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89 Sentences With "be precipitated"

How to use be precipitated in a sentence? Find typical usage patterns (collocations)/phrases/context for "be precipitated" and check conjugation/comparative form for "be precipitated". Mastering all the usages of "be precipitated" from sentence examples published by news publications.

An end to the coalition could yet be precipitated by regional elections in three eastern states in the autumn.
An end to the ruling coalition could yet be precipitated by regional elections in three eastern states in the autumn.
His downfall will instead be precipitated by a shadowy cabal of partisan Democrats, bent on overthrowing him—and American democracy, by proxy—through corrupt and illegitimate means.
They added the caveat that an earlier stumble could be precipitated if the collapse of the U.S. administration's healthcare bill had a ripple effect on the wider economy.
Many in the SPD want an end to their loveless alliance with Merkel's conservative bloc, which could yet be precipitated by regional elections in three eastern states in the autumn.
A stock market fall could also be precipitated by GDP estimates catching up with earnings-per-share, or a U.S. tax reform announcement which would then focus investors' attention solely on monetary tightening, they said.
Instead of thinking of such preposterous concepts as a post-PC world — which will only be precipitated by some apocalyptic event that wipes out all human progress and technology — we simply have to make ourselves comfortable with the notion that larger computers are returning to being a niche category.
Many heavy metal ions can be precipitated out of aqueous solution as insoluble silicates by the addition of a ten per cent aqueous solution of sodium metasilicate.
At this time all rocks, including basalt, and crystalline substances were thought by some to be precipitated from solution.Navigational Aids for the History of Science, Technology & the Environment , Records of the Wernerian Natural History Society, UK.
Ferric citrate can be prepared by adding a stoichiometric amount of iron(III) sulfate tetrahydrate to a solution of citric acid and sodium hydroxide at pH 3.0. The complex can be precipitated by adding ethanol to the solution.
Tricalcium phosphate is produced commercially by treating hydroxyapatite with phosphoric acid and slaked lime. It cannot be precipitated directly from aqueous solution. Typically double decomposition reactions are employed, involving a soluble phosphate and calcium salts, e.g. (NH4)2HPO4 \+ Ca(NO3)2.
The salt can be precipitated from a solution of sodium hyponitrite in water by the addition of silver nitrate: : + 2 → + 2 Excess silver nitrate yields a brown or black precipitate. Silver hyponitrite can be prepared also by reducing silver nitrate with sodium amalgam.
The bismuth phosphate would then be precipitated as a by product, leaving the plutonium behind in solution. This step was then repeated in the third step. The plutonium was reduced again by adding ferrous ammonium sulfate. Bismuth nitrate and phosphoric acid were added and bismuth phosphate precipitated.
Semple, K. T., Morris, A. W. J., & Paton, G. I. 2003. Bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils: fundamental concepts and techniques for analysis. European journal of soil science, 54(4), 809-818. Ionic compounds, such as heavy metals, can be precipitated into the solid phase.
Strong acids dissolve gallium, forming gallium(III) salts such as (gallium sulfate) and (gallium nitrate). Aqueous solutions of gallium(III) salts contain the hydrated gallium ion, . Gallium(III) hydroxide, , may be precipitated from gallium(III) solutions by adding ammonia. Dehydrating at 100 °C produces gallium oxide hydroxide, GaO(OH).
Calcium in a blood sample should be estimated when required medically. Calcium should be precipitated out of 0.1 mL of the blood sample serum as calcium oxalate. After that, the decomposition of the calcium oxalate should occur by heat. Then, the sample should be estimated colorimetrically by o-cresolphthalein complexone.
As2S3 forms when aqueous solutions containing As(III) are treated with H2S. Arsenic was in the past analyzed and assayed by this reaction, which results in the precipitation of As2S3, which is then weighed. As2S3 can even be precipitated in 6M HCl. As2S3 is so insoluble that it is not toxic.
Einsteinium(III) iodide glowing in the dark Einsteinium halides are known for the oxidation states +2 and +3.Holleman, p. 1969 The most stable state is +3 for all halides from fluoride to iodide. Einsteinium(III) fluoride (EsF3) can be precipitated from einsteinium(III) chloride solutions upon reaction with fluoride ions.
Stokes–Adams attacks can be precipitated by this condition. These involve a temporary loss of consciousness resulting from marked slowing of the heart when the atrial impulse is no longer conducted to the ventricles. This should not be confused with the catastrophic loss of heartbeat seen with ventricular fibrillation or asystole.
Spodumene or mica crystals can be precipitated. Fluorides of aluminium, calcium, barium, and magnesium can be used with suitable heat treatment. Tin oxide can be used, but zirconia and titania give better results; for titania, the appropriate resulting particle size is between submicron to 20 µm. Another desirable opacifier is zinc oxide.
Werner's model accounted for the inner sphere ligands being less reactive. In [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2, two chloride ions are outer sphere (counter ions) and one is bound to the Co(III) center: reaction with excess silver nitrate would immediately precipitate the two chloride counter ions, but the bound chloride ion would not be precipitated.
According to him lithium aluminate may also be precipitated by the addition of a solution of lithium hydroxide to a solution of aluminum salt or by adding a solution of lithium salt to a solution of an alkali aluminate. Thus there was disagreement between Allen/Rogers and Prociv as to the composition of lithium aluminate.
In the presence of liquid HF, dark green crystals can be precipitated from the green solution at −30 °C: : (apf) \+ 4 (apf) → (s) \+ 3 (apf) X-ray crystallography indicates that the Xe–Xe bond length in this compound is 309 pm, indicating a very weak bond. The ion is isoelectronic with the ion, which is also dark green.
Regime change can be precipitated by revolution or a coup d'état. The Russian Revolution, the 1962 Burmese coup, the 1953 Jammu and Kashmir coup, the Iranian Revolution and the 1990 dissolution of the Eastern Bloc are consummate examples. Examples of internally driven regime change are the establishment of the French Fifth Republic (1958) and the Federation of Australia.
In my hand I carried a long glass wand. It was borne in upon me that with the tip of this wand I must touch each star in passing. And I knew, in all absoluteness, that did I but miss one star I should be precipitated into some unplummeted abyss of unthinkable and eternal punishment and guilt.
Although the exact cause of this condition is not known, it is an inflammatory disorder characterised by collagen degeneration, combined with a granulomatous response. It always involves the dermis diffusely, and sometimes also involves the deeper fat layer. Commonly, dermal blood vessels are thickened (microangiopathy). It can be precipitated by local trauma, though it often occurs without any injury.
They have an affinity for organic and inorganic pollutants, which has led to an interest in using them as sorbents for the treatment of effluents and polluted water. Hydrous iron oxides include ferrihydrite, akaganéite, feroxyhyte, goethite, lepidocrocite and limonite. They may also be precipitated in highly porous poorly crystaline or amorphous forms and therefore be good adsorbents used eg in water treatment.
Getting someone to confess to a crime during an interrogation – whether innocent or guilty – means the suspect has been broken. The key to breaking points in interrogation has been linked to changes in the victim's concept of selfG. H. Gudjonsson, The Psychology of Interrogation and Confession (2003) p. 192 – changes which may be precipitated by a sense of helplessness,D.
Hydrothermal vein ore deposits consist of discrete veins or groups of closely spaced veins. Veins are believed to be precipitated by hydrothermal solutions travelling along discontinuities in a rockmass. They are commonly epithermal in origin, that is to say they form at relatively high crustal levels and moderate to low temperatures. They are epigenetic since they form after their host rocks.
Interpersonal conflict among people at work has been shown to be one of the most frequently noted stressors for employees. Conflict can be precipitated by workplace harassment. Workplace conflict is also associated with other stressors, such as role conflict, role ambiguity, and heavy workload. Conflict has also been linked to strains such as anxiety, depression, physical symptoms, and low levels of job satisfaction.
That international signalled the arrival in Scotland of the team that represented the Nazi regime in Germany and there was concern that the game would be precipitated by demonstrations. Nattrass' performance in the 1936 FA Cup Final between Sheffield United and Arsenal at Wembley went without comment. The match was won by the latter, courtesy of a Ted Drake goal.FA Cup Final 1936: ChrisHobbs personal website.
The cliffs > were of soft stone of volcanic origin, in the nature of pumice and were > honeycombed with caves. Tons of rocks were suspended in platforms held in > position by vines and cables (known as bejuco) in readiness to be > precipitated upon people below. After driving the insurgents from their > position which was almost impregnable, being covered with numerous trails > lined with poisoned spears, pits, etc., Col.
It is soluble in nitric and acetic acids, from which solutions it is possible to precipitate halide, sulfate, chromate, carbonate (PbCO3), and basic carbonate ( salts of lead. The sulfide can also be precipitated from acetate solutions. These salts are all poorly soluble in water. Among the halides, the iodide is less soluble than the bromide, which, in turn, is less soluble than the chloride.
As lime in the form of limewater is added to raw water, the pH is raised and the equilibrium of carbonate species in the water is shifted. Dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) is changed into bicarbonate (HCO) and then carbonate (CO). This action causes calcium carbonate to precipitate due to exceeding the solubility product. Additionally, magnesium can be precipitated as magnesium hydroxide in a double displacement reaction.
The movements are always present but extreme episodes may be precipitated by stress, concentration or emotion and commence in early childhood. The condition is extremely rare and in a study in 1999 only 23 families in the world were known to be affected, although it may be under- reported. Inheritance is aggressively autosomal dominant. In at least two studies the condition appeared spontaneously in the families.
Other causes or associations of disease are: a compromised immune system, environmental toxins, radiation exposure, diet and other lifestyle choices, stress, and genetics. Diseases may also be multifactorial, requiring multiple factors to induce disease. For example: in a murine model, Crohn's disease can be precipitated by a norovirus, but only when both a specific gene variant is present and a certain toxin has damaged the gut.
A prophecy claims that the return of Satan will be precipitated by the arrival of eighteen physically perfect beings. To make the prophecy come true a secret sect of monks join an obsessed geneticist to artificially create the perfect specimens. Hugh Stanton and his daughter Lucy have lost his wife and her mother. This after having had a brief meeting with a mysterious Etruscan man.
Evidence suggests that brain inflammation may explain a part of this hypoperfusion. Neuroinflammation in ASD may be precipitated or aggravated by environmental pollutants, such as lead, mercurials and some pesticides including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organophosphates.Bjørklund, G., Skalny, A. V., Rahman, M. M., Dadar, M., Yassa, H. A., Aaseth, J., ... & Tinkov, A. A. (2018). Toxic metal (loid)-based pollutants and their possible role in autism spectrum disorder.
The perrhenate ion is the anion with the formula , or a compound containing this ion. The perrhenate anion is tetrahedral, being similar in size and shape to perchlorate and the valence isoelectronic permanganate. The perrhenate anion is stable over a broad pH range and can be precipitated from solutions with the use of organic cations. At normal pH, perrhenate exists as metaperrhenate (), but at high pH mesoperrhenate () forms.
If a benign cause for these concerning symptoms cannot be found at the initial visit, then ambulatory monitoring or prolonged heart monitoring in the hospital might be warranted. Noncardiac symptoms should also be elicited since the palpitations may be caused by a normal heart responding to a metabolic or inflammatory condition. Weight loss suggests hyperthyroidism. Palpitation can be precipitated by vomiting or diarrhea that leads to electrolyte disorders and hypovolemia.
Erotomania may present as a primary mental disorder, or as a symptom of another psychiatric illness. With secondary erotomania, the erotomanic delusions are due to other mental disorders such as bipolar I disorder or schizophrenia. Symptoms may also be precipitated by alcoholism and the use of antidepressants. There may be a potential genetic component involved as family histories of first degree relatives with histories of psychiatric disorders are common.
More potassium sulfate can be precipitated by adding ethylene glycol. Fluorosilicic acid in water reacts with leonite to produce insoluble potassium fluorosilicate and a solution of magnesium sulfate and sulfuric acid: :H2SiF6(aq) + K2Mg(SO4)2·4H2O(s) → K2SiF6(s) + MgSO4(aq) + H2SO4(aq). Between 15 and 30 °C, a 22% magnesium chloride solution will react with leonite or picromerite to yield solid potassium chloride and hydrated magnesium sulfate.
Each, in which form it is known as "bullion". The gold which is not trapped by the blankets is either very fine or is associated with other minerals, such as iron sulphide. The powdered ore containing this gold is agitated in a weak solution of sodium cyanide which dissolves the major portion of gold. The cyanide solution containing the dissolved gold is then passed over zinc, which causes the gold to be precipitated.
However, these transfers or burdens are not delivered equally. On the contrary, they often fall on the shoulders of this or that particular person, who then becomes ill. Here, Siirala maintains, the mentally or physically ill one - the Identified patient - gets ill for his society. In Siirala's view, then, 'many symptoms of schizophrenia may be precipitated by...the people around him, in an attempt to overcome tendencies in him which disturb their view of reality.
Concentrated gold(III) chloride solution On contact with water, forms acidic hydrates and the conjugate base . It may be reduced by causing elemental gold to be precipitated from solution. Anhydrous AuCl3 begins to decompose to AuCl at around 160 °C; however, this in turn undergoes disproportionation at higher temperatures to give gold metal and AuCl3. :AuCl3 → AuCl + Cl2 (>160 °C) :3 AuCl → AuCl3 \+ 2 Au (>420 °C) AuCl3 is Lewis acidic and readily forms complexes.
Adhesion of cells on a surface coated with a thermoresponsive polymer. Displayed is a polymer with LCST Thermoresponsive polymers can be functionalized with moieties that bind to specific biomolecules. The polymer-biomolecule conjugate can be precipitated from solution by a small change of temperature.Jing Ping Chen, Allan S. Hoffman, Polymer-Protein Conjugates II. Affinity precipitation separation of human immunogammaglobulin by a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-protein A conjugate, Biomaterials, 1990, Volume 11, pp 631-634.
With the exception of lutetium hydroxide, which has a cubic structure, they have the hexagonal UCl3 structure. The hydroxides can be precipitated from solutions of LnIII. They can also be formed by the reaction of the sesquioxide, Ln2O3, with water, but although this reaction is thermodynamically favorable it is kinetically slow for the heavier members of the series. Fajans' rules indicate that the smaller Ln3+ ions will be more polarizing and their salts correspondingly less ionic.
Toxic materials including many organic materials, metals (such as zinc, silver, cadmium, thallium, etc.) acids, alkalis, non-metallic elements (such as arsenic or selenium) are generally resistant to biological processes unless very dilute. Metals can often be precipitated out by changing the pH or by treatment with other chemicals. Many, however, are resistant to treatment or mitigation and may require concentration followed by landfilling or recycling. Dissolved organics can be incinerated within the wastewater by the advanced oxidation process.
The bismuth phosphate process was devised by Stanley G. Thompson at the University of California. Plutonium had two oxidation states; a tetravalent (+4) state, and hexavalent (+6) state, with different chemical properties. Bismuth phosphate () was similar in its crystalline structure to plutonium phosphate, and plutonium would be carried with bismuth phosphate in a solution while other elements, including uranium, would be precipitated. The plutonium could be switched from being in solution to being precipitated by toggling its oxidation state.
Europium(II) reacts in a way similar to that of alkaline earth metals and therefore it can be precipitated as a carbonate or co- precipitated with barium sulfate. Europium metal is available through the electrolysis of a mixture of molten EuCl3 and NaCl (or CaCl2) in a graphite cell, which serves as cathode, using graphite as anode. The other product is chlorine gas. A few large deposits produce or produced a significant amount of the world production.
Nitric oxide is produced during thunderstorms due to the extreme heating and cooling within a lightning strike. This causes stable molecules such as N2 and O2 to convert into significant amounts of NO similar to the process that occurs during high temperature fuel combustion. NOx from lightning can become oxidized to produce nitric acid (HNO3), this can be precipitated out as acid rain or deposited onto particles in the air. Elevated production of NOx from lightning depends on the season and geographic location.
At the civic reception in the Sydney Millions Club on the day of arrival, 17 September 1926, Broad said "A country like Australia is capable of absorbing a great number of people and the problem must be precipitated in a proper spirit of understanding". He was made a justice of the peace in 1933. Broad announced in 1944 that he did not intend to stand as a parliamentary candidate again, saying, "The world is rather cluttered up with older men".
During attacks in infants, the child often looks startled or terrified and can scream inconsolably. These attacks can be precipitated by injections, defecation, wiping of the perineum, eating, or the consumption of oral medication. When attacks occur due to such precipitation, pain and flushing are often present in the area of attack precipitation, though symptoms may also be diffuse in nature. Other symptoms may include hypersalivation when attacks are localized in the mandibular region, or leg weakness after foot trauma.
Authigenic clays tend to reduce the porosity of sediments, thus reducing permeability. In metamorphic petrology an authigenic mineral is one formed in situ during metamorphism, again by precipitation from fluids or recrystallization. For any mineral to be precipitated, the water must be oversaturated with respect to that mineral. For calcite, this means that the area of deposition must be above the carbonate compensation depth, or that the pore waters are sufficiently saturated due to dissolution of other grains that precipitation can begin.
The Cohn process, developed by Edwin J. Cohn, is a series of purification steps with the purpose of extracting albumin from blood plasma. The process is based on the differential solubility of albumin and other plasma proteins based on pH, ethanol concentration, temperature, ionic strength, and protein concentration. Albumin has the highest solubility and lowest isoelectric point of all the major plasma proteins. This makes it the final product to be precipitated, or separated from its solution in a solid form.
Trichorrhexis may have a genetic basis but appears to be precipitated by environmental factors. Among Caucasians the defect often appears at the ends of the hair shaft with splitting of the ends, thinning and whitish discoloration. These conditions are directly related to environmental causes such as "perming", blow drying, aggressive hair brushing, and excessive chemical exposure. In some cases, trichorrhexis nodosa may be caused by an underlying disorder such as argininosuccinic aciduria, Menkes' kinky hair syndrome, Netherton's syndrome, hypothyroidism, or trichothiodystrophy.
Even with immediate treatment, some patients may not recover complete function. Cauda equina syndrome most commonly results from a massive disc herniation in the lumbar region. A disc herniation occurs when one of the soft flexible discs that functions as an elastic shock absorber between the bones of the spinal column displaces from its normal position. The herniation occurs after the disc begins to break down with aging and can be precipitated by stress or a mechanical problem in the spine.
Purpurin is a crystalline solid, that forms orange needles melting at ,CRC Handbook of Chemistry & Physics, 90th Ed. but becomes red when dissolved in ethanol, and yellow when dissolved with alkalis in boiling water. It is insoluble in hexane but soluble in chloroform, and can be obtained from chloroform as reddish needles. Unlike alizarin, purpurin is dissolved by boiling in a solution of aluminum sulfate, from which it can be precipitated by acid. This procedure can be used to separate the two dyes.
Magnesium sulfate was historically used as a treatment for lead poisoning prior to the development of chelation therapy, as it was hoped that any lead ingested would be precipitated out by the magnesium sulfate and subsequently purged from the digestive system. This application saw particularly widespread use among veterinarians during the early-to-mid 20th century; Epsom salt was already available on many farms for agricultural use, and it was often prescribed in the treatment of farm animals which inadvertently ingested lead.
The oxides and hydroxides of yttrium are yttrium oxide (Y2O3) and yttrium hydroxide (Y(OH)3), respectively, and they are both white solids which are hardly soluble in water. Among them, yttrium oxide can be prepared by heating yttrium carbonate or yttrium oxalate. Alternatively the oxychloride, Y3O4Cl can be heated in air to yield the oxide. Yttrium hydroxide can be precipitated by the reaction of soluble yttrium compounds with sodium hydroxide or ammonia, and can also be obtained by the hydrolysis of yttrium alkoxide.
Solid-state reactions require even higher temperatures. Bastnäsite along with lukechangite (and petersenite) can be precipitated from a mixed solution of CeCl3, NaF, and NaOH with carbon dioxide. Another way to make the simple rare-earth fluorocarbonates is to precipitate a rare-earth carbonate from a nitrate solution with ammonium bicarbonate and then add fluoride ions with hydrofluoric acid (HF). Pb2(CO3)F2 can be made by boiling a water solution of lead nitrate, sodium fluoride and potassium carbonate in a 2:2:1 molar ratio.
In order to isolate noble-metalliferous materials, pyrolysis and/or hydrolysis procedures are used. In pyrolysis, the noble-metalliferous products are released from the other materials by solidifying in a melt to become cinder and then poured off or oxidized. In hydrolysis, the noble-metalliferous products are dissolved either in aqua regia (consisting of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid) or in hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas in solution. Subsequently, certain metals can be precipitated or reduced directly with a salt, gas, organic, and/or nitro hydrate connection.
Due to the presence of intrinsic microporosity these polymers have high-free volume, high internal surface area, and have a high affinity for gases. A novel property of PIMs is that they do not possess a network structure and are often freely soluble in organic solvents. This allows PIMs to be precipitated or cast from solution to give microporous powders or self-standing films that are useful for a variety of applications. For example the first commercial application of PIMs was in a sensor developed by 3M.
Old age is often accompanied by muscular and neurological loss of muscle tone of the upper airway. Decreased muscle tone is also temporarily caused by chemical depressants; alcoholic drinks and sedative medications being the most common. The permanent premature muscular tonal loss in the upper airway may be precipitated by traumatic brain injury, neuromuscular disorders, or poor adherence to chemical and or speech therapy treatments. Individuals with decreased muscle tone and increased soft tissue around the airway, and structural features that give rise to a narrowed airway are at high risk for OSA.
Insoluble ionic compounds can be precipitated by mixing two solutions, one with the cation and one with the anion in it. Because all solutions are electrically neutral, the two solutions mixed must also contain counterions of the opposite charges. To ensure that these do not contaminate the precipitated ionic compound, it is important to ensure they do not also precipitate. If the two solutions have hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions as the counterions, they will react with one another in what is called an acid–base reaction or a neutralization reaction to form water.
The description of the chest discomfort as a pressure has little utility in aiding a diagnosis as it is not specific for ACS. Though ACS is usually associated with coronary thrombosis, it can also be associated with cocaine use. Chest pain with features characteristic of cardiac origin (angina) can also be precipitated by profound anemia, brady- or tachycardia (excessively slow or rapid heart rate), low or high blood pressure, severe aortic valve stenosis (narrowing of the valve at the beginning of the aorta), pulmonary artery hypertension and a number of other conditions.
Sodium trisoxalatoferrate crystals Sodium ferrioxalate can be obtained by mixing solutions of sodium oxalate and ferric oxalate, and waiting a few hours for the brown colour of the ferric oxalate to be replaced with the green colour of the complex anion. : 3 \+ → 2 The equilibrium is attained only slowly at room temperature. The product can then be crystallized by evaporating the solution at just below boiling until small crystals appear, then allowing it to cool. The product may also be precipitated by adding methanol or ethanol to the solution.
At the end of the synthesis, the crude peptide is cleaved from the solid support while simultaneously removing all protecting groups using a reagent strong acids like trifluoroacetic acid or a nucleophile. The crude peptide can be precipitated from a non-polar solvent like diethyl ether in order to remove organic soluble by products. The crude peptide can be purified using reversed-phase HPLC. The purification process, especially of longer peptides can be challenging, because small amounts of several byproducts, which are very similar to the product, have to be removed.
The CIPW Norm was developed in the early 1900s by the petrologists Cross, Iddings, Pirsson and the geochemist Washington. The CIPW normative mineralogy calculation is based on the typical minerals that may be precipitated from an anhydrous melt at low pressure, and simplifies the typical igneous geochemistry seen in nature with the following four constraints: # The magma crystallizes under anhydrous conditions so that no hydrous minerals (hornblende, biotite) are formed. # The ferromagnesian minerals are assumed to be free of Al2O3. # The Fe/Mg ratio for all ferromagnesian minerals is assumed to be the same.
Although most societies afford a sense of virtue and respect to parents, in some societies such deference goes beyond the average and offspring are required by law to be heedful to their parents and be dutiful to their commands and instructions. Such a moral obligation is not necessarily static and may even be suspended during a spontaneous current event. This may be precipitated by any event that shines a negative light on parents, fosterers or guardians, such as a viral incident of physical abuse, psychological abuse, human rights abuse or sexual abuse.
Myopathies in systemic disease results from several different disease processes including endocrine, inflammatory, paraneoplastic, infectious, drug- and toxin-induced, critical illness myopathy, metabolic, collagen related, and myopathies with other systemic disorders. Patients with systemic myopathies often present acutely or sub acutely. On the other hand, familial myopathies or dystrophies generally present in a chronic fashion with exceptions of metabolic myopathies where symptoms on occasion can be precipitated acutely. Most of the inflammatory myopathies can have a chance association with malignant lesion; the incidence appears to be specifically increased only in patients with dermatomyositis.
Microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a bio- geochemical process that induces calcium carbonate precipitation within the soil matrix. Biomineralization in the form of calcium carbonate precipitation can be traced back to the Precambrian period. Calcium carbonate can be precipitated in three polymorphic forms, which in the order of their usual stabilities are calcite, aragonite and vaterite. The main groups of microorganisms that can induce the carbonate precipitation are photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae; sulfate-reducing bacteria; and some species of microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle.
Impingement syndrome was reported in 1852. Impingement of the shoulder was previously thought to be precipitated by shoulder abduction and surgical intervention focused on lateral or total acromionectomy. In 1972, Charles Neer proposed that impingement was due to the anterior third of the acromion and the coracoacromial ligament and suggested surgery should be focused on these areas. The role of anteriorinferior aspect of the acromion in impingement syndrome and excision of parts of the anteriorinferior acromion has become a pivotal part of the surgical treatment of the syndrome.
Magnesium sulfate was historically used as a treatment for lead poisoning. Prior to the development of chelation therapy, cases of accidental lead ingestion were often immediately treated with magnesium sulfate, which would cause the lead to be precipitated out and, with a high enough dose, literally purged from the digestive system. In this application, magnesium sulfate saw particular use in veterinary medicine of the early-to-mid 20th century; Epsom salt was already available on many farms for agricultural purposes, and it was often prescribed in the treatment of farm animals which inadvertently ingested lead.
The application of phosphate coatings makes use of phosphoric acid and takes advantage of the low solubility of phosphates in medium or high pH solutions. Iron, zinc or manganese phosphate salts are dissolved in a solution of phosphoric acid. When steel or iron parts are placed in the phosphoric acid, a classic acid and metal reaction takes place which locally depletes the hydronium (H3O+) ions, raising the pH, and causing the dissolved salt to fall out of solution and be precipitated on the surface. The acid and metal reaction also creates iron phosphate locally which may also be deposited.
As iron-bearing minerals are brought to the zone of oxidation within the soil, the iron turns from iron(II) to iron(III), while the original shape of the parent mineral is retained. Examples of common goethite pseudomorphs are: goethites after pyrite, goethite, siderite, and marcasite, though any iron(II)-bearing mineral could become a goethite pseudomorph if proper conditions are met. It may also be precipitated by groundwater or in other sedimentary conditions, or form as a primary mineral in hydrothermal deposits. Goethite has also been found to be produced by the excretion processes of certain bacteria types.
As different proteins have different compositions of amino acids, different protein molecules precipitate at different concentrations of salt solution. Unwanted proteins can be removed from a protein solution mixture by salting out as long as the solubility of the protein in various concentrations of salt solution is known. After removing the precipitate by filtration or centrifugation, the desired protein can be precipitated by altering the salt concentration to the level at which the desired protein becomes insoluble. One demerit of salting out in purification of proteins is that, in addition to precipitating a specific protein of interest, contaminants are also precipitated as well.
Fraction V is structurally stable because it has seventeen disulfide bonds; it is unique in that it has the highest solubility and lowest isoelectric point of all the major plasma proteins. This makes it the final fraction to be precipitated from its solution. Bovine serum albumin is located in fraction V. The precipitation of albumin is done by reducing the pH to 4.8, which is near the pI of the proteins, and maintaining the ethanol concentration at 40%, with a protein concentration of 1%. Thus, only 1% of the original plasma remains in the fifth fraction.
When MoO3, molybdenum trioxide is dissolved in alkali solution the simple anion is produced. As the pH is reduced the first species to be formed is the heptamolybdate rather than any of the smaller anions: :7 \+ 8 H+ \+ 4 H2O As the pH is decreased the octamolybdate is formed further anions with 8 and probably 16–18 Mo atoms are present: : + 3 H+ \+ 2 H2O A further decrease leads to anions with probably 16–18 Mo atoms. However careful manipulation of the pH and temperature coupled with very long precipitation times can cause compounds with ions that do not appear to be in solution to be precipitated.
The balanced scorecard indirectly also provides a useful insight into an organisation's strategy – by requiring general strategic statements (e.g. mission, vision) to be precipitated into more specific/tangible forms. The first versions of Kaplan and Norton's interpretation of the balanced scorecard asserted that relevance should derive from the corporate strategy, and proposed design methods that focused on choosing measures and targets associated with the main activities required to implement the strategy. As the initial audience for this were the readers of the Harvard Business Review, the proposal was translated into a form that made sense to a typical reader of that journal – managers of US commercial businesses.
The attack of the Marines was a complete surprise, and the enemy was routed. After driving the insurgents from their positions the Marines crossed the river and assaulted the cliff defenses. In order to reach the enemy's position, the Marines had to climb the cliffs, which rose sheer from the river to the height of about 200 feet and were honeycombed with caves, to which access was had by means of bamboo ladders, and also by narrow ledges with bamboo hand rails. Tons of rocks were suspended in cages held in position by vine cables (known as bejuco), in readiness to be precipitated upon people and boats below.
Tons of rocks were suspended in platforms held in position by vine > cables (known as bejuco) in readiness to be precipitated upon people below. > After driving the insurgents from their position which was almost > impregnable, being covered with numerous trails lined with poisoned spears, > pits, etc., he led his men across the river, scaled the cliffs on the > opposite side, and destroyed the camps there. He and the men under his > command overcame incredible difficulties and dangers in destroying positions > which according to reports from old prisoners, had taken three years to > perfect, were held as a final rallying point, and were never before > penetrated by white troops.
Some Precambrian (Ediacaran) organisms produced tough but non-mineralized outer shells, while others, such as Cloudina, had a calcified exoskeleton, but mineralized skeletons did not become common until the beginning of the Cambrian period, with the rise of the "small shelly fauna". Just after the base of the Cambrian, these miniature fossils become diverse and abundant – this abruptness may be an illusion, since the chemical conditions which preserved the small shellies appeared at the same time. Most other shell-forming organisms appear during the Cambrian period, with the Bryozoans being the only calcifying phylum to appear later, in the Ordovician. The sudden appearance of shells has been linked to a change in ocean chemistry which made the calcium compounds of which the shells are constructed stable enough to be precipitated into a shell.
The population was unknown and had never been estimated by the Italian state according to the 2013 European assessment report, nor was it counted in the 2020 report. According to the 2011 IUCN assessment, based on the 2009 European assessment report, the species appeared to be threatened by natural succession of the native vegetation, which may be precipitated by stated regional changes in agriculture, such as less livestock production, and lower amounts of grazing. The two other threats are said to be mining, and recreational activities (which is elsewhere also called "vandalism" in the assessment). However, according to the 2013 European assessment report, the main threats were said to be "discontinuous urbanisation" and issues with wildfires, although the report is unclear if there are too many fires or too much fire suppression.
Oxidised copper ore bodies may be treated via several processes, with hydrometallurgical processes used to treat oxide ores dominated by copper carbonate minerals such as azurite and malachite, and other soluble minerals such as silicates like chrysocolla, or sulfates such as atacamite and so on. Such oxide ores are usually leached by sulfuric acid, usually in a heap leaching or dump leaching process to liberate the copper minerals into a solution of sulfuric acid laden with copper sulfate in solution. The copper sulfate solution (the pregnant leach solution) is then stripped of copper via a solvent extraction and electrowinning (SX-EW) plant, with the barred (denuded) sulfuric acid recycled back on to the heaps. Alternatively, the copper can be precipitated out of the pregnant solution by contacting it with scrap iron; a process called cementation.
An Orthodox icon of the Apocalypse of St. John, 16th century. Eastern Orthodoxy treats the text as simultaneously describing contemporaneous events (events occurring at the same time) and as prophecy of events to come, for which the contemporaneous events were a form of foreshadow. It rejects attempts to determine, before the fact, if the events of Revelation are occurring by mapping them onto present-day events, taking to heart the Scriptural warning against those who proclaim "He is here!" prematurely. Instead, the book is seen as a warning to be spiritually and morally ready for the end times, whenever they may come ("as a thief in the night"), but they will come at the time of God's choosing, not something that can be precipitated nor trivially deduced by mortals.
His idea prompted Paul Ehrlich to propose the side-chain theory for antibody and antigen interaction in 1897, when he hypothesized that receptors (described as "side-chains") on the surface of cells could bind specifically to toxins – in a "lock-and-key" interaction – and that this binding reaction is the trigger for the production of antibodies. Other researchers believed that antibodies existed freely in the blood and, in 1904, Almroth Wright suggested that soluble antibodies coated bacteria to label them for phagocytosis and killing; a process that he named opsoninization. Michael Heidelberger In the 1920s, Michael Heidelberger and Oswald Avery observed that antigens could be precipitated by antibodies and went on to show that antibodies are made of protein. The biochemical properties of antigen-antibody-binding interactions were examined in more detail in the late 1930s by John Marrack.
Yttrium halides can be obtained by reacting yttrium oxide, yttrium hydroxide or yttrium carbonate with the corresponding hydrohalic acid solution. For yttrium chloride (YCl3) and yttrium bromide (YBr3), the yttrium halide hydrate can be precipitated by cooling their saturated solution or by passing in the corresponding hydrogen halide. Yttrium halides, like lanthanide metal halides, cannot be obtained by direct heating of the hydrate, otherwise yttrium oxyhalide (YOX) will be formed. Anhydous compounds can be obtained by heating the hydrate in a hydrogen halide stream, or by treating it with ammonium halide and sulfoxide. [10] In addition to forming hydrates (YF3 · 1 / 2H2O, YCl3 · 6H2O, YBr3·6H2O, and YI3·8H2O), yttrium halides can also form complexes with some ligands. Substances, such as [Y (Me 3 PO) 6 ] X 3 or [Y (Me 3 AsO) 6 ] X 3 (X = Cl, Br, I) and the like with phosphine oxides.
EU, contrasting with other parts of the UK, who ultimately carried the overall UK leave vote. In the EU membership referendum held on 23 June 2016, all thirty-two council areas in Scotland voted by a majority for the UK to remain a member of the EU. 62% of Scottish voters voted to remain a member of the EU, with 38% voting to leave. However, 52% of voters across the whole UK voted to leave the European Union, with 48% voting to remain; majorities in England and Wales were in favour of leaving the EU, with majorities in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Gibraltar to remain a member of the EU. Before the referendum, leading figures with a range of opinions regarding Scottish independence suggested that in the event the UK as a whole voted to leave the EU but Scotland as a whole voted to remain, a second independence referendum might be precipitated. Former Labour Scottish First Minister Henry McLeish asserted that he would support Scottish independence under such circumstances.

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