility in the world and one of the largest dome-type structures in Romania. It is operated by CRH and situated at Medgidia. The storage facility, which was completed in 2009, can store 250,000 cubic metres of clinker.
Historical floor at the Jagdmagazin, Jagdschloss Grunewald, Germany In Germany, clinker bricks (German: Klinkerziegel) are named according to the German Institute for Standardization's DIN 105. They differ between full clinker (KMz) with a density of and high hole clinker (KHLz) with a density of . Because of their low porosity, clinker bricks are inferior thermal insulators, compared to normal bricks. Canal clinkers are named according to the German Institute for Standardization’s DIN 4051.
Clinker bricks used to form family initials on the Jan Van Hoesen House, a 1700s Dutch house in upstate New York. Clinker brick closeup of bricks in the so-called Clinker building on Barrow street in Greenwich Village, New York City. Clinker is sometimes spelled "klinker" which is the contemporary Dutch word for the brick. Both terms are onomatopoeic, derived from the Middle Dutch klinkaerd, later klinker, from klinken (“to ring, resound”).
Clinker is a general name given to waste from industrial processes, particularly those that involve smelting metals, welding, burning fossil fuels and use of a blacksmith's forge, which commonly causes a large buildup of clinker around the tuyere. Clinker often forms a loose, dark deposit consisting of waste materials such as coke, coal, slag, charcoal, and grit. Clinker often has a glassy look to it, usually because of the formation of molten silica compounds during processing. Clinker generally is much denser than coke, and, unlike coke, generally contains too little carbon to be of any value as fuel.
Modern brick-making techniques do not produce clinker bricks, and they have become rare. Builders can procure clinkers from salvage companies; alternatively, some brickmakers purposefully manufacture clinker bricks or produce imitations.
Clinker section 0.15 x 0.15 mm The minerals in Portland cement clinker may be observed and quantified by petrographic microscopy. Clinker nodules are cut and ground to a flat, polished surface. The exposed minerals are made visible and identifiable by etching the surface. The surface can then be observed in reflected light by optical microscopy.
Greppiner Klinker (clinker of Greppin) is a hard-burnt yellow clinker brick. Greppin clinkers were mainly used for facing railway structures at the end of the 19th and in the early 20th centuries.
"Clinker Gulch: Antarctica" National Geospatial- Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 2018-06-06.
Actual values vary according to mill system efficiency and clinker hardness.
Clinker Peak is a peak on the shoulder of Mount Price in the Garibaldi Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. It is a stratovolcano in the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt, part of the Clinker Ridge on the west side of Garibaldi Lake. Clinker Peak is considered a volcanic vent of Mount Price, and produced two large lava flows approximately 9,000 years ago, that ponded against the retreating continental ice sheet and formed The Barrier, containing Garibaldi Lake. Clinker Peak is about from the abandoned settlement of Garibaldi.
The effect of such a clinker can be to double milling costs.
In 1927, Canadian volcanologist William Henry Mathews (1919–2003) identified Mount Price as Clinker Mountain in articles and journals. The name Mount Price was adopted on September 2, 1930 after a committee of the Garibaldi Park Board was set up to deal with nomenclature. It was requested that the Geographic Board of Canada to adopt Mount Price for this mountain after Thomas E. Price, a former mountaineer and engineer of the Canadian Pacific Railway. Clinker Peak and Clinker Ridge were both officially named on September 12, 1972 to retain Price's earlier name Clinker Mountain.
This is observed macroscopically as "dusting": the clinker nodules fall to a fine dust.
Tull was referred to in Tobias Smollett's 1771 novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker.
This usually involves dropping it into water and removing it quickly with a screw or passing it through a curtain of water sprays. This contributes to the relatively poor energy efficiency of the process, since the sensible heat of the clinker is not recycled as in normal clinker manufacturer. The temperature in the kiln is not necessarily higher than gray clinker production but it appears higher due to the reflectance especially in gas fired kilns (which do have a higher flame temperature). With off-white clinker coal firing can be used which has many advantages for costs and output.
Clinker was the predominant method of ship construction used in Northern Europe before the carvel. In clinker built hulls, the planked edges overlap; carvel construction with its strong framing gives a heavier but more rigid hull, capable of taking a variety of sail rigs. Clinker (lapstrake) construction involves longitudinal overlapping "riven timber" (split wood) planks that are fixed together over very light scantlings. A carvel boat has a smoother surface which gives the impression that it is more hydrodynamically efficient since the exposed edges of the clinker planking appear to disturb the streamline and cause drag.
This reduction is rigorously avoided in gray cement production, because of the deleterious effect it can have on clinker quality. But in white clinker production, where the iron content is low, this is not an issue. Subsequently, to prevent the re-oxidation of the iron, "quenching" is performed. This consists of rapidly lowering the clinker temperature from 1200°C to below 600°C in a few seconds, as it leaves the kiln.
Interest in wake detection re-emerged in the early 1960s, to counter the problem of nuclear submarines. Yellow Duckling was developed further as Clinker. The distinction between the two systems is unclear, but Clinker appears, by name, in 1962 studies. Either Clinker, or Yellow Duckling, was required as a submarine wake detection system for part of OR.350, the Operational Requirement issued for a new maritime patrol aircraft to enter service by 1968.
In May 2003 Clinker made his premiere outside his native Alberta at the 2003 Mutek Festival.
In 2017 the company was producing Ordinary Portland Cement, Sulphate Resistant Cement, Block Cement and Clinker.
This plant includes a 600 tpd Grinding Unit. A two lakhs tonnes clinker grinding unit is there.
In a conventional water impounded hopper (WIH) system, the clinker lumps get crushed to small sizes by clinker grinders mounted under water and fall down into a trough from where a water ejector takes them out to a sump. From there it is pumped out by suitable rotary pumps. In another arrangement a continuous link chain scrapes out the clinkers from under water and feeds them to clinker grinders outside the bottom ash hopper. More modern systems adopt a continuous removal philosophy.
Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development In 2012, regional cement producer PT Semen Bosowa Maros began construction in Maros of a new clinker plant estimated to cost over $300 million. The clinker plant was expected to help the cement company increase production in the region in response to the growing demand for cement to support construction activities.Andi Hajramurni and Raras Cahyafitri, "Bosowo builds $310 million clinker plant", The Jakarta Post, 20 November 2012. Maros Water Park is in Maros.
Reemtsma cigarette factory in Hamburg by Fritz Höger A piece of vitrified brick Clinker bricks are partially-vitrified bricks used in the construction of buildings. Clinker bricks are produced when wet clay bricks are exposed to excessive heat during the firing process, sintering the surface of the brick and forming a shiny, dark-colored coating. Clinker bricks have a blackened appearance, and they are often misshapen or split. Clinkers are so named for the metallic sound they make when struck together.
Clinker nodules produced by sintering at 1450 °C. By far the most common type of cement is hydraulic cement, which hardens by hydration of the clinker minerals when water is added. Hydraulic cements (such as Portland cement) are made of a mixture of silicates and oxides, the four main mineral phases of the clinker, abbreviated in the cement chemist notation, being: :C3S: Alite (3CaO·SiO2); :C2S: Belite (2CaO·SiO2); :C3A: Tricalcium aluminate (3CaO·Al2O3) (historically, and still occasionally, called celite); :C4AF: Brownmillerite (4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3). The silicates are responsible for the cement's mechanical properties — the tricalcium aluminate and brownmillerite are essential for the formation of the liquid phase during the sintering (firing) process of clinker at high temperature in the kiln.
A clinker certainly has a slightly larger wetted area, but a carvel hull is not necessarily more efficient: for given hull strength, the clinker boat is overall lighter, and displaces less water than a heavily-framed carvel hull. As cargo vessels became bigger, the vessel's weight becomes small in comparison with total displacement; and for a given external volume, there is greater internal hull space available. A clinker vessel whose ribs occupy less space than a carvel vessel's is more suitable for cargo which is bulky rather than dense. A structural benefit of clinker construction is that it produces a vessel that can safely twist and flex around its long axis (running from bow to stern).
The Clinker IV event was constituted the Second Crews's Race in 1938 and was rowed in eights from 1957.
One of the major companies operating in Togo is Keras Resources PLC, which plans to mine some 14 million tons at the Nayega manganese mine in northern Togo. The West African Cement Company, formerly Cement West Africa, is responsible for mining limestone in the Tabligbo basin near the coast. In 2002, 1,352,000 tons of limestone mined in Togo were used to manufacture 950,000 tons of clinker. The clinker plant commissioned in 2015 has a capacity for the production of 5,000 tons of clinker per day, amounting to 1.5 million tons per year.
Portland cement clinker is made by heating, in a cement kiln, a mixture of raw materials to a calcining temperature of above and then a fusion temperature, which is about for modern cements, to sinter the materials into clinker. The materials in cement clinker are alite, belite, tri-calcium aluminate, and tetra-calcium alumino ferrite. The aluminium, iron, and magnesium oxides are present as a flux allowing the calcium silicates to form at a lower temperature,McArthur, Hugh, and Duncan Spalding. Engineering materials science: properties, uses, degradation and remediation.
Maud is clinker-built. She is long, with a beam of and a depth of . She is assessed as 20 GT.
Pewett went on to produce the broodmare Clinkerina, whose descendants included the stallion Humphrey Clinker and the double classic winner Exhibitionnist.
In sewage treatment works, the foul water first is screened to remove floating debris. Then it is sedimented to remove insoluble particles. After this, it is sprayed over a filter bed of clinker. Aerobic microbes soon grow in hollows in the clinker, where they kill harmful anaerobic bacteria in the water and remove much of the offensive organic waste.
Toward the end of this series of patents, Ott was the superintendent of experimenters for Edison. , Edison's fluorescent lamp worked using tungsten of calcium and strontium. # ' – Compressing-Dies (1904) # ' – Process of Separating Ores from Magnetic Gangue # ' – Storage-Battery Tray # ' – Reversible Galvanic Battery # ' – Stock-House Conveyor # ' – Method of Burning Portland-Cement Clinker, &c.; # ' – Apparatus for Burning Portland-Cement Clinker &c.
This cement is similar to type I, but ground finer. Some manufacturers make a separate clinker with higher C3S and/or C3A content, but this is increasingly rare, and the general purpose clinker is usually used, ground to a specific surface area typically 50–80% higher. The gypsum level may also be increased a small amount.
Some boats such as the Dutch barge "aak" or the clinker-built Viking longships have no straight stem, having instead a curved prow.
Upon treatment with water, clinker reacts to form a hydrate called cement paste. Upon standing the paste polymerizes as indicated by its hardening.
The greater rigidity of carvel construction became necessary for larger offshore cargo vessels. Later carvel-built sailing vessels exceeded the maximum size of clinker-built ships several times over. A further clinker limitation is that it does not readily support the point loads associated with lateen or sloop sailing rigs. At least some fore-and-aft sails are desirable for manoeuvrability.
In New Zealand, they are also called construction blocks. In Australia they are also called Besser blocks and Besser bricks, because the Besser Company was a major supplier of machines that made concrete blocks. Clinker blocks use clinker as aggregate. In non-technical usage, the terms cinder block and breeze block are often generalized to cover all of these varieties.
Hulks were depicted with a single mast at the amidship that was commonly depicted with a square sail. The hull was constructed using reverse-clinker planking which involves starting clinker planking at the sheer strake and planking down to the keel. A hulk had two castles, one at the bow and one at the stern. Hulks went through two forms of rudder design.
Clinker (boen Gary James Joynes) is a Canadian sound artist, composer, and visual artist from Edmonton, Alberta. Recent work includes the live cinema piece On the Other Side... (for L. Cohen), commissioned by the 2008 Leonard Cohen International Festival in Edmonton, Albertaplwn (May 13, 2010). "Interview with Clinker: Gary James Joynes", Roulette. as well as the soundtrack for the documentary Dirt.
The mode of burning of the clinker is also important. Clinker rapidly burned at the minimum temperature for combination, then rapidly cooled, contains small, defective crystals that grind easily. These crystals are usually also optimal for reactivity. On the other hand, long burning at excess temperature, and slow cooling, lead to large, well-formed crystals that are hard to grind and un- reactive.
These red "clinker" beds are often more resistant to erosion than the silty sandstone, so they appear on the higher parts of bluffs, and buttes on either side of the valleys of the Tongue River basin are often capped by beds of this baked and fused rock that are five to twenty feet thick. Besides the beds of reddish "clinker" larger concretions can be found that appear at first glance to be similar to melted glass or even pieces of volcanic rock. Although of a different appearance than the clinker these odd-looking concretions are also formed by the burning coal beds, with the difference in appearance being due to the difference in content of the material in the overlying bed that was heated to very high temperatures. The reddish "clinker" is crushed and used to surface roads throughout the Tongue River basin.
Tudor Street and Westbank Terrace are notable for their many clinker brick houses, originally Housing Commission of Victoria houses, built on the former Richmond Racecourse.
The first Corribee was designed by Robert Tucker in 1964. Around 10 wooden Corribees were clinker built before production moved to the fibreglass Mk 1. The early Corribees have a centreboard which gives them a minimum draft of , shallow even compared to the bilge-keeled later models which are themselves favoured for their shallow draft. With the centreboard lowered, the Mk 1 clinker Corribee draws .
Renewed activity took place at Clinker Peak on the western flank of Mount Price 9,000 years ago. This produced the Rubble Creek and Clinker Ridge andesite lava flows that extend to the northwest and southwest. After these flows traveled , they were dammed against glacial ice to form an ice-marginal lava flow more than thick known as The Barrier. The Black Tusk viewed from the southeast.
Sekaninaite was first discovered in the Dolni Bory region of the Czech Republic. Its occurrence is in the albite zone of pegmatite in granulites and gneisses (Fleischer, 1977). Sekaninaite is found in pyrometamorphic rocks, extensively rocks formed via process of ancient combustion metamorphism; paralavas, clinkers and buchites. These combustion metamorphic rocks occur in clinker beds and breccias of vitrified sandstone- siltstone clinker fragments cemented by paralava.
White Portland cement or white ordinary Portland cement (WOPC) is similar to ordinary, grey, Portland cement in all respects, except for its high degree of whiteness. Obtaining this colour requires high purity raw materials (low Fe2O3 content), and some modification to the method of manufacture, among others a higher kiln temperature required to sinter the clinker in the absence of ferric oxides acting as a flux in normal clinker. As Fe2O3 contributes to decrease the melting point of the clinker (normally 1450 °C), the white cement requires a higher sintering temperature (around 1600 °C). Because of this, it is somewhat more expensive than the grey product.
Both of these wall treatments are unusual for Albuquerque. The clinker brick was also used to build a wall and walkway in front of the house.
Christian rode Clinker and was narrowly defeated by Osbaldeston on Clasher. William Blew's history of the Quorn Hunt recorded that: > Dick Christian's forte was making hunters.
A pair of kilns with satellite coolers in Ashaka, Nigeria Sysy Early systems used rotary coolers, which were rotating cylinders similar to the kiln, into which the hot clinker dropped.Peray op cit Chapter 18; Hewlett op cit,p. 77. The combustion air was drawn up through the cooler as the clinker moved down, cascading through the air stream. In the 1920s, satellite coolers became common and remained in use until recently.
A comparison of clinker and carvel construction. Carvel frames are much heavier than clinker ribs. Carvel built or carvel planking is a method of boat building in which hull planks are laid edge to edge and fastened to a robust frame, thereby forming a smooth surface. Traditionally the planks are neither attached to, nor slotted into, each other, having only a caulking sealant between the planks to keep water out.
The facade was decorated with rhombic clinker patterns to underline the block character. In addition, the facade was decorated with clinker and terracotta. The facade opposite the Chilehaus is covered with ornaments referencing Hamburg hanseatic history such as seagulls, the coat of arms, cogwheels or sailing ships.Short portrait – Kontorhaus District Numerous ornaments were designed by Ludwig Kunstmann, who also created a fist for the building, which includes a golden hammer.
In the example, a clinker nodule has been polished and etched with hydrogen fluoride vapour. The alite shows as brown, the belite as blue, and the melt phases as white. Electron microscopy can also be used, in which case the minerals may be identified by microprobe analysis. The preferred method to quantify the minerals accurately is X-ray diffraction on the powdered clinker, using the Rietveld analysis technique.
After combustion clinker and ash made up about 35.5 percent by weight of the refuse burned. In 1904 the clinker was used in the filter beds at the municipal sewage works and some had been sold to another municipal sewage works. The steam from the refuse boilers made up about one fifth of the steam required to drive the generating engines. The cost of the destructor plant and chimney was £8,000.
Cletus Josiah "Red" Clinker (January 6, 1911 – January 12, 1979) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of South Dakota in 1942, compiling a record of 5–3. After one season at the helm, Clinker reported for duty at the U. S. Navy Pre-Flight School in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He died on January 12, 1979, in Walnut Creek, California.
In the preheater and the kiln, this SO2 reacts to form alkali sulfates, which are bound in the clinker, provided that oxidizing conditions are maintained in the kiln.
The exhaust gas concentrations of CO and organically bound carbon are a yardstick for the burn-out rate of the fuels utilised in energy conversion plants, such as power stations. By contrast, the clinker burning process is a material conversion process that must always be operated with excess air for reasons of clinker quality. In concert with long residence times in the high-temperature range, this leads to complete fuel burn-up. The emissions of CO and organically bound carbon during the clinker burning process are caused by the small quantities of organic constituents input via the natural raw materials (remnants of organisms and plants incorporated in the rock in the course of geological history).
Ambuja Cements Limited, formerly known as Gujarat Ambuja Cement Limited, is an Indian major cement producing company. The Group's market cement and clinker for both domestic and export markets.
Gypsum is added to clinker primarily as an additive preventing the flash settings of the cement, but it is also very effective to facilitate the grinding of clinker by preventing agglomeration and coating of the powder at the surface of balls and mill wall. Organic compounds are also often added as grinding aids to avoid powder agglomeration. Triethanolamine (TEA) is commonly used at 0.1 wt. % and has proved to be very effective.
Expansive cements contain, in addition to Portland clinker, expansive clinkers (usually sulfoaluminate clinkers), and are designed to offset the effects of drying shrinkage normally encountered in hydraulic cements. This cement can make concrete for floor slabs (up to 60 m square) without contraction joints. White blended cements may be made using white clinker (containing little or no iron) and white supplementary materials such as high- purity metakaolin. Colored cements serve decorative purposes.
Furthermore, heavy metal traces are embedded in the clinker structure and no by-products, such as ash of residues, are produced.Cement, concrete & the circular economy. cembureau.eu The EU cement industry already uses more than 40% fuels derived from waste and biomass in supplying the thermal energy to the grey clinker making process. Although the choice for this so-called alternative fuels (AF) is typically cost driven, other factors are becoming more important.
These are converted during kiln feed preheating and become oxidized to form CO and CO2. In this process, small portions of organic trace gases (total organic carbon) are formed as well. In case of the clinker burning process, the content of CO and organic trace gases in the clean gas therefore may not be directly related to combustion conditions. The amount of released CO2 is about half a ton per ton of clinker.
Under the conditions prevailing in the clinker burning process, non-volatile elements (e.g. arsenic, vanadium, nickel) are completely bound in the clinker. Elements such as lead and cadmium preferentially react with the excess chlorides and sulfates in the section between the rotary kiln and the preheater, forming volatile compounds. Owing to the large surface area available, these compounds condense on the kiln feed particles at temperatures between 700 °C and 900 °C.
They were flat-bottomed, but there is no reliable information whether the bottom was carvel built, as on the cogs, or clinker built, as on Viking ships (the latter is more likely, as the more recent Pomor boats are entirely clinker-built). The keel length of koch was about 10–25 meters (about 30–70 feet). It had 13 combination ribs, each consisting of several details. The keel was also a combination of several parts.
The main components of LC3 are clinker, calcined clay, limestone, and gypsum. Its manufacturing process involves synergetic hydration. Adding large amounts of calcined clay and ground limestone to concrete mixtures, the aluminates from the clay interact with the calcium carbonates from the limestone. The additional alumina in the metakaolin reacts with the ground limestone, leading to a less porous material than other cements and providing equal strength with higher levels of clinker substitution.
It is a fine powder, produced by heating limestone and clay minerals in a kiln to form clinker, grinding the clinker, and adding 2 to 3 percent of gypsum. Several types of Portland cement are available. The most common, called ordinary Portland cement (OPC), is grey, but white Portland cement is also available. Its name is derived from its resemblance to Portland stone which was quarried on the Isle of Portland in Dorset, England.
Pakistan has installed capacity of 44,768,250 metric tons of cement and 42,636,428 metric tons of clinker. In the 2012–2013 cement industry in Pakistan became the most profitable sector of economy.
The council solved the problem by putting the slag company in touch with a local firm that made breeze blocks out of clinker slag; this appears to have abated the nuisance.
Clinker often is reused as a cheap material for paving footpaths. It is laid and rolled, and forms a hard path with a rough surface that presents less risk of slipping than most loose materials. In sufficient thickness such a layer drains well and is valuable for controlling muddiness. However, if laid without sufficient adhesive, it needs frequent rolling and addition of more clinker to maintain the path in good condition if it is subject to heavy foot traffic.
With four rotary kilns, MCL Ammasandra used to produce 1500-2000 metrics of clinker per day. All the clincker was stocked in the largest dome like structure called Reclaimber, which was operated on a single rail. Reclaimber was connected to railway tracks which helped in easy transportation. After many years, in early 2007–08, four rotary Kilns were reduced to two, one for clinker manufacturing and the other was modified for the production of Sponge Iron.
Clinker with Captain Horatio Ross up, after winning the 1826 race against Captain Douglas, who is pictured to the right with his head bent. (John Ferneley) His sporting activities were numerous and were recorded in Sportascrapiana (1867), a collection of anecdotes edited by C.A.Wheeler. He was a fine cricketer, a sculling champion and a prize-winning yachtsman. In 1826, on Clinker, he won a famous steeplechase against Captain Douglas, on Radical, a horse owned by Lord Kennedy.
Clinker is manufactured by heating raw materials inside the main burner of a kiln to a temperature of 1450 °C. The flame reaches temperatures of 1800 °C. The material remains at 1200 °C for 12–15 seconds at 1800 °C for 5–8 seconds (also referred to as residence time). These characteristics of a clinker kiln offer numerous benefits and they ensure a complete destruction of organic compounds, a total neutralization of acid gases, sulphur oxides and hydrogen chloride.
High process temperatures are required to convert the raw material mix to Portland cement clinker. Kiln charge temperatures in the sintering zone of rotary kilns range at around 1450 °C. To reach these, flame temperatures of about 2000 °C are necessary. For reasons of clinker quality the burning process takes place under oxidising conditions, under which the partial oxidation of the molecular nitrogen in the combustion air resulting in the formation of nitrogen monoxide (NO) dominates.
Initially, these clinkers were discarded as defective, but around 1900, the bricks were salvaged by architects who found them to be usable, distinctive, and charming. Clinker bricks were widely admired by adherents of the Arts and Crafts movement. In the United States, clinker bricks were popularized by the Pasadena, California architecture firm Greene and Greene, who used them for walls, foundations, and chimneys. On the East Coast, clinkers were used extensively in the Colonial Revival style of architecture.
The hardness of clinker is important for the energy cost of the grinding process. It depends both on the clinker's mineral composition and its thermal history. The easiest-ground clinker mineral is alite, so high-alite clinkers reduce grinding costs, although they are more expensive to make in the kiln. The toughest mineral is belite, because it is harder, and is somewhat plastic, so that crystals tend to flatten rather than shatter when impacted in the mill.
His most influential novel was his last, the epistolary novel The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771).R. Crawford, Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), , p. 316.
It was used to grind cement clinker and was later converted into a drainage mill. It closed in 1948 and is now a Scheduled Ancient Monument in the care of English Heritage.
Its northern and western flanks are overlapped by smaller volcanic edifices, including Clinker Peak, which was the source for two thick lava flows 15,000–12,000 years ago that ponded against glacial ice. These volcanoes were formed by volcanic eruptions from secondary vents rather than individual ones. As a result, Clinker Peak and other flank volcanoes are interpreted to be part of Mount Price. The mountain is associated with a small group of related volcanoes called the Garibaldi Lake volcanic field.
The koches were traditionally built shell-first, with overlapping planks, following the once-widespread Northern European clinker shipbuilding tradition. Iron rivets and brackets, as long as shrub branches or tree roots, were used to fasten the planks to each other. Ribs were inserted into the hull once the shell of planking was assembled. As these ships were in use as late as early 17th century, this may be by far the last use of the clinker technology on large sea-going vessels.
The Building and Road Institute of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research of Ghana was conducting laboratory tests to evaluate the possibility of producing pozzolana cement from bauxite mining waste (known as red mud or clay). The two companies that produced cement in Ghana, Ghana Cement Works Ltd. and Diamond Cement Ghana Limited used imported clinker, gypsum, and limestone for the manufacturing of cement. About 2 Mt of clinker was imported in 2003 for the production of Portland cement.
A comparison of clinker and carvel construction. Carvel frames are much heavier than clinker ribs. Cogs were a type of round ship, characterized by a flush-laid flat bottom at midships which gradually shifted to overlapped strakes near the posts. They were propelled by a single, large, rectangular sail. Typical seagoing cogs ranged from about 15 to 25 meters (49 to 82 ft) in length with a beam of 5 to 8 meters (16 to 26 ft) and were 40–200 tons burthen.
Contemporary U.S. reviews were mixed to negative. The Iowa Gazette described it as "distinctly average but better than mediocre". The Kentucky Courier-Journal dismissed it as a "clinker", calling it an "inane... funereal mess".
Decorative elements on the facade are also made of clinker brick; in addition, elements (often sculptures) of ceramics were used for the design, most of which have a connection to Hamburg trade and crafts.
Historically, clinker from coal-burning steamships simply was discarded overboard, leaving detectable trails on the seabed of some prominent steamship routes. As such, the deposits have proven to be of both biological and archaeological interest.
Rowland Sidnam Walter "Clinker" Birt (9 August 1890 - 5 June 1948) was a rugby union player who represented Australia. Birt, a number eight, was born in Glasgow and claimed one international rugby cap for Australia.
Gabon also produced an estimated 350,000 metric tons each of clinker and hydraulic cement in 2004. Also in that year an estimated of diamonds (gem and industrial) were produced, along with 70 kg of gold.
Mason is summoned to the Laxter mansion in the dead of night to write granddaughter Wilma out of invalid Peter Laxter's will, to keep her from marrying suspected fortune hunter Doug. Peter dies in a mysterious fire and Laxter's two grandsons, Sam Laxter and Frank Oafley, inherit his estate on the condition old caretaker Schuster and his cat Clinker are kept on. When cat-hating Sam threatens Clinker, Perry steps in and learns Laxter's death was suspicious and the family fortune and diamonds are missing.
165 Based on lithofacies associations and paleofloral composition, the depositional environment fluctuated from an estuarine-influenced coastal plain at the base of the formation to a fluvial-influenced coastal plain at the top. In the geologically recent past, some coal in the formation has spontaneously and naturally combusted to form clinker, red and brick-looking burnt coal. These rocks outcrop irregularly and are up to thick. Clinker is found near deformed zones such as faults or tight folds, and is older than the deformities themselves.
In the European Union, the specific energy consumption for the production of cement clinker has been reduced by approximately 30% since the 1970s. This reduction in primary energy requirements is equivalent to approximately 11 million tonnes of coal per year with corresponding benefits in reduction of CO2 emissions. This accounts for approximately 5% of anthropogenic CO2. The majority of carbon dioxide emissions in the manufacture of Portland cement (approximately 60%) are produced from the chemical decomposition of limestone to lime, an ingredient in Portland cement clinker.
One reason why the carbon emissions are so high is because cement has to be heated to very high temperatures in order for clinker to form. A major culprit of this is alite (Ca3SiO5), a mineral in concrete that cures within hours of pouring and is therefore responsible for much of its initial strength. However, alite also has to be heated to 1,500 °C in the clinker-forming process. Some research suggests that alite can be replaced by a different mineral, such as belite (Ca2SiO4).
With its red clinker mosaique façade and lanterns by the Estonian sculptor Jaan Koort, it is the most prominent building surrounding Freedom Square, and the most beautiful example of expressionist art deco in Tallinn. Red clinker mosaique was soon copied on another of Natus' well-known building on the corner of Pärnu and Roosikrantsi street, only a few hundred meters from the City Hall. This building was inspired by Johann Friedrich Höger's Chilehaus in Hamburg. Natus has also created several functionalistic apartment buildings and private dwellings.
From the early 1920s, around 1000 of these 'clinker' aggregate or 'no fines' houses were built in Edinburgh, Liverpool and Manchester, with 650 being built in Manchester starting in 1924 and taking 3 years to complete. In 2010, the south Manchester suburb of Burnage still displays fine examples of no-fines, clinker construction. Wimpey's design was particularly successful and many thousands were built in the late 1940s and early 1950s. In the late 1950s, the emphasis for public housing moved to high-rise accommodation.
The ship is a Karve, clinker built almost entirely of oak. It is long and broad, with a mast of approximately . With a sail of c. , the ship could achieve a speed up to 10 knots.
Triethanolamine is also used as organic additive (0.1 wt%) in the grinding of cement clinker. It facilitates the grinding process by preventing agglomeration and coating of the powder at the surface of balls and mill wall.
Some the former altars, like Hermen Rodes St. Luke altar, are on permanent exhibit in the St. Annen Museum in Lübeck. The facade is decorated with 20th-century clinker brick sculptures by Ernst Barlach and Gerhard Marcks.
Main cargo to be transported in downstream direction from kakinada to rajahmundry are coal, fertilizer, salt and rock Phosphate. In the upstream direction, rice bran extractions, cement clinker and fertilizers will be the main cargos for transportation.
The reddish siltstone rock that caps many ridges and buttes in the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and in western North Dakota is called porcelanite, which resembles the coal burning waste "clinker" or volcanic "scoria". Clinker is rock that has been fused by the natural burning of coal. In the Powder River Basin approximately 27 to 54 billion tons of coal burned within the past three million years. Wild coal fires in the area were reported by the Lewis and Clark Expedition as well as explorers and settlers in the area.
Habhab is a village in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is the site of the JSW Factory for Clinker Production, owned by Indian 'green' cement producer JSW Cement Group. The facility is planned to have the capability to produce an annual 6 million tonnes of limestone, of which 1.4 million tonnes are to be used for clinker production. A recent initiative to establish majlis or meeting places in remote areas of Fujairah saw a 30-seat majlis with a 400-capacity ballroom for weddings and other community functions opened in 2017 at Habhab.
A bed of clinker up to 0.5 m deep moves along the grate. These coolers have two main advantages: they cool the clinker rapidly, which is desirable from a quality point of view (to avoid that alite, thermodynamically unstable below 1250 °C, revert to belite and free CaO on slow cooling), and, because they do not rotate, hot air can be ducted out of them for use in fuel drying, or for use as precalciner combustion air. The latter advantage means that they have become the only type used in modern systems .
The whiteness of WOPC is measured as the powdered material having a reflectance value ("L value") in excess of 85%. A particular success in the use of WOPC and added pigments is monocouche renders. In some countries an off-white clinker, which gives a reflectance value over 70 when ground, is produced at a cost only a little over normal gray clinker. When this is blended with ground blast furnace slag (up to 60% depending on use and early strength) a cement with reflectance over 80 can be produced.
Furthermore, to make a combinable rawmix, the sand must be ground to below 45 μm particle diameter. Often this is achieved by grinding the sand separately, using ceramic grinding media to limit the chromium contamination. With off-white clinker the calculated Fe2O3 level in clinker is higher (0.6-0.8%) Coal can be used (if the ash has little Fe2O3 or other trace elements). The ash in the coal is helpful in the reaction because it is finer than the ground raw materials and it reaches higher temperatures and is molten in the flame.
This can be partially compensated by adding to the rawmix a combination of calcium and fluoride in the form of calcium fluoride or waste cryolite. This combination lowers the melting temperature. In cases where the clinker Fe2O3 content is above 0.2% (which is almost always the case), the unique processes of "bleaching" and "quenching" are also employed. "Bleaching" involves directing a second flame (apart from that used to heat the kiln) onto the bed of clinker close to the kiln exit to reduce Fe(III) to Fe(II).
Susan VanHecke. "The Accidental Charm of Clinker Bricks", Old House Journal Clinker bricks are denser, heavier, and more irregular than standard bricks. Clinkers are water- resistant and durable, but have higher thermal conductivity than more porous red bricks, lending less insulation to climate-controlled structures. The brick-firing kilns of the early 20th century—called brick clamps or "beehive" kilns—did not heat evenly, and the bricks that were too close to the fire emerged harder, darker, and with more vibrant colors, according to the minerals present in the clay.
205–6 . As guns were made more durable to withstand stronger gunpowder charges, they increased their potential to inflict critical damage to the vessel rather than just their crews. Since these guns were much heavier than the earlier anti-personnel weapons, they had to be placed lower in the ships, and fire from gunports, to avoid ships becoming unstable. In Northern Europe the technique of building ships with clinker planking made it difficult to cut ports in the hull; clinker-built (or clench-built) ships had much of their structural strength in the outer hull.
Some of the second raw materials used are: clay, shale, sand, iron ore, bauxite, fly ash and slag. The clinker surface and its reactions in different electrolytic solutions are investigated by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy.
The Brothers Flub was panned by critics. Joanne Weintraub of the Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel described the show as "a rare clinker with all the noisy hyperactivity of Aaahh!!! Real Monsters and little of the cockeyed charm."Weintraub, Joanne.
The longship was a type of ship that was developed over a period of centuries and perfected by its most famous user, the Vikings, in approximately the 9th century. The ships were clinker-built, utilizing overlapping wooden strakes.
Pyrites occur in several places; Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, and Shanxi have the most important deposits. China also has large resources of fluorite (fluorspar), gypsum, asbestos, and has the world's largest reserves and production of cement, clinker and limestone.
The front cover photograph was taken by Sigurd Olivier and features a cat named 'Sirikit'. The graffiti on the wall was drawn by the McCullagh brothers father. The band photographs on the back cover were taken by Humphrey Clinker.
The cement sector survived the housing crises between 1996 and 2000 by reorienting production toward export markets, including the United States. As a result, in 2003 Colombia provided 5 to 6 percent of U.S. imports of cement and clinker.
In 1985 renovation work was carried out again with a new clinker boat-shape cap fitted with a gallery and a window. The windmill is a private residence and is not open to the public at the present time.
A bypass at the kiln inlet allows effective reduction of alkali chloride cycles and to diminish coating build-up problems. During the clinker burning process, gaseous inorganic chlorine compounds are either not emitted at all or in very small quantities only.
The coal is currently locally sourced from Songea, Ruvuma. Limestone for the production of cement is obtained by surface mining from the company's mine adjacent to the factory. The factory also has closed clinker storage for up to 30,000 MT.
Model of a knarr in the Hedeby Viking Museum in Germany A knarr is a type of Norse merchant ship used by the Vikings. The knarr (, plural ) was constructed using the same clinker-built method as longships, karves, and faerings.
Clinker bricks are also known as Dutch paving bricks. In 18th century New York, the Dutch interspersed dark clinkers with regular bricks. Some used clinkers to spell out their family initials on brick dwellings such as the Jan Van Hoesen House.
371–78; Alexzandra Hildred, "The Fighting Ship" in Marsden (2009), pp. 340–41. During the early stages of excavation of the wreck, it was believed that the ship had originally been built with clinker (or clench) planking, a technique where the hull consisted of overlapping planks that bore the structural strength of the ship. Cutting gunports into a clinker-built hull would have meant weakening the ship's structural integrity, and it was assumed that she was later rebuilt to accommodate a hull with carvel edge-to-edge planking with a skeletal structure to support a hull perforated with gunports.See for example Rule (1983).
To manufacture 1 t of Portland cement, about 1.5 to 1.7 t raw materials, 0.1 t coal and 1 t clinker (besides other cement constituents and sulfate agents) must be ground to dust fineness during production. In this process, the steps of raw material processing, fuel preparation, clinker burning and cement grinding constitute major emission sources for particulate components. While particulate emissions of up to 3,000 mg/m3 were measured leaving the stack of cement rotary kiln plants as recently as in the 1960s, legal limits are typically 30 mg/m3 today, and much lower levels are achievable.
The station's walls are built with clinker bricks laid in a skintled pattern, a combination of two Chicago construction innovations. Clinker bricks were heated at higher temperatures than standard bricks, making them swollen, dense, and differently colored; the bricks were generally discarded until the 1920s, when Chicago architects began to build with them. The skintled pattern of brickwork consisted of rough and irregular bricklaying in which bricks stuck out of and into the wall at different angles. The building's parapet roof is tiled with multicolored Mission style clay tiles, which were thought to pair well with skintled walls by architects of the era.
Building codes will be changed to mandate charging points in new shopping malls and parking lots. Geothermal heating installed capacity totals 3.5 GW thermal (GWt) in 2020 (with the potential for 60 GWt), but it is unclear how much is low-carbon. The largest reduction in emissions from cement production could be made by reducing its clinker content from the current 87 percentfor example, by making LC3 cement (which is only half clinker). The second-largest reduction could be made by switching half the fuel from hard coal and petcoke to a mixture of rubber from waste tires, refuse-derived fuel and biomass.
In Northern Europe the technique of building ships with clinker planking made it difficult to cut ports in the hull; clinker-built (or clench-built) ships had much of their structural strength in the outer hull. The solution was the gradual adoption of carvel-built ships that relied on an internal skeleton structure to bear the weight of the ship.Marsden (2003), pp. 137–142 The development of propulsion during the 15th century from single-masted, square-rigged cogs to three-masted carracks with a mix of square and lateen sails made ships nimbler and easier to maneuver.Rodger (1997), pp.
Eastern roof with the Fortuna sculpture Southern side, mayor's oriel Northern façade with its armillary sphere Western façade facing the Church of Our Lady The new Town Hall, three times larger than the old building, was built from 1909 to 1913, mostly by local construction companies. The result was a fine three-storey Neo-Renaissance building with a clinker- brick façade and a hipped, copper-plated roof. The finish consisted of clinker bricks from Oldenburg and Muschelkalk limestone from Bavaria while Obernkirchen sandstone was used for the interior. Despite the practices of the times, it was decided there should be no tower.
Charlie Huxtable's brother Richard was technical advisor to the clinker-built replicas of the Golden Hind (Sir Francis Drake) and the Mayflower. His great great uncle, Captain Oates, was a member of the ill-fated Scott 1912 expedition to the South Pole.
The "Clinker mare/ sister to Busto" was the direct female ancestor of the British classic winners Rosedrop, Gainsborough, Hycilla, Aurelius, Court Martial and Camaree and other major winners including Sea-Bird, Point Given, With Approval, Izvestia, Touch Gold, High Echelon and Teddy.
The mill tower stands seven storeys high. The cap resembles an upturned clinker boat hull and is a traditional style for Norfolk. The windmill has four sails and a fantail. The mill's scoop wheel stands some way from the mill, which is unusual.
Holcim is headquartered in Jona, Switzerland and holds interests in more than 70 countries worldwide. They employ 71,000 people. Subsidiaries include St. Lawrence Cement (Canada), Aggregate Industries (the UK), and Holcim Apasco (Mexico). The company's products include cement, clinker, concrete, lime, and aggregates.
Clinker consists of various calcium silicates including alite and belite. Tricalcium aluminate and calcium aluminoferrite are other common components. These components are often generated in situ by heating various clays and limestone.Siegbert Sprung "Cement" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2012 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
Side view of the ship The Gokstad ship is clinker-built and constructed largely of oak. The ship was intended for warfare, trade, transportation of people and cargo. The ship is long and wide. It is the largest in the Viking Ship Museum in Oslo.
Phosphate output was 1.2 million tons in 2013. In 2011, its export accounted for 7.5% of the country's exports. Clinker, limestone, and hydraulic cement have marked increased production in recent years. However, diamond production under the Kimberley Process Certification Scheme has shown a decline.
Wolfgang Rudolph, Segelboote der deutschen Ostseeküste, p. 16, 22. Previously a sideboard had been used, which was always attached to leeward side of the boat. Its carvel construction became common in the second half of the 19th century; hitherto clinker construction had been usual.
The first use of one of the company's mills with a grinding-track diameter of just 1.1 m for grinding cement clinker had already been recorded back in 1935. Vertical roller mills for solid fuels. Containerised coal grinding plant CGPmobile. Mobile ore-grinding plant OGPmobile.
Basic pulling skills were taught, usually to Sea Cadets, either in the ASC or in one of a pair of admiralty whalers (a clinker built pulling boat of approximately 28' LOA, slim beam, designed for naval pulling races, but originally a practical ship's boat).
The AHSSA website listed below has more details. At present the class is raced out of the Sydney Flying Squadron in Sydney and the Brisbane 18 Footers Sailing Club Inc. There are also bi-annual challenges against the New Zealand 18’ Kauri-Clinker M Class.
SAIL has incorporated a joint venture company with M/s Jaiprakash Associates Ltd to set up a 2.2 MT slag based cement plant at Bhilai. The company shall commence cement production at Bhilai by March'2010, whereas clinker production at Satna shall start within 2009.
J. C. Beasley, Tobias Smollett: Novelist (University of Georgia Press, 1998), , p. 1. His most influential novel was his last, the epistolary novel The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771).R. Crawford, Scotland's Books: a History of Scottish Literature (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), , p. 316.
The presence of heavy metals in the clinker arises both from the natural raw materials and from the use of recycled by-products or alternative fuels. The high pH prevailing in the cement porewater (12.5 < pH < 13.5) limits the mobility of many heavy metals by decreasing their solubility and increasing their sorption onto the cement mineral phases. Nickel, zinc and lead are commonly found in cement in non-negligible concentrations. Chromium may also directly arise as natural impurity from the raw materials or as secondary contamination from the abrasion of hard chromium steel alloys used in the ball mills when the clinker is ground.
It consists of a mixture of calcium silicates (alite, belite), aluminates and ferrites—compounds which combine calcium, silicon, aluminum and iron in forms which will react with water. Portland cement and similar materials are made by heating limestone (a source of calcium) with clay or shale (a source of silicon, aluminum and iron) and grinding this product (called clinker) with a source of sulfate (most commonly gypsum). In modern cement kilns many advanced features are used to lower the fuel consumption per ton of clinker produced. Cement kilns are extremely large, complex, and inherently dusty industrial installations, and have emissions which must be controlled.
Early boats were generally of clinker construction and varied from , although once in the 1930s pretty much all the designs were . Initially gaff rigs were the norm, but as the class entered the 1930s Punt owners adopted Bermuda rigs. Today many of the early Punts have been lovingly and painstakingly renovated or rebuilt, transformed into varnished works of art. Some have been brought into the 21st century, sporting carbon spars, trapezes and composite sails atop their beautiful, near-century old clinker hulls. Whatever the owners’ personal choices, these older boats are well loved and still very fast, offering near- 29er-type speed in an elegant package.
Ship construction techniques can be categorized as one of hide, log, sewn, lashed-plank, clinker (and reverse-clinker), shell-first, and frame-first. While the frame-first technique dominates the modern ship construction industry, the ancients relied primarily on the other techniques to build their watercraft. In many cases, these techniques were very labor-intensive and/or inefficient in their use of raw materials. Regardless of differences in ship construction techniques, the vessels of the ancient world, particularly those that plied the waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the islands of Southeast Asia were seaworthy craft, capable of allowing people to engage in large-scale maritime trade.
In the Middle Ages that preceded the early modern era, shipbuilding mainly utilized clinker building techniques, in which wooden hull planks were laid in an overlapping fashion so that they are both easier to construct and is lighter. A common form of a clinker-built ship is Nordic longship associated with the vikings. These vessels had the advantage of allowing a certain degree of twisting. However, carvel construction techniques, which involve hull planks being laid smoothly next to each other, allowed for much larger vessels that displaced more water, allowing for a much larger cargo capacity, which is necessary for long distance maritime travel.
Each time they were used they had to be dragged and sifting out the large pieces of 'clinker' became a regular occupation. After all of this work it was inevitable that you would travel home with red socks and red legs caused by the fine dust.
Collins English Dictionary - "Strake" (also called "streak") nautical: one of a continuous range of planks or plates forming the side of a vessel. from traditional wooden boat building methods, used in both carvel and clinker construction. In a metal ship, a strake is a course of plating.
Thus one can today see that the vessel has both clinker hull and carvel hull. Anna Karoline got new owners in 1903, they installed a 16 hp engine. After Johan Bjørvik and Ole Schiefloe bought Anna Karoline she was used during the yearly fisheries in Lofoten.
The first manufacturing company in Ada, the Portland Cement Company, installed the first cement clinker in Oklahoma in 1910. American Glass Casket Company began manufacturing glass caskets in 1916, but the business failed. Hazel Atlas Glass bought the plant in 1928 and produced glass products until 1991.
250px250px Chilanga Cement is a company of Zambia. Chilanga is principally a cement company, producing cement and cement clinker. The company also sales aggregates from a quarry it operates in Chilanga. The company is headquartered in Chilanga (Lusaka), Zambia which is close to Lusaka, the national capital.
It stands prominently on its own near the Holzhafen. The building was rebuilt in 1999 to designs of the architects Bahl and Partners. The building was dismantled down to its foundations. The façade was reconstructed out of clinker, glass and metal to preserve its historic appearance.
Barnstone later specialised in manufacturing cements for the mining industry. The premises were later owned by Lafarge. Manufacture of cement clinker ceased in May 2006, leaving Barnstone as a specialist cement-grinding and blending operation.Cement kilns – Barnstone Retrieved 17 November 2016.150th anniversary Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Lower Staircase is the lower, eastern portion of Skelton Glacier, between The Landing and Clinker Bluff in the Hillary Coast region of the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. It was surveyed and given this descriptive name in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1956–58.
During the clinker burning process CO2 is emitted. CO2 accounts for the main share of these gases. CO2 emissions are both raw material-related and energy-related. Raw material-related emissions are produced during limestone decarbonation (CaCO3 -> CaO + CO2) and account for about half of total CO2 emissions.
This is usually termed an "alkali bleed" and it breaks the recirculation cycle. It can also be of advantage for cement quality reasons, since it reduces the alkali content of the clinker. However, hot gas is run to waste so the process is inefficient and increases kiln fuel consumption.
The interior of the church. The church was built of red clinker brick with stone architectural details in brown-red and beige. There are three naves, in a basilica enriched with a high turret in the north-east corner. An elongated, closed choir is in the north- west.
Construction is steel framework filled with clinker. The row of uniform structures is articulated by staircases between the individual buildings. They are connected by a closed- roof colonnade in front of them, providing a view of the lake and river. The roofs could be used as sun terraces.
North Foreland Lighthouse was the UK's last-manned lighthouse until 1998. Portland cement was developed in Northfleet, Kent, by William Aspdin, son of Joseph Aspdin. The development was to heat the ingredients to around 1450C, producing clinker. Previously, temperatures were taken to only 800C, which was not enough.
Binani Cement Limited is engaged in the production and sales of cement and clinker based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It is the flagship subsidiary of Binani Industries Ltd. The Company is certified as ISO9001, ISO14001 and OHSAS18001 compliant. The Company's subsidiaries include Krishna Holdings Pte Limited, Muku, Dubai (BCFLLC).
It consists of basalt cobbles for the carriageway, sandstone curbs and clinker brick walkways. From 1908, several prostitutes have been recorded as house owners. After the eastern entrance to the Rampenloch was closed with a wall in around 1960, the street is now only accessible from the Königswall.
The privately owned Holcim (Réunion) S.A. is the most significant producer of mineral products in Réunion. In 2006, the company produced an estimated 400,000 t of cement by grinding imported clinker. The company also produced 1.3 million metric tons of aggregates from plants at Bras Panon and Saint-Joseph.
About 1.5 million red clinker bricks were used for the construction. The building has a square base one meter high and an edge length of 13.77 meters. The first floor is square with an edge length of 9.35 metres. There is a memorial hall surrounded by 28 pillars.
Bulk carrier at the Kwinana Bulk Terminal Kwinana Bulk Terminal, operated by Fremantle Ports, serves for the export and import of bulk cargoes such as coal, gypsum and cement clinker, operating from the KBB2 jetty. The jetty, almost 500 metres long, is home to Kwinana Bulk Berth 2 (KBB2), and facilitates ships loading and unloading bulk products such as cement clinker, mineral sands, silica sands, coal, iron ore, bauxite, gypsum, nut coke, slag and various other commodities. The commodities are stockpiled in sheds and in the open. The jetty has two ship unloaders, No.4, with a minimum rate of 400 tonnes per hour, and No.5, with a minimum rate of 1200 tonnes per hour.
Humber Keel and Sloop Preservation Society - Humber Keel Origins , accessed 6 February 2011 Early keels were designed to work in waterways which were only deep, but could still carry 40 to 50 tonnes of cargo.The Shell Book of Inland Waterways, (1981), Hugh McKnight, David and Charles, Such boats were clinker-built, meaning that the planks overlapped one another, but this gradually gave way to carvel construction, where the planks join edge to edge. First the bottom of the hull was carvel-built, with the sides still clinker-built, and then the whole boat used the newer method.Humber Keels and Keelmen, (1988), Fred Schofield, Terence Dalton Ltd, Keels were constructed to a variety of sizes, between long and between wide.
Hobnail Peak () is a triangular rock bluff immediately south of Mount Tricouni, on the east side of Skelton Glacier in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was explored in 1957 by the New Zealand party of the Commonwealth Trans- Antarctic Expedition (1956–58), and named in association with Clinker Bluff and Mount Tricouni.
Included within the scheduled area are a section of tram-road, built to serve the furnaces, and a large lump of clinker, known as 'the bear'.Gloucestershire Archaeology News, Summer 2003 The site is now preserved as an industrial archaeological site of international importance and is open to the public.
Clinker from the remains of burnt refuse was used to make mortar. The manure works was a filthy environment, filled with dust. Enginemen were paid 7¼d, firemen 6½d, and general labourers 4½d. The fertiliser was transported from the works via railway to local filtration plots for disposal.
This involved emptying the ash and clinker from the smokebox and grate into an ashpit sunk between the tracks. This was a particularly dirty job. After completely cleaning out the boiler the engine was run to the water cranes, where the engine's water tanks were refilled. The next stop was the sanding point.
Port of San Pedro de Macoris is located on the Higuamo river, San Pedro de Macoris, Dominican Republic. This port is mainly used to discharge bulk fertilizer, cement, clinker, coal, wheat, diesel and LPG. It is also used to export sugar and molasses produced by several sugar cane mills in the region.
Halsnøy boat, detail of the bow. A sewn boat is a type of wooden boat which is clinker built and planks sewn, stitched, tied, or bound together with tendons or flexible wood, such as roots and willow branches.A.H.J. Prins, 1986. Handbook of Sewn Boats: The Ethnography and Archaeology of Archaic Plank-Built Craft.
Due to climbing energy costs in Pakistan and other major cement-producing countries, Iran is in a unique position as a trading partner, utilizing its own surplus petroleum to power clinker plants. Now a top producer in the Middle-East, Iran is further increasing its dominant position in local markets and abroad.ICR Newsroom.
Nick then runs into Drake's band, allowed back on board to collect their instruments. When he questions them, he learns that the bandleader had many enemies, among them Buddy Hollis. Musician Clarence "Clinker" Krause agrees to help Nick track Buddy down, but they have no luck. Nick and Nora visit a hostile Janet.
Embassy of Vietnam in Dar es Salaam Trade volume between the two countries in 2014 was around $156 million. With Vietnam exporting over $105 million worth of goods to Tanzania. Main exports from Vietnam to Tanzania include, Cement clinker and rice. Tanzania is the second largest buyer of Vietnamese rice after Philippines.
The Montanhof is characterised by the typical – and in this case repeatedly – recessed upper floors. The facade of the clinker brick building is decorated with numerous Art Deco decorations. Hans and Oskar Gerson designed another building in the quarter, the Meßberghof. In cooperation with Fritz Wischer, Max Bach built the "Hubertushaus" office building.
Marsden believed the ship to resemble a river vessel known as a "shout". The Blackfriars IV was a clinker-built vessel, built around the 15th century. The vessel was estimated to be very small, only wide. It was possible that it was a local river craft that was used to unload larger vessels.
The yoal, often referred to as the ness yoal, is a clinker-built craft used traditionally in Shetland, Scotland. It is designed primarily for rowing, but which also handles well under its traditional square sail when running before the wind or on a broad reach. The word is cognate with yawl and yole.
This former commercial park on Schlesischen Straße 26 is distinguishable by its traditional clinker brick façade and transom windows. After refurbishment, the interior was converted into business lofts, which are rented out Armo Verwaltungsgesellschaft mbH. The colloquial name Wasserschloss comes from its position at the mouth of the Landwehrkanal into the river Spree.
Photomicrograph (0.11mm) of clinker polished section showing calcium aluminoferrite (white) and tricalcium aluminate (grey) occupying interstitial space between alite (blue) and belite (orange) crystals. These are false (interference) colors. Calcium aluminoferrite () Ca2(Al,Fe)2O5) is a dark brown crystalline phase commonly found in cements. In the cement industry it is termed ferrite.
FATA is "Fabrica Anonima Torinese Automobili". Wire wheels on Aurea are "clinker" or "B.E." type rims of French Michelin origin at 18 inches diameter and are identical to that of the FIAT 509 model (some FIAT's have "Dunlop" brand as similar). Brake front end type is very similar to that of the "Amilcar".
In these systems, the feed entering the rotary kiln is 100% calcined. The kiln has only to raise the feed to sintering temperature. In theory the maximum efficiency would be achieved if all the fuel were burned in the preheater, but the sintering operation involves partial melting and nodulization to make clinker, and the rolling action of the rotary kiln remains the most efficient way of doing this. Large modern installations typically have two parallel strings of 4 or 5 cyclones, with one attached to the kiln and the other attached to the precalciner chamber. A rotary kiln of 6 x 100 m makes 8,000–10,000 tonnes per day, using about 0.10-0.11 tonnes of coal fuel for every tonne of clinker produced.
"Program Faculty: Gary James Joynes" , Programs at The Banff Centre."Dirt", Film Collection - National Film Board of Canada. He is fascinated by the sources of electronic composition and the ever-evolving language of technology; objects and mechanisms stimulate his process. As Clinker, his work explores meditative spaces and the kinesthetic and synesthetic effects of sound and visuals. Recent work includes "On the Other Side..." a Live Cinema piece commissioned by the 2008 International Leonard Cohen Festival. A film score for the National Film Board of Canada's award-winning feature documentary "DIRT" was composed by Clinker and premiered at the Vancouver Doxa Festival in May 2008. His 2007 Live Cinema performance work "Provody" was selected to open the Mutek Festival 8TH. edition in Montreal.
Started his racing career on 21 June 1814 by walking over for the Tyro Stakes at Newcastle. In September he beat Agapanthus and a filly by Clinker to win a Sweepstakes of 20 guineas each over the last mile of the Pontefract course. These were his only two races as a two-year-old.
Kaolin is sometimes found in association with coal deposits. It may be possible to use coal washery waste, oil shale and spent oil shale ash. Off- white clinker has a calculated C3A (tricalcium aluminate) of 7-9%. When blended with ground granulated blast furnace slag it can meet requirements for sulfate resistance and low heat.
The first consignment of cement left Aberthaw works by rail in 1914. A third wet kiln was ordered in 1913 and erected in 1916 during the first World War, and a fourth kiln was added and running by June 1958. This brought clinker capacity to 1200 tonnes per day. In 1967, Kiln 5 () was installed.
6 in. and the grid height is 58 ft. The rectangular proscenium arch is flanked by large boxes in the form of a ship's transom, decorated with plaster-work representing clinker planks each surmounted by a canopy bearing a pair of ship's lanterns. The two-tiered auditorium has panelled walls under a domed ceiling.
The buildings were mainly made of a reinforced concrete skeleton construction. The new buildings were to be individually designed. Characteristic features are clinker brick facades and copper roofs. In order to make the street canyons more open at the top, the upper floors are often set back from the main front of the house.
Clinkers are frost resisting and, thus are suited particularly for facades. The formats of the clinker stones are named according to the German Institute for Standardization’s DIN 1053. Base for the different formats is the normal format (NF) with length , width and height . For facade layouts architects also order clinkers produced in special dimensions.
In his review in The New York Times, Howard Thompson called the film "a dull, silly, tedious clinker" and "an old- fashioned, haunted-house spooker." The Los Angeles Times called it "an unusually appealing love story" with "genuinely spine-tingling suspense."Thriller Is Stylish, Romantic Thomas, Kevin. Los Angeles Times 12 Feb 1965: C14.
The major inland navigation routes are shown., Mercia, "Mercia: The Beginnings", by Sarah Zaluckyj. Zaluckyj states that the Angles travelled up river valleys, specifically mentioning the Trent and Nene. These sites, such as Dorchester on Thames on the upper Thames, were readily accessible by the shallow-draught, clinker- built boats used by the Anglo-Saxons.
The hullform is designed for bent wood, laid with overlapping ends (clinker- built), easy for amateur builders with low budgets. However, the association has been reasonably flexible. In 1949, they approved carvel-built boats (ends of the hull planking butt, rather than overlap). In 1976, an inexpensive (gun- shot flock) fiberglass hull was approved.
Boat resembling a fembøring on the Vefsna A fembøring is an open, clinker- built, wooden boat of the Nordland or Åfjord type, with similar proportions and appearance as smaller boats of the type (such as faerings). Fembørings traditionally are constructed of fir or pine, are rowed or sailed, and were used as fishing boats.
However, there is also basaltic lava at the volcano characterized by a rough or rubbly surface composed of clinker called ʻaʻā. The clinkery surface covers a massive dense core, which is the most active part of the flow. As pasty lava in the core travels downslope, the clinkers are carried along at the surface.
Buildings on the square include Bremen Cathedral, the Town Hall of Bremen, Bremen Landesbank, the Deutsche Bank am Domshof, SEB Bank (formerly BfG), the Schifffahrtsbank and the Bremer Bank. The buildings around the Domshof are relatively uniform in construction, being made of sandstone (e.g. Bremer Bank) and dark red or clinker brick (e.g. the town hall and the Landesbank).
It consists of three sections, each 25 metres long. The central arch, of riveted cast iron, is salvaged from the Marschallbrücke, which was rebuilt in the 1990s. The concrete piers are clad in Berlin's traditional yellow clinker brick. In a nod to railway history, the concrete cap of the northern pier reads 'Berlin' and the southern 'Anhalt'.
Port of Cabo Rojo was built by the Aluminum Corporation of America (Alcoa) for exportation of bauxite and limestone. Currently it has two installations for the Grapnel exportation with a Dolphin Harbor type. This terminal is operated by a Colombian company called Cementos Andino (Andino Concrete), and they handle operations to export clinker, limestone, bauxite and concrete.
The square also still fulfils transport functions. The roadways are cobbled, and red paving stones have been laid over the park areas. The surrounding buildings fit in quite harmoniously with their red-brick façades or red clinker dressing. Atypically, the village church does not stand right on the square, but rather one row of buildings back.
The Bank Houses area later became known as "nobs hill", a reference to relative wealth of their occupants compared to the residents of the clinker brick public housing that was added later. The Housing Commission area was known as 'Little Baghdad'.Australian Places - Garden City The Garden City post office in Centre Avenue has been open since 1945.
Some ships built with clinker, such as the Mary Rose, had to be rebuilt with a freeboard to be pierced. Gunports also provided aeration to the cluttered ships. To this end, it was possible to either open the lid, like when bearing the guns, or to open a smaller door in the lid. File:Carronade mg 5103.
Tadoussac was freed on 21 November. Tadoussac was sent to Port Weller Shipyards in December 2000, for a $20 million CAD conversion. CSL initiated the conversion to comply with contractual obligations to clients in the cement clinker and iron ore trades. She was widened; her self-unloading machinery was completely replaced and had dust suppression equipment installed.
Hathor is clinker-built. Her interior has an Egyptian theme designed by Norwich architect Edward Boardman (1833-1910), who was married to Florence Colman. She is long, with a beam of and a draught of . She is assessed as 23.01 GT. Hathor has not been fitted with an engine and relies on wind and quanting for propulsion.
The Roadhouse pre-dates the American Craftsman style, yet contains many of the elements that are found in it. From the flared "Oriental" eves, to the "clinker" brick fireplace. The use of natural redwood shingles and the windows to take in the light and warmth. The interior wainscoting and the hardwood floors which were covered with oriental rugs.
It was billed as Washington's first triple-auditorium indoor theater.Hartl, John "At the Movies; 'Lady Ice' is a Clinker [Movie Notes]" Tempo [The Seattle Times] September 7, 1973. p. 2 The Everett Mall Cinemas I, II and III opened on February 13, 1974 with a seating capacity of 1,300. The opening attractions were The Sting, Serpico and American Graffiti.
A yole is a clinker built boat that was used for fishing particularly in the north of Scotland. The best known of these is the Orkney Yole. They were rigged for sail or used as rowing boats. The yole is a Nordic design and closely related in shape to the Shetland Yoal and Sgoth Niseach of the Outer Hebrides.
The Roadhouse pre-dated the American Craftsman style, yet contained many of the elements that are found in it. From the flared "Oriental" eves, to the "clinker" brick fireplace. The use of natural redwood shingles and the windows to take in the light and warmth. The interior wainscoting and the hardwood floors which were covered with oriental rugs.
It started production in 2002 with annual production of 700,000 tonnes of cement and was inaugurated by former President John Kufuor of Ghana in 2004. The company in February 2014, completed a 2.5 km rail siding connecting it to the Togo Railway network, giving access to the port of Lomé, Togo, for easy delivering of clinker for cement production.
During the trial, two witnesses for the defense unexpectedly died. Private detective Polly Gould was found dead in her apartment of disputed causes.Wire Services (Monday, August 19, 1957), "Defense Identifies 'Row 35' Occupant'," Tucson Daily Citizen (Tucson, Arizona), p. 25Lee Belser (Wednesday, August 21, 1957), "Death Puts Clinker Into Hot Libel Trial," Anderson Daily Bulletin (Anderson, Indiana), p. 14.
In the first phase (2005–2007), the EU ETS included some 12,000 installations, representing approximately 40% of EU CO2 emissions, covering energy activities (combustion installations with a rated thermal input exceeding 20 MW, mineral oil refineries, coke ovens), production and processing of ferrous metals, mineral industry (cement clinker, glass and ceramic bricks) and pulp, paper and board activities.
The devices themselves were in poor condition by Hatton's time, as his illustrations show portions of them broken away. It is clear, however, that the seals bore a lion on one side, and a clinker-built galley with sails furled on the other side.McDonald (2016) p. 341; McDonald (2007b) pp. 55–56, 204–205; Rixson (1982) pp. 127–128.
Salme, Estonia is a small borough in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, in western Estonia. The Salme shipfind consisted of two clinker-built ships discovered in Salme, one with the remains of seven persons found in autumn 2008, and another with 33 in 2010.The First Vikings Salme school The population of Salme as of January 1, 2016 was 1195.
Instead, the - originally light yellow - clinker bricks and the cornices made of solid natural stone masonry are now visible, as was the case previously with the Verbindungsbahn and the Berliner Stadtbahn. Visually, the vaults stood in stark contrast to the white plastered station buildings, except in the light rail, the architect has planned or executed no further brick facades.
Steam locomotive blastpipe manhole and bridge clamp ; : A container beneath the furnace, catching ash and clinker that falls through the firebars. This may be made of brickwork for a stationary boiler, or steel sheet for a locomotive. Ashpans are often the location of the damper. They may also be shaped into hoppers, for easy cleaning during disposal.
Vertical roller mills for cement raw material. With two, three, four and six rollers, these mills were used for the first time in the 1930s to grind cement raw material. Vertical roller mills for cement clinker and blast furnace slag. Vertical roller mills are traditionally used for processing granulated blastfurnace slag and for grinding composite cements.
List of world records in rowing A double sculling skiff has a similar layout to a double scull and is rowed in a similar way but usually has a cox as well as two rowers. It is clinker built with fixed seats and thole pins and can be skiffed for leisure purposes or for the sport of skiff racing.
He returned invalided to Portsmouth on 31 October 1822. As second lieutenant of , Gardiner he was at Newfoundland in 1824, and in 1825 returned to England in charge of Clinker. He was promoted to commander on 13 September 1826. After that, although he often applied for positions in the Royal Navy, he never succeeded in obtaining another appointment.
The Barrier was formed about 9,000 years ago, when large lava flows emanated from Clinker Peak on the west shoulder of Mount Price. The large lava flowed towards the Cheakamus River valley. At the time of eruption, the valley was filled by glacial ice. The lava flow was stopped by the ice and ponded, eventually cooling to form an ice-marginal lava flow.
The line between Dingwall and Invergordon was finally ready, and it too opened, on 25 March 1863.According to Vallance, Clinker, and Lambert, page 32. Ross says on page 34 23 May 1863; Thomas and Turnock say 25 May 1863 on page 316. Quick says 23 March 1863 (at various station entries.) The Invergordon station was close to the shore of Cromarty Firth.
Bottom ash can be extracted, cooled and conveyed using dry ash handling technology. When left dry the ash can be used to make concrete, bricks and other useful materials. There are also several environmental benefits. Bottom ash may be used as raw alternative material, replacing earth or sand or aggregates, for example in road construction and in cement kilns (clinker production).
The boat was built using the Clinker method of constructing hulls. The boat was fitted with two sliding or drop-keels and two water-ballast tanks. The lifeboat had two masts of which the fore-mast carried a dipping lug sail and the mizzen mast a standing lug sail. The boat had two drop keels and was fitted out with water ballast tanks.
On top of the arches, ten sculptures, decoratively patterned, are supported on columns. Originally, the longitudinal building façade at the Langenstrasse was decorated and structured by two dormers which were, however, not preserved. The lower portion of the Langenstrasse façade consists of clinker-bricks. The saddleback roof originally had several dormers which were replaced later on by more modern, higher dormers.
Internal framing may be added to the planks after they are sewn in, providing additional rigidity. While wooden pegs (often called treenails) can be used to fasten thicker clinker planks, this technique only works if the planks are thick enough to hold the pegs. Because of this, large ships were often built using pegs, while smaller boats would use sewn planks.McCarthy, M., 2005.
It travelled down Rubble Creek to the Cheakamus valley, depositing of rock. The southwest lava flow forms a mountain ridge called Clinker Ridge. In contrast to the Mount Cayley and Mount Meager massifs, no hot springs are known in the Garibaldi area. However, there is evidence of anomalously high heat flow in Table Meadows near the southern flank of Mount Price.
For this reason, beehive kilns never made more than 30 tonnes of clinker per batch. A batch took one week to turn around: a day to fill the kiln, three days to burn off, two days to cool, and a day to unload. Thus, a kiln would produce about 1500 tonnes per year. Around 1885, experiments began on design of continuous kilns.
They condense on the exhaust gas route due to the cooling of the gas and are partially adsorbed by the raw material particles. This portion is precipitated in the kiln exhaust gas filter. Owing to trace element behaviour during the clinker burning process and the high precipitation efficiency of the dust collection devices, trace element emission concentrations are on a low overall level.
The clinker is next ground to cement (perhaps after a drying stage). Here calcium sulfate is added to control set, in the form of a high-purity grade of gypsum or anhydrite. In some specifications (not ASTM), a small amount of titanium dioxide may be added to improve reflectance. At all stages, great care is needed to avoid contamination with colored materials.
Lapstrake hull schematic Working up from a stout oaken keel, the shipwrights would rivet the planks together using wrought iron rivets and roves. Ribs maintained the shape of the hull sides. Each tier of planks overlapped the one below, and waterproof caulking was used between planks to create a strong but supple hull. Remarkably large vessels could be constructed using traditional clinker construction.
It was initially used to grind cement clinker, using chalk from Whitlingham near Norwich and clay dredged from Oulton Broad or Breydon Water, both brought to the mill by wherry.Local character area 19 - Halvergate marshes (excluding Bure loop and the west of Tunstall dyke) Broads landscape character assessment, Broads Authority, 2006. Retrieved 2014-02-20. These materials were fired at nearby kilns.
John operated the firm Poel Brothers out of North Street and it is possible some of his brothers also assisted him in running it. The company provided many services including: Carriers to London; Horse Motor and Steam Cartage and Haulage Contractors; and Clinker, Sand, Ballast, Hogging, Hardcore etc. supplied."Romford: A History" by Brian Evans. A 2006 book by the local historian.
Clinker, C R, Letter in the Railway Magazine, October 1955 Construction of the short line (4½ miles) did not take long, and it was opened to goods traffic on 1 June 1855. Colonel Yolland of the Board of Trade inspected the line for passenger operation on 26 July, and approved it. Accordingly, on 10 August 1855 the line opened for passenger traffic.
It was long and made 78 tons of cement clinker a day. In 1912 Ernest Newell and Company of Misterton, Nottinghamshire supplied a second and larger rotary kiln, and the old chamber kilns were taken out of use. In 1918 the GWR replaced the 1899 signal box. In 1924 Edgar Allen and Company of Sheffield supplied a third rotary kiln, which was long.
In 1974, the surrounding area was flooded by the Keban Dam, leaving the castle on an island five kilometers away from the northern shore of the new artificial lake. It is close to the boundary of the Elazığ province. The castle's walls are completely made of natural stone blocks. In the southern walls, clinker and blue tiles were also used.
An oselvar under construction. Oselvar on Os Kommune coat of arms Oselvar with sail The Oselvar or Oselver is a small wooden rowing boat traditionally built and used along the west coast of Norway. The Oselvar is a clinker built boat with thin, very wide planks. Almost all parts of an Oselvar are made of pine, with only the keel of oak.
View of Liebfrauenkirche from west south west, from Obernstraße Unser Lieben Frauen Kirchhof (German: Our Loving Lady Churchyard) is a central square in Bremen between the Bremer Marktplatz, Obernstraße, Sögestraße and the Domshof. The square is used as a flower market. The appearance of the square is quite consistent: sandstone (as in the church), dark brick (as in the Rathaus) and clinker brick.
Pakistan's cement industry is also fast growing mainly because of demand from Afghanistan and from the domestic real estate sector. In 2013 Pakistan exported 7,708,557 metric tons of cement. Pakistan has an installed capacity of 44,768,250 metric tons of cement and 42,636,428 metric tons of clinker. In 2012 and 2013, the cement industry in Pakistan became the most profitable sector of the economy.
As high temperatures were necessary, the open end was of small diameter and chimney-shaped to conserve heat and to induce greater draught through the kiln. Layers of limestone, shale and timber were hand-packed in each kiln, leaving space for a flue. The doors were then sealed and the kilns fired. The resulting batch of clinker was then removed.
In the Highlands and Islands, the longship was gradually succeeded by (in ascending order of size) the birlinn, highland galley and lymphad,S. Murdoch, The Terror of the Seas?: Scottish Maritime Warfare, 1513–1713 (Leiden: Brill, 2010), , pp. 2–3. which, were clinker-built ships, usually with a centrally-stepped mast, but also with oars that allowed them to be rowed.
The tower is constructed from Norfolk red bricks and has five storeys. Mill description On the top of the tower there was a Norfolk clinker boat style cap with a six- bladed fantail. The cap had a gallery and a petticoat around the base of the cap. The mill had four sails with double shutters each with eight bays of three shutters.
From this body diverge two long angled wings which host the patients. The Peasant house in Latina, with a central tower and strutting wings, was demolished in the sixties. The dairy in Pescara, also demolished ın 2010 amidst much controversy and legal fıghts, was a three-body building upholstered with Clinker, whose central body façade had a treble glass wall.Di Marco (2011), p.
The tower mill at East Runton dates from at least 1826Bryants Map of 1826 when it is shown on Bryants map. The mill has now been restored and is a private dwelling. The mill was last worked in 1908 and has a cap that resembles an upturned clinker-built boat. This style of top is known as the Norfolk style.
Limestone Calcined Clay Cement is a low-carbon alternative to the standard Portland cement. LC3 can reduce CO2 emissions related to cement manufacturing of cement by reducing the amount of clinker, replacing it with limestone and calcined clays. Low-grade kaoline clays can be used for the production of LC3 and are abundantly available in many parts of the world.
On the outside of the home is a wraparound porch protected by the roof which includes overlapping gabled dormers. There are large, L-shaped brick piers on the porch which, along with the chimneys, was built using clinker bricks. These cast-off bricks were also used to build the large brick foundation. Landscaping features purple wisteria that hangs on the porch.
The film received generally mediocre reviews: Retrieved October 2, 2013. Time Out London said, "The mystery is how Fraker, a gifted cameraman who made a superb directing debut in Westerns with Monte Walsh, could produce such a clinker as this." The Los Angeles Times said "you can have a very good time watching it."LEGENDARY MASKED MAN RIDES AGAIN Thomas, Kevin.
A new method of construction was introduced that used spruce planking running the length of the aircraft in place of the formed plywood, and the D.III was adapted using this technique to produce D.IV triplane and D.V biplane, both powered by the D.III's 160 hp Mercedes. The fuselage shell's construction technique for these aircraft resembled a clinker-planked boat hull in appearance when finished, and was named Klinkerrumpf (clinker body) construction, and was also patented by the firm. A further adaptation of the D.IV with the 185 hp Benz Bz. III resulted in the Roland D.VI, which was entered in the First Fighter Competition trials at Adlershof in early 1918. Although the Fokker D.VII won that contest, the D.VI was also ordered into production as it used a different engine, and by the end of the war about 350 had been delivered.
These were 16 ft. clinker built, centreboard craft, three-quarter decked, with sliding gunter rig. They were not particularly fast but were sea worthy in all conditions. Until 2001 the Clubhouse was a two-storey brick building, built in a cruciform shape, and designed by the late Captain Ivan Snell, MC. With a large restaurant and bars on the first floor, together with a balcony.
The reasons are not certain, but output had not reached 20 tons a week,Richard Newman, The Origins of the Cinderford Coke Iron Furnace, page 13 which was exceptionally low. The difficulties may have been due to poor technical expertise, the unsuitability of the local coke, or perhaps both. A large amount of clinker still exists at the site, but no other surface remains are visible.
Architectuul: Chile House Höger constructed several other buildings, more prominently a publishing office which included a planetarium, the Anzeiger-Hochhaus (Gazette-Building) between 1927-1928. The 51m high building was the first skyscraper in Hannover.(German) Anzeiger-Hochhaus It features a now green copper dome and red clinker bricks offset with a decorative gold. The dome originally housed a planetarium, and is now a cinema.
The early Falmouth Quay Punts were clinker built open boats, about 18 ft. in length, rigged with a standing lug on the mainmast and a jib-headed mizzen. With large numbers of ships coming in to Carrick Roads, there was not much need to seek business outside the confines of the harbour. With the coming of steam, the newer punts were of a very different design.
The Nydam Societys homepage Norse herring boat By 1000 A.D. the Norsemen were pre-eminent on the oceans. They were skilled seamen and boat builders, with clinker-built boat designs that varied according to the type of boat. Trading boats, such as the knarrs, were wide to allow large cargo storage. Raiding boats, such as the longship, were long and narrow and very fast.
Viking boat showing clinker planking. Early fishing vessels included rafts, dugout canoes, and boats constructed from a frame covered with hide or tree bark, along the lines of a coracle.McGrail 2001, page 431 The oldest boats found by archaeological excavation are dugout canoes dating back to the Neolithic Period around 7,000-9,000 years ago. These canoes were often cut from coniferous tree logs, using simple stone tools.
Sewn boats start with the construction of the skin of the boat, rather than the frame, resulting in a monocoque type of structure. Carefully shaped planks are connected at the edges, usually in the clinker style, with overlapping sections which are sewn together. As the planks are placed together, the skin begins to bend into the desired shape. The resulting structure is highly flexible.
The Salme ships are two clinker-built ships of Scandinavian origin discovered in 2008 and 2010 near the village of Salme on the island of Saaremaa, Estonia. Both ships were used for ship burials here around AD 700–750 in the Nordic Iron Age and contained the remains of more than 40 warriors killed in battle, as well as numerous weapons and other artifacts.
They are usually complex proprietary formulations containing Portland clinker and a number of other ingredients that may include limestone, hydrated lime, air entrainers, retarders, waterproofers and coloring agents. They are formulated to yield workable mortars that allow rapid and consistent masonry work. Subtle variations of Masonry cement in the US are Plastic Cements and Stucco Cements. These are designed to produce a controlled bond with masonry blocks.
Of the fluorine present in rotary kilns, 90 to 95% is bound in the clinker, and the remainder is bound with dust in the form of calcium fluoride stable under the conditions of the burning process. Ultra-fine dust fractions that pass through the measuring gas filter may give the impression of low contents of gaseous fluorine compounds in rotary kiln systems of the cement industry.
In 2020 Athlone Yacht Club/ Lough Ree Yacht Club will be celebrating 250 years of existence and one of the chief events to celebrate the occasion will be 'Clinkerfest', a celebration of the Clinker built boats introduced in Ireland by the Vikings 1000 years ago. Competing over the Whit weekend will be International 12 footers, Water Wags, IDRA 14s, Mermaids, Colleens and of course Shannon ODs.
They were clinker built, which is the overlapping of planks riveted together. Some might have had a dragon's head or other circular object protruding from the bow and stern for design, although this is only inferred from historical sources. Viking ships were not just used for their military prowess but for long-distance trade, exploration and colonization.Jones, Gwyn, A history of the Vikings (Oxford 2001).
Viking ships varied from other contemporary ships, being generally more seaworthy and lighter. This was achieved through use of clinker (lapstrake) construction. The planks from which Viking vessels were constructed were rived (split) from large, old-growth trees—especially oaks. A ship's hull could be as thin as one inch (2.5 cm), as a split plank is stronger than a sawed plank found in later craft.
The seals were less numerous than the previous year and the castaways were facing another winter with a greater threat of starvation. The decision was made to work on the ship's clinker dinghy. They enlarged the dinghy by raising the gunwales, adding a false keel and decking it over. Captain Musgrave made sails from the Graftons sails which had previously been on the roof of the cabin.
World Heritage explained - Kontorhaus district The ground plan of the building adapts to the Schopenstehl and Kattrepel streets, which run at a slightly acute angle. The rounding off of the building towards the street corner was unusual for the time and became stylistically influential for many of the following buildings. The four upper floors were built in clinker brickwork. The two plinth floors are plastered.
The lifting bridge, when it was an exhibit at Snibston The island was also the location of Stephenson's Lifting Bridge, which carried the Swannington Railway over the Soar Navigation. The bridge was designed by Robert Stephenson,Clinker, C.R. (1977) The Leicester & Swannington Railway Bristol: Avon Anglia Publications & Services. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological Society Volume XXX, 1954. and was operated by steam.
The kilns produced a clinker which was ground to a powder in the windmill. At this time the cement works supported a small settlement with 11 inhabited houses and a chapel. Cement production closed down in 1880 and in 1883 the windmill was converted into a drainage mill to drain the surrounding marshland. The mill closed in 1948 when it was replaced by motor pumps.
The Samuel Merrill House is a historic house located at 1285 N. Summit Ave. in Pasadena, California. Noted Pasadena architects Charles and Henry Greene designed the American Craftsman style house, which was built for conservationist Samuel Merrill in 1910. The single-story, "L"-shaped house is built from redwood and Arroyo stone, giving it a natural appearance; it also uses clinker brick for decoration.
BUA initially began operations with a floating cement clinker, re-bagging the products before it went on to purchase controlling interest in the struggling Edo Cement plant. Majority of the firm's raw materials are found close to its plant locations in Edo and Sokoto States. The company was listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange in January 2020 with a market cap of $3.2 billion.
China Resources Cement Holdings Limited (CRC) (), parented by China Resources, is a leading cement and concrete producer in Southern China. It is the largest NSP clinker and cement producer in Southern China by production capacity and the second largest concrete producer in China by sales volume.China Resources Cement Holdings LimitedChina Resources Cement Holdings Limited It was established in 2003 and incorporated in Cayman Islands.
The largest human impact on the carbon cycle is through direct emissions from burning fossil fuels, which transfers carbon from the geosphere into the atmosphere. The rest of this increase is caused mostly by changes in land-use, particularly deforestation. Another direct human impact on the carbon cycle is the chemical process of calcination of limestone for clinker production, which releases .IPCC (2007) 7.4.
However, there was technological change. The different traditions used different construction methods; clinker in the north, carvel in the south. By the end of the period, carvel construction would come to dominate the building of large ships. The period would also see a shift from the steering oar or side rudder to the stern rudder and the development from single to multi-masted ships.
The buildings were constructed in the functionalist style from dichromatic brick using iron oxide and clinker bricks with soldier courses. The platform buildings feature distinctive Art Deco style vertical 'fins' extending above the awnings at both ends. While all three buildings remain today, the exteriors have been painted over and the original internal fit-outs removed. The station is deemed to have local heritage significance.
In 1913, nine Brothers players represented Queensland in the interstate clash in Sydney and helped the team to a 22 – 21 victory. In addition to Pat Murphy and Jimmy Flynn these players were M. J. McMahon, R. McManus, Hugh Flynn, Vin. Carmichael, Tom Ryan, Bill Morrissey and Joe Russell. Another Brothers player to be selected for state and country during these years was R. 'Clinker' Birt.
The original boats were clinker built and used Kauri as the main timber. The rig was a gunter designed so that all the spars could be stowed inside the boat for towing. These wooden cutters are still in use today including the first built. They continued to be built in the original manner until the early 1970s; around 140 were built over this period.
The Orville Jackson House in Eagle, Idaho, is a brick and stucco, -story Tudor Revival structure designed by Tourtellotte and Hummel and constructed in 1932. The house features a decorative diamond pattern of clinker brick visible on the chimney. Projecting clinkers are evident also in the brickwork of the first floor outer walls. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
Portland clinker is the main constituent of most cements. In Portland cement, a little calcium sulfate (typically 3-10%) is added in order to retard the hydration of tricalcium aluminate. The calcium sulfate may consist of natural gypsum, anhydrite, or synthetic wastes such as flue-gas desulfurization gypsum. In addition, up to 5% calcium carbonate and up to 1% of other minerals may be added.
Metzingen station in 1906 The station building is a two-storey building with gabled roof. The windows and doors on the ground floor differ from the windows upstairs as they are built in the Rundbogenstil (“round arch style” or Romanesque Revival). The exterior walls in the ground and first floors consist of light-colored sandstone. The facade of the gabled-roof storey is bright red clinker brick.
He was portrayed in the novel Humphry Clinker by Tobias Smollett as a bungling fool, ignorant of all geography, who is convinced that Cape Breton is not an island.McLynn p.97 Newcastle was played in the 1948 film Bonnie Prince Charlie by G. H. Mulcaster. He also features in the British television series City of Vice, which covers the early years of the Bow Street Runners.
The Naval whaler was derived from the commercial whaleboat which were successful sea boats that were launcher from the whaleships in pursuit of whales. These were clinker built craft that were propelled by oars or two sails, a foresail and a mainsail. The first reference to ‘whaleboats’, was in 1756. They were introduced into Royal Naval service around 1810, when they were called ‘whale- gigs’.
Natural cement is produced in a process that begins with the calcination of crushed dolomite in large brick kilns, fired initially by wood and then by coal transported to Rosendale by the D&H; canal. The resulting clinker is ground into progressively smaller particles. The final product is a fine powder of 50 mesh size. Unlike Portland cement, Rosendale cement does not require mixing of chemical additives.
In 1976 an industrial license for the manufacture of cement was obtained. Palakkad Malabar Cement factory The Company was incorporated on 11 April 1978 and commenced cement production at its Walayar plant in April 1984. An expansion program added a 2.0 lakh ton clinker-grinding unit at Cherthala in Alappuzha district in August 2003. A 2.5MW multi-fuel power plant for Walayar was commissioned in June 1998.
Ghillies employ a smaller, better-built version for fly fishing on Scottish rivers. Local boat-builders constructed the clinker-built cobles locally as required, without the use of plans. The craftsmanship on many boats gave them a long working life. They had a reputation as dangerous to sail for an inexperienced crew, but in the hands of experts could move both safely and speedily.
The major raw material for the clinker-making is usually limestone (CaCO3) mixed with a second material containing clay as source of alumino-silicate. Normally, an impure limestone which contains clay or SiO2 is used. The CaCO3 content of these limestones can be as low as 80%. Secondary raw materials (materials in the raw mix other than limestone) depend on the purity of the limestone.
Portland cement clinker was first made (in 1825) in a modified form of the traditional static lime kiln.R G Blezard, The History of Calcareous Cements in P C Hewlett (Ed), Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, 4th Ed, Arnold, 1998, A C Davis, A Hundred Years of Portland Cement, 1824-1924, Concrete Publications Ltd, London, 1924G R Redgrave & C Spackman, Calcareous Cements: their Nature, Manufacture and Uses, London, 1924 The basic, egg-cup shaped lime kiln was provided with a conical or beehive shaped extension to increase draught and thus obtain the higher temperature needed to make cement clinker. For nearly half a century, this design, and minor modifications, remained the only method of manufacture. The kiln was restricted in size by the strength of the chunks of rawmix: if the charge in the kiln collapsed under its own weight, the kiln would be extinguished.
Large numbers of boats were built beside the Stainforth and Keadby Canal. Richard Dunston set up a boatyard at Thorne, on the north bank just below the lock, in 1858, after selling his previous boatyard at Torksey. He initially constructed clinker-built sailing barges, capable of carrying up to 80 tons. The boatyard was fairly self-contained, using timber which was grown locally and was sawn by hand at the yard.
On many occasions he showed his willingness to help persons in distress. His character is summarised by Smollett in Humphry Clinker. As an actor his manner was charged with an excess of gravity and deliberation; his pauses were so portentous as in some situations to appear even ludicrous; but he was well fitted for the delivery of Milton's poetry, and for the portrayal of the graver roles in his repertory.
The major raw material for the clinker-making is usually limestone mixed with a second material containing clay as a source of alumino-silicate. Normally, an impure limestone which contains clay or silicon dioxide (SiO2) is used. The calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content of these limestones can be as low as 80%. Second raw materials (materials in the rawmix other than limestone) depend on the purity of the limestone.
Junk vessels employed mat and batten style sails that could be raised and lowered in segments, as well varying angles. The longship was a type of ship that was developed over a period of centuries and perfected by its most famous user, the Vikings, in approximately the 9th century. The ships were clinker-built, utilizing overlapping wooden strakes. The knaar, a relative of the longship, was a type of cargo vessel.
Later, the volcano was overridden by the Cordilleran Ice Sheet. After the ice sheet had retreated from higher elevations, andesite eruptions from a satellite vent created a small lava dome on Price's northern flank. Possibly contemporaneous volcanism occurred at Clinker Peak about 10,000 years ago with the eruption of two hornblende-biotite andesite lava flows. They are both over thick and long, extending to the northwest and southwest.
Starting in the 8th century in Denmark, Vikings were building clinker-constructed longships propelled by a single, square sail, when practical, and oars, when necessary. A related craft was the knarr, which plied the Baltic and North Seas, using primarily sail power. The windward edge of the sail was stiffened with a beitass, a pole that fitted into the lower corner of the sail, when sailing close to the wind.
Mount Price is one of the three principal volcanoes in the southern segment of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt. In contrast to most stratovolcanoes in Canada, Mount Price has a nearly symmetrical structure. It is one of the several Garibaldi Belt volcanoes that have been active in the Quaternary period. Clinker Peak, a breached volcanic crater on its western flank, was formed during a period of volcanic activity about 10,000 years ago.
Bye G.C. (1999), Portland Cement 2nd Ed., Thomas Telford. pp. 206–208. Energy requirements are lower because of the lower kiln temperatures required for reaction, and the lower amount of limestone (which must be endothermically decarbonated) in the mix. In addition, the lower limestone content and lower fuel consumption leads to a CO2 emission around half that associated with Portland clinker. However, SO2 emissions are usually significantly higher.
The existing port facilities allow the handling of practically all kinds of solid bulk, break-bulk, containerized and some liquid-bulk cargoes. Principal exports include urea, soda ash, cement, clinker, silica, fertilisers, grain, containers and ro-ro. Principal imports are coal, metals, ores and ore concentrates, oil, phosphates, timber, molasses, containers and ro-ro. Since 2006, Port of Varna serves as a hub for BP and German wind turbine manufacturer Saga.
The garboard planks are narrow and remain only slightly wider to take the turn of the bilge. The topside planks are progressively wider. Each oak plank is slightly tapered in cross section to allow it to overlap about 30mm the plank above and below in normal clinker (lapstrake) style. Iron rivets are about 180 mm apart where the planks lie straight and about 125 mm apart where the planks turn.
The kiln is dwarfed by the massive preheater tower and cooler in these installations. Such a kiln produces 3 million tonnes of clinker per year, and consumes 300,000 tonnes of coal. A diameter of 6 m appears to be the limit of size of rotary kilns, because the flexibility of the steel shell becomes unmanageable at or above this size, and the firebrick lining tends to fail when the kiln flexes.
It rises 305 meters above glaciated basement rocks. The tuya formed by effusion of flatlying flows within erratics on its summit and lack of erosional features attributable to glacial suggest that The Table was also formed during the early Holocene. Clinker Peak is a stratovolcano on the west shoulder of Mount Price on the west side of Garibaldi Lake. It has produced two large lava flows about 9,000 years ago.
The 'Trading Wherry' developed from the Keel. It is double-ended, its hull painted black with a white nose to aid visibility after dusk. Most trading wherries were clinker-built, but Albion, surviving today, was the sole example to be carvel-built. They carry a gaff rig, the sail historically also black from being treated with a mixture of tar and fish oil to protect it from the elements.
The characteristic greenish-gray to brown color of ordinary Portland cement derives from a number of transition elements in its chemical composition. These are, in decreasing order of coloring effect, chromium, manganese, iron, copper, vanadium, nickel and titanium. The amount of these in white cement is minimized as far as possible. Cr2O3 is kept below 0.003%, Mn2O3 is kept below 0.03%, and Fe2O3 is kept below 0.35% in the clinker.
The section from Agbonou to Atakpame has since been closed. A 58 km long branch line was opened in 1979, linking Togblekovhe and Tabligbo. The branch line, closed from 1984 until 1990, handles clinker transport. After the withdrawal of passenger services between Lomé and Blitta in mid-1998, and their reinstatement in November 1998, a mixed train runs to Blitta on Saturdays, with the return service running on Sundays.
Bronze was retired from racing to become a broodmare. She produced twenty-one foals in eighteen years (including four sets of twins) before her death in July 1827. The best of her offspring on the racetrack was her third foal Busto, sired by Clinker, a colt who won the Newmarket Stakes in 1812. It was through Busto's unnamed full sister, foaled in 1816, that Bronze's influence on the Thoroughbred continued.
The aircraft was subsequently rebuilt in a modified form. The flat bottomed hulls were replaced with a pair of clinker- built hulls made by the South Coast Yacht Agency of Shoreham, each with a pair of tandem cockpits; the Gnome engines were replaced by a single Sunbeam 150hp water-cooled engine driving a slightly smaller propeller and wing area was increased by slightly increasing the span of the upper wing.
Strakes are joined to the stem by their hood ends. General wooden boat information A rubbing strake was traditionally built in just below a carvel sheer strake. It was much less broad but thicker than other strakes so that it projected and took any rubbing against piers or other boats when the boat was in use. In clinker boats, the rubbing strake was applied to the outside of the sheer strake.
He also started a few ventures with two foreign partners: Dizengoff and Coutinho Caro, the partners promoted Mid-West Cement Co, a cement clinker plant in Koko and Unameji Cabinet Works. Okotie Eboh got married in 1942 and together with his wife, started a string of schools in Sapele. The first school was Sapele Boys Academy, followed with Zik's College of Commerce. In 1953, he started Sapele Academy Secondary School.
The Cement Company of Northern Nigeria was incorporated in 1962 as the first cement manufacturing firm in the Northern Nigeria region. The first plant was built by a West German engineering firm at the cost of three million pounds. The capacity of the first plant was 200,000 tonnes per annum producing through a dry process kiln. Throughout its operations, technical and management difficulties affected the running of the clinker.
The Voreifel Railway was opened on 7 June 1880. The station buildings at Bonn-Duisdorf, Kottenforst, Meckenheim (Bz Köln), Rheinbach, Odendorf and Kuchenheim (spelt Cuchenheim until 1936) were built at this time. The other buildings stations between Duisdorf and Kottenforst were based on designs by Johannes Richter (1842–1889) and built from clinker brick. The station buildings of Duisdorf, Odendorf and Kuchenheim were built on the same plan.
Comparison between clinker build and carvel built ship hull The jekt was used as a freight vessel along the Norwegian coast from around the 17th century and until the early 20th century,Gøthesen, 1980, pp. 9-11 when the use steadily declined. The vessel type was built from Hardanger in the south to Beiarn in the north. At most around 200 jekts sailed from Northern Norway to Bergen with stockfish.
This is achieved by rapid cooling, forming crystals that are small, distorted and highly defective. Defects provide sites for initial water attack. Failure to cool the clinker rapidly leads to inversion of belite to the γ-form. The γ-form has a substantially different structure and density, so that inversion leads to degradation of the crystal and its surrounding matrix, and can also trigger decomposition of the neighboring alite.
The southern building was used as an entrance and service building. It allows access to the station and is located on Kasseler Straße. It is a typical railways clinker building and was optimised for the special functions of railway operations of the 1920s. A small waiting room and the ticket counter was on the ground floor and the sometimes covered platform for trains running to Erfurt was reached via steps.
A cog Cogs were single-masted vessels, clinker-built with steep sides and a flat bottom Mcgrail (1981), p.36 Although the name cog is recorded as early as the 9th century,Mcgrail, 1981, p.36 the seagoing vessel of that name seems to have evolved on the Frisian coast during the 12th century.Crumlin Pederson (2000) Cogs progressively replaced Viking-type ships in Northern waters during the 13th century.
From the 9th century, Vikings raided Britain but were also traders. King Alfred raised a navy to counter this and the first sea battle against them is thought to have been fought in 875 AD. The Viking longship was clinker built, utilising overlapping wooden strakes and curved stemposts. It was propelled by both oars and sail. There was a steering oar at the back on the right-hand side.
On 29 June she won a second Stamford Gold Cup, beating Lydia and Clinker. At Brighton in August she won the Somerset Stakes over four miles and the Brighton Gold Cup over the same distance two days later. At Newmarket she defeated the Duke of Grafton's horse Musician in a subscription race over the Beacon Course on 3 October and Lord Lowther's Brainworm in a similar event two weeks later.
However sculling ability and sweep-oar rowing ability are not the same. Powerful and accomplished sweep-oar rowers may be unable to demonstrate their ability in a single scull, where balance and technique are more critical. A single Thames skiff has a similar layout to a single scull but is clinker-built with fixed seats and tholes instead of outriggers and can be skiffed for leisure outings or in competitive races.
The modern design was much under debate already long before the constructions started.See the number of articles in architectural reviews, from 1928 on, in: Entry in Berlin's list of monuments with further sources . The basic structure of the church is a concrete skeleton, clad by the façades, finely structured on the long sides and of even masonry on the narrow sides, all in clinker brick. Höger preferred that material.
The 1912–13 season was the first season in which Swansea Town (now known as Swansea City) took part in league and cup football. The club was elected to Division Two of the Southern Football League. Swansea's first official match was played on 7 September 1912 against local rivals Cardiff City at the Vetch Field. All of Swansea's home games for the 1912–13 season were played on a 'Clinker pitch'.
It was not cleared until the late 1950s when Hepworth and Grandages acquired the site and levelled it to expand their engineering works. The iron works also used the area north of Lower Lane as additional tipping space; eventually it was covered by a plateau of slag and clinker about 50 feet deep. Clearance for re-development has only recently started. Map 4 shows the locations of these sites.
The line obtained the Royal Assent in 1830 and the first part opened in 1832.Clinker, C.R. (1977) The Leicester & Swannington Railway Bristol: Avon Anglia Publications & Services. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological Society Volume XXX, 1954. The line was only the fifth such line to be authorised, opening six years before the London and Birmingham, and required techniques, particularly for the tunnel, that were then virtually untried.
In 2006, the two countries approved a trade and investment agreement and granted each other most favored nation status. Bangladesh's chief exports to Cambodia include garments, footwear and leather goods, knitwear, pharmaceuticals, tableware, home linen, textile, seafood and marine products, tea, potatoes, jute and jute goods, light engineering products, spices, cosmetics, ceramic and melamine products, toiletries etc. Cambodia mainly exports cotton, edible oil, fertilizer, clinker, staple fibre, yarn, etc. to Bangladesh.
During Phase 1 all permits will be allocated freely without the employment of the auction system. Three sectors including grey clinker, oil refinery and aviation will receive free allowances based on data analysis of previous activity. A reserve will maintain approximately 5% of the total allowances for purposes of market stabilization or accepting new entrants. Any surplus of allowances not allocated to specific entities will also be kept in the reserve.
That the wreckage has been left relatively free of sea worm damage has been attributed to the brackishness of the waters. The ship is also significant for being carvel-built, the oldest such found in Nordic waters, which were at the time dominated by clinker-built ships. Surveys of the wreck indicate the ship had a length of and a beam of . The keel is oriented northeast to southwest.
Faerings are clinker-built, with planks overlapped and riveted together to form the hull. This type of boat has a history dating back to Viking-era Scandinavia. The small boats found with the 9th century Gokstad ship resemble those still used in Western and Northern Norway, and testify to a long tradition of boat building. Faerings may carry a small sail, traditionally a square sail, in addition to oars.
The fabric and finishes provide an important means by which Boyd's design intentions are brought to fruition. The dark clinker bricks of the ground floor provide a solid visual grounding for the overhanging Oregon timber-finished first floor walls (stained grey to be in harmony with surrounding gum trees). These were materials which Boyd believed to be 'rather "back to the forest" - a natural look which suits Australia.
In 1963 a Dragon-class enthusiast wanted a smaller boat with the feel of a Dragon, but with "a cruising ability all her own" and commissioned a design from Robert Tucker.Jan / Feb 1999 issue (W14) of Water Craft pp 39-42 Robert Tucker’s 1963 drawings bear the working name of "Sea Nymph"; the inspiration for her name came from fishing on the banks of Loch Corrib in Galway, Ireland.Jan / Feb 1999 issue (W14) of Water Craft pp 39-42Copies of Robert Tucker's original drawings dated 1 December 1963 Corribee was clinker-built in mahogany on oak at Tommy Mallon's yard by Loch Corrib in 1964 / 65. Corribee, sail number 1, eventually lent her name to the entire class of "Corribees".Jan / Feb 1999 issue (W14) of Water Craft pp 39-42 Some 10 or so wooden clinker "Corribees" were built at Tommy Mallon's Yard before construction moved to Heron Marine at Herne Bay, who built a lighter plywood-planked version.
Until the end of the First World War causeways had been built to connect all the villages so that many farmers bought for the first time a horse from demobilised army stocks in 1918.Johannes Rehder-Plümpe, „Die Gebäude der Findorff-Siedlungen“, in: Die Findorff-Siedlungen im Teufelsmoor bei Worpswede: Ein Heimatbuch, Wolfgang Konukiewitz and Dieter Weiser (eds.), 2nd, revis. ed., Bremen: Edition Temmen, 2013, pp. 125-146, here p. 137\. . In the 1920s every village paved at least one causeway, usually connecting to the closest paved highway, typically with turf-fired clinker (). In the years 1928 and 1929 in Schlussdorf its mayor Diedrich Schnakenberg (1857–1942) propelled paving the first road with clinker, the one to Weyerdeelen-Umbeck, then costing reichsmark (ℛℳ) 210,000, of which the Osterholz district paid one third, while two thirds were personal contributions by the Schlussdorfers.200 Jahre Schlußdorf 1800–2000: Festschrift zur 200-Jahr-Feier der Ortschaft Schlußdorf, Heimatverein Schlußdorf (ed.), Worpswede: Worpswede municipality, 2000, p. 47\. No ISBN.
It differed from the longship in that it was larger and relied solely on its square rigged sail for propulsion. The cog was a design which is believed to have evolved from (or at least been influenced by) the longship, and was in wide use by the 12th century. It too used the clinker method of construction. The caravel was a ship invented in Islamic Iberia and used in the Mediterranean from the 13th century.
A crew of some two dozen paddled the wooden Hjortspring boat across the Baltic Sea long before the rise of the Roman Empire. Scandinavians continued to develop better ships, incorporating iron and other metal into the design and developing oars for propulsion. By 1000 A.D. the Norsemen were pre-eminent on the oceans. They were skilled seamen and boat builders, with clinker-built boat designs that varied according to the type of boat.
Allanoke Manor was designed by Ernest Coxhead, and built in 1903, completed in 1904. It is was built with clinker bricks in a cross between Georgian and Dutch colonial styles. In the Fall of 1904, it was the site of "a series of cello and piano recitals performed by Frederick Stickney Gutterson and his wife, Minnie Marie." Allanoke Manor's first owner, Allen Gleason Freeman (1853-1930), was born in Flushing, Michigan and a fruit merchant.
Slag-lime cements—ground granulated blast-furnace slag is not hydraulic on its own, but is "activated" by addition of alkalis, most economically using lime. They are similar to pozzolan lime cements in their properties. Only granulated slag (i.e., water-quenched, glassy slag) is effective as a cement component. Supersulfated cements contain about 80% ground granulated blast furnace slag, 15% gypsum or anhydrite and a little Portland clinker or lime as an activator.
In this case, the water content of the pellets is 17-20%. Grate preheaters were most popular in the 1950s and 60s, when a typical system would have a grate 28 m long and 4 m wide, and a rotary kiln of 3.9 x 60 m, making 1050 tonnes per day, using about 0.11-0.13 tonnes of coal fuel for every tonne of clinker produced. Systems up to 3000 tonnes per day were installed.
The entrance building was built in the North German clinker style (Norddeutschen Klinkerarchitektur) with influences of German reform style (Reformstil). The architecture is based on the original drawings of Ernst Moeller and Alexander Behnes. The building originally contained the station services, Langenhagen’s Bahnmeisterei (the office of the head of track maintenance) as well as some waiting rooms. However, since the line to Celle was not yet in operation, it was designed to be used differently.
The residential buildings de Bauhütte from the interwar period with the clinker brick facades characterize the cityscape of Cuxhaven. The "Olfer stone currency" was known during the period of inflation, when bricks were used as emergency money in trade.Stadtwiki Cuxhaven: Olfers, Karl From 1933 to 1944 he worked as an insurance agent after he was removed from office under the Nazi regime and repeatedly arrested for resistance. In 1944 he was drafted into military service.
In 2009, BUA Group purchased interest in Edo Cement Company, Okpella, a company that previously traded under the name of Bendel cement. As production was on a decline at the plant, BUA commissioned a new plant at Obu, a few kilometres from Okpella, production from the new clinker began in 2014, later another production line was added in 2019. Combined production capacity at its two lines is 6 million tonnes.Ford, N. (2019, February).
It is connected to the south to a previously-built brick administration wing (1923) by an enclosed porch and a loggia.The nomination states that the bell tower is at the northeast corner of the sanctuary, which is confirmed in photos. It states, apparently erroneously, that the bell tower is at the south end of the entryway. Its exterior walls are brick, with occasional clinker brick accents, and it has cast stone details.
The design came from the architect Max Bach. In addition to hints of clinker brick expressionism, one of the most outstanding stylistic elements is the rounded corner of the house. Also well known are the sculptures by Richard Kuöhl in the entrance area, which represent the most important professional branches of the flourishing Hamburg economy. The Sprinkenhof was built between 1927 and 1943 according to designs by architects Hans and Oskar Gerson and Fritz Höger.
At the same time funds were being raised to restore the boat, and a grant was awarded from the Heritage Lottery Fund. With it back in its correct shape, work started on restoration, replacing missing timbers and re-fabricating missing parts. One of the stipulations from the Heritage Lottery Fund was the use of original materials. A new keel had to be made and put into place for the clinker-wood construction to connect with.
The southern end was once used as a blacksmiths shop. Internally there is evidence of a mezzanine level supported by timber beams, with windows and a number of unidentified operational openings having been bricked up. Through the southern wall, extends a shaft-driven system of wooden toothed gear wheels and four diameter Burr Stone Grinding Mills. The millstone grinding plant was installed between 1889 and 1895 to grind the cement clinker from the bottle kilns.
The cog was a boat design which is believed to have evolved from (or at least have been influenced by) the longship and was in wide use by the 12th century. It too used the clinker method of construction. Ships began to be built with straight stem posts and the rudder was fixed to the stern post which made a boat easier to steer. To make ships faster, more masts and sails were fitted.
For use in facades, it is possible to cope varied shaped elements (e.g., clinker expressionism, see picture). Earlier clinkers were often used in civil engineering works, for example in bridge building, the construction of sewers and hydraulic structures, for mortar floodgates and hoppers or as paving stones for road construction. The German sculptor Ernst Barlach worked with clinkers, which were produced according to his specifications, for example by the brickyard of Ilse Bergbau AG.
Outdoor lamp on the back porch Outdoor space was as important as the interior spaces. Exterior porches are found off three of the second-floor bedrooms and were used for sleeping or entertaining. The garden pond behind the Gamble House The main terrace is beyond the rear facade of the residence. It has patterned brick paving with planting areas, a large curvilinear pond, and garden walls made with distinctive clinker bricks and boulders.
The truly principal feature of this gable, however, are die initials "T" and "I V H" worked in the masonry in black clinker brick headers. These are the monograms of the first occupants of the house, Jan van Hoesen (1687–1745) and his wife Tanneke. The "T" stands for Tanneke, given name of the wife of Jan Van Hoesen, Tanneke Wittbeck. The letters "V" and "H" stand for Jan's family name Van Hoesen.
Much of the Thorne boating dike was destroyed, and new drains were cut parallel to the canal. A new navigable drain was sanctioned by the Hatfield, Thorne and Fishlake Enclosure Commissioners, which ran along the southern section of Thorne Moors. There were then some of navigable drains, on which clinker-built boats operated. They were , and were symmetrical in shape, allowing them to be worked in either direction without having to turn them.
Höger's Baptismal font of clinker brick with gold paintings on it survived. Regina Roskoden's abstract basalt sculpture of an angel, graphics by Max Pechstein and a painting of the crucifixion by Hermann Krauth are shown in a by-room. Considerable offertories of the parishioners enabled to buy a new organ of 60 registers by E. Kemper & Sohn, installed after 1965 and requiring the removal of the second western loft gallery of seats.
The former Chilanga Cement, now Lafarge Zambia Plc, operates two major facilities, one in Chilanga and one in Ndola. The Chilanga (Lusaka) facility had completed the construction and commissioning a new facility in 2008. Lafarge Zambia's largest customers are the construction firms engaged on Government projects like construction of roads, dams and bridges. The company also exports cement and clinker to nearby countries, including The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Malawi, Zimbabwe and Burundi.
The first flying 18 footers were either carvel or clinker built with multiple steam bent frames. Cotton sails were used and spars were solid wood. The crew number varied according to the wind strength, often with a boy carried to bail out water. Initial designs were conventional displacement shapes with emphasis on narrow waterlines. In the early 1950s The Sydney boats put emphasis on carrying large extra sails down wind called ringtails.
A Ness boat builder called John F. Macleod from Port saved 40 lives following the sinking of the Iolaire by managing to take a line to shore. Ness is known for its Sgoth, a type of clinker built skiff with a dipping lug sail. The boats were used for line fishing until the early half of the twentieth century. There are several still in active use owned by community trusts which maintain them.
The bog's virgin moss was cultivated and drainage channels cut through at regular intervals, the first step in the area's reclamation. This drainage caused the characteristically convex Moss to sag noticeably; some residents of Dunham Town commented that they could see parts of Carrington previously obscured by the moss. A network of tramways and roads was constructed using clinker and other materials brought from the city. Drains were laid and the land cleared of scrub.
Retrieved 2015-06-06. Like Schumacher, Höger thought brick and clinker brick showed an "earthiness" that was familiar to the German people, particularly because these materials were typical for Northern Germany. His best-known work is the Chilehaus in Hamburg, constructed between 1922-24 for saltpeter importer Henry B. (Chile) Sloman. The office block features a curving facade reminiscent of a ship's hull, coming together at a sharp angle on the corners of Pumpen and Niedernstrasse.
Cement Australia Gladstone is the largest cement Plant in Australia and uses state of the art technology. The plant is Australia‟s most efficient and is the leading environmental performer in the industry. Cement Australia Gladstone has a production capacity of over 1.6 million tonnes per annum and processes limestone, clay, silica sand and copper slag to produce and supply cement and clinker throughout Australia and overseas destinations, as well as cement in bulk or in bags.
The fish that are caught can thus be transported live. In a traditional fishing boat without cooling units, this allowed the time delay between catching the fish and landing them to be extended. Around the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, haffboote were active on the Neuwarper See and in the lower Oder delta. They were built as shallow-draughted, broad-beamed clinker built vessels at small boatyards in Neuwarp (now Nowe Warpno), Anklam or Ueckermünde.
The exhaust gases from a modern kiln typically amount to 2 tonnes (or 1500 cubic metres at STP) per tonne of clinker made.Hewlett op cit,pp 81-83 The gases carry a large amount of dust—typically 30 grams per cubic metre. Environmental regulations specific to different countries require that this be reduced to (typically) 0.1 gram per cubic metre, so dust capture needs to be at least 99.7% efficient. Methods of capture include electrostatic precipitators and bag-filters.
In this way, the volatile elements accumulated in the kiln-preheater system are precipitated again in the cyclone preheater, remaining almost completely in the clinker. Thallium (as the chloride) condenses in the upper zone of the cyclone preheater at temperatures between 450 °C and 500 °C. As a consequence, a cycle can be formed between preheater, raw material drying and exhaust gas purification. Mercury and its compounds are not precipitated in the kiln and the preheater.
It had a steering oar to starboard braced by an extra frame. The raised prow extended about above the keel and the hull was estimated to draw when lightly laden. Between each futtock the planks were lapped in normal clinker style and fastened with six iron rivets per plank. There is no evidence of a mast, sail, or strengthening of the keel amidships but a half-sized replica, the Soe Wylfing, sailed very well with a modest sail area.
Clinker nodules produced by sintering Sintering or frittage is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat"Sinter, v." Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009 or pressure"Sinter" The Free Dictionary accessed May 1, 2014 without melting it to the point of liquefaction. Sintering happens naturally in mineral deposits or as a manufacturing process used with metals, ceramics, plastics, and other materials.
During the contact metamorphism that was caused by the intrusion, volatile organic components were driven off from the shale, leaving a charred black, clinker like burnt mass from which the mountain got its name. Burnt Mountain rises above the surrounding area by about 200 metres and is not far from the Organ Pipes on the D3254 road and about 10 kilometres southeast of Twyfelfontein. Since 15 September 1956, the Burnt Mountain has been a National Monument of Namibia.
Val Holley (Mcfarland & Company, June 12, 2003), Mike Connolly and the Manly Art of Hollywood Gossip, p. 29. During the trial, two witnesses for the defense unexpectedly died. Private detective Polly Gould was found dead in her apartment of disputed causes.Wire Services (Monday, August 19, 1957), "Defense Identifies 'Row 35' Occupant'," Tucson Daily Citizen (Tucson, Arizona), p. 25Lee Belser (Wednesday, August 21, 1957), "Death Puts Clinker Into Hot Libel Trial," Anderson Daily Bulletin (Anderson, Indiana), p. 14.
The Rondine is a mid-winged cantilever monoplane built primarily of wood with fabric-covered wings. The fuselage is noteworthy in being clinker or carvel built similar to boat building techniques. The single piece two-spar wings are of low aspect ratio and relatively thick so external bracing is unnecessary. Control is provided by conventional ailerons and rudder, with a small fixed fin and an all-flying tailplane and elevator mounted above the rear fuselage forward of the fin.
At the next meeting on 1 May defeated the colt Clinker at level weights in a 200 guinea match over the Abington Mile. Four months after her last run, Morel contested the October Trial Stakes, a weight-for-age race over the Ditch Mile course. She started the 5/6 favourite and "won easy" from seven opponents including the 1809 Oaks winner Maid of Orleans. Later that week she was beaten by Sir David in a five furlong match.
Early in 1804 Falcon was refitting in Plymouth, before going on to serve in the Channel, where she engaged shore batteries at Le Havre. Falcon was also awarded prize money for the recapture, on 3 November, of the sloop John and Thomas. Falcon then operated in the North Sea. On 10 June 1805, Falcon, with Chiffone, Clinker, and Frances chased a French convoy for nine hours until the convoy took shelter under the guns of Fécamp.
In addition to the maritime occupation such as seal hunting, fishery and seabird hunting, also coastal navigation and pilotage are presented in the exhibition. The boat occupies the central position in being the prime tool of the population. The upper floor of the main building presents an exhibition of wooden boats and boat building. Here we find work boats and boats of bygone days, as well as a presentation of wooden boat building along clinker and cravel-techniques.
MacDonald, Lord of the Isles – a Victorian illustrator's impression In their maritime domain the Lords of the Isles used galleys (birlinns) for both warfare and transport. These ships had developed from the Viking longships and knarrs, clinker-built with a square sail and rows of oars. From the 14th century they changed from using a steering oar to a stern rudder. These ships took part in sea battles and attacked castles or forts built close to the sea.
Contrary to popular belief, the "Bank Houses" were never public housing and have always been in private hands. The "Bank Houses" area later became known as "nobs hill", a reference to relative wealth of their occupants compared to the residents of the clinker brick public housing that was added later. The Housing Commission area was known as 'Little Baghdad'.Australian Places – Garden City The Garden City post office in Centre Avenue has been open since 1945.
Grace Dieu was built to a design proposed by William Soper, a burgess of Southampton and Clerk of the King's Ships. She was clinker-built with three planks nailed together along each part of her hull and waterproofed with tar and moss sandwiched between the timbers. As constructed she was long with a beam, comparable in size with HMS Victory and twice as large as Mary Rose.Wilson 2013 Estimates of her weight range between 1,400 tons and 2,750 tons.
The vessel was also used for transporting herring and as sleeping quarters during fishing. Anna Karoline is marked by various repairs and changes which makes it possible to study how the vessel has developed. She was originally clinker built and without a deck covering her cargo hold.«Jektesaken», pp. 28-29 In 1890 Anna Karoline ran aground at Kirangrunnen and subsequently towed to Trondheim where the outer hull was plained and a smooth carvel skin was added.
During this period, a lavatory block was also established. It was demolished at the turn of the year of 1922/1923 because of the excessive odour. One of the special features of the interior of the building, which is built of clinker brick, is its decoration with signs from the symbolism of Freemasonry, but also of a Star of David, which was not a traditional symbol of the lodge. The significance of this symbol is still unclear.
Two formative buildings were already built before Schumacher's redesign of the quarter: the house at Schopenstehl 32, a house originally built in 1780 with a rococo portal, which was integrated into a new building by Arthur Viol in 1885–1888; and the police station at Klingberg, which directly adjoins the Chile House. New buildings such as the "Danske Hus" and the "Neue Dovenhof", which were built in the 1990s, follow the style of the existing clinker brick buildings.
Gangleri asks the three what things were like before mankind. High continues that these icy rivers, which are called Élivágar, ran so far from their spring source that the poisonous matter that flows with them became hard "like the clinker that comes from a furnace"—it turned to ice. And so, when this ice came to a halt and stopped flowing, the vapor that rose up from the poison went in the same direction and froze to rime.
Estonia constitutes one of the richest territories in the Baltic for hoards from the 11th and the 12th centuries. The earliest coin hoards found in Estonia are Arabic Dirhams from the 8th century. The largest Viking-Age hoards found in Estonia have been at Maidla and Kose. Out of the 1500 coins published in catalogues, 1000 are Anglo-Saxon. In 2008 and 2010, two clinker-built ships of Scandinavian origin were discovered near the village of Salme on Saaremaa.
Osbaldeston excelled at sport, and rowed at his various schools, at Oxford and into middle age. He was particularly famous for his racing abilities, in flat, steeplechase, endurance and carriage races. In 1826, he won a celebrated steeplechase for a purse of 1,000 guineas on his horse, Clasher, against Dick Christian riding Clinker, a horse owned by Horatio Ross. On one occasion, in 1831 at Newmarket, he rode in 8 hours and 42 minutes, using 28 horses.
The building from the northeast. The staircase and building from the northwest. The Ernst-Neufert-Haus (sometimes also known as the Meisterbau) is a massive, brown clinker-clad residential building in Darmstadt, Hesse, designed by Ernst Neufert. It was built in 1955 as the "Ledigenwohnheim" (single men's hostel) and was part of the 'Meisterbau' (Master Builder's) programme to give Darmstadt, which had lost much of its historical substance in World War II to bombing, a new architectural emphasis.
As at 2017 the station site and trackbed is still undeveloped with degraded remains of the clinker and timber platform after years of coastal erosion. The small shelter building has now gone, but its concrete base can still be seen. Many of the shacks scattered around the southern end of Dungeness arrived in the 1920s when Southern Railway workers purchased old rolling stock which were dragged off the end of the line to be used as holiday shacks.
A 10 MW cement mill, output 270 tonnes per hour A cement mill (or finish mill in North American usageSpanish: molino de cemento, French: broyeur de ciment, German: Zementmühle: other languages correspond with the British usage) is the equipment used to grind the hard, nodular clinker from the cement kiln into the fine grey powder that is cement. Most cement is currently ground in ball mills and also vertical roller mills which are more effective than ball mills.
The Panthers moved to Greenfield Stadium in 1961. This venue had been used in the Pioneer days and was known as "The Autodrome". The opening meeting was scheduled for 17 July 1961, but due to heavy flooding, construction of the speedway track had been delayed. The contractors commenced work on 18 June, 900 tons of earth was removed and a base of 400 tons of clinker laid, with 240 tons of track dressing finishing the works.
Anhui Conch Cement Co., Ltd. known also as Anhui Conch or Conch Cement, is the largest Top 10 cement producers in China cement manufacturer or seller in the mainland China, headquartered in Anhui Province. Its business scope covers the manufacture and sales of cement and clinker. Its H-share was listed in the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on October 21, 1997, while its A-share was listed in the Shanghai Stock Exchange on February 7, 2002.
The architectural design was dictated by Prussian parliament rules, such as Neo- Gothic bricks, considered as a Prussian national style, the use of rooms and courtyards, the height of premises fences over 4 m, etc. Clinker bricks for the construction have been brought from Malbork's Brick and Ceramic Factory. On the first floor were the telegraph machinery, the telephone room and the battery storage. The wing along the Brda river were dedicated for housing allowances for postal workers.
Nearly all of the iron planking rivets were in their original places. It was possible to survey the original ship, which was found to be long, pointed at either end with tall rising stem and stern posts and widening to in the beam amidships with an inboard depth of over the keel line. From the keel board, the hull was constructed clinker- fashion with nine planks on either side, fastened with rivets. Twenty-six wooden frames strengthened the form.
Coal was present in the Wilderness, and much of that coal burned in an ancient fire that lasted centuries. The clay over the coal layer was metamorphosed by the heat into red "clinkers" that look today like tiny pottery sherds or perhaps chunks of brick, depending on size. They vary from pale to bright red and can even take on a crimson hue. Their name, "clinker," derives from the characteristic sound these stones make when walked on.
Chausey stone was used in the construction of Mont Saint-Michel. The typical boats of Chausey are the doris (dory), a flat-bottomed boat traditionally propelled by oars or nowadays an engine, used by the fishermen, and the canot chausiais, a small clinker-built sailing boat used for pleasure. Every August, the Chausey Regatta takes place on the first weekend of the neap tide. The festivities last all weekend, during which several boat races are organized.
Traditional working boats on Lough Neagh include wide-beamed clinker-built, sprit-rigged working boats and smaller flat-bottomed "cots" and "flats". Barges, here called "lighters", were used until the 1940s to transport coal over the lough and adjacent canals. Until the 17th century, log boats (coití) were the main means of transport. Few traditional boats are left now, but a community-based group on the southern shore of the lough is rebuilding a series of working boats.
It housed not only a fleet of large, clinker-built rowing boats and skiffs but also a fine motor launch, the Archie Littlemore, which gave rides during the summer months. 'Twice Around the Island'. At some point over the following five years, a half-acre, kidney- shaped paddling pool was constructed, on the Hart Road side of the main lake. On the side of the paddling pool away from the Main Lake, two further model boating lakes were constructed.
Water reacts instantly with tricalcium aluminate. Hydration likely begins already during grinding of cement clinker due to residual humidity and dehydration of gypsum additives. Initial contact with water causes protonation of single bonded oxygen atoms on aluminate rings and leads to the formation of calcium hydroxide.R. K. Mishra, L. Fernández-Carrasco, R. J. Flatt, H. Heinz, A Force Field for Tricalcium Aluminate to Characterize Surface Properties, Initial Hydration, and Organically Modified Interfaces in Atomic Resolution, Dalton Trans. (2014).
Portland cement clinker is made by heating a homogeneous mixture of raw materials in a rotary kiln at high temperature . The products of the chemical reaction aggregate together at their sintering temperature, about . Aluminium oxide and iron oxide are present only as a flux to reduce the sintering temperature and contribute little to the cement strength. For special cements, such as low heat (LH) and sulfate resistant (SR) types, it is necessary to limit the amount of tricalcium aluminate formed.
Lucifer Hill is a reddish, cindery, sulphur-streaked hill forming the summit of the northern section of Candlemas Island in the South Sandwich Islands. It was one of the most active volcanic vents in this island chain at the time of 's survey in 1964. The name applied by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Lucifer refers to the diabolical and infernal mythical association of active volcanoes. Clinker Gulch extends from Lucifer Hill to the northern shore of Candlemas.
It was designed as a large canoe, 19 m long and crewed by 22–23 men using paddles. Scandinavians continued to develop better boats, incorporating iron and other metal into the design, adding keels, and developing oars for propulsion.Nationalencyklopedin Another Nordic shipfind is the Nydam boat, found preserved in the Nydam Mose bog in Sundeved, Denmark. It has been dendro dated to 310-320 AD. Built of oak, it is also clinker-built, is 23 metres long and was rowed by thirty men.
Port of Manzanillo was built in the 1950s by the Dominican Fruit Company (La Grenada), a North American company dedicated to export bananas and other minor fruits of the country. This harbor currently is under a leasing-trade for its reconstruction and still been supervised by the Dominican Port Authority. Its operations are based on deplaning clinker, material for concrete, exportation of domestic products such as animals, fruits and food to Europe and sometimes general cargo and container cargo operations.
Unable to build a canoe out of birch bark Thompson and his men spent five weeks constructing a wooden clinker-built boat. This was a task they were not skilled in and it took a great deal of trial-and-error. Thompson named the site Boat Encampment after this experience in boat-building. Boat Encampment was an important waystation during the twice-annual HBC "Express" overland trade route between Fort Vancouver and York Factory on Hudson Bay then via ship to London.
Clinker skiff-type boats were once one of the most numerous type of working boats found along the eastern seaboard of Ireland. They were recorded in 1874 by historian E.W. Holdsworth, where he noted that ‘The smaller boats employed for the line-fishery are of the same style as the Norway yawl, sharp at both ends.’. Skiff racing has its origins in the occupation of hobbling. Hobblers were freelance pilots, and competition was strong to be the first to board the approaching ships.
It was stronger than Portland cement but its poor water resistance (leaching) and corrosive properties (pitting corrosion due to the presence of leachable chloride anions and the low pH (8.5–9.5) of its pore water) limited its use as reinforced concrete for building construction. The next development in the manufacture of Portland cement was the introduction of the rotary kiln, which produced a stronger (more alite, C3S, formed at higher temperature, 1450 °C), more homogeneous clinker mixture and facilitated a continuous manufacturing process.
A large volume of gases has to be moved through the kiln system.Peray op cit Sections 12.1, 12.2, 18.5 Particularly in suspension preheater systems, a high degree of suction has to be developed at the exit of the system to drive this. Fans are also used to force air through the cooler bed, and to propel the fuel into the kiln. Fans account for most of the electric power consumed in the system, typically amounting to 10–15 kW·h per tonne of clinker.
Sulfur is input into the clinker burning process via raw materials and fuels. Depending on their origin, the raw materials may contain sulfur bound as sulfide or sulfate. Higher SO2 emissions by rotary kiln systems in the cement industry are often attributable to the sulfides contained in the raw material, which become oxidised to form SO2 at the temperatures between 370 °C and 420 °C prevailing in the kiln preheater. Most of the sulfides are pyrite or marcasite contained in the raw materials.
Fifies built after 1860 were all decked and from the 1870s onwards the bigger boats were built with carvel planking, i.e. the planks were laid edge to edge instead of the overlapping clinker style of previous boats. The introduction of steam powered capstans in the 1890s, to help raising the lugs sails, allowed the size of these vessels to increase from to over in length. From about 1905 onwards sailing Fifies were gradually fitted with engines and converted to motorised vessels.
The clinker burning process is a high- temperature process resulting in the formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx). The amount formed is directly related to the main flame temperature (typically 1850–2000 °C). Nitrogen monoxide (NO) accounts for about 95%, and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) for about 5% of this compound present in the exhaust gas of rotary kiln plants. As most of the NO is converted to NO2 in the atmosphere, emissions are given as NO2 per cubic metre exhaust gas.
Nearly all longships were clinker (also known as lapstrake) built, meaning that each hull plank overlapped the next. Each plank was hewn from an oak tree so that the finished plank was about thick and tapered along each edge to a thickness of about . The planks were radially hewn so that the grain is approximately at right angles to the surface of the plank. This provides maximum strength, an even bend and an even rate of expansion and contraction in water.
Alongside these early wherries were the bigger keels, which were transom-sterned clinker-built barges with a square sail on a mast stepped amidships of about by and able to carry 30 tons of goods. The keel had been built since the Middle Ages and the design probably went back to the Viking invasion. After 1800, the Norfolk Keel (or 'keel wherry') disappeared, partly because a wherry could be sailed with fewer crew, and it had limited manoeuvrability and lacked speed.
Trickling may have a variety of types of filter media used to support the biofilm. Types of media most commonly used include coke, pumice, plastic matrix material, open-cell polyurethane foam, clinker, gravel, sand and geotextiles. Ideal filter medium optimizes surface area for microbial attachment, wastewater retention time, allows air flow, resists plugging, is mechanically robust in all weathers allowing walking access across the filter, and does not degrade. Some residential systems require forced aeration units which will increase maintenance and operational costs.
The same problem in providing for concentrated loads makes for difficulties siting and supporting a centerboard or deep keel, much needed when sailing across or close to the wind. Timbers can be added as necessary compromise but always with some loss of the fundamental benefits of the construction method. Clinker construction remains a useful method of construction for small wooden vessels, especially sea-going dinghies which need to be light enough to be readily moved and stored when out of the water.
A gableboat (gavelbåt or gavlabåt in Norwegian) is a traditional Norwegian boat mainly used for fishing with a seine. It is usually built by clinker method pine on oak framework. They are robust boats that can carry big loads, but are still swift sailers. right The gableboat got its name by the gable in the aft, making the rear bottom flatter than round-ended vessels, enabling them to both have a bigger load, and to create less friction when sailing or rowing.
20-21 It is possible that the vessel type is based on earlier Norwegian vessels, but that foreign vessels also have been an inspiration.«Jektesaken», p. 25 The encyclopedia Store norske leksikon has this definition of jekt (nordlandsjekt):Nordlandsjekt, from Store norske leksikon, definition of jekt (nordlandsjekt) :The nordlandsjekt were clinker built with transom stern, with a high straight bow. Most of the jekts had only half of the deck covered, and always had a veng (Norwegian for a kind of Aftercastle) aft.
The school maintains three 10 metre cutters, small sailing vessels capable of carrying all 14 students in a watch and up to three staff. The cutters have been part of the school since its inception, and were also called whaleboats. The cutters were based on an old naval design, comparable to the James Caird used to cross part of the southern Atlantic Ocean by Ernest Shackleton. The original clinker built cutters were replaced with a slightly modified fibreglass design in 2012.
Lake Desmet occupies a natural undrained basin on the divide between Piney Creek, and one of its tributaries, Boxelder Creek. It is one of several basins in the Buffalo area that were formed by coal seam fires. After the coal deposits burned, the clinker and other sediments collapsed into the space vacated by the burned coal forming a natural basin. In the early years, Lake Desmet was a highly saline lake capable of supporting only limited types of aquatic life.
West of the station a road underpass was built between Königsberger Straße and Oberhofer Weg, along with a compact, four storey-high signal box built of reinforced concrete covered with clinker bricks. The station with its pedestrian underpass and the signal box are heritage-listed as national monuments. After the incorporation of Groß- Lichterfelde into Berlin under the Greater Berlin Act of 1920, the station was renamed Lichterfelde Ost in 1925. It has been called Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost since 1936.
Balta The sixareen or sixern (; meaning "six-oared") is a traditional fishing boat used around the Shetland Islands. It is a clinker-built boat, evolved as a larger version of the yoal, when the need arose for crews to fish further from shore. The first of the sixareens were, like the yoal, imported from Norway in kit form until the mid 19th century, when increasing import duty made it more cost effective to import the raw materials and build the boats in Shetland.
A medium-sized dry process roller mill A raw mill is the equipment used to grind raw materials into "rawmix" during the manufacture of cement. Rawmix is then fed to a cement kiln, which transforms it into clinker, which is then ground to make cement in the cement mill. The raw milling stage of the process effectively defines the chemistry (and therefore physical properties) of the finished cement, and has a large effect upon the efficiency of the whole manufacturing process.
Albions construction is unique amongst Norfolk trading wherries as she is carvel built (smooth hulled), whereas all others are clinker built. Apart from her hull construction, her general appearance follows that of a typical trading wherry with a forward counterbalanced mast of Oregon pine, a large cargo hold in the centre of the hull and crew quarters aft. She is steered from a small aft well by rudder and tiller. Albions registered tonnage is 22.78 and her length overall is with a hull.
Efficient closed-circuit systems, because of their tight particle size control, lead to cements with relatively narrow particle size distributions (i.e. for a given mean particle size, they have fewer large and small particles). This is of advantage in that it maximizes the strength- production potential the clinker, because large particles are inert. As a rule of thumb, only the outer 7 μm "skin" of each particle hydrates in concrete, so any particle over 14 μm diameter always leaves an un-reacted core.
Mount Price, west of Garibaldi Lake, south of The Black Tusk, was formed in three stages of activity, dating back 1.1 million years, the latest of which produced two large lava flows from Clinker Peak during the early Holocene that ponded against the retreating continental ice sheet and formed The Barrier, containing Garibaldi Lake. Cinder Cone stands above a gap between two arms of Helmet Glacier on Garibaldi's flanks. During summer its crater is filled with a snow melt lake.
The indigenous Innu name of the river is ' or ' ("Grand River") among the Labrador Innu and ' ("Churchill Falls River") among the Central Innu, the Labrador Métis (NunatuKavut), and Nunatsiavut. The latter name was formerly calqued into English as the . In 1821, Captain William Martin of HM brig Clinker renamed the river the after the then-current commodore-governor of Newfoundland Charles Hamilton. The name gradually supplanted use of the Grand River before being replaced on 1 February 1965 by provincial premier Joey Smallwood.
Inflatable dinghies can be made of fabrics coated with Hypalon, neoprene or PVC. Rigid dinghies can be made of glass-fibre reinforced plastic (GRP) but injection-moulded one- piece hulls are also available. Other materials for modern rigid dinghies include aluminium, marine plywood which tends to be much lighter than most types and, with the advent of sturdy, UV resistant polyurethane varnishes, wood. Some wooden dinghies (especially of classic or historical form) are built using the carvel or clinker methods.
Winston Churchill arranged a screening for a party that included Franklin D. Roosevelt and, on its conclusion, addressed the group, saying, "Gentlemen, I thought this film would interest you, showing great events similar to those in which you have just been taking part." The Oliviers remained favourites of Churchill, attending dinners and occasions at his request for the rest of his life; and, of Leigh, he was quoted as saying, "By Jove, she's a clinker."Holden 1989, pp. 202, 205, 325.
This company was bought by the current owning family in 1948 and began to manufacture a range of tools under the Footprint, Domino, Climax, John Bull and Clinker brands. During World War 2 the divisions of the business were engaged in manufacturing hand tools for British and Commonwealth forces. After the war Footprint continued to grow, manufacture and expand its range hand tools for the professional tradesman. In 2004, Footprint cooperated with the University of Sheffield in a study of modern manufacturing techniques.
A second application in cement for the bulk material analyzer is raw mix proportioning. An analyzer placed just upstream of the raw mill can monitor the chemistry of the raw mix and automatically trigger an adjustment in the proportions of the reclaimed stockpile and the correctives. By doing so, the plant is able to reduce the variability in the raw mix, and later on the kiln feed. Consistent kiln feed chemistry in turn leads to lower fuel consumption per ton of clinker produced.
Westwind is now in the collection of the National Maritime Museum Cornwall From 1936 to the present day the class has continued to develop. Rule changes have been made where necessary, for example, a minimum width rule was introduced in 1937, and a maximum width in 1980. Clinker construction went out in 1970 with the development of GRP hulls and 'four plank' wooden construction. Ian Proctor started experimenting with metal masts to replace wooden spars in 1952 and Terylene sails arrived in 1954.
Although general usage has declined, skiffs are still used for leisure and racing. During the year, skiffing regattas are held in various riverside towns in England—the major event being the Skiff Championships Regatta at Henley. Akin to the skiff is the yoal or yole which is a clinker built boat used for fishing in the Orkney and Shetland Islands. The boat itself is a version of the Norwegian Oselvar which is similar to a skiff in appearance, while the word is cognate with "yawl".
Höger is renowned for his use of brick, in the style of Brick Expressionism. Höger opened his own architecture office in 1907, but because of his lack of higher education he was not admitted to the Association of German Architects. Regardless, he received many commissions for private homes around Hamburg. It was during this time that Höger established his style with the use of bricks, particularly clinker bricks, which are more robust and frost resistant due to the higher temperature they are fired at.
The firebox was specially designed to Tilney's specifications to cope with the high percentage of clinker and ash content of Colonial coal from the Stormberg Range. A large drop-grate which occupied approximately half of the firebox area, with specially-designed sawtooth-shaped firebars, was arranged at the front end of the firebox. The firebars could be vibrated by a hand- operated lever in the cab, while the drop grate was controlled by two chains, fitted at each end and also manipulated from the cab.
They were built from elm boards or clinker and were pulled along the banks of the drainage ditches on the levels. River boats had a similar construction, but the bottom was curved to allow them to be launched down sloping muddy banks of rivers including the River Parrett, where they were used for salmon fishing. Slightly larger boats, known as Bay or Gore Boats, have also been fitted with a simple sprit- or jib-headed sail, long rudder and dagger board for fishing use in inland waters.
The Barrier is part of a thick lava flow that erupted from Clinker Peak between 15,000 and 12,000 years ago. Person in middle of image for scale During the Middle Pleistocene about 300,000 years ago, volcanism shifted westward and constructed the nearly symmetrical stratovolcano of Mount Price. Episodic eruptions produced andesite and dacite lavas, as well as pyroclastic flows from Peléan activity. Later, the volcano was overridden by the Cordilleran Ice Sheet, which covered a large area of North America during glacial periods of the Quaternary.
They are carried back in vapor form, and re-condense when a sufficiently low temperature is encountered. Because these salts re- circulate back into the rawmix and re-enter the burning zone, a recirculation cycle establishes itself. A kiln with 0.1% chloride in the rawmix and clinker may have 5% chloride in the mid-kiln material. Condensation usually occurs in the preheater, and a sticky deposit of liquid salts glues dusty rawmix into a hard deposit, typically on surfaces against which the gas-flow is impacting.
Because of the damages caused by World War II, and it is incomplete, it was extended to the full closure. The last wartime flood damage was removed in December 1991. Between October 1995 and September 1999, the ground level and the raised level on the Stadtbahn viaduct was completely renovated, costing the Deutsche Bahn a total of 220 Million Deutschmarks. The façade of the building was covered with terra cotta clinker bricks as the original building had, this time including the southern face of the building.
Of the various ingredients used to produce a given quantity of concrete, the cement is the most energetically expensive. Even complex and efficient kilns require 3.3 to 3.6 gigajoules of energy to produce a ton of clinker and then grind it into cement. Many kilns can be fueled with difficult-to-dispose-of wastes, the most common being used tires. The extremely high temperatures and long periods of time at those temperatures allows cement kilns to efficiently and completely burn even difficult-to-use fuels.
The Polperro Gaffer is a type of fishing vessel used in Cornwall. The Great Gale of 1891 destroyed the fishing fleets of many of the smaller Cornish villages. The old boats were generally clinker-planked and lug-rigged. The new boats built after the Gale with government intervention and support were to a new design, carvel planked and with the "modern" gaff rig, boats we now know as typically West Country with straight stem and transom sterns though the lines varied from port to port.
One of the most famous and architecturally pioneering buildings, the Chilehaus, was designed by the architect Fritz Höger and built between 1922 and 1924. It owes its name to its owner, the shipowner Henry B. Sloman, who owed his fortune to trade with Chile-saltpeter. The building is considered the main work of the architect and one of the most important buildings of clinker brick expressionism. The Miramar-House, the first completed building of the Kontorhaus District, was built in 1921/22 for the trading company Miramar.
Piniella doubled to left field, then scored on an RBI single by Jerry Adair. After the 1973 season, Piniella was traded by the Royals with Ken Wright to the New York Yankees for Lindy McDaniel. Baseball author Bill James called the trade the only clinker the Royals made during the 1970s. He played with the Yankees for 11 seasons, during which the Yankees won five AL East titles (1976-78, 1980, and 1981), four AL pennants (1976-78, and 1981), and two World Series championships (1977-78).
As a result, lengths in the 19th century varied between and . Construction methods were common, with frames of English oak, planking of English elm, hulls sealed by pitch pine and interior fittings made of imported teak. The boats had high bulwarks of between and , with a removable section through which a white-painted clinker-built rowing punt of could easily be put over the side. Punts were painted white to allow them to be seen at night, and traditionally stored on the cutter's port-side.
The Williams Visual Arts Building was the first location in the college's arts campus at the base of College Hill. It opened on April 24, 2001 and was donated by Morris R. Williams, class of 1922, and his wife, Josephine. The $1.7 million building was designed by Joseph Biondo, a local architect, and features several of his architectural models in its foyer. With a clinker brick exterior, the building was awarded the 2013 Citation of Merit by the American Institute of Architects, Pennsylvania Chapter.
The Railway Inn has a Viking clinker boat buried under its car park Meols is mainly residential with a small yacht and fishing community on its Irish Sea shore line. The centre has a small row of shops adjacent to Meols railway station, the 'Railway Inn' public house and a primary school. The North Wirral Coastal Park stretches from Dove Point in Meols to New Brighton. There is also a local community park known as Meols Park and Recreation Ground and a bowling green.
The village proposes to adjust to climate change and severe weather events. There is a Department of Conservation-managed 6 km walkway at the beach which follows the coast before climbing gradually to the cliff tops. Mākara Beach was hit by Cyclone Gita in 2018 and the community and local council have put a plan in place to reduce the effects of climate change since. Mākara Beach had a resident community of fishermen in the 19th and 20th century, using solid clinker-built dinghies.
From this period increased knowledge and understanding of hydrodynamics and aerodynamics, coupled to the availability of plywood and reliable waterproof glues saw dramatic changes. Clinker and carvel construction was dropped and glued up hollow pear shaped masts became standard. By the late 1960s a greater understanding of the science behind planning saw hulls made with increasingly less rocker, very fine forward with very flat aft sections. Once trapezes were introduced the number of crew dropped to 4 by the early 70s and then to 3.
Glowing aā flow front advancing over pāhoehoe on the coastal plain of Kilauea in Hawaii, United States Aā is one of three basic types of flow lava. Aā is basaltic lava characterized by a rough or rubbly surface composed of broken lava blocks called clinker. The Hawaiian word was introduced as a technical term in geology by Clarence Dutton.James Furman Kemp: A handbook of rocks for use without the microscope : with a glossary of the names of rocks and other lithological terms. 5. Aufl.
Cementos Argos S.A is a Colombian construction materials producer, leader in the cement market in Colombia; it is the fourth largest cement producer in Latin America, and the only producer of white cement in Colombia. Argos has investments in Panama, Honduras, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It is the second largest concrete producer and the fourth largest cement producer in the United States and it exports cement and clinker to 27 countries around the world. Argos competes with Cemex, Votorantim Cimentos, InterCement, Holcim and other cement companies.
They were clinker built and had an enclosed forepeak in which the crew could shelter or sleep - but otherwise these were undecked, open boats. It was these larger luggers that would carry a replacement anchor out to a ship in the Downs. The smaller luggers were called "cats", able to do most of the work of the larger boats, but instead of the enclose forepeak they had a removable cabin that could be set up between the thwarts. There were 21 of first class luggers boat operating from Deal in 1833 and 15 cats.
The Far North Railway LineThe first railway reached Inverness in 1855, when the Inverness and Nairn Railway opened its line between the named places. In 1858 Aberdeen was reached, and connected with the developing Scottish railway network. Inverness was linked in to that network, although for the time being by a very roundabout route.H A Vallance, C R Clinker, Anthony J Lambert, The Highland Railway, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1985, Soon after the opening of the Nairn line, thought was given to how the areas further north might be connected.
After the Titanic sank, Lusitania and Mauretania were equipped with an additional six clinker-built wooden boats under davits, making for a total of 22 boats rigged in davits. The rest of their lifeboat accommodations were supplemented with 26 collapsible lifeboats, 18 stored directly beneath the regular lifeboats and eight on the after deck. The collapsibles were built with hollow wooden bottoms and canvas sides, and needed assembly in the event they had to be used. This contrasted with Olympic and which received a full complement of lifeboats all rigged under davits.
There are two access channels to the Port, both of natural characteristics. The main one, South Channel, has 260 m of width and 3.4 km (2.11 mi) of extension approximately, with a depth of 10.5 m. The other, denominated North Channel, has little width, about 1.00 km (0.6 mi) of length, and a depth of 6.5 m, and it is used only by small size vessels. Handles an average of 2.2 million tonsRecife Port Statistics of cargo annually, and the main loads are sugar, wheat, corn, barley, malt, fertilizers, clinker and kelp.
Additionally, a by-product from the power plant's sulfur dioxide scrubber contains gypsum, which is sold to a wallboard manufacturer. Almost all of the manufacturer's gypsum needs are met this way, which reduces the amount of open-pit mining needed. Furthermore, fly ash and clinker from the power plant is used for road building and cement production. These exchanges of waste, water and materials have greatly increased environmental and economic efficiency, as well as created other less tangible benefits for these actors, including sharing of personnel, equipment, and information.
Beginning in the 1930s, gunpowder or smokeless powder was used in rivet guns, stun guns for animals, cable splicers and other industrial construction tools. The "stud gun" drove nails or screws into solid concrete, a function not possible with hydraulic tools. Today powder-actuated tools are still an important part of various industries, but the cartridges usually use smokeless powders. Industrial shotguns have been used to eliminate persistent material rings in operating rotary kilns (such as those for cement, lime, phosphate, etc.) and clinker in operating furnaces, and commercial tools make the method more reliable.
Wednesday 10 March 1858. Ellan Vannin was said to be a remarkably handsome vessel, having a smart rakish appearance, her general exterior being similar to the Countess of Ellesmere. In fact she was built very much after the model of that vessel, but with the additional requirements to adapt her for sea-going purposes in the challenging conditions around the Isle of Man. Clinker built, Ellan Vannin was rigged as a two mast steamer with two white painted funnels and with a full length female figurehead sitting on a rock adorned with a castellated crown.
The East Coast Rowing Council is the regional organisation of the Irish Coastal Rowing Federation on Ireland's East coast, representing the sport of Coastal and ocean rowing. As per local tradition, coastal rowing is undertaken by crews of four with one sweep oar each, and a coxswain, in wooden clinker- built boats. Formed in 1936, the ECRC has the task of formalising the rules, organising regatta dates and judging any disputes between members. Rules were laid down as to sizes and weights of skiffs to make races fairer.
Satpura thermal power plant by Ashish Kumar Prajapati Sarni is home to the second largest power plant in MP, contributing to approximately 8.85% of total electricity generation from Madhya Pradesh.its total capacity is 1330 megawatts {Satpura II (200+210 MW), Satpura III (2x210 MW),Satpura IV (2x250 MW)} . The upcoming project of 660 MW will also begin in 2019. There are other more projects that coming to sarni like two coal mines in 2019 and 2020 and a plant of cement clinker grinding unit which is about to start in 2019.
After the Cordilleran Ice Sheet had retreated from higher elevations less than 15,000 years ago, andesite eruptions from a satellite vent at Price Bay created a small lava dome or scoria cone on Price's northern flank. Possibly contemporaneous volcanism occurred at Clinker Peak with the eruption of two hornblende-biotite andesite lava flows. They are both at least thick and long, extending to the northwest and southwest. The unusually large thickness of these lava flows is from them ponding and cooling against the Cordilleran Ice Sheet when it still filled valleys at lower elevations.
One design was the shaft kiln, similar in design to a blast furnace. Rawmix in the form of lumps and fuel were continuously added at the top, and clinker was continually withdrawn at the bottom. Air was blown through under pressure from the base to combust the fuel. The shaft kiln had a brief period of use before it was eclipsed by the rotary kiln, but it had a limited renaissance from 1970 onward in China and elsewhere, when it was used for small-scale, low-tech plants in rural areas away from transport routes.
Rotary kilns of the cement industry and classic incineration plants mainly differ in terms of the combustion conditions prevailing during clinker burning. Kiln feed and rotary kiln exhaust gases are conveyed in counter-flow and mixed thoroughly. Thus, temperature distribution and residence time in rotary kilns afford particularly favourable conditions for organic compounds, introduced either via fuels or derived from them, to be completely destroyed. For that reason, only very low concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (colloquially "dioxins and furans") can be found in the exhaust gas from cement rotary kilns.
Between 1910 and 1914, the three-part clinker building with laboratory wing, hospital and animal house was built according to plans by Fritz Schumacher. The building wing is located in the St. Pauli district between Bernhard Nocht Street on the high north side and the slope of leading down to the harbor shore. After 1945 the building, damaged by bombs, was re-built. From 2003 a new wing was built on the site of the former animal house, which was put into operation at the end of January 2008.
1915 map showing the location of Mayfield (bottom, south of Fairfield Street) relative to London Road station (top). The covered footbridge that linked the two stations is also shown. Overgrown station platforms in 2009 Interior in 2009, showing 1910 buffer stops Opened on 8 August 1910 by the London and North Western Railway, Manchester Mayfield was built alongside Manchester London Road station (later Piccadilly) to handle the increased number of trains and passengers following the opening of the Styal Line in 1909.C.R. Clinker, LNWR Chronology 1900-1960, David and Charles, 1961, p.7.
A dorna loaded with nasas (fish traps) A dorna at Ribeira, Galicia The dorna is a design of fishing boat specific to the Rías Baixas, a group of estuarine inlets in Galicia, a province on the Atlantic coast of northwestern Spain. It is a clinker-built boat, typically around long and broad. It has at least a two-man crew: a skipper who handles the tiller (which extends forward from the stern under the hull), and a seaman who manages the headsail. It may, however, have a crew of three or four.
In the 19th century, novelists would have plots much nearer to Smollett's than either Fielding's or Sterne's or Richardson's, and his sprawling, linear development of action would prove most successful. However, Smollett's novels are not thematically tightly organized, and action appears solely for its ability to divert the reader, rather than to reinforce a philosophical point. The exception to this is Smollett's last novel, Humphry Clinker, written during Smollett's final illness. That novel adopts the epistolary framework previously seen in Richardson, but to document a long journey taken by a family.
Eight days later he ran in the Gold Cup at Brighton Racecourse and won at odds of 2/5 from his only opponent. On 13 August at Lewes he started favourite for a King's Plate but finished second in both heats to Famine, a three-year-old daughter of Humphrey Clinker, despite being ridden "very severely" by Chapple. Rockingham's last race of the season came at Canterbury on 27 August where he won his third King's Plate of the year by beating Captain Ricardo's six-year-old Vestris in two heats.
The company, which was originally engaged in the removal and sale of ashes and clinker from London power stations, was founded in Wembley by Richard Henry Biffa as Richard Biffa Limited, in 1912. In 1958 Richard Henry Biffa's grandson, Richard Charles Biffa, joined the business and, after becoming general manager in 1963, grew the business organically and by acquisition. The business was acquired by British Electric Traction in 1971 and by Severn Trent for £212 million in 1991. It acquired the American-owned UK Waste for £380 million in 2000.
The Vechte's riverine landscape and the canals with their rows of trees are a popular place for a walk, and to enjoy the idyll. The canals, built more than 100 years ago for transport and draining the moorlands, now form part of a faunal habitat with many species and are now used for leisure and recreation. Sluices made out of sandstone and clinker, some still worked by hand, separate different water levels and are popular destinations for nature lovers. Fields and meadows frame farmlands on the town's outskirts.
Over 60% of its sales come from the cement sector which is combined with the production of ready-mixed concrete and aggregates. It boasts of a global network including 62 cement plants (cement + clinker 54 MT), 12 grinding centers, 4 terminals. (one of which is also a grinding center), 570 concrete batching units (20.8 million cubic metres) and 152 quarries aggregate quarries (56.7 MT) Italcementi is controlled by Italmobiliare, based in Milan and quoted on the Borsa Italiana. The whole group has been controlled by the Italian Pesenti family since its foundation in 1864.
A variety of different dinghy and cruiser sailors make use of the club with racing mainly held in handicap classes. RFYC has an annual Open week held in July that starts with a Regatta weekend and continues as a separate series during the subsequent week. Every four years, RFYC hosts the UK & Irish National 18 ft Dinghy Championships, with boats coming from Scotland, Ireland, England, Wales, and the Isle of Man. The National 18 fleet has evolved from a heavy clinker built dayboat into a lightly constructed GRP fast dinghy, requiring a crew of three.
Minerals which have been explored and assessed include apatite near Lake Chilwa, bauxite from the hills of Mulanje, kyanite mines in the Dedza-Kirk Range; vermiculite in the region of Ntcheu close to Lake Malawi; and rare-earth minerals in Mount Kangankunde. The Chimimbe Hill mines in western Malawi have the potential for copper and nickel mining. Large deposits of niobium (columbium), tantalum, and zirconium (about 60 million metric tons in varying proportions and grades) have been recorded in the Kanyika pyrochlore mines. Clinker and gypsum have been imported to produce cement.
The term Salcombe Yawl refers to a small sailing dinghy restricted class native to Salcombe in South Devon, and also to the traditional sailing vessel from the area upon which that class was based, with a 200-year history. The current class of vessel has about the size of a Merlin Rocket, that is and about 180 have been built of which 80% are still in use. It is built traditionally by hand from mahogany, and is clinker built. The centre plate is cast iron, but more recent Yawls have bronze plates.
5 Minerals in Climate Change 2007: Working Group III: Mitigation of Climate Change, Clinker is an industrial precursor of cement. Humans also influence the carbon cycle indirectly by changing the terrestrial and oceanic biosphere. Over the past several centuries, direct and indirect human-caused land use and land cover change (LUCC) has led to the loss of biodiversity, which lowers ecosystems' resilience to environmental stresses and decreases their ability to remove carbon from the atmosphere. More directly, it often leads to the release of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems into the atmosphere.
Important devices attached to royal charters were double-sided waxen seals, used to authenticate such instruments. Although no seals of the dynasty now survive, there exists several seventeenth- and eighteenth-century descriptions and depictions of ones believed to have belonged to Magnús' uncle Rǫgnvaldr, and brother Haraldr. This limited evidence suggests that, in the twelfth- and thirteenth centuries, the kings of the dynasty bore a sailing ship upon their seals, which would have likely represented the clinker-built galley utilised in the Isles at the time.McDonald 2007: pp. 204–206.
During the survey in the 1920s, pieces of three different boats were found at the Bulverket then in the 1990 survey additional pieces of the largest of these came to light. A total of 29 pieces of the boat were found, but since many vital parts of it were missing, it is not possible to determine the vessel's exact measurements. It is estimated that the boat was approximately long, wide and had a draft of . It was clinker built, double-ended with a mast, probably with a square rig and side rudder.
Cabin section Former beach front café The buildings that R. Ermisch planned in the late 1920s were built in the style of New Objectivity. This called for simple, functional and unadorned structures and aesthetics deriving from the materials that were used rather than ornaments. For the Strandbad Wannsee, preferred material for facades is yellow clinker, the bricks lending the complex its characteristic hue. The complex consists of four large two-storeyed buildings, arranged in a row along and close to the hill flank parallel to the beach line.
The club was hence known as the Clyde Rowing Club. Globe Rowing Club – Coxed Clinker Four on the Tideway – date unknown During the mid 1930s, the headquarters were moved to another public house, The Globe on Royal Hill in Greenwich (demolished c. 1938), from which the rowing club took its current name, Globe Rowing Club. The club also had a headquarters (1947) at the nearby Mitre public house in Greenwich; and for a time used a decommissioned landing craft moored opposite the Union Tavern (today The Cutty Sark) at Ballast Quay.
Dutch skiff and crew completing the Great River Race on the River Thames Skiffing refers to the sporting and leisure activity of rowing (or more correctly sculling) a Thames skiff. A Thames skiff is a traditional hand built clinker-built wooden craft of a design which has been seen on the River Thames and other waterways in England and other countries for nearly 200 years. Sculling means propelling the boat with a pair of oars (blades) as opposed to rowing which requires both hands on a single oar.
The 1942 South Dakota Coyotes football team was an American football team that represented the University of South Dakota in the North Central Conference (NCC) during the 1942 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Cletus Clinker, the team compiled a 5–3 record (4–2 against NCC opponents), finished in third place out of nine teams in the NCC, and was outscored by a total of 132 to 116. The team played its home games at Inman Field in Vermillion, South Dakota.
The main measure of fineness today is specific surface. Because cement particles react with water at their surface, the specific surface area is directly related to the cement's initial reactivity. By adjusting the fineness of grind, the manufacture can produce a range of products from a single clinker. Tight control of fineness is necessary in order to obtain cement with the desired consistent day-to-day performance, so round-the-clock measurements are made on the cement as it is produced, and mill feed-rates and separator settings are adjusted to maintain constant specific surface.
The former granary Built between 1907 and 1913, this granary was designed by Berlin architect Friedrich Krause, who had already completed the docks in Stettin. He opted for a classicist design typical for the time, including a giant hipped roof, clinker brickwork, and ashlar masonry. Until 1990 the building was used as a warehouse, after which it stood empty for several years. After a construction permit was issued in May 2000, it was completely refurbished until March 2001, leaving the stylistic elements of the windows, hipped roof and walls intact.
The newer church was later enlarged by adding a modern annex. In the west of the community, which at the time was a new development area, the modern church St. Maria Immaculata was consecrated in 1961, as Saint Nicholas’s had itself become too small to accommodate the community’s growing numbers. The plain clinker-brick building with a 37 m-tall asymmetrical tower seats 600. The chancel is graced by a monumental painting by the artist Curd Lessig as well as by a modern octagonal altar lamp whose ornate glass panes depicts Biblical scenes.
In 1937, Hitler declared five cities to be converted into Führer cities (German: Führerstädte) in the new Nazi regime, one of which was Hamburg. The banks of the Elbe river of Hamburg, considered Germany's “Gateway to the World” for its large port, was to be redone in the clinker brick style characteristic of German Brick Expressionism. To supply the bricks, the SS-owned company Deutsche Erd-und Steinwerke (DESt) (English: German Earth & Stone Works) purchased a defunct brick factory (German: Klinkerwerk) and 500,000 m² of land in Neuengamme in September 1938.
It is separated from south and east adjoining private properties by a 0.50 m high field stone wall capped by a red clinker brick-on- end course and a newly planted hedge in front of it. There are no paths at the cemetery, the entire complex is laid out as a meadow. The southern part is planted with chestnut trees and the northern part with maple and ash trees. On the cemetery there are 31 very well preserved gravestones dating from the end of the 19th / beginning of the 20th century.
21 He was followed later in the season by forward player Dan Lewis, before David "Dai" Davies and Palmer Griffiths were signed by Swinton. The season also saw a marked decline in attendance figures, with many supporters switching their allegiance to local association football team Merthyr Town. Matters were made worse when Merthyr Tydfil switched grounds from College Park to the Rhydycar Ground on the outskirts of the town. Despite a change of venue, the crowds were still boisterous, and after a defeat to Dewsbury the supporters pelted the referee with clinker, cutting his head.
Ace Diamond (James Craven) and Bill Clinker (Rex Lease) frame Sunset Carson (Sunset Carson) for the murder of a young rancher, Jim Owens (Jay Kirby as Jay Kirby). Sunset and his sidekick, Banty McCade (Tom London) escape and ride to the Owen's ranch to aid Jim's sister Molly (Peggy Stewart) in her fight to hold the ranch from being taken over by town banker Jacob Lewis (Edmund Cobb), secretly in cahoots with Diamond; both men are aware that an assay report indicates there is gold on the Owens property.
The Nordland boat has a clinker, or lapstrake hull design and has its rudder on the sternpost. Its length varies from 14 to well over 40 feet and usually has a length to beam ratio of 3-1 to 4-1. It has a high prow and stern, shallow keel, v-hull and has an inboard gunwale, which can be used to drain off the fishing nets when they are drawn on board. Some of the larger Nordlanders have a detachable cabin that is used for shelter, often having a wood-burning stove inside.
Wooden Nordic Folkboat in 2007 The Nordic Folkboat was designed to be constructed of wood with a clinker or lap-strake hull. Oak framing and fir planking were specified, though different builders used many different species of wood. The boat has an open cockpit and a low coachroof covering a small trunk cabin usually consisting of two bunks and minimal lockerage. The boat is rigged as a simple fractional sloop, with minimal standing rigging, consisting only of two lower shrouds, two jumper shrouds, a headstay, and a backstay.
The Loch Long One Design is a small wooden sloop rigged keelboat. The design was commissioned by members of Loch Long Sailing Club to mark the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth and to replace their existing sailing craft with a low cost design which was capable of safe use in the local conditions found on Loch Long and the Firth of Clyde. The lines of the Swedish Stjärnbåt were adapted by James Croll to add a counter stern, alter construction from clinker to carvel and allow a permanent backstay to be fitted.
Dornas from Galicia: clinker-built boats to which is popularly attributed a Viking origin Various historians have suggested that the well evidenced development of naval forces and fortifications across the Iberian peninsula during the tenth and eleventh centuries can be partly attributed to Viking activity. For example, it has also been suggested that the first navy of the Emirate of Córdoba was built in response to the raid of 844,Haywood, John. "The Vikings in the Mediterranean" in The Penguin Historical Atlas of the Vikings. Penguin Group: New York, NY. 1995, pp.
Such details are consistent with Boyd's theory of structural expression: "Architecture is good building and building is good structure. Therefore it seems axiomatic to me that the main elements of the structure should be as apparent in a work of architecture as the words, sentences and paragraphs in a work of writing. Understanding the building is essential to a proper enjoyment of it".Boyd & Strizic, 1970, p. 83 quoted in Burdon, NT listing, 2013 Boyd chose the materials and finishes including the use of clinker bricks internally and externally.
Representative aspects of this approach includes Lyons House's emphasis on the form of the house responding innovatively to the client's requirements rather than following a traditional template for a home, its geometric, cubist shape, open planning and use of asymmetry, carefully detailed surfaces and sun-shading devices rather than ornament, its combination of industrial techniques (post tensioned concrete) with traditional materials (timber and clinker brick), its focus on the view out rather than the view in and the close attention paid to the relationship of the building to its landscape context.
The Thames skiff became formalised as a specific design in the early part of the 19th century. It is a round-bottom clinker-built rowing boat that is still very common on the River Thames and other rivers in England. Rowing skiffs became very popular in Victorian Britain and a skiff journey up the River Thames features in Three Men in a Boat by Jerome K. Jerome,Jerome, Jerome K. Three Men in a Boat (To Say Nothing of the Dog). Bristol: Arrowsmith, 1889 These skiffs could carry a sail and could be used for camping.
They were, however, difficult to fire due to their very long and narrow grates, and it was admitted in the report that dealing with the large drop- grate and the increased amount of clinker and ash placed greater physical strain on the stokers. No more locomotives of this experimental design were ordered when better quality coal began to become available from the coalfields in Natal, more suitable for use in the standard locomotives. Both locomotives were renumbered by 1886, when the system number prefixes were done away with and the Eastern System's locomotives were renumbered into the 600 number range. Engine no.
Members can regularly be seen rowing their traditional, clinker-built skiffs around the harbour and Scotsman's Bay throughout the year. The Water Wag Club[The Waterwags 1887–2012 by Alfred and Vincent Delany.] was founded in Kingstown in 1887 to "Establish a class of sailing punt with centreboard all rigged and built the same so that an even harbour race can be had with a light rowing and generally useful boat". This was the first time in yachting history that all the boats in a race should be identical, and that the winner would be the man with the greatest skill.
Each year the ECRC organises a summer schedule of regattas at clubs from Ringsend to Arklow where crews of all ages compete during the regatta. ECRC clubs also regularly compete in the biennial ‘Celtic Challenge’, a race of over 90 miles from Arklow to Aberystwyth in Wales as well as other long distance races such as the annual Ocean to City race in Cork, or the Kish lighthouse row in Dublin. Clubs can be regularly seen training at sea along the East Coast between April and September each year. Present day racing skiffs reflect their traditional origins, and are , clinker built, double-enders.
Both Salme ships are clinker-built and archaeologists have estimated their time of construction to be AD 650–700 in Scandinavia. There are signs indicating they had been repaired and patched for decades before making their final voyage. One of the ships is long and wide, the second one more than long and wide. None of them had mast or sails, and they would have been rowed for short distances along the Baltic coast, or between islands,Archaeology: The First Vikings or straight across the Baltic, as rowing longer distances has proved perfectly feasible time and again in modern times.
Portland cement blends are often available as inter-ground mixtures from cement producers, but similar formulations are often also mixed from the ground components at the concrete mixing plant. Portland blast-furnace slag cement, or Blast furnace cement (ASTM C595 and EN 197-1 nomenclature respectively), contains up to 95% ground granulated blast furnace slag, with the rest Portland clinker and a little gypsum. All compositions produce high ultimate strength, but as slag content is increased, early strength is reduced, while sulfate resistance increases and heat evolution diminishes. Used as an economic alternative to Portland sulfate-resisting and low-heat cements.
These emissions may be reduced by lowering the clinker content of cement. They can also be reduced by alternative fabrication methods such as the intergrinding cement with sand or with slag or other pozzolan type minerals to a very fine powder. To reduce the transport of heavier raw materials and to minimize the associated costs, it is more economical to build cement plants closer to the limestone quarries rather than to the consumer centers. In certain applications, lime mortar reabsorbs some of the CO2 as was released in its manufacture, and has a lower energy requirement in production than mainstream cement.
Because some materials have both useful mineral content and recoverable calorific value, the distinction between alternative fuels and raw materials is not always clear. For example, sewage sludge has a low but significant calorific value, and burns to give ash containing minerals useful in the clinker matrix.Guidelines for the selection and use of fuels and raw materials in the cement manufacturing process , World Business Council for Sustainable Development (1 June 2005). Scrap automobile and truck tires are useful in cement manufacturing as they have high calorific value and the iron embedded in tires is useful as a feed stock.
William Aspdin's innovation was counterintuitive for manufacturers of "artificial cements", because they required more lime in the mix (a problem for his father), a much higher kiln temperature (and therefore more fuel), and the resulting clinker was very hard and rapidly wore down the millstones, which were the only available grinding technology of the time. Manufacturing costs were therefore considerably higher, but the product set reasonably slowly and developed strength quickly, thus opening up a market for use in concrete. The use of concrete in construction grew rapidly from 1850 onward, and was soon the dominant use for cements.
Used tires being fed mid-kiln to a pair of long kilns Fuels that have been used for primary firing include coal, petroleum coke, heavy fuel oil, natural gas, landfill off-gas and oil refinery flare gas.Peray op cit Chapter 4 Because the clinker is brought to its peak temperature mainly by radiant heat transfer, and a bright (i.e. high emissivity) and hot flame is essential for this, high carbon fuels such as coal which produces a luminous flame are preferred for kiln firing. In favorable circumstances, high-rank bituminous coal can produce a flame at 2050 °C.
Chlorides are a minor additional constituents contained in the raw materials and fuels of the clinker burning process. They are released when the fuels are burnt or the kiln feed is heated, and primarily react with the alkalis from the kiln feed to form alkali chlorides. These compounds, which are initially vaporous, condense on the kiln feed or the kiln dust, at temperatures between 700 °C and 900 °C, subsequently re-enter the rotary kiln system and evaporate again. This cycle in the area between the rotary kiln and the preheater can result in coating formation.
Newly built single racing skiffs The Thames skiff owes its origins to the clinker boat building technique, of over-lapping timber planking, that's known to have existed in the region from before the 6th century Anglo-Saxon Snape and Sutton Hoo ship burials. Many of the terms used for parts of the skiff are of Germanic origin – "tholes", "thwarts", and "sax". Planks on either side of a wooden keel are laid down following the outline of a sham (temporary pattern) placed across the keel. The planks are nailed in place and then a transverse strengthening framework of ribs is added.
The centre arch had an opening of 18.68 metres wide, the two outer arches were each 15.48 metres wide. The piers and abutments were made of clinker bricks, clad with granite in places, the foundations were of concrete. Detail of the old Crown Prince Bridge At the end of the Second World War the Crown Prince Bridge was badly damaged and, after 1945, was provisionally maintained. With the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 the bridge was closed and lost its importance as a transport route because the River Spree was a sector boundary here.
During the summer, access to the eastern end of the lake is severely limited, since no trails have been constructed along the steep and unstable slopes which plunge directly into the lake. During winter, the lake is typically frozen from late December to late April, allowing backcountry skiers and snowshoers to easily reach the far shore. A pair of small alpine huts are located in Sphinx Bay on the eastern shore and Sentinel Bay at the southeastern tip of the lake. Panorama of Garibaldi Lake, with the Sphinx Glacier in the distance and the volcanoes of Mount Price and Clinker Peak at right.
The property was added to the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties and the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It is next door to another historic structure, the Skinner Building. The house is a two- and-a-half-story building generally adhering to the American Foursquare design, with a rectangular plan, a pyramidal hipped roof with dormers on three sides, and a full-width porch. The ground floor and porch columns are faced with dark-colored clinker brick, while the second floor is stuccoed with half- timbering reminiscent of the Tudor Revival style.
Ridden by Ben Smith, he started a 20/1 outsider, with Sir Mark Sykes' filly Theresa being made the 3/1 favourite. Petronius' long odds were partly explained by a rumour that he had thrown his jockey and eaten a great deal of clover shortly before the race. The closing stages of the classic were dominated by Petronius, Clinker (another colt sired by Sir Peter) and Lord Milton's Easton with Petronius prevailing after "a very good race". Petronius ended his first season at Richmond on 12 October, when he contested a sweepstakes for three-year-olds.
Bergonzi was unable to finish the performance, supposedly suffering irritation from the air-conditioning in his dressing-room. He withdrew after two acts, leaving the remaining two to be sung by Antonio Barasorda, a substitute singer. This performance was by wide critical consensus seen as a disaster.Margalit Fox, "Carlo Bergonzi, 90, an Operatic Tenor of Subtlety and Emotional Acuity, Dies", The New York Times, 26 July 2014 After retiring, Bergonzi is credited with mentoring tenors Roberto Aronica, Giuliano Ciannella, Berle Sanford Rosenberg, Vincenzo La Scola, Filippo Lo Giudice, Philip Webb, Giorgio Casciari, Paul Caragiulo, Lance Clinker, Fernando del Valle and Salvatore Licitra.
The facades of the terraced houses are painted in dark red, yellow ochre and - especially at the end of a terraced row – in deep blue or gleaming white. Doors and windows and individual building elements of the blocks of flats like loggias, stairwells or low- ceilinged attic floors are painted to contrast clearly with the facades. The front and rear sections are often designed in separate colour combinations. Further contrasts in material and colour are created by the use of bright red and yellow clinker bricks in the area of the chimneys, the entrances and the base of the walls.
This is an advantage in North Atlantic rollers provided the vessel has a small overall displacement. Due to the light nature of the construction method, increasing the beam did not commensurately increase the vessel's survivability under the twisting forces arising if, for example, when sailing downwind, the wave-train impinges on the quarter rather than dead astern. In these conditions greater beam widths may have made vessels more vulnerable. As torsional forces increased in proportion to displaced (or cargo) weight, the forces incident on the hull imposed an upper limit on the size of clinker- built vessels.
Pulsating combustion was also used to generate hot gas for heating purposes and to fire boilers. The principle was tested in the eighties at the SKET Institute in Weimar to determine the suitability of pulsating combustion as a unit for performing thermal, material-modifying processes. The unit was already being referred to as a pulsation reactor by the Institute at that time. As well as the process of cement clinker firing, the manufacture of polishing agents from iron oxalate for the optical industry and the manufacture of surface-active catalyst substrates from gibbsite were also investigated.
Three years after his debut, Jerry returned to Catterick Bridge Racecourse for the ten furlong Craven Stakes in April 1827. Ridden by Edwards, he started at odds of 9/2 against eight opponents and recorded his first success in thirty months as he won from the Duke of Leeds' colt Sirius. On 23 May at York he ran second to Fleur-de-Lis in the Constitution Stakes, finishing ahead of Humphrey Clinker and Sirius. Jerry next appeared at York in August when he was required to concede eleven pounds to the 1826 St Leger winner Tarrare in a two mile sweepstakes.
It is the newly built copy of the jekt Brødrene and the jekt Pauline of Steinkjer, the latter is so much repaired and rebuilt that she is far from her original condition. Both are carvel built and sailing, contrary to Anna Karoline which is on land. The Holvikejekta located at Sandane in Western Norway is also ashore and as Anna Karoline she is also clinker built.Holvikejekta, from Kulturhistorisk leksikon, Fylkesarkivet, Sogn og Fjordane county municipality :It is the only larger traditionally Norwegian cargo vessel from after the reformation which one can say is placed wholly within Norwegian shipbuilding tradition.
Missouri Port Authorities – Kansas City Port Authority Products shipped through the terminal include fertilizer, grain, corn, meal, bark, rock clinker, salt, rolled and coiled steel, H-beams, plate steel, rebar and petroleum coke. The terminal is served by the Union Pacific Railroad, with extensive rail track at the facility for loading and unloading containers. Missouri River at Kansas City Typically, shipment by barge is cheaper than other modes of transportation, with less negative impact on the environment. However, the marine shipping industry has suffered on the Missouri due to years of drought and a shipping season that closes during the winter months.
These red layers were formed millions of years ago. Coal seams outcropping in the Tongue River sandstone caught fire, probably from prairie fires that started by lightning. The fires burned from the outcropo back into the coal seams, and the fire finally went out when they burned so deeply into the coal seam that the fire was smothered. These fires burned for a long time and they were extremely hot, and they baked and changed the structure of the sedimentary rocks that lay just over the coal seam until it became a hard "clinker" substance and turned a reddish brick color.
On the Eastern System, problems were experienced with the low-grade local coal from the Cyphergat and Molteno collieries in the Stormberg. It had a high content of non-combustible material which often caused delays, since it required frequent stops to allow the stoker to clear the grate of clinker and ash, a tedious task which required the locomotive to be stationary. John D. Tilney, the Eastern System Locomotive Superintendent, carried out many experiments in an attempt to overcome the coal problem. Some of these involved modifying some of the 4th Class locomotives in order to install oscillating firebars and larger fireboxes.
In 1883, the extension of the Cape Government Railways (CGR) Eastern System's line from Queenstown reached Sterkstroom and passed through the Stormberg coalfields, where the Molteno and Cyphergat collieries were operating. While the Colonial coal was much cheaper than imported Welsh coal, it had a non-combustable content of as high as 29%, which led to difficulties when it was used in locomotives since it frequently caused train delays due to stops to allow the stokers to clear the grate of clinker and ash.The South African Railways - Historical Survey. Editor George Hart, Publisher Bill Hart, Sponsored by Dorbyl Ltd.
Each year the ECRC organises a summer schedule of regattas at clubs from Ringsend to Arklow where crews of all ages compete during the regatta. ECRC clubs also regularly compete in the biennial ‘Celtic Challenge’, a race of over 90 miles from Arklow to Aberystwyth in Wales as well as other long distance races such as the annual Ocean to City race in Cork, or the Kish lighthouse row in Dublin. Clubs can be regularly seen training at sea along the East Coast between April and September each year. Present day racing skiffs reflect their traditional origins, and are , clinker built, double-enders.
Vertical roller mill is a kind of grinding machine for cement, raw material, cement clinker, slag and coal slag. It has the features of simple structure and low cost of manufacture and use. Vertical roller mill has many different forms, but it works basically the same. All of these forms of machine come with a roller (or the equivalent of roller grinding parts), and roller along the track of the disc at the level of circular movement imposed by external grinding roller in the vertical pressure on the disc on the material being the joint action of compression and shear, and to crush.
Wherry Albion The Norfolk Wherry Trust is a waterway society and UK registered charity number 1084156, based at Womack Water near Ludham in the Norfolk Broads, [Norfolk , England. The Trust keeps afloat Albion, an example of the Norfolk trading wherry, so that she can be seen on the rivers and broads. Albion was built in 1898 - unusually - as a carvel wherry in oak on oak frames, by William Brighton, Lake Lothing, Suffolk (between Oulton Broad and Lowestoft) for Bungay maltsters W. D. and A. E. Walker. All other trading wherries in East Anglia were clinker built.
Many of the older large clinker built 'fours' and 'pairs' boats being housed under the railway arches of the LNER railway which ran alongside the sports ground. In addition on Parker's Piece, there were two football pitches in winter and a cricket square for summer. The sports ground was large enough for a 400-yard athletic track to be laid out for use during the summer term along with facilities for long and high jumps. A new clubhouse was built and completed in 1963 on the opposite bank of the river Derwent, but slightly further upstream.
The hulk (OE:hulc) is first recorded in the 10th century, when it is distinguished from a keel (OE:ceol), a ship in keeled longship tradition such as the knarr. Although clinker-built, the distinguishing feature of hulks were that they had no stem or stern posts or deep keel, being flat bottomed like a cog. Early images of hulks show them strongly curved upwards at stem and stern.McGrail (1981) pp 38-40 Hulks continued to be mentioned in use throughout the Middle Ages and into the 16th century, when it is particularly associated with the Baltic and the Hanseatic League.
Richmond Post Office is a two-story English bond, Victorian Italianate building of struck trowelled clinker brick, with a hipped slate roof to the main building and lead ridge capping. The roof is punctuated by two double brick and render chimneys to the southwestern side, and a single brick and render chimney to the centre southeastern side of the main building. Attached to the rear of the building are two single-storey brick additions with hipped corrugated steel roofs. They extend over a former service wing to the northwest side and later toilet facilities to the southeast side.
Benrath railway station, building Benrath railway station, tracks Tram in Benrath Benrath possesses a regional railway station on the railway track Cologne–Duisburg line of the historic Cologne-Minden Railway Company. The Düsseldorf-Benrath station is a pre-modern clinker brick building Bahnhof from the 1930s and the second railway station at this place. It is served by two Regional-Express services: RE 1 (NRW-Express) and RE 5 (Rhein-Express) and Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn line S 6, all operated by Deutsche Bahn. A Tram of the Rheinbahn, the line 701, connects Benrath to the city of Düsseldorf.
It was a 469-ell (approximately 279 metres) wall around Domkyrkoplanen, with a granite footing; the wall itself was of brick and covered by large blocks of chiselled Öland limestone. Set into the walls were five spacious gates built of hard-fired clinker brick and covered with sheet lead. The materials from three of these gates were moved after the 1802 fire to the new cemetery at the poorhouse meadow in the Stampen ward of Gothenburg.Göteborgs Aftonblad, No. 52, 1818 In 1775, French sculptor Pierre Hubert Larchevesque (1721–1778)Britt-Marie Aulin-Tonning, "Pierre Hubert Larchevesque" , Konstnärlexikonett Amanda, 2009.
Until the early 19th century, lime was the major ingredient used in mortar, which was central to western construction techniques for holding bricks and other building materials in place. In 1824 "Portland Cement" was developed in England by Joseph Aspdin, who named it after a pale grey coloured rock associated with Portland, England. Portland Cement is made by mixing limestone or chalk with either clay or shale in the right proportions and burning the mixture at 1,400-1,500 degrees Celsius, a point where the mix begins to fuse. The resulting clinker is then ground fine to produce cement.
Model from the Manx Museum of what the Viking boat burial may have looked like. The remains of an 11 metre long Viking boat that dates back to between 850AD and 950AD was excavated by Gerhard Bersu in 1945. The boat was a clinker-built oak vessel and was typical of the trading vessels that travelled the trading routes in the Irish Sea during this period. Although the boat timbers have long rotted away, the iron nails that held it together mark it's exact location and a stone cairn that is still visible today outlines the boat.
Early hydraulic cements, such as those of James Parker, James Frost and Joseph Aspdin were relatively soft and readily ground by the primitive technology of the day, using flat millstones. The emergence of Portland cement in the 1840s made grinding considerably more difficult, because the clinker produced by the kiln is often as hard as the millstone material. Because of this, cement continued to be ground very coarsely (typically 20% over 100 μm particle diameter) until better grinding technology became available. Besides producing un-reactive cement with slow strength growth, this exacerbated the problem of unsoundness.
In the second half of the century, the city was at the heart of the Scottish Enlightenment, when thinkers like David Hume, Adam Smith, James Hutton and Joseph Black were familiar figures in its streets. Edinburgh became a major intellectual centre, earning it the nickname "Athens of the North" because of its many neo-classical buildings and reputation for learning, recalling ancient Athens. In the 18th-century novel The Expedition of Humphry Clinker by Tobias Smollett one character describes Edinburgh as a "hotbed of genius". Edinburgh was also a major centre for the Scottish book trade.
Further growth continued into the 1960s as the mass slum clearances lead to mass redevelopment in towns and cities. By the late 1960s, the plant had grown by an extra two kilns and production stood at over 600,000 tonnes. Development by the Ketton lab saw a rapid-hardening cement (branded "Kettocrete") and a waterproof cement product being made, thanks to the further understanding of what differing proportions and quantities of minerals in the clinker could achieve. Water repellent and masonry cement were also developed by the laboratory, with differing quantities often controlled manually with little control by technology.
Boot houses were houses built in the United Kingdom after World War I to accommodate the housing boom following the war. They were named after Henry Boot, whose construction company (Henry Boot Limited), produced an estimated 50,000 houses between the end of World War I and the start of World War II. Due to a shortage of bricks, boot houses were built using precast reinforced clinker-concrete columns. Structural tests in the 1980s revealed significant deterioration in the concrete as a result of carbonatation. The Housing Act 1985 provided government grants for homeowners of such "defective" houses.
On the Eastern System, problems were experienced with the low-grade local coal from the Cyphergat and Molteno collieries in the Stormberg. It had a high content of non-combustible material which often caused delays since it required frequent stops to allow the stoker to clear the grate of clinker and ash, a tedious task which required the locomotive to be stationary. John D. Tilney, the Eastern System Locomotive Superintendent, carried out many experiments in an attempt to overcome the coal problem. Some of these involved modifying some of the 4th Class locomotives to install oscillating firebars and larger fireboxes.
A limitation of cogs is that they lack points to mount additional masts: at least some fore-and-aft sails are desirable for manoeuvrability but clinker- built cogs were effectively limited to a single sail. This made them unhandy, limiting their ability to tack in harbour and making them very reliant on wind direction at the start of voyages. The flat bottom permitted cogs to be readily beached and unloaded at low tide when quays were not available; a useful trait when purpose built jetties were not common. Cogs were expected to have a working life of approximately 40 years.
Recently Port Qasim Authority (PQA) has announced that an implementation agreement is being signed for the development of a 'pollution-free' Coal, Cement and Clinker Terminal (CCCT) worth $175 million with a handling capacity of up to eight million tons per year at port. This step would save the environment from irreparable damages and the health of the port workforce and nearby populations from serious respiratory diseases which would have been a serious threat if the powdery coal was handled in open/bulk on berths at port. Port Qasim Authority to build $175 million ‘pollution-free’ facility, Daily Business Recorder, 23 October 2009.
Being a range type station these Velox boilers could supply steam to either A or B stations. The boilers of 'A' Station suffered from reduced efficiency and clinker-related shutdowns owing to shortages of high grade hand-selected coal after the mechanization of mining began. The more modern 'B' Station was designed to handle the lower quality, impure coal extracted in mechanized mining, but supply difficulties meant that it often received the high grade product intended for 'A' Station. In 1946, supplementary oil burners were fitted to every boiler, to mitigate the consequences of coal shortages and quality issues.
Buchanan's design was for 19 feet 9 inches long boats, built of wood, with a clinker built hull. Their draught is 4 ft 5in with their centre plate lowered, and 1 ft 7in with it raised. They had a displacement of 2700 lbs (including the 500 lb keel) and looked more like a yacht than a large dinghy. The original design had a flat stern but the committee decided to change this to one with an over hang similar to a Seabird Half Rater and also to add a small cuddy for day and family sailing.
The Kingdom of the Franks under Charlemagne was particularly devastated by these raiders, who could sail up the Seine with near impunity. Near the end of Charlemagne's reign (and throughout the reigns of his sons and grandsons), a string of Norse raids began, culminating in a gradual Scandinavian conquest and settlement of the region now known as Normandy. The clinker-built longships used by the Scandinavians were uniquely suited to both deep and shallow waters. They extended the reach of Norse raiders, traders, and settlers along coastlines and along the major river valleys of north-western Europe.
In 1901 Marble Hill House on the north bank of the Thames and the surrounding park were purchased for public use and in 1902 the footpath on the southern bank near Ham House became a public right of way by Act of Parliament, resulting in increased passenger traffic in the area. In 1908 local resident Walter Hammerton began hiring out boats to leisure users from a boathouse opposite Marble Hill House, and in 1909 began to operate a regular ferry service across the river at this point using a 12-passenger clinker-built skiff, charging 1d per journey.
The Stella is a 'one-design' Bermuda rig sloop yacht, designed for cruising and racing by the noted yacht designer CR (Kim) Holman in 1959. The design was to the requirements of a customer who had seen the Nordic Folkboat and decided that the English east coast needed a similar vessel but modified for North Sea as opposed to Baltic conditions and a competitive racer on handicap. The prototype: Stella No. 1 La Vie en Rose was built to win the 1959 Burnham (on Crouch) week, which she promptly did. Clinker built of mahogany or larch on oak frames.
The Rosstown Railway once ran through Caulfield South, and its traversal through several suburban blocks remains public land to this day, an easy identifier of where the track once ran. The architecture of Caulfield South is predominately period-style detached 2 and 3 bedroom family homes with both front and rear gardens. Not all properties have off-street parking and rely on space available on the street. The architectural styles range from the early 1900s and onwards with common styles being Edwardian weather board to Californian Bungalow to Red Brick Clinker pairs which share a common wall.
The individual storeys of the peripheral course are lower at the top and the windows are narrower. The only ornament in this hall is the bare masonry of the pillars that form a frame to the octagonal ceiling windows above and taper down. An alternate colour scheme counteracts the massiveness of the upper very broad masonry: the lowest clinker bricks are green, followed by blue, red, purple, orange and finally yellow. It was designed as a three-aisled hall, with the seven-metre high ceiling supported by six pillars, and is illuminated through large, coloured glass windows on three sides.
A popular design of European origin is the carrack, which utilizes carvel construction techniques, which allowed boats to increase in size dramatically, far past that which is capable with clinker building techniques. Seen throughout the 14th and 15th century, these ships were used for trade between European powers and their foreign markets. The carrack featured anywhere from three to four masts, dominating ship designs until it was superseded by the galleon in the 16th century. The galleon featured a similar design to the carrack as it involved multiple sails and was much larger than vessels before it.
The Kokkola zinc smelter in Finland is the second largest in Europe and the fifth largest in the world, and mainly produces an alloy used in the galvanising of thin sheet metal. The Odda zinc smelter, which produces zinc for the steel industry and aluminium fluoride for Norway's aluminium industry, is located on the west coast of Norway. The Rönnskär copper smelter is located in the Swedish town of Skelleftehamn and its main products are copper, zinc clinker, lead and precious metals. The smelter, which produces sulphuric acid as a by-product of its operations, also produces metals from electronic scrap and other secondary materials.
In the early 1970s, production of the Corribee moved to Newbridge Boats Ltd who built it in fibreglass. Known as the Newbridge "Corribee 21" in the brochure, she was sold as "a fin keel version of the original centreboard clinker boat". The Mk1 was also built as a twin keel boat which has a shallower draft than the fin keel version and has the advantage of staying upright if run aground or kept on a drying mooring.Mk 1 (GRP) Brochure Page 2 on the Unified Corribee Website Compared to the later Mk 2 and Mk 3 Corribees, the Mk 1 has a few distinguishing features.
The produced fraction range is 0.045 – 1.6 mm and is customer specified. The trapezoidal roller mill with a separator is used for grinding of >1,000 various materials, such as: cement (clinker), limestone, gypsum, talc, slags, graphite, feldspar, coal, dolomite, mica, granite, quartz, marble, etc. In recent years, equipment has been delivered to the following geographic areas: all regions of Russia, the Baltic states, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Germany, Poland, and Iran. In 2010, OOO Strommashina took first place in the Power Engineering Cooperation Contest (in the category of Transport, Small and Medium Businesses) carried out by KES-Holding and OAO Volga TGK in 16 regions.
The hot feed that leaves the base of the preheater string is typically 20% calcined, so the kiln has less subsequent processing to do, and can therefore achieve a higher specific output. Typical large systems installed in the early 1970s had cyclones 6 m in diameter, a rotary kiln of 5 x 75 m, making 2500 tonnes per day, using about 0.11-0.12 tonnes of coal fuel for every tonne of clinker produced. A penalty paid for the efficiency of suspension preheaters is their tendency to block up. Salts, such as the sulfate and chloride of sodium and potassium, tend to evaporate in the burning zone of the kiln.
Schematic drawing of the longship type. They were not always equipped with shields. Longships were a type of specialised Scandinavian warships that have a long history in Scandinavia, with their existence being archaeologically proven and documented from at least the fourth century BC. Originally invented and used by the Norsemen (commonly known as the Vikings) for commerce, exploration, and warfare during the Viking Age, many of the longship's characteristics were adopted by other cultures, like Anglo-Saxons, and continued to influence shipbuilding for centuries. The longship's design evolved over many centuries, and continuing up until the 6th century with clinker-built ships like Nydam and Kvalsund.
In general, the rotary kilns used to chemically combine the raw materials are operated at a higher peak temperature (1600°C) than that required for gray clinker manufacture (1450°C). This requires a higher fuel consumption (typically 20-50% more), and results in lower kiln output (typically 20-50% less) for a given sized kiln. The reason for this is the relatively small amount of molten liquid produced during sintering, because of the low iron-content of the mix. The final reaction in the kiln, conversion of belite to alite, requires the melt liquid as a solvent, and is slower if the amount of melt is low.
It is important to finely grind the coal and have a burner which gives a very short bright flame (high velocity low primary air) so that the excess oxygen can be kept low close to zero with maybe 0.1% CO. There is no need for a second flame if combustion in the coal flame is rapid and controlled. The Off-white clinker has a light greenish colour due to Fe(II). Rotary kilns have limitations on output based on the surface area required for the heat transfer. Few old kiln process can reach the surface area limits due to limits in auxiliary equipment such as fuel input (e.g.
Mora was a ship of Drakkar design and clinker construction built at Barfleur in Normandy,Paul Hilliam, William the Conqueror: First Norman King of England (New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 2005), p. 39 a gift of Matilda of Flanders to her husband William the Conqueror in the summer of 1066.David C. Douglas, William the Conqueror (Berkeley & Los Angeles: The University of California Press, 1964), p. 190 She was a larger ship and carried ten knights with their entourages and equipment.A large ship could carry 40 to 45 armed men (not counting the ship's crew) or ten to twelve knights, whose entourage and equipment required more ship space.
Part of Garibaldi Lake near the Rubble Creek outflow. Garibaldi Lake and Battleship Islands Garibaldi Lake lies in a deep subalpine basin, with its surface at nearly 1,500 m (4,900 ft) above sea level and a depth exceeding 250 m (800 ft). It is almost entirely surrounded by mountains except at its northwestern tip, with volcanoes along the north, west, and south sides and non-volcanic peaks along the northeast and eastern shores. Lava flows from the volcanoes of Mount Price and Clinker Peak to the south blocked the ancestral valley, damming the waters of the lake behind the lava formation known as The Barrier.
Franklin, who was hosted by his close friend David Hume, concluded that the University possessed "a set of truly great men, Professors of Several Branches of Knowledge, as have ever appeared in any age or country."Michael Atiyah, "Benjamin Franklin and the Edinburgh Enlightenment," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society (2006) 150#3 pp 591–606. The novelist Smollett had one of his characters in The Expedition of Humphry Clinker describe the city as a "hotbed of genius". Thomas Jefferson, writing to the philosopher Dugald Stewart in June 1789, declared that, as far as science was concerned, "no place in the world can pretend to a competition with Edinburgh".
Current research is focusing on finding possible impurity additives, like magnesium, that might speed up the curing process. It is also worthwhile to consider that belite takes more energy to grind, which may make its full life of impact similar to or even higher than alite. Another approach has been the partial replacement of conventional clinker with such alternatives as fly ash, bottom ash, and slag, all of which are by-products of other industries that would otherwise end up in landfills. Fly ash and bottom ash come from thermoelectric power plants, while slag is a waste from blast furnaces in the ironworks industry.
The superintendent of the CUHSD at the time of the district's expansion, Larry Hill, made a deal with the brickyard adjacent to Del Mar High School, (which is now Del Mar's football Bowl), to get the 'clinker' bricks at a discount. These were used in all the schools the district was building at the time, which is why many of the older buildings have a lot of brick in them. Larry Hill, (a.k.a. Laurance J. Hill), was also Campbell High School's principal, beginning in 1946, and is credited with much of the district's growth and planning in his years in office, which ended in 1969.
The Danish Bronze Age ship, Hjortspring, is the earliest evidence for clinker construction in Northern Europe dating to the 4th century BCE. The most well-known examples of this construction type are attributed to the Vikings with ships like the Oseberg, Gokstad, The Roskilde Viking ships and the Schlei fjord wrecks, just to name a few. Carvel building was one of the critical developments that led to the pre- eminence of Western European seapower during the Age of Sail and beyond. Carvel construction developed from the age-old Mediterranean mortise and tenon joint method to the skeleton-first hull building technique, which gradually emerged in the medieval period.
The umbrella factory Brauer, Jülicher Straße 97-109, is a two- and three-storey building by the architects Josef Bachmann and Alexander Lürken from 1928, which was listed in 1977 as 3-storey skeleton building with rounded corners and flat roof; the facades are yellow bricked, the base with red clinker facing. The building, which was rather atypical for Aachen in its time, was borrowed from the Bauhaus style with its very striking designs. Typical features include the play with basic geometric shapes, such as the round window above the former main entrance. In 1988, the building was fundamentally rebuilt and restored according to the designs of Aachen architect Fritz Eller.
Many current pleasure craft reflect this history in that they have a mechanically attached (and therefore replaceable) rub rail at the location formerly occupied by a rubbing strake, often doubling to cover the joint between a GRP hull and its innerliner. Inflatable dinghies and RIBs usually have a rubbing strake (typically a glued- on rubber extrusion) at the edge.Examples of extruded rubbing strakes A "stealer" is a short strake employed to reduce the width of plank required where the girth of the hull increases or to accommodate a tuck in the shape. It is commonly employed in carvel and iron/steel shipbuilding, but very few clinker craft use them.
The site reopened to the public in 1945, but continued to deteriorate. With funds for restoration or protection lacking due to post-war austerity measures, the decision was reluctantly made by the then Corporation of Folkestone to recover the site with clinker from the nearby municipal incineration unit. It was not until 1989 that the site was re-excavated as a joint venture between the Kent Archeological Unit and Folkestone and Hythe District Council. The site was mainly a rescue mission, to locate the villa remains, determine the condition of the surviving Roman masonry, and ascertain how much of the villa had fallen over the cliff since 1924.
The Jubilee Pier at Salcombe Further into the estuary on the east side is a series of popular sandy beaches: Sunny Cove (nearest the bar), the large Mill Bay, Cable Cove (the landing point of a cross-channel cable), Small's Cove and Fisherman's Cove. Adjacent to Fisherman's Cove is a landing slip used by the ferry — open-topped clinker- built motorboats — from Salcombe directly across the estuary, communicating with the hamlet of East Portlemouth. From here there is access to the South West Coast Path. Opposite the Bar on the west side of the estuary are the beaches of South Sands and North Sands.
As Hodge in Love in a Village he made, at the West London Theatre, his first appearance in London. In 1813 he was a leading actor at the Olympic Theatre, under Elliston, with whom he migrated to the Royal Circus, subsequently known as the Surrey Theatre, his first part at this house being Humphrey Grizzle in Three and the Deuce. Under the management of Thomas Dibdin he rose at this house to the height of his popularity, his best parts being Leporello, Dumbiedykes in the Heart of Midlothian, Patch, Partridge in Tom Jones, and Humphry Clinker. At the Surrey Theatre he met Frances Copeland, whom he married on 2 December 1822.
The upper plane was a little larger in both span and chord, so the two interplane struts on each side diverged slightly upwards and leant gently outwards. Bracing was assisted by flying and landing wires. There were ailerons on the upper wing only, the first and third prototypes using the overhung, balanced type and the second with unbalanced ones ending at the wing tip. The D.IX had a fuselage of the Klinkerrumpf (clinker-built fuselage) type, roughly circular in cross section and built from overlapping longitudinal strips of spruce over a light, wooden frame, pioneered by LFG on the D.IV and used on the D.VI, D.VII and D.VIII.
It was a single bay biplane with pairs of near-parallel interplane struts and blunt tipped wings of almost constant chord, though less staggered than on the D.VI. The upper wing was carried above the fuselage by a cabane; only this wing mounted ailerons. A small cut-out in its trailing edge above the cockpit enhanced the pilot's view. The vertical tail was rounded, with a deep, wide chord rudder that extended below the fuselage to meet a small ventral fin. Both types had Klinkerrumpf, clinker built fuselages, monocoques constructed with thin overlapping spruce strips over a light wooden internal framework and oval in cross-section.
The D.XV was the last LFG design to use the Klinkerrumpfe (clinker built fuselage) structure, which produced a round cross section fuselage with thin, overlapping, longitudinal spruce strips supported by a light wooden frame, used on a succession of fighter types beginning with the D.IV. Its wings had constant chord and blunt tips, mounted with more stagger than on their earlier designs. The D.XV was a cantilevered single bay biplane with a lower wing of shorter span than the upper, so the interplane struts leaned outwards. There were no bracing wires. The second prototype differed in having a broader chord, slightly greater span upper wing and narrower chord lower planes.
The cause was less easy to establish, but the Court noted that the stokers were in the habit of piling the red-hot clinker and ashes from the boilers against the bulkhead directly adjoining the magazine. The magazine was well insulated with of cork, covered by wood planking ¾-inch (1.9 cm) thick and provided with special cooling equipment so it was not likely that the cordite had spontaneously combusted. Gorgons magazine was emptied and examined. The red lead paint on the bulkhead was blistered beneath the lagging and tests at the National Physical Laboratory demonstrated that it had been subject to temperatures of at least .
Punts were originally built as cargo boats or platforms for fowling and angling, but in modern times their use is almost exclusively confined to pleasure trips with passengers. The term "punt" has also been used to indicate a smaller version of a regional type of long shore working boat, for example the Deal Galley Punt. This derives from the wide usage in coastal communities of the name "punt" for any small clinker-built open-stem general purpose boat.According to March and The Chatham directory (see above) there were punts peculiar to Happisburgh (Norfolk), Yarmouth (Norfolk), Broadstairs (Kent), Dover (Kent), Hastings (East Sussex), Eastbourne (East Sussex), Itchen Ferry (Hampshire), and Falmouth (Cornwall).
The D.VI was a single bay biplane which discarded the L.F.G.-Roland patented Wickelrumpf (literally "wrapped body"), or semi- monocoque fuselage, constructed with two layers of thin plywood strips, diagonally wrapped around a male form to create a "half-shell", that used in previous L.F.G aircraft such as the Roland C.II, D.I and D.II in favour of the equally unusual (for aircraft use) Klinkerrumpf (or clinker-built) construction where the fuselage was built of overlapping thin strips of spruce over a light wooden framework.Gray and Thetford 1961, pp. 166–167. Visibility for the pilot was good, while the aircraft had above average manoeuvrability.Gray and Thetford 1961, p. 167.
The EU cement industry already uses more than 40% fuels derived from waste and biomass in supplying the thermal energy to the grey clinker making process. Although the choice for this so-called alternative fuels (AF) is typically cost driven, other factors are becoming more important. Use of AF provides benefits for both society and the company: CO2-emissions are lower than with fossil fuels, waste can be co-processed in an efficient and sustainable manner and the demand for certain virgin materials can be reduced. Yet there are large differences in the share of AF used between the European Union (EU) member states.
Two of the original boats are still racing and with additions - and sadly losses, over the years, the class now numbers 13. Nine 'are on the water', two are nearing completion of major rebuilding, and one unfortunately is in the Merseyside Maritime Museum. Their clinker constructions and seaworthy qualities make them ideal for the conditions in the Dee Estuary. Class rules dictate that each boat must have red sails, main and jib, with a white star containing the boats number on the main, due to this they are considered to be one of the most photogenic boats in the North West and North Wales where they visit most of the Regattas.
Ketton cement works As production increased, the transport of limestone and silica clay from the quarry to the plant needed to become more efficient. The standard gauge railway that had operated since the opening of the factory was replaced initially by dump- trucks, before being superseded by conveyor belts. New, larger crushers were installed in the quarry to reduce the size of the limestone before mixing with the clay. Kiln 7 was completed in 1975 at a cost of £10m. This kiln produced clinker by the dry process, as opposed to Kilns 1 – 6 which heated the crushed lime and clay as a slurry mixture.
John Gay, in his Beggar's Opera, notes that "A covetous fellow, like a jackdaw, steals what he was never made to enjoy, for the sake of hiding it". In Tobias Smollett's The Expedition of Humphry Clinker, a scathing character assassination runs, "He is ungracious as a hog, greedy as a vulture, and thievish as a jackdaw." Highly gregarious, western jackdaws are generally seen in flocks of varying sizes, though males and females pair-bond for life and pairs stay together within flocks. Flocks increase in size in autumn and birds congregate at dusk for communal roosting, with up to several thousand individuals gathering at one site.
Many bear crests and coronets, the so-called "Golden Shoe" (taken off Lord Willoughby de Eresby's favourite horse "Clinker") was "once abstracted by some ingenious thief who mistook the gilding for gold; but returned it in a railway parcel on discovering his error".Cleveland, Battle Abbey Roll In lieu of his paternal arms, the first Baron Ferrers of Groby adopted his maternal arms Gules, seven mascles or conjoined 3:3:1, the arms of de Quincy.Cokayne, G. E.; Gibbs, Vicary & Doubleday, H. A., eds. (1926). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant (Eardley of Spalding to Goojerat).
The naming confusion perhaps stemms from the variety of coastal craft used in Britain at the time: the English Cutter of the late 18th century, the Margate hoy used for Channel crossing, the Leith sloop, and the English Channel packet-boat. However, the description closely matches the Southampton fishing hoys, with "heavy", i.e. nearly vertical, stem and stern posts, larger than expected beams and rounded mid-ship sections. The clinker-builtMike Smylie, Traditional Fishing Boats of Britain & Ireland, Amberley Publishing Limited, 2012 Southampton fishing hoys carried the smack or cutter rigs rather than the sloop rigs of the south-eastern English coast (Dover & Thames) hoys.
One of Ralph Haver's most successful home designs was the Town and Country model, characterized by its low sloped roofline, weeping mortar brick and "patio port"It was estimated by the firm that there are 20,000 Haver designed tract homes in Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado. Haver Home characteristics include low-sloped rooflines, clerestory windows, massive mantle-less chimney volumes, floor-to-ceiling walls of glass, brick or block construction, clinker bricks in the wainscoting, angled porch posts and brick patios. Homes are typically less than 1400 square feet and significantly less in the postwar era due to federal mandate in conservation of materials.
It included a ropewalk, which made ropes for many industries in the locality, as well as for rigging of the boats, and supplied sails, masts and chandlery to much of the Humber region. Gradually, carvel-built barges with their smoother hulls replaced clinker- built ones, and boat sizes became more standard, with Sheffield-sized keels and larger sloops. Shortly after Richard's grandson took over the yard in 1910, it was remodelled to build iron and steel ships, and only one wooden boat was built subsequently. One of the issues with the yard was that the size of boats that could be built was restricted by the locks at either side of the site.
Mount Price, a less significant stratovolcano just north of Mount Garibaldi, formed during three distinct periods of volcanic activity beginning at 1.2 million years ago and culminating with the eruption of Clinker Peak on its western flank 0.3 million years ago. In addition to the large, central andesite-dacite volcanoes, the southern portion of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt includes remnants of basalt and basaltic andesite lava flows and pyroclastic rocks. These include valley -filling lava flows interbedded with till containing wood about 34,000 years old. The poorly studied Alert Bay Volcanic Belt extends from Brooks Peninsula on the northwestern coast of Vancouver Island to Port McNeill on the northeastern coast of Vancouver Island.
The Forest of Dean, with its huge iron-ore reserves and ready supply of timber, had been an area of national importance in the production of iron, using charcoal, for hundreds of years. Even the name Cinderford is thought to have derived from the term ' meaning clinker, that was left behind by early Roman ironworks (ford probably refers to the crossing over the Cinderford Brook). The first coke-fired blast furnace was constructed in 1709 at Coalbrookdale, in Shropshire. However, despite there also being extensive coal measures in the Forest of Dean, local coal did not produce coke that was ideal for smelting and the ironmasters were reluctant to invest in the new technology.
Many experts, including Margaret Rule, the project leader for the raising of the Mary Rose, have assumed that it meant a complete rebuilding from clinker planking to carvel planking, and that it was only after 1536 that the ship took on the form that it had when it sank and that was eventually recovered in the 20th century. Marsden has speculated that it could even mean that the Mary Rose was originally built in a style that was closer to 15th-century ships, with a rounded, rather than square, stern and without the main deck gunports.Marsden (2003), p. 142; for examples of authors that have stated that the ship went through considerable alterations in 1536, see also p. 16.
Tim Burstall had been interested in telling the story of Eliza Fraser for a long time, writing a script back in 1969.Andrew Pike and Ross Cooper, Australian Film 1900–1977: A Guide to Feature Film Production, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, 1998, p 308 He envisioned the film as a picturesque piece in the vein of an 18th-century novel like Humphry Clinker or Tom Jones, as he felt this was closer to the Australian ocker sense of humour. Originally the movie was to have a Rashomon type structure with Eliza's story told three times from three different points of view. But eventually it was decided to turn Eliza into a comic figure.
Another possibility is that the drums caused a spark whilst being rolled across the stone floor. Correspondence between the clerk of the coroners' court and Cooper-key details how the company was criticised for not using a rubber loading platform and just removing the drums straight from wagons onto the stone floor. The company employees were also not using special overboots to prevent sources of ignition. The drums containing the acid were not covered over in good weather; the covers should have been applied whatever the circumstances to prevent dust and hot clinker being able to come into contact with the product and cause ignition (the nearby buildings were heated by open coal fires).
This developed into a profitable sideline, supplying ropes to many local industries, and other items to chandlers based at Hull and Grimsby. While repairs to existing hulls were a major part of the output of the yard, vessels capable of carrying up to 80 tons were built, for use on the Humber and its connecting navigations. The hulls were initially clinker built, using overlapping joints between the timbers, but later carvel construction was used, where the timbers butted up against each other to produce a much smoother hull. By the end of the nineteenth century, boat sizes had standardised somewhat, with most craft being either Sheffield-sized keels with square rigging, or larger Humber sloops.
The Sydney School, also the Nuts and Berries style, refers to an architectural style by a group of architects in Australia who reacted against international Modernism with their own regionalist style during the 1960s. In contrast to the purism of the international style, they were drawn to rustic materials, clinker bricks, low gutter lines, and raked roof lines rather than flat roof lines. This loose collection of architects, comprising, among others, Peter Muller, Bill Lucas, Bruce Rickard, John James, Neville Gruzman and Ken Woolley,Jennifer Taylor. ‘The Sydney School’, An Australian Identity, University of Sydney Press, 1972 favoured organic and natural houses, often built on steep slopes and hidden from view in natural bushland.
A cement plant consumes 3 to 6 GJ of fuel per tonne of clinker produced, depending on the raw materials and the process used. Most cement kilns today use coal and petroleum coke as primary fuels, and to a lesser extent natural gas and fuel oil. Selected waste and by-products with recoverable calorific value can be used as fuels in a cement kiln (referred to as co-processing), replacing a portion of conventional fossil fuels, like coal, if they meet strict specifications. Selected waste and by-products containing useful minerals such as calcium, silica, alumina, and iron can be used as raw materials in the kiln, replacing raw materials such as clay, shale, and limestone.
Thousands of East Berliners line up at the station to cross into West Berlin on 10 November 1989, a day after the Fall of the Wall Crowds going through checkpoints inside the Palace of Tears in 1990. All smiles while undergoing immigration checks in 1990. Underground S-Bahn Station. Only S1, S2 and S25 stop at the station The renovated station, with its restored terra cotta clinker bricks as wall covering Platform and train shed on the Berlin Stadtbahn viaduct The Berlin U-Bahn station of the Friedrichstraße station Immediately after the fall of the Berlin Wall, the traffic for the S-Bahn in Berlin as well as long distance train traffic to and from Berlin increased dramatically.
This system encouraged the thought of providing low-cost stopping places without station facilities; retractable steps would be provided on the coaches to enable passengers to climb in and out. The "platform" was simply a short area of levelled clinker at rail level, on the up side of the line in each case. The idea was considered feasible, and was implemented from 20 November 1922, when Fen Ditton, Exning Road, and Mildenhall Golf Links halts were opened. (The last named was renamed shown Worlington Golf Links Halt from 1 January 1923.) The Railway Magazine described the process; the provision of halts with short platforms had generated additional traffic as well as improving the railway's competitive position.
A lerret is type of fishing boat designed for use off the Chesil Beach in Dorset. It was an open clinker-built rowing boat about 16 feet long with a beam of about 5–6 feet, rowed by 2 or 3 pairs of rowers. To facilitate launching and beaching on the steep shingle of Chesil Beach, the stern was sharp with a high sternpost and the bottom of the craft was flat. The design dates back to the 17th century and the name is a contraction of Lady of Loretto – the first boat of this type built by a local ship's master who had formerly traded with Italy and named it after the shrine at Loretto.
High-altitude leather double- boots with clinker nails on their leather soles came from Robert Lawrie of Burnley, while approach boots were supplied by John Marlow and Son, and F. P. Baker and Co. Knee-high camp boots made of sheepskin and wool came from Clarke, Son and Morland. Dr T. Magor Cardell and Mr Hamblin jointly designed high-altitude goggles with orange-tinted glass, and ice-axes and crampons were bought from, amongst others, Horeschowsky in Austria. Puttees, made in Kashmir to a design suggested by General Bruce, were also taken. Beale of London supplied 2,000 feet of Alpine Club rope and light line; 2,000 feet came from Jones of Liverpool.
Using sheet materials in boat construction is cheap and simple, but whereas these sheet materials are flexible longitudinally, they tend to be rigid vertically. Examples of steel vessels with hard chines include narrowboats and widebeams; examples of plywood vessels with hard chines include sailing dinghies such as the single-chined Graduate and the double- chined Enterprise. Although a hull made from sheet materials might be unattractively "slab-sided", most chined hulls are designed to be pleasing to the eye and hydrodynamically efficient. S-bottom hull (A), compared to a hard (B) and soft (C) chine hull Hulls without chines (such as clinker-built or carvel-built vessels) usually have a gradually curving cross section.
A clinker-built Viking longship, whose overlapping planks constitute "strakes". Garboard strakes and related near-keel members Diagram of typical modern metal-hulled ship’s exterior plating, with a single strake highlighted in red On a vessel's hull, a strake is a longitudinal course of planking or plating which runs from the boat's stempost (at the bows) to the sternpost or transom (at the rear). The word derivesOxford English Dictionary -"Strake" (from Old English "", stretch), nautical: each of the several continuous lines of planking or plates, of uniform breadth, in the side of a vessel, extending from stem to stern. Hence, the breadth of a plank used as a unit of vertical measurement of a ship's side,(late Middle English).
" Reviewing a 90 minute intermissionless version performed in Las Vegas, TheaterMania wrote "The only other two numbers to be cut completely, "(The Legend of) Miss Baltimore Crabs" and "Cooties," aren't missed at all; the first is the closest thing to a clinker in the show, an uninspired attempt to musicalize the comic villainess Velma Von Tussle". CinePhillyist described it as "Michelle Pfeiffer's funny and more than a little dirty [number]". Similarly, EY Jacksonville called it "one of the funniest numbers in the show". IndyWeek commented "This show that features a number titled "The Legend of Miss Baltimore Crabs" had earned a standing ovation from a room ranging from children to the elderly.
In October Chiffone was under the command of Captain Patrick Campbell, perhaps temporarily. On 10 June 1804, Chiffone and consorts engaged French gunboats. Then on 20 June Chiffonne captured another Zeeluft, or at least a vessel by that name and with a different master than that of the previous year. Chiffonne was in company with , , , and the hired armed cutter . On 10 June 1805, Chiffone, with Falcon, Clinker, and Frances chased a French convoy for nine hours until it took shelter under the guns of Fécamp. The convoy consisted of two corvettes (Foudre under Capitaine de vaisseau Jacques- Felix-Emmanuel Hemelin, and Audacieuse, under Lieutenant Dominique Roquebert), four large gunvessels and eight others, and 14 transports.
A Court of Enquiry held immediately afterwards found that the explosion had occurred in the midships 6-inch magazine situated between the boiler and engine rooms. The cause was more difficult to establish, but the Court did note that the stokers were in the habit of piling the red-hot clinker and ashes from the boilers against the bulkhead directly adjoining the magazine to cool down before they were sent up the ash ejector. The magazine was well insulated with of cork, covered by wood planking thick and provided with special cooling equipment so it was not likely that the cordite had spontaneously combusted. The magazine of Glattons sister ship Gorgon was emptied and examined.
Yangquan City is rich in mineral resources, and as many as 52 kinds of mineral deposits have been proved, especially anthracite, pyrite and bauxite, which are famous for their large reserves, high grade and easy exploitation. It is one of the largest anthracite production bases in China, one of the three bauxite production bases and one of the five pyrite production bases in China. The territory contains a coal area of 1051 square kilometers, coal geological reserves of 10.4 billion tons, pyrite 250 million tons, bauxite 227 million tons. The annual output of raw coal is 35 million tons, the annual production of pyrite is 2 million tons, and the annual output of bauxite clinker is 1.8 million tons.
Whishaw, F., (1842) The Railways of Great Britain and Ireland London: John Wheale repub Clinker, C.R.ed (1969) Whishaw's Railways of Great Britain and Ireland Newton Abbot: David and Charles It was shared by the Manchester and Leeds Railway, which ran on the NMR tracks from just north of Normanton since Parliament had refused to sanction two lines running side by side. It was replaced by the Midland Railway in 1846 by Leeds Wellington railway stationWilliams, R., (1988) The Midland Railway: A New History, Newton Abbot: David and Charles and became a goods depot which closed in 1972. The site is now occupied by the Crown Point Retail Park, which opened in 1989.
Jubilee under sail A Sgoth or Sgoth Niseach is a traditional type of clinker built skiff with a dipping lug rig, a Lateen style sail, built mainly in Ness, in the Western Isles of Scotland. The boats were used as traditional fishing boats, particularly for line fishing, during the 19th century and until the early half of the twentieth century.Ness Historical Society page with some Sgoth history There are several still in active use owned by community trusts which maintain them. The rig of a Sgoth is unusual in that the yard is longer than the mast, all of the rig fits comfortably within the boat as the mast was lowered when working with the lines.
Labels Berlin 1 in the old East Warehouse (left) and the new building for Labels Berlin 2 The former BEHALA East Warehouse on Stralauer Allee 10/11 was built in 1913 by Friedrich Krause and is listed as a historical monument of turn-of-the-century industrial architecture for its clinker brick façade, pilasters and moldings of limestone. In 2006, it was thoroughly cleaned, refurbished and renovated by Labels Projektmanagement GmbH & Co. KG in close cooperation with its future occupants. After the completion, eight fashion companies set up showrooms in that location, including Hugo Boss, Esprit and Tom Tailor. Additional new construction has been underway in the neighboring lot for an expansion, Labels Berlin 2 (see below).
Strong was born on November 14, 1885, in a "two-room parsonage" in Friend, Nebraska, the "Middle West," to parents who were middle class liberals active in the Congregational Church and missionary work.Mildred Andrews, "Strong, Anna Louise (1885-1970)," HistoryLink, November 7, 1998.B. K. Clinker, "Anna Louise Strong (1885-1970)," Knox Historical Society, 2004, accessed January 26, 2018.Reuters, "Anna Louise Strong Dies in Peking at 84," reprinted in The New York Times, March 30, 1970, accessed January 26, 2018.Darren Selter, "Witness to Revolution: The Story of Anna Louise Strong," University of Washington, accessed January 26, 2018. She lived with her family from 1887 to 1891 in Mount Vernon, Ohio and in Cincinnati beginning in 1891.
A replica of the Bremen cog: note the stern deck, partially enclosing the hold, and the crow's nest A cog is a type of ship that first appeared in the 10th century, and was widely used from around the 12th century on. Cogs were clinker-built, generally of oak. These vessels were fitted with a single mast and a square-rigged single sail. They were mostly associated with seagoing trade in north-west medieval Europe, especially the Hanseatic League. Typical seagoing cogs ranged from about 15 to 25 meters (49 to 82 ft) in length, with a beam of 5 to 8 meters (16 to 26 ft) and were 30–200 tons burthen.
In a recent (2002) restaging of the Rainhill Trials using replica engines, neither Sans Pareil (11 out of 20 runs) nor Novelty (10 out of 20 runs) completed the course. In calculating the speeds and fuel efficiencies, it was found that Rocket would still have won, as its relatively modern technology made it a much more reliable locomotive than the others. Novelty almost matched it in terms of efficiency, but its firebox design caused it to gradually slow to a halt due to a buildup of molten ash (called "clinker") cutting off the air supply. The restaged trials were run over the Llangollen Railway, Wales, and were the subject of a 2003 BBC Timewatch documentary.
During his career, Agha Jan initiated and completed a 1320 Megawatt coal based power plant (PQEPC Project) at Port Qasim. Through effective coordination under the leadership of Mr Agha Jan, Port Qasim Authority started numerous diversified projects established through private sector investment. The first LNG Terminal on Fast Track basis by Engro Elengy Terminal Pakistan Limited (EETPL) was completed in a record time of 11 months. With his efforts PQA made all requisite arrangements to make the terminal operational and has successfully handled more than 200 vessels, till date, including Qflex size. Besides, the PIBT- Coal & Clinker / Cement Terminal with handling capacity of 8 million tonnes was also made operational under Mr Agha Jan’s tenure.
Drag conveyors, variously called drag chain conveyors, scraper chain conveyors and en-masse conveyors, are used in bulk material handling to move solid material along a trough. They are used for moving materials such as cement clinker, ash, and sawdust in the mining and chemical industries, municipal solid waste incinerators, and the production of pellet fuel. The difference between drag conveyors, scraper conveyors, and flight conveyors largely depends on whether the chain links have obvious flights or paddles attached. In a drag conveyor, the chain moves the material directly, while a flight conveyor uses a series of wood, metal, or plastic flights attached to the chain at regular intervals, which push the material along the trough.
Brooks Atkinson of the New York Times called the musical "disappointing," Ward Morehouse of the New York Sun thought it was a "sharp disappointment," Richard Watts, Jr. of the New York Post felt it was "only pretty fair," and the Variety critic, citing an "overly-plotty book, undistinguished score, insufficient comedy and merely adequate performances," described it as "something of a clinker." Despite the poor reviews, many of its songs become popular hits, and 98 singles and three albums of the show's tunes were released. Weekly profits ranged from $5,000 to $9,000, although a six-week tour lost about $25,000. 42nd Street Moon in San Francisco produced the musical in November 2005.
During the 1974 Brisbane flood the ship's crew had to fasten Cementco to the pylons of the Story Bridge to prevent her from being carried down the Brisbane River. Cementco continued to transport coral until the mid-1980s, when QCL was acquired by the firm Holderbank and another ship was purchased to transport clinker to the company's new factory at Gladstone. She was subsequently laid up at Mary Street Wharf while attempts were made to sell her; during this period she was renamed Crusader II to avoid confusion with a new ship named Cementco. A buyer was not found, and in 1986 Cementco was sunk at Flinders Reef off Cape Moreton where she later became a popular dive wreck.
While the poor quality coal from Indwe and Molteno, with a high ash content and a tendency to clinker, had an equally negative effect on the performance of both types, the Fairlie proved to be more economical on coal and water. Only two men were allowed to be working each type during the trials, but on the back-to-back engines this was found to be insufficient since both men were exhausted after the short run. Better results were obtained by separating the back-to-back engines and running them in the conventional double-heading manner with both locomotives facing in the same direction. The downside of this option, however, was that it required two crews.
When the film was screened in New York, audiences allegedly cried out "I want my money back!" and "I hope the film breaks!"Google Books Grossing $54,811 during its opening weekend, the film went on to become a box office flopGoogle Books with a total domestic gross of $99,978.Box Office Mojo The movie was poorly received by critics, with The New York Times stating that the quotes mentioned in this section were "the truest, most sanely existential lines spoken during the film [that] night," as the Los Angeles Times wrote "Sorry, but [the film] is a wrong number." Leonard Maltin wrote that "Goldberg may have hit rock bottom with this clinker".
Argos purchased Corporación de Cemento Andino in Venezuela, in 1998. Subsequently, Argos established alliances to make investments in the Dominican Republic, Panama and Haiti. In 2005, Argos merged all of its cement producing companies in Colombia and purchased Southern Star Concrete and Concrete Express in the U.S. The following year, it purchased Ready Mixed Concrete Company in the US and merged its concrete producing companies in Colombia and then purchased the cement and concrete assets of Cementos Andino and Concrecem in Colombia. In October 2011, Argos purchased the Lafarge operations in the southeastern U.S. adding two cement plants, one clinker grinding, 79 concrete plants and five terminals to the Argos U.S. operation.
There, the trek was soon welcomed with open arms by the few British hunters and ivory traders there such as James Collis, including the semi-invalid Reverend Allen Francis Gardiner, an ex-commander of the Royal Navy ship Clinker, who had decided to start a mission station there. After congenial exchanges between the Boers and British sides, the party settled in and invited Dick King to become their guide. The Boers set up their laager camp in the area of the present-day Greyville Racecourse in Durban, chosen because it had suitable grazing for the oxen and horses and was far from the foraging hippos in the bay. Several small streams running off the Berea ridge provided fresh water for the trekkers.
There are many trades that occur with companies outside of this park region. All of these exchanges have contributed to water savings, and savings in fuel and input chemicals. Wastes were also avoided through these interchanges. For example, in 1997, Asnaes (the power station) saved 30,000 tons of coal (~2% of throughput) by using Statoil (large oil refinery) fuel gas. And 200,000 tons of fly ash and clinker were avoided from Asnaes landfill. These resources savings and waste avoidances, documented before 1997, are illustrated in the tables to the right. A study in 2002 showed that these exchanges also contributed to more than 95% of the total water supply to the power plant. This is up from 70% in 1990.
Other Pleistocene vents are located along and to the west of the Cheakamus River. Cinder Cone, to the east of The Black Tusk, produced a 9-km-long lava flow during the late Pleistocene or early Holocene. The Black Tusk viewed from the southeast Mount Price, west of Garibaldi Lake, 5 km south of The Black Tusk, was formed in three stages of activity, dating back 1.1 million years, the latest of which produced two large lava flows from Clinker Peak during the early Holocene that ponded against the retreating continental ice sheet and formed The Barrier, containing Garibaldi Lake. The Table is a steep-sided andesite tuya, situated approximately 3 km southwest of Mount Price and south of Garibaldi Lake.
It had an estimated carrying capacity of 161 'tons burden'. That was a contemporary measure of ship size, based on the number of tons of wine a ship could carry. In the 1460s customs accounts of nearby Bristol, vessels of 150+ tons were typically called 'navis' (great ship) and used primarily for the long-distance voyages to southern Europe, particularly Lisbon.Evan T. Jones, 'The shipping industry of the Severn Sea' in Evan T. Jones and Richard Stone (eds.), The World of the Newport Medieval Ship: trade, politics and shipping in the mid-fifteenth century (University of Wales Press, 2018) The vessel was clinker built with each plank overlapping the one below, the lower plank always being on the inside of the one above.
GW 0-6-0PT bringing in empty stock in 1962 There was great competition between the different railway companies in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Swansea had seven stations in 1895, owned by five different railway companies: High Street (GWR), St Thomas (Midland Railway), East Dock (GWR), Riverside (Rhondda & Swansea Bay Railway, by which it was called simply Swansea; renamed Swansea Docks by the GWR in 1924 and Riverside two years laterC.R. Clinker, Clinker's Register of Closed Passenger Stations and Goods Depots in England, Wales and Scotland, 1830-1977, AvonAnglia Publications, Bristol, 1978), Victoria and Swansea Bay (both London & North Western Railway), and Rutland Street (the town terminus of the Mumbles Railway). Only High Street now remains in the city centre.
1885 yard bill from local plumber to fit a WC in a yacht By the age of 16, Robertson had started work as an apprentice with the Dunoon boatbuilder, Ewen Sutherland, who came from a family of boatbuilders in Portree on the Isle of Skye. After his initial training, further experience was acquired at Alexander Stephen and Sons Ltd of Linthouse, one of the main Govan yards. In 1876 Robertson, at the age of 25, teamed up with Daniel Kerr to form 'Robertson & Kerr, Boat Builders and Carpenters'. The initial boats built in their small workshop were modest 'clinker' craft and fishing skiffs, but they also carried out repairs, hired and stored boats, laid moorings and even earned money from fishing.
The construction of a modern road over the Ord of Caithness in the 1930s was a boost to the area but it spelt the end of the railway; the distance from Lybster to Helmsdale by rail via Wick was , but by the new road it was just over . The line closed completely after the last train on 1 April 1944.H A Vallance, C R Clinker, Anthony J Lambert, The Highland Railway, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1985, John Skene who drove the first train on the opening day of the railway in 1903 started the engine for the last trip on 1 April 1944. A large party of people gathered at Lybster station for the last train which was decked with flags for the occasion.
Clinker which remains on site The first coke-fired blast furnace had been constructed in 1709, at Coalbrookdale in Shropshire, but it was almost a century later before they began to make an appearance in the Forest of Dean. Despite the presence of both extensive iron-ore reserves and coal measures, Forest of Dean coal did not produce coke which was ideal for smeltingHistorical Metallurgy Society website and local ironmasters were reluctant to invest in the new technology. Around 1820, however, Moses Teague, whilst borrowing the cupola furnace at Darkhill Ironworks, discovered a way to make good iron from local coke. To exploit his discovery, he re-opened Parkend Ironworks in 1824 and Cinderford Ironworks in 1829, greatly advancing the Forest of Dean iron industry.
Portland cement is the most common cementing agent in grout, but thermoset polymer matrix grouts based on thermosets such as urethanes and epoxies are also popular.DM Harrison, The Grouting Handbook, A Step-by-Step Guide for Foundation Design and Machinery Installation, Elsevier Press, 2013, Portland cement-based grouts come in different varieties depending on the particle size of the ground clinker used to make the cement, with a standard size of around 15 microns, microfine at around 6-10 microns, and ultrafine below 5 microns. Finer particle sizes let the grout penetrate more deeply into a fissure. Because these grouts depend on the presence of sand for their basic strength, they are often somewhat gritty when finally cured and hardened.
China National Building Material Co., Ltd. or CNBM is a public traded company, engaging in cement, lightweight building materials, glass fiber and fibre- reinforced plastic products and engineering service businesses. CNBM is currently the largest cement and gypsum board producer in China. It is also the largest glass fiber producer in Asia. CNBM was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange under IPO on 23 March 2006. CNBM joined the Hang Seng China Enterprises Index from 10 March 2008. In October 2013 CNBM entered into an agreement with Qatari Investors Group to expand the Al Khaliji Cement plant. Al Khaliji, a subsidiary of Qatari Investors Group, is planning to double clinker and production capacity at the plant to 12,000tpd and 14,000tpd, respectively.
The rowing club was originally established at J. Stone & Co's engineering works in Deptford's Arklow Road and was called Stones Rowing Club, with membership restricted to company employees. In the first years after the club was established, the boats used were heavy Clinker fours, hired from local waterman in East Greenwich and were used mainly on Sunday mornings. This was found to be cost prohibitive and, in time, the club applied to Stone's engineering works for a grant to purchase new equipment. This was refused, and as a result the club broke away from the works and set up independently to attract new members from elsewhere, with headquarters in the nearby Lord Clyde public house (western end of Clyde Street).
The size and position of a heavy mineral deposit is a function of the wave energy reaching the beach, the mean grainsize of the beach sediments, and the current height of the ocean. Anecdotal reports of certain beach placers forming in modern times suggest that the greatest enrichment tended to occur in storm events energetic enough to remove most of the beach's sediment load—a process favoring the lighter minerals. The resultant 'clinker' sands left behind were mined during low tide following major storm events, suggesting that most beach placer deposits are formed during such cycles. Fossilised dune systems often are exploited for heavy mineral sands because they are from the ocean and because they are often remnants of previous intraglacial highstands.
Stern-mounted rudder Cogs were typically constructed largely of oak, and had full lapstrake, or clinker, planking covering their sides, generally starting from the bilge strakes, with double-clenched iron nails for plank fastenings. At the stem, chases are formed; that is, in each case, the land of the lower strake is tapered to a feather edge at the end of the strake where it meets the stem or stern-post. This allows the end of the strake to be fastened to the apron with the outside of the planking mutually flush at that point and flush with the stem. This means that the boat's passage through the water will not tend to lift the ends of the planking away from the stem.
The village of Wick formed around Wick Manor, established after the Norman Conquest of 1066. It has an ancient Roman Brick/clay making site, (this now lies under a road called 'Potters Mead', off Courtwick Road). Wick had an Art Deco era Steam Laundry built in the 1920s, it has now been demolished. An Alleyway or Twitten that passes by the site of the former True Blue public house, is known locally as 'Dark Alley' due to the black clinker surface laid down along its route. During the early 1990s some areas of Wick had developed a reputation for drug and alcohol addiction, high teenage pregnancy, and low ‘community esteem’ this resulted in the establishment of a Christian charity called "The WIRE project" to address these issues.
The resurgence of centralized authority throughout Europe limited opportunities for traditional raiding expeditions in the West, whilst the Christianisation of the Scandinavian kingdoms themselves encouraged them to direct their attacks against the still predominantly pagan regions of the eastern Baltic. The Scandinavians started adapting more continental European ways, whilst retaining an emphasis on naval power – the "Viking" clinker-built warship was used in the war until the 14th century at least. However, developments in shipbuilding elsewhere removed the advantage the Scandinavian countries had previously enjoyed at sea, whilst castle building throughout frustrated and eventually ended Viking raids. Natural trading and diplomatic links between Scandinavia and Continental Europe ensured that the Scandinavians kept up to date with continental developments in warfare.
For some of this summer period, Grinder, under the command of Lieutenant Francis Trevor Hamilton, served as a tender to the first rate , flagship of Rear Admiral Sir Edmund Lyons, Bart GCB. From July 1855 she was commanded by Lieutenant Burgoyne. Grinder played her small part in the actions against the fort at the head of Dnieper Bay as part in a joint force of British and French warships, including the steam frigate Valourous, Gladiator and Clinker, on 18 October 1855. Further activities of the squadron, including Grinder, consisted of destroying vast quantities of provisions and fuel near the town of Yeisk in the Sea of Azov on 3 November 1855, just as the weather was changing to make naval activities there impossible.
MCL, Ammasandra was well equipped and the location was well planned, since Limestone was available very near around a distance of 10–15 km near a place called Ramapura and also Ammasandra was well reachable by Railway transport as well. Initially MCL Ammasandra use to produce only Cement and later it was adapted to produce Clinker from the early 1980s. Now it produces two products which are Portland slag cement(43 grade) and Portland pozzolana cement. The clinkerisation capacity of Damoh was further improvised to 1 million tpa by installing another state of art 6 stage preheater kiln at an investment of Rs.800 million, which was commissioned in 1989, which helped not only in improving the operational efficiency but also in reducing the coal consumption and enhanced productivity.
The William Bennett was a Clinker constructed design and had curved washboards fixed fore and aft at the end boxes boat to keep the sea from breaking inboard. The boat was 41 feet long and was one of the longest self-righter lifeboats in the service at that time. She was also comparatively narrow beamed at just over nine feet. The lifeboat men had asked that their new lifeboat to be of a lighter design to ease the handling problems but after delivery it was found that this new lifeboat was in fact heavier than the previous lifeboat and weighs in at 6 tons 10cwt. In the days preceding her arrival, the William Bennett underwent various launch exercise with the RNLI’s chief inspector and various different crew members.
Portland cement, a form of hydraulic cement, is by far the most common type of cement in general use around the world. This cement is made by heating limestone (calcium carbonate) with other materials (such as clay) to in a kiln, in a process known as calcination that liberates a molecule of carbon dioxide from the calcium carbonate to form calcium oxide, or quicklime, which then chemically combines with the other materials in the mix to form calcium silicates and other cementitious compounds. The resulting hard substance, called 'clinker', is then ground with a small amount of gypsum into a powder to make ordinary Portland cement, the most commonly used type of cement (often referred to as OPC). Portland cement is a basic ingredient of concrete, mortar, and most non-specialty grout.
334 Robinetta, a 4½ ton auxiliary gaff cutter, was built for him at the Rock Ferry yard of the Enterprise Small Craft Company, Birkenhead, and launched on 10 May 1937. Elected in March 1935 to the Royal Cruising Club - 'an association of yachtsmen who prefer navigation to racing and are full of passionate interests' (Arthur Ransome 1912) - Rayner set out, in summer 1937, to follow 'skipper' Lynam's wake to the Western Highlands. Lynam's Blue Dragon was a small clinker built yawl of his own design, as was Robinetta , built on the Mersey, from where he sailed her to the Firth of Clyde. Thus Rayner, before he was 30, (and according to a self-description in his file at the Royal Institution of Naval Architects (RINA)) became an amateur yacht designer and experienced small boat sailor.
The school was also the first of any high school in the state to boast a sunken football stadium; the stadium came about as part of an agreement between the school district and Count Allesandro Dandini, the owner of a brick-making plant which was adjacent to the football field. The stadium area was cleared out in exchange for the clay which was excavated. In 2007, the grass field and dirt track were replaced with an artificial turf field and tartan track in time for football season. The superintendent of the CUHSD at the time of the school's construction in 1957, Larry Hill, made a deal to get the 'clinker' bricks from the yard at a discount, to use in the schools the district was building at the time.
Designed by Laing and Co., as they are poured in-situ into moulds type designs developed from 1919 onwards, they do not suffer the problems of many steel framed buildings. The rare Mk1 version had thick solid no-fines clinker concrete walls, built in the period 1919 to 1928. The more common Mk2 version from 1925 to 1945 had cast in situ cavity walls, thick inner and outer leaves with cavity, usually finished externally with stone dashed render coat. Post-1945, the Mk3 version, which makes up the majority of houses, was modified to specification, and hence had cast in situ concrete walls, inner and outer leaves of thickness separated by a cavity, and reinforcement in both skins located in four horizontal bands above and below window openings.
George UnderhillGeorge Frederick Underhill, A Century of English Fox-Hunting, R.A. Everett, 1900 recorded (albeit inaccurately in relation to Christian's alleged illiteracy) that: > It was Dick Christian’s profession to earn his living out of the hunting > field. He rode in many steeple chases but was never a cross-country jockey > as we understand the phrase. He bought and sold many horses, but was never a > professional dealer. He was paid for giving opinions upon the merits or > demerits of many horses, but he was never a veterinary surgeon. He was “hail > fellow well met” with everybody from George IV to an earthstopper, and could > hardly write his own name. Among the famous races in which Dick Christian took part was the 1826 steeplechase between Horatio Ross’s horse Clinker and George Osbaldeston’s Clasher.
Alite is the major phase in Portland cement responsible for setting and development of "early" strength. The other silicate, belite contributes "late" strength, due to its lower reactivity. Alite is more reactive because of its higher Ca content, and the presence of an oxide ion in the lattice. During clinker grinding, first step of partial dissolution of C3S involves hydration of superficial oxide ions and leads to a hydroxylated C3S surface. : 3Ca2+ \+ SiO44− \+ O2− \+ H2O → 3Ca2+ \+ SiO44− \+ 2OH− It reacts with water (roughly) according to the reaction: :2Ca3SiO5 \+ 6H2O → 3CaO·2SiO2·3H2O + 3Ca(OH)2 Which can also be written in the cement chemist notation (CCN) as: :2 C3S + 6 H → C3S2H3 \+ 3 CH :2 + 6 H2O → C-S-H + 3 The hydrate is referred to as the calcium silicate hydrate – "C-S-H" – phase.
A gripe is a simple form of clamp used in building a clinker boat, for temporarily holding the strake which is being fitted onto the one to which it is to be attached. The strake is relatively thin and wide so that it is necessary for the tool to have a long reach while only a small movement is required. This is achieved by taking two pieces of dense timber, typically oak, each of a length a little more than twice the widest width of the strake. A coach bolt (see carriage bolt) is fitted through the middle and adjusted so that the gripe will fit onto the land (the joint between the adjacent strakes) while admitting the point of a wedge between the free ends of the two parts of the gripe.
Limestone to the northeast and east of the anticline in Bottineau, Burke and Renville counties, oil and gas is trapped by anhydrite infilling or shale and siltstone cap rock in the Triassic Spearfish Formation, over an unconformity. The beach and nearshore sediments of the Tyler Formation, close to Dickinson, North Dakota also house oil, trapped in Mississippian and Pennsylvanian sediments together with a shoreline stream filled with oil-bearing sand, south of Dickinson at Rocky Ridge. In one unusual case, the oil-bearing Red Wing Structure in McKenzie County contains Mississippian strata uplifted 3000 feet higher than neighboring sediments of the same age due to a meteorite impact. Western North Dakota is notable for widespread clinker—clay, shale and sandstone baked into a material like natural brick by burning coal.
The second round proved eventful because It's A Mint went fastest in 29.29 but Yellow Printer and Russian Gun both remained unbeaten after the round. Yellow Printer remained unbeaten as he wrapped up his semi-final in 29.43 from Ballybeg Flash; It's A Mint defeated Drumna Chestnut in the second decider and the remaining semi provided the punters with a superb fight back from Russian Gun when the black dog had looked in a hopeless position; he then came from nowhere to qualify behind Clinker Flash. In the final Ballybeg Flash broke first out of the traps, but it was Yellow Printer from trap four who took the lead followed by Russian Gun, who stayed with him the whole way round and only conceded the race late on.
However the dominant steamer operator on the loch, David MacBrayne Ltd, declined to use the railway pier and it saw very little use. The extension to the pier involved a hand-operated swing bridge over the Caledonian Canal and a viaduct over the River Oich. Passenger traffic on the pier extension was suspended from 1 October 1906,In Forgotten Railways page 202 Thomas says "On 30th September 1907 the I&FAR; closed its pier and station at Fort Augustus, and abandoned the expensive and little-used approach. In the following year the Highland withdrew its trains and the NB moved in to work the line..." The date 30 September 1906 is used by other authorities (Vallance, Clinker and Lambert; Quick) and in any case the NBR took over in 1907, not 1908.
The work included an innovative response to the site's constraints through the design of an airborne swimming pool as the structural centre of the house with cantilevered living areas arranged around it sufficiently elevated to access fine water views on three sides., The design included the use of traditional materials such as timber and clinker brick, internally and externally in combination with industrial materials such as post-tensioned concrete, and also the use of Japanese-inspired internal partitions. . . The visual expression of structural elements and the valorisation of the natural landscape setting are all important components of the design, which is a model of structural economy and site responsiveness. The significance of the place is further heightened by the design contributions of Marion Hall Best (interiors) and Bruce Mackenzie (landscaping).
Lady Freda and Teign Spirit lead away from the harbour at St Mary's, Isles of Scilly, during the world pilot gig championships The Cornish pilot gig is a six-oared rowing boat, clinker-built of Cornish narrow-leaf elm, long with a beam of . It is recognised as one of the first shore-based lifeboats that went to vessels in distress, with recorded rescues going back as far as the late 17th century. The original purpose of the Cornish pilot gig was as a general work boat, and the craft is used as a pilot boat, taking pilots out to incoming vessels off the Atlantic Coast. At the time pilots would compete between each other for work; the fastest gig crew who got their pilot on board a vessel first would get the job, and hence the payment.
Distinctive features of Hall houses include small kitchens and bedrooms, large public areas, more closets and storage spaces than usual, bay and oriel windows, stepped stair railings with squared balusters, pocket doors, rough clinker brick fireplaces (often with seating nooks), wooden wainscoting, built-in china cabinets, and a tendency to place the front door on the side of the house. Especially notable is her attention to design features that made life easier for women, such as pass-throughs between kitchens and dining rooms. Hall got into speculative building in the East Bay on a large scale following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, which created an exodus of people looking for new homes outside the city itself. Between 1906 and 1912 she concentrated on the Elmwood district of Berkeley, an area that was then just beginning to be developed.
It became a practice to spray water into dry kilns in order to "damp down" the dry mix, and thus, for many years there was little difference in efficiency between the two processes, and the overwhelming majority of kilns used the wet process. By 1950, a typical large, wet process kiln, fitted with drying-zone heat exchangers, was 3.3 x 120 m in size, made 680 tonnes per day, and used about 0.25–0.30 tonnes of coal fuel for every tonne of clinker produced. Before the energy crisis of the 1970s put an end to new wet-process installations, kilns as large as 5.8 x 225 m in size were making 3000 tonnes per day. An interesting footnote on the wet process history is that some manufacturers have in fact made very old wet process facilities profitable through the use of waste fuels.
Tobias Smollett, on the other hand, wrote more seemingly traditional novels (although the novel was still too new to have much of a tradition). He concentrated on the picaresque novel, where a low-born character would go through a practically endless series of adventures that would carry him into various cities and circles of high life and achieve either a great gain (in a comic ending) or a great loss. Unlike Sterne, who only published two novels, or Fielding, who died before he could manage more than four novels, Smollett was prolific. He wrote the following and more: The Adventures of Roderick Random (1748), The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle (1751), The Adventures of Ferdinand Count Fathom (1753), The Life and Adventures of Sir Launcelot Greaves (1762), The History and Adventures of an Atom (1769), and The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771).
There was a small circular cut-out in the trailing edge of the upper wing above the cockpit to enhance the pilot's view. The fuselage of the D.IV, like those of their earlier fighter designs, was a wooden monocoque but LFG abandoned their earlier Wickelrumpfe (wrapped fuselage) approach, which used thin bands of spruce veneer reinforced with fabric, in favour of a cheaper Klinkerrumpf (clinker fuselage) which followed boat building practice with overlapping spruce strips over a light wooden internal framework. It was oval in cross-section, though the six cylinder, water-cooled upright inline Mercedes D.III was mounted with its cylinders and exhaust exposed above it, driving a two blade propeller with a large spinner. The fuselage tapered behind the open cockpit, where an unswept straight edged, blunt angle tipped tailplane, mounted on top of the fuselage, carried separate, tapered elevators.
During the late 1940s and 1950s, the Commonwealth Bank expanded its activities Australia-wide, opening hundreds of branches and agencies to cater for the increase and spread of population accompanying Australia's great post-war migrant influx, and reflecting the buoyant national economy of the 1950s. In December 1959 the Commonwealth Bank of Australia was restructured and renamed the Commonwealth Banking Corporation. In the 1960s and 1970s Gladstone entered a new period of prosperity with the establishment of an alumina refinery, an alumina smelter, a cement clinker plant, a huge regional power station, and three separate coal loading facilities. As early as 1970, the growth of business through the Commonwealth Banking Corporation's Gladstone office had increased to over 7,800 savings accounts and 800 cheque accounts, and the existing premises were proving inadequate for the conduct of bank business.
Another reviewer suggested that, whilst Vimonda had some of the faults of a first play, the playwright had promise. With the composer William Shield he started work on an opera. To earn some money, Macdonald wrote for newspapers, mostly satirical pieces under the pseudonym Matthew Bramble (the name of a character in the novel Humphry Clinker, by fellow Scot, Tobias Smollett). Financial worries forced the family to move from Brompton to ‘a mean residence’ in Kentish Town. Although by nature buoyant, amiable, and engaging, the pressure of his hardships overwhelmed Macdonald, and ‘having no powerful friends to patronise his abilities, and suffering under the infirmities of a weak constitution, he fell victim, at the age of three and thirty, to sickness, disappointment and misfortune.’ Andrew Macdonald died on 22 August 1790,David M. Bertie: Scottish Episcopal Clergy, 1689–2000, 2000.
The Eierkühlhaus on the East Harbor in Berlin Since July 2002, the German headquarters of the Universal Music corporation has been located at Stralauer Allee 1, in a former Eierkühlhaus (egg cold-storage warehouse), which was built in 1928/1929 and designed by the Dresden's building officer, Oskar Pusch. The functional and heritage-protected façade of this former refrigerated warehouse features elements of Bauhaus architecture: thick brickwork walls with diamond-shaped decorative patterns made of clinker bricks and molded ceilings. After being closed down, the Berlin Harbor and Warehouse Corporation (Berliner Hafen- und Lagerhausgesellschaft, or BEHALA) decided in 1992 to put the Eierkühlhaus and the neighboring granary (see below) to new use. There were plans, in 1995, to connect the two buildings into one complex and to use it as a "Business Design Center," which was nevertheless not brought to fruition.
From the 13th century cogs would be decked, and larger vessels would be fitted with a stern castle, to afford more cargo space by keeping the crew and tiller up, out of the way; and to give the helmsman a better view. alt= a scaled down wooden transverse cross-section of a cog A cog, compared with the carvel-built vessels more traditional in the Mediterranean, was expensive and required specialist shipwrights. However, their simpler sail setup meant that cogs only required half the crew of similar sized vessels equipped with lateen sails, as were common in the Mediterranean. A structural benefit of clinker construction is that it produces a vessel that can safely twist and flex around its long axis (running from bow to stern), which is an advantage in North Atlantic rollers, provided the vessel has a small overall displacement.
The coal burnt would have had an estimated ash content of between 14% and 22%, and so at a cost of £160,000, the company were to install electrostatic precipitators, to remove 97% of the dust from the smoke and waste gases from combustion, before leaving the two high chimneys. The view at the time was that the remaining dust that would leave the chimneys would not have caused "any appreciable pollution", and the waste gases, consisting of carbon dioxide, were thought not to "cause any injury or harm to the inhabitants of the city, to buildings or to vegetation." Between 350 and 450 tonnes of bottom ash clinker would be produced by the station per week. NESCo intended to sell this on to local construction companies as a construction material and believed there was a ready market for this.
Tibthorpe did not run as a two-year-old but showed a great deal of promise in training: according to one story Bill Scott dismounted after an early gallop and dropped to his knees to thank God "that he has sent me a bloody clinker at last". In early 1846 the name of Tibthorpe began to appear in the betting lists for The Derby: after being quoted at odds of 100/1 in late January, he was backed down to 25/1 over the next month. Tibthorpe made his first racecourse appearance in the 2000 Guineas at Newmarket on 28 April, starting at odds of 5/1 in a field of six runners. Bill Scott produced a "perfect" display of jockeyship to win a slowly run race on his own horse, foiling a major gamble on a horse named Tom Tulloch.
On the other hand, Titanic was given ample stability and sank with only a few degrees list, the design being such that there was very little risk of unequal flooding and possible capsize. Lusitania did not carry enough lifeboats for all her passengers, officers and crew on board at the time of her maiden voyage (actually carrying four lifeboats fewer than Titanic would carry in 1912). This was a common practice for large passenger ships at the time, since the belief was that in busy shipping lanes help would always be nearby and the few boats available would be adequate to ferry all aboard to rescue ships before a sinking. After Titanic sank, Lusitania and Mauretania would be equipped with only six more clinker-built wooden boats under davits, making for a total of 22 boats rigged in davits.
Walls are buttressed, battered, and folded into reveals being supported at horizontal folds by concealed permanent formwork of reinforced concrete, openings are narrow and glass is deeply recessed to provide shade. The selection of light earth toned, kiln fired bricks throughout, set in unusually thick, flush struck, beds of ochre coloured mortar, enhances the sense of solidity and references the underground brick silos, the stables and barns of the Tocal Homestead, as well as Webber's original cottage of 1822. The brickwork is purposefully rough to confirm the rustic and robust nature of the buildings, every clinker or chipped brick utilised. Similar coloured kiln fired bricks are used as paving throughout the colonnades and the interiors of the buildings, and the ground plane is modelled with sunken terraces, such that the walls appear to rise out of the earth.
The station opened in 1850.History of the Great Western Railway, E.T. MacDermot (rev. C.R. Clinker, pub. Ian Allan, 1964) It was built by the South Wales Railway, which amalgamated with the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1863, but it was not originally on the South Wales Railway main line, planned to connect London with the port of Fishguard, and Swansea passengers had to change at Landore, two miles to the north until at least 1879. The station has been renovated and extended several times in its lifetime - most notably in the 1880s, when the stone-built office block facing High Street, on the west side of the station, was added, and in 1925-7 when the platforms were lengthened.Track Layout Diagrams of the GWR and BR (Western Region), R.A. Cooke (self-published) The present-day frontage block, facing Ivey Place, was completed in 1934.
Those who did not swim in the nude, stripped to their underwear. The Bath Corporation official bathing dress code of 1737 prescribed, for women: > No Female person shall at any time hereafter go into a Bath or Baths within > this City by day or by night without a decent Shift on their bodies. The Expedition of Humphry Clinker was published in 1771 and its description of ladies’ bathing costume is different from that of Celia Fiennes a hundred years earlier: > The ladies wear jackets and petticoats of brown linen, with chip hats, in > which they fix their handkerchiefs to wipe the sweat from their faces; but, > truly, whether it is owing to the steam that surrounds them, or the heat of > the water, or the nature of the dress, or to all these causes together, they > look so flushed, and so frightful, that I always turn my eyes another way.
In 1824 "Portland Cement" had been developed in England by Joseph Aspdin, who named it after a pale grey coloured rock associated with Portland, England. Portland Cement is made by mixing limestone with either clay or shale in the right proportions and then burning the mixture at , a point at which the mixture begins to fuse.GML, 2005 The resulting clinker is then ground to produce cement. Portland Cement was a far superior building product and it caught on quickly in Europe and especially Germany but was infrequently used in Australia before the end of the 19th century.Fenwick & Holmes, 1993 There is a reference in Australia that locates the earliest experiments with Portland Cement at the Portland site in NSW in 1884 by the Cullen Bullen Lime & Cement Company.NBRS&P;, 2003, 17 In 1863 Thomas Murray first used the Portland site for lime extraction and production.
A Mancunian, Charles Eckersley, who moved to Buckie in the 1950s and started trading as a fish merchant, noticed that many of the varieties of shellfish that were regarded as economically useless by Buckie fishing vessels (prawns, scallops etc.) were in fact the same species that he had enjoyed whilst completing his National Service in Palestine. He seized the opportunity to exploit this gap in the market and he built a thriving processing and packing business, which eventually expanded to include factories as far afield as Barcelona and Alicante in Spain. The Buckie Shipyard now repairs and refits RNLI lifeboats for much of the United Kingdom and operates service contracts for various other clients including the MoD as well as building new vessels but boatbuilding was a major industry in the town for decades. Until recent years there were three quite separate boatyards building traditional wooden clinker fishing vessels.
The class holds a national championships on an annual basis – known as Burton Week after the premier prize of the week: The Sir William Burton Cup – at various venues around the UK coast. The National 12 is a development class where within a set of rules (and with occasional considered changes to those rules) the boats have been able to evolve over time, moving from wood and clinker construction to high-performance glass and carbon fibre-foam composite boats. One of the most noticeable changes in the boats is the steady increase in beam over the history of the class – early examples were less than 5 ft while modern ones are usually at the maximum 6 ft 6 in to provide maximum righting moment for the crew. The Twelve has developed into a racing boat which performs well in all conditions being highly manouvreable and challenging to sail in windy weather.
Deane reported retrieving a bilge pump and the lower part of the main mast, both of which would have been located inside the ship. The recovery of small wooden objects like longbows suggests that Deane did manage to penetrate the Tudor levels at some point, though this has been disputed by the excavation project leader Margaret Rule. Newspaper reports on Deane's diving operations in October 1840 report that the ship was clinker built, but since the sterncastle is the only part of the ship with this feature, an alternative explanation has been suggested: Deane did not penetrate the hard shelly layer that covered most of the ship, but only managed to get into remains of the sterncastle that today no longer exist. Despite the rough handling by Deane, the Mary Rose escaped the wholesale destruction by giant rakes and explosives that was the fate of other wrecks in the Solent (such as ).
The emission behaviour of the individual elements in the clinker burning process is determined by the input scenario, the behaviour in the plant and the precipitation efficiency of the dust collection device. The trace elements introduced into the burning process via the raw materials and fuels may evaporate completely or partially in the hot zones of the preheater and/or rotary kiln depending on their volatility, react with the constituents present in the gas phase, and condense on the kiln feed in the cooler sections of the kiln system. Depending on the volatility and the operating conditions, this may result in the formation of cycles that are either restricted to the kiln and the preheater or include the combined drying and grinding plant as well. Trace elements from the fuels initially enter the combustion gases, but are emitted to an extremely small extent only owing to the retention capacity of the kiln and the preheater.
One of the three lightkeepers, George Anderson, and his wife Elisabeth, along with five of their six children were suffocated by fumes in January 1791. Their eleven- month-old daughter Lucy was discovered alive three days later. Ash and clinker had piled up beside the beacon tower over the previous ten years and had reached the window of keepers' room, and was set smouldering by coals falling from the beacon. The light was sometimes hard to recognise, for example a 36-gun fifth rate captured from the French in 1780 and were wrecked near Dunbar on the night of 19 December 1810 because their navigators had mistaken a lime kiln on the mainland coast for the beacon. The Northern Lighthouse Board purchased the island in 1814 from the Duke and Duchess of Portland for 60,000 pounds, by which time the beacon was the last remaining private lighthouse in Scotland. A proper lighthouse was built on the island in 1816 by Robert Stevenson.
Berths 7 and 8 are each 175 metres long with alongside depth of 12 metres and can accommodate vessels to 40 thousand DWT. The Barge Berth is 80 metres long with alongside depth of 6 metres and capacity for vessels of 2500 DWT. The Mundra Port offers 21 closed dockside warehouses with capacity for 1.37 lakh (137 thousand) square metres to store wheat, sugar, rice, fertilizer, raw material for fertilizer and deoiled cakes. The port offers 8.8 lakh (880 thousand) square metres of open storage for steel sheets, coils, plate, clinker, scrap, salt, coke, bentonite, and coal. An additional 26 thousand square metres of open storage is available alongside the railway. The port also offers a wheat-cleaning facility with capacity to handle 1200 metric tons per day and a rice-sorting and –grading facility that can handle 500 metric tons per day. The Port of Mundra is planning several additions and improvements. Two thermal power plants are under construction that will produce over 8,600 megawatts.
Clinker's latest audio work entitled "On the Other Side... (for L.Cohen)" was released to critical acclaim on the Los Angeles Sound Art Label, Dragon's Eye Recordings, in January 2009. Through the Fall/Winter of 2009 Clinker was an artist in residence at the Banff Centre of the Arts (BNMI) advancing new ideas in visual music for future audio-visual sculptural installations. Recent performances include Roulette Mixology Festival (New York), High Performance Rodeo 2010 (Calgary), (((Soundwave))) (Vancouver Island), Mutek_10 (Montreal), Mutek_10 TOUR (Edmonton), Emmedia Sonic Boom 2009 (Calgary), Banff Centre - BNMI Interactive Screen (2008 & 2007 editions) and the 2008 Leanord Cohen International Festival. The last few years have seen Clinker's work performed and exhibited in Canada and abroad in festivals including Tanzstartklar Festival 2008 (Graz, Austria), New Forms Festival 2007 & 2003 (Vancouver), Sprawl - Interplay_4 Festival 2007 (Amsterdam, Dublin, London, Bristol), Sea of Sound Festival 2005 (The Works - Edmonton), Mutek Le Placard Festival 2005 (Montreal), Standart 2003 (Madrid, Spain).
The works was built under the auspices of the South Metropolitan Gas Company's chairman George Livesey. Before construction could begin many tons of clinker and heavy rubbish were dumped in order to build up the marshy ground.Mary Mills, Greenwich Marsh: The 300 Years Before the Dome, London: M.Wright, 1999, The gas works eventually occupied most of the east and centre of the peninsula, stretching for around from Blackwall Point, southeast towards New Charlton and covering some .Carr R.J.M (Ed),Dockland: An illustrated historical survey of life and work in east London, NELP/GLC, 1986, The works took over the chemical works of Frank Hills at Phoenix Wharf on the east side of the peninsula, which already used tar and ammonia from existing gas works. In 1889 (during a time of labour unrest including the 1889 dock strike) under the leadership of Will Thorne the workforce resigned en masse in an attempt to prevent a profit-sharing scheme with anti-strike clauses.
Parth Jindal was appointed managing director of JSW Cement in June 2014 and is aiming to expand from 14 MPTA to a 20 Million MPTA target by December 2020. JSW Cement currently makes two variants of Green Cement products – JSW Cement Portland Slag Cement and Concreel HD. To bring down CO2 levels in production of Cement, JSW Cement has adopted a waste utilisation process that uses by-products or waste from other industries, thus limiting the use of carbonaceous raw materials. In April 2018, JSW Cement confirmed its stake in Shiva Cement Ltd at 54.44% The company has commissioned enhanced capacity at their Dolvi Plant, and have commissioned plants in Jajpur, Odisha. Parth is working towards raising Rs. 3,500 Crores through an IPO in 2021 Under Parth's leadership the company has invested US$150 Million in Fujairah UAE, to set-up a one million tonne per annum clinker unit to achieve its 2020 targets.
Instead it became wholly owned by Reale Mutua Assicurazioni (Royal Mutual Insurance), an insurance company that already financed almost all of its costs and is still the owner of the entire property. The building is a prominent example of early 20th-century Italian rationalist architecture, notable for its widespread use of innovative materials such as glass brick, clinker brick and linoleum, and is also the first Italian building with a welded metal structural frame. The building occupies a little more than two-thirds of a city block, consisting of a 9-storey low-rise section, and a 19-storey high- rise section reaching 87 metres at its roof, upon which rises an antenna tower, giving the building a total height of 109 metres; until 1940 it was the tallest continuously habitable building in Italy. During World War II its roof mounted one of the 58 air raid sirens in Turin, and the building sustained minor damage during the bombing of 13 July 1943.
The updated general plan for the Port of Varna to 2020 was approved in 1999. Major projects for new construction, reconstruction and modernization include: a deepwater container terminal and a ro-ro terminal on the island under the Asparuhov most bridge, a grain terminal on the north shore of Lake Varna south of the Dry Port storage base, a liquid chemicals terminal and a cement and clinker terminal at Varna West, and modernization of the passenger and ro-ro terminals at Varna East. In 2007, new plans were disclosed to relocate the container terminal from Varna East to a new larger basin on the northeastern shore of Lake Varna and to redevelop old port Varna East, located in the city centre, into a large marine attractions zone with a new cruise terminal, yacht marina, apartments, hotels, restaurants, museums, exhibitions, shopping, and other tourist facilities. In 2008, plans were disclosed for another deepwater container terminal on the south side of the island for vessels carrying over 2500 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).
After 32 years of design ‘hiatus’, the one-design progression of the class was shattered by the return of development. Andy Wolstenholme’s prototype double-chine design led the charge, showing just how much faster the Punt could be. This was followed by the most numerically popular of the “Progress” designs, coming from the board of the world-renowned dinghy designer, Phil Morrison, whose cold-moulded modern hull proved to be blisteringly fast with a PY rating of 875. Designs from Fabian Bush, David Horne and Stephen Jones broadened the spectrum and appeal of the class, with hull lengths from and diverse construction materials – sheet ply, clinker planks, cold moulded wood, fibreglass, carbon and Kevlar – can be found in the development fleet. As with the “hard chine” fleet, rig configurations vary, from aluminium to carbon spars, single or twin trapezes and symmetric or asymmetric spinnakers. These “Progress” designs have traveled the length and breadth of the UK to compete in some of the bigger one-off handicap regattas such as the Grafham Grand Prix, the Bloody Mary, etc.
R A Cook and C R Clinker, Early Railways between Abergavenny and Hereford, Railway and Canal Historical Society, Oakham, 1984, , pages 32, 34, 43 and 64Gordon Wood, Railways of Hereford: A Study of the historical development and operation of railways in the city, published by Gordon Wood, Kidderminster, 2003, , pages 11 to 13 The intention of the S&HR; promoters was to form, with other lines, a through route between the manufacturing districts of the north west of England and the mining districts of South Wales and Bristol. Although the broad gauge allies of the Great Western Railway had expressed an interest, the S&HR; was to be a standard gauge line, and the promoters would "on no account permit a breach of gauge between the North and South". There was a clear inclination towards the London and North Western Railway, which at that time was seeking access to the South Wales industrial area.Herbert Rake, The Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway, in the Railway Magazine, January 1908 It would be in length.
Concrete is, after all, a macro-material strongly influenced by its nano-properties and understanding it at this new level is yielding new avenues for improvement of strength, durability and monitoring as outlined in the following paragraphs Silica (SiO2) is present in conventional concrete as part of the normal mix. However, one of the advancements made by the study of concrete at the nanoscale is that particle packing in concrete can be improved by using nano- silica which leads to a densifying of the micro and nanostructure resulting in improved mechanical properties. Nano-silica addition to cement based materials can also control the degradation of the fundamental C-S-H (calcium- silicatehydrate) reaction of concrete caused by calcium leaching in water as well as block water penetration and therefore lead to improvements in durability. Related to improved particle packing, high energy milling of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) clinker and standard sand, produces a greater particle size diminution with respect to conventional OPC and, as a result, the compressive strength of the refined material is also 3 to 6 times higher (at different ages).
As at 14 May 2014, Lyons House, built 1967, was of state significance for its aesthetic values as an excellent and intact example of Modern Movement architectural design by the eminent Australian architect, author and critic, Robin Boyd, principal of the Melbourne-based firm Romberg & Boyd. The innovative response to the site's constraints in designing an airborne swimming pool as the structural centre of the house, the cantilevered living areas arranged around the pool and sufficiently elevated to access fine water views, the use of traditional materials such as timber and clinker brick, internally and externally in combination with industrial materials such as post-tensioned concrete, the use of Japanese-inspired internal partitions, the visual expression of structural elements and the valorisation of the natural landscape setting are all important components of the design. The significance of the house is further heightened by the design contributions of Marion Hall Best (interiors) and Bruce Mackenzie (landscaping). The house is the only known intact example of Boyd's architectural design work in NSW.
The reconstructed remains of the Hjortspring boat at the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen Sketch with correct scaling and angles of the Danish 'Hjortspring boat' from 400–300 BC, built more than 1,000 years before the first Viking ships appeared in Scandinavia Petroglyphs of boats from the Nordic Bronze Age in Scandinavia The Hjortspring boat () is a vessel designed as a large canoe, from the Scandinavian Pre-Roman Iron Age. It was built circa 400–300 BCE. The hull and remains were rediscovered and excavated in 1921–1922 from the bog of Hjortspring Mose on the island of Als in Sønderjylland, southern Denmark.. The boat is the oldest find of a wooden plank ship in Scandinavia and it closely resembles the thousands of petroglyph images of Nordic Bronze Age ships found throughout Scandinavia.. The vessel is a clinker-built wooden boat of more than 19 metres (62 feet) length overall, 13.6 metres (45 feet) long inside, and 2 metres (6.5 feet) wide. Ten thwarts that could have served as seats, span the boat with room for two persons each; this suggests space for a crew of at least 20 who propelled the boat with paddles.
The marshalling yard was opened with 26 sorting tracks on 1 July 1906. This was increased to 31 tracks after the extension of the subordinate group at signal box D. The entry group at the western end of the marshalling yard is located on the Leipzig Freight Ring with double-track connections to the south and the north. For trains arriving from Dresden, which terminate at the eastern hump (Ostberg), there is a haulage track to connect with the entry group of the western hump (Westberg). Western hump entry group from the top of the ramp, left signal box 2 14 mechanical signal boxes were built for the operation of the freight yard, mainly of the Bruchsal G design. Over the years, signal boxes B and D were abolished during the replacement of sets of points and in 1974 signal boxes 5, 7, 8 (old), 10 and 11 were replaced during the commissioning of the new central signal box B8. Signal box 4 was destroyed in an air raid during the Second World War and reconstructed in 1947 in a different style with yellow clinker brickwork and a lever frame of the Jüdel design from old spare parts.
Nassington railway station is a former railway station in Nassington, Northamptonshire. It was owned by the London and North Western Railway but from 1883 to 1916 was also served by trains of the Great Northern Railway.British Railways Pre-Grouping Atlas and Gazetteer. It opened for passengers along with Wakerley and Barrowden railway station and King's Cliffe railway station on 1 November 1879, on a new section of line constructed from Wansford Line Junction at Seaton to Yarwell Junction at Wansford.Leleux R. (1984) – A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain – Volume 9 – The East Midlands; 2nd Edition Trowbridge : Book Club Associates p. 108.Quick M.E. (2003) – Railway Passenger Stations in England, Scotland and Wales – A Chronology 2nd Edition Richmond : Railway and Canal Historical Society; p. 216. Nassington station closed to passengers on 1 July 1957, (at the same time as Wansford railway station and Castor railway station,the next two stations east towards Peterborough), and to goods on 3 August 1957.Clinker C.R. (1988) – Clinker’s Register of Closed Passenger Stations and Goods Depots in England, Scotland and Wales, 1830 – 1980 2nd Edition Chippenham : Avon-AnliA ; p. 99.
48-9 The Bath Corporation official bathing dress code of 1737 also prescribed, for women: :No Female person shall at any time hereafter go into a Bath or Baths within this City by day or by night without a decent Shift on their bodies. The Expedition of Humphry Clinker, published in 1771, contained a description of ladies’ bathing costume which is different from that of Celia Fiennes a hundred years earlier: :The ladies wear jackets and petticoats of brown linen, with chip hats, in which they fix their handkerchiefs to wipe the sweat from their faces; but, truly, whether it is owing to the steam that surrounds them, or the heat of the water, or the nature of the dress, or to all these causes together, they look so flushed, and so frightful, that I always turn my eyes another way. Penelope Byrde points out that Smollett’s description may not be accurate, for he describes a two-piece costume, not the one piece shift or smock that most people describe and is depicted in contemporary prints. His description does, however, tally with Elizabeth Grant’s description of the guide’s costume at Ramsgate in 1811.
Spin Off: Contemporary Art Circling the Mandala, at 80 Spadina Ave. (September 22 to December 4, 2011) featured Aya Ben Ron (Israel), Mircea Cantor (France/Romania), Vandana Jain (USA), Gary James Joynes/Clinker (Canada), Melissa Shiff (Canada) and Jennifer Zackin (USA) and was guest curated by Evelyn Tauben. Museum of the Represented City, the first a solo exhibition at a public gallery by Toronto artist Flavio Trevisan was also off-site at 80 Spadina (January 19 to April 8, 2012). The exhibition featured three- dimensional maps representing Toronto neighborhoods and cityscapes and received press coverage with reviews the National Post, blogTO,Derek Flack, "Mapping the unmappable history of Toronto", blogTO, 30 Jan 2012 and Torontoist,.Corbin Smith, "Navigating Toronto", Torontoist, 08 Mar 2012 The Koffler Gallery presented the first Canadian survey of the works of internationally acclaimed Israeli photographer Adi Nes, off-site at Olga Korper Gallery (May 3 to June 2, 2012). A Featured Exhibition in the 2012 Scotiabank CONTACT Photography Festival, it included Nes’ most prominent photographs from the Soldiers (1994-2000), Boys (2000) and Biblical Stories (2003-2006) series, including Untitled (The Last Supper) (1999).
John Lucasbbc.co.uk 'your paintings', Painted, 1852, held at National Railway Museum, York. Acquired from redundant material from the nationalised railway, 1952 John Ellis took possession of Belgrave Hall in 1847, when he was 58, with a wife and seven daughters. By the time he moved from Beaumont Leys to the Hall, he was one of Leicester's most prominent figures. In 1828 he had met George Stephenson, who having completed the Stockton and Darlington Railway was working on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Ellis was a key figure in getting the Stephensons to take on the building of a line from Leicester to the Swannington coalfields, which was completed in 1833.Clinker, C.R. (1977) The Leicester & Swannington Railway Bristol: Avon Anglia Publications & Services. Reprinted from the Transactions of the Leicestershire Archaeological Society Volume XXX, 1954. He was a Quaker and reformer, and in 1836 Ellis had become a Town Councillor. In 1840 he had attended the World's Anti-Slavery Convention.Ellis of Leicester: A Quaker Family's Vocation By 1845 as a director of the Midland Railway, he had overseen the merger with the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway. Having moved to his elegant 140-year-old house, he continued both his railway and public life roles.
Strathpeffer station from 1870On 5 July 1865 the Dingwall and Skye Railway was authorised by Act of Parliament; it was an ambitious scheme to build westwards from Dingwall on the Inverness and Ross-shire Railway to Kyle of Lochalsh on the west coast opposite the Isle of Skye. The part of the route at the eastern end was planned to follow relatively easy terrain, passing through Strathpeffer to Contin, then turning north through the valley of the Black Water to pass Loch Garve.H A Vallance, C R Clinker, Anthony J Lambert, The Highland Railway, David and Charles, Newton Abbot, 1985, Sir William MacKenzie of Coul House had opposed the railway on the grounds of loss of privacy at his residence, but Parliament had not upheld his objections. He was implacably opposed to the construction of the railway nearby, and demanded that the line should be built in tunnel throughout the crossing of his lands, an arrangement that the promoters of the line thought impracticable and unaffordable. MacKenzie continued his opposition in such a way that construction could not proceed, and at length the Dingwall and Skye company obtained a second Act, on 5 July 1865,Date from Ross; Vallance et al say 29 May 1868.

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