Holden had seen a few seconds of a report discussing how the death count in Western Europe was being done by assaying atmospheric changes.
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Lee Kee Group, a subsidiary of Lee Kee Holdings, also includes a futures brokerage and a consultancy, as well as alloying and assaying arms.
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At the Master Bullion Assaying & Hallmarking Lab in the heart of the gold district, superheated crucibles melt elaborate bangles and earrings into bars a central banker might recognise.
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Louis has spent the last three years explaining the allure of Marine Le Pen — just recently in this publication — while Vance spent the run-up to the 2016 election assaying the appeal of Donald J. Trump.
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A J&J official, who was not identified by name, was reported subsequently in December 2016 in India's Business Standard assaying that the $85 million plant would be operational by 2018 after it had overcome procedural delays.
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On this particular day, Jonathan Tan was assaying a smug Lord Chancellor in Shaw's "Saint Joan" less than two hours after hopping around the stage as a frog in a charming family adaptation of Oscar Wilde's tales for children.
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It said earlier this month that it expected full-year attributable profit of HK$90 million ($11.47 million), more than double the year before, mostly due to an increase in zinc prices and higher revenue from its alloy and assaying businesses.
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Or she might have been talking about the acting challenge of assaying the character in Rodgers and Hammerstein's 1943 chestnut who "is going through the most — she has the most questions," as the show's music director, Nathan Koci, put it.
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But perhaps you were just looking for something to serve the kids tonight after this nightmare first day of the week that had you taking depositions for 10 hours, reviewing the endless widget orders that came in over the weekend, assaying the rat's nest of wiring you'll need to tear out and replace if this client's to have smart thermostats by Christmas. Well.
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In 1998 Beijing Tea Quality Supervision Station established under BFRI and Tea Leaves Beverage Quality Assaying Center of China Commerce Association were approved by the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision and started to render assaying services for the first batch of appointed tea stores, such as Zhangyiyuan Tea Compary.
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To provide better grading and assaying services, the Agriculture Department is looking at looping in AGMARK for better certification.
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Having taken up the idea of quantitative mouth blowpipe assaying, which was then almost unknown, he succeeded in devising dependable methods for all the ordinary useful metals. In particular his modes of assaying for nickel and cobalt quickly found favour with metallurgists. He also devoted himself to the improvement of qualitative blowpipe analysis, and summed up his experience in a treatise Die Probierkunst mit dem Löthrohr (1835), which became a standard authority. In 1840 he was made chief of the royal department of assaying.
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Assaying is analysis of the chemical composition of metals. The discovery of the touchstone for assaying helped the popularisation of metal-based commodity money and coinage. Any soft metal, such as gold, can be tested for purity on a touchstone. As a result, the use of gold for as commodity money spread from Asia Minor, where it first gained wide usage.
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Here, the reduced forms are fluorescent and the oxidised forms non-fluorescent. Oxidation reactions can therefore be followed by a decrease in fluorescence and reduction reactions by an increase. Synthetic substrates that release a fluorescent dye in an enzyme- catalyzed reaction are also available, such as 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D- galactoside for assaying β-galactosidase or 4-methylumbelliferyl-butyrate for assaying Candida rugosa lipase .
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When assaying epistasis within a gene, site-directed mutagenesis can be used to generate the different genes, and their protein products can be assayed (e.g. for stability or catalytic activity). This is sometimes called a double mutant cycle and involves producing and assaying the wild type protein, the two single mutants and the double mutant. Epistasis is measured as the difference between the effects of the mutations together versus the sum of their individual effects.
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The term 'marker' is still appropriate to use when directly assaying the gene of interest, because the test of genotype is an indirect test of the trait or phenotype of interest.
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In this sense, epistasis can be contrasted with genetic dominance, which is an interaction between alleles at the same gene locus. As the study of genetics developed, and with the advent of molecular biology, epistasis started to be studied in relation to quantitative trait loci (QTL) and polygenic inheritance. The effects of genes are now commonly quantifiable by assaying the magnitude of a phenotype (e.g. height, pigmentation or growth rate) or by biochemically assaying protein activity (e.g.
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The Directorate of Precious Metals & Gemstone Testing is one of fourteen directorates forming the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism. The directorate itself is composed of two sections that deal with assaying and gemmology and the three main functions of the directorate as a whole are: 1\. Serving the trade and public with their gemmological and assaying needs. 2\. Overseeing the local jewellery sector to ensure that traders adhere to national and international laws and nomenclature. 3\.
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The testing of the jewellery as well as the marking is done in approved Assaying & Hallmarking Centres across the nation. These are private undertakings approved as well as monitored by the BIS.
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Doob also studied the psychological dimensions of nationalism, modernity, and the role of media and communication systems on different developed and developing societies. He sought to explain why people modernize and what happens to them when they do, developing several methodological indicators to do so. He worked on developing scales of assaying psychological modernization amongst tribal societies in Africa, concluding that acculturation tends to lead to increased aggression and discontent"Scales for Assaying Psychological Modernization in Africa", Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 31, Nov.
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There are two main assaying techniques: heterogeneous and homogeneous. If two lanthanide chelates are used in the analysis one after the other—it is called heterogeneous assaying. The first analyte is linked to a specific binding agent on a solid support such as a polymer and then another reaction couples the first poorly luminescent lanthanide complex with a new better one. This tedious method is used because the second more luminescent compound would not bind without the first analyte already present.
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Quirante ordered baskets of ore gathered from each mine, labeled and ready for assaying. The results showed no evidence of deposits rich enough to yield attractive profit, prompting Quirante to return to Manila with 400 baskets of ore to be sent to Mexico for further assaying. Meanwhile, the Royal Audiencia had become concerned at the expense of the project which had already cost 33,982 pesos. Don Geronimo Silva took over the government, convening the council to decide on the issue.
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Between 1852 and 1856, he worked as a miner and businessman around Sacramento. By 1860, he was mostly occupied with selling paint in San Francisco. In 1866, Hanks established Pacific Chemical Works, an assaying company.
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A touchstone is a small tablet of dark stone such as fieldstone, slate, or lydite, used for assaying precious metal alloys. It has a finely grained surface on which soft metals leave a visible trace.
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Touchstone set A touchstone is a small tablet of dark stone such as slate or lydite, used for assaying precious metal alloys. It has a finely grained surface on which soft metals leave a visible trace.
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In December 2009 assaying found the ore to have from 0.46% to 0.64% of V2O5. The Lac Dore Vanadium Deposit is one of 18 claims that Apella has in the area. Combined their area is 300 hectares.
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This book deals with assaying techniques. Various designs of furnaces are detailed. Then cupellation, crucibles, scorifiers and muffle furnaces are described. The correct method of preparation of the cupels is covered in detail with beech ashes being preferred.
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LBMA organises a variety of industry events featuring leading experts, including the Annual Precious Metals Conference, traditionally held at a different location each year. The 2018 conference will be held in Boston, while in previous years conferences have been held in Barcelona, Singapore, Vienna, Shanghai, Rome, Berlin, Hong Kong, Kyoto and Montreal. The Assaying and Refining Conference is held in London every two years, with the next event taking place on 17–20 March 2019. This event gathers together those working within the world of assaying and refining, attracting people from within the list of accredited Good Delivery refiners, and also without.
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Distillation using an alembic Title page of the 1556 edition of Argicola's De Re Metallica Comprehensive accounts of the salt cementation processes is given by; Biringuccio in his The Method of cementing gold and of Bringing it to its Ultimate Fineness.; in the Probierbuchlein – Little Books on Assaying; by Georgius Agricola in book 10 of De Re Metallica; and by Ercker in his Treatise on ores and assaying. This was a period where new techniques began to be explored. Granulation of the gold instead of gold foil increased surface area and therefore the efficiency of the reaction.
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They destroyed the company assaying office and shot at the company caretaker, killing his mule. Holt estimated the loss at $ 1,000. The ore tailing mill and cyanide plant were not damaged. It was reported Holt still owned silver mines in the Sonora area in 1920.
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Assaying stem cells and their differentiated progeny is done with microarrays for studying how transcription factors and miRNAs determine cell fate, how epigenetic modifications between stem cells and their daughter cells affect phenotypes, as well as measuring and sorting stem cells by their protein expression.
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Frobisher was received and thanked by the queen at Windsor. Great preparations were made and considerable expense incurred for the assaying of the great quantity of "ore" (about 200 tons) brought home. This took much time and led to disputes among the various interested parties.
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In 1849, Broderick joined the California Gold Rush. He moved to San Francisco, where he engaged in smelting and assaying gold. Broderick minted gold coins that contained less gold than their face value, keeping the difference. His $10 coins, for example, contained $8 in gold.
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He could not learn parting there as the facility contracted the process to private refineries; attempts to gain permission to learn the process at these facilities failed when their owners demanded huge sums, believing that Peale, as a government agent, was flush with money. Peale journeyed to London, hoping that Moore's connections could get him instruction in the parting process. Although he visited the Royal Mint, he found officials there unhelpful and unwilling to teach him. In England, Peale studied the method of assaying via the humid process at Percival N. Johnson's refinery, and in 1835 introduced it to the Philadelphia Mint, replacing assaying by cupellation.
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Gumble, Gordon E, Et al. SME: Mining Engineering Handbook, 2nd edition, Volume 1, C1992, "Sample Preparation and Assaying", pgs 327–332, The geologist drills additional core samples to find the limits of the deposit or seam and calculates the quantity of valuable material present in the deposit.
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Department of Mining Engineering puts MBM in one of the three engineering institutes in the world which have their own underground mines with ventilation systems. The students are taught with better appreciation of mining methods. Mining department has world class geology, fuel assaying, and other laboratories.
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He opened a watch and jewelry store on Front Street, later adding assaying to his business. Robbins was elected mayor of Portland in April 1860. His term ended in 1861, and in 1862 he moved to California, and was still living there, in San Diego, in October 1907.
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There were, however, "several fresh graves" at Brunckow's Cabin that served as "mute testimony to recent Apache raids." Schieffelin is said to have used the cabin's fireplace for assaying silver ore samples. Furthermore, the location of the San Pedro Silver Mine persuaded him to search the rocky outcroppings to the northeast.
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He was the editor of the British Chess Magazine from 1920 to 1937, and again for some months in 1940. During World War II Griffith was the honorary treasurer of the British Chess Federation, and a member of its council and executive. By profession, he was a metallurgist for an assaying company.
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The syllabus also states that the exhibition of mineral and geological samples, as well as the assaying and analysis of ore sample as being within the scope of the Thames School of Mines. The school and its students also conducted experimental research on subjects, such as the refining of the gold extraction process.
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The Associate category includes many different types of market participants. For instance Associates may be traders in other markets. If so, they must have bullion based relationships with LBMA Members. Alternatively, Associates may be companies whose activities are judged to be relevant to the London bullion market, such as inspection, assaying and consultancy.
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The concentrations of fatty acids in blood serum or plasma can be measured using α-parinaric acid, which will compete for binding sites on serum albumin.Berde CB, Kerner JA, Johnson JD. (1980). Use of the conjugated polyene fatty-acid parinaric-acid in assaying fatty-acids in serum or plasma. Clinical Chemistry 26(8): 1173-1177.
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From 1922 to 1933 the Hirst-Chichagof produced 133,000 ounces of gold and 33,000 ounces of silver from polymetallic quartz veins assaying nearly 1 ounce of gold per ton. There are over a mile of underground workings, reaching below the surface. Significant reserves remain, which have attracted exploration efforts in the 1980s and 1990s.
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Wold received a Ph.D. in molecular developmental biology from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1978, studying genome structure and gene regulation during embryo development. She was appointed as a postdoctoral research fellow at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1978. There she developed methods for assaying cis-regulatory element function.
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The film got a favourable review in the 24 February 1961 issue of Filmfare magazine. Bharat Bhushan was praised for his "deep understanding and sincerity" in assaying the three dimensions of his role, a scholar, killer and monk. Nimmi, Anita Guha and Ulhas were considered "compelling" in their performances. The song "Buddham, Sharanam, Gachhami" was cited as "inspiring".
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Although primarily a boys' school, there were occasional girl students, and possibly female boarders. Subjects offered included chemistry, assaying, surveying, linear and perspective drawing, brokerage discount and commission, book- keeping, and field subjects. The school operated as a night school for some time. Cole retired in 1904, when it appears the school closed, and died in 1916.
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By the 1830s, Comstock had discarded Marcet's format of conversations between women, on the grounds that it was outdated. In his own Elements of Chemistry (1831) he adopted a straightforward didactic style targeted to male students. Examples from mining, assaying and tanning replaced Marcet's household applications. Perhaps as a result, Comstock's text was rarely used in girls' schools.
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Daintree returned to London to study assaying and metallurgy at the Royal School of Mines. During his studies in 1857, Daintree became interested in photography. Daintree rejoined the Geological Survey Office in January 1859 and pioneered the use of photography in geological field work. His photographs of the Victorian goldfields were exhibited at the 1862 International Exhibition in London.
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As the youngest son, not expected to enter the ministry, James studied mining engineering and geology at Stanford University. He was active in the school's geology club, engineers' club, and was an assistant instructor in assaying before graduating in 1901. In 1903, he married Bessie Lorraine Ransom, born in California 1872. They had one daughter, Helen Elizabeth, born in California in 1908.
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By 1899, aged 20, Edwin Beer was already an established geologist as well as an industrial chemist. In 1908 he took a post in Bombay analysing manganese ores and assaying gold. For a while he was unemployed. "Nothing", he said, "was supposed to be more demeaning in the days of the British Raj than for a white man to be employed in India".
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The building featured a cupola for ventilation and the interior doors were equipped with iron cages. The first floor of the building held the assayers offices, vaults and safes, assaying and melting rooms (furnaces), laboratory and reagents storage. The second floor was devoted to living quarters for the chief assayer. There was a parlor, pantry, dining room, kitchen and three bedrooms.
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During the early 1870s, assaying of Mt Vulcan iron ore was carried out by eight separate analysts; two in Melbourne, five in England and one in Scotland. The iron content identified in the various assays ranged between 49.5% and 71.8%, with a cluster of results around 60%. Compared with contemporary English iron ore resources, the deposit was a rich one.
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Overall women seem to have better memory performance than men in both emotional and non-emotional events (Bloise, 2007). There are many problems with assaying gender differences found in the research into this topic. Most apparent is that it is heavily reliant on self-reporting of events. Inaccuracy of findings could result from bias questions or misremembering on the part of the participants.
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Strawberry Schoolhouse Historic Site Harry Nash would become friends with O'Neill, who served as Sheriff and then Mayor of Prescott, Arizona in the 1890s. Whenever school was not in session, Nash found work as a ranch hand and cowboy, but became especially interested in mining. As time went on, he would study assaying in San Francisco and owned "some fine claims" in Gila County.Arizona silver belt.
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Thiobarbituric acid is an organic compound and a heterocycle. It is used as a reagent in assaying malondialdehyde (the TBARS assay of lipid peroxidation).Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) Assay , AMDCC Protocols, Animal Models of Diabetic Complications Consortium It is also used in Kodak Fogging Developer FD-70, part of the Kodak Direct Positive Film Developing Outfit for making black and white slides (positives).
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The BIS system of hallmarking of gold jewellery began in April 2000. The standard specifications governing this system are IS 1417 (Grades of Gold and Gold Alloys, Jewellery/Artefacts), IS 1418 (Assaying of Gold in Gold Bullion, Gold alloys and Gold Jewellery/Artefacts), IS 2790 (Guidelines for Manufacture of 23,22,21,20,19,19,17,16,14 and 9 carat Gold Alloys), IS 3095 (Gold solders for use in manufacture of jewellery).
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Also the assaying of platinum was introduced in 1953. In 1987, the assay system was privatized and since 1988 has been located in only an office at Gouda. The system is overseen by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs which appointed Edelmetaal Waarborg Nederland B.V. as of March 11, 2002. In 1999, the Netherlands ratified the Vienna Convention on the Control of the Fineness and the Hallmarking of Precious Metal Objects.
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More than 50,000 pesos had been spent on the mines, and ore was sent to New Spain for assaying. However, nothing was found, and the Spanish abandoned their fort and the mines. Some time before, the Crown had ordered an increase of 2% in the duty on goods sent from the Philippines to New Spain. Silva reported that the additional tax had greatly decreased trade, and recommended that it be abolished.
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As stated in the 1901 Syllabus, the Thames School of Mines taught various subjects. The bulk of which directly related to mining. The subjects included: Mathematics, Mining and Applied mechanics, Practical Assaying and Ventilation and Explosives, along with others. In addition to the teaching of these subjects the school was also used to prepare candidates for the Government certifications of Mine Manager, Battery Superintendent, Engine Driver and Licensed Assayer.
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The modern X-ray fluorescence is also a non-destructive technique that is suitable for normal assaying requirements. It typically has an accuracy of 2–5 parts per thousand and is well-suited to the relatively flat and large surfaces. It is a quick technique taking about three minutes, and the results can be automatically printed out by the computer. It also measures the content of the other alloying metals present.
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Tin had been discovered in 1882 at Gibbs Camp, west of Watsonville by a party of Herberton prospectors. The best lode was the Great Southern assaying 60% tin. After persevering for further months without a crushing the miners were eager to sell their properties to capitalists prepared to erect machinery. The Gibbs Creek properties were purchased in October 1883 on behalf of the Glen Smelting Company for cash.
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The translation of Pirotechnia was by Cyril Stanley Smith, a senior chemist on the Manhattan Project, and Martha Teach Gnudi. Both books were illustrated with extensive, beautiful woodcuts. The majority of the work is devoted to the more technical aspects of metalworking (such as the mining, assaying and smelting of ores), but Biringuccio also provides insights into the humanistic philosophy of the Italian Renaissance. Alchemy is also discussed.
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Willey Glover Denis (February 26, 1879 – January 9, 1929) was an American biochemist and physiologist. She was noted particularly for her collaborations with Otto Folin, including studies of protein metabolism. She was a pioneer in the field of clinical chemistry and the measurement of protein in biological fluids (blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. She also developed the first reliable method of assaying lead in body tissue and waste.
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The Hallmarking Act 1973 makes up the bulk of modern law regarding the assaying and hallmarking of metals in the United Kingdom. Hallmarking is a way to guarantee the purity of precious metals. Metals are tested and, if they meet a certain minimal purity requirement, are marked with a specified seal. In the United Kingdom (UK), this is done by the Assay Offices in London, Birmingham, Sheffield, and Edinburgh.
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Older than the other students in his class, he often spoke out against their use of alcohol. In his final year he took courses in metallurgy, ore analysis and assaying, and participated in a research project developing razors. His graduation thesis was entitled "The effects of Tungsten on Iron and Steel". It laid out the basic principles of what would later become his two greatest advances in metallurgy.
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Various other additives and formulae are described, but Agricola does not judge between them. Triangular crucibles and scorifiers are made of fatty clay with a temper of ground-up crucibles or bricks. Agricola then describes in detail which substances should be added as fluxes as well as lead for smelting or assaying. The choice is made by which colour the ore burns out which gives an indication of the metals present.
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There are a few ways to help pinpoint the presence of Krabbe disease. Newborn screening for Krabbe disease includes assaying dried blood cells for GALC enzyme activity and molecular analysis for evidence of GALC enzyme mutations. Infants displaying low enzyme activity and/or enzyme mutations should be referred for additional diagnostic testing and neurological examination. 0-5% GALC enzyme activity is observed in all symptomatic individuals with Krabbe disease.
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The Chichagof mine opened in 1905 and by 1942 had yielded 660,000 ounces of gold and 195,000 ounces of silver from quartz veins assaying over 1 oz gold per ton. There were several miles of workings on 5 levels. Six shafts reached a maximum of below sea level. Between 1981 and 1988 several thousand feet of new workings were dug, and engineering and environmental studies were done, but the project was abandoned.
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The mineral "black tin" was placed in furnaces and layered with peat. The molten metal was poured into granite moulds which produced ingots of tin. These were taken on pack horses to the stannary towns for assaying. Usable deposits in Devon became worked out, and so Cornwall became the centre of tin production. In 1337 Cornish tin production was 650 tons, but in 1335 it had been reduced to 250 tons by the Black Death.
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Schuetze reagent, also written as Schütze reagent, is made up of iodine pentoxide, I2O5, and sulfuric acid on granular silica gel. It is used to convert carbon monoxide, CO, into carbon dioxide, CO2, at room temperature.The Gravimetric Determination of Carbon in Uranium-Plutonium Carbide Materials, Los Alamos Publication LA-7981 This can be used as a method for assaying carbon content in quality control of the production of uranium carbide fuel for nuclear reactors.
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During the calendar years 1943 to 1945 inclusive, Lithgow Oil Proprietary Ltd, at Marangaroo, produced around 2,000,000 gallons of crude shale oil. Under wartime conditions, that company had designed and constructed its own NTU retorts based on information from a Bureau of Mines publication. The crude shale oil was refined at the Glen Davis Shale Oil Works. The Marangaroo oil shale deposit was small but exceptionally rich, assaying 237 gallons per long ton.
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Samples of the quartz were sent to Pretoria for assaying,which confirmed the presence of gold. Killian advised Dr W.E. Bok, Secretary of State for the Transvaal Republic, of the results of the assay. The result was the proclamation, on 10 March 1887, of the two farms as public diggings. Carl Ziervogel, who had been trying to sell Leeuwpoort, now opened the first gold mine on the East Rand, the Ziervogel Gold Mining Company.
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Niemann–Pick type C is diagnosed by assaying cultured fibroblasts for cholesterol esterfication and staining for unesterified cholesterol with filipin. The fibroblasts are grown from a small skin biopsy taken from a patient with suspected NPC. The diagnosis can be confirmed by identifying mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2 genes in 80–90% of cases. This specialized testing is available at Thomas Jefferson University Lysosomal Disease Testing Lab and the Mayo Clinic.
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The 16th-century process of separating copper and silver using liquation, described by Georg Agricola in his 1556 treatise De re metallica,Hoover, H.C. and Hoover L.H., 1950. De re metallica / Georgius Agricola. New York: Dover. remained almost unchanged until the 19th century when it was replaced by cheaper and more efficient processes such as sulphatization and eventually electrolytic methods.Sisco, A.G. and Smith, C.S., 1951. Lazarus Ercker’s Treatise on ores and assaying.
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A Trial plate was a piece of metal used as a standard in the assaying of coins to determine a coin's accuracy and fineness. Plates made from various metals including copper, silver and gold were used in events such as the Trial of the Pyx as benchmarks of quality. A contender for the earliest known trial plate dates from 1279 and is held by the Royal Mint Museum in the United Kingdom.
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The control program involved assaying seedlings for presence of the virus, and only seed foundations determined to be BSMV-free were used to produce certified BSMV-free seeds to be sold commercially. By 1972 a zero tolerance was placed on all certified seeds in Montana which led to a dramatic decline in yield loss due to BSMV. Similarly, in 1971 BSMV was eliminated in barley seeds in North Dakota.Sastry, K. S. (2013).
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Assaying is now done by the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths on behalf of HM Treasury. The 1p and 2p coins from 1971 are the oldest standard-issue coins still in circulation. Pre-decimal crowns are the oldest coins in general that are still legal tender, despite rarely encountered in circulation. Coins from the British dependencies and territories that use the pound as their currency are sometimes found in change in other jurisdictions.
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He prepared the first geological map of South Africa and had a part in the discovery of diamonds. In 1872 Dunn travelled through Bushmanland accompanied by 15 troopers of the Northern Border police. He gathered much information about the Bushmen which he embodied in his work on The Bushman, which, however, was not published until nearly 60 years later. In 1873 he went to London, studied at the school of mines, Jermyn Street, and obtained his certificate for assaying.
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J.G. Stone and others, "Using diamond drilling to evaluate a placer deposit: a case study," Mining Engineering, September 1988, p.875-880. Geophysical methods such as seismic, gravity or magnetics may be used to locate buried river channels that are likely locations for placer gold.Scott A. Stebbins (1987) Cost Estimation Handbook for Small Placer Mines, US Bureau of Mines, Information Circular 9170. Sampling and assaying a placer gold deposit to determine its economic viability is subject to many pitfalls.
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Burchard Kranich (c. 1515–1578) (also known as Doctor Burcot) was a mining engineer and physician who came to England from Germany. He was involved in mining ventures in Derbyshire and Cornwall, and in assaying the black ore, thought to be gold-bearing, brought back to England from Baffin Island by Martin Frobisher. He later practised as a physician in London, where he enjoyed a mixed reputation, and is said to have attended Elizabeth I when she contracted smallpox.
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Having trained in his father's business as an assayer, Percival Johnson established his own firm in 1817.Percival Norton Johnson at Oxford Dictionary of National Biography He specialised in the assaying and refining of precious metals particularly gold imported from Brazil: he perfected a method of extracting the Palladium from the gold therefore improving the gold's colour. He became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1846. He went into full partnership with George Matthey, a stockbroker, in 1851.
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As a prelude to a potential Human Epigenome Project, the Human Epigenome Pilot Project aims to identify and catalogue Methylation Variable Positions (MVPs) in the human genome. Advances in sequencing technology now allow for assaying genome-wide epigenomic states by multiple molecular methodologies. Micro- and nanoscale devices have been constructed or proposed to investigate the epigenome. An international effort to assay reference epigenomes commenced in 2010 in the form of the International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC).
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SSRs are segments of a genome composed of tandem repeats of a short sequence of nucleotides, usually two to six base pairs. They are popular tools in genetics and breeding because of their relative abundance compared to other marker types, a high degree of polymorphism (number of variants), and easy assaying by polymerase chain reaction. However, they are expensive to identify and develop. Comparative genome mapping has revealed a high degree of similarity in terms of sequence colinearity between closely related crop species.
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Argenterii evolved to provide the function of credit provision on a short-term basis for individuals at auctions.(please see also the same source linked in full here)(also shown here) Persons employed in the professional capacities of money-changing and assaying were known as argyramoiboi.Jean Andreau - Banking and Business in the Roman World Cambridge University Press 14 Oct 1999 (reprint), 176 pages, [Retrieved 2015-09-03] According to Callistratus, females were barred from activity as bankers by Roman law.
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OPA is used in a very sensitive fluorescent reagent for assaying amines or sulfhydryls in solution, notably contained in proteins, peptides, and amino acids, by capillary electrophoresis and chromatography. OPA reacts specifically with primary amines above their isoelectric point Pi in presence of thiols. OPA reacts also with thiols in presence of an amine such as n-propylamine or 2-aminoethanol. The method is spectrometric (fluorescent emission at 436-475 nm (max 455 nm) with excitation at 330-390 nm (max.
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For the next four weeks he worked in the McCracken Mine, wielding a pick and shovel. Ed learned about the McCracken Mine's recently arrived assayer, Richard Gird, who had a reputation as an expert. Taking his last three ore samples, Ed Schieffelin asked Gird if he thought they were worth assaying. Gird took a look and said he'd get back to Ed. Three days later, Al shook Ed out of his bunk and said Gird wanted to see him now.
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The most elaborate, but totally destructive, assay method is the fire assay, or cupellation. As applied to gold bearing metallics, as in hallmark assaying, it is also known as cupellation and can have an accuracy of 1 part in 10,000. In this process the article is melted, the alloys separated and constituents weighed. Since this method is totally destructive, when this method is employed for the assay of jewelry, it is done under the guise of random or selective sampling.
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He went to San Francisco claiming his mine was the most immense strike on record, surpassing the Comstock Lode, with ore assaying as much as $24,000 a ton and running for more than three miles with an average width of 100 feet. He then sold the claim for $30,000 to the Philadelphia Ophir Company whose backers included Thomas A. Scott.Mohave Daily Miner, April 29, 1987, p.5George Ernest Webb, Science in the American Southwest: A Topical History, University of Arizona Press, 2002, p.
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His first extra-academic appointment was as assayer to the Sunny Corner Silver and Gold Mine in the Bathurst district. He was there but a short time when he left to become assistant manager of the Australian K.O. and M. Company, Joadja Creek, Mittagong. Here his extensive knowledge of both inorganic and organic chemistry proved a remunerative boon to the company, as he introduced cheaper and more convenient methods of treatment. However, he preferred assaying and returned to Sunny Corner as Government Assayer.
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The modern X-ray fluorescence is also a non-destructive technique that is suitable for normal assaying requirements. It typically has an accuracy of 2 to 5 parts per thousand and is well-suited to relatively flat and large surfaces. It is a quick technique taking about three minutes, and the results can be automatically printed out by computer. One process for X-ray fluorescence assay involves melting the material in a furnace and stirring to make a homogeneous mix.
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Although silver veins had been discovered as early as 1860 in the area, the Pyramid district did not attract any significant attention until the spring of 1876, when an interesting ore- specimen was noticed by a Reno physician. The physician was assisting an ill miner when the doctor noticed the specimen on the man's table. Assaying the mineral resulted in a strong prediction of excellent returns. A silver rush followed after news of the discovery had spread to other mining camps.
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At the age of 18 years he set up an assaying business in Victoria, Vancouver Island but was forced to close it due to lack of interest and joined his father's lumber business. His father was the first to obtain a timber licence from the government for 7,070 acres of land at Cowichan Lake. He built a sawmill at Snug Creek, Mahoney's Bay (now Genoa Bay).Sawywell, John F.T. 1967 Kaatza, The Cowichan Lake District Centennial Committee, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada.
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The Weighing Committee measured the weight of coins from the pyx, checking them against the weight required by law. The Assaying Committee worked with the Philadelphia Mint's assayer as he measured the precious metal content of some of the coins. In some years there was a Committee on Resolutions—in 1912, it urged that a leaflet be published for visitors to the Mint's coin collection, and that a medal be struck to commemorate the collection. The full Assay Commission adopted that committee's report.
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These were held by a force identified as the faculty of imagination. The middle or also known as the Third Ventricle was termed the region of the faculty of intellect. This is the area that was responsible for controlling the judging, approving, refuting, and assaying of the sensory perceptions which are gathered in the lateral ventricles. The third faculty was identified as memory, and the storehouse of all sensory perceptions after they had been judged by the faculty of intellect.
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After gaining experience in assaying chemicals at the Oroya Links Ltd plant in Kalgoorlie, Kurth was awarded a Robert Falconer Research Scholarship for research into iron corrosion on water supplies. From 1916 to 18 he joined the Sons of Gwalia Ltd Gold Mine at Gwalia, WA, and in 1918 moved to Hobart, Tasmania, where he first worked as a Research Chemist for the Electrolytic Zinc Co. in the early stages of its establishment at Risdon, and then joined the staff of the Hobart Technical College.
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Linnaeus then continued his travel along the coast to Tornio (Torneå in Swedish), from which he made his third and final inland incursion, along the Torne River as far as Vittangi. He spent some time in the Tornio area; in Kalix he received instructions in assaying. In the middle of September he began his return journey. Travelling via Kemi, he followed the Finnish coastline to Turku (Åbo in Swedish), where he sailed via the Åland Islands, arriving in Sweden in Grisslehamn and then finally home to Uppsala.
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Sir Martin Frobisher (; c. 1535 – 22 November 1594) was an English seaman and privateer who made three voyages to the New World looking for the North-west Passage. He probably sighted Resolution Island near Labrador in north-eastern Canada, before entering Frobisher Bay and landing on present-day Baffin Island. On his second voyage, Frobisher found what he thought was gold ore and carried 200 tons of it home on three ships, where initial assaying determined it to be worth a profit of £5.20 per ton.
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The B1H system should be considered a specialized technique for studying DNA-protein interactions whereas the two-hybrid variations (B2H and Y2H) can assess both protein–protein and protein–DNA interactions. These two-hybrid systems are multi-purpose but are limited in terms of assaying only a single “prey” library. An advantage of the bacterial one-hybrid system over the yeast one- hybrid system (Y1H) lies in the higher transformation efficiency of plasmids into bacteria which allows for more complex “prey” libraries to be examined.
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Assaying expression of known circadian clock genes in the Ovtm mutants, they observed a marked decrease in PER1 and PER2 protein and mRNA levels in the brain and a significant decrease in cry2 mRNA levels only. Takahashi and his colleagues proposed that FBXL3 is a target site for protein degradation on the CRY2 protein, which would explain relatively normal CRY2 protein levels. Negative feedback by other elements of the circadian clock could then lead to the roughly 26-hour free-running period observed in Ovtm mice.
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He then studied assaying at the School of Mines and Industries, Ballarat, Victoria before undertaking a medical degree at the University of Sydney. In 1913, he married Doris Ashbury in the Sydney suburb of Woolwich. Ashbury was the granddaughter of John Ingham Aspinall, a member of the well-known Aspinall family. They travelled to Scotland where he continued studying medicine at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow.
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A sample of bromocresol purple in its violet form Bromocresol purple is used in medical laboratories to measure albumin. Use of BCP in this application may provide some advantage over older methods using bromocresol green. In microbiology, it is used for staining dead cells based on their acidity, and for the isolation and assaying of lactic acid bacteria. In photographic processing, it can be used as an additive to acid stop baths to indicate that the bath has reached neutral pH and needs to be replaced.
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A number of key Goldboro-type gold targets were identified and are currently being drill-tested using the Reverse Circulation ("RC") method to recover basal till and bedrock samples for gold assaying and whole-rock analysis. To date 194 RC drill holes are completed for 1,513 meters and 758 samples taken. On November 18, 2010 the highlights of 64 holes were released. Significant mineralization was found in 12 of them. Including four bedrock samples grading 2.3 g/t, 4.23 g/t, 10.85 g/t & 25.65 g/t.
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Many new buildings were completed in this period in Charters Towers. The "T" junction of Mosman and Gill Streets became the financial district of Charters Towers. For one block to the east, north, and south were eight banks, the post and telegraph office, two assaying offices, and four solicitor's offices. Share-brokers occupied the Royal Arcade, and other offices were located in Mosman and Bow Streets. The Royal Arcade was built in 1888 for Alexander Malcolm and by 1890 the Stock Exchange operated from the building.
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The Assay Office is a historic building at 210 Main Street in Boise, Idaho. It is significant for its role in the history of mining in Idaho, and was the first major federal government building in the Idaho Territory. During the first half of the 1860s, Idaho's gold production was the third highest in the nation. Due to the difficulty of transporting bulky, heavy ores the long distance to the nearest U.S. Mint in San Francisco, there was great demand for an assaying office in Idaho.
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The Assay Office closed in 1933 and the building was turned over to the United States Forest Service for use as offices. Renovations at that time included removing the iron bars from the windows, adding windows to the back wall, removal of the vaults and assaying furnaces and rearrangement of partitions. The Assay Office was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961, recognizing its significant role in the state's development. and In 1972 the building was turned over to the Idaho State Historical Society.
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The diagnosis of ENKTCL- NT depends on histological findings that biopsied tissue infiltrates contain lymphocytes that express CD3ε, cytotoxic molecules (granzyme B, perforin, TIA1), and EBV. Bone marrow examination is recommended to determine its involvement in this disorder. Whole body PET-CT scans are recommended to determine the extent of disease at presentation as well as to follow the effects of therapeutic interventions. The tumor load of each individual's disease as well as response to therapies has also been estimated by assaying plasma levels of EBV DNA.
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Imaging of biophotons from leaves has been used as a method for assaying R gene responses. These genes and their associated proteins are responsible for pathogen recognition and activation of defense signaling networks leading to the hypersensitive response, which is one of the mechanisms of the resistance of plants to pathogen infection. It involves the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which have crucial roles in signal transduction or as toxic agents leading to cell death. Biophotons have been also observed in the roots of stressed plants.
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In 1909-1910 he worked for the Leesburg Mining Company in Leesburg, Idaho, doing assaying and surveying. In 1914 he was living in Omaha, Nebraska, and working as foreman at the American Smelting & Refining Co. By 1915, he was working in Collinsville, Illinois, as "Supt. Basic-Sulphate and Blast-Furnace departments, St. Louis Smelting and Refining Company." St. Louis Smelting and Refining Company was a subsidiary of National Lead Co. In 1915, he was also nominated to membership in the American Institute of Mining Engineers.
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In 2001, Sierra Sciences discovered a repressor binding site (dubbed "Site C") that blocks the expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase ("TERT"), patented in 2004. Sierra Sciences discovered another repressor bind site, "GC-Box 5," in 2004, patented in 2007. Sierra Sciences discovered methods of assaying TERT promoter modulatory agents, allowing the company to efficiently check a variety of compounds to see if they inhibit repression of hTERT, in 2005. In 2007, the company discovered a small-molecule drug-like compound, "C0057684", that activates telomerase expression in human cells.
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Protecting consumers and the trade from fraud within the market place. The two sections of the Directorate deal with all aspects of gemmology and precious metal assaying and have existed for over a decade. The Assay Office was established in 1979 via Amiri Decree No.19 and the Gem & Pearl Testing Laboratory followed in 1990 via Amiri Decree No. 10. Both sections were amongst the first to be established in the Middle East and since their establishment they have developed a positive reputation within the Middle East and beyond.
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PAMP SA (Produits Artistiques Métaux Précieux) is a world leading, independently operated, precious metals refining and fabricating company, member of the MKS Group. It was established in 1977 in Ticino, Switzerland. It provides vertically integrated services in precious metals, from collection of doré from the mine, through to assaying, hedging and delivery of its bars and other products throughout the world. The company produces a complete selection of bullion bars, from 12.5 kilograms to 1 gram and leads the world market for gold bars of 50 grams or less.
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In 1577 Kranich was involved in assaying the tons of black ore brought from Baffin Island during Sir Martin Frobisher's voyages to the Canadian Arctic in search of the Northwest Passage. Between 1 November 1577 and 6 March 1578 another German metallurgist working in England, Christopher Schutz, performed three 'great proofes' of the ore. Kranich and a Venetian metallurgist working in England, Giovanni Battista Agnello, were also brought in to assay the ore. Kranich and Schutz were soon at odds, with Schutz accusing Kranich, who was favoured by Martin Frobisher, of 'evil manners and ignorance'.
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The Zimbabwe School of Mines is a mining school in Zimbabwe that provides a higher education qualification in mining providing competency-based training for high calibre, hands-on technicians. The school is located in Killarney, Bulawayo and was opened in the 1926. Zimbabwe School of mines mainly offers qualification in National Diploma and Higher National Diploma in the following areas of Mining, Mine Geology, Mine Survey, Mining Mineral Processing & Extractive Metallurgy and Metallurgical Assaying. The curriculum constantly is revised and updated with help from partner mining companies in Zimbabwe and Southern Africa.
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The South Wing officially became the Sydney branch of the Royal Mint in 1854. Its establishment required the extensive internal remodelling of the former hospital wing for accommodation for the Mint Master, administrative offices and receiving and storage rooms for bullion. Land to the rear of the building was also developed, with prefabricated industrial buildings for rolling, assaying and coining imported from England and erected around a courtyard directly behind the former hospital building. The Mint was shut down in 1926 when the Royal Melbourne Mint became the mint of the Commonwealth.
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The 'Bullion Act' was passed and an Assay office was established in Adelaide for the assaying and stamping of gold in 1852. It is claimed that this saved South Australia from bankruptcy.The Story of Keith 1851-1973, Fry, LPH 1953 In the latter half of the 20th century, the western end of the Dukes Highway was realigned to meet the Mallee Highway closer to Tailem Bend than it had previously when it ran north from Coomandook on the alignment that is now known as the Old Dukes Highway to Moorlands.
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In 1897, it was reported that miners were engaged in opening up a mineral show in the hills about 5 miles (8 km) east of Riverton, resulting in what appeared to be a permanent lode of copper and silver lead. Samples were sent for assaying and the results were promising, silver and lead definitely being present. However no developments took place, which indicates that the lode could not have been as extensive as appeared at first. Even by 1965, fossickers still gleaned a little from this mineral deposit.
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MSIA is a method that can be used as an assay for a variety of different molecules such as proteins, hormones, drugs, toxins, and various pathogens found in biological fluids (Human and animal plasma, saliva, urine, tears etc.). MSIA has also been applied to clinical samples and have been proven to be a unique assay for clinically relevant proteins. Successfully assaying toxins, drugs and other pathogens are important to the environment as well as the human body. MSIA can be used for a range of biomedical and environmental applications.
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The school opened in the same year, teaching mathematics, surveying, assaying, chemistry and mineralogy and was governed by the Council of the Institute. Although there was an enrolment of between sixty and seventy students, attendance fell away as the year progressed and by the end of the year only two students remained. Although the experiment had failed, the need for technical instruction remained and the Institute approached the government who agreed to take over the school. The pounds expended was refunded and used to refurbish the Institute's headquarters in Bow Street.
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The school had lecture rooms for geology and chemistry, assaying and chemistry laboratories, a balance room, mechanical drawing and survey department, an office, two private rooms for lecturers, a storeroom and outbuildings. The first director was W.A. McLeod, a graduate of the New Zealand University and the Otago School of Mines. He was responsible only to the Minister and was given considerable freedom to formulate policy. A firm believer in giving working men an opportunity to advance in their industry, he had lectures repeated in the evening which allowed working miners to attend the School.
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Mint Director Nellie Tayloe Ross (left) looks on as two members of the 1942 Assay Commission weigh a coin. The general function of the Assay Commission was to examine the gold and silver coins of the Mint and ensure they met the proper specifications. Assay commissioners were placed on one of three committees in most years: the Counting, Weighing, and Assaying Committees. The Counting Committee verified that the number of each type of coin in packets selected from the pyx matched what Mint records said should be there.
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Robert Hallowell Richards (August 26, 1844 - March 27, 1945) was an American mining engineer, metallurgist, and educator, born at Gardiner, Maine. In 1868, with the first class to leave the institution, he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and there he taught for 46 years, becoming professor of mineralogy and assaying in 1871, head of the department of mining engineering in 1873, and in 1884 professor also of metallurgy. The laboratories which he established at the Institute were the first of their kind in the world. He retired in 1914.
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Consequently, transcript abundance might be considered as a quantitative trait that can be mapped with considerable power. These have been named expression QTLs (eQTLs). The combination of whole-genome genetic association studies and the measurement of global gene expression allows the systematic identification of eQTLs. By assaying gene expression and genetic variation simultaneously on a genome-wide basis in a large number of individuals, statistical genetic methods can be used to map the genetic factors that underpin individual differences in quantitative levels of expression of many thousands of transcripts.
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When Cochise County was formed from the eastern portion of Pima County on February 1, 1881, Tombstone became the new county seat. Telegraph service to the town was established that same month. In early March 1880, the Schieffelins' Tombstone Mining and Milling Company which owned the original Goodenough Mine and the nearby Tough Nut Mine (among others), was sold to investors from Philadelphia. Two months later, it was reported that the Tough Nut Mine was working a vein of silver ore across that assayed at $170 per ton, with some ore assaying at $22,000 a ton.
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Digoxin is a purified cardiac glycoside that is extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata. Digoxin is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions. A typical protocol to isolate a pure chemical agent from natural origin is bioassay-guided fractionation, meaning step-by-step separation of extracted components based on differences in their physicochemical properties, and assessing the biological activity, followed by next round of separation and assaying. Typically, such work is initiated after a given crude drug formulation (typically prepared by solvent extraction of the natural material) is deemed "active" in a particular in vitro assay.
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In 1920, he co-developed with Hsien Wu the Folin-Wu method of assaying glucose in protein-free filtrates of blood.Analytical Biochemistry: the Work of Otto Knuf Olof Folin on Blood Analysis (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) Folin was elected the president of the American Society of Biological Chemists (now the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) in 1909. He was a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Biological Chemistry. He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences and was awarded the Carl Wilhelm Scheele Medal of the Swedish Chemical Society in 1930.
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This reporter region facilitates both positive and negative selection by HIS3 and URA3, respectively, which together allow for isolation of the prey containing the true DNA target sequence. HIS3 and URA3 encode proteins required for biosynthesis of histidine and uracil. Using a negative selectable marker is crucial for greatly reducing the incidence of false-positives. Self-activating prey, where the randomized region facilitate reporter expression in the absence of TF binding, are removed by transforming the reporter vector library into bacteria in the absence of bait and assaying for growth on plates containing 5-fluoro-orotic acid (5-FOA).
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The site of the former Perth Technical School was, in the early years of the Swan River Colony, part of the holding of Henry Willey Reveley. Plans show the manner in which Reveley's mill and spring-fed mill pond were linked by an ingenious mill-race down the steep slope to Bazaar Terrace (now Mounts Bay Road), along the Perth foreshore. In May 1900, the Perth Technical School opened in the Old Perth Boys School building in St Georges Terrace, with courses available to both boys and girls. The curriculum included chemistry, assaying, engineering, art and design, woodwork and metalwork.
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The Mint produces and markets a family of high-purity gold, silver, palladium, and platinum Maple Leaf bullion coins, wafers, and bars for the investment market as well as gold and silver granules for the jewellery industry and industrial applications. The Mint also provides Canadian and foreign customers with gold and silver processing, including refining, assaying, and secure storage. Additionally, the Royal Canadian Mint operates a technically advanced refinery in which it refines precious metals from a variety of sources, including primary producers, industry, recyclers, and financial institutions. The mint refines raw gold to 995 fine through the Miller chlorination process.
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In particular, the original plans called for the walls and ceiling of the office to be constructed of pine timber, which could have been easily ignited by the heat of the muffle furnace used in the assaying process. Therefore, the plans for the Mareeba Assay Office allowed for the whole of the west wall to be constructed of brick. Other local adaptations included the inclusion of a door adjacent to the Balance Table to allow fumes to dissipate. In November 1916 the State Mining Engineer recommended that another building be provided on the site for use as a storeroom and office.
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The remittance fee that was to be paid by the remitter was known as liqian (力錢). It was either 2 taels (雙力) per 100 taels of silver that was being remitted, or only 1 tael (單力). Local differences in the value of silver ingots could be used by the piaohao for profits by arbitrage business, this was known as yaping case (壓平擦色). Another important part of the piaohao business model was the assaying of silver and the production of silver ingots (紋銀), these silver ingots are commonly known in English as "sycees".
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The diagnosis of hereditary elliptocytosis is usually made by coupling a family history of the condition with an appropriate clinical presentation and confirmation on a blood smear. In general it requires that at least 25% of erythrocytes in the specimen are abnormally elliptical in shape, though the observed percentage of elliptocytes can be 100%. This is in contrast to the rest of the population, in which it is common for up to 15% of erythrocytes to be elliptical. If some doubt remains regarding the diagnosis, definitive diagnosis can involve osmotic fragility testing, an autohaemolysis test, and direct protein assaying by gel electrophoresis.
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It carried out many state-level key scientific and technological projects in the 7th, 8th, and 9th Five-Year Plan periods, all of which have been put into practice in the food industry. Now it is focusing its efforts on membrane separation technology, biofermentation technique, microencapsulation technique, supercritical liquid extraction technique, extrusion technique, etc. BFRI has obtained more than 400 achievements in scientific research, one of which won State Spark Prize, nine won State Science and Technology Progress Prize and thirty-one gained state patents. Tea Leaves Beverage Quality Assaying Center of China Commerce Association Beijing Tea Quality Supervision Station.
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RNase A was the first enzyme for which a correct catalytic mechanism was proposed, even before its structure was known. RNase A was the first protein for showing the effects of non-native isomers of peptide bonds preceding proline residues in protein folding. Bovine pancreatic ribonuclease was also the model protein used to work out many spectroscopic methods for assaying protein structure, including absorbance, circular dichroism, Raman, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It was the first model protein for the development of chemical methods for the study of proteins, such as chemical modification of exposed side chains, antigenic recognition, and limited proteolysis of disordered segments.
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Born into a South East London working-class family, Milner was sent to a Reading boarding school for the war but, hating it, ran away and roamed the streets of London. Eventually, another school was found for him; Milner attended King's College London starting in 1946, where he competed as a featherweight boxer. He graduated in 1949 as the best mathematics student in his year, and received a master's degree in 1950 under the supervision of Richard Rado and Charles Coulson. Partial deafness prevented him from joining the Navy, and instead, in 1951, he took a position with the Straits Trading Company in Singapore assaying tin.
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Today its Freemen include jewellers, gold and silver smiths, bankers and financiers. Historically, many of its membership helped form the Bank of Scotland in 1695. It retains the statutory role of assaying and hallmarking gold, silver, platinum and palladium wares before they can be sold. The Kirking of the Deacons :Every year the Deacons are "kirked" at Beltane, in a ceremony, known as The Kirking of the Deacons, in which the Deacons march in ceremonial dress along with their banner-bearers, led by the Convenery's Officer bearing the Blue Blanket, under escort from the High Constables of Edinburgh, from Candlemakers' Hall to Greyfriars Kirk.
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LBMA manages the accreditation process for all Good Delivery listed refiners. This process involves an examination of the company's history and current relationship with the market, its financial standing, its sourcing and refining methods as well as its assaying techniques and abilities. Refiners are required to produce a set of sample bars as part of the process that are inspected for their quality and then independently assayed to ensure that the refiner meets the minimum specifications for consistency, specificity and accuracy in determining the bar's fineness. LBMA proactively monitors all accredited refiners on a three-year cycle to ensure that the high standards continue to be met.
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Birmingham Assay Office was fought for by Boulton and it changed the fortunes of silver making in the town and can still be visited today. One impediment to Boulton's work is the lack of an assay office in Birmingham. The silver toys long made by the family firm are generally too light to require assaying, but silver plate has to be sent over 70 miles (110 km) to the nearest assay office, at Chester, to be assayed and hallmarked, with the attendant risks of damage and loss. Alternatively they can be sent to London, but this exposes them to the risk of being copied by competitors.
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The clay for the bricks was obtained from the banks of Return Creek nearby and the bricks made were used for a wide variety of constructions on site, commencing with the furnaces. Work began in 1899 on an assay office to service the mine and it was finished by 1900. Assaying on site was important in order to test ore quality and so provide a guide for the exploitation of the mine and the smelting operations. The assay building was used as a laboratory for determining the level of metal contained within the ore and the level of impurities contained within the metal after smelting.
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Colin Andrew Firth (born 10 September 1960) is an English actor. He is the recipient of several accolades, including an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award, two BAFTA Awards, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards, as well as the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival. In 2010, Firth's portrayal of King George VI in Tom Hooper's The King's Speech won him the Academy Award for Best Actor. He was identified in the mid 1980s with the "Brit Pack" of rising, young British actors, assaying a varied and challenging series of roles, including leading roles in Apartment Zero, Valmont and Tumbledown.
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About 45% of patients present with elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase; elevation in this serum enzyme is a poor prognostic indicator. Patients with ENKTCL-NT also have elevated levels of plasma EBV DNA. Quantification of these levels at diagnosis correlates with the extent of their tumor load while serially assaying these levels during treatment gives evidence of the tumors response to treatment and residual disease. Rarely, patients show laboratory evidence of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis such as: decreased circulating red blood cells, leukocytes, and/or platelets; increased serum levels of liver-derived enzymes, ferritin, and/or triglycerides; decreased serum levels of fibrinogen; and/or hemophagocytosis, i.e.
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Rashtriya e-Market Services (ReMS) is established as a joint venture of Government of Karnataka (India) and NCDEX spot exchange limited with equal shareholding. It was conceived to blend public interest with the initiative of a private enterprise for establishing, operating, managing a specialized electronic trading platform called Unified Market Platform (UMP) for auctioning of farmer's produce. Department of Agricultural Marketing, ReMS and the Markets, work in close coordination to implement the reforms agenda of the State. ReMS has been striving to put in to place the best practices in the agricultural markets like Establishing Assaying facilities, cleaning and grading machinery in markets, capacity building for stakeholders etc.
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In genotyping studies where DNA is directly assayed for positions of variance (see SNP), concordance is a measure of the percentage of SNPs that are measured as identical. Samples from the same individual or identical twins theoretically have a concordance of 100%, but due to assaying errors and somatic mutations, they are usually found in the range of 99% to 99.95%. Concordance can therefore be used as a method of assessing the accuracy of a genotyping assay platform. Because a child inherits half of his or her DNA from each parent, parents and children, siblings, and fraternal (dizygotic) twins have a concordance that averages 50% using this measure.
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Richard held ten knights' fees in Cornwall prior to 1135 and at his death the county still accounted for a third of his considerable total holding.De Lucy in the 12th century, Norman Lucey 2009 [lucey.net/webpage62.htm]. By the start of the 14th century Truro was an important port, due to its inland location away from invaders, prosperity from the fishing industry, and a new role as one of Cornwall's stannary towns for assaying and stamping tin and copper from Cornish mines. The Black Death brought a trade recession and an exodus of the population that left the town in a very neglected state.
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Congress in 1828 had required that the weights kept by the Mint Director be tested for accuracy in the presence of the assay commissioners each year. By statute passed in 1911, the commission was required to inspect the weights and balances used in assaying at the Philadelphia Mint, and to report on their accuracy. This included the government's official standard pound weight that had been brought from the United Kingdom. According to a description of the 1948 meeting, silver coins selected for assay were first placed between steel rollers until the thickness was reduced to , and then were chopped into fine pieces and dissolved in nitric acid.
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Both have to meet their strict guidelines. Bullion products from these trusted refiners are traded at face value by LBMA members without assay testing. By buying bullion from an LBMA member dealer and storing it in an LBMA recognized vault, customers avoid the need of re-assaying or the inconvenience in time and expense it would cost. However this is not 100% sure, for example, Venezuela moved its gold because of the political risk for them, and as the past shows, even in countries considered as democratic and stable, for example in the US in the 1930s gold was seized by the government and legal moving was banned.
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A cup of low caffeine Arabica coffee in Hanoi, Vietnam. Low caffeine coffee is a term that is used by coffee producers to describe coffee that has not been subjected to a process of decaffeination, but is substantially lower in caffeine than average coffee. Samples of coffee vary widely in caffeine levels due to many factors, some well documented (such as genetics) and some not fully understood, such as the action of soil, water levels and sunlight. Low caffeine coffees are typically created by assaying caffeine levels of different bean lots and selecting the best flavor profile from the lots that are naturally lowest in caffeine.
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Advertisement for Zach Mulhall's Congress of Rough Riders and Ropers - 1903 World's Fair BulletinIn 1903, Holt and a former classmate W. C. Mossman, left for the 1903 World's Fair at St. Louis, Missouri to join Zach Mulhall's Congress of Rough Riders and Ropers in the show's "broncho riding act". Holt began his career renting his father's cattle business, working the family herd with his brother Isham for six years. During that time, Holt completed a post- graduate course in assaying. Holt's older brother Ernest had a number of mining interests in Sonora, Mexico but was killed in 1900 by a revolver that was said to have fallen from his cot and exploded.
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Modern-day Kimmirut, in the area known to Schutz as Meta Incognita Schutz' next venture, however, was a financial disaster. In January 1577 Schutz assisted Giovanni Battista Agnello, a Venetian then living in London, in the assaying of a black stone which had been picked up lying loose on the surface of Hall's Island by Robert Garrard during Sir Martin Frobisher's first voyage to the Canadian Arctic in search of the Northwest Passage.Garrard was one of five men captured by the Inuit several days later; . Agnello's claim that the stone was gold- bearing (apparently confirmed or at least accepted by Schutz) caused government officials to authorise a second voyage by Frobisher to Baffin Island.
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Historically, hand-mining of gold ores permitted the miners to pick out the lode quartz or reef quartz, allowing the highest-grade portions of the lodes to be worked, without dilution from the unmineralised wall rocks. Today's mining, which uses larger machinery and equipment, forces the miners to take low-grade waste rock in with the ore material, resulting in dilution of the grade. However, today's mining and assaying allows the delineation of lower-grade bulk tonnage mineralisation, within which the gold is invisible to the naked eye. In these cases, veining is the subordinate host to mineralisation and may only be an indicator of the presence of metasomatism of the wall-rocks which contains the low-grade mineralisation.
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Having returned to Queensland, in the late 1890s, he was working as a chemist on his father's sugar farm at Windermere, Queensland (near Bundaberg). He married May Evelyn Wright on 12 June 1901 at the Nott family home at Windermere; their only child (an unnamed daughter) died shortly after birth in 1904.Registrar-General of Births, Deaths & Marriages, Queensland Between about 1898 and 1903 Nott was involved in assaying and managing a cyanide works for the extraction of gold at Nelson (near Cairns, Queensland).Queensland Electoral Roll for Division of Herbert, 1903 For about two years, Nott worked as a chemistry demonstrator and assistant analytical chemist at the Queensland Agricultural College at Gatton under Mr. J. Bailnich.
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An example in literature is the character of Touchstone in Shakespeare's As You Like It, described as "a wise fool who acts as a kind of guide or point of reference throughout the play, putting everyone, including himself, to the comic test".John Palmer :Dante's "In la sua volontade è nostra pace" ("In his will is our peace"; Paradiso, III.85)Abrams, M.H. Glossary of Literary Terms A touchstone can be a short passage from recognized masters' works used in assaying the relative merit of poetry and literature. This sense was coined by Matthew Arnold in his essay "The Study of Poetry", where he gives Hamlet's dying words to Horatio as an example of a touchstone.
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On 21 August 1603 Ginés de Lillo began his workThe general visit of the land by Ginés de Lillo (Fernando Silva Vargas) in the regions of Ñuñoa, Apoquindo, Manquehue, Vitacura, Tobalaba and Peñalolén. He then proceeded into the foothills of the Andes as far as Maipo before assaying both sides of the road from Colina and Aconcagua, Lo Negrete, Renca and Huechuraba. In 1604 he steered in the direction of Tango, on the northern bank of the Maipo River, Chiñigue, Pomaire, Melipilla, the Puangue valley, Curacaví, Mallarauco and Ibacache, ending in Pudahuel where he stayed as a guest of the Society of Jesus. He then measured the farms of Quilicura owned by Don Bartolomé Blumenthal.
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Although some of the pioneer work in metallography had been carried out by Heycock and Neville in the University Chemical Laboratory and formed part of the course in assaying chemistry, metallurgy was not included as a separate subject in the Natural Sciences Tripos. The Goldsmiths’ Company had generously provided funds for a small laboratory and endowed a chair, but it was Hutton who first persuaded the university to introduce metallurgy into Part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos and later Part I. Hutton was elected a Fellow of Clare College and became a member of the Court of the Goldsmiths’ Company in 1936. Hutton’s activities were not confined to those directly concerned with his various appointments.
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Based on his family's business as goldsmiths and their long involvement in the Company of Mineral & Battery Works, the Virginia Company appointed Captain John Martin as Master of Battery Works for the new colony to be established in the Chesapeake. As Master of the Battery Works, he oversaw the prospecting and assaying of mineral ores discovered by the colonists. His son John Martin (d. 1608) and kinsman George Martin accompanied him to Jamestown. Martin arrived in Virginia along with his teenage son John on 26 April 1607, when what came to be called the "First Landing" occurred at the place where south edge of the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay meets then Atlantic Ocean, a location the colonists named Cape Henry.
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Much of Klein's work has focused on the ontology of materials, the notion of substance, and the development of the observational and experimental sciences. She is particularly interested in forms of knowledge, including bodily skills, technical competence, explicit knowledge, connoisseurship, and analytic and theoretical knowledge; and in methods of measurement, data collection, and classification. In Materials in Eighteenth-Century Sciences (2007) Klein and Lefèvre discuss ways in which eighteenth century chemistry was grounded in a world of materials such as balsams, fats, salts, alloys, plant materials and blood, and practiced in a wide variety of settings including “apothecary's shops, foundries, assaying laboratories, arsenals, dye manufactories, distilleries, [and] coffee shops.” They then focus on a transitional period in eighteenth-century European chemistry, around 1830.
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PAMP SA (Produits Artistiques Métaux Précieux) is an independently operated precious metals refining and fabricating company and member of the MKS Group. It was established in 1977 in Ticino, Switzerland Originally starting as a minting facility of bars weighing less than 100 grams, and as an alloy specialist for the jewelry and luxury watch-making industries, it has grown to provide services from collection of doré from the mine, through to assaying, hedging and delivery of its bars and other products. The company produces bullion bars, from 12.5 kilograms to 1 gram. PAMP also provides custom minting service for private companies and government mints. The company’s product range in that field goes from small bars and medals to legal tender coins.
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Agnello and another German metallurgist working in England, Burchard Kranich, also assayed the ore. Kranich and Schutz were soon at odds, with Schutz accusing Kranich, who was favoured by Martin Frobisher, of 'evil manners and ignorance'. Numerous documents survive showing Kranich's involvement in the assaying of the ore, including a letter of 26 November 1577 in which Kranich reported to Sir Francis Walsingham on the amount of gold found in his tests. Amid growing doubts about the value of the ore, Kranich insisted that it contained a significant amount of gold, and asked for £200 and a daily wage of £1 to refine it. On 20 December 1577 Agnello submitted his own report to Walsingham on the amount of gold to be found in the ore.
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Table salt (sodium chloride), dissolved in nitric acid, caused silver chloride to precipitate, which could be recovered as metallic silver through the use of zinc and sulfuric acid. This was a further refinement of the parting process; the director of the Monnaie de Paris, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, had first used a salt solution as an easy, accurate means of assaying silver. A Senate report in 1873 stated that Peale's advancement of this process "attests to his genius, enterprise, and high attainments". When there were calls in Congress in 1836 for a two-cent piece to be made of debased silver, or billon, Patterson had Peale, working with Second Engraver Christian Gobrecht, strike pattern coins to show that the coins would be easily counterfeited using base metals.
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At the time, the precious metal in a silver dollar was worth about $0.53, and under such proposals, silver worth that much would be returned to depositors as a one-dollar coin, "free"—that is, without a charge for the Mint's costs for assaying and coining. Despite the controversy in the country, McKinley and Hanna decided that an explicit mention of the gold standard in the party platform would be a better strategy than remaining silent on the issue. McKinley sent Hanna to the convention with a draft plank calling for maintenance of the gold standard, which Hanna successfully placed in the party platform. The adoption of the plank caused some Republicans, mostly from the West, to walk out of the convention.
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The gold bars held in the depository are approximately seven inches long, three and a half inches wide, and one and three-quarters inches thick. While each of these bars contains the equivalent of about of pure gold, they differ in their composition. Mint gold bars are a minimum of 99.5% fine gold, while coin bars, which were made from melted gold coins, are the same composition as the coins from which they were made. The 1934 London Good Delivery List, published by the London Gold Market (a precursor of the London Bullion Market Association), defined coin bars as "bars assaying 899 to 901 per mille or 915 to 917 per mille and containing between 350 and 420 ounces of fine gold".
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On 2 November 1912, a special meeting of the Camborne Association of Engineers was held at the Mining School, Camborne, which led to a decision to enlarge its scope. At a general meeting on 4 January 1913, the then Principal of the Camborne School of Mines, J.J. Berringer, led a discussion on the "Assaying of Tin in Mines". At this meeting sufficient support was achieved and the Cornish Institution of Mining, Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineers, as it was then known, was formed, and met under its first President, Josiah Paul on 1 March 1913. It was keen to cover the mining, mechanical and metallurgical, in fact all aspects of mining activity, the former three being proportionately represented on the governing body.
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This suggests that Cycle is part of the biological clock with its phenotype similar to that of the clock mutant. Assaying PER and TIM transcription levels in the cyc mutant showed reduced mRNA levels of both proteins. Cloning of the cyc gene revealed that it encodes a novel bHLH-PAS protein related to mammalian bmal1, and that it likely binds to Clock to activate transcription of circadian rhythm genes. Cycle gene expression has been discovered in a variety of cell types and tissues including the adult head, adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, and adult carcass.
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It also benefited from the development and refinement of new processes such as electroplating which was invented by George Elkington at the Elkington Silver Electroplating Works on Newhall Street. Also invented in the Jewellery Quarter was the first man- made plastic, Parkesine, by Alexander Parkes in 1862. In 1883, less than half of all silver jewellery made in Birmingham was of high enough standard to pass through Birmingham Assay Office. However, in the same year no less than 30 tons 17 cwt 4 lb 4 oz (32,363 kg) of silver jewellery and 3 tons 7 cwt 12 lb 3 oz (3,409.3 kg) of gold items were received bringing the total number of articles sent in for assaying that year to over 2.6 million.
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He next became a partner with bankers Samuel J. Hensley and Robert D. Merrill in April 1850 and was their agent for two months. He went back to Washington briefly, then returned to San Francisco in January 1851 on the steamer Tennessee, along with Augustus Humbert, who had been appointed to be U.S. assayer in San Francisco. In that year King established another company, and it was there that his firm struck $20 gold ingots. Coin historian Donald H. Kagin has written that, in March 1851, "the most notorious chapter in private gold coinage occurred", when King sent $180 in face value of coins minted by a number of entrepreneurs to Humbert, who reported after assaying them that the samples were worth 1.8 percent to 3 percent under market value.
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Thin-layer chromatography can be used to monitor the progress of a reaction, identify compounds present in a given mixture, and determine the purity of a substance. Specific examples of these applications include: analyzing ceramides and fatty acids, detection of pesticides or insecticides in food and water, analyzing the dye composition of fibers in forensics, assaying the radiochemical purity of radiopharmaceuticals, or identification of medicinal plants and their constituents A number of enhancements can be made to the original method to automate the different steps, to increase the resolution achieved with TLC and to allow more accurate quantitative analysis. This method is referred to as HPTLC, or "high-performance TLC". HPTLC typically uses thinner layers of stationary phase and smaller sample volumes, thus reducing the loss of resolution due to diffusion.
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He knew that pearls came from shell-fish, that coral came from India, and speaks of the fossilized remains of organic life. Theophrastus made the first known reference to the phenomenon, now known to be caused by pyroelectricity, that the mineral lyngurium (probably tourmaline) attracts straws and bits of wood when heated. He also considers the practical uses of various stones, such as the minerals necessary for the manufacture of glass; for the production of various pigments of paint such as ochre; and for the manufacture of plaster. He discusses the use of the touchstone for assaying gold and gold alloys, an important property which would require the genius of Archimedes to resolve in quantitative detail when he was asked to investigate the suspected debasement of a crown a few years later.
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Sutton attended public schools in Kincardine and Walkerton followed by a year at Trinity College School, Port Hope, Ontario (1873-1874). He then went to Sibley College of Mechanical Arts, Cornell (1874-1876)] but dropped out after completing two years to take a short business course at Hamilton Business College before attending the Columbia School of Mines (1876-1877). In 1895 he took a special course in chemistry, mineralogy, petrography and geology, at the Michigan School of Mines, following which he became assistant teacher helping various professors in metallurgy, assaying, biology, zoology, palaeontology, mineralogy, crystallography, petrology, lithology and geology. Alongside his teaching he completed his degree with a 54-page thesis entitled Geology of Penokee-Gogebic Iron Bearing District in 1898 and was awarded an E.M. (Mining Engineer) degree.
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Through his experiences of the economic practices of different Italian duchies, and his activities assaying Italian and foreign coins, Scaruffi became convinced that the number and variation of coins in circulation, as well as arbitrary practices such as devaluation, only served to obstruct trade, and subject merchants and governors alike to excessive and unnecessary complications and negotiations. To solve these problems, he proposed a currency whose value would be universal through being based on the intrinsic value of its precious metal content. Scaruffi published his ideas in a book entitled L’Alitinonfo (from the Ancient Greek for "True Light"), published in Reggio by Hercoliano Bartoli in 1582. This book argued not just for a universal currency, but for a society based on objective action in the light of a natural law.
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In 1999, Metabolite sued LabCorp for infringement of a patent covering a diagnostic test. The single claim at issue, claim 13, is reproduced in full below: "A method for detecting a deficiency of cobalamin or folate in warm-blooded animals comprising the steps of: "assaying a body fluid for an elevated level of total homocysteine; and "correlating an elevated level of total homocysteine in said body fluid with a deficiency of cobalamin or folate." Claim 13 is a diagnostic method for detecting deficiencies of vitamins B6 and B12 that relies on the correlation of that condition with elevated levels of homocysteine. The claim instructs medical providers to test homocysteine levels in a patient, without specifying any specific means of doing so, and make logical inferences based on the test results and aware of the discovered correlation between elevated levels and vitamin deficiencies.
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Although time consuming, the method is the accepted standard applied for valuing gold ore as well as gold and silver bullion at major refineries and gold mining companies. In the case of fire assaying of gold and platinum ores, the lengthy time required to carry out an assay is generally offset by carrying out large numbers of assays simultaneously, and a typical laboratory will be equipped with several fusion and cupellation furnaces, each capable of taking multiple samples, so that several hundred analyses per day can be carried out. The principal advantage of fire assay is that large samples can be used, and these increase the accuracy in analyzing low-yield ores in the <1g/T range of concentration. 1916 photograph of an assayer performing an electrolysis test on a gold sample at the United States Assay Office in New York.
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The technique of rarefaction was developed in 1968 by Howard Sanders in a biodiversity assay of marine benthic ecosystems, as he sought a model for diversity that would allow him to compare species richness data among sets with different sample sizes; he developed rarefaction curves as a method to compare the shape of a curve rather than absolute numbers of species. Following initial development by Sanders, the technique of rarefaction has undergone a number of revisions. In a paper criticizing many methods of assaying biodiversity, Stuart Hurlbert refined the problem that he saw with Sanders' rarefaction method, that it overestimated the number of species based on sample size, and attempted to refine his methods. The issue of overestimation was also dealt with by Daniel Simberloff, while other improvements in rarefaction as a statistical technique were made by Ken Heck in 1975.
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The mouldstone is the best field evidence for a blowing house; they are large blocks of granite with a flat top containing a rectangular hollow recess into which the molten tin was poured to be cast into ingots. The moulds vary in size and shape, the largest known from Dartmoor being that from Upper Merrivale at , and the smallest square at Longstone. Some mouldstones have additional smaller hollows on their surface; these are traditionally assumed to be for assaying purposes, but some authors have suggested that they may have been for making small ingots for selling illicitly to avoid tin coinage, the tax on white, or refined tin. The only properly documented find of a tin ingot from Dartmoor has a diagonal hole through it which matches the supposed practice of placing a stick in the mould when pouring in the molten tin.
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The geology of the Planet area is ancient, estimated to be Precambrian, the bedrock being made up mostly of pinkish gneiss and absorbed limestone and amphibolite, which contained hematite-copper. Gold and the copper were discovered in La Paz County in the early 1860s. The Planet area began producing ore around 1868, making it likely the first copper mine in Arizona. Prospectors received trouble from Apaches in the area until 1874, when they were placed on reserves. Smelting and bullion production, assaying at about 5% copper, began in the 1880s. By 1884, the mine had sent more than 6,000 tons of high-quality copper to San Francisco. Transporting freight 28 miles to Planet cost $10 to $18 a ton. There was for a while limited access to Planet, a stage going between the town and Bouse (21.5 miles to the south) three times a week.
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Saliva nitric test strip (Berkeley Test) showing colored scale of nitric oxide status - See article and jump to Cardiovascular Disease, Nitric Oxide: a salivary biomarker for cardio-protection Saliva testing or Salivaomics is a diagnostic technique that involves laboratory analysis of saliva to identify markers of endocrine, immunologic, inflammatory, infectious, and other types of conditions. Saliva is a useful biological fluid for assaying steroid hormones such as cortisol, genetic material like RNA, proteins such as enzymes and antibodies, and a variety of other substances, including natural metabolites, including saliva nitrite, a biomarker for nitric oxide status (see below for Cardiovascular Disease, Nitric Oxide: a salivary biomarker for cardio-protection). Saliva testing is used to screen for or diagnose numerous conditions and disease states, including Cushing's disease, anovulation, HIV, cancer, parasites, hypogonadism, and allergies. Salivary testing has even been used by the U.S. government to assess circadian rhythm shifts in astronauts before flight and to evaluate hormonal profiles of soldiers undergoing military survival training.
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In Sweden, he continued in MIR until 1977 as head of MIR and Junta Coordinadora Revolucionaria counter-intelligence activity in Scandinavia, undertaking aimed the monitoring of Operation Condor.French newspaper Le Figaro described the activity as de Noli's "espionage assaying". In article ("In Russia, a curious thesis puts forward to exculpate Damascus") "En Russie, une curieuse thèse reprise pour exonérer Damas", authored by the newspaper's correspondent in Moscow and using a Swedish journalist source, affirms that Ferrada de Noli "sought refuge in Sweden, where, in addition to have assayed espionage, he would have pursued a scientific career..." In French, original text: «il s'est réfugié en Suède, où, en plus de avoir gôuté à l'espionnage, il aurait poursuivi une carrière scientifique, notamment à Harvard et à l'institut suédois Karolinska des Nobel.» In 1976 he started working as psychotherapist at health services for political refugees in Stockholm County, and 1989 in crisis therapy provided at the Swedish Red Cross Project for traumatized and torture-survivor refugees.
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Frank Leverett was born on March 10, 1859 in Denmark, Iowa and was descended from a family that emigrated from Boston, Lincolnshire in 1663. Following an education in Denmark Academy from which he expected to become a farmer, Leverett taught in public schools for a year in 1878 before becoming an instructor in natural sciences at the academy for the following three years. Here he became interested in geology and so enrolled in Colorado College and subsequently Iowa State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts to study mineralogy and assaying, graduating with a bachelor of science from the latter in 1885. He then began work in a temporary job in Madison, Wisconsin working with the United States Geological Survey. Leverett continued as an assistant until 1890 when he was given the position of assistant geologist, before becoming a geologist in 1901 and a senior geologist in 1928, until his retirement in 1929.
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It is possible that a serious injury to his foot in his early childhood, which prevented him from taking part in the bustle of childhood activity, contributed to his independence and self-containment, and to an increasing interest in botany. However, it is documented that his father, Joe Morris, was an "enthusiastic" botanist and young Albert was his "offsider", so this was a more likely source of his botanical interests, as well as innate talent and an interest in the subject."Comments of readers: Appreciation of Late Mr A Morris" in "Barrier Miner" 14/01/39 By the time he was undertaking technical school studies in metallurgy and assaying, Morris had developed a small garden and nursery, and contributed to the cost of his fees by selling plants (pepper trees) that he had grown. Morris took up work with the Central Mine at Broken Hill, eventually becoming chief assayer for this mining company.
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On Nov. 18 1869, engine No. 1 hauled the railroads first revenue train of ore from the Yellow Jacket mine. By December 21, regular scheduled trains were running between Gold Hill and Carson City, hauling wood and lumber up the hill and ore back down to the mills. The first lot of ore from the Yellow Jacket mine and in fact from the Comstock ledge - yet shipped over the railroad was sent down yesterday to the Yellow Jacket mill on Carson River. There were seven car loads of it, about eight and a half tons to the load, not far from 60 tons. This was from the 700 foot level of the old north mine, and dumped directly into the cars, the railroad passing within a few feet of the shaft. It is low grade ore, assaying $26 or $28 to the ton, and will yield under the stamps not far from $17 per ton. It is ore which heretofore was considered too poor to work and was accordingly used to fill up drifts with.
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Numerous documents survive showing Kranich's involvement in the assaying of the ore, including a letter of 26 November 1577 in which Kranich reported to Sir Francis Walsingham on the amount of gold found in his tests. Amid growing doubts about the value of the ore, Kranich insisted that it contained a significant amount of gold, and asked for £200 and a daily wage of £1 to refine it. He also designed a furnace for smelting the ore.Drawing of two furnaces, inscribed by Lord Burghley respectively 'Old Order' and 'Burchardes Furnise', MPF 1/304, National Archives Retrieved 6 November 2013. However the ore eventually turned out to be worthless iron pyrite, and it was later alleged by Robert Denham, who had assisted Kranich with his tests, that Kranich had added gold and silver coins of his own to bring the projected value of the refined ore to £50 per ton. The story that Kranich allegedly doctored the assay tests is found in a deposition to the Privy Council by Michael Lok,PRO SP 12/122/62.
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Technical problems plagued the early mining efforts, requiring the development of new mining technology to support the challenge. German engineer Philip Deidesheimer created a timbering system for mining tunnels called square sets, which enabled the retrieval of huge amounts of silver ore in a safe manner. Square set timbering, roots blowers, stamp mills, the Washoe Pan milling process, Cornish pumps, Burleigh machine drills, wire woven rope, miners' safety cages and the safety clutch for those cages; even the Sutro tunnel all had a place in supporting the exploitation of the rich ore body. As technological advancements, these were used many times over in later mining applications. In 1876 one observer reported that in Virginia City, "every activity has to do with the mining, transportation, or reduction of silver ore, or the melting and assaying of silver bullion." Like many cities and towns in Nevada, Virginia City was a mining boomtown; it developed virtually overnight as a result of miners rushing to the Comstock Lode silver strike of 1859.
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Despite Chinese merchants valuing both foreign silver coins (銀元) and Chinese silver ingots (銀兩) based on their silver content, the government of the Qing dynasty still enforced the opinion that the silver coins that originated in foreign countries was somehow of inferior value than the Chinese sycees. Yet the private Chinese markets didn't share this opinion with the imperial Qing government as the populations of the coastal provinces (and Guangdong most in particular) held the foreign silver coins in high esteem due to various advantages such as their fixed nominal values and their consistently reliable fineness of their silver content which all made them be used for transactions without having to undergo a process of assaying or weighing as is expected of sycees. The year 1814 the market value of 1 silver foreign coin in Guangzhou was never less than 723 Chinese cash coins, while in other provinces like Jiangsu and Zhejiang they were even worth more eight hundred cash coins, or foreign silver coins could be traded for 0.73 tael of silver each.Cong Hanxiang (從翰香), Hong Jiaguan (洪葭管) (1992).
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The former assay office was constructed in 1899 to process ore samples from the Mt Garnet Freehold Copper and Silver Mine. The copper, silver and zinc lode at Mount Garnet was discovered in 1882 by Albert Vollenweider and Henry Faasch, who, with James McLeod, manager for John Moffat, applied for a selection of in October 1882. Moffat bought his first shares from Vollenweider, Faasch and other partners in 1884 and through the 1880s acquired further shares until he had full control. He did not develop the site until the resurgence of copper prices in the 1890s when he opened up the Mount Garnet lodes in late 1896. In May 1898, crushing machinery was delivered to the site from Glen Linedale and Montalbion and a report was prepared to promote the mine to investors. By October 1898 mining leases and town lots at Mount Garnet were being purchased. On 23 December 1898, the Mt Garnet Freehold Copper and Silver Mining Company was incorporated in Melbourne by Moffat and his associates in that city, though it was not floated until September 1899. A metallurgist and a construction engineer were appointed, assaying equipment was ordered and a brickworks and sawmill were set up in 1898 to supply building materials.
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